Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Economic rel'
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Yi, Chong-ŭn. "International integration, growth, and the World Real Interest Rate." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299727.
Full textInglis-Smith, Chandra L. "Satellite image based classification mapping for spatially analyzing West Virginia Corridor H urban development." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2006. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=648.
Full textTitle from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vi, 47 p. including illustrations and map. Bibliography: p. 38-41.
Doganlar, Murat. "Real exchange rate determination and inflation in Turkey 1957-1990." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU067638.
Full textMakrydakis, Stelios Vassiliou. "Real and financial linkages in the Greek economy : an econometric investigation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315431.
Full textHadian, Ebrahim. "Real exchange rate dynamics and implications for macroeconomic policy in Iran, 1961-92." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32924.
Full textBaker, Josiah R. "An analysis of economic and political reform in command economies : the Polish case." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1993. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/106.
Full textBachelors
Arts and Sciences
Economics
Chiwele, Dennis Kaputo. "Stabilisation, the real wage, employment and welfare : the case of Zambia's formal sector employees." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358175.
Full textEge, A. Y. "Interactions between monetary and real variables in the Turkish economy (1950-1980) : A quantitative study." Thesis, University of Kent, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234050.
Full textDriffield, Tarn Melanie. "Real options theory applied to decision making in health care : a series of case studies." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9771/.
Full textCrosby, N. "The application of equated yield and real value approaches to the market valuation of commercial property investments." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370639.
Full textMuzulu, Joseph. "Real exchange rate depreciation and structural adjustment : the case of the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe (1980-1991)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336181.
Full textMak, Wendy. "China's Long-Term Economic Growth Sustainability: an Empirical Approach." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/158031.
Full textPh.D.
This dissertation focuses on assessing the sustainability of China’s long-term economic growth. The evaluation is performed, first, by examining economic and social issues from the past thirty years that shape China to where it is now, and second, by taking an empirical approach in understanding what factors are critical to China’s economic growth. The empirical model framework consists of three blocks representing the main areas of development in China: economic growth, health and environmental development, and the model is estimated with two-stage least squares methodology. We identify strong, simultaneous feedback between economic growth and health development. The estimation results show that continued improvements in the health status of Chinese workers are important to support stronger economic growth in China. Environmental stress is detrimental to China’s long-term health status, which indirectly reduces the country’s long-term economic potential. We test the robustness of our model, and confirm that, the proposed model setup produce a set of forecast values that are closer to the actual values than a model without health- and environmental-related variables.
Temple University--Theses
Harris, Audrey Lynn. "Economic integration : economic cooperation organization." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1997. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/171.
Full textBachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
St, Aubyn Miguel Pedro Brito. "Evaluating tests for convergence of economic series using Monte Carlo methods with an application to real GDP's per head." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338427.
Full textLopes, Sara Bárbara Dutra. "Real World Economic Scenario Generator." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21442.
Full textNeste trabalho apresentamos uma metodologia para simular a evolução das taxas de juros sob medida de probabilidade real. Mais precisamente, usando o modelo de mercado Shifted Lognormal LIBOR multidimensional e uma especificação do vetor do preço de mercado do risco, explicamos como realizar simulações das taxas de juro futuras, usando o método de Euler-Maruyama com preditor-corretor. A metodologia proposta permite acomodar a presença de taxas de juro negativas, tal como é observado atualmente em vários mercados. Após definir a estrutura livre de default, generalizamos os resultados para incorporar a existência de risco de crédito nos mercados financeiros e desenvolvemos um modelo LIBOR para obrigações com risco de crédito classificadas por ratings. Neste trabalho modelamos diretamente os spreads entre as classificações de ratings de acordo com uma dinâmica estocástica que garante a monotonicidade dos preços dos títulos relativamente às classificações por ratings.
In this work, we present a methodology to simulate the evolution of interest rates under real world probability measure. More precisely, using the multidimensional Shifted Lognormal LIBOR market model and a specification of the market price of risk vector process, we explain how to perform simulations of the real world forward rates in the future, using the Euler-Maruyama scheme with a predictor-corrector strategy. The proposed methodology allows for the presence of negative interest rates as currently observed in many markets. After setting the default-free framework we generalize the results to incorporate the existence of credit risk to our model and develop a LIBOR model for defaultable bonds with credit ratings. We model directly the inter-rating spreads according to a stochastic dynamic that guarantees the monotonicity of bond prices with respect to the credit ratings.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Igbokwe, Okezie. "The impact of infrastructure investment on real growth in Nigeria." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97461.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Nigerian economy has suffered huge infrastructure deficits since her independence in 1960, thereby limiting economic growth potential of the country considerably. This research conducted a Granger causality test between Real Gross Domestic Product, infrastructure investment and productivity across manufacturing, agriculture and industrial sectors in Nigeria for the period 1981 – 2012 using multivariate vector error correction model. The co integration test shows that there is a long run relationship between infrastructure investment and economic growth at both at 1 percent and 5 percent levels of significance. Further, the granger causality test indicated a one way causal relationship between infrastructure investments and economic growth in Nigeria running from infrastructure investment to Real Gross Domestic Product growth. We equally established a one way causality relationship between agriculture sector productivity and gross domestic product growth, a one way causal relationship between manufacturing sector productivity and Real Gross Domestic Product growth and a very significant one way causal relationship that runs from infrastructural investment to agriculture sector productivity, all running from the former to the latter. The economic implication of this is that the existing level of infrastructure investment in Nigeria is a significant contributing factor to growth in the level of rea gross domestic product. However, despite the sustained real gross domestic product growth, the Nigerian government has been unable to translate this growth to physical infrastructure development. We conclude that in order to achieve the double digit economic growth needed for a comprehensive economic transformation of Nigeria, the Nigerian government needs to accord greater priority to infrastructure development, particularly in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors.
Tilley, Luke Alan. "Dynamic Energy Models and Carbon Mitigation Policies." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/201311.
Full textPh.D.
In this dissertation I examine a specific class of energy models and their implications for carbon mitigation policies. The class of models includes a production function capable of reproducing the empirically observed phenomenon of short run rigidity of energy use in response to energy price changes and long run flexibility of energy use in response to energy price changes. I use a theoretical model, parameterized using empirical data, to simulate economic performance under several tax regimes where taxes are levied on capital income, investment, and energy. I also investigate transitions from one tax regime to another. I find that energy taxes intended to reduce energy use can successfully achieve those goals with minimal or even positive impacts on macroeconomic performance. But the transition paths to new steady states are lengthy, making political commitment to such policies very challenging.
Temple University--Theses
Thirumurthy, Harsha. "Household saving behavior and the real interest rate: an empirical study." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1354811060.
Full textEberlein, Marion. "Economic behavior in real effort experiments /." Bonn, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/585688087.pdf.
Full textPhometsi, Mothusi. "Economic evaluation of flexible partitions." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34774.
Full textHulme, Claire Therese. "Real world economic evaluation of rehabilitation services." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272615.
Full textPoltash, Alex. "Repealing Section 1031: The Economic Impact." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1280.
Full textYong, Jaime L. P. "Economic linkages between Australian REITs and the commerical real estate market." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/577.
Full textChui, Wai-ying. "Investment environment of the housing market of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18812545.
Full textCastro, Lavinia Barros de. "História precoce das idéias do Plano Real." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/2759.
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Plano Real foi concebido em três fases: a primeira tinha como função promover um ajuste fiscal que levasse ao "estabelecimento do equilíbrio das contas do Governo, com o objetivo de eliminar a principal causa da inflação brasileira", a segunda fase visava "a criação de um padrão estável de valor denominado Unidade real de Valor - URV"; finalmente, a terceira concedia poder liberatório à unidade de conta e estabelecia "as regras de emissão e lastreamento da nova moeda (REAL) de forma a garantir a sua estabilidade" - etapas definidas pelo próprio governo de acordo com a Exposição de Motivos (E.M.) no̲ 205 de 30 de junho de 1994. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo discutir a concepção teórica de cada uma destas fases, respectivamente.
The Plano Real was conceived to be implemented in three stages: 1) fiscal adjustment: 2) the introduction of a new unity of account (URV): 3) the transformation of the URV in a new currency, the "real", and the establishment of a nominal anchor. Each chapter discusses the theoretical conception of each phase of the plan.
Novy, Andreas. "Emancipatory economic deglobalisation: a Polanyian perspective." Associação Nacional de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Planejamento Urbano e Regional (ANPUR), 2017. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5766/1/5555%2D13695%2D1%2DPB.pdf.
Full textHionis, Jerry Jr. "Non-Parasitic Warlords and Geographical Distance." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216545.
Full textPh.D.
This dissertation presents an extension of the warlord competition models found in Skaperdas (2002) and Konrad and Skaperdas (2012). I consider two non-parasitic warlords located on a line. Each warlord allocates resources for the extraction of natural resources, the production of goods and services, and conflict with the opposing warlord. Within the symmetric rates of seizure model, I use three different forms of the contest success function, a primary tool in the conflict theory literature, in my analysis. I show that the warlord closer to the point of conflict will invest less into the hiring of warriors and more into the production of goods and services, yet wins a larger proportion of total goods and services produced within the economy. Under certain conditions, the placement of the point of conflict at the midpoint between the two warlords maximizes the total resources toward war and minimizes total production. Under the asymmetric rates of seizure model, I find that the warlord closer to the point of conflict invests more in warfare and less in production; that is, results that counter what is found in the symmetric model.
Temple University--Theses
Edge, Paul. "Economic capital, real options and stochastic discount factors." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526379.
Full textTormin, Sérgio. "Déficit público, dívida pública e crescimento econômico: uma análise do período pós-real." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9341.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study is to analyze according to the Keynesian approach the relationship between deficit public, the growth of the public debt, and its implications of the economic activity. The stabilization of the Brazilian economy was followed by deterioration of public finance which the outcome was a severe fiscal disequilibrium and a rise of tax that is not compatible with sustainable economic growth. During the analyzed period, the government through central bank raised interest rate in order to avoid speculation attack against real, in order to limit the devaluation of real, avoiding the so called cost inflation, in order to attract capital inflows to finance the balance of payment, in order to control inflation by reducing consumer expenditure, and the investment expenditure as a result decreasing aggregate demand. The interest rate determined by central bank s reaction raising the finance cost to the government who is the big debtor. This economic policy of high interest rate does not estipulate the economic growth. Besides the maintenance of high interest rate generates volatilities on fiscal budget weakening the government policies against crisis. As government faces difficult time that obligates to raise interest rate the impact on public account is immediately validating the expectation of higher debt since important size of debt relies on the interest rate (Selic), due to maturity shortens and concentration of debt payments. Therefore, the higher the cost of debt on public deficit leads to a smaller impact on aggregate demand and correspond to an increase in the ratio of public debt to gdp, since a good portion of Brazil s debt is denominated in interest rate, representing a source of uncertainty to the economic players which demand a higher risk premium to hold public bonds. In a fiscal policy regime that keeps constant the level of the primary surplus, a financial shock may put the debt ratio along an unstable path and the economy may fall in a bad equilibrium which a negative impact on employment and economic activity
O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, sob uma perspectiva keynesiana, a interrelação entre o déficit público, o crescimento da dívida pública e seus reflexos na atividade econômica. A estabilização da economia brasileira foi marcada por um agravamento das finanças públicas cujas conseqüências foram um desequilíbrio fiscal crônico e um aumento da carga tributária incompatível com o crescimento sustentável. Ao longo do período analisado, o governo, via BACEN, elevou as taxas de juros, ora para evitar o ataque especulativo contra o real, ora para limitar a desvalorização do real, evitando a inflação de custo, ora para atrair capital externo para financiar o saldo em conta corrente da balança de pagamento e ora para combater a inflação, reduzindo o consumo e o investimento e, conseqüentemente, a demanda agregada. A taxa de juros determinada pelo BACEN implica um custo financeiro para o governo, que é o grande devedor. Esta política de juros altos não incentiva o crescimento econômico e torna as contas públicas mais vulneráveis às crises. Caso o governo venha a enfrentar uma dificuldade conjuntural que o obrigue a elevar os juros, o impacto nas contas públicas é imediato, devido à indexação dos títulos públicos à taxa de juros, ao encurtamento dos prazos da dívida e à concentração de vencimentos em poucos dias. Nesse sentido, quanto maior a composição financeira do déficit público, menor será o seu efeito na demanda agregada e maior seu impacto na dívida pública interna, representando uma fonte de incerteza para os agentes econômicos, que passam a demandar um prêmio de risco maior para carregar os papéis do governo, com reflexo negativo para o emprego e atividade econômica
Truedsson, Christian. "Stock Markets and Real Economic Activity : Zooming out to show a broader picture using 12 EU Membership Countries." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44007.
Full textYu, Yong. "Population growth and real asset returns." Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261323551.
Full textBARBOSA, LUCIANA SALLES. "ECONOMIC FEASIBILITIES IN THE REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT MARKET: RISK MANAGEMENT AND REAL OPTIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7064@1.
Full textInvestimentos no mercado imobiliário envolvem grande aporte de capital e baixa liquidez, não sendo incorporados de forma instantânea, apresentando lento payback, além de diversas incertezas econômicas relativas à demanda, preço/m2 e velocidade de vendas, que aumentam o risco percebido dos investidores. Foi analisada a viabilidade econômica de um lançamento imobiliário na cidade do Rio de Janeiro identificando as opções reais relevantes ao empreendimento como a aquisição de informações, opções de adiamento e abandono do projeto, permitindo ao incorporador a escolha de decisões que maximizem o valor de seu empreendimento. Estima-se o valor máximo pago ao proprietário do terreno em função do direito de exclusividade. Ao considerar estratégias de opções inseridas na metodologia de fluxo de caixa descontado, diminui-se exposição de risco (Value-At-Risk) do empreendimento em 50 por cento e aumenta o valor do empreendimento em R$ 3MM. É importante, estabelecer uma cultura empresarial que empregue a teoria de opções de forma a proporcionar um efetivo gerenciamento de risco do empreendimento.
Real Estate investments are characterized by high capital outflows, low liquidity and short payback together with economic uncertainties related to demand, price/m2 and sales speed that increase the risk perceived by investors. It is often the case when the property developer and the land owner sign an agreement where the former obtain the exclusive property rights to construct on the land for a certain period of time against an initial payment. This contract introduces in the real estate investment project the option to wait or abandon development depending on the information gathered from the market during the expiration period. It was analyzed a real estate investment in the city of Rio de Janeiro where the previous Real Options are identified and valued, allowing a better management of the decision process and an effective risk management for the company. It was estimated the ceiling price for the exclusive property rights. The adoption of the Real Option Strategy shows a reduction of 50 percent in the Valueat- Risk with respect to the traditional valuation (that does not considers the real options embedded) and the value of the project increases R$ 3MM.
Crowley, Alison (Alison Rita). "The economic and financial feasibility of food innovation centers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99074.
Full textThesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 125).
A Food Innovation Center (FIC) is an enclosed commercial space comprising a mix of complementary uses pertaining to locally-operated food growing, production, processing, testing, distribution, and sale. These uses include indoor vertical farms, commercial shared-use kitchens for start-up food businesses, rooftop greenhouses, food halls with local, artisanal vendors, and food-related R&D space, among others. While literature exists on the demand for locally produced food, there is still a gap in the industry's knowledge about the financing environment, development costs, and overall rate of success that FICs experience. The research presented in this thesis is intended to provide an overview of existing Food Innovation Centers via data on acquisition, construction, operations, and returns of individual projects. Does the FIC product innovation add value to urban industrial real estate, and is the FIC a feasible model, financially and economically, for industrial development? Survey analysis of 62 FICs and six in-depth case studies show that FICs are more prominently featured in commercial rather than industrial space and operate on a business model in which a developer owns the property but leases to individual tenants operating one of the FIC business components. Financing largely comes from the philanthropic sector, and some of the most ambitious FICs have partnered with municipalities to identify publicly owned land for a nominal ground lease to the city or below-market acquisition. Overall, the FIC product type is still under development, and more must be learned about the lease structures within the PC to generate more robust underwriting standards that will better attract commercial investment. The most proprietary component of FICs are indoor vertical farms, for which the technology supporting the farm systems is still very much in the nascent R&D phase and not yet prepared for commercial diffusion. FICs do, however, have the ability to impact urban residents who lack access to healthy food. Through procurement, distribution, and wholesaling operations that can take place at FICs, regional small farmers can more easily get their produce into an urban area for distribution to residents. Incubator kitchens can provide cost-effective means for urban residents to test their own business models in the food and beverage manufacturing industry, and the roles that FICs play in hosting public events increases the connection between consumers and the food they eat. FICs generate economic growth through their ability to launch small businesses and create stronger and more direct supply chains between farmers, producers, wholesalers, food and beverage providers, and ultimately the consumer.
by Alison Crowley.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
PINTO, JUNIOR Erivam de Jesus Rabelo. "A inflação como fenômeno real e monetário: distintas visões a partir da ortodoxia e heterodoxia econômica." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/2027.
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The cause and effect relationships between the variations in aggregate demand and inflation are distinct and depend on the theoretical approach adopted for the examination of the inflationary process. Excess demand is not always the prime source of inflation. In some cases, the inflation dynamics can be analyzed from some variables that, when generating cost increases, cause an increase in the general level of prices. The conventional approach admits that equilibrium in the labor market is essentially automatic and that inflation is always a consequence of excess demand. From this diagnosis, he concludes that the role of the monetary authority is to control the demand to a level that corresponds to the non-accelerating unemployment inflation rate, through the manipulation of the interest rate. For the Post-Keynesian approach, this view can only be constructed from the idea that money is endogenous and not neutral, which allows one to see inflation not as a result of excess demand, but that the growth of the currency may have been growth of economic costs. On the other hand, the Distributive Conflict approach seeks to understand the inflationary process from the social and political environment of an economy, considering what are the actions and reactions of the various groups that comprise it and the way in which each group takes initiative in the intention to defend income. The formation of the general level of prices occurs in a different way from those that reflect the scarcity of factors of production and from this analysis, the orthodox elements that associate the inflationary process with anenvironment of excess demand is not present. This research presents a theoretical narrative of how the orthodox approach considers that excess or acceleration of demand is capable of causing inflation and, in the face of such a diagnosis, how it should be combated, followed by interventionist discussion, which adds the endogeneity of money in the analysis of the inflationary process and which considers that inflation can occur even before demand reaches the level of full employment. Subsequently, it seeks to delineate the emergence of Structuralist thought, which opposed dominant theories and sought to understand the inflationary dynamics in Latin American countries from their specificities. Such theorists have provided the basis for the approach that is subsequently analyzed, that of Distributive Conflict. For this, the research tries to expose the real cost variables that are used to analyze the inflationary dynamics of an economy in a given time period, then a comparison of how the approaches exposed diverge and converge in relation to the analysis of inflationary dynamics and the mechanisms which must be adopted in pursuit of the equilibrium of the general level of prices.
As relações de causa e efeito entre as variações da demanda agregada e da inflação são distintas e dependem da abordagem teórica adotada para o exame do processo inflacionário. Nem sempre o excesso de demanda é a fonte primeira de inflação. Em determinados casos, a dinâmica inflacionária pode ser analisada a partir de algumas variáveis que, ao gerar aumentos de custos, causam aumento do nível geral de preços. A abordagem convencional admite que o equilíbrio no mercado de trabalho é essencialmente automático e que a inflação é sempre consequência do excesso de demanda. A partir desse diagnóstico, conclui que o papel da autoridade monetária é controlar a demanda para um nível que corresponda à taxa de desemprego não aceleradora da inflação, através da manipulação da taxa de juros. Para a abordagem Pós-Keynesiana, essa visão só pode ser construída a partir da ideia de que a moeda é endógena e não neutra, o que permite enxergar a inflação não como resultante do excesso de demanda, mas que o crescimento da moeda pode ter sido antecedido pelo crescimento dos custos da economia. Por outro lado, a abordagem do Conflito Distributivo busca entender o processo inflacionário a partir do ambiente social e político de uma economia, considerando quais são as ações e reações dos diversos grupos que a compõem e a maneira como cada grupo toma iniciativa na intenção de defender sua participação na renda. A formação do nível geral de preços ocorre de forma distinta daqueles que refletem a escassez de fatores de produção e a partir dessa análise, os elementos ortodoxos que associam o processo inflacionário a um ambiente de excesso de demanda não se faz presente. Esta pesquisa apresenta uma narrativa teórica de como a abordagem ortodoxa considera que o excesso ou a aceleração da demanda é capaz de causar inflação e, diante de tal diagnostico, como ela deve ser combatida, seguida da discussão intervencionista, que adiciona a endogeneidade da moeda na análise do processo inflacionário e que considera que a inflação pode ocorrer mesmo antes da demanda alcançar o nível de pleno emprego. Posteriormente, procura delinear o surgimento do pensamento Estruturalista, que se opôs às teorias dominantes e que buscou entender a dinâmica inflacionária nos países LatinoAmericanos a partir de suas especificidades. Tais teóricos ofereceram as bases para a abordagem que é analisada subsequentemente, a do Conflito Distributivo. Para isso, a pesquisa trata de expor as variáveis reais de custo que são utilizadas para analisar a dinâmica inflacionária de uma economia em determinado período temporal, depois uma comparação de como as abordagens expostas divergem e convergem em relação à análise da dinâmica inflacionária e os mecanismos que devem ser adotados em busca do equilíbrio do nível geral de preços.
Zhao, Jin. "The implications of economic distance for real estate research." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707935.
Full textSun, Fang. "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF SFAS 158." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/114458.
Full textPh.D.
In this dissertation, I investigate the economic consequences of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158 (SFAS 158). SFAS 158 requires firms to move pension funding status from the footnotes to the balance sheet. Moving pension funding status from a footnote to the balance sheet improves the transparency and understandability of pension accounting, however it at the same time increases the pension liability recognized and decreases the shareholder's equity reported for firms with underfunded pension plans. I investigate whether firms take actions to mitigate the impact of SFAS 158. I also examine whether the market perceptions of the risk and cost of capital differ because of SFAS 158. I first find that while firms reduce the non-pension debt to equity ratio to minimize the cost of SFAS 158, they did not use discretionary accruals to offset the impact of SFAS 158. One interpretation of these findings is that firms' potential responses to the rule depend on the costs and benefits associated with that discretionary behavior. While accrual manipulations do not affect either real operations or cash flows, aggressive accrual manipulations can increase the probability of a qualified opinion from auditors, and financial penalties from regulators (SEC litigation). In contrast, real activity manipulation is more opaque than accounting earnings management, making it more difficult to detect by shareholders, SEC regulators, or auditors. I then find that the market perceived risk proxied by total equity risk increased after SFAS 158. However, I fail to find that the increased total equity risk is generally priced by the equity capital markets. Further analysis indicates that bond spread yield decreases after SFAS 158 for firms with underfunded pension plans, suggesting different behavior of debt investors and equity investors. This finding might be explained by the rich information environment specific to the debt market. Compared with the equity market, the debt market includes mainly sophisticated investors. Sophisticated investors have access to more firm-specific information than other investors. Given their access to potentially more informative data, the debt market response to SFAS 158 is different from the equity market. This dissertation contributes to the debate regarding the effectiveness of the pension accounting reforms incorporated in SFAS 158, and is useful to legislators, regulators, and researchers in assessing the anticipated costs and benefits of SFAS 158. In addition, this study lends support to the stream of research which documents that managers take actions to achieve certain financial reporting goals in response to new accounting rules. This study also provides insight into how firms take real actions to minimize the cost of having an under-funded defined benefit pension plan. Understanding these relationships have implications for interpreting pension numbers reported in the financial statements and designing pension accounting rules that prevent or minimize the possibility that managers take advantage of the complexity and subjectivity associated with pension accounting to influence reported earnings. Finally, this study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the importance and necessity of considering investor sophistication in studies on recognition vs. disclosure.
Temple University--Theses
Verónico, Fábio Manuel Airosa. "Corporate Diversification: A Real Options Approach." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117722.
Full textVerónico, Fábio Manuel Airosa. "Corporate Diversification: A Real Options Approach." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117722.
Full textLaPoint, Cameron. "Essays on the Japanese Economy." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-1an6-dt21.
Full textGonçalves, Adriana Pinto. "Mudança Organizacional: A transição de EDP Gás para REN Portgás." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117207.
Full textFerreira, Ricardo Jorge Maia. "The Venture Capitalist Investment Decision: A Dynamic Real Options Approach." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117580.
Full textPinto, Bruno Duarte Durães. "FDI under political risk and competition, a real options approach." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/116930.
Full textPinto, Bruno Duarte Durães. "FDI under political risk and competition, a real options approach." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/116930.
Full textGonçalves, Adriana Pinto. "Mudança Organizacional: A transição de EDP Gás para REN Portgás." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117207.
Full textFerreira, Ricardo Jorge Maia. "The Venture Capitalist Investment Decision: A Dynamic Real Options Approach." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117580.
Full textGomes, Anselmo Manuel Silva. "Early Stage Biopharmaceutical R&D Financing: A Real Options Approach." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87903.
Full textMonpays, Juliette Marie. "BIG DATA IN HEALTHCARE: Real World Evidence in price and reimbursement." Master's thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108632.
Full textGomes, Anselmo Manuel Silva. "Early Stage Biopharmaceutical R&D Financing: A Real Options Approach." Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87903.
Full textMonpays, Juliette Marie. "BIG DATA IN HEALTHCARE: Real World Evidence in price and reimbursement." Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108632.
Full textKumar, Jiguita Manish. "The risk variable in a sequential investment option: a Real Options' approach." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/86104.
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