Academic literature on the topic 'Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries"
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Abdelgadir, Ayman K., Omer A. Abu Elzein, and Faris Hameed. "Social Priorities of Less Developed Countries Sustainable Housing (Case of Sudan)." Academic Research Community publication 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v3i1.428.
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Sustainable development and sustainable housing indicators are a response to the trend of adopting sustainable development objectives, adopted by most countries, especially developed and less developed countries. It is difficult to implement indicators developed for a developing country context in other contexts with different social, economic and environmental conditions. Social sustainability is the most important priority regarding evaluating the housing development projects in the developed and less developed countries. Economic conditions is linked in many aspects to the social sustainability indicators. Environmental indicators are important, but the less developed countries in general has a very low environmental foot prints, this is because the industry sector is usually week comparing to the developed countries. This paper reviews the sustainable housing indicators, with a focus on United Nations reports and indicators developed for contexts similar to study area, without ignoring the most reputable indicators developed for developing countries context. The research came with a set of indicators reflects the social priorities of the new housing development in Sudan. A questionnaire participants decided the relative important of each indicator and also the importance of the parameters of each indicator. Developing a set of social priorities for Sudan will give extra efficiency in promoting and assessing sustainability in the study area. Description of the questionnaire results which reflects the national social sustainable housing development priorities are discussed. The researches came with a set of recommendations to enhance the social aspects for new housing development projects in Sudan. Using this set of priorities and recommendations will give extra efficiency in promoting and assessing sustainability in the study area.
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Ahmat, Idriss, and Soumaila Kanoute. "DEVELOPING JOINT PROJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND AFRICAN COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION ON THE CONTINENT." Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya 22, no. 5 (2022): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2022-5-54-71.
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Various aspects of cooperation between Russia and the countries of the African continent, following the path of political, socio-economic, scientific and technological development are considered. The progressive development of trade and economic relations between Russia and the countries of the African continent, as well as ensuring growth in the field of energy, agriculture, use of mineral resources, development of infrastructure and high technology are analyzed. The necessity of development of joint projects between Russia and African countries in the context of regional integration on the continent is assessed.
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Roy, Hridoy, Samiha Raisa Alam, Rayhan Bin-Masud, Tonima Rahman Prantika, Md Nahid Pervez, Md Shahinoor Islam, and Vincenzo Naddeo. "A Review on Characteristics, Techniques, and Waste-to-Energy Aspects of Municipal Solid Waste Management: Bangladesh Perspective." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 10265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610265.
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has become a major concern for developing countries. The physical and chemical aspects of MSW management and infrastructure need to be analyzed critically to solve the existing socio-economic problem. Currently, MSW production is 2.01 billion tonnes/yr. In developing countries, improper management of MSW poses serious environmental and public health risks. Depending on the socio-economic framework of a country, several MSW management procedures have been established, including landfilling, thermal treatment, and chemical treatment. Most of the MSW produced in underdeveloped and developing countries such as Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan is dumped into open landfills, severely affecting the environment. Waste-to-Energy (WTE) projects based on thermal treatments, e.g., incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification, can be feasible alternatives to conventional technologies. This research has explored a comprehensive method to evaluate MSW characteristics and management strategies from a global and Bangladesh perspective. The benefits, challenges, economic analysis, and comparison of MSW-based WTE projects have been analyzed concisely. Implementing the WTE project in developing countries can reduce unsupervised landfill and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Alternative solutions and innovations have been discussed to overcome the high capital costs and infrastructural deficiencies. By 2050, Bangladesh can establish a total revenue (electricity sales and carbon credit revenue) of USD 751 million per year in Dhaka and Chittagong only. The landfill gas (LFG) recovery, waste recycling. and pyrolysis for energy production, syngas generation, and metal recovery are possible future directions of MSW management. The MSW management scenario in developing countries can be upgraded by improving waste treatment policies and working with government, academicians, and environmentalists together.
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Chamorro, Alondra, and Susan Tighe. "Development and Application of a Sustainable Management System for Unpaved Rural Road Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (September 15, 2019): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119864908.
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For the sustainable management of rural roads, social, institutional, technical, economic and environmental aspects should be considered under a long-term perspective. The current practice in developing countries is that only some of these key sustainable aspects are considered in the management process. In addition, rural roads maintenance management is commonly performed under a short-term basis, not considering the life-cycle costs and benefits in the economic analysis and project prioritization. This paper presents the development of a sustainable management system for rural road networks and its application in developing countries. The approach considers the development of a sustainable framework, application of a network-level condition evaluation methodology, condition performance models for gravel and earth roads, cost-effective maintenance standards, a long-term prioritization procedure that accounts for sustainable aspects, and a computer tool that integrates the system components. The management system has been applied and validated in two unpaved rural road networks in developing countries, located in Chile and Paraguay. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the impacts of input parameters in the performance of developed system. As a result of the research an adaptable and adoptable sustainable management system for rural networks has been developed to assist local road agencies in developing countries.
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Baurzhan, Saule, Glenn P. Jenkins, and Godwin O. Olasehinde-Williams. "The Economic Performance of Hydropower Dams Supported by the World Bank Group, 1975–2015." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 2673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092673.
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This paper assesses the economic benefits of 57 World Bank Group-sponsored hydropower dam plant investments. Hydropower dams are among the main sources for producing electricity and the largest renewable source for power generation throughout the world. Hydropower dams are often a lower-cost option for power generation in Clean Energy Transition for addressing global climate change. Despite its conspicuous aspects, constructing hydropower dams has been controversial. Considering the World Bank’s long history as the largest hydropower development financier, this study investigates its performance in supporting hydropower dams. The outcomes of this study apply to the wider hydropower development community. Of the projects in this study, 70% experienced a cost overrun, and more than 80% of projects experienced time overruns, incurring potential additional costs as a result. Despite the high cost and time overruns, this hydropower portfolio of dams produced a present value of net economic benefits by 2016 of over half a trillion USD. Based on our findings, the evaluated hydropower portfolio helped avoid over a billion tonnes of CO2 for an estimated global environmental benefit valued at nearly USD 350 billion. The projects’ additional environmental benefits raise the real rate of return from 15.4% to 17.3%. The implication for hydropower developers is that the projects’ assessment should consider cost and time overrun and factor them into the project-planning contingency scenarios. There is a considerable benefit for developing countries to exploit their hydropower resources if they can be developed according to industry practices and international standards. The case for developing hydropower may be stronger when considering its climate benefits. The net economic benefits of hydropower can be even higher if there is a greater effort to manage cost and time overruns.
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Kashiwabara, Keigo. "Opini Publik dan Politik Luar Negeri: Sikap Masyarakat Indonesia terhadap ODA Jepang dalam Proyek PLTA Koto Panjang dan Hubungan Bilateral Indonesia-Jepang." Indonesian Perspective 1, no. 1 (June 2, 2016): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ip.v1i1.10478.
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Japan has been playing an important role in the international society, especially in the field of the development of developing countries, through its ODA (Official Development Assistance). Indonesia, which has the biggest economic potential in Southeast Asia, is the largest recipient of Japanese ODA. Economic cooperation through ODA now functions as the core of the amicable bilateral relations between the two countries. However, ODA alternatively has had some negative aspects on its recipients. Some of the ODA projects (called Mondai-ankens) have actually triggered various problems at project sites and have consequently afflicted the local people. The most well-known mondai-anken that aroused national discussion on ODA policy is Koto Panjang Hydropower Plant Project implemented in Riau Province, in 1991-1997. The local community has been critical of Japanese ODA since the implementation of the project, which was done in a coercive manner under the Soeharto administration, caused costly damage to the local people such as poverty, scarcity of food, environmental destructuion, and so on. Although the mondai-anken issue caused considerable damage to the recipient country’s people, and the local commnity filed a complaint to the donor country, this issue had no political impact to the bilateral relations between the two countries.Keywords: ODA (Official Depelopment Assistance), Mondai-anken, Economic cooperation, Japan, Indonesia
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Lukyanets, Artem S., Canh Toan Nguyen, and Evgeniya M. Moiseeva. "Economic efficiency of the nuclear power industry and social aspects of its development." RUDN Journal of Economics 26, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 598–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2018-26-4-598-608.
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The article attempts to develop a system of parameters for an objective and comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of the nuclear power industry in terms of its contribution to the country’s economic and social development, as well as its environmental well-being and its geopolitical position. Currently, nuclear power industry makes up a significant part of the energy supplies in the developed countries throughout the world. However, in the developing economies, including those of East and Southeast Asia, it plays a less prominent role. Nevertheless, in recent years, China has been the leader in commissioning new atomic facilities, thanks to the consistent implementation of its state program for the development of the nuclear power industry. Forecasts indicate that in the near future, the share of atomic energy will remain stable and account for about 10 % of all global energy capacity, which is confirmed by the estimates made during the study. However, in the long term nuclear energy cannot be ignored as an economically efficient and environmentally friendly source of energy, as well as a factor in improving the quality of life of the population when developing a strategy for the sustainable development of a country. The article examines the already existing assessment criteria for the economic efficiency of nuclear power plants (NPPs), and proposes new standards for the assessment of its contribution to the development of the community and a country’s stance on the global political stage. The article also identifies the main obstacles to the further development of the industry in the modern world. The research showed that the main specific feature of an NPP operation from the economic point of view is extremely high initial construction and commissioning costs, with relatively low further operation costs, which determines long payback lines and liquidity shortages reducing the attractiveness of such projects for potential investors. These peculiarities determine the leading role of state authorities in the launch, operation and modernization of nuclear power facilities.
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Pinard, M. I., C. S. Gourley, and P. A. K. Greening. "Rethinking Traditional Approaches to Low-Volume Road Provision in Developing Countries." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-12.
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Low-volume roads (LVRs) constitute an integral component of the road system in all developing countries, where their importance extends to all aspects of the social and economic development of rural communities. However, the original documentation relating to the provision of such roads is based in many respects on technology and research carried out in Europe and the United States some 30 to 40 years ago in environments very different from those prevailing in developing countries. As a result, these traditional approaches are often inappropriate for application in developing countries. Moreover, they tend to focus on the technical environment of road provision, with inadequate consideration of other interrelated environments that critically influence the types of LVRs that should be provided. As a result, a need for new, more holistic approaches to low-volume road provision has been engendered to satisfy the various needs of rural communities in a more sustainable manner. The objective of this discussion is to provide an insight into new, more holistic and sustainable approaches to the provision of LVRs in developing countries. Embodied in these new approaches is a need to rethink the old ways of providing such roads based on research and development work that has been carried out in these countries during the past 20 years. Examples include aspects of planning and project appraisal, geometric and pavement design, construction and drainage, and environmental issues, all of which need to be reconsidered in a more appropriate manner.
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Goklany, Indur M. "Evidence to the House of Lords Select Committee on Economic Affairs on Aspects of the Economics of Climate Change." Energy & Environment 16, no. 3-4 (July 2005): 607–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0958305054672312.
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Dependence of damage estimates upon assumptions of economic growth and technological development Greater economic growth could, by increasing emissions, lead to greater damages from climate change. On the other hand, by increasing wealth and advancing technological development and human capital, economic growth would also increase a society's adaptive capacity and reduce those damages. Although analyses of the impacts (or damages) of climate change generally incorporate economic growth into the emissions and climate change scenarios that they use as inputs, these analyses do not adequately account for the increase in adaptive capacity resulting from that very growth. Because of this inconsistency, these analyses generally tend to overstate impacts. For instance, the average GDP per capita for developing countries in 2100 is projected to be $11,000 (in 1990 US$, at market exchange rates) under A2, the slowest economic growth scenario, and $66,500 under A1, the scenario with both the greatest economic growth and largest climate change. By comparison, in 1990 the GDP per capita for Greece, for example, was $8,300 while Switzerland, the country with the highest income level at that time, had a GDP per capita of $34,000. Based on historical experience, one should expect that at the high levels of GDP per capita projected by the IPCC scenarios in 2100, wealth-driven increases in adaptive capacity alone should virtually eliminate damages from many climate-sensitive hazards, e.g., malaria and hunger, whether or not these damages are caused by climate change. Current damage estimates are inflated further because they usually do not adequately account for secular (time-dependent) improvements in technology that, if history is any guide, ought to occur in the future unrelated to economic development. A compelling argument for reducing greenhouse gases is that it would help developing countries cope with climate change. It is asserted that they need this help because their adaptive capacity is weak. Although often true today, this assertion becomes increasingly invalid in the future if developing countries become wealthier and more technologically advanced, per the IPCC's scenarios. Damage assessments frequently overlook this. Are scenario storylines internally consistent in light of historical experience? Regardless of whether the economic growth assumptions used in the IPCC scenarios are justified, their specifications regarding the relationship between wealth and technological ability are, in general, inconsistent with the lessons of economic history. They assume that the less wealthy societies depicted by the B1 and B2 scenarios would have greater environmental protection and employ cleaner and more efficient technologies than the wealthier society characterized by the A1F1 scenario. This contradicts general experience in the real world, where richer countries usually have cleaner technologies. Under the IPCC scenarios, the richer A1 world has the same population as the poorer B1 world, but in fact total fertility rates — a key determinant of population growth rates — are, by and large, lower for richer nations and, over time, have dropped for any given level of GDP per capita (Goklany 2001a). Merits of reallocating expenditures from mitigation to international development Halting climate change at its 1990 level would annually cost substantially more than the $165 billion estimated for the minimally-effective Kyoto Protocol. According to DEFRA-sponsored studies, in 2085, which is at the limit of the foreseeable future, such a halt would reduce the total global population at risk (PAR) due to both climate change and non-climate-change-related causes by 3 percent for malaria, 21 percent for hunger, and 86 percent for coastal flooding, although the total PAR for water shortage might well increase. The benefits associated with halting climate change — and more — can be obtained more economically through “focused adaptation”, i.e., activities focused on reducing vulnerabilities to the above noted climate-sensitive hazards, or through broadly advancing sustainable development in developing countries by meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. In fact, such efforts, which together could annually cost donor countries $150 billion according to UN Millennium Project and World Health Organization studies, should reduce global malaria, hunger, poverty, and lack of access to safe water and sanitation by 50 percent (each); reduce child and maternal mortality by at least 66 percent; provide universal primary education; and reverse growth in AIDS/HIV, and other major diseases. These numbers also indicate that no matter how important climate change might be in this century, for the next several decades it would be far more beneficial for human well-being, especially in developing countries, to deal with non-climate change related factors. Not only would either focused adaptation or adherence to the MDGs provide greater benefits at lesser costs through the foreseeable future than would any emission reduction scheme, they would help solve today's urgent problems sooner and more certainly. Equally important, they would also increase the ability to deal with tomorrow's problems, whether they are caused by climate change or other factors. None of these claims can be reasonably made on behalf of any mitigation scheme today. Accordingly, over the next few decades the focus of climate policy should be to: (a) broadly advance sustainable development, particularly in developing countries since that would generally enhance their adaptive capacity to cope with the many urgent problems they currently face, including many that are climate-sensitive, (b) specifically reduce vulnerabilities to climate-sensitive problems that are urgent today and might be exacerbated by future climate change, and (c) implement “no-regret” emission reduction measures, while (d) concurrently striving to expand the universe of no-regret options through research and development to increase the variety and cost-effectiveness of available mitigation options. Ancillary benefits associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions Some GHG emission control options might provide substantial co-benefits by concurrently reducing problems not directly caused by climate change (e.g., air pollution or lack of sustained economic growth, especially in developing countries). However, in both these instances, the same, or greater, level of co-benefits can be obtained more economically by directly attacking the specific (non-climate change related) problems rather than indirectly through greenhouse gas control. On the other hand, a direct assault on the numerous climate-sensitive hurdles to sustainable development (e.g., hunger, malaria, and many natural disasters) would, as indicated, provide greater benefits more cost-effectively than would efforts to mitigate climate change.
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Natsvlishvili, Ia. "Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility in the Context of a Moral Economy: Dilemma for Developing Countries (Case of Georgia)." Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ngoe-2018-0022.
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Abstract This research discusses the role of social entrepreneurship as an important feature of the moral economy, i.e., a socially responsible business practice. Developing countries, e.g., Georgia, a post-Soviet country, differ from those in the West in this aspect. The author aims to identify peculiarities of social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility of Georgian businesses. Desk research provides conceptual analysis of the existing quantitative and qualitative studies, based on prominent scientists’ works in economics and entrepreneurship. A “moral economy” understands business activities as “social services.” Social responsibility is a business’s moral framework, suggesting a company’s obligation to generate social benefit. Social entrepreneurship combines the best practices from the nonprofit and for-profit activities to tackle social needs poorly addressed by businesses and governments. Social entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon in post-Soviet countries, where nongovernmental organizations help in solving many social problems, but their efforts are typically insufficient. Entrepreneurs must find a balance between a company’s success, employees’ needs, and environmental and social stability. These three priorities form the foundations of corporate social responsibility. Economic history provides many examples of moral standards driving the stability of a socio-economic system and profitability of companies with macroeconomic and microeconomic positive impacts. Companies operating in Georgia spend their funds on social projects and charity; moreover, such socially oriented activities are sometimes chaotic. Companies need to implement social responsibility projects as part of their business plans. Strengthening corporate social responsibility could thus support development of social entrepreneurship.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries"
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Ahammed, A. K. M. Rafique. "Development of environmental impact assessment in Bangladesh." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enva285.pdf.
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Gentry, Terry A. "Sustainable Development in the Third World: A New Paradigm?" PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4905.
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Over the past decade '"Sustainable Development" (SD) has emerged as the latest development catchphrase. A wide range of nongovernmental as well as governmental organizations have embraced it as the new paradigm of development. A review of the literature that has sprung up around the concept of SD indicates, however, a lack of consistency in its interpretation. More important, while the all-encompassing nature of the concept gives it political strength, its current formulation by the mainstream of SD thinking contains significant weaknesses. These include an incomplete perception of the problems of poverty and environmental degradation, and confusion about the role of economic growth and about the concept of sustainability. The purpose of this study was to identify common elements in a political economy of the environment, relating environmental change to the dynamics of ideology and policy, and at different levels of political complexity. The intention was to provide a structural analysis of the environment in which the development process illuminates environmental change at both a philosophical and material level. The problem in achieving SD was related to the overriding structures of the international economic system, which have arisen out of the exploitation of environmental resources, and which frequently operate as constraints on the achievement of long-term sustainable practices. Insufficient accounting of ecological aspects of economic growth and development has resulted from intellectual traditions, where solutions are formulated, point in different directions. Conclusions are drawn that SD involves trade-offs between biological, economic and social systems and is found in the interactive zone between these systems. There are a number of international factors that may be necessary, but insufficient, conditions for SD on a national level, including peace, debt reduction, and more propitious terms of trade. There was seen dilemmas relating to SD, including the role of growth as the unquestioned objective of economic policy.
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Biswas, Margaret Rose. "FAO : its history and its achievements during the first four decades, 1945-1985." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0b79db50-0d09-422e-8a11-d0ef8e9d47c3.
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Kelly, Philip F. (Philip Francis). "Development as degradation : aquaculture, mangrove deforestation and entitlements in Batan, Philippines." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69616.
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This thesis examines pond aquaculture as a development strategy in the Philippines, with particular reference to its impact on the local environment and the livelihoods of local people.A theoretical framework is provided by recent literature in development studies and human geography, which attempts to move away from an essentialist and ethnocentric development praxis, and towards a locally-based, participatory process of empowerment. From the perspective of such 'alternative' development ideas, orthodox strategies involving modernization, formalization of economic activities, and resource mobilization, can be reassessed.
The promotion of pond aquaculture--and the widespread mangrove deforestation associated with it--is shown to be a strategy endorsed and supported by national and international development agencies. What is often overlooked, however, is the local ecological and economic importance of mangrove ecosystems. This study examines the effects of mangrove removal and fishpond development on the entitlements of people in three coastal communities in the Philippines. Aquacultural development is shown to have detrimental effects on the integrity of the coastal ecosystem and the livelihoods of certain groups of local residents; a rich common property resource is converted into a privately-owned system of cultivation. While benefits accrue to those with access to the capital necessary for the construction of fishponds, the costs of development are borne largely by mangrove gatherers and artisanal fisherfolk, whose share of a diminishing resource base is steadily declining. For these marginal groups, aquaculture is shown to provide few compensating economic benefits.
The study supports, through concrete local evidence, the criticisms made of orthodox approaches to development, and the need to construct attitudes and strategies which are more attuned to local sustainability and equity.
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Pierre-Pierre, Valérie. "Considering the social and cultural dimensions of development : an analysis of the use of social impact assessment at the Canadian International Development Agency." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9765.
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CIDA, the leading Canadian agency in the area of international assistance, is responsible for
approximately 78% of the country's aid budget. The Agency's mandate to "support sustainable
development in developing countries, in order to reduce poverty and contribute to a more secure,
equitable, and prosperous world" indicates that the Agency is concerned with social and cultural
factors. However, CIDA does not have any specific mechanisms or tools such as SIA to help
achieve its social and cultural sustainability goals.
The objectives of this thesis were: a) to develop an analytical framework for undertaking and
analysing SIA, and b) to compare CIDA's SIA-related strategies, procedures and mechanisms as
they stand now to what is stated in the literature, so as to indicate how and when the Agency uses
them, and also to assess their quality and effectiveness. The overarching question that
constituted the pillar of this thesis was a two-pronged question: Do CIDA's strategies,
procedures and mechanisms equal SIA without being SIA? And are those strategies, procedures
and mechanisms adequate to cover issues that are normally dealt with through traditional SIA?
This question was answered through 1) the application of the analytical framework on two
proposals submitted to CIDA, and 2) an analysis of CIDA's SIA-related procedures based on the
framework, key informant interviews, and a review of the literature on the Agency's policies,
guidelines, and practices.
Based on the literature review, the application of the analytical framework, and on the comments
of the informants, the need for an SIA-type procedure for assessing social and cultural effects
and impacts for CIDA funding is suggested. Such a practice might very well clarify the
Agency's requirements in relation to the consideration of social and cultural factors in the
development of projects. Also, it is important to stress that the process should not be reduced to
a bureaucratic procedure blindly applied.
CIDA could go without formulating a distinct protocol for SIA, as it already has several project
planning tools and procedures that could lend themselves very well to the purpose of SIA.
Indeed, the Agency's results-based management (RBM) framework could be altered so as to
make it more holistic in that it would take into consideration both intended and unintended
effects and impacts, and would better take into account social and cultural factors. The
application of the logical framework analysis (LFA) can also be expanded to achieve similar
goals. Further, the Agency could focus on developing a more integrated and comprehensive type
of impact assessment that would touch on all the required types of assessments.
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Laisani, John. "Assessment of impact of corporate social responsiblity on sustainable development of Shamva Mining Community in Zimbabwe." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/858.
Full textBooks on the topic "Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries"
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Ecological sustainability and project appraisal: Case studies in developing countries. Aldershot: Avebury, 1993.
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Project appraisal and valuation of the environment: General principles and six case-studies in developing countries. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Press, 1996.
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author, Lokanc Martin, Nair Arvind author, and Kannan Sridar P. author, eds. The extractive industries sector: Essentials for economists, public finance professionals, and policy makers. Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2015.
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Canada, Earthscan, and Probe International, eds. Odious debts: Loose lending, corruption, and the Third World's environmental legacy. London: Earthscan Canada, 1991.
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Lewins, Roger. Voices from the margins: Consensus building and planning with the poor in Bangladesh. Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing, 2007.
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Lewins, Roger. Voices from the margins: Consensus building and planning with the poor in Bangladesh. Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing, 2007.
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Lewins, Roger. Voices from the margins: Consensus building and planning with the poor in Bangladesh. Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing, 2007.
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Lewins, Roger. Voices from the margins: Consensus building and planning with the poor in Bangladesh. Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing, 2007.
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Dreĭer, O. K. Ecological problems of developing countries. Dehli [India]: Ajanta Publications, 1989.
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Robertson, David. Environment, GATT, and developing countries. Canberra, ACT: National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries"
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Marmolejo-Rebellón, Luis Fernando, Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña, and Patricia Torres-Lozada. "Organic Waste Composting at Versalles: An Alternative That Contributes to the Economic, Social and Environmental Well-Being of Stakeholders." In Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking, 147–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36283-6_7.
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AbstractComposting is one of the most widely used technologies for the recovery and use of organic waste from municipal solid waste (MSW); however, its implementation in some developing countries has mostly been ineffective. This chapter documents the experience of the composting of municipal organic waste in the urban area of the municipality of Versalles, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Within the locality, composting of organic waste occurs at an MSW management plant (SWMP), after being separated at the source and selectively collected. The information presented was generated through collaborative research projects, conducted with the cooperation of Camino Verde APC (a community-based organisation providing sanitation services) and Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia). The evaluations undertaken show that (i) within the locality, high rates of separation, at the source, in conjunction with selective collection and efficient waste sorting and classification processes in the SWMP, have significantly facilitated the composting process; (ii) the incorporation of locally available amendment or bulking materials (e.g. star grass and cane bagasse) improves the physicochemical quality of the processed organic waste and favours development (i.e. a reduction in process time), leading to an improvement in product quality; (iii) the operation, maintenance and monitoring of the composting process can be carried out by previously trained local human talent; and (iv) revenues from the sale of the final product (compost) are not sufficient to cover the operating costs of the composting process. Despite this current lack of financial viability, the application of technology entails environmental benefits (e.g. a reduction in the generation of greenhouse gases) and social benefits (e.g. employment opportunities), which, given the conditions in the municipality studied, highlight the relevance of this technological option.
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Batabyal, Amitrajeet A., and Hamid Beladi. "ASPECTS OF THE THEORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." In Dynamic and Stochastic Approaches to the Environment and Economic Development, 213–26. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812772015_0012.
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Padigala, Bhaskar. "Exploring City Branding as a Tool to Conserve Urban Green Infrastructure in Developing Countries." In Strategic Place Branding Methodologies and Theory for Tourist Attraction, 112–39. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0579-2.ch006.
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Cities are aggressively pushing themselves to become global destinations for economic activities resulting in various environmental stresses. The situation in developing countries such as India is not too different either. Cities are reinventing themselves to emerge as a global destination to attract talent, investment and tourism. City Branding is one such marketing strategy wherein key aspect(s) of a city (cultural, environmental, infrastructure, etc.) is used to project it as a brand, thus garnering competitive advantages and co benefits. This article, however, examines the city branding tool in a different perspective. By reviewing branding theories, concepts and case studies, this article explores the possible use of city branding strategy in conserving and promoting green infrastructure. Theoretical assessments undertaken in this article indicate that city branding has a potential to contribute positively towards cities' developmental aspirations and improving the quality of life of its citizens, leading to an environmentally sustainable urban development in India.
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Hassan, Viana Imad, Mohamad Saad El Dine Knio, and Georges Bellos. "A Triple Bottom Line Analysis of the Smart Cities Projects in GCC Countries." In Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals, 1–21. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch001.
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Cities are tackling their economic, social, and environmental challenges through smart city solutions. To demonstrate that these solutions achieve the desired impact, an indicator-based assessment system is needed. This chapter presents the process of developing CITYkeys performance measurement systems for target setting and monitoring. This European smart city indicator framework was developed by analyzing cities' needs, existing indicators, and gaps. The current research sets out to review several indicators, KPI, and performance measurements, along other indicator frameworks on the case studies involving the conceptualisation, development, and monitoring of smart cities in Lebanon and in Malta for comparative purposes. For this purpose, a mixed methods approach was adopted, whereby both interviews and structured surveys were used to collect primary data pertaining to the analyses of the respectively investigated smart cities.
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"Dicussions and Conclusion." In Decision Support for Construction Cost Control in Developing Countries, 341–54. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9873-4.ch011.
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The rationale for this publication emanated from the challenges facing the efficient delivery of construction projects in developing countries. Although, some aspects of the book focus on key applications in Cameroon, a holistic approach was adopted where an overview of challenges related to construction for developing countries was considered. To re-focus issues addressed in this book, this last Chapter provides a summary of what has been covered in each Chapter. Also, major achievements and challenges will be discussed. Nevertheless a construction matter can not be seriously handled today without taking into account environmental issues. For this reason, we will say just a few words about environment. Indeed, wherever infrastructures in general and buildings in particular through production and emission of toxic matters and gas have harmful consequences on the environment. They must be assessed and monitored to reduce the risk of pollution. Among many environmental assessment methods, life cycle assessment (LCA) seems to be the most suitable. Wherever, it involves a lot of data and must be handling with a lot of caution. The life cycle assessment tools used in developed countries is not suitable in developing countries context. It should be benefit for them to develop a simple and suitable methodology easy to manage, in order to propose an environmental impacts measurement of construction projects' and buildings. The High Environmental Quality, which a priori ensures minimized environmental impact and promotes the principles of sustainable development, is the solution that seems best suited for the design of many social infrastructures projected in developing countries. This is going to be for them the future challenge for the next decades.
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Ostojić, Ivana, and Sanja Stojković Zlatanović. "INSIGHTS INTO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTIONS – REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK." In Regional Law Review, 282–92. Institute of Comparative Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/iup_rlrc.2022.3.ch18.
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Development Finance Institutions are legally independent, state-supported institutions that foster sustainable development through private sector investments in developing and underdeveloped countries. Their role is not only financial and investment, but this type of institution is also focused on achieving sustainable development goals such as job creation, poverty reduction, financing of micro, small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurs, as well as on supporting projects of environmental protection, energy efficiency, renewable energy sources. Giving a brief sketch of the conceptual ground and practical significance of DFIs, the paper provides insights into the regulatory and institutional framework of countries of the region in this field, by using normative and comparative methods. Accordingly, recommendations in terms of tackling the global challenges i.e. sustainable economic growth, social inequalities, and environmental protection ought to be identified based on the analysis of the Slovenian, Croatian and Serbian legislation in the developing finance sector and on the ground of critical consideration of national normative and institutional solutions.
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Rosenzweig, Cynthia, and Daniel Hillel. "Climate, Society, and Sustainable Development: Assessing Vulnerability, Building Adaptive Capacity." In Climate Variability and the Global Harvest. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195137637.003.0013.
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Agriculture and food security, water resources, ecosystems, natural disasters, and human health are all affected significantly by short-term fluctuations of weather and by longer-term changes of climate. Such effects can be severe enough to disrupt national and regional economies, particularly in developing countries, thus exacerbating poverty and thwarting sustainable development in both the short and long term. Developed and developing countries differ in their vulnerability to the effects of climate and in their capacity to recover from them. Developing countries are expected to be more vulnerable than developed countries to long-term climate change caused by the anthropogenic build-up of greenhouse gases. The challenge is to integrate climate adaptability into sustainable development effectively, so that detrimental effects are minimized and positive effects are enhanced. In this chapter we address the questions of how climate generally and El Niño specifically can affect sustainable development, consider the related concepts of vulnerability and adaptive capacity, and evaluate policies and programs designed to incorporate improved responses to climate variability and change into society. Sustainable development, a term brought to the attention of the world by the Bruntland Report, Our Common Future (United Nations Commission on Environment and Development, 1987), is a broad, often normative term used to describe a process by which developing countries are able to achieve economic growth comparable to the more developed countries without compromising environmental health and social equity. The report defines development as sustainable when it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Another simpler working definition that has been put forward is “development that lasts” (Magalhães, 2000, p. 4). Sustainable development is often characterized asmultidimensional, having economic, social, environmental, and political aspects (Magalhães, 2000). Economic sustainability is defined as the ability of programs to exist without long-term government incentives. Social sustainability relates to progress toward amelioration of poverty, income equality, and inclusiveness; whereas political sustainability involves shared participation in decision making and in stable institutions. Environmental sustainability involves the use of natural resources in a way that preserves or enhances their productivity, even while conserving habitats, biodiversity, and landscape.
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Adenle, Ademola A., Marian R. Chertow, Ellen H. M. Moors, and David J. Pannell. "What Can Science, Technology, and Innovation Offer in the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals?" In Science, Technology, and Innovation for Sustainable Development Goals, 3–20. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190949501.003.0001.
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This chapter discusses the many ways that science, technology, and innovation (STI) can bolster the global agenda of the United Nations (UN) toward meeting the sustainable development goals (SDGs). It shows how STI applications can make multiple contributions to the achievement of SDGs. It is particularly important for developing countries to harness STI, while managing resulting trade-offs, to deliver sustainable development effectively. The SDGs simultaneously touch upon environmental, social and economic aspects of development but integrating these aspects into the implementation of the SDGs is challenging for both policymakers and researchers. To meet its SDG targets, the global community must mobilize STI across multiple sectors, support new investments in innovation, and contribute to policy design that addresses a range of barriers.
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Ilberg, Antje. "Project Implementation Constraints with Examples from Affordable Housing and Infrastructure Efforts." In Cases on the Diffusion and Adoption of Sustainable Development Practices, 147–66. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2842-7.ch006.
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Comprehensive approaches to sustainable, affordable housing and infrastructure development often prove challenging in developing countries. Several ideas for low cost housing and infrastructure in urban Sub-Saharan Africa appear to have nearly perfect technical characteristics responding to current urban planning and development experience, but yet the project execution of these concepts reveals significant shortcomings. Additionally, the long-term effects of a project often have unintended side effects, and still, similar projects continue to be repeated. To consider these numerous aspects simultaneously is crucial for success. This chapter details three projects with potentially successful concepts for sustainable infrastructure, but which did not succeed fully due to the project framework and imperfections therein. Described are responses to common problems in Sub-Saharan Africa from Rwanda and Malawi in low cost housing, domestic infrastructure, and communal, decentral infrastructure, respectively. Besides describing their realistic solutions and their integration of environmental and social concerns, and despite being based on the principle of multi-level networking and support, the chapter goes beyond the technical description to analyze shortcomings and constraints of implementation. For the discussion of success factors when implementing a project, two additional best practice examples are used.
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Kentikelenis, Alexander E., and Sarah L. Babb. "International Financial Institutions." In The Oxford Handbook of International Political Economy, C8.S1—C8.T2. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198793519.013.8.
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Abstract Having sizeable lending capacity and unparalleled epistemic power, international financial institutions (IFIs) are the world’s most powerful international organizations. One class of IFIs is primarily focused on lending for development projects, and commands portfolios of hundreds of millions of dollars that can transform infrastructure and social services in low- and middle-income countries. Another class is geared toward providing financial assistance to countries in economic crisis and has an active role in shaping their policy environments. Through these activities, IFIs alter the development trajectories of borrowing countries, for better or for worse. This article reviews these debates. We first map IFI forms and functions and examine their governance structures. Subsequently, we examine two of the leading controversies surrounding IFI activities: the problematic impact of these activities on social and environmental outcomes; and the charge that they impinge on developing countries’ policy sovereignty. We conclude by outlining fruitful directions for future research.
Conference papers on the topic "Economic development projects Environmental aspects Developing countries"
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Garayeva, Narmina, Gasham Zeynalov, Elkhan Ahmadov, Agarza Hajiyev, Farid Rahimov, and Aida Aslanova. "The UNFC Concept and the Possibility of its Application in Azerbaijan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207055-ms.
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Abstract Moving towards sustainable development, Azerbaijan joining SDG Agenda 2030 adheres to the policy of developing both hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon resources for economic diversification. At the same time, efficient resource management becomes a vital process at the governmental and transnational companies’ levels. Therefore, a competent classification and structuring of all reserves and resources will be inevitable soon to improve their accurate estimates and effective management in various aspects, including resource availability, technical feasibility, and environmental-socio-economic viability. The importance of the latter is indisputable since social and environmental stability is an essential component of the country's sustainable economic development policy. From this perspective, the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) is seen as a tool to help accomplish these tasks and provide simple screening and verification procedures for evaluating future investment projects. Given that hydrocarbon reserves make a significant contribution to the economy, a study on the application and adaptation of UNFC to local petroleum resource management has been granted as a pilot project to assess the feasibility of its further implementation for other energy and mineral reserves and resources of the country. The UNFC current state analysis as a global standard for classifying energy and mineral resources and their applications is carried out to launch the project. The review covers various case studies, including the classification of hydrocarbon reserves and resources (HCRR) using UNFC (Mexico project, transition projects to the classification of the Russian Federation, etc.), as well as mineral resources in different countries. The research primary goal is to screen different approaches and techniques to assess the practicality of their application to petroleum reserves and resources of Azerbaijan in transferring currently used old Former Soviet Union HCRR classification to UNFC, possibly via PRMS. In addition, a Case Study Research based on the Field A data in Azerbaijan is conducted.
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Garayeva, Narmina, Gasham Zeynalov, Elkhan Ahmadov, Agarza Hajiyev, Farid Rahimov, and Aida Aslanova. "The UNFC Concept and the Possibility of its Application in Azerbaijan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207055-ms.
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Abstract Moving towards sustainable development, Azerbaijan joining SDG Agenda 2030 adheres to the policy of developing both hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon resources for economic diversification. At the same time, efficient resource management becomes a vital process at the governmental and transnational companies’ levels. Therefore, a competent classification and structuring of all reserves and resources will be inevitable soon to improve their accurate estimates and effective management in various aspects, including resource availability, technical feasibility, and environmental-socio-economic viability. The importance of the latter is indisputable since social and environmental stability is an essential component of the country's sustainable economic development policy. From this perspective, the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) is seen as a tool to help accomplish these tasks and provide simple screening and verification procedures for evaluating future investment projects. Given that hydrocarbon reserves make a significant contribution to the economy, a study on the application and adaptation of UNFC to local petroleum resource management has been granted as a pilot project to assess the feasibility of its further implementation for other energy and mineral reserves and resources of the country. The UNFC current state analysis as a global standard for classifying energy and mineral resources and their applications is carried out to launch the project. The review covers various case studies, including the classification of hydrocarbon reserves and resources (HCRR) using UNFC (Mexico project, transition projects to the classification of the Russian Federation, etc.), as well as mineral resources in different countries. The research primary goal is to screen different approaches and techniques to assess the practicality of their application to petroleum reserves and resources of Azerbaijan in transferring currently used old Former Soviet Union HCRR classification to UNFC, possibly via PRMS. In addition, a Case Study Research based on the Field A data in Azerbaijan is conducted.
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Wong, Kau-Fui V., Thomas Hutley, and Emma Salgado. "Offshore Wind Power and its Potential for Development in the West Wind Drift." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39825.
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Offshore wind power is an emerging technology capable of providing coastal cities, states, and countries with a substantial portion of their energy needs. The vast potential of offshore wind power has not been fully explored. This work endeavors to perform a review of the literature on offshore wind power. Structural, economic, and environmental aspects are discussed keeping in mind the current status of offshore wind power development around the world. Offshore wind power is a relatively new technology being used by countries such as Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and China to provide larger and larger portions of their total energy needs. In 1991 Denmark opened its first commercial offshore wind farm in Vindeby producing a mere 4.95 MW of power. More ambitious projects followed and in 2001 the Middelgrunden, Copenhagen wind farm opened producing 40 MW of power. Then in 2000 the Horns Rev wind farm was put online producing 160 MW of power. The United Kingdom has many offshore wind power projects as well. The Blyth Offshore was opened in 2000 and produces 3.8 MW of power and several others in the United Kingdom produce anywhere from 10 to 90 MW of power. By 2007 end, Denmark had 402 MW and the UK had 395 MW, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands had varying amounts. Countries such as China and Germany are also leaders in the development of offshore wind power. In the United States, commercial offshore wind projects had a late start. The first operational offshore wind farms opened in 2007. However, the United States does not lag behind in wind power. In 2008 the United States produced more megawatt of wind power than any other country, making them the leader of wind power production. Offshore wind, however, only constitutes a tiny portion of the total wind power production of the United States. Recent advancements in the technology associated with wind power as a renewable energy source have made it a feasible form of climate change mitigation. Recent development has led countries such as Denmark, Portugal, and Spain to devote as much as 19% of their total energy production to wind power as of 2008, and is encouraging many other developed countries to do the same. This paper performs a review of the status of offshore wind projects internationally. It considers specifically the potential of the West Wind Drift near the southernmost tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula as a geographically and meteorologically advantageous location for the implementation of these wind technologies. Many of the more general problems associated with the use of wind turbines are eliminated by location alone. The winds that cause the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) have a consistent west to east pattern and are some of the strongest winds on Earth, both ideal qualities when considering the possibility of wind power, and the wind in this area has very low intermittency. The average wind speed between 40°S and 60°S is 15 to 24 knots with strongest winds typically between 45°S and 55°S. Cape Horn is about 56°S [1]. Historically, the ACC has been called the ‘West Wind Drift’ because the prevailing westerly wind and current are both eastward. Owing to the remoteness of the Cape Horn area and Antarctica, many of the social matters associated with the development of wind farms are eliminated. Obvious factors must be considered when developing in such an area. The paper will cover the engineering requirements of turbines functioning in subzero temperatures consistently as well as the long distance transmission associated with development in this area and its economic feasibility. It will also cover the environmental and regulatory issues associated with the development in such an area.
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Liao, Jing, Pamela Danese, Andrea Vinelli, Ruhe Xie, and Jie Tang. "A Systematic Literature Review on Sustainable Fresh Food Cold Supply Chain: State-of-the-art and Future Direction." In 8TH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/sdc.2021.001.
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Abstract The fresh food cold supply chain industry needs to balance environmental, social, and economic aspects to maintain the market existence. Sustainable fresh food cold supply chain is one of the recent beneficial fields that can balance environmental, social, and economic aspects. To better understand the sustainable fresh food cold supply chain, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive review research. The primary purpose of this research is to explore different insights from the existed literature that can help better achieve sustainable development of the fresh food cold supply chain. To examine various insights and gaps in sustainable fresh food cold supply chain, 142 papers are selected from the SCOPUS database (January 2001 to August 2021). The selected papers are categorized on the basis of year, authors, organizations, journals, citations, status of the country. The categorization of selected papers helps to explore various gaps. Such as SFFCSC has been studied more in developed countries and less studied in developing countries during the time between 2001 and 2017, while from 2018 till August 2021, the studies of SFFCSC in developing countries are more than in developed countries. The selection of papers in this study is limited to English publications and the SCOPUS database, which are the limitations of this study. KEYWORDS: Literature review; Sustainable fresh food cold supply chain; Sustainability; Descriptive analysis
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Fathalizadeh, Ali, Parviz Ghoddousi, Ali Akbar Shirzadi Javid, M. Reza Hosseini, and Arka Ghosh. "Integrating sustainability into construction project management: Barriers in developing countries." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.122.
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This paper is an attempt to explore the barriers to integrating sustainability into construction project management in developing countries. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature is conducted, as a result of which a list of 30 barriers is culled from existing studies. The list of barriers is subsequently assessed in terms of relative importance index (RII) through a survey questionnaire administered to Iranian construction industry experts, resulting in a dataset of 176 completed questionnaires. Findings bring to light the most influential barriers to incorporating sustainability in construction projects for a developing country. These were: (1) lack of understanding of the potential selfbenefits of proactivity and high economic risks that unsustainable practices may carry, (2) inadequate assessment of risks and a silo-based approach, namely, insufficient cooperation among practitioners, research institutions and environmental organisations and (3) the lack of a systematic approach to planning and acting for the fulfilment of sustainability goals. As one of the first studies in its kind, the paper offers invaluable insight for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers, in supporting the transition of construction project management practices towards fulfilling sustainable development goals.
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RIVERA, Maria, Alina SEEBACHER, and José Maria DIAZ PUENTE. "RURAL ECONOMY: A GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.083.
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In the political system and in public perception, the well-functioning of economy is frequently equalled to the output of the national economy–that is, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, during the last decades, this narrow conception of economic prosperity started to erode. This paper describes the scientific discussion surrounding the topic of “economy” in rural places, with the objective of exploring who is setting the agenda and which themes are prevalent. We examine 102 journal papers published during the last decade and design a methodological frame based on Nvivo10 software which combines quantitative analysis of geographical attributes (geographical location; journal’s precedence; author’s institution) and qualitative content analysis of the selected articles. Our results put forward that “rural economy” is conceptually linked to different societal spheres in areas such as development and progress, society and community, resources and sustainability. However, it is authors coming from developed countries the ones that mainly treat this issue and base their studies mainly on developing countries. Therefore it can be concluded that scientific discourse around rural economy deals with issues of interest to developed countries, but that it has, however, started to get linked to social and environmental aspects, and it is through achieving a balance between them that rural prosperity will be achieved.
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Buszynski, Mario E., and Tanya Peacock. "The Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts and Benefits Associated With Developing a Natural Gas Distribution System in Nova Scotia." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-141.
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Novia Scotia, a province of about one million people, is located on the east coast of Canada. With the discovery of large natural gas reserves off the Scotian Shelf, offshore production platforms, undersea and onshore pipelines have been constructed to link the find with major markets in Boston by the end of 1999. The onshore pipeline through the province will allow a distribution system to be developed. This natural gas system will be the largest Greenfield development seen in North America for many years. A billion-dollar expenditure is proposed to establish a local distribution company, which would construct and maintain around 8,000 kilometres of distribution and lateral pipelines in the province. An integral part of this program involves the provision of local benefits through hiring and purchasing of goods and services. This paper describes aspects of the construction program and benefits plan proposed during the regulatory hearings in order to illustrate the methods used to ensure that the objectives of accessing the majority of Nova Scotians in a seven year planning horizon will be met. The varied landscapes to be crossed and specialized construction techniques to meet those challenges are discussed. The mechanisms in place to ensure maximum benefit for Nova Scotians are also discussed. Up-to-date information will be presented to demonstrate how the benefits plan is being implemented. The successes of the benefits plan for the distribution utility and the other local megaproject in the province (Sable Offshore Energy) are compared. Conclusions will be drawn regarding successful strategies for implementing benefits plans related to large energy projects.
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Mallawaarachchi, H., G. Karunasena, Y. G. Sandanayake, and C. Liu. "INITIATING INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS (IS) NETWORKS IN SRI LANKA: INSIGHTS FROM GLOBAL PROJECTS." In The 9th World Construction Symposium 2021. The Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2021.32.
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Industrial symbiosis (IS) is an ideal initiative for co-located industries to gain a competitive advantage through physical exchange of materials, energy, water, and by-products within a closed loop industrial system. IS has been created a considerable impact on the environmental and economic development through water savings, reduction of raw material extraction and carbon emissions reductions. As many developing countries are suffering from the environmental degradation due to industrial operations, initiating IS networks is vital to improve the business and environmental performance of industries. Since it is a novel concept, it is important to examine the insights from global IS projects to foresee the future challenges. Thus, in this study, PESTEL framework is employed to examine the impact of political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal external factors on global IS projects. The secondary data collected from nine global IS projects were analysed using PESTEL analysis. The analysis clearly describes the several facets that could influence on industries deploying the IS networks, such as the pressure made by government, external parties, collective cost and environmental benefits, infrastructure sharing, social benefits, and influence made by laws and regulations. Accordingly, a PESTEL framework is developed, which provides a firm base to foresee the possible future changes, challenges and opportunities that can be effectively considered in strategic business decisions for deploying IS networks in Sri Lanka.
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Pribyl, Barbara, Satinder Purewal, and Harikrishnan Tulsidas. "Development of the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines PRSG – A Petroleum Classification System for the Energy Transition." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205847-ms.
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Abstract The Petroleum Working Group (PWG) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) has developed the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines (PRSG) to facilitate the application of the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) for evaluating and classifying petroleum projects. The UNFC was developed by the Expert Group on Resource Management (EGRM) and covers all resource sectors such as minerals, petroleum, renewable energy, nuclear resources, injection projects, anthropogenic resources and groundwater. It has a unique three- dimensional structure to describe environmental, social and economic viability (E-axis), technical feasibility and maturity (F-axis) and degree of confidence in the resource estimates (G-axis). The UNFC is fully aligned to holistic and sustainable resource management called for by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda). UNFC can be used by governments for integrated energy planning, companies for developing business models and the investors in decision making. Internationally, all classification systems and their application continue to evolve to incorporate the latest technical understanding and usage and societal, government and regulatory expectations. The PRSG incorporates key elements from current global petroleum classification systems. Furthermore, it provides a forward-thinking approach to including aspects of integrity and ethics. It expands on the unique differentiator of the UNFC to integrate social and environmental issues in the project evaluation. Several case studies have been carried out (in China, Kuwait, Mexico, Russia, and Uganda) using UNFC. Specifically, PRSG assists in identifying critical social and environmental issues to support their resolution and development sustainably. These issues may be unique to the country, location and projects and mapped using a risk matrix. This may support the development of a road map to resolve potential impediments to project sanction. The release of the PRSG comes at a time of global economic volatility on a national and international level due to the ongoing impact and management of COVID-19, petroleum supply and demand uncertainty and competing national and international interests. Sustainable energy is not only required for industries but for all other social development. It is essential for private sector development, productive capacity building and expansion of trade. It has strong linkages to climate action, health, education, water, food security and woman empowerment. Moreover, enduring complex system considerations in balancing the energy trilemma of reliable supply, affordability, equity, and social and environmental responsibility remain. These overarching conditions make it even more essential to ensure projects are evaluated in a competent, ethical and transparent manner. While considering all the risks, it is also critical to reinforce the positive contribution a natural resource utilization project provides to society. Such an inquiry can focus on how the project contributes to the quality of life, environment, and the economy – the people, planet, and prosperity triad. Such an approach allows consistent, robust and sustainable investment decision making and energy policy development.
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Funk, Greg, and Paul Longsworth. "Opportunity, Risk, and Success: Recognizing, Addressing, and Balancing Multiple Factors Crucial to the Success of a Project Management System Deployed to Support Multi-Lateral Decommissioning Programs." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7342.
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This paper addresses the factors involved in effectively implementing a world-class program/project management information system funded by multiple nations. Along with many other benefits, investing in and utilizing such systems improves delivery and drive accountability for major expenditures. However, there are an equally large number of impediments to developing and using such systems. To be successful, the process requires a dynamic combining of elements and strategic sequencing of initiatives. While program/project-management systems involve information technologies, software and hardware, they represent only one element of the overall system. Technology, process, people and knowledge must all be integrated and working in concert with one another to assure a fully capable system. Major system implementations occur infrequently, and frequently miss established targets in relatively small organizations (with the risk increasing with greater complexity). The European Bank of Reconstruction (EBRD) is midway through just such an implementation. The EBRD is using funds from numerous donor countries to sponsor development of an overarching program management system. The system will provide the Russian Federation with the tools to effectively manage prioritizing, planning, and physically decommissioning assets in northwest Russia to mitigate risks associated the Soviet era nuclear submarine program. Project-management delivery using world-class techniques supported by aligned systems has been proven to increase the probability of delivering on-time and on-budget, assuring those funding such programs optimum value for money. However, systems deployed to manage multi-laterally funded projects must be developed with appropriate levels of consideration given to unique aspects such as: accommodation of existing project management methods, consideration for differences is management structures and organizational behaviors, incorporation of unique strengths, and subtle adjustment to compensate weaknesses. This paper addresses the architecture and sequencing of implementation. A properly designed program/project-management system provides necessary tools for those planning the program as a whole, as well as those tasked with delivering individual projects. It also provides a communication framework to transfer information to parties on the funding side of the equation. Aligned program and project management methods are key to making the overall effort effective. Ultimately, progress and transparency are essential outcomes that help to sustain funding and mitigate major funding fluctuations that create havoc for any project. A solid program-management system must provide donor countries the ability to know what is to be accomplished, how much it should cost, and over what period of time, as well as provide adequate transparency into how much is being accomplished at any given point in time. Prioritization, funding, transparency, politics, and many other considerations come into play when dealing with challenges that take decades to overcome. These issues exist for most programs, but the situation becomes even more complex when dealing in a multi-lateral framework. Project management methods and systems relate directly to program level ones and underpin the higher level program system. Before continuing, it is important to summarize the distinctions between program and project management. Program management primarily incorporates efforts relating to the identifying what is to be done over a long time horizon involving multiple projects. Project management, in contrast, generally embodies the efforts of how identified scope shall be done. Many of the efforts performed in each are similar and the distinction between programs and large projects in particular are often blurred. In general, the environment that a program manager deals with involves more uncertainty than a project manager. The essential point, however, is that a program consisting of perfectly sequenced and executed projects can still fail to provide the desired benefit if the overall program strategy is flawed or fails to adequately communicate the vision to the many lower-tier managers involved on individual projects.