Journal articles on the topic 'Ecology Field work'
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Bergström, Gunnar. "Chemical ecology = chemistry + ecology!" Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 12 (January 1, 2007): 2305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779122305.
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Chemical ecology (CE) is an active, interdisciplinary field between chemistry and biology, which, stimulated by natural curiosity and possible applied aspects, has grown to its present position during the last 40-odd years. This area has now achieved a degree of maturity with its own journals, its own international society with annual meetings, and many enthusiastic scientists in laboratories around the world. The focus is on chemical communication and other chemical interactions between organisms, including volatile chemical signals, which guide behaviors linked to various vital needs. It reflects both biodiversity and chemodiversity. All living organisms have these important signal systems, which go back to the origins of life. Successful work in this area has called for close collaboration between chemists and biologists of different descriptions. It is thus a good example of chemistry for biology. The aim of the article is to give a short introduction to the field, with an emphasis on the role of chemistry in a biological context by: giving an overview of the development of the area; showing some examples of studies of chemical communication in insects and plants, basically from our own work; and describing some current trends and tendencies and possible future developments.
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Kowarik, Ingo. "Herbert Sukopp – an inspiring pioneer in the field of urban ecology." Urban Ecosystems 23, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-00983-7.
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Abstract Urban ecology is a well-established integrative discipline with many historical roots. One of the eminent pioneers of urban ecology is the German ecologist Herbert Sukopp, who works in Berlin since the late 1950s and is often referred to as the founder of the "Berlin School of Urban Ecology". On the occasion of his 90th anniversary in 2020, this paper aims to recognize and commemorate the major contributions of Sukopp to the field of urban ecology, based on his scientific work and on results of an online survey on his perception in the international scientific community. Sukopp’s contributions were groundbreaking for the establishment of urban ecology. Specifically, his work furthered: (1) the performance of comprehensive biodiversity studies across all land-use types within the city, in relation to the specifics of urban environments; (2) the establishment of modern approaches of nature conservation in cities and their integration into all land-use types, and the city as a whole; (3) the formation of a multidisciplinary conceptual basis of urban ecology as a modern science, with combined scientific and applied perspectives, ultimately aiming at the preservation and further development of nature within cities for the benefit of urban residents. Herbert Sukopp is thus an important and inspiring pioneer in the field of urban ecology.
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Poole, Alex H. "The conceptual ecology of digital humanities." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 91–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-05-2016-0065.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to dissect key issues and debates in digital humanities, an emerging field of theory and practice. Digital humanities stands greatly to impact the Information and Library Science (ILS) professions (and vice versa) as well as the traditional humanities disciplines. Design/methodology/approach This paper explores the contours of digital humanities as a field, touching upon fundamental issues related to the field’s coalescence and thus to its structure and epistemology. It looks at the ways in which digital humanities brings new approaches and sheds new light on manifold humanities foci. Findings Digital humanities work represents a vital new current of interdisciplinary, collaborative intellectual activity both in- and outside the academy; it merits particular attention from ILS. Research limitations/implications This paper helps potential stakeholders understand the intellectual and practical framework of the digital humanities and “its relationship” to their own intellectual and professional work. Originality/value This paper critically synthesizes previous scholarly work in digital humanities. It has particular value for those in ILS, a community that has proven especially receptive to the field, as well as to scholars working in many humanities disciplines. Digital humanities has already made an important impact on both LIS and the humanities; its impact is sure to grow.
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Balabanova, Anna, and Nadezhda Keschyan. "Problems of development of environmental initiatives of the public and business in cooperation with municipal management." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913504013.
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The article studies the problems of the public and business in the field of development of environmental initiatives and the problems of interaction with the municipal environmental management. The research was conducted in the tourist city of Russia, where ecology is of great importance for the development of tourism. The regulatory legal acts of the city and the municipal environmental management system were researched. A survey was also conducted of public organizations and businesses, which in the city became the initiators and participants of environmental projects. The research confirmed that there are problems highlighted by the public and business in the development of environmental initiatives in collaboration with municipal environmental management. Some problems create obstacles to the development of initiatives and reduce the level of business’s desire to spend their time and resources in the field of ecology. The initiatives of business and the public were ahead of the legislation both at the state level and at the municipal level. These initiatives made it possible to organize work to promote the environmental literacy of the population and separate waste collection. The absence of a system of interaction with organizations involved in environmental activities and responsible for this system of the post, the lack of educational work in the field of environmental literacy of the population and representatives of the city administration, the lack of a single information resource in the field of ecology and environmental initiatives of the city have a negative impact on the number of city initiatives in the field of ecology., insufficient education and clarification in the implementation of state legislation in the field of ecologic and separate waste collection.
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McKinnon, Innisfree, and Colleen C. Hiner. "Does the region still have relevance? (Re)considering "regional" political ecology." Journal of Political Ecology 23, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20182.
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Although the field of political ecology began as fundamentally regional, a clear, coherent regional political ecology approach has failed to emerge. This introductory essay frames a collection of articles compiled to take up the idea of pursuing a specifically regional political ecology, discussing both the problematic and the beneficial aspects of regions and regional approaches. In this introduction, we discuss the strengths and the weaknesses of using the region as a heuristic within the field. Our focus, and that of the articles introduced, is to consider what analytical work this concept can do, addressing the question: how and why how are regions useful within political ecology? Our intention is not to provide a guide to using the concept in political ecology but rather to highlight how regions are currently being used, and to reopen discussions of the utility of the concept for scholars explicitly working towards justice and sustainability in a variety of contexts. After describing the value of a using regional political ecology approach, we emphasize the work still yet to be done, prompting other scholars to consider regional political ecology approaches as they do the work that they do. Keywords: regional political ecology; region; political ecology; geographyThis is the introductory paper in Innisfree McKinnon and Colleen Hiner (eds.) 2015. "(Re)considering regional political ecology?", Special Section of the Journal of Political Ecology 23: 115-203.
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Hwang, Ji Hyoun, Mi Sook Lee, Jeong Ok Rho, Nary Shin, Min-Ah Lee, Jooyung Park, and Minjung Kim. "A Case Study on the Work Experience Program Development in the Field of Human Ecology." Korean Journal of Human Ecology 28, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 541–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2019.28.5.541.
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Carlone, Heidi B., Lacey D. Huffling, Terry Tomasek, Tess A. Hegedus, Catherine E. Matthews, Melony H. Allen, and Mary C. Ash. "‘Unthinkable’ Selves: Identity boundary work in a summer field ecology enrichment program for diverse youth." International Journal of Science Education 37, no. 10 (June 4, 2015): 1524–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2015.1033776.
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Puhek, Miro, Matej Perše, and Andrej Šorgo. "STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF REAL AND VIRTUAL FIELD WORK IN BIOLOGY." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 37, no. 1 (December 15, 2011): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/11.37.98.
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The outdoor education is a method of learning with the exposure to (not exclusively) the natural environment that combines all human senses. Students tend to acknowledge a very positive effect of this kind of learning. It is easier and more memorable to connect the theory with practice, when they see things in nature, rather than to just hear about them in the classroom. Despite its popularity, teachers face various obstacles when they take their students outdoors. Although the outdoor education is included in the Slovenian primary and lower secondary school curriculum, the percentage is not high enough, which depends on various reasons. Teachers defined lack of time, suitability of area around the school, not enough instruments for field work and to expanded curriculum as the main reasons for not including field work in the classes. Some of these obstacles could be solved by implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) into the biology and ecology classes. In this research the results of 192 students’ point of view on the importance of field work, obstacles of that kind of work and the ICT as a solution to support or replace the real field works are presented. All questioned students were prospective teachers, so sooner or later majority of them will face issues connected to the field work and possibilities to solve them with the help of ICT. Key words: biology education, field work, ICT, obstacles, virtual field trips.
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Morton, Timothy. "Guest Column: Queer Ecology." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, no. 2 (March 2010): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.2.273.
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nearer than breathing, closer than hands and feet—George Morrison, “The Reawakening of Mysticism”Ecological criticism and queer theory seem incompatible, but if they met, there would be a fantastic explosion. How shall we accomplish this perverse, Frankensteinian meme splice? I'll propose some hypothetical methods and frameworks for a field that doesn't quite exist—queer ecology. (The pathbreaking work of Catriona Sandilands, Greta Gaard, and the journal Undercurrents must be acknowledged here.) This exercise in hubris is bound to rattle nerves and raise hackles, but please bear with me on this test flight. Start with the basics. Let's not create this field by comparing literary-critical apples and oranges. Let's do it the hard way, up from foundations (or unfoundations). Let's do it in the name of ecology itself, which demands intimacies with other beings that queer theory also demands, in another key. Let's do it because our era requires it—we are losing touch with a fantasy Nature that never really existed (I capitalize Nature to make it look less natural), while we actively and passively destroy life-forms inhabiting and constituting the biosphere, in Earth's sixth mass extinction event. Giving up a fantasy is even harder than giving up a reality.
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Tyser, Robin. "Ecology of Fescue Grasslands in Glacier National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2877.
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Fescue grasslands are important habitat types within several drainage systems in Glacier National Park. A two year field study (1989, 1990) was undertaken to assess factors potentially threatening the integrity of these grasslands. Objectives of this study are to: 1. Identify factors determining the distribution of fescue grasslands; 2. Describe plant and vertebrate communities inhabiting fescue grasslands; 3. Identify factors that are potentially disruptive to the natural integrity of fescue grasslands; and 4. Develop a management model that includes hypotheses to be tested by management actions. Field work for both first and second seasons has now been completed and data analysis is in progress.
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Debinski, Diane, Robert Klaver, Julie Blanchong, and Sue Fairbanks. "Iowa State University Field Trip Report: Ecology and Evolution in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 36 (January 1, 2013): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2013.4019.
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Iowa State Universityâs graduate program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (EEB) requires that all graduate students participate in one field trip class during their graduate career. In this 2 credit class students learn about the ecology of the ecosystem that they will be visiting via seminars and lectures during the semester. The classroom teaching culminates in a field trip experience. During the field trip the students have an opportunity to meet local scientists, researchers, land managers and representatives from non-government agencies. They then write up a summary of their work and are graded on these activities.
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Loyola, Laura Cyra. "Financial Barriers to Primatological Field Work: a Brief Commentary." International Journal of Primatology 40, no. 4-5 (August 29, 2019): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-019-00102-0.
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Steegmann,, A. Theodore, Sharon J. Hewner, and Francisco A. Datar. "Field test of self-paced work capacity: Ifugao rice farmers." American Journal of Human Biology 12, no. 2 (March 2000): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(200003/04)12:2<192::aid-ajhb4>3.0.co;2-u.
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Hembry, David H., and Marjorie G. Weber. "Ecological Interactions and Macroevolution: A New Field with Old Roots." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 51, no. 1 (November 2, 2020): 215–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-121505.
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Linking interspecific interactions (e.g., mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism) to macroevolution (evolutionary change on deep timescales) is a key goal in biology. The role of species interactions in shaping macroevolutionary trajectories has been studied for centuries and remains a cutting-edge topic of current research. However, despite its deep historical roots, classic and current approaches to this topic are highly diverse. Here, we combine historical and contemporary perspectives on the study of ecological interactions in macroevolution, synthesizing ideas across eras to build a zoomed-out picture of the big questions at the nexus of ecology and macroevolution. We discuss the trajectory of this important and challenging field, dividing research into work done before the 1970s, research between 1970 and 2005, and work done since 2005. We argue that in response to long-standing questions in paleobiology, evidence accumulated to date has demonstrated that biotic interactions (including mutualism) can influence lineage diversification and trait evolution over macroevolutionary timescales, and we outline major open questions for future research in the field.
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Bashkirova, Svetlana Nikolaevna, Irina Nikolaevna Pavlenko, and Inna Mikhailovna Yanykina. "«Soul ecology» – problems in formation of the new Person." Development of education, no. 1 (1) (September 25, 2018): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-11348.
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Methods of psychoemotional health formation of students in the field of a healthy way of life carried out by means of medical and biological education on the basis of development of various educational competences together with the leading universities of the city PGU, VGMUPMFI are presented in the article. As a result of the joint work of the entire teaching staff, the competence of all participants in the educational process in the field of healthy lifestyle development will further help students to find their place in the world. Education is presented as highly motivated and personally-oriented, ensuring the maximum demand for personal potential, recognition of the person around and awareness of own importance.
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Recalcatti de Andrade, Aline. "Contribuições de Marx sobre a relação sociedade-natureza e o imperialismo ecológico na América Latina." AMBIENTES: Revista de Geografia e Ecologia Política 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 128–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.48075/amb.v4i1.28184.
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A Ecologia Política é um campo de estudos que possui uma contextualização histórica e se divide em correntes teóricas e discussões epistemológicas. Uma dessas vertentes é a ecologia marxista, que se baseia no pensamento de Marx e Engels e utiliza o método do materialismo histórico para analisar a questão da natureza. Assim, o presente trabalho busca entender as contribuições mais elementares da ecologia marxista para o campo da ecologia política latino-americana, através do enfoque sobre a relação entre sociedade-natureza, interpretada teoricamente pelos ecologistas marxistas das teses de Marx e o conceito de imperialismo ecológico, que na realidade concreta, possui um forte papel na dominação da natureza na América Latina. O artigo estrutura-se em uma inicial explicação sobre as principais contribuições do pensamento de Marx, como o conceito de metabolismo social, que se refere a sua concepção da relação entre a natureza e o ser humano e sua “fratura” no modo de produção capitalista, essencial para entender o funcionamento do capitalismo sobre a exploração da natureza. Nesse trabalho, o principal objetivo é apontar quais são os conceitos mais centrais que o pensamento marxista, através da sua interpretação dos textos marxianos focados na ecologia, pode agregar à questão ecológica na América Latina. Por isso, em seguida se insere ao debate a concepção de imperialismo ecológico, sendo uma das questões que mais afeta os países do Sul Global, portanto central para a argumentação, para, assim, trazer o diálogo entre a ecologia política latino-americana e as leituras da ecologia marxista das contribuições de Marx. O artigo se classifica como uma pesquisa teórica e adota-se como pressuposto que a ecologia pode ser uma importante ferramenta social e política, que tem a potencialidade de atuar como força política emancipatória. Palavras-chave: Ecologia marxista; Relação sociedade-natureza; América Latina; Imperialismo ecológico. Contributions by Marx on the society-nature relation and the ecological imperialism in Latin America Abstract Political ecology is a field of study that is historically contextualized and is divided into theoretical currents and epistemological discussions. One of them is Marxist ecology, which is based on Marx’s and Engels’s thought and uses the method of historical materialism to analyze the issue of nature. Thus, aim of this paper is to understand the main contributions of Marxist ecology to Latin American political ecology by focusing on the relations between society and nature, theoretically interpreted by Marxist ecologists on Marx’s thesis and the concept of ecological imperialism, analyzed by Marxist ecology authors, which in concrete reality has a strong role in the domination of nature in Latin America. The article is structured in an initial explanation of the main contributions of Marx's thought, as the concept of social metabolism refers to his conception of the relations between nature and the human being, and its “fracture” in the capitalist production mode, essential to understand the functioning of capitalism on the exploitation of nature. In this academic work, the main objective is to point out what are the most central concepts that the Marxist thought, by its interpretation of the Marxian work focused on ecology, can contribute to the ecological issue in Latin America. For this reason, the concept of ecological imperialism is added to the debate, as one of the issues that most affect the countries of the Global South, therefore central to the argument, to make a correlation between Latin America political ecology and the reading of Marxist ecology from Marx’s contributions. The article is classified as theoretical research and it is assumed that ecology can be an important social and political tool, which has the potential to act as an emancipatory political force. Keywords: Marxist Ecology; Society-nature relation; Latin America; Ecological Imperialism. Contribuciones de Marx sobre la relación sociedad-naturaleza y el imperialismo ecológico en Latinoamérica La Ecología Política es un campo de estudios que tiene una contextualización histórica y se separa en corrientes teóricas y debates epistemológicas. Una de estas vertientes es la ecología marxista, que se basa en el pensamiento de Marx y Engels y utiliza el método del materialismo histórico para analizar la cuestión de la naturaleza. Así, el presente trabajo busca comprender los aportes más elementares de la ecología marxista al campo de la ecología política latinoamericana, a través del enfoque sobre la relación entre sociedad-naturaleza interpretada teóricamente por los ecologistas marxistas de las tesis de Marx y el concepto de imperialismo ecológico, que, en la realidad concreta, tiene un fuerte papel en el dominio de la naturaleza en América Latina. El artículo se estructura en una inicial explicación de los principales aportes del pensamiento de Marx, como el concepto de metabolismo social, que se refiere a la relación entre la naturaleza y el ser humano y su “fractura” en el modo de producción capitalista, fundamental para comprender el funcionamiento del capitalismo sobre la explotación de la naturaleza. En este trabajo, el objetivo principal es señalar cuales son los conceptos más centrales que el pensamiento marxista, desde su interpretación de los textos marxianos con enfoque en la ecología, puede añadir cuestión ecológica en Latinoamérica. Por ello, luego se suma al debate la concepción de imperialismo ecológico, que es uno de los temas que más afecta a los países del Sur Global, por lo tanto, central para la argumentación, para, así, aportar el diálogo entre la ecología política latinoamericana y las lecturas desde la ecología marxista a partir de las contribuciones de Marx. El artículo se clasifica como una investigación teórica y se asume que la ecología puede ser una importante herramienta social y política, que tiene el potencial de actuar como una fuerza política emancipadora. Palabras Clave: Ecología Marxista; Relación sociedad-naturaleza; Latinoamérica; Imperialismo Ecológico.
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Knight, Lauren Elizabeth. "‘Creator gave us two ears and one mouth’." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 13, no. 1 (November 5, 2021): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v13i1.297.
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Acoustic ecology has served as a foundational theoretical field for many sound scholars to understand the soundscape as a signifier for environmental crisis. While sound theorists like R. Murray Schafer and those in the World Soundscape Project have developed ways in which to critically analyze environmental soundscapes, these methods have often excluded Indigenous narratives which offer complex understandings of sound through embodied experience. In this paper I employ a brief description of acoustic ecology, drawing attention to its benefits as a methodological approach to sonic ordering, while also demonstrating the possibilities for expansion of this field when examined in conversation with Canadian Indigenous perspectives and notable sonic activist movements. I address how Indigenous knowledge systems, futurisms, art, and activism can provide critical perspectives within the field of acoustic ecology, which lends well to understanding soundscapes of crisis. I identify a few case studies of sonic forward Indigenous environmental movements which include game design by Elizabeth LaPensée, Rebecca Belmore’s Wave Sound sculpture, and the Round Dance Revolution within the Idle No More movement. In sum, this paper works to bridge the work of acoustic ecology and Indigenous sonic movements to encourage a complex and nuanced relationship to sound, and to explore moments for understanding sonic intersections at the forefront of environmental crisis.
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Lewis, A. J., and J. M. Affolter. "The State Botanical Garden of Georgia: A Living Laboratory for Student Education." HortTechnology 9, no. 4 (January 1999): 570–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.4.570.
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The State Botanical Garden of Georgia serves as an important academic resource for the University of Georgia by supporting interdisciplinary learning experiences in fields including botany, horticulture, environmental design, ecology, anthropology, geography, instructional technology, science education, entomology, forestry, and art. Field trips, independent study, internships, work-study and other botanical garden experiences strengthen and support the university's teaching, research and public service/outreach missions.
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McNeil, James, Anneke DeLuycker, and Sarah Putman. "Using Environmental DNA to Connect Lab Science with Field Practice." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.4.285.
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Experiential learning helps students make connections between different skill sets and allows them to engage in a deeper level of inquiry. To enhance the connection between field and laboratory practice for undergraduate students in our wildlife ecology curriculum, we developed an exercise using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. eDNA sampling involves extracting and amplifying the DNA from specific organisms from an environmental sample, rather than from the organisms themselves, and has been rapidly adopted by conservation practitioners around the world. In our activity, students collect water samples from a local pond and process them to detect the presence of American bullfrogs. Practicing this procedure not only introduces them to professional skills they may utilize in their careers, but also helps create context for how laboratory science and field work support each other and can be used to connect to larger issues of conservation, environmental studies, or ecology.
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Larsen, Soren C. "Regions of care: a political ecology of reciprocal materialities." Journal of Political Ecology 23, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20187.
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Indigenous "country" or "land" is a region of reciprocities constituted through the relationships and obligations that preserve the continuity of life. It is a "region of care." In picking up and developing this phrase, this article opens a discussion about how regional political ecology can build from the materialist perspectives of contemporary scholarship and Indigenous politics. If, as some materialist scholars have argued, the political field in the Anthropocene is now more than ever an ecology of problems, how might regional political ecology use these perspectives to address the challenges of coexistence among humans, nonhumans, and other things? The article explores how praxis oriented around "regions of care" helps those involved in political-ecological work confront these challenges in an experimental politics that respects and works with nonhuman, material agencies through place-based relationships and networks. In this way, regional political ecology addresses the new environmental politics of the Anthropocene in a way that is attuned to the concerns of the many communities engaged in the challenges of coexistence.Key words: Anthropocene, Indigenous, materiality, political ecology, region
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Lachenal, Guillaume. "At home in the postcolony: Ecology, empire and domesticity at the Lamto field station, Ivory Coast." Social Studies of Science 46, no. 6 (July 7, 2016): 877–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312716649800.
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This article is a history of the field station Lamto, in Ivory Coast, which was created by French ecologists in 1962, after independence. It retraces the origins, the logics and the contradictions of an extraordinarily ambitious scientific project, which aimed at the systematic, holistic, quantitative and multi-disciplinary description of a unit of African nature – the savannah ecosystem. It explores how knowledge-making was articulated with work hierarchies and postcolonial politics, lifestyles, values and affects. It reconstitutes the political ecology of a research station in ecology, following in its residences, laboratories and open-air experiments the co-production of domesticity, nature, science and (post-)colonial situations.
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Wesner, Ashton, Sophie Sapp Moore, Jeff Vance Martin, Gabi Kirk, Laura Dev, and Ingrid Behrsin. "Left Coast Political Ecology: a manifesto." Journal of Political Ecology 26, no. 1 (October 6, 2019): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v26i1.23539.
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<span style="font-size: 10px;">Left Coast Political Ecology (LCPE) is a network of undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral scholars and faculty engaged in a collective practice of political ecology grounded in strong connection to the "Left Coast" of North America. In this manifesto, we build on successful 2015 and 2018 workshops on the practice and value of political ecology today to communicate our origins, efforts, and ideas towards building a community of praxis amid the urgencies and uncertainties of our time. We first articulate those organizing and theoretical lineages that influence and inform our work. We trace the evolution of LCPE through diverse genealogies and cross-pollinations – from the "Berkeley School" to Black, Indigenous, feminist, and decolonial studies, through political struggles within and beyond the academy. In grappling with the challenges of our institutional histories of settler-colonial, capitalist, and racist dispossession, we then propose a "coastal epistemology", one that troubles the notion of a settler-colonial or neoliberal "frontier" while finding value in encounter, conversation, and emergence. We seek to make transparent our positions of relative privilege as well as the precarious contexts in which we work and live, while mobilizing and embodying political ecology's long-standing normative and liberatory aims. Next we share some of the diverse methodological approaches employed by our members and collective, with the aim of providing inspiration and solidarity to others contending with similar challenges. Ultimately, we suggest a vision for what a political ecology adequate to our moment might look like and require: a necessarily collective and hopeful project, amid processes of colonial violence, capitalist inequity, and climate catastrophe. The Left Coast Political Ecology network invites you to dream and organize with us, to share resources, experiences, and community, and to help push our field and our institutions toward more socially just and ecologically sustainable futures.</span><p>Keywords: Coastal epistemology, Left Coast, network, radical geography, praxis, West Coast</p>
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Sadowski, Ryszard F. "Ewolucja poglądów Juliana Haynesa Stewarda na temat ekologii kulturowej." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2007): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2007.5.1.04.
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Julian H. Steward is the author of anthropological approach called cultural ecology. Steward had been working on the concept for about forty years and used that approach in both his theoretical and field works, the version of cultural ecology presented in his most famous work Theory of Culture Change (1955) is significantly different than the form of the approach published in 1968. The goal of this essay is to present evolution in Steward’s understanding of cultural ecology, and to show the differences between the two main versions of the approach, the main difference between them is the disaperence of cultural core and three procedures - ideas which were the basis of the earlier form of cultural ecology. Changes in Steward’s approach caused problems for his other concept, especially for multilinear evolution of culture and the concept of types of culture.
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Peterson, David. "The depth of fields: Managing focus in the epistemic subcultures of mind and brain science." Social Studies of Science 47, no. 1 (September 21, 2016): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312716663047.
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The ‘psy’ sciences emerged from the tangled roots of philosophy, physiology, biology and medicine, and these origins have produced heterogeneous fields. Scientists in these areas work in a complex, overlapping ecology of fields that results in the constant co-presence of dissonant theories, methods and research objects. This raises questions regarding how conceptual clarity is maintained. Using the optical metaphor ‘depth of field’, I show how researchers in all fields marginalize potential threats to routine scientific work by framing them as either too broad and imprecise or too narrow and technical. The appearance of this defocusing and devaluing across sites suggests a general aspect of scientific cognition, rather than a by-product of any specific scientific dispute.
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Kirichenko, M. N., L. L. Chaikov, M. A. Kazaryan, and N. A. Bulychev. "APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING IN BIOMEDICINE AND ECOLOGY." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 01-03 (February 25, 2019): 80–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2019.01-03.080-103.
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The review is devoted to the modern state of science in the field of light scattering techniques application in the biomedicine and ecology. The theoretical basis of dynamic and static light scattering and the results of modern works of their using for different aims are presented in the work. Since these methods are non-invasive and do not disturb the essential course of different processes, they are useful and irreplaceable for studying the biological samples. Application of the methods for studying of the hydrodynamic radii, molecular weights and distributions of light scattering on biomacromolecular particle sizes in biological liquids already led to the development of techniques of diagnostics of different socially-important deceases (cancer, cardiovascular deceases, and diabetes). The authors of diagnostics found that the ratio of the light intensity on the sizes of albumins and globulins, the mean hydrodynamic radius of protein aggregates and the second virial coefficient are the sensitive parameters to pathological processes development in the human body. The review also presents the results of the works devoted to the study of theinflu ence of the low doses of ions of heavy metals and radioactive radiation on different groups of the population by light scattering. The results showed, for example, that the people involved in the nuclear industry have metabolic disorders. Such works open the possibility of application of light scattering technique for sanogenetic control of the population health, which is relevant from the ecological point of view of environmentally unfriendly territories and industries. The study of the structure and properties of the polymeric and biological gels and effects of different factors on them (including nanoparticles) is the perspective field of light scattering application. The works and their results presented in the review show the broad application of light scattering technique for different biological and ecological aims.
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Debouck, D. G. "Phaseolus beans (Leguminosae, Phaseoleae): a checklist and notes on their taxonomy and ecology." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 15, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 73–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v15.i1.1052.
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This work presents an updated list of the species belonging to the genus Phaseolus following its definition of 1978; it is the outcome of the study of eighty-six herbaria and forty-one explorations in the field in the period 1978–2019. There are currently eighty-one species, all of them native to the Americas, most of them distributed north of Panama (the genus is a migrant into South America), and half of them being known by very few records. They thrive in warm to mild temperate, seasonally dry, open forest, with rains under favorable temperature, from sea level up to 3,000 m. The recent increase in the number of recognized species is due to the endemic ones; this in combination with few unclassified specimens may indicate that the total number of species is not final yet, and that field work will be rewarding.
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Perreault, Mildred F., and Gregory P. Perreault. "Journalists on COVID-19 Journalism: Communication Ecology of Pandemic Reporting." American Behavioral Scientist 65, no. 7 (February 5, 2021): 976–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764221992813.
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In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, journalists have the challenging task of gathering and distributing accurate information. Journalists exist as a part of an ecology in which their work influences and is influenced by the environment that surrounds it. Using the framework of disaster communication ecology, this study explores the discursive construction of journalism during the COVID-19 crisis. To understand this process in the field of journalism, we unpacked discourses concerning the coronavirus pandemic collected from interviews with journalists during the pandemic and from the U.S. journalism trade press using the Discourses of Journalism Database. Through discourse analysis, we discovered that during COVID-19 journalists discursively placed themselves in a responsible but vulnerable position within the communication ecology—not solely as a result of the pandemic but also from environmental conditions that long preceded it. Journalists found their reporting difficult during the pandemic and sought to mitigate the forces challenging their work as they sought to reverse the flow of misinformation.
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Pravosudov, Vladimir V., and Tom V. Smulders. "Integrating ecology, psychology and neurobiology within a food-hoarding paradigm." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1542 (March 27, 2010): 859–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0216.
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Many animals regularly hoard food for future use, which appears to be an important adaptation to a seasonally and/or unpredictably changing environment. This food-hoarding paradigm is an excellent example of a natural system that has broadly influenced both theoretical and empirical work in the field of biology. The food-hoarding paradigm has played a major role in the conceptual framework of numerous fields from ecology (e.g. plant–animal interactions) and evolution (e.g. the coevolution of caching, spatial memory and the hippocampus) to psychology (e.g. memory and cognition) and neurobiology (e.g. neurogenesis and the neurobiology of learning and memory). Many food-hoarding animals retrieve caches by using spatial memory. This memory-based behavioural system has the inherent advantage of being tractable for study in both the field and laboratory and has been shaped by natural selection, which produces variation with strong fitness consequences in a variety of taxa. Thus, food hoarding is an excellent model for a highly integrative approach to understanding numerous questions across a variety of disciplines. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the complexity of animal cognition such as future planning and episodic-like-memory as well as in the relationship between memory, the environment and the brain. In addition, new breakthroughs in neurobiology have enhanced our ability to address the mechanisms underlying these behaviours. Consequently, the field is necessarily becoming more integrative by assessing behavioural questions in the context of natural ecological systems and by addressing mechanisms through neurobiology and psychology, but, importantly, within an evolutionary and ecological framework. In this issue, we aim to bring together a series of papers providing a modern synthesis of ecology, psychology, physiology and neurobiology and identifying new directions and developments in the use of food-hoarding animals as a model system.
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Fedyaeva, Anna, Anastasiya Babintseva, Olga Lezhnina, and Alla Egorova. "Evaluating the effectiveness of integrated marketing communications while implementing a CRM system in the agricultural industry." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 06061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125806061.
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This article deals with the problem of insufficient objective characteristics for determining the productivity of integrated marketing communications in business and organizations of various fields of activity, including those involved in ecology, energy, etc. The relevance of the work is due to the massive distribution of various marketing communications tools, often customized and used today through CRM systems. The aim of the study is to determine the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of integrated marketing communications tools, reflected in CRM systems. The author uses methods of the structural and functional approach. The research is based on the descriptive and analytical method. The result of the work is a list of parameters reflected in the CRM system. They can help consider the degree of effectiveness of integrated marketing communications used in business and organizations of various fields of activity, including those involved in the field of ecology, energy, etc. Moreover, the list of criteria can be used to determine the degree of successful implementation of a CRM system and individual tools of integrated marketing communications.
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Maldonado, Manuel. "The ecology of the sponge larva." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-177.
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The present work summarizes the progress attained in the study of sponge larval ecology since the state-of-the-art reviews performed in the 1970s and stresses the major weaknesses in our current understanding. Most available information on this subject comes from laboratory studies, with just occasional field observations or experiments. The data are also strongly biased because they are mostly derived from just one larval type out the eight types known in the phylum Porifera. Descriptive studies on larval histology are relatively abundant, but investigations directed at unravelling the cytological basis of the main larval behaviors are scarce. Most aspects of basic larval metabolism and sensing processes remain largely not investigated. Modelling of larval ecology is virtually lacking, with no serious attempt to investigate how the major features of larval ecology affect the structure and dynamics of sponge populations. In summary, the ecology of the sponge larva needs further research attention if we are to achieve a global understanding of the biology of the phylum Porifera.
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Purvis, O. William. "A tribute to Oliver Lathe Gilbert." Lichenologist 37, no. 6 (October 27, 2005): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282905900042.
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Oliver Gilbert was a pioneer, an outstanding field botanist and inspirational scientist. He worked in the broad fields of urban and lichen ecology and had almost 40 years of teaching and research experience within universities. Above all he was very approachable, an excellent teacher and fun to be with. Oliver was a leading figure in the British Lichen Society serving as BLS Bulletin Editor (1980–89 except 1987), President (1976–77) and was a frequent Council Member. He was elected an Honorary Member in 1997 and received the prestigious Ursula Duncan Award in January 2004. Oliver had an exceptional ability to find rare and interesting lichens and plant communities that others had overlooked and he constantly challenged conventional wisdom that particular habitats were uninteresting, especially urban habitats. His ecological ‘field craft’ skills were equally legendary. Passion for field work and British Lichen Society field meetings led him to organize a small grant awards scheme to stimulate others to attend field meetings and to submit their results for publication in the BLS Bulletin.
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Tucker, Mary Evelyn. "World Religions, the Earth Charter, and Sustainability." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 12, no. 2-3 (2008): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853508x359930.
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AbstractThis article argues the global environmental crisis shows the need for a broad, inclusive definition of sustainability. It shows how religious traditions can help contribute to broader definitions, and describes how work from the field of Religion and Ecology has developed resources. It argues that the next step for the study of Religion and Ecology is to address sustainability, and then proposes that the Earth Charter provides an orienting framework for that engagement of religion and sustainability.
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Abdollahi, Mahsa, Pierre Giovenazzo, and Tiago H. Falk. "Automated Beehive Acoustics Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Future Work." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 13, 2022): 3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083920.
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Bees play an important role in agriculture and ecology, and their pollination efficiency is essential to the economic profitability of farms. The drastic decrease in bee populations witnessed over the last decade has attracted great attention to automated remote beehive monitoring research, with beehive acoustics analysis emerging as a prominent field. In this paper, we review the existing literature on bee acoustics analysis and report on the articles published between January 2012 and December 2021. Five categories are explored in further detail, including the origin of the articles, their study goal, experimental setup, audio analysis methodology, and reproducibility. Highlights and limitations in each of these categories are presented and discussed. We conclude with a set of recommendations for future studies, with suggestions ranging from bee species characterization, to recording and testing setup descriptions, to making data and codes available to help advance this new multidisciplinary field.
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Aleinikova, Anna M. "Activities of the student association as a contribution to the development of professional skills of students and the beginning of scientific research." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 30, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2022-30-4-537-543.
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In 2022, the Professional Student Society of the RUDN University Ecology Institute turned 10 years old. The Society has made a significant contribution to the environmental education of many generations of environmental students. Many interesting expeditions, volunteer work, quests, round tables, reports were organized. Based on the results of field work, scientific articles and graduation papers were written, agreements were signed with national parks.
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Nicolson, M. ""Towards establishing ecology as a science instead of an art": the work of John T. Curtis on the plant community continuum." Web Ecology 2, no. 1 (February 15, 2001): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-2-1-2001.
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Abstract. Until the 1950s, American plant ecology was dominated by the community-unit theory – that plants grow together in definite communities which constitute the proper subject matter for ecological research. Only H. A. Gleason proposed the alternative "individualistic hypothesis". In the 1950s the nature of the plant community was re-examined in a number of field studies. John Curtis led a re-assessment of ecological theory. This paper provides a historical analysis of aspects of his work. Born in 1913, Curtis did his doctorate at the Univ. of Wisconsin, under Benjamin Duggar, receiving a fine training in physiological research. In 1941, he made a career shift toward community ecology. Dubious of the validity of the concept of the plant community, Curtis began an intensive investigation of the vegetation of Wisconsin. American ecology was in an insecure position, isolated from the mainstream of biological science. Curtis’s ambition was reform – to establish ecology as "a science rather than an art". The improvement of research methodology was a major concern. Curtis and his colleagues found that the best way to arrange the data from their study stands was into a sequence of continuous variation, each dominant gradually peaking in frequency along a continuum. There were no distinct "associations" of species. By the 1970s, the continuum, which Curtis presented as a vindication of Gleason, was accepted as a generally valid description of mature vegetation.
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Hassemer, Gustavo, Amanda P. dos Santos, Alexey B. Shipunov, and Luís A. Funez. "Plantago australis (Plantaginaceae) produces both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers: Field work, herbarium and literature-based evidence." Flora 273 (December 2020): 151724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151724.
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Jandurová, Radka. "Selected aspects of landscape ecology in process land consolidations." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 53, no. 5 (2005): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200553050071.
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Work called „Selected Aspects of landscape ecology in process land consolidations“ aims at providing analysis of some parts of the process of land consolidations. The goal of this work is to analyse and evaluate two aspects of landscape ecology – evaluating the development of the agricultural land creation and the face of a landscape.In order to achieve the above-mentioned goals a model area located in Zlín region was used in the thesis. It is an area registered as Kvítkovice near Otrokovice and a district of complex land consolidation called Kvítkovice.After thoroughly studying theoretical sources and performing field explorations and after their consequent synthesis, several analyses were carried out and methodical solution was suggested. By comparing time series of the model area development, i.e. by the so called evaluation of the intensity of changes of agricultural land exploitation, one can learn from the history and can look for the causes of current discrepancies. This evaluation can be used as the basis for finding the solution for current problems and land proposals.The above mentioned was complemented with the face of a landscape evaluation.The work concludes with stating that today it is necessary to rationally regulate landscape and exploit it in such a manner that it is productive, functional, active but also „beautiful“ for its users in the long term – land consolidations are the ideal tool for achieving that.
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Flachs, Andrew, and Paul Richards. "Playing development roles: the political ecology of performance in agricultural development." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (October 27, 2018): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.23089.
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Performance is a useful lens through which to analyze agrarian life, as performance illuminates the ways that farmers manage the complex socioecological demands of farm work while participating in social life and in the larger political economy. The dialectic of planning and improvisation in the farm field has produced scholarship at multiple scales of political ecology, including the global ramifications of new technologies or policies, as well as the hyper-local engagements between farmers and fields in the context of modernity and development. Political ecologists are also beginning to understand how affects, such as aspirations and frustrations, influence agriculture by structuring how farmers and other stakeholders make decisions about farms, households, capital, and environments. To understand farm work as a performance is to situate it within particular stages, roles, scripts, and audiences at different scales. The articles in this Special Section ask how farmers have improvised, planned, and performed in response to agroecological challenges, bridging scholarship in political ecology, development studies, and the study of agrarian landscapes through new empirical case studies and theoretical contributions. Agriculture both signals social values and fosters improvisations within farming communities' collective vulnerability to weather and the political economy. We argue that the lens of performance situates the political ecology of agriculture within the constraints of the political economy, the aspirations and frustrations of daily life, and the dialectic between improvised responses to change and planning in the field.Keywords: Performance, agriculture, planning, improvisation, agrarian studies
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Biriukova, I. O. "PROJECT «UNIVERSITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE» AS PART OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF ODESA NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY." Library Mercury, no. 2(26) (December 24, 2021): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-3335.2021.2(26).245125.
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One of the effective levers in solving environmental and socio-economic problems of modern Ukraine is educational work in the field of ecology, raising the level of environmental education and the formation of environmental awareness and culture. Libraries play an important role in the system of public institutions that ensure the right of citizens to environmental information. The availability of libraries and appropriate information resources, the introduction of modern technologies as well as qualified personnel allow them to become an irreplaceable partner of society and the state in the field of environmental education. An important component of environmental education of Odesa National Scientific Library is the formation of thematic resources (traditional and electronic) and ensuring free access to them for users. The library provides information support to the educational process and research activity of students, graduates, researchers of higher educational institutions of the country. It also actively works in the direction of knowledge spreading on environmental protection; develops and improves new forms of cooperation with state and public environmental organizations; introduces innovative forms of individual and mass work on environmental education. One of the striking innovative projects, implemented by the library, is the project «University of Environmental Knowledge». During 10 years of project activity (2001‑2011) 106 meetings of the University were organized and held, as well as a number of thematic forums, scientific conferences, round tables, publishing projects, exhibitions of new literature, thematic reviews on ecology and more. The events were attended by more than 12 thousand visitors – students, graduates, professionals working in the field of ecology, members of environmental NGOs, people who are not indifferent to environmental issues. This strengthened the ability of ONSL to act as a powerful information center on environmental issues and made ONSL one of the important parts in solving environmental problems in Odesa Region and Southern Ukraine.
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Nieberding, Caroline M., Hans Van Dyck, and Lars Chittka. "Adaptive learning in non-social insects: from theory to field work, and back." Current Opinion in Insect Science 27 (June 2018): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2018.03.008.
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Slynko, Yu V. "Evolutionary ecology of water animals: concept, subject, experience for application in the analysis of breeding systems." Marine Biological Journal 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2018.03.2.01.
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The basic concepts in the field of evolutionary ecology are presented. A brief historiography of the question is given, the prerequisites for the emergence of this section of biology are given. The definitions of the subject of the study of the discipline in question, as well as brief characteristics of the objects of study, basic concepts and methodological approaches are given. It is pointed out that evolutionary ecology is a section of evolutionary teaching focused on the study of the adaptation and evolution of communities of species, faunas and biogeocenoses. It is emphasized that the subjects of evolutionary ecology studying are species and their populations as well as communities, cenoses and ecosystems. The main idea of the work is reduced to an attempt to implement the epistemological synthesis of two basic methodological approaches: the ecosystem and population approaches. Two preferential methodological approaches in the field of evolutionary ecology are considered: firstly, it is genetic one, namely, population genetic (based on the dynamics of frequencies of polymorphic genes), molecular genetic (dynamics of pairs of nucleotides) and evolutionary genetic (phylogeography and molecular phylogeny); secondly, it is epigenetic one, in particular, the analysis of the developmental trajectories of morphological structures. The principal characteristics of the evolutionary ecology peculiarities of aquatic animals are postulated. An attempt has been made to justify the fact that the evolutionary ecology of aquatic organisms as a whole is of greater interest for studying the processes of adaptation and evolution than terrestrial. In the aquatic environment, all the factors of abiotics, the type of reproduction and the nature of isolation acquire a somewhat greater significance for evolution. The main items of the subject are provided with research materials, which served as the basis for developing their own ideas about evolutionary ecology. The work is significantly concentrated on the problems of evolutionary and ecological importance of interspecific hybridization, in particular on the effective co-adaptation of the genomes of the crossed species. The combination of heterogeneous genomes among remote hybrids can make the evolution of genomes go along to additional and multipolar orientation, which allows to consider hybrids as a living model for studying the problem of coordinating the work of different genomes in ontogenesis, especially during a critical period of early development. It is assumed that the success of hybridization is provided by the forming of a genetic program of a system response to structural transformations of the genome. The main result of our research in this field has not only been the discovery of a fundamentally new system of vertebrates reproduction, but also the evolutionary-ecological consequences of natural remote hybridization.
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Shepard, Glenn H., and Lewis Daly. "Sensory ecologies, plant-persons, and multinatural landscapes in Amazonia." Botany 100, no. 2 (February 2022): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0107.
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Seeking to generate a deeper methodological and theoretical dialogue between botanical science and anthropology, this paper summarizes interdisciplinary approaches to human–plant interactions we have described as “sensory ecology” and “phytoethnography”, applying these concepts to vital questions about human–plant relations in Amazonia. Building on this work, we broaden the scope of our investigations by considering their relevance to the field of historical ecology. In particular, we discuss Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s concept of “multinaturalism” and explore how it can be applied to understanding management and domestication of forest landscapes in Amazonia by Indigenous Peoples.
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Punina, K. A. "POLITICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES: TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN TEACHING PROCESS." Вестник Пермского университета. Политология 16, no. 2 (2022): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-2-123-126.
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The transformation of the understanding and implementation of environmental policy in modern Russia brings the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the training of specialists working in this field to the forefront. Civil society is actively involved in the decision-making process on environmental protection. As a unifying principle for politics and ecology, the public ecology that is still being formed in Russia has been chosen. It actively involves society in generating, solving and evaluating these decisions in the political, social and environmental spheres. In the Perm Region, there are frequent cases of integration of experts from the field of ecology and politics to initiate and make management decisions on the environmental agenda and within the framework of sustainable development. This expert community decided to join forces and develop a joint master program "Public Ecology and Public Policy". Graduates of the program will be able to work in state and local authorities responsible for the environmental situation. They will become versatile specialists and will influence management decision-making, justifying them in a reasoned manner. In addition, they will be able to apply their knowledge in the field of environmental consulting, marketing and communications, as well as journalism that reveals the environmental problems of modern society.
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Wiley, Seth. "Materials Testing - Digital Ecology." Enquiry A Journal for Architectural Research 7, no. 1 (March 27, 2013): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enq:arcc.v7i1.76.
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Access to credible building product performance information throughout the design and construction process is critical to enable project development, vet product selections, ensure as-built quality, and successfully complete construction. This is common knowledge and part of common practice for nearly all parties involved in design and construction. The sources of such information can range from vernacular to formal – from common practice to special reference. The focus of this paper is one of the more formal or specialized information sources, performance testing, as well as how such performance testing information can be better used. This paper’s goals are to familiarize the reader with performance testing and to depict a new kind of valuable informational tool (digital ecology). Reference to pertinent nomenclature, description of a real world example, and detailed description of such an informational tool’s values will be provided.The major content of this paper was developed during project-based work and firm-funded internal research at point b design, ltd. over approximately the previous 4 years. The phrase ‘digital ecology’ as herein used is a new concept proposed by the author. The analysis contained in this paper could be applied to the field of operations and maintenance as it is herein applied to design and construction; however, operations and maintenance is beyond the scope of this paper and may be addressed in future papers. It is my hope that this paper will contribute to tangible and real improvements of the built environment via continued, positive development within academic and professional practice.
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Connolly, Creighton, Panagiota Kotsila, and Giacomo D'Alisa. "Tracing narratives and perceptions in the political ecologies of health and disease." Journal of Political Ecology 24, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20778.
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Abstract Political ecology has, in the past decade, emerged as an increasingly accepted framework for studying issues of health and disease and has thus given rise to a distinct sub-field: the political ecologies of health and disease (PEHD). More recently, scholars have suggested more specific avenues through which the sub-field can be further developed and focused. Building on recent work, we suggest that the role of health perceptions and health discourses is one area that could benefit from examination through the lens of political ecology. The papers in this special section thus intend to further contribute to the empirical richness of this area of study, through an emphasis on anthropological and cultural aspects of health injustices. We emphasize the role of health perceptions, in particular, as a way of exploring how people's experiences of the local environment often differ from dominant discourses related to un/healthy environments, and the effects stemming from this disjuncture. Keywords: Political ecology of health, disease, perceptions, discourse, ethnography, environmental justice
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PEARCE, DAVID A., and WILLIAM H. WILSON. "Viruses in Antarctic ecosystems." Antarctic Science 15, no. 3 (September 2003): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102003001330.
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This review seeks to highlight the potential importance of viruses in Antarctic ecosystems and describe the limited scope of Antarctic virus studies to date, including studies of marine, terrestrial and freshwater communities. Although much of the existing work focuses on the microbial community, there are also studies of virus infection in Antarctic animal and plant populations. We describe methodologies available for the study of viral ecology in the field and in calling for a more intensive research effort discuss how microbial ecology might benefit from the study of viruses in Antarctic ecosystems.
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Catalán, IA, P. Reglero, and I. Álvarez. "Research on early life stages of fish: a lively field." Marine Ecology Progress Series 650 (September 17, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13491.
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The first weeks in life are crucial for the fate of fish. During this period, fish show large dispersal rates and suffer from massive mortality due mainly to predation. Intrinsic and extrinsic processes (growth rates, advection, behavior, diseases) affect this mortality and have profound consequences on populations. For a century now, describing the distribution, physiology and dynamics of fish early life phases has been the focus of intense research, building a solid community of scientists that met at the 43rd Annual Larval Fish Conference, held in Palma, Spain, 21-24 May 2019. The present Theme Section consists of 19 papers that are a sample of the research presented at the conference. The papers are organized around 5 main topics: (1) mortality estimation and process understanding, (2) parental effects on larval fish ecology, (3) larval settlement to juvenile grounds, (4) early life stages of fish within food webs, and (5) contribution of early life stages of fish to assessment and management. Contributions to this Theme Section focus on hot topics as well as old paradigms; the latter continue to elicit much research work, which has benefited from recent advances in technology.
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Błuszkowska, Urszula, and Tomasz Nurek. "Effect of mechanization level on manpower needs in forestry." Folia Forestalia Polonica 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2014-0022.
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Abstract High work consumption in forest operations is above all the result of the character and task realization mode in works undertaken in forestry. Development of mechanization in forest management activities allows to considerably decrease manpower needs. In the present study, there were analyzed the possibilities of reduction of work consumption by improving the mechanization level of forest works. The method was developed to consider the following assessments: 1) variant W1 - basic option comprising factual work consumption values in works carried out on the area administered by the Regional Directorate of State Forests (RDLP); 2) W2 - showing the effect of 25% upgrade of works to a higher level of mechanization; 3) W3 - showing the effect of 50% upgrade of works to a higher level of mechanization; 4) W4 - comprising analogous calculations to those in variant W1 , but work consumption upgrading was 75%. Simulation calculations revealed considerable differences in needs for labor of different categories of forest workers. On the other hand, with increasing mechanization level, there increase the demands concerning worker qualifications, e.g. a harvester operator must be trained for about 2 years, and the training has to include both simulator exercises (first using software and next - harvester simulator) and field work under supervision to gain sufficient experience. The introduction of higher levels of mechanization into forest operations, and hence considerable reduction of jobs for unqualified workers who are replaced by qualified employees, can help decreasing work consumption in forest operations.
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Ivry, Henry. "Ecology in the Wake: Black Studies, Literary Method, and the Nonhuman." Minnesota review 2022, no. 98 (May 1, 2022): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-9563877.
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As the Anthropocene has migrated from the life and physical sciences into the humanities as both a theoretical and material condition, there have been a growing number of critics who have critiqued the Anthropos of the Anthropocene, arguing that the monolithic humanity imagined whitewashes the asymmetric inequities of the humans of humanity. While much of this work has advocated for a dismissal of the Anthropocene concept, this article traces an alternate trajectory that has begun to emerge at the juncture of Black studies and literary theory. In this article, the author considers how a number of Black studies theorists have begun to argue for the centrality of blackness in our engagement with the nonhuman world. Bringing together three recent works, including Zakiyyah Iman Jackson’s Becoming Human, Joshua Bennett’s Being Property Once Myself, and Jayna Brown’s Black Utopia, this article argues for an alternative conception of the Anthropocene that originates in and through Blackness. Moreover, this article looks at the centrality of literary studies (and its attending methodologies) in building and envisaging the nascent field of Black ecology.
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Sleigh, M. A. "John Alwyne Kitching, O. B. E. 24 October 1908—1 April 1996." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 43 (January 1997): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1997.0015.
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John Alwyne Kitching, known to his colleagues as Jack, was distinguished for his laboratory researches on the physiology of protozoa, particularly in the area of osmoregulation, and for his field studies in marine ecology, largely concerning benthic sublittoral communities. He commenced work in both of these areas while he was working for his Ph.D. as a junior lecturer at Birkbeck College in London, but it was through sustained energetic application to research in both fields during his two main academic appointments at the Universities of Bristol and East Anglia that he made his main scientific contributions.