Academic literature on the topic 'Ecology Moral and ethical aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ecology Moral and ethical aspects"
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Browman, HI, and AB Skiftesvik. "Moral, ethical and scientific aspects of welfare in aquatic organisms." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 75 (May 4, 2007): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao075085.
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Ciszek, Mariusz. "Ekologiczne aspekty katolickiej teologii moralnej." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2004): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2004.2.1.17.
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The ecological aspect of catholic moral theology should not evoke astonishment, as it is not a strange hybrid created by means of artificial manipulations aiming at bestowing authority of Christian tradition on ecology. Popes' statements concerning natural environment conservation seem to testify against such claims and only show the importance and need of implementing responsible and moderate using the Earth's resources into Christian awareness. Practical ethical problems in the ecological aspect I started to present from the natural law, which determines divine moral order in the world, also in the ecological dimension. Then I undertook the problem of an ecological conscience, which is a kind of a "watchman" of our morality, also as far as human actions in the natural environment are concerned, and it tries to protect the human being from committing an ecological sin, which is one of the forms of disobedience to God. These ecological aspects of moral theology will remain just hot air if we do not spread them by means of ecological education. It is also very important to shape proper and fixed attitudes towards other people and nature that can be described in terms of love, prudence, and moderation as aretology (field of science concerning virtues) teach us. At the end of this paragraph, I put Ecological Decalogue, whose rules Christians should obey in everyday life.
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Regan, Á., M. Henchion, and B. McIntyre. "Ethical, moral and social dimensions in farm production practices: a segmentation study to assess Irish consumers’ perceptions of meat quality." Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 57, no. 1 (March 9, 2018): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2018-0002.
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AbstractGrowing consumer concerns with modern farming and food production systems indicate a significant market opportunity for meat production practices that consider ethical, moral and social value traits. In the current study, we aimed to identify and characterise distinct segments of Irish consumers based on their perceptions of the quality of meat from different farm-level production practices (organic farming, high animal welfare standards, free range farming, and “natural”, treatment-free feeding regimes). An online survey was carried out with 251 Irish meat consumers. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct segments: “Target consumers”, “Purist consumers” and “Disinterested consumers”. Chi-square analyses revealed differences between the segments based on gender, age and meat-purchasing motivations. The results provide insight into the opportunities that exist for exploring new viable market segments as well as for engaging Irish consumers and empowering them with information around the ethical, social and moral aspects of farm-level practices related to meat production.
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Schwartz, James S. J. "Where no planetary protection policy has gone before." International Journal of Astrobiology 18, no. 4 (July 26, 2018): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550418000228.
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AbstractI argue that the attempts of astrobiologists and philosophers to provide an ethical justification for planetary protection policies (in particular, those aspects of policy concerning forward contamination) suffer from a ‘life bias’ in that reasons for protection are regarded as genuinely ethical only when they include some kind of direct moral consideration for extraterrestrial life. There are, I maintain, good reasons for the protection of space environments, including the protection of sites of interest to disciplines other than astrobiology. These reasons are no less ethical simply because their aim is something other than the protection of extraterrestrial life. While the possible existence of such reasons has been recognized, they have yet to be developed in a philosophically satisfying way. This paper aims to fill this lacuna by motivating and articulating an ethical perspective which recommends broader protection of the space environment. Long-range implications for such a broadening of planetary protection are considered, including implications for interstellar exploration.
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Kucher, D. E., and S. G. Kharchenko. "The Precautionary Principle as a Decision-Making Criterion." Ecology and Industry of Russia 26, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-1-66-71.
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A comprehensive analysis of the precautionary principle is carried out in the article. The essence of the "precautionary principle" concept and its main elements are analyzed, the concept of "morally unacceptable harm"is interpreted. A retrospective analysis of the emergence of the "precautionary principle" concept is carried out, the place and role of the precautionary principle in various international treaties is investigated. It is emphasized that scientific uncertainty is not an excuse for inaction when there is convincing evidence of potentially serious damage. The moral and ethical basis of the precautionary principle is noted. The place of the precautionary principle in the theory and practice of decisionmaking is investigated in the article. It is emphasized that the precautionary principle must be applied in conditions of uncertainty, when the boundaries of possible results are unknown and there are no reliable grounds for quantifying probabilities, and the ethical aspects of equality between and within generations are at stake, other decision-making principles cannot satisfactorily solve these problems.
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GIORDANO, JAMES, JOAN C. ENGEBRETSON, and ROLAND BENEDIKTER. "Culture, Subjectivity, and the Ethics of Patient-Centered Pain Care." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 1 (January 2009): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180108090087.
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Even the most scientifically reductionist view of the individual reveals that we are complex systems nested within complex systems. These interactions within and among systems are based and depend on numerous variables of our (internal and external) environment(s). If we define ethics as a system of moral decision making, then it becomes clear that these decisions ultimately affect the situation(s) of managing our activities and relationships with others in our environment (in essence, our being in the world). Given that ecology literally means “a study or system of wisdom and reasoning about the interrelation of organisms in their environment or place of inhabitance,” Owen Flanagan's description of ethics as “human ecology” takes on considerable relevance and importance.
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Yuksel, Sarac Yesilada. "The problem of subjectivity of values in the search for a universal environmental ethics." Heritage and Sustainable Development 3, no. 1 (May 27, 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v3i1.54.
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Considering the relationship between the environment and morality, discussion of the matter of values is inevitable. Although there is no consensus on the intrinsic and instrumental characteristics of the value, the condition of talking about environmental ethics is that the environment carries not instrumental but intrinsic value. The problem of subjectivity of this value creates an ontological problem. Given that the value of what is valued depends on the preferences, interests, and attitudes of the valuers, it can lead to anthropocentric environmental ethics, which is an abusive approach style by environmental policymakers. On the other hand, the understanding that value is independent of the preferences, interests, and attitudes of the subject brings an objective approach but this makes it difficult to base environmental ethics on values ??and adds scientific aspects to environmental approaches. Scientific aspects are already discussed under some concepts such as sustainability, biodiversity, ecology, and environmental management. However, grounding these concepts on moral values ??and the formation of environmental ethics depends on emphasizing not only the scientific and objective but also its subjective side. This study explained the possibility of meeting the universality criterion in objective conditions despite the subjectivity of values because the way environmental ethics is adopted by everyone is only a universal environmental ethic.
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Kostin, Petr. "Philosophy of Responsibility in Mastering the Integrity of Social Life." Logos et Praxis, no. 1 (December 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2020.1.5.
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The author connects the demand for social and philosophical research of the responsibility phenomenon with the need to strengthen the processes of self-identification, due to the decrease in the influence of the value and cultural space of modern society on the individual. The article substantiates the position on the irreducibility of the content of the responsibility category only to its ethical content due to the wider range of its social functions and socio-project potential. It is emphasized that in the space of social relations and their structures, the necessary condition for maintaining the influence of the moral and value world on organizational and technological processes is the development of relations between a person and society based on the relationship of responsibility. For this reason, the importance of a fundamental sociophilosophical study of the content of the responsibility category is associated in the article with overcoming the one-sidedness and incompleteness of its study in certain areas of social relations – medicine, business ethics, law, pedagogy, ecology – and identifying its integrative and project meanings as a factor of sustainable functioning and development of society. Revealing a number of historical and philosophical approaches to the analysis of responsibility, the author shows the connection of this category with the category of "freedom" both in its personal (existentialism of J.-P. Sartre) and transpersonal (representative of the philosophy of the Russian Diaspora S.A. Levitsky) dimensions. However, historical and philosophical experience testifies to the similarity of different methodological positions, which are determined by the fact that the content of the responsibility category reveals the forms of finding the personal meaning of life. The directions of philosophical searches of the XX century also point to the need to take into account, through the perspective of responsibility, the diversity of possibilities in different social circumstances and the understanding that only one of them will be realized. The disclosure of the meaning of responsibility as a norm of intersubjective interaction, in which the interests and needs of society are manifested, indicates its multidimensional nature and differences in the manifestation of the activities of individual and collective subjects of responsibility. Proceeding from this, it is shown that responsibility can be represented as a complex hierarchical system in which the levels that characterize it at the level of general and specific, as well as systemic and specialized knowledge are organically linked. Specifying the working model of connections that reveal the socio-philosophical content of responsibility, the author identifies a number of categories: general theory (society, person, state, social institution, nation, family, etc.); philosophy of Economics (property, labor, production, money, etc.); ethics (justice, conscience, duty, etc.); philosophy of religion and religious studies (God, fate, faith, sin, etc.); axiology (values). Based on the research, it is concluded that the socio-philosophical study of the category "responsibility" is promising, linking its philosophical, ethical and specifically scientific aspects, which is important for the theoretical and practical development of the human dimension and the morally-oriented development of modern society.
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Kazantseva, Larisa. "Methodological issues related to the formation of preschool children’s ecological culture within the coordinates of the modern educational ideas." Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, no. 3 (128) (October 31, 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2019-3-4.
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The planet’s ecological situation demands an immediate change of mankind’s, each country communities’ and each person’s attitude to the natural environment, to the saving of the natural resources, to the necessity to form an active position which would deal with the renovation and withstand the loss of the nature’s elements, which might lead to the destruction of the ecological balance. The radical change of the situation towards people’s destroying activities can be stopped on condition that all social institutions consolidate, specialists in all fields and branches of life undertake common actions, efforts in the fields of science, economics, politics and culture are integrated. In our opinion, the most responsible mission facilitating the solution of the ecological problem belongs to education, since it is to educate a personality who is able to radically change the ecological trends, to build a personality possessing a new type of thinking, new moral orientations, ecological consciousness and culture (being typical of this personality). Preschool education has a great responsible for raising person’s ecological consciousness and culture. During the preschool period, when fundamentals of the future adult life are formed, the child masters those values, ethical norms, knowledge which will allow him / her to develop his / her own new style of interacting with the surrounding world, to develop the ecologically expedient models of behaviour. We consider the widening of the connections between preschoolers’ ecological education and natural sciences, philosophy and psychology to be the way to increase its efficiency. The content-based and technological aspects of the ecological education methodology should be grounded, in great extent, on the fundamentals of the philosophy of eco-centrism. They must recreate the natural knowledge of the out-ecology (individual attitude to ecology) and synecology about living organisms, their interconnection with the environmental habitat, about organisms’ adaptation to environment, about ecosystem, biocenosis, etc. The process of ecological education is to be developed as the real practice of child’s contacting with the elements of nature during which psychological feeling, as if being involved into the natural environment and being part of nature, is formed; a subject attitude to all nature elements as to important and equal ones in their rights is built; the demand for non-pragmatic interaction with nature is cultivated. Keywords: ecological consciousness, ecological culture, eco-centrism, ecological involvement, subjective attitude, non-pragmatic interaction.
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Lukyanchenko, E. A. "Human Capital: Moral and Ethical Aspects." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(30) (June 28, 2013): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-3-30-142-143.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ecology Moral and ethical aspects"
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Mauritz, Elizabeth. "Burn and Sow: The Ethical Implications of Ecological Restoration." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4809/.
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Ecological restoration is quickly becoming a major approach to how humans interact with the natural world. Some view restoration as another land management technique on par with conservation and preservation. Others view it as a way to make reparations for our misdeeds and to reincorporate humans into the natural world. Ideas regarding restoration from key academics and restorationists are evaluated here. Their views have set the stage for the contemporary paradigm. Values that may be attributed to restoration and received from it are evaluated. I discuss my own reservations regarding potential problems with the product and practice of restoration. What is at stake regarding the involvement of people in restoration is examined, focusing on the different impacts volunteers and paid workers have on the value of the practice and outcome of the product.
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Setterlin, Cathy. "Connecting With Nature Through Land Use Decision Making." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1206642069.
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Ndiaye, Ibrahima. "Enjeux éthiques et écologiques de la responsabilité : vers une approche de la co-responsabilité." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT5021.
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Nombreuses sont les exigences qui s'adressent à nous, non pas seulement parce que nous sommes des sujets moraux, mais aussi en tant que citoyens, membres d'un corps politique dont il faut observer les règles pour en garantir la pérennité. Aussi notre responsabilité est-elle doublement convoquée tant bien sur le champ éthique que politique. En effet, le péril écologique nous rappelle notre devoir moral envers la postérité, pour le maintien d'un environnement viable. La menace d'une rupture du lien social, engendrée par un individualisme exacerbé, exige de trouver un nouveau contenu au concept de responsabilité, contenu qui devra être à la hauteur des enjeux de la situation. Seulement, le besoin de consommation frénétique, et la volonté de satisfaction immédiate de désirs, souvent frivoles, s'opposent à cet appel à concevoir une nouvelle forme de responsabilité, que nous définirons comme co-responsabilité. Un régime de sacrifices et une certaine disposition de l'esprit d'abnégation seront nécessaires compte tenu de l'urgence du moment. Mais hélas ! Ces renoncements sont occultés par des préoccupations égoïstes sans lendemain. Aussi, l'enquête menée ici, s'est-elle donnée comme objectif d'examiner les leviers susceptibles de mobiliser les ressources suffisamment persuasives pour accomplir une telle entreprise. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous nous sommes appuyés sur l'analyse de la notion de responsabilité tant dans son application politique, que dans sa rhétorique éthique. Selon Rousseau, l'espèce ne s'est élevée au-dessus de son caractère strictement biologique qu'en cessant d'obéir uniquement à ses pulsions. C'est dans la même veine que Kant affirmera l'autonomie du sujet qui assoira sa responsabilité morale. Mais l'anatomie du concept à laquelle nous avons procédée a permis de trouver à la responsabilité une fondation qui rompt avec tout volontarisme moral. En effet, la dialectique entre liberté et responsabilité a donné lieu à une conception plus féconde de la responsabilité, éthiquement parlant, du moins. En effet, il ne fait pas de doute que le responsable est au sens juridique, l'auteur d'une action accomplie en parfaite connaissance de causes. Ce qui implique la présence, chez cet auteur, d'une conscience à la fois psychologique et moral, d'un libre arbitre, d'une volonté libre. C'est ce que l'analyse de la liberté a permis de réaffirmer ici. Mais ce type de responsabilité formelle de n'importe quel acteur à l'égard de son action n'épuise pas la richesse des responsabilités qui nous incombent. Notre responsabilité ne découle pas exclusivement de notre liberté. Au contraire, elle la déborde et la contient, au niveau politique, mais surtout éthique. Une telle conception de la responsabilité sonne ou plutôt ré-sonne comme un appel à une responsabilité solidaire et collective. Elle ré-sonne, car cette forme de responsabilité qui consiste au secours que nous devons aux êtres vulnérables, condamnés à périr sans notre intervention a reçu ses lettres de noblesse sous la plume de Hans Jonas, dans son œuvre majeure : Le principe responsabilité. Cependant, c'est à Emmanuel Levinas que nous devons cette conception de la responsabilité que nous avons à l'égard des autres êtres. Responsabilité éthique orientée vers l'irréductible inquiétude pour l'Autre « dans la nudité de son visage » jusqu'à la substitution. À une époque où les rapports humains sont dé-réalisés parce que informatisés et numérisés, du fait du développement spectaculaire des nouveaux outils scientifiques et technologiques entraînant l'abrasion de l'empathie et de la sensibilité, il est important de réfléchir à nouveaux frais sur une vision quasi religieuse du progrès ignorant l'humain et la nature qu'il exploite. Aussi, militant pour la sauvegarde de conditions humainement viables, avons-nous cherché à replacer l'Homme et son avenir au cœur de toutes préoccupationsThus, the present investigation aims at examining the tools that can generate sufficiently persuasive resources in order to accomplish such a task. That's the reason why we relied on the analysis of the notion of responsibility as much in its political application as in its ethical rhetoric. According to Rousseau, mankind was able to rise above her strictly biological nature only by putting a stop to her drives. It is in the same vein that Kant will claim the autonomy of the subject who will be able to establish her moral responsibility. But the analysis of the concept we have undertaken has allowed us to claim that responsibility has a foundation that breaks with any moral voluntarism. Indeed, the dialectics between freedom and responsibility has brought about a more fertile conception of responsibility, at least ethically speaking. There is no doubt that one can be held legally responsible for something only when one accomplishes an action in full knowledge of the facts. This implies that the very person (subject) has a psychological and moral conscience, a free will, and a free volition. This is what the analysis of freedom has enabled to reaffirm here. But this kind of formal responsibility does not exhaust the richness of responsibilities that are incumbent upon us. Our responsibility does not spring exclusively from our freedom. On the contrary, it extends beyond it and contains it, on the political level, but above all on the ethical level. Such a conception of freedom rings or rather resonates as a call for an integral and collective responsibility. It resonates because this form of responsibility which consists in helping vulnerable beings who are condemned to perish without our intervention, has won its spurs with Hans Jonas, in his masterpiece: The Imperative of Responsibility. But, it is Emmanuel Levinas that we owe this conception of responsibility that we have towards other beings. An ethical responsibility concentrated on the irreducible concern for the Other "in the nakedness of his face" till the substitution. In a time when human relationships are being undone because they are being computerized and digitized through the dramatic development of new scientific and technological tools leading to the abrasion of empathy and sensitivity, it is crucial to reflect freshly upon a quasi-religious vision of progress that shrugs off the human being and the nature she uses. As activist for the preservation of humanly viable conditions, we have then attempted to replace the Human and her future in the centre of all concerns. Convinced that neither the absolute saint or the absolute devil exist, we aim at mobilizing all resources from the noble part of the Human Being in order to enable everyone to provide an appropriate answer to human distress and plays her role in expressing an immense and profound solidarity of souls…
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Coleman, Stephen 1968. "The ethical implications of human ectogenesis." Monash University, School of Philosophy, Linguistics and Bioethics, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8904.
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Olivier, Stephen Chris. "Ethical issues in human movement research." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015402.
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In acknowledging past abuses of humans in research contexts, and recognising the potential for malpractices in Human Movement Studies (HMS), this study evaluated the extent to which ethical issues are addressed in the discipline. The primary method consisted of the standard techniques of philosophic analysis, with empirical data complementing the conclusions. In general, the study contends that insufficient attention is paid to ethical issues in HMS research. In response to a set of specifically constructed, ethically problematic research proposals, only 1.8% of comments from senior researchers advocated rejection of the proposals on ethical grounds. Also, a journal search indicated that consideration of ethical issues in published research may largely be absent. Questionnaire responses revealed that South African HMS departments may be deficient in terms of accountability towards ethical guidelines. Whilst noting the existence of utilitarian ethics in HMS research, it is advocated that deontologic principles should take precedence. Further, only a sound educative effort will produce improvements. In conclusion, this study advocates a deontology-based approach to research ethics. This is consistent with the contention that the use of humans in research is a privilege, and that the rights of participants ought to outweigh the desire of researchers to conduct research.
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Okolie, Patricia. "Suicide : a philosophical and ethical perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52469.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Suicide is a truly philosophical problem. Judging whether life is or not worth living amounts to answering the fundamental question of philosophy. In Africa, suicide is not uncommon as evidenced by the Botswana experience. Suicide acts are the forefront of the daily existence even today. Suicide is felt in different areas of Botswana and while the study draws heavily on Africa especially Botswana, reference is also made to countries outside Africa. Hence, suicide in this thesis is not addressed in a restrictive manner. But its manifestation in essence is assessed in a general mode. This implies that the escalation of suicide is viewed from the sociological, psychological and philosophical implications. Although it is not easy to accept and live with suicide, people are beginning to accommodate it as an inevitable concept. However, the family and friends of a person who has committed suicide still feels ashamed, humiliated and sometimes guilty. The aim of this assignment is to analyse and evaluate the moral argument for and against suicide and to focus on the moral implications of committing suicide. While agreeing that individuals' autonomy are personal, the writer tries to suggest a way out of this self-destruction (suicide) which is just a means to an end and not an end in itself. The writer in the concluding chapter tries to explore the pros and cons of suicide, and comes up with the conclusion that the right to live should be given attention than the right to die, at least to preserve its generations which all creatures strive for. Areas of focus: • The concept of Suicide • The nature and incidence of Suicide. • Arguments in favour of Suicide • Arguments against Suicide • The Suicide I Euthanasia Debate
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Selfmoord is 'n ware filosofiese probleem. Om te oordeel of 'n lewe die moeite werd is om gelewe te word, vereis 'n antwoord op 'n fundamentele vraag van filosofie. In Afrika is selfmoord nie ongewoon nie, soos gesien in die geval van Botswana. Selfmoord kom baie algemeen daar voor. Selfmoord word aangetref in verskeie areas in Botswana, en, alhoewel die studie fokus op Afrika - en spesifiek Botswana, word daar ook verwys na lande buite Afrika. Maar die manifestasie daarvan word in essensie en in die algemeen aangespreek. Dit beteken dat die toename in selfmoord in terme van die verskynsel se sosiologiese, sielkundige en filosofiese implikasies aangespreek word. Alhoewel dit nie maklik is on selfmoord te aanvaar en mee saam te leef nie, begin mense dit aanvaar as 'n onvermydelike verskynsel. Maar die familie van 'n persoon wat selfmoord gepleeg het voel steeds skaam, verneder en soms skuldig. Die doel van hierdie werkstuk is om die argumente vir en teen selfmoord te analiseer, te evalueer, en om te fokus op die morele implikasies van selfmoord. Alhoewel die outeur saamstem dat individue outonoom is, word sterk teen die morele aanvaarbaarheid van selfmoord geargumenteer. In die gevolgtrekking ondersoek die outeur die voordele en nadele van selfmoord en eindig met die bevinding dat die reg tot lewe meer aandag behoort te kry as die sg. reg om te sterf. Areas waarop gefokus word: • Die konsep "selfmoord" as sodanig • Die aard van selfmoord en (hoe algemeen dit voorkom.) • Argumente ten gunste van selfmoord • Argumente teen selfmoord • Die selfmoord -genadedood debat
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Scott, Rebekah Anne. "On complex terms : James among the ethical critics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609038.
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Van, Schalkwyk Tanya Leonie. "The ethical conduct of new entry level emerging contractors." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4932.
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Ethics is not a new or modern discipline. It was developed thousands of years ago and still remains relevant today. Ethics is applied in all spheres of modern life from philosophy to business and religious environments and even around dinner table conversations. It is applicable to all areas of life. This research is aimed at investigating whether ethical conduct among new entry level emerging contractors can contribute to and ensure their sustainable competitiveness within the South African construction industry. This research is also aimed at determining whether education and knowledge of entrepreneurship, business, project and construction management and building contracts can contribute to new entry level emerging contractors’ ethical conduct and sustainable competitiveness. The literature reviewed and results of quantitative and qualitative research amongst professional consultants in South Africa formed the basis of the study. Ethics is a sensitive topic within the industry and therefor it is difficult to gather data directly from contractors, as they are reluctant to participate in fear of revealing their identities and having it negatively influencing their personal and business credentials. Therefor unbiased respondents who were not directly linked to emerging contractors and who were unafraid to give objective opinions were questioned. These unbiased respondents included consultants within the industry. The study revealed that ethics is an important factor in any business environment and that the correct application thereof can partially contribute to the sustainable competitiveness of new entry level emerging contractors and this in turn can promote the long term survival of a business. Furthermore, knowledge of good management practices and building contracts can contribute to a successfully run business. However, the average new entry level emerging contractor has insufficient experience and knowledge of the management of construction projects, as well as building contracts.
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Hooker, Brad. "Why should I be moral?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b44fe6f-39b7-4d16-9b5c-8d8eb7251323.
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I begin my discussion of the question 'Why should I be moral?' by drawing distinctions both between possible different senses of 'moral' and also between different conceptions of what morality requires. I then criticize the idea that one should be moral because it serves self-interest. Self-interest is served by one's having benevolent concern for only a fairly small number of others, but being moral involves more than this. Furthermore, having moral dispositions other than benevolence is in one's interest only if these dispositions are required by the moral code predominant in one's society. Moreover, even if we confine our attention to people who live in such a society, each person would probably be better off with moral dispositions that were not so strong that they would always get their way, but the completely moral person would presumably have overriding moral dispositions. Finally, having the correct moral beliefs may not be in one's interest. But whatever the gap between self-interest and morality, might one not have most reason to be moral? Derek Parfit has recently argued that the view that one has most reason to do whatever best achieves one's present aims (and these may sometimes be moral aims) is at least as good as the view that one has most reason to do what best promotes one's own long-term good. I attack some of his arguments. But I then go on to argue that moral requirements as such—i.e., independently of whether they are reflected in present desires—do generate reasons for action. But are these moral reasons always stronger than reasons of other kinds? On the basis of an example I describe in the closing pages, I reluctantly conclude that they are not.
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Silove, Melanie. "Ethical decision-making in the therapeutic space : a psychoanalytic view." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020873.
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This study examined the ethical decision-making process as it transpired in the everyday context of the therapeutic space. In-depth interviews explored the subjective experiences of six South African psychologists, practicing as psychoanalytic psychotherapists, and their efforts to resolve real-life ethical dilemmas. The theoretical framework used to interpret the data subsumed professional literature in psychology on principle-based ethical decision-making as well as contemporary psychoanalytic debates on the phenomenon of countertransference enactments. A review of ethics codes, survey research and seminal decision-making frameworks suggests that ethical dilemmas have traditionally been resolved by recourse to an objective and impartial “principle ethics” perspective. Empirical evidence shows, however, that logical thinking and the rational application of codes, principles and standards are often insufficient to secure ethical action. The establishment of reflective space and the core theoretical notion of “ethical decision-making enactments” were proposed in order to address the subjective, irrational and unconscious dimension of professional decision-making. This study used a broadly hermeneutic research method which transformed participants‟ descriptions of engagement with real-life dilemmas into a psychoanalytically informed interpretive account of ethical decision-making. Twelve aspirational ethical principles were found to guide participants‟ daily analytic work. Beneficence was the principle most strongly identified with and nonmaleficence was the most neglected ethical principle. Unprocessed countertransference responses were shown to drive earlier prereflective phases of the ethical decision-making process. Mature ethical judgment was predicated upon the retrospective analysis of enactment phenomena. Dissatisfaction was expressed by all participants with regard to the role of professional resources in aiding the resolution of stressful ethical dilemmas. Risk factors for compromised professional decision-making included the paucity and perceived irrelevance of postgraduate ethics training, supervisory failure to confront the ethical and countertransference dimensions of common dilemmas and professional isolation. Rather than eliciting the hope of emotional support and greater insight, professional resources on the contrary mostly appeared to induce anxiety, mistrust and fearfulness. Based on the data and the literature, a pragmatic psychoanalytically informed ethical decision-making model was finally generated. The model, which considers both principle ethics as well as countertransference phenomena, offers a preliminary contribution to professional dialogue on the development and evaluation of empirically based decision-making frameworks. Practical recommendations are made for both the revision of the current South African ethics code and for improving the postqualifying ethics education of psychoanalytic practitioners and supervisors. The limitations of the data are discussed and directions for future research initiatives are proposed.
Books on the topic "Ecology Moral and ethical aspects"
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Chahal, S. K. Ecology redesigning genes: Ethical and Sikh perspective. Amritsar: Singh Brothers, 2005.
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Corey, Anton, ed. Valuation and media ecology: Ethics, morals, and laws. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2010.
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Anton, Corey. Valuation and media ecology: Ethics, morals, and laws. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2010.
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Boff, Leonardo. Etica da vida. Brasília: Letraviva, 1999.
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Hui gui zi ran: Xin shi ji de sheng tai lun li. Fuzhou Shi: Fujian ren min chu ban she, 2004.
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Brenner, Andreas. Ökologie-Ethik. Leipzig: Reclam, 1996.
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The moral ecology of markets: Assessing claims about markets and justice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
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Australian, Science Technology and Engineering Council. Environmental research ethics: National principles and guidelines for the ethical conduct of research in protected and environmentally sensitive areas. [Canberra: The Council], 1998.
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Jensen, Derrick. Listening to the land: Conversations about nature, culture, and Eros. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1995.
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Jensen, Derrick. Listening to the land: Conversations about nature, culture, and Eros. New York: Sierra Club Books, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ecology Moral and ethical aspects"
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Giosan, Cezar. "Moral and Ethical Aspects in CET." In SpringerBriefs in Psychology, 31–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38874-4_6.
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Kasher, Asa. "At the Edge of Viability: Philosophical, Moral and Ethical Aspects and Proposals." In The Embryo: Scientific Discovery and Medical Ethics, 371–400. Basel: KARGER, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000082237.
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Huppenbauer, Markus, and Carmen Tanner. "Ethical Leadership – How to Integrate Empirical and Ethical Aspects for Promoting Moral Decision Making in Business Practice." In Empirically Informed Ethics: Morality between Facts and Norms, 239–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01369-5_14.
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Quarteroni, Alfio. "BIG DATA—BIG BROTHER (or, on the Ethical and Moral Aspects of Artificial Intelligence)." In Algorithms for a New World, 55–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96166-4_6.
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Miller, Gloria J. "Artificial Intelligence Project Success Factors—Beyond the Ethical Principles." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 65–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98997-2_4.
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AbstractThe algorithms implemented through artificial intelligence (AI) and big data projects are used in life-and-death situations. Despite research that addresses varying aspects of moral decision-making based upon algorithms, the definition of project success is less clear. Nevertheless, researchers place the burden of responsibility for ethical decisions on the developers of AI systems. This study used a systematic literature review to identify five categories of AI project success factors in 17 groups related to moral decision-making with algorithms. It translates AI ethical principles into practical project deliverables and actions that underpin the success of AI projects. It considers success over time by investigating the development, usage, and consequences of moral decision-making by algorithmic systems. Moreover, the review reveals and defines AI success factors within the project management literature. Project managers and sponsors can use the results during project planning and execution.
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Gómez-Parra, María-Elena, and Bashar Daiss. "The Concept of Change and the Teachers’ Role on the Implementing Technological Transformation at School." In Educational Theory in the 21st Century, 79–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9640-4_4.
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AbstractThe concept of change includes a variety of topics, situations, disciplines, dimensions, and aspects. Its diversity and impact on individuals and organizations has led to an array of definitions, models, and theories. Thus, changes constitute a response to values, transformations that are interpreted as opportunities to improve an organization’s resilience and increase its achievements. This chapter will further discuss the concept of change, leading to a deep analysis of teachers’ moral and ethical role in one of the most impactful changes in schools: the technological revolution. If teachers believe that change is necessary, they will make great efforts to implement it effectively both in class and at school. International examples will be shown (e.g., Israel, USA, UK, and Turkey), and conclusions will be drawn regarding the need to specifically train teachers to raise their ICT awareness and understand the drawbacks and risks of technology in the twenty-first century. Schools’ transformation in information and communication is not just a technological revolution but also a social and ethical change that involves teachers in a complex weave of technologies, its creators and users, their interactions, and the social context.
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Smith, Marcus, and Seumas Miller. "The Rise of Biometric Identification: Fingerprints and Applied Ethics." In Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90256-8_1.
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AbstractIn the late nineteenth century, it became understood that the patterns on the skin of the fingers were unique and could be used for identification purposes, leading to the development of biometric identification (Smith M, Mann M, Urbas G. Biometrics, crime and security. Routledge, 2018). The ease with which fingerprints can be accessed and recorded, and the ease with which they transfer to surfaces and objects, made them ideal for law enforcement purposes. Today, in digital form, fingerprints and other biometric identification techniques, notably DNA profiles and facial recognition technology, are a widely used means of identification across a range of applications, from accessing personal devices, to banking, border security and law enforcement. However, these uses have raised a raft of ethical or moral (we use these terms interchangeably) concerns, some of the more important of which we discuss in this work.In the first chapter, we discuss general aspects of biometric identification, before focusing on fingerprint identification, including its reliability as form of evidence. Secondly, we provide an overview of applied ethics; and outline a key theoretical notion, relevant to many of the issues discussed throughout the later chapters: collective responsibility. Finally, we analyse the ethical risks and benefits associated with the technique of fingerprint identification.
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"Moral Values and Legal Reasoning: Some Aspects of Their Mutual Relations." In Ethical Dimensions of Legal Theory, 15–32. BRILL, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004457225_003.
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"Human Rights: Moral Ethical Social Medical and Legal Aspects." In Multidimensional Curriculum Enhancing Future Thinking Literacy, 198–219. Brill | Sense, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004375208_012.
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Keane, Webb. "Awareness and Change." In Ethical Life. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167732.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses the idea of ethical history, looking at situations in which hitherto taken-for-granted aspects of everyday life came to be the focus of attention, such as feminist consciousness-raising in the 1960s and 1970s. Indeed, the American feminist movement is the invention and promulgation of the technique of consciousness-raising. Consciousness-raising is interesting for several reasons: it took very seriously the effects of problematizing the habits of everyday life, it succeeded in changing the descriptions and evaluations of actions and persons that were available for many Americans, and it ultimately foundered, in part, on an unresolved tension between subjective experience and objective social analysis. The chapter then argues that processes like this play an important role in the historical transformations of ethical and moral worlds.
Conference papers on the topic "Ecology Moral and ethical aspects"
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Alexandrache, Carmen. "ETHICAL AND MORAL ASPECTS OF THE COMMUNIST EDUCATION AND THEIR REFLECTION IN THE HISTORY ROMANIAN." In 11th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2019.2594.
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Carvalho, Luiz Paulo, Lucas Murakami, José Antonio Suzano, Jonice Oliveira, Kate Revoredo, and Flávia Maria Santoro. "Ethics: What is the Research Scenario in the Brazilian Conference BRACIS?" In Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2022.227590.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents many ethical dilemmas, such as explainability, bias, military uses, surveillance capitalism, employment, and jobs. In the scientific context, AI can lead us to a crisis of reproducibility spread across several areas of knowledge and guide mathematicians to solve high complexity problems. Both companies and government forward their guidelines, recommendations, and materials combining Ethics and AI. In this paper, we investigate the involvement of the Brazilian academic-scientific community with moral or ethical aspects through its publications, covering the Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems (BRACIS) as the most prominent Brazilian AI conference. Through a Literature Systematic Review method, we answer the main research question: what is the panorama of the explicit occurrence of ethical aspects in the BRACIS, ENIAC, and STIL conference papers? The results indicate a low occurrence of ethical aspects and increasing behavior over the years. Ethical deliberation was fruitful, constructive, and critical among these few occurrences. Whether in the Brazilian or international context, there are spaces to be filled and open opportunities for exploration along this path.
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BAKER, Jennifer. "VIRTUE ETHICS BEHIND RIGHTS." In Proceedings of The Third International Scientific Conference “Happiness and Contemporary Society”. SPOLOM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2022.4.
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Virtue ethics is not typically invoked by academics today for the evaluation of political systems or political action. We could, however, recognize its potential role in this regard, turning to the history of its use as illustration. Interpreters who have attempted to theorize about political rights apart from moral psychology fail to recognize the support the underlying moral psychology provides to the notion of rights. Contemporary objections to the use of ethical theory in justifying rights may assume political theory is adequate enough when kept in terms that abstract away from any particular aspects of moral psychology. Yet a virtue-based approach to political system recognizes the desires for freedom, the risk of preferences being subsumed into a consequentialist assessment, and more readily enables agents themselves to assess what is necessary to condemn political systems as well as political efforts, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Key words: Rights, Law, Moral Psychology, Cicero, Virtue, Rawls, Virtue Ethics
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Makalyutin, Vladsilav. "PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MEDIA PROCEDURE IN MODERN RUSSIA." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/142-152.
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The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the implementation of the mediation procedure in Russia. The author noted that mediation on the path of its development in the country encountered a number of obstacles of a moral, ethical, psychological, economic and legislative nature, the solution and settlement of which requires certain efforts both from the side of society and public organizations, and from the state. Using the method of analytical review of theoretical and practical developments of domestic researchers and legislative documents, the article identifies the following problems of mediation: low legal culture of the population; lack of confidence in this service; lack of awareness of society as a whole, and of citizens in particular, about mediation, its advantages as an alternative to the trial method; the position of the parties that do not want to compromise; the difficulty of choosing a mediator - as a highly professional person; mainly the social foundations for the development of mediation and insufficient state support. These problems are interrelated, therefore, their solution requires an integrated approach.
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Jiang, Ying. "A Care-oriented Design Process Model for Sustainable Design Education." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002421.
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In the unsustainable development of commodity production and resource consumption, designers are both part of the root of the problem and the agents of its solution. Education institutions and teaching plans bear a profound moral responsibility to improve designers’ ability to create a sustainable future. This chapter goes deep into the design education curriculum to explore a design process model that can be specifically applied to the field of care design.Education for sustainable development has become the main concern of environmental education since the 1990s (United Nations 1992). David W. Orr calls for an education system shift: ‘This crisis cannot be solved by the same kind of education that helped create the problems. Against the test of sustainability, our ideas, theories, sciences, humanities, social sciences, pedagogy, and educational institutions have not measured up’ (1992, p. 83). The UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014) highlighted the key role of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), aiming at ‘integrating the principles and practices of sustainable development into all aspects of education and learning, to encourage changes in knowledge, values and attitudes with the vision of enabling a more sustainable and just society for all’ (UNESCO, 2005, p.9). It fundamentally mobilized education to create relevant teaching rationales, teaching methods and learning content.The evolution of design for sustainability has been advanced ESD in higher education institutions and has created a wide array of teaching methods and tools, such as Service Design (Miso, 2020), Design Futuring (Fry, 2009), Transition Design (Jones, 2014), Systemic Design (Irwin, 2015), Design for Behaviour Change (Bhamra & Dewberry, 2007) and Ecology of Care (Coxon, 2017). The continuous improvement of sustainable design education helps designers to conceive a number of different conceptual solutions as a whole, and to take into consideration the wide array of impacts that their decisions have on people, the environment and the economy. However, the problem in curriculum education is that its focus is more on the designer’s sustainable achievements, rather than the designer's sustainable awareness and behavior changes. Strengthen the correlation between designers’sustainability awareness and design results would be appreciated.East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) is a comprehensive university with a strong background in science and engineering. The fundamental design course teaching at the School of Art Design and Media has provided me with excellent research opportunities. In this context, I could integrate the care-oriented sustainable design course into the curriculum system and conduct research directly. I noticed that sustainable design is a special and independent concept rarely mentioned in existing design courses. As expected from traditional courses, design courses focus on creating visually compelling and fully functional works. Although some ‘green’ design projects are sometimes carried out, in most cases green design courseworks focus on finding solutions in terms of principles, technology, materials, etc., and finally propose a small product design concept without considering the whole systemof thought at the basis of design. Also, most part of the courses are devoted to the introduction of the double diamond model that guides the design process, even though it does not make full use of the scientific nature of the design process itself. Sometimes, design research is separated from design results. I am interested in reshaping the way designers think about sustainability in the field of traditional design education, by considering all the different impacts of design decisions on people, the environment and the economy.By understanding the nature of care, I intend to develop a design process model and teaching tools from the perspective of care, which can be extrapolated as a care-oriented, sustainable design education course. The design process can be seen as a learning process which provides deeper information about sustainability challenges and opportunities by influencing students’ design thinking and design activity. On the one hand, the design process model could build a clear teaching idea for teachers. On the other hand, it could raise students’ awareness of caring, and transform this consciousness into specific design schemes, which can provide insight into problems and propose solutions from larger and more complex perspectives, thereby generating new sustainable design ideas. This newly developed design process emphasizes the role of the immediate-environment in promoting clients and products care.