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Rozhitskii, M. M., and O. A. Sushko. "Nanophotonic sensors for biomedical and ecological application." Thesis, B. Verkin Institute of Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, NASU, 2013. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/8873.
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There is an ever-increasing need to enhance the capability of sensor technology for health, structural and environmental monitoring. One area of great concern is new strains of microbial organism and the spread of infectious diseases that requires rapid identification and detection in vivo and in vitro. Another area of major concern, worldwide, is the threat of chemical and biological terrorism. This points out onto necessity of improovement of existing and development of novel detection technologies based on nanomaterials. Nanophotonics-based sensors utilizing nanostructured multiple probes provide the ability for simultaneous detection of different biomedical and ecological objects as well as the ability for remote sensing where necessary. A useful future approach can utilize nanoscale optoelectronics with hybrid detection methods involving both photonics and electronics.
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King, Beverley Ann. "Nitrate-selective electrodes with covalently bound sensors." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1985. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19914/.
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Nitrate determination and ion-selective electrodes, with particular emphasis on the nitrate selective electrode, are reviewed. A new electrode for nitrate has been developed, by covalent attachment of appropriate sensor groups to a robust polymer matrix, with a view to improving the lifetime and the applications of the electrode to include hostile environments. The QAS (I) were prepared as sensor materials.(1) R' = R" = R''' = ethyl(2) R' = allylR" = R''' = methyl, ethyl, propyl(3) R' = R" = allylR''' = methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl(4) R' = R" = R''' = allylX- = Cl, Br. (I) [diagram]. The production of membranes by cross-linking the sensors (I) with styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene triblock elastomer (SBS) using a free radical initiated cyclopolymerisation is described. Various methods of membrane preparation have been investigated, and a convenient one-step solvent casting procedure identified and optimised. A range of membranes has been prepared and their physical and electroanalytical properties evaluated. The cross-linked density of the polymers was calculated from swelling measurements and the Flory-Rehner equation, the extent of covalent attachment has been derived from Kjeldahl analyses. The performance of the membranes as ion-selective electrodes is presented and discussed. Several electrodes showed fast response, long lifetime and Nernstian behaviour in the range 10-1 - 10-4 mol dm-3, but their selectivity was inferior to present commercial electrodes. A number of materials were introduced as mediators in order to improve the selectivity of the membranes. A possible mediator (O-nitrophenyloctyl ether) was identified and an analogue (O-nitrophenyl-w-undecylenyl ether) prepared which had suitable functionality for covalent attachment to the polymer. Unfortunately the inclusion of this material did not improvethe selectivity to chloride and the reasons for this are discussed.
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Babb, Jeffrey Ross. "BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN PUBLIC VISITORS AT LACAWAC SANCTUARY AND LAKE RESEARCHERS: DEVELOPING OUTREACH MATERIALS ON ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375723733.
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Ossi, Federico. "Ecological determinants of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) spatial behavior and movement in limiting conditions." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10005.
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Pour la grande majorité des grands herbivores vivant en régions tempérées, l'hiver est la saison la plus limitante à cause des effets combinés du manque de ressources et de la sévérité des conditions climatiques. Les espèces qui ne développent pas d'adaptations morphologiques ou physiologiques particulières pour faire face à la sévérité de l'hiver doivent mettre en place des mouvements et des tactiques d'utilisation de l'espace appropriés (comme par exemple les migrations). Plus spécifiquement, ces patrons d'utilisation de l'espace peuvent émerger à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles pour permettre aux individus d'accéder aux ressources dont ils ont besoin et d'échapper aux conditions climatiques défavorables. Ainsi, ces patrons d'utilisation de l'espace déterminent le sort des individus et la dynamique des populations. Une compréhension détaillée de la relation entre les facteurs limitants durant l'hiver et la réponse des animaux en termes de mouvements est prépondérante pour préserver et gérer les populations d'ongulés sauvages avec succès, tout spécialement dans le contexte actuel de changements climatiques rapides qui induisent des modifications importantes dans le paysage et la distribution des ressources (par exemple changement de patrons de couverture neigeuse en hiver). La comparaison de tactiques de mouvements sous différents scénarios de conditions environnementales, par exemple au moyen d'analyses à vaste échelle de l'aire de distribution de l'espèce cible, représente une approche pertinente pour mieux comprendre comment les mouvements des animaux répondent aux changements dans le paysage. Le chevreuil (Capreoluscapreolus) est une espèce modèle particulièrement intéressante pour étudier ces questions parce que la distribution de cette espèce couvre la plupart des pays d'Europe, grâce à sa forte plasticité écologiqueFor the majority of large ungulates living in temperate regions winter is the limiting season, because of the combined effects of lack of resource availability and severity of climatic conditions. Those species that did not develop any particular morphological and physiological adaptation to cope with winter severity may adopt movement and space use tactics instead (like e.g. migration). Specifically, these space use patterns may emerge at different spatiotemporal scales to allow individuals to accede the resources they need and escape unfavourable conditions, thus determining both individual fate and population dynamics. A detailed understanding of the relationship between limiting factors in wintertime, and individual movement response, is remarkable to preserve and manage wildlife successfully, especially in the context of fast-occurring climate change that induces important alterations in landscape and resource distribution (e.g. changes of snow cover patterns). The comparison of movement tactics under different environmental scenarios, e.g. by means of large –scale analysis at the species distribution range, represents a valuable approach to work in that direction and to assess the effects of landscape alteration on individual movement. Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is an excellent model species to investigate these issues, because its distribution range covers most of Europe, thanks to its high ecological plasticity. For those populations that live in northern and mountain environments, winter is the limiting season because roe deer lack any morphological and physiological adaptations to cope with winter severity. In spite of the adoption of specific movement tactics such as partial migration from summer to winter ranges, roe deer may still face limiting conditions in some areas of the distribution range exposed to winter severity
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Pozza, Junior Mario Cezar. "Caracterização e aplicação de fibras obtidas por eletrofiação de PLA/PBAT com grafite incorporado." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3765.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The need for new tools to detect pollutants and of importance in the subject, electrochemical sensors are shown as a great alternative, considering its low cost, good limits of detection, and speed of analysis. An electro-spinning technique is a small fiber production technique where many possibilities for a sensor construction are offered, mainly using biodegradable polymers. This work has the objective of incorporating polymeric fibers with graphite optimized by an electrochemical technique, as well as an electrochemical sensor capable of obtaining a detection limit for the 2,4,6-trichlorophenol compound. A total of 35 experiments were carried out, using five different electrophilic techniques (needle distance to the collector, flow, tension, % of polymers, and % of graphite), as fibers as morphologically characterized using optical microscopy, SEM and a test of Wettability. For physical e structural analyzes, DSC, TGA and FTIR analyzes were performed, where it was sought to know if the incorporation of graphite into the polymer is capable of altering its structure. Then, for a sensor construction, a membrane obtained by electrospinning was then subjected to a heat treatment of 500°C for 3 hours, the powder obtained was mixed with the Nujol® wetting agent, thereby forming a uniform paste which was inserted into the End of a hypodermic plastic syringe with a silver wire for electrical contact, being manually pressed. The electrode was subjected to a characterization and an evaluation where a limit of detection was established for compound 2,4,6-TCP, in addition to a test with real samples collected in water treatment station supply. The minimum diameter obtained in the fibers was 1.49μm, using where the stress and voltage flows interacted, showing the effect of the second most significant order among all. As it analyzes morphologically revealed that a graphite incorporation has given the polymer membrane new characteristics to the surface, while as thermal analyzes show what is graphite changing a structure of the fibers when incorporated as its own. The only oxidation pic viewed with the Cyclic Voltammetry analysis characterizated the sensor containing a irreversible behavior face to 2,4,6-TCP. Based on the Square Wave Voltammetry analyzes, was obtained a detection limit for the 2,4,6-TCP of 1x10-7 mol.L-1 and showed a detection of the concentration test of 6x10-7 mol.L-1, with recovery rates of water samples between 80 and 93%, both in accordance with current Brazilian legislation.
A necessidade de novas ferramentas para detecção de poluentes é de suma importância atualmente, neste quesito, sensores eletroquímicos se mostram como uma ótima alternativa, tendo em vista seu baixo custo, bons limites de detecção, e rapidez na análise. A eletrofiação é uma técnica de produção de fibras em pequenas escalas onde muitas possiblidades para a construção de sensores são ofertadas, principalmente utilizando polímeros biodegradáveis. Este trabalho tem por objetivo obter fibras poliméricas incorporadas com grafite de forma otimizada pela técnica de eletrofiação, além de desenvolver um sensor eletroquímico capaz de obter um limite de detecção para o composto 2,4,6-Triclorofenol. Foram realizados 35 ensaios utilizando cinco diferentes parâmetros para eletrofiação (Distância da agulha ao coletor, fluxo, tensão, % de polímeros, e % de grafite), as fibras foram caracterizadas morfologicamente utilizando microscópio óptico, MEV, e um teste de molhabilidade. Para as análises físicas e estruturais, foram realizadas analises de DSC, TGA e FTIR, onde buscou-se saber se a incorporação de grafite ao polímero foi capaz de alterar sua estrutura. Depois, para a construção do sensor, a membrana obtida por eletrofiação foi então submetida a um tratamento térmico de 500°C por 3 horas, e o pó obtido foi misturado ao agente umectante Nujol®, formando assim uma pasta uniforme que foi inserida no interior da extremidade de uma seringa plástica hipodérmica com um fio de prata para o contato elétrico, sendo prensada manualmente. O eletrodo foi submetido a uma avaliação onde estabeleceu-se uma caracterização e um limite de detecção para o composto 2,4,6-TCP, além de um teste com amostras reais coletadas em estação de tratamento de águas de abastecimento. O Diâmetro mínimo obtido nas fibras foi de 1.49μm onde os parâmetros fluxo e tensão interagiram apresentando o efeito de segunda ordem mais significativo entre todos. As analises morfológicas revelaram que a incorporação de grafite concedeu a membrana polimérica novas características a superfície, enquanto que as análises térmicas mostraram que o grafite alterou a estrutura das fibras quando incorporado as mesmas. Ao obter apenas um pico de oxidação com a análise de voltametria cíclica o sensor apresentou um comportamento irreversível frente ao 2,4,6-TCP. Já com base nas análises de voltametria de onda quadrada obteve-se com o sensor um limite de detecção para 2,4,6-TCP de 1x10-7 mol.L-1 e o teste com águas de abastecimento detectou a concentração de 6x10-7 mol.L-1, com taxas de recuperação das amostras de água tratada entre 80 e 93%, ambas em concordância com a legislação brasileira vigente.
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Zeng, Hui. "Experience-Oriented Ecological Design: A Methodological Framework to Improve Human Experience in Urban Public Space Ecological Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32908.
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This thesis proposes that sensory experience should play an important role in setting up a direct relationship between people and the natural environment, and it is based on the premise that contemporary urban public space ecological designs. Are often deficient in this regard. In order to develop a design methodology that addresses both ecological function and sensory experience, the author examine both contemporary western ecological design and classical Chinese garden design. The former focuses on the ecological functions of the environment, while the latter typically emphasizes the sensory qualities of the landscape. Drawing from the strengths of both approaches, an experience-oriented ecological design framework is proposed with the goal of improving human experience in urban public spaces. The framework emphasizes both sensory experience and ecological functions in two phases of the design process â site analysis and site design. The framework is applied to a design for Bridge Park in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. The design is evaluated to assess efficacy of the framework for the design urban public spaces that address both sensory experience and ecological processes. The evaluation suggests that the framework could be an effective tool for designers, and also draws conclusions regarding the potential role of sensory experience as a tool for creative discovery in the design process. Finally the paper raises questions regarding the desirability of employing sensory experience as a didactic tool to enhance environmental awareness.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Klein, Kelly Perl. "Dancing into the Chthulucene: Sensuous Ecological Activism in the 21st Century." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1545597606977576.
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Jackson, Elizabeth Augusta. "Naturalistic play environments activating children's ecological awareness, development and senses through natural materials /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/E_Jackson_042409.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in landscape architecture)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Oct. 09, 2009). "Department of Landscape Architecture." Includes bibliographical references (p. 106-117).
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Brannoch, Sydney Kegan Ph D. "INNOVATION AND LOSS OF A NOVEL SENSORY ORGAN DURING EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AMONG ECOLOGICAL NICHES IN A PRAYING MANTIS LINEAGE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1561133220368394.
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Long, Jeremy Dillon. "Plasticity of Consumer-prey Interactions in the Sea: Chemical Signaling, Consumer Learning, and Ecological Consequences." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11182004-164652/unrestricted/long%5Fjeremy%5Fd%5F200412%5Fphd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.Hay, Mark, Committee Chair ; Dusenbery, David, Committee Member ; Kubanek, Julia, Committee Member ; Paffenhofer, Gustav-Adolf, Committee Member ; Yen, Jeannette, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Högberg, Agnes, and Rebecka Svensk. "Produktbeskrivningar och betalningsvilja : En kvantitativ studie om hur sensoriska och miljömärkta produktbeskrivningar påverkar konsumentens betalningsvilja." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36211.
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Syfte: Produktbeskrivningar kan kommunicera de fördelaktiga egenskaper som en vara medför, vilket kan få produkten att skilja sig från mängden. Under de senaste decennierna har det skapats ett ökat intresse för både sensoriska och miljömärkta produktbeskrivningar och för företag blir det allt viktigare att lyckas identifiera vilka faktorer som påverkar betalningsviljan hos konsumenter. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka hur sensoriska och miljömärkta produktbeskrivningar påverkar konsumentens betalningsvilja. Metod: Metoden har en deduktiv ansats och vår empiriska insamling har skett utifrån en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkätundersökning. Populationen avser individer mellan 15–75 år som antingen dricker kaffe regelbundet eller som någon gång har inhandlat bryggkaffe i en livsmedelsbutik. Resultaten har bearbetats i SPSS där dem har analyserats utifrån deskriptiv statistik, korrelationsanalys och regressionsanalys. Resultat och slutsats: Studiens resultat påvisar att sensoriska produktbeskrivningar på kaffe har en positiv effekt på konsumentens betalningsvilja. Sensoriska smakattribut är de viktigaste att kommunicera i en produktbeskrivning för att tilltala konsumenten. Däremot påvisar studiens resultat att produktbeskrivningar som är miljömärkta i form av ekologisk och Fairtrade-märkning, har en starkare påverkan på konsumentens betalningsvilja för kaffe än vid sensoriska produktbeskrivningar. Examensarbetets bidrag: Vårt bidrag till ämnet företagsekonomi och marknadsföring är att produktbeskrivningar för kaffe främst bör framföra kvalitetsstämplar om sådana finns för att påverka konsumentens betalningsvilja. Vid icke ekologiska eller Fairtrade-märkta produkter, bör de sensoriska attributen förmedlas för att ha en positiv inverkan på konsumentens betalningsvilja. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Efter denna studie kan vi konstatera att betalningsviljan skiljer sig åt beroende på vilken produktbeskrivning som framställs. Det skulle därför vara av intresse att även se till olika varumärken för kaffe vid framställandet av olika typer av produktbeskrivningar för att se om betalningsviljan förändras. För framtida forskning vore det även av intresse att se till hur sensoriska produktbeskrivningar i samband med miljömärkningar hade påverkat konsumentens betalningsvilja.Aim: Product descriptions can communicate the beneficial properties that comes with a product, which can make the product stand out, among others. In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in both sensory and environmentally friendly product descriptions and for companies, it is becoming increasingly important to succeed in identifying the factors that affect consumers’ willingness to pay. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate how sensory and environmentally friendly product descriptions affect consumers’ willingness to pay. Method: The method has a deductive approach, and our empirical data has been based on a quantitative method in the form of a survey. The population refers to individuals between the ages of 15 and 75 who either drink coffee regularly or have ever bought brewed coffee in a grocery store. The results have been processed in SPSS where they have been analyzed based on descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Result & Conclusion: The results of the study show that sensory product descriptions of coffee have a positive effect on the consumer’s willingness to pay. Sensory taste attributes are the most important to communicate in a product description to appeal to the consumer. On the other hand, the results of the study show that product descriptions that are ecological and Fairtrade-labeled have a stronger impact on the consumer’s willingness to pay for coffee than with sensory product descriptions. Contribution of the thesis: Our contribution to the subject of business administration and marketing is that product descriptions for coffee should primarily communicate ecological and Fairtrade-labels if such exist, to influence the consumer’s willingness to pay. In the case of non-ecological or Fairtrade-labeled products, the sensory attributes should be communicated to have a positive impact on the consumer’s willingness to pay. Suggestions for future research: After this study, we can state that the willingness to pay differs depending on which product description is presented. It would therefore be of interest to also look at different brands for coffee when producing different types of product descriptions to see if the willingness to pay changes. For future research, it would also be of interest to see how sensory product descriptions in combination with environmentally friendly product description had affected the willingness to pay.
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Gross, David Charles. "AFFORDANCES IN THE DESIGN OF VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4376.
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Human-computer interaction design principles largely focus on static representations and have yet to fully incorporate theories of perception appropriate for the dynamic multimodal interactions inherent to virtual environment (VE) interaction. Theories of direct perception, in particular affordance theory, may prove particularly relevant to enhancing VE interaction design. The present research constructs a conceptual model of how affordances are realized in the natural world and how lack of sensory stimuli may lead to realization failures in virtual environments. Implications of the model were empirically investigated by examining three affordances: passability, catchability, and flyability. The experimental design involved four factors for each of the three affordances and was implemented as a 2 [subscript IV] [superscript 4-1] fractional factorial design. The results demonstrated that providing affording cues led to behavior closely in-line with real-world behavior. More specifically, when given affording cues participants tended to rotate their virtual bodies when entering narrow passageways, accurately judge balls as catchable, and fly when conditions warranted it. The results support the conceptual model and demonstrate 1) that substituting designed cues via sensory stimuli in available sensory modalities for absent or impoverished modalities may enable the perception of affordances in VEs; 2) that sensory stimuli substitutions provide potential approaches for enabling the perception of affordances in a VE which in the real world are cross-modal; and 3) that affordances relating to specific action capabilities may be enabled by designed sensory stimuli. This research lays an empirical foundation for a science of VE design based on choosing and implementing design properties so as to evoke targeted user behaviorPh.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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Kumar, Janavi. "Identifying barriers to healthy eating and physical activity in a low-income community in south-western Kansas." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16988.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Human Nutrition
Koushik Adhikari
Obesity in adolescence is associated with a complex web of ecological, psychosocial, and physiological factors, and many of these factors relate to nutrition and physical activity behaviors. Before interventions are developed, researchers need to know what factors specifically influence an adolescent’s food choices and physical activity within the community context. Cultural norms, school environment, and neighborhood attributes are examples of factors that may vary across different communities, and accounting for this variation can be quite challenging, unless community perspectives are acknowledged. The use of qualitative data from focus groups has shown to be an effective way of gathering community perspectives about the diversity of their views and experiences. The current study used focus groups to reveal facilitators and barriers to healthy eating behavior and physical activity engagement in 6th to 8th grade youth in a low-income community in South-Western Kansas. This methodology enabled community members (adolescents, parents, and teachers) to discuss and articulate their perceptions in relation to 6th to 8th grade youth’s eating habits and physical activity, and assessed available resources, needs, and opportunities for developing effective and sustainable intervention approaches in the community. Using the socio-ecological model, individual influences (e.g., taste preferences), social influences (e.g., parent and peer influences), and larger contextual influences (e.g., school) on early adolescent health were assessed. This information will be used to develop interventions addressing factors at these different levels of influence that are needed to improve eating habits and physical activity of youth in the community.
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Junior, Humberto Navarro de Mesquita. "Análise temporal com sensor orbital de unidades fisionômicas de cerrado na gleba Pé-de-Gigante (Parque Estadual de Vassununga - SP)." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-27072001-092749/.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal calibrar as assinaturas espectrais das fisionomias do cerrado sazonalmente de modo a fornecer subsídios para o manejo e a conservação dos remanescentes do mesmo. O local de estudo, a gleba Pé-de-Gigante (Parque Estadual de Vassununga - SP), possui vários morfotipos de cerrado senso lato desde os florestais até os campestres. Assim, usando imagens Landsat Thematic Mapper nas faixas do vermelho (TM-3) e infravermelho próximo (TM-4), foram obtidas imagens índice de vegetação (IVDN), que destacam a densidade de folhas verdes. As classes fisionômicas foram identificadas espectral e sazonalmente. Para validar o método, construiu-se um mapa com as áreas de probabilidade de ocorrência das fitofisionomias da gleba utilizando os IVDN do período de estiagem, pré-estiagem e de chuvas. Após teste com dados de campo, foram extraídos os IVDN de todas as classes em 5 datas distintas para estabelecer o intervalo de variação. Com um modelo digital do terreno foram produzidos mapas de declividade e de orientação de vertentes. Da análise cruzada obteve-se um mapa com 5 zonas (Norte, Sul, Leste, Oeste e o plano) que orientou a extração do IVDN nas 5 datas, visando testar o efeito da topografia no índice. Paralelamente, as classes de IVDN foram comparadas com a literatura e examinou-se a assinatura espectral das fitofisionomias no vermelho, no infravermelho próximo e no infravermelho médio. Observou-se uma forte influência das condições climáticas nas fisionomias de cerrado, ao longo do ano, através dos valores do IVDN.The main goal of this dissertation is to calibrate the cerrado vegetation physiognomies (Brazilian savannas) with their seasonal spectral signatures to help the monitoring and the conservation of their remnants. The study area is the cerrado Pé-de- Gigante (belonging to State Park of Vassununga in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro -SP). Using NDVI images derived from TM-Landsat (red and near infrared), the physiognomic classes were identified spectral and seasonally. To validate the method, a map of areas of probable physiognomies occurrence were build using NDVI images from dry and wet season. After field checking, the NDVI values of 5 dates were extracted to establish the NDVI range of each physiognomy. Using the digital terrain model, slope and aspect maps were used to prepare another map with 5 zones (N, S, W, E and flat), looking for to test the topographic effect in NDVI. Added to this, the NDVI classes were compared with the literature, as well as the separate signature in red, near infrared and middle infrared. It was noticed a strong weather condition influence over the physiognomies along the seasons, corroborated by the NDVI variation classes obtained from satellite imagery.
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Murphy, Taylor B. "Within Reach: The Contribution of Dynamic Viewpoint to the Perception of Remote Environments." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500466996274077.
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Silvério, Paulo Henrique Brasileiro. "Jardim Sensorial da UFJF, um espaço de terapia e conscientização." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5444.
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(Jardim Sensorial da UFJF, um Espaço de Terapia e Conscientização). O Jardim Sensorial (JS) da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) é formado por três canteiros circulares. Apresenta a entrada no leste, referenciando o sol nascente (fogo), seu oposto oeste corresponde à terra do poente, ao sul o elemento água vem com as chuvas, e ao norte temos o ar de expansão. Este referencial é baseado no “Opy”, casa de reza Tupi-Guarani. Contém 30 plantas sensoriais distribuídas nestes quadrantes. O trabalho avaliou as sensações e percepções do JS por visitantes adultos (18 a 59 anos) a partir de questionários semiestruturados respondidos voluntariamente pelas pessoas que visitavam o JS necessariamente pela 1ª vez, a fim de comparar duas formas de visita, uma quando os visitantes necessariamente caminhavam calçados e sem venda, não tocando nem cheirando nenhuma planta, denominada forma controle (FC) e outra quando os visitantes necessariamente realizavam o percurso descalços e de olhos vendados, tateando e cheirando as plantas, denominada forma Jardim Sensorial (FJS). Foram respondidos 474 questionários pelos adultos, sendo para FJS, 239 questionários para o sexo feminino e 118 para o masculino, e para a FC, 64 questionários para o sexo feminino e 53 para o masculino. A média de idade dos visitantes foi de 25 anos e 98% experimentou este modelo sensorial pela primeira vez, confirmando o caráter inovador do JS. Os sentimentos gerados foram predominantemente positivos, destacando-se Tranquilidade, Bem-estar, Calma e Paz (para ambas as formas de visita) demonstrando que o JS alivia o stress cotidiano provocando relaxamento. A partir da análise estatística, a alteração nas formas de percepção geradas na FJS, aumento do tato, olfato, audição e energia, alteração da percepção do tempo e espaço, as lembranças provocadas pelo aroma de determinadas plantas, além dos sentimentos positivos despertados pela percepção da planta dos pés, demonstram que essa forma de visita retira o visitante do estado contemplativo cotidiano além de apresentar um caráter provocativo. A educação ambiental como destaque de transmissão de conhecimento, aponta o caráter conscientizador do JS. O JS promove o alívio do estresse, pois espontaneamente provoca sentimentos positivos, tornando o visitante mais relaxado e onde tato e olfato agradáveis promovem sinergia e consequente bem-estar.
(UFJF Sensory Garden, a Place of Theraphy and Awareness). The Sensory Garden (SG) of Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) is formed by three circular beds. Its entrance is directed to the east referring to the rising sun (fire), the west corresponds the land of the sunset, to the south the element water comes with the rains, and to the north, it has the air of expansion. This reference is based on "Opy", a Tupi-Guarani prayer house. The SG has 30 sensory plants distributed in these quadrants. The work evaluated the sensations and perceptions of SG through adult visitors (with age between 18 and 59 years) that answered voluntarily a semistructured questionary, in order to compare the two ways of visit: one when the visitors necessarily walked through the space with shoes and with no blindfold, without touching nor smelling any plant – it´s called Control Form (CF), and another one when visitors necessarily performed the course barefoot and blindfolded, groping and smelling the plants, - this way is called Sensory Garden Form (SGF). 474 questionnaires were answered by the adults, being 239 questionnaires for females and 118 for males in SGF, and for 64 surveys for women and 53 for men in CF. The average age of the visitors was 25 years, and 98% experienced this sensory model for the first time, confirming the innovative character of SG. The feelings generated were predominantly positive, standing out Tranquillity, Well-being, Calm and Peace (for both forms of visit) demonstrating that SG relieves daily stress causing relaxation. From the statistical analysis, the alteration in the forms of perception generated inside the SG increased tact, smell, hearing and energy. It also altered the perception of time and space, activated memories by the aroma of some plants, and awakened positive feelings by the judgment of the soles of the feet. All those sensations demonstrate that this form of visit removes the visitor from the daily contemplative state and besides that, present a provocative character. Environmental education as a highlight of knowledge transmission points out the awareness of SG. The SG promotes stress relief by spontaneously provoking positive feelings, making the visitor more relaxed and where pleasant tact and sense of smell promote synergy and consequent well-being.
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Reiche, Martin. "Characterizing predictive auditory processing with EEG." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-226275.
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Predictive coding theorizes the capacity of neural structures to form predictions about forthcoming sensory events based on previous sensory input. This concept increasingly gains attention within experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In auditory research, predictive coding has become a useful model that elegantly explains different aspects of auditory sensory processing and auditory perception. Many of these aspects are backed up by experimental evidence. However, certain fundamental features of predictive auditory processing have not been addressed so far by experimental investigations, like correlates of neural predictions that show up before the onset of an expected event. Four experiments were designed to investigate the proposed mechanism under more realistic conditions as compared to previous studies by manipulating different aspects of predictive (un)certainty, thereby examining the ecological validity of predictive processing in audition. Moreover, predictive certainty was manipulated gradually across five conditions from unpredictable to fully predictable in linearly increasing steps which drastically decreases the risk of discovering incidental findings. The results obtained from the conducted experiments partly confirm the results from previous studies by demonstrating effects of predictive certainty on ERPs in response to omissions of potentially predictable stimuli. Furthermore, results partly suggest that the auditory system actively engages in stimulus predictions in a literal sense as evidenced by gradual modulations of pre-stimulus ERPs associated with different degrees of predictive certainty. However, the current results remain inconsistent because the observed effects were relatively small and could not consistently be replicated in all follow-up experiments. The observed effects could be regained after accumulating the data across all experiments in order to increase statistical power. However, certain questions remain unanswered regarding a valid interpretation of the results in terms of predictive coding. Based on the current state of results, recommendations for future investigations are provided at the end of the current thesis in order to improve certain methodological aspects of investigating predictive coding in audition, including considerations on the design of experiments, possible suitable measures to investigate predictive coding in audition, recommendations for data acquisition and data analysis as well as recommendations for publication of results.
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Silva, Kionara Sarabella Tur?bio e. "Influ?ncia das condi??es ambientais no verdor da vegeta??o da caatinga frente ?s mudan?as clim?ticas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20502.
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O bioma Caatinga, ecossistema de clima semi?rido localizado no nordeste do Brasil, apresenta forte sazonalidade com baixo regime de precipita??o. Esta regi?o possui as proje??es de mudan?as clim?ticas mais alarmantes do pa?s, com o aumento temperatura do ar e a redu??o da pluviosidade com tend?ncias mais fortes que as previs?es m?dias globais. As mudan?as clim?ticas no bioma podem acarretar na diminui??o da cobertura vegetal e altera??o de sua distribui??o, bem como do funcionamento ecossist?mico. Desta forma, influencia fortemente na diversidade de esp?cies. Nesse contexto, a proposta desse estudo ? modelar a din?mica da vegeta??o em fun??o das condi??es ambientais (pluviosidade e temperatura), bem como predizer as consequ?ncias das mudan?as clim?ticas, baseadas nesses determinantes ambientais para o verdor da vegeta??o. O ?ndice de vegeta??o EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) foi usado para estimar o verdor da vegeta??o no bioma. A fim de considerar a forte autocorrrela??o temporal e espacial, bem como a heterogeneidade presente nos dados, v?rios modelos GLS (Generalized Least Squares) foram desenvolvidos e comparados para se obter o melhor modelo. Tal modelo refletiu a influ?ncias das condi??es ambientais na previs?o do verdor da vegeta??o no futuro. Diante da aplica??o dos novos cen?rios de mudan?as clim?ticas no modelo, a modifica??o dos determinantes ambientais, pluviosidade e temperatura, influenciou negativamente no verdor da vegeta??o no bioma Caatinga. Esse modelo foi usado para criar imagens de vegeta??o potencial nos per?odos presente e futuro do bioma Caatinga considerando que at? 2040 haver? uma diminui??o de 20% da precipita??o e um aumento de 1?C na temperatura; at? 2070 haver? uma diminui??o de 35% na precipita??o e um aumento de 2,5?C na temperatura; e at? o final do s?culo o percentual de diminui??o das chuvas alcan?ar? 50% e a temperatura ter? um aumento de at? 4,5?C. Os resultados desse estudo sugerem que o funcionamento do ecossistema ser? afetado com a diminui??o de 5,9% do verdor da vegeta??o at? 2040, 14,2% at? 2070 e 24,3 % at? o final do s?culo. A vegeta??o da Caatinga em ?reas de baixa altitude (maior parte do bioma) ser? mais afetada pelas mudan?as clim?ticas.
The Caatinga biome, a semi-arid climate ecosystem found in northeast Brazil, presents low rainfall regime and strong seasonality. It has the most alarming climate change projections within the country, with air temperature rising and rainfall reduction with stronger trends than the global average predictions. Climate change can present detrimental results in this biome, reducing vegetation cover and changing its distribution, as well as altering all ecosystem functioning and finally influencing species diversity. In this context, the purpose of this study is to model the environmental conditions (rainfall and temperature) that influence the Caatinga biome productivity and to predict the consequences of environmental conditions in the vegetation dynamics under future climate change scenarios. Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) was used to estimate vegetation greenness (presence and density) in the area. Considering the strong spatial and temporal autocorrelation as well as the heterogeneity of the data, various GLS models were developed and compared to obtain the best model that would reflect rainfall and temperature influence on vegetation greenness. Applying new climate change scenarios in the model, environmental determinants modification, rainfall and temperature, negatively influenced vegetation greenness in the Caatinga biome. This model was used to create potential vegetation maps for current and future of Caatinga cover considering 20% decrease in precipitation and 1 ?C increase in temperature until 2040, 35% decrease in precipitation and 2.5 ?C increase in temperature in the period 2041-2070 and 50% decrease in precipitation and 4.5 ?C increase in temperature in the period 2071-2100. The results suggest that the ecosystem functioning will be affected on the future scenario of climate change with a decrease of 5.9% of the vegetation greenness until 2040, 14.2% until 2070 and 24.3% by the end of the century. The Caatinga vegetation in lower altitude areas (most of the biome) will be more affected by climatic changes.
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Dias, Rodolfo Liporoni. "Visual ecology of nocturnal bees: how light intensity affects foraging activity in cambuci, a neotropical Myrtaceae." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-21082018-082154/.
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The foraging activity of day-active bees often rely on flower availability, light intensity and temperature. However, some bees developed a nocturnal habit and fly during the dusk, dawn and night. We still do not know how these bees cope with environmental factors, especially dimmer light levels, to explore flower earlier than their diurnal relatives. Given that typical bee apposition compound eyes work better in brighter environments and function in their limits in dim-light conditions, we can expect a larger dependence of light intensity for nocturnal groups. Nocturnal and crepuscular bees are frequent visitors of cambuci (Campomanesia phaea, Myrtaceae) in southeastern Brazil. We aimed to investigate how light intensity affects flower visitation of cambuci by nocturnal and crepuscular bees, also controlling for other environmental factors. We counted visits per minute along 30 nights/twilights in 33 cambuci trees from a commercial orchard, measuring the following environmental variables: light intensity, flower availability, temperature, air relative humidity and wind speed. Light intensity is the only variable that explained flower visitation of nocturnal bees in cambuci, which peaks at intermediate light levels that occur around 30 minutes before sunrise. The minimum light intensity threshold to bees start flying is of 0.00024 cd/m2, the first recorded value for nocturnal and crepuscular bees finding flowers in an agro-forest context. Our results highlight for the first time how nocturnal bees rely on light to explore resources and show that the bees light-dependent foraging activity is not always linear, as postulated by previous theoretic models. This is the first step to understand how nocturnal bees react to environmental factors. Our findings also bring concerns about possible negative effects of light pollution at night for cambuci-crepuscular bees interactionO forrageio de abelhas geralmente depende de disponibilidade de flores, intensidade de luz e temperatura. Contudo, algumas abelhas desenvolveram hábitos noturnos e voam durante os crepúsculos e a noite. Não se sabe como essas abelhas lidam com os fatores ambientais, especialmente os reduzidos níveis de luminosidade. Dado que os olhos compostos de aposição de abelhas funcionam melhor em maiores luminosidades, espera-se uma maior dependência da luz para os grupos noturnos. Abelhas noturnas e crepusculares são visitantes frequentes do cambuci (Campomanesia phaea, Myrtaceae) no sudeste do Brasil. Nosso objetivo foi investigar como a intensidade de luz afeta a visitação floral do cambuci por abelhas noturnas e crepusculares, controlada também por outros fatores ambientais. Para isso, contamos as visitas a cada minuto ao longo de 30 noites/crepúsculos em 33 árvores de cambuci em um pomar comercial, medindo as seguintes variáveis ambientais: intensidade de luz, disponibilidade de flores, temperatura, umidade e velocidade do vento. A intensidade de luz foi a única variável que explicou a visitação floral de abelhas noturnas no cambuci, a qual tem um pico em níveis intermediários de luz que ocorrem ao redor de 30 minutos antes do nascer do sol. O limiar mínimo de intensidade de luz para as abelhas começarem a voar foi de 0.00024 cd/m2, o primeiro valor registrado para abelhas noturnas e crepusculares procurando por flores em um contexto agroflorestal. Nossos resultados destacam pela primeira vez como as abelhas noturnas dependem da luz para explorar recursos e mostram que essa dependência, para abelhas em geral, não é sempre linear, como postulado por modelos teóricos prévios. Este é o primeiro passo para entender como abelhas noturnas reagem a fatores ambientais. Nossos dados também trazem alertas para possíveis efeitos negativos da poluição luminosa à noite para a interação entre cambuci e abelhas noturnas
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Arceño, Mark Anthony. "Changing [Vitivini]Cultures in Ohio, USA, and Alsace, France: An Ethnographic Study of Terroir and the Taste of Place." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1610041972377958.
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Priaulet, Isabelle. "Pour une ontologie de l'écologie. Penser les fondements philosophiques de la conversion écologique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR146.
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Cette thèse entend poser les fondements philosophiques d’une « conversion écologique » en éclairant la dimension ontologique de la crise écologique. Tout en s’inscrivant dans le sillage de l’Encyclique Laudato Si’, où le Pape François lance un vibrant appel à la conversion écologique, l’auteur s’efforce de penser les enjeux proprement philosophiques liés à cette notion. En s’appuyant sur des auteurs tels que Heidegger et Hans Jonas, la première partie de la recherche montre la nécessité d’une véritable « conversion » face au péril métaphysique que représente la technique envisagée ici comme dévoiement de notre « être-au-monde ». Dans un contexte marqué par la résurgence du catastrophisme, l’auteur entend ici souligner la dimension humaniste qui constituait l’horizon de la pensée de ses fondateurs (Günther Anders, Jacques Ellül) tout en confrontant leur vision à celle du « Principe Espérance » porté par Ernst Bloch.La seconde partie de la thèse consiste à poser les fondements éthiques et religieux du concept de conversion. De la metanoia platonicienne aux thérapies de l’âme stoïciennes et épicuriennes, l’auteur explore la place de la connaissance de la nature (physis) dans le « retour à Soi » (epistrophè) de ces sagesses grecques. Peut-on voir en elles la source d’une véritable « conversion écologique » par laquelle il s’agirait autant de convertir notre regard sur la nature que d’être converti par elle ? Si oui, quelles en seraient les modalités ? Dans cette perspective, quels sont les apports de la metanoia chrétienne par rapport à la metanoia platonicienne ? En quoi la « conversion des sens » portée à la fois par la mystique franciscaine et la « prière du cœur » des Pères neptiques dans le monde orthodoxe, constitue-t-elle une étape capitale pour penser la conversion écologique comme conversion du corps et du cœur ? Pour mener à bien cette analyse, l’auteur emprunte la méthode phénoménologique afin de mettre en lumière les liens entre conversion et réduction.La dernière partie, plus spécifiquement consacrée à l’écologie contemporaine, s’appuie sur les modalités de la conversion écologique esquissées avec les penseurs grecs et chrétiens pour penser une transformation profonde de notre « affect du monde ». En s’appuyant sur les notions merleau-pontiennes de « chair du monde » et de « monde brut », l’auteur cherche à penser une « empathie universelle » comme socle d’une nouvelle éthique environnementale. A travers une relecture merleau-pontienne de deux grands courants de l’écologie que sont l’écologie profonde (deep ecology) et la wilderness, l’auteur jette les bases d’une ontologie relationnelle dans deux directions. La première envisage la conversion écologique comme un approfondissement du Soi. Dans le sentiment de la wilderness, c’est autant la nature vierge à l’extérieur de nous que le « monde brut » au plus intime de nous-même, qu’il s’agit de préserver pour ouvrir la voie à une expérience transformante du monde telle que la décrit Henri-David Thoreau dans Walden ou la vie dans les bois. La seconde vise un élargissement du Soi par lequel la réalisation de Soi devient indissociable, par un mouvement d’identification, de celle de notre environnement, jusqu’à faire l’expérience charnelle de ce « Soi écologique » dont nous parle Arne Naess en écho à la « chair du monde » merleau-pontienne et aux théories de la Gestalt dont s’inspirent les deux auteurs. Conscient des limites de la pensée occidentale pour cheminer vers cette non - dualité, clé d’une empathie universelle, l’auteur montre, dans la dernière partie de son analyse, l’influence de la pensée bouddhique sur la deep ecology et explore une spiritualité de la résonance avec le bouddhisme zen japonais incarné dans la figure de Maître Dogen, jusqu’à penser une « échologie de la Joie »This thesis is an attempt to provide the philosophical foundations for an ecological conversion while revealing the ontological aspects of the ecological crisis. Following the path described in the Laudato Si’ encyclical letter, where Pope François launches a vibrant call for ecological conversion, the author seeks to adress the philosophical issues in relation to this notion. Refering to philosophers such as Heidegger and Hans Jonas, the first part of this research accounts for the necessity of a true ecological conversion to face the metaphysical « peril » represented by the technical way of mind which leads to an unauthentic « being-in-the-world ». As catastrophism rages, the author underlines the humanistic aspect of its founders’ thought (Gûnther Anders, Jacques Ellûl) while confronting their vision to Ernst Bloch’s « Principle of Hope ».The second chapter of the thesis aims at laying down the ethical and religious foundations of the concept of conversion. From Plato’s metanoia to stoïcian and epicurian soul therapies, the author explores the importance of the knowledge of nature (physis) in the process of epistrophè (return to one’s « Inner Self »). Can these therapies be considered as the roots of a true ecological conversion throughout which we could not only modify the way we look at nature but also be transformed by it? If the answer is yes, what would the terms be? From this perspective, what is the specificity of Christian metanoia compared to Plato’s? To what extent can the doctrine of the “spiritual senses” experienced by both the Franciscan mystic and the neptical Fathers’ « Prayer of the heart » - be considered a crucial step to a living experience of ecological conversion that appeals to our body and heart? To carry out this research, the author relies on the phenomenological methodology, evidencing the links between conversion and reduction.The last part, more specifically dedicated to modern ecology, relies on the definitions of ecological conversion outlined with greek and Christian authors to think through a deep change in our « affect for the world ». Refering to Merleau Ponty’s notions of « flesh of the word » and « wild being », the author endeavours to develop the concept of “universal empathy” as the corner stone of environmental ethics. Through a merleau-pontian interpretation of two major ecological schools of thought, wilderness and deep ecology, the thesis provides tools for elaborating a relational ontology based on two concepts. The first one, called deepening of the Self, refers to the wilderness. The author shows that what has to be preserved is not only territories such as natural reserves but the “wild being” in the innermost part of ourselves so as to enable us to be transformed by nature itself through this experience of wilderness described by famous authors such as Henri-David Thoreau in Walden life in the woods… The second one, called “enlargment of the Self” refers to the experience described by Arne Naess as identification to other living beings as a source of self-realization, echoing the merleau-pontian “flesh of the word”.Aware of the limits of western thought to reach this universal empathy based on non-duality, the author points out, in a conclusive paragraph, the influence of the buddhist way of mind on Arne Naess’s deep ecology, explores a spirituality of the resonance with the world through zen buddhism embodied by Master Dogen, and goes as far as thinking an “echology of Joy”
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Martins, Cecilia Geraldes. "Efeitos da radiação gama na microbiota e no teor de vitamina C de agrião (Nasturtium officinale) orgânico minimamente processado: aceitação e intenção de compra do produto irradiado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-10112016-173145/.
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O aumento do consumo de vegetais frescos e a globalização do mercado de hortaliças e frutas frescas provocaram um aumento na preocupação com as enfermidades transmitidas por alimentos (ETA) associadas a esses produtos. No Brasil, a produção de hortaliças orgãnicas vem crescendo, aproximadamente 40% ao ano. Considerando o exposto, foram analisadas 108 amostras de agrião orgãnico minimamente processado e irradiado coletadas, aleatoriamente, em produtores da região de São Roque, São Paulo, no período de novembro de 2005 a março de 2007, para avaliar a ecologia microbiana e a concentração de vitamina C ao longo da cadeia produtiva. As amostras de agrião orgãnico coletadas no campo e as de minimamente processado apresentaram populações superiores a 3,0 log UFC/g para aeróbios mesófilos, aeróbios psicrotróficos, Pseudomonas spp, coliformes termotolerantes e E. coli. Salmonella spp, E. coli 0157:H7 e L. monocytogenes não foram detectadas ao longo da cadeia produtiva. Comparando o processo mínimo com a combinação processo mínimo e irradiação constata-se que a combinação é mais eficiente uma vez que o processo mínimo seguido de exposição à dose de 1 kGy foi suficiente para reduzir de maneira significativa os diversos grupos de mícrorganismos no agrião. As concentrações de ácido ascórbico, ácido dehidroáscorbico e de vitamina C variaram em todas as etapas de processamento do agrião orgãnico minimamente processado e irradiado. Ao longo da vida-de-prateleira de agrião orgãnico minimamente processado e irradiado, a população de L. monocytogenes foi reduzida em, aproximadamente, 4,5, 5,5 e 5,9 ciclos log de acordo com as doses de 1 kGy, 2 kGye 3 kGy, respectivamente. Comportamento similar pode ser constatado para a população de Salmonella spp,. Os resultados da análise sensorial mostraram que o conhecimento ou não do processo de irradiação pelo consumidor não prejudica a aceitação e a intenção de compra do produto irradiado. Portanto o processo de irradiação visando a melhoria da qualidade de agrião orgânico é factível desde que sejam seguidas as Boas Práticas Agrícolas, Boas Práticas de Produção e Boas Práticas do Processo de Irradiação.With the increase in the consumption of fresh vegetables and the globalization of the market for fresh fruits and vegetables, the concern with foodborne diseases associated with these products has also increased. In Brazil, the production of organic vegetables has increased approximately 40% per year in the last decade. Considering the above, 108 samples of irradiated, minimally processed, organic watercress from producers in the region of Sao Roque, Sao Paulo, were collected through November 2005 to March 2007, to assess the microbial ecology and vitamin C content. Samples of organic watercress collected at the farm level and at the industry level showed populations higher than 3,0 UFC/g for aerobic mesophilic, psychrotrophic, Pseudomonas spp, fecal coliforms and E. coli. Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were not detected along the production chain. Comparing the minimal process and the combination of minimal process and irradiation, the combination was more efficient since even the lower dose (1 kGy) was sufficient to reduce the population of the various groups of microorganisms. The ascorbic acid, dehidroascorbic acid and vitamin C content varied at all stages of minimal processing as well as with the exposed doses of irradiation (1, 2 and 3 kGy). The population of L. monocytogenes decreased approximately 4.5, 5.5, and 5.9 log cycles, depending on the exposed doses, throughout the shelf life of irradiated minimally processed organic watercress. Similar behavior was showed by the Salmonella population. Sensory evaluation results showed that previous knowledge or none by consumers does not interfere with the acceptance and intention of purchase of irradiated minimally processed organic watercress. Thus the process of irradiation to improve the microbiological quality of minimally processed organic watercress is feasible provided that Good Agricultural Practice, Good Practice Production and Good Irradiation Practice are followed.
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Wendt, Candice Dee. "Interpreting the Sacred in As You Like It: Reading the "Book of Nature" from a Christian, Ecocritical Perspective." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2325.
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Since the advent of the environmental crisis, some writers have raised concerns with the moral influence of Christian scripture and interpretive traditions, such as the medieval book of nature, a hermeneutic in which nature and scripture are "read" in reference to one another. Scripture, they argue, has tended to stifle sacred relationships with nature as a non-human other. This thesis argues that such perspectives are reductive of the sacred quality of scripture. Environmental perspectives should be concerned with the desacralization of religious texts in addition to nature. Chapter one suggests that two questions surrounding the medieval book of nature's history can help us address ways that such perspectives reduce religious interpretation of sacred texts. The first question is the tension between manifestation and proclamation, or the question of how scripture and nature reveal sacred meanings. The second is the problem of evil, or the question of where evil and suffering come from. It also proposes that Shakespeare's As You Like It and religious philosophy, particularly Paul Ricoeur's writings, can help us address these problems and provide a contemporary religious perspective of the "book of nature." Drawing on scenes in the play in which nature is "read" as a book and Ricoeur's essay on "Manifestation and Proclamation," chapter two argues how manifestation often works interdependently with proclamation. Chapter three discusses how anthropocentric worldviews in which natural entities are exploited also distort interpretive relationships with scripture. Overcoming desacralization requires giving up desires to suppress contingencies, particularly suffering, in nature and in interpreting religious texts. Only as the characters in As You Like It accept contingencies are they able to engage hidden sources of hope, which is comparable to the need to let go of mastery in interpretation Ricoeur describes. Chapter four discusses problems with attempts to uncover the origins of the environmental crisis by discussing what Ricoeur writes about the problems with theodicy and Jean-Luc Marion's phenomenology of evil. Assumptions that specific human origins for evil can be blamed confirm deceptively human-centered worldviews and can mask valuable messages about how to morally respond to suffering that are taught in Judeo-Christian narratives.
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Shie, Ming-You, and 謝銘祐. "Wireless Sensor Networks In Ecological Environment Data Collection." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pnys53.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
105
In order to survive and reproduce, human spoil the ecological environment. We need to monitor and collect the change to inform and protect people. How to gather information from nature is the important issue. We study and solve this problem by the wireless sensor network. The wireless sensor network will self-organize [1]. We will make a real-time monitoring, observation data collection system environment. Implementing control on the use of Wang Yang company produced the board, the use of low-power and save electricity modules, TI''s MSP430 [2, 3] of the MCU, CC2500''s RF modules, Sensors and Timer, etc. modules. Wireless Sensor Networks is used DMAS [4] for the network topology architecture. According to the actual operation, the topology is more perfect, and analysis, adjust, improve the system. The system on the transmission data to avoid packet collision and interference noise, in order to enhance transmission efficiency. To reach the collection of sensing data, dynamic topology, scalability, fault tolerance, the load node of average energy consumption, energy-saving effect, etc. In addition, according to demand actually, the addition of solar power modules, as supplemented and auxiliary power supply.
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Jernigan, Kevin Arthur. "An ethnobiological exploration of sensory and ecological aspects of tree identification among the Aguaruna Jivaro." 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/jernigan%5Fkevin%5Fa%5F200605%5Fphd.
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Morgante, James D. "What's in your table? The ecological influence of sensory table materials on preschoolers' play behavior." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3427559.
Full textAbstract:
To achieve multiple learning objectives, the ideal preschool activity center should promote development across all domains, from adaptive to social-communicative. Though early childhood practitioners describe the sensory table as capable of doing so, empirical accounts stand in stark contrast and suggest that it is a non-social functional activity. The intent of the present investigation was to reconcile this distinct dichotomy through the systematic manipulation of four sensory table substances (sand, soil, rocks, and water) and provision sets that differed in realism to determine their effect on preschoolers’ free play behavior. Preschoolers’ play forms and social participation were observed at the sensory table as they used a novel surface, which was introduced weekly without repetition, and either a set of minimally structured objects or realistic toys. Preschoolers’ play and social participation were indeed influenced by the arrangement of the table. The sand, water, and provision sets yielded the most salient effects. Sand pulled for more sophisticated cognitive and social play forms while water pulled for more rudimentary ones. Regarding provision sets, the highly structured toys pulled for the most mature cognitive play form while the minimally structured toys pulled for the most sophisticated social context. The highly structured toys, with realism that lent to specific themes, appear to have functioned as a thematic anchor and cultivated a greater occurrence of dramatic play as compared to the minimally structured objects, which pulled for more functional play. Conversely, the minimally structured toy set, containing objects that loosely represented realistic objects and/or were capable of multiple functions, fostered a greater amount of socialization through parallel, social, and social-constructive play. Aside from its motoric and adaptive value, findings from this investigation suggest that under certain ecological conditions the sensory table fosters the development of cognitive and social skills. Suggestions for early childhood education practitioners are provided.
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Morgante, James Donald. "What's in Your Table? The Ecological Influence of Sensory Table Materials on Preschoolers' Play Behavior." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/300.
Full textAbstract:
To achieve multiple learning objectives, the ideal preschool activity center should promote development across all domains, from adaptive to social-communicative. Though early childhood practitioners describe the sensory table as capable of doing so, empirical accounts stand in stark contrast and suggest that it is a non-social functional activity. The intent of the present investigation was to reconcile this distinct dichotomy through the systematic manipulation of four sensory table substances (sand, soil, rocks, and water) and provision sets that differed in realism to determine their effect on preschoolers' free play behavior. Preschoolers' play forms and social participation were observed at the sensory table as they used a novel surface, which was introduced weekly without repetition, and either a set of minimally structured objects or realistic toys. Preschoolers' play and social participation were indeed influenced by the arrangement of the table. The sand, water, and provision sets yielded the most salient effects. Sand pulled for more sophisticated cognitive and social play forms while water pulled for more rudimentary ones. Regarding provision sets, the highly structured toys pulled for the most mature cognitive play form while the minimally structured toys pulled for the most sophisticated social context. The highly structured toys, with realism that lent to specific themes, appear to have functioned as a thematic anchor and cultivated a greater occurrence of dramatic play as compared to the minimally structured objects, which pulled for more functional play. Conversely, the minimally structured toy set, containing objects that loosely represented realistic objects and/or were capable of multiple functions, fostered a greater amount of socialization through parallel, social, and social-constructive play. Aside from its motoric and adaptive value, findings from this investigation suggest that under certain ecological conditions the sensory table fosters the development of cognitive and social skills. Recommendations for early childhood education practitioners are provided.
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St-Cyr, Olivier. "Sensor Noise and Ecological Interface Design: Effects of Noise Magnitude on Operators’ Performance and Control Strategies." Thesis, 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442564&T=F.
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Muchlinski, Magdalena Natalia 1978. "Ecological and morphological correlates of infraorbital foramen size and its paleoecological implications." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/17887.
Full textAbstract:
The infraorbital nerve (ION) transmits sensory information from mechanoreceptors of the upper lip and vibrissae (whiskers) to the brain via the infraorbital foramen (IOF). Vibrissae are special sensory hairs used by mammals to explore their surroundings. Researchers have used the size of the IOF to infer vibrissa count, which in turn has been incorporated into phylogenetic and ecological interpretations of fossil taxa. However, these interpretations are based on untested assumptions linking IOF size, ION size, vibrissae, and ecology. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine the functional significance of IOF size and to apply the results to the fossil record. It is hypothesized that ecological differences among mammals affects maxillary mechanoreceptivity (touch sensitivity of the rostrum), and that IOF area may be used as a measure of maxillary mechanoreceptivity. Three questions are posed to appraise this hypothesis: (1) Does IOF area correlate with ION area and vibrissa count? (2) How do the IOFs of primates differ from those of other mammals? (3) How do diet, substrate preference, and activity pattern affect IOF size? IOF area, ION area, and vibrissa count were collected from cadaver of extant mammals as well as museum osteological specimens. Results indicate that: (1) IOF and ION areas show a strong positive correlation. Based on this finding, it is hypothesized that IOF area may be a good measure of maxillary mechanoreception. (2) Vibrissae count significantly correlates with IOF area. (3) Euarchontans have relatively smaller IOFs than most other mammals. (4) The IOFs of primates co-vary with diet, where frugivores have relatively larger IOFs than both insectivores and folivores. Infraorbital foramen areas of 14 adapoid, six omomyoid, and 15 plesiadapiform species were measured. Two questions were addressed: (1) Do the sampled fossils share a similar reduction in IOF area to extant primates? (2) Do extinct frugivores have larger IOFs than insectivores and folivores? Results show that, adapoids and omomyoids have relatively small IOFs similar to euarchontans, but plesiadapiforms retain larger IOFs, comparable to most non-euarchontan mammals. Dietary analyses indicate that both frugivorous adapoids and omomyoids have larger IOFs than both insectivorous and folivorous species.text
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Liao, Chih-Sheng, and 廖誌聖. "Design of Improved Medium-Access Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network and Its Application to Ecological Monitoring." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xu7xg5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系研究所
96
The ecological monitoring system usually needs to monitor the targets for a long time, and acquires measured data steadily. Only contented with the conditions, the data just can be used to establish the ecological model. Therefore, this thesis presented an improved medium-access control protocol for wireless sensor network that aims to content with the characteristics of ecological monitoring, and it is applicable for a long-term monitoring and collecting reliable data. The proposed protocol adopted the concept of active/sleep mode in Sensor MAC (S-MAC). The sensor nodes used synchronization protocol to make nodes active/sleep synchronously. The protocol considered the number of network hierarchical levels and time slot assignment to plan the node working schedule during data transmission. It can improve the problem of data collision and idle nodes. Besides, the protocol monitored the situation of data loss while the wireless sensor network is transmitting data. When there were lost or un-transmitted data, the nodes uploaded the data by multi-paths to reduce the data loss and complete data collection. In order to keep the reliable connection of the wireless sensor network, the protocol demanded nodes to collect the information of the neighbors and found an alternative path when some nodes were out of power or damaged. Finally, we compared the designed protocol with S-MAC protocol in the power consumption, data stability and transmission latency. We also used the designed protocol in application of the oriental fruit fly monitoring system to examine the efficiency and functions.
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Foidart, Natalie Rogers. "The human-nature connection: biophilic design in a mixed-use, multi-unit residential development." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4078.
Full textAbstract:
The current human-created division between the natural and built environments has exacerbated environmental problems because nature has been designed as and, consequently, is seen as an Other to be utilized and manipulated at will. Exploring this disconnected relationship between humans and nature, as well as its origin and its effect on building occupants and the environment, is thus a necessary part of this project. The primary concern, however, centers on how we can establish a relationship with the natural environment through interior design to help foster ecological design practices and positive environmental behaviors that move beyond sustainability, resulting in a positive human-nature relation while supporting a coevolutionary perspective. Specifically, this investigation utilizes biophilic design as a solution to the division. The product is an adaptively reused structure that houses a mixed-use, multi-unit residential development, which explores the creation of human-nature connections through direct, indirect, and symbolic means.
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"The Design and Use of a Smartphone Data Collection Tool and Accompanying Configuration Language." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-12-1851.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding human behaviour is key to understanding the spread of epidemics, habit dispersion, and the efficacy of health interventions. Investigation into the patterns of and drivers for human behaviour has often been facilitated by paper tools such as surveys, journals, and diaries. These tools have drawbacks in that they can be forgotten, go unfilled, and depend on often unreliable human memories. Researcher-driven data collection mechanisms, such as interviews and direct observation, alleviate some of these problems while introducing others, such as bias and observer effects. In response to this, technological means such as special-purpose data collection hardware, wireless sensor networks, and apps for smart devices have been built to collect behavioural data. These technologies further reduce the problems experienced by more traditional behavioural research tools, but often experience problems of reliability, generality, extensibility, and ease of configuration.
This document details the construction of a smartphone-based app designed to collect data on human behaviour such that the difficulties of traditional tools are alleviated while still addressing the problems faced by modern supplemental technology. I describe the app's main data collection engine and its construction, architecture, reliability, generality, and extensibility, as well as the programming language developed to configure it and its feature set. To demonstrate the utility of the tool and its configuration language, I describe how they have been used to collect data in the field. Specifically, eleven case studies are presented in which the tool's architecture, flexibility, generality, extensibility, modularity, and ease of configuration have been exploited to facilitate a variety of behavioural monitoring endeavours. I further explain how the engine performs data collection, the major abstractions it employs, how its design and the development techniques used ensure ongoing reliability, and how the engine and its configuration language could be extended in the future to facilitate a greater range of experiments that require behavioural data to be collected. Finally, features and modules of the engine's encompassing system, iEpi, are presented that have not otherwise been documented to give the reader an understanding of where the work fits into the larger data collection and processing endeavour that spawned it.
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Reiche, Martin. "Characterizing predictive auditory processing with EEG." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A19737.
Full textAbstract:
Predictive coding theorizes the capacity of neural structures to form predictions about forthcoming sensory events based on previous sensory input. This concept increasingly gains attention within experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In auditory research, predictive coding has become a useful model that elegantly explains different aspects of auditory sensory processing and auditory perception. Many of these aspects are backed up by experimental evidence. However, certain fundamental features of predictive auditory processing have not been addressed so far by experimental investigations, like correlates of neural predictions that show up before the onset of an expected event. Four experiments were designed to investigate the proposed mechanism under more realistic conditions as compared to previous studies by manipulating different aspects of predictive (un)certainty, thereby examining the ecological validity of predictive processing in audition. Moreover, predictive certainty was manipulated gradually across five conditions from unpredictable to fully predictable in linearly increasing steps which drastically decreases the risk of discovering incidental findings. The results obtained from the conducted experiments partly confirm the results from previous studies by demonstrating effects of predictive certainty on ERPs in response to omissions of potentially predictable stimuli. Furthermore, results partly suggest that the auditory system actively engages in stimulus predictions in a literal sense as evidenced by gradual modulations of pre-stimulus ERPs associated with different degrees of predictive certainty. However, the current results remain inconsistent because the observed effects were relatively small and could not consistently be replicated in all follow-up experiments. The observed effects could be regained after accumulating the data across all experiments in order to increase statistical power. However, certain questions remain unanswered regarding a valid interpretation of the results in terms of predictive coding. Based on the current state of results, recommendations for future investigations are provided at the end of the current thesis in order to improve certain methodological aspects of investigating predictive coding in audition, including considerations on the design of experiments, possible suitable measures to investigate predictive coding in audition, recommendations for data acquisition and data analysis as well as recommendations for publication of results.:1. Introduction ... 5
1.1 An introduction to predictive coding theory ... 9
1.2 Predictive coding in audition ... 11
1.3 Electrophysiological correlates of predictive auditory processing ... 14
1.4 Limitations of previous research and aims of the thesis ... 21
2. Traditional correlates of auditory prediction ... 24
2.1 Experiment 1: Reliability of auditory predictions ... 25
2.2 Experiment 2: Accuracy of auditory predictions ... 39
3. Pre-stimulus correlates of auditory prediction ...47
3.1 Pre-stimulus effects in Experiment 1 and 2 ... 48
3.2 Experiment 3: Temporal dynamics of auditory prediction ... 56
3.3 Experiment 4: The influence of omissions on stimulus processing ... 64
4 Results across experiments ... 74
4.1 Methods ... 76
4.2 Results ... 80
4.3 Discussion ... 82
5. General Discussion ... 87
5.1 Implications for current research ... 89
5.2 Recommendations for future investigations ... 93
5.3 Future prospects ... 101
5.4 Conclusion ... 104
References ...106
Appendix ... 116
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Adolph, Inga Winny. "Remote sensing large-scale surface structures in the Wadden Sea. Application of satellite SAR data (TerraSAR-X) to record spatial distribution and dynamics of habitats and geomorphic structures for monitoring and long-term ecological research." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-202104064249.
Full textAbstract:
The Wadden Sea off the coast of the southern North Sea is the largest coherent area of tidal flats worldwide. As a highly productive ecosystem it is of global importance, e.g. as nursery for fish and as a feeding and resting area for 10 – 12 million migratory birds following the East Atlantic Flyway. The outstanding ecological significance of this region corresponds to a high level of protection by EU directives and national law and by inscription as UNESCO World Heritage Site, all of which requires regular monitoring and assessment. Apart from the ecological aspects, the Wadden Sea is also of great importance for coastal protection. To survey the extensive, often inaccessible tidal area, remote sensing is essential and while mainly airborne techniques have been carried out for decades, now high-resolution satellite-borne sensors open up new possibilities relevant for monitoring and long-term ecological research. Especially satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors offer a high availability of acquisitions as they operate largely independently of daylight and weather. The aim of the studies presented here was to explore the use of data from the TerraSAR-X satellite to record geomorphological structures and habitats for Wadden Sea Monitoring. More than 100 TerraSAR-X acquisitions from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed to distinguish various and variable surface types continuously influenced by tidal dynamics in the main study area, the tidal flats near the island of Norderney.
Visual image interpretation supported by extensive in-situ verification proved to be a suitable and unsophisticated approach which is unspecific enough to identify mussel beds, fields of shell-detritus, gully structures, mud fields, and intertidal bedforms in the upper flats of the East Frisian Islands. The method proved to be robust against changes in geometry of acquisition and environmental influences. Several time series of TerraSAR-X data enabled to follow inter-annual and seasonal dynamics as well as event effects (Adolph et al. 2018). The high-frequency TerraSAR-X data revealed novel evidence of an intertidal bedform shift in an easterly direction during the study period. To this aim, an unsupervised ISODATA classification of textural parameters was developed to vectorize and compare the bedforms positions in a GIS (Adolph et al. 2017a). The same intertidal bedform area was chosen as test-site for comparison of different remote sensing methods, namely airborne lidar, satellite-based radar (TerraSAR-X) and electro-optical sensors (RapidEye) (Adolph et al. 2017b).
High-resolution SAR data offer a relevant component for Wadden Sea Monitoring and Research, as they provide reliable, regular data with a high repetition rate. In particular, habitats with noticeable surface roughness, specific structures and textures are well reflected. Geomorphic Structures and their dynamics can be observed indirectly via detection of residual water trapped within. A comprehensive concept for Wadden Sea Monitoring however, requires automatized classifications and an integrative, multi-sensor approach (SAR, LIDAR, multi-spectral data, drones) in which different and complementary information, coverage and resolutions (spatial and temporal) contribute to an overall picture.
The studies were carried out as part of the joint research project “Scientific monitoring concepts for the German Bight” (WIMO), jointly funded by the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Protection (NMU) and the Ministry of Science and Culture (NMWK) of the Federal State of Lower Saxony. The findings have been published in Geo-Marine Letters 37/2 (2017) and in Remote Sensing 10/7 (2018).
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Nevin, Berger Rebecca. "Examining Aesthetic Subjectivity in Embodied Environments." Phd thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/164231.
Full textAbstract:
This inquiry has been concerned with identifying aesthetic
languages that make visible relationships and processes that
connect body and world beyond the surface of the skin. It
hypothesised that aesthetic language provides a material
connection which co-enables this exchange. Examining the
aesthetic dimension of the embodiment-environment intersection,
this inquiry reasoned, could make tangible the material continuum
generated through transient processes of living. The key sites of
the home and the landscape framed the scope of this research.
The methodology used to undertake this research combined
multi-artform practice spanning sculpture, video, installation,
and drawing, visual diary-led observation and critical
reflection, theoretical research, and critical engagement with
the work of other artists and practitioners working in two- and
three-dimensions.
An examination of subjectivity and of aesthetics as an
intersection of body and world centres this research. A new
materialist perspective provides a logic and drive for
scrutinising this intersection. New materialism unsettles
traditional assumptions about the passivity of matter. It
provides a framework for re-imagining the materiality of the
world and the position of human subjectivity within it: a
re-imagining, this research contends, that the current ecological
crisis demands.
The notion of aesthetics used in this inquiry is an embodied
aesthetics that refers to the meaningful sensuousness that
adheres and orients the body in the world. Ideas from John Dewey
and the field of everyday aesthetics informed critical engagement
in this embodied aesthetics through creative practice. This
approach enabled a dialogue between special aesthetic
experiences, everyday aesthetics, and habitual perception to
emerge in the research.
This research used aesthetics to examine how spaces are
demarcated and different experiences enabled. Over time, the home
as it is situated within the landscape became analogous for the
body’s intertwining with the environment. In this context, the
material passage of water through the home provided a powerful
and instructive embodiment of this intertwining, revealing both
the demarcation and the continuity of disparate spaces.
The final body of artwork is an installation that integrates the
key aesthetic languages developed through this inquiry to form a
three-dimensional river that is animated with the everyday sounds
of water and the textures of domestic warmth. It is titled Oikos,
the Greek root for ecology. ‘Oikos’ means ‘whole house and
dwelling place’. The artwork reflects the multi-layering of
aesthetic relationships through which our bodies fuse with this
world.