Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ecological heterogeneity

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ecological heterogeneity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Agnew, A. D. Q., Jurek Kolasa, and S. T. A. Pickett. "Ecological Heterogeneity (Ecological Studies 86)." Journal of Vegetation Science 4, no. 1 (February 1993): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3235744.

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Hastings, Alan. "Spatial Heterogeneity and Ecological Models." Ecology 71, no. 2 (April 1990): 426–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940296.

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Collins, Scott L., Meghan L. Avolio, Corinna Gries, Lauren M. Hallett, Sally E. Koerner, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Andrew L. Rypel, et al. "Temporal heterogeneity increases with spatial heterogeneity in ecological communities." Ecology 99, no. 4 (February 15, 2018): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2154.

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Zadorozhnaya, Galina A., Kateryna V. Andrusevych, and Olexander V. Zhukov. "Soil heterogeneity after recultivation: ecological aspect." Folia Oecologica 45, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2018-0005.

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Abstract The study subject was the soil heterogeneity at a recultivation site Nikopol manganese-ore basin (Pokrov, Ukraine). The soils at the locality are sod lithogenic soils developed on gray-green clays. The study ran by applying soil penetration resistance indices. The penetration resistance was measured across a regular grid of 7 × 15 points (21 × 45 m). The distance between the measurement points was 3 m. The parameters were recorded at every 5 cm to a depth of 50 cm. The environmental parameters were determined by phytoindication. Geostatistical analysis showed the average level of spatial dependence of soil penetration resistance. According to the features of the profile variation in penetration resistance with the depth, the measurement points have been divided into three clusters. The clusters formed morphologically homogeneous soil areas. These areas significantly differed in their soil acidity and in nitrogen content in soil.
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Grace, J. "Physical and Ecological Evaluation of Heterogeneity." Functional Ecology 5, no. 2 (1991): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2389257.

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Rosenberg, Diane B., and Stephen M. Freedman. "Temporal heterogeneity and ecological community structure." International Journal of Environmental Studies 46, no. 2-3 (August 1994): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239408710916.

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Cantrell, R. S., C. Cosner, and V. Hutson. "Ecological Models, Permanence and Spatial Heterogeneity." Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 26, no. 1 (March 1996): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1216/rmjm/1181072101.

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Shi, Xinyu, Xiaoqing Zhao, Junwei Pu, Pei Huang, Zexian Gu, and Yanjun Chen. "Evolution Modes, Types, and Social-Ecological Drivers of Ecologically Critical Areas in the Sichuan–Yunnan Ecological Barrier in the Last 15 Years." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 9206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159206.

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The ecological barrier is a complex ecosystem that couples the human–nature relationship, and the ecologically critical area is an irreplaceable area with a special value in the ecosystem. Therefore, protecting the ecologically critical area is vital for maintaining and improving regional ecological security. Limited research has been conducted on the evolution of ecologically critical areas, and none of the studies have considered the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the driving factors for different evolution modes and types. Therefore, this research adopts the ecologically critical index, landscape expansion index, and the random forest model to analyze the pattern, driving factors, and its spatial-temporal heterogeneity to the evolution modes and specific types of ecologically critical areas in the Sichuan–Yunnan ecological barrier area in the last 15 years. The results showed that: (1) the ecologically critical areas in the Sichuan–Yunnan ecological barrier have changed dramatically, with the area reduction being 61.06%. Additionally, the spatial distribution characteristics of the ecologically critical area from north to south include planar, point, and linear forms. (2) The evolution trend of the ecologically critical area is ‘degradation–expansion–degradation’. Spread is the predominant type of expansion mode, whereas atrophy is the predominant type of degradation mode, indicating that the evolution mainly occurs at the edge of the original ecologically critical areas. (3) In general, precipitation, area of forest, area of cropland, and GDP have contributed significantly to the evolution of ecologically critical areas. However, the same driving factor has different effects on the expansion and degradation of these areas. Expansion is driven by multiple factors at the same time but is mainly related to human activities and land use change, whereas for degradation, climate and policy are the main driving factors. The present research aimed to quantitatively identify the evolution modes and specific types of ecologically critical areas and explore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of driving factors. The results can help decision-makers in formulating ecological protection policies according to local conditions and in maintaining and enhancing the regional ecological functions, thereby promoting the sustainable development of society-economy-ecology.
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Palmer, Margaret A., Christine C. Hakenkamp, and Kären Nelson-Baker. "Ecological Heterogeneity in Streams: Why Variance Matters." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 16, no. 1 (March 1997): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1468251.

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Yan, Gang, Neo D. Martinez, and Yang-Yu Liu. "Degree heterogeneity and stability of ecological networks." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 131 (June 2017): 20170189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0189.

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A classic measure of ecological stability describes the tendency of a community to return to equilibrium after small perturbations. While many advances show how the network architecture of these communities severely constrains such tendencies, one of the most fundamental properties of network structure, i.e. degree heterogeneity—the variability of the number of links associated with each species, deserves further study. Here we show that the effects of degree heterogeneity on stability vary with different types of interspecific interactions. Degree heterogeneity consistently destabilizes ecological networks with both competitive and mutualistic interactions, while its effects on networks of predator–prey interactions such as food webs depend on prey contiguity, i.e. the extent to which the species consume an unbroken sequence of prey in community niche space. Increasing degree heterogeneity tends to stabilize food webs except those with the highest prey contiguity. These findings help explain why food webs are highly but not completely interval and, more broadly, deepen our understanding of the stability of complex ecological networks.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Yarnell, Sarah Munro. "Spatial heterogeneity of Rana boylii habitat : physical processes, quantification and ecological meaningfulness /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Dyson, Kirstie Elizabeth. "Biodiversity and ecosystem processes in heterogeneous environments /." St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/698.

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Jones, Jeffrey W. "Predicting measures of diversity for forest regeneration using site and overstory variables a regression approach /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3548.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 50 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-38).
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Mealor, Michael A. "Spatial heterogeneity in ecology." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/53.

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This project predominantly investigated the implications of spatial heterogeneity in the ecological processes of competition and infection. Empirical analysis of spatial heterogeneity was carried out using the lepidopteran species Plodia interpunctella. Using differently viscous food media, it was possible to alter the movement rate of larvae. Soft Foods allow the movement rate of larvae to be high, so that individuals can disperse through the environment and avoid physical encounters with conspecifics. Harder foods lower the movement rate of larvae, restricting the ability of individuals to disperse away from birth sites and avoid conspecifics encounters. Increasing food viscosity and lowering movement rate therefore has the effect of making uniform distributed larval populations more aggregated and patchy. Different spatial structures changed the nature of intraspecific competition, with patchy populations characterised by individuals experiencing lower growth rates and greater mortality because of the reduced food and space available within densely packed aggregations. At the population scale, the increased competition for food individuals experience in aggregations emerges as longer generational cycles and reduced population densities. Aggregating individuals also altered the outcome of interspecific competition between Plodia and Ephestia cautella. In food media that allowed high movement rates, Plodia had a greater survival rate than Ephestia because the larger movement rate of Plodia allowed it to more effectively avoid intraspecific competition. Also the faster growth rate, and so larger size, of Plodia allowed it to dominate interspecific encounters by either predating or interfering with the feeding of Ephestia. In food that restricts movement, the resulting aggregations cause Plodia to experience more intraspecific encounters relative to interspecific, reducing its competitive advantage and levelling the survival of the two species. Spatial structure also affected the dynamics of a Plodia-granulosis virus interaction and the evolution of virus infectivity. Larval aggregation forced transmission to become limited to within host patches, making the overall prevalence of the virus low. However potentially high rates of cannibalism and multiple infections within overcrowded host aggregations caused virus-induced mortality to be high, as indicated by the low host population density when virus is presented. Also aggregated host populations cause the evolution of lower virus infectivity, where less infective virus strains maintain more susceptible hosts within the aggregation and so possess a greater transmission rate. The pattern of variation in resistance of Plodia interpunctella towards its granulosis virus was found using two forms of graphical analysis. There was a bimodal pattern of variation, with most individuals exhibiting either low or high levels of resistance. This pattern was related to a resistance mechanism that is decreasingly costly to host fitness.
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du, Plessis Darren Scott. "Temporal interactions with flamingo foraging plasticity: ecological effects on basal resources and benthic heterogeneity." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29623.

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The role of predation as a structuring agent of communities has been a focal area of research in marine ecology. Conversely, studies focusing on foraging plasticity, particularly by shorebirds, and consequences for benthic community structure, heterogeneity and ecosystem functioning have been limited in marine soft-sediments. Temporal interactions with foraging plasticity is an even greater knowledge gap. The primary goal of this dissertation was to expand on current understanding of foraging plasticity and the broader ecological role of Greater Flamingos as predators in marine sedimentary ecosystems. The specific aim was to test the long-term effects of different foraging structure sizes (which is a subtle form of foraging plasticity) on sedimentary assemblages following foraging disturbances. In situ comparisons of large and small foraging structures created by the flamingos with adjacent non-foraged sediments (controls) indicated that small channels had greater concentrations of sediment organic matter relative to large channels following feeding. Additionally, small feeding structures supported greater abundances of the burrowing amphipod Urothoe grimaldii and the grazing gastropod Assiminea globulus along with elevated size-specific sediment deposition rates. These results shed light on the differential timedependent impacts flamingo foraging plasticity can generate on basal trophic resources and higher consumers. Results also showed that irrespective of size, feeding channels made by flamingos generally became enriched with microalgae following foraging, with this enrichment effects spilling over into non-foraged controls sediments. This indicates that foraging by flamingos has the potential to create resource islands that become enriched with microalgae over time, with effects spilling over into adjacent non-foraged areas. Importantly, these positive effects may oppose the negative effects of bioturbation by burrowing sandprawns on productivity, which is a dominant process in the study area. This study emphasizes the importance of Greater Flamingos in regulating basal resource supply, community structure and spatio-temporal heterogeneity and has highlighted the need for predation models within sedimentary environments to incorporate time-dependent effects of foraging plasticity into current thinking.
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Afán, Asencio Isabel. "Ecological response of marine predators to environmental heterogeneity and spatio-temporal variability in resource availability." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398990.

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Seabirds have evolved within an open and dynamic environment, the ocean. As meso-top predators, seabirds are greatly influenced by the oceanographic conditions driving marine productivity, and therefore, distribution of their prey. Consequently, seabirds’ behaviour and, ultimately, life-history traits are greatly influenced, by the ever-changing oceanographic conditions. However, oceanographic conditions are currently changing at ever-increasing rates due to global warming and human harvest impacting marine ecosystems. Thus, seabirds have become particularly vulnerable to these changes. Accordingly, in this thesis, we investigated the ecological responses of seabirds, in terms of foraging and breeding performance, to the spatio-temporal variability of environmental conditions imposed by oceans and exacerbated by climate and human stressors. In particular, we (i) identified the climate and human stressors impacting the world’s ocean, (ii) investigated the actual scale at which seabirds interact with their environment, (iii) assessed how seabirds respond to oceanographic variability by changing their foraging and reproductive strategies and (iv) proposed an integrative tool for the design of marine reserves protecting seabirds and their environment. The objectives of this thesis were accomplished through advanced procedures in the fields of satellite remote sensing and animal tracking. Our results confirmed the unprecedented changes experienced by oceans in the last decades. However, we were able to provide deepest insights on the uneven distribution of climate and human driven environmental changes. When investigating the link between such environmental variability and seabirds’ behaviour, we found that dynamic processes as ocean currents were key factors determining the scale at which seabirds interact with their environment. Environmental features driving the spatiotemporal distribution of prey (e.g. sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, sea fronts and persistent areas of productivity) along with industrial fisheries played a fundamental role in determining the foraging distribution of seabirds. However, seabirds’ foraging strategies were largely constrained by limitations imposed by their central-place foraging behaviour and by dynamic factors such as prevalent winds, which influenced individual decision- making in heading directions when foraging. Intra and interspecific competition for resources also modulated foraging distributions, avoiding conspecifics or segregating foraging areas among sympatric species in appropriate stages. In general, we have provided a complete picture of environmental processes affecting seabirds. We argue that this information would be extremely useful for designing suitable management and conservation strategies. Thus, we finally proposed an adaptive framework for delimitation of more meaningful marine reserves that maximises conservation targets for seabirds, while accounting for human activities, environmental and biological factors largely driven seabird performance and, remarkably, the dynamism inherent to marine systems.
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Kendall, Bruce Edward. "Spatial structure and transient periodicity in biological dynamics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187496.

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Structure, in its many forms, is a central theme in theoretical population ecology. At a mathematical level, it arises as nonuniformities in the topology of nonlinear dynamical systems. I investigate a mechanism wherein a chaotic time series can have episodes of nearly periodic dynamics interspersed with more 'typical' irregular dynamics. This phenomenon frequently appears in biological models, and may explain patterns of alternating biennial and irregular dynamics in measles epidemics. I investigate the interaction between spatial structure and density-dependent population regulation with a simple model of two logistic maps coupled by diffusive migration. I examine two different consequences of spatial structure: scale-dependent interactions ("nonlocal interactions") and spatial variation in resource quality ("environmental heterogeneity"). Nonlocal interactions allow three general dynamical regimes: in-phase, out-of-phase, and uncorrelated. With environmental heterogeneity, the dynamics of the total population size can be approximated by a logistic map with the mean growth parameter of the two patches; the dynamics within a single patch are often less regular. Adding environmental heterogeneity to non-local interactions has little qualitative effect on the dynamics when the differences between patches are small; when the differences are large, uncorrelated dynamics are most likely to be seen, and there are interesting consequences for the stability of source-sink systems. A third type of structure arises when individuals differ from one another. Accurate prediction of extinction risk in small populations requires that a distinction be made between demographic stochasticity (variation among individuals) and environmental stochasticity (variation among years or sites). I describe and evaluate two tests to determine whether all the variation in population survivorship can be explained by demographic stochasticity alone. Both tests have appropriate probabilities of type I error, unless the survival probability is very low or very high. Small amounts of environmental stochasticity are often not detected by the tests, but the hypothesis of demographic stochasticity alone is consistently rejected when environmental stochasticity is large. I also show how to factor out deterministic sources of variability, such as density-dependence. I illustrate these tests with data on a population of Acorn Woodpeckers.
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Star, Bastiaan, and n/a. "Space matters : modeling selection in spatially heterogeneous environments." University of Otago. Department of Zoology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080507.151534.

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Selection in spatially heterogeneous environments is a convenient explanation for the high levels of genetic variation observed in natural populations. Indeed, theoretical studies predict that spatial heterogeneity leads to higher levels of variation in a variety of selection models. These models, however, have assumed quite restrictive parameters (e.g., two alleles, fixed gene flow and specific selection schemes). Therefore, the effect on spatial heterogeneity is still poorly understood for a wider range of parameters (e.g., multiple alleles, different levels of gene flow and more general selection schemes). We have relaxed some of the assumptions that have limited the previous models and studied the effect of spatial heterogeneity using simple single-locus viability selection models. First, we investigate the rarity of the parts of fitness space maintaining variation for multiple alleles and different levels of gene flow by randomly sampling that space using a "fitness space" approach. The volume of fitness space maintaining variation is always larger in a spatial model compared to a single-population model regardless of gene flow. Moreover, this volume is relatively larger for higher numbers of alleles, indicating that spatial heterogeneity is more efficient maintaining higher levels of variation. Second, we investigate the ease with which a more natural process of recurrent mutation and selection evolves to the particular area of fitness space maintaining variation using a "construction" approach. Depending on the amount of gene flow, the construction approach leads to both higher and lower levels of variation compared to a single-population model. Thus, spatial heterogeneity can both constrain and promote the ease with which a natural process of mutation and selection evolves to maintain variation. Also, the construction approach results in variation being maintained in a more stable subset of the volume of fitness space than the volume that resulted from the fitness space approach. Third, we investigate the effect of higher and lower levels of spatial environmental heterogeneity using the construction approach. The different levels of heterogeneity and gene flow interact to influence the amount of variation that is eventually maintained and this interaction effect is especially strong for intermediate levels of gene flow. More heterogeneous environments can maintain higher levels of variation, but selection in these environments also results in a higher level of migration load, lowering the final amount of adaptation that is achieved by the simulated evolutionary process. Finally, we investigate effect of genetic drift and finite populations using the construction approach. Interestingly, two different effects emerge for smaller and larger populations; in smaller populations genetic drift lowers the amount of variation as expected, whereas, more surprisingly, genetic drift increases the amount of variation in larger populations. Overall, spatial heterogeneity has profound effects on the outcome of selection, resulting in elevated levels of genetic variation for a wide variety of parameters.
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Memory, Andrew Edmund. "What Factors Influence the Success of Senecio (Asteraceae) in Canterbury, New Zealand? A Phylogenetic and Ecological Study." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7468.

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Abstract Senecio is one of the largest genera in the Asteraceae family with 28 Senecio species in New Zealand and over 1200 species worldwide. Native Senecio in the Canterbury region are typically naturally uncommon and exhibit extreme fluctuations in population size. Contrary to native Senecio, exotic Senecio in the Canterbury region are thriving. Why some exotic species thrive in a novel environment while native species decline has been an area of intense study since the era of Darwin. However, despite extensive study, we are still unsure about the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. This thesis looks at several hypotheses that have been proposed to explain differences in success between native and exotic species including four that have been frequently mentioned in the literature: phylogenetics, natural enemy release and biotic resistance, allopolyploidy and habitat modification. In order to determine if phylogenetic relatedness influences the abundance and distribution of Senecio species in Canterbury, DNA phylogenies of New Zealand’s Senecio were constructed using nuclear (ITS, ETS) and plastid (trnL, trnL-F and psbA-trnH) DNA sequences. The resulting cladograms were used to determine the areas of origin of New Zealand’s Senecio lineages, the identity of their closest relatives and lineages and species that are of allopolyploid origin. The data provided by the phylogenetic analyses was to provide context for analyses of ecological data of 86 native and exotic Senecio populations from the Canterbury region. My results indicate that phylogenetic relatedness is a poor predictor of the amount of folivory experienced by Senecio, although some natural enemies of native and exotic Senecio displayed a positive preference for Senecio depending on their clade. The strongest effects on Senecio and the occurrences of their natural enemies came from the surrounding land use which influenced the amount of folivory and the abundances of natural enemies on Senecio. Enemy release and biotic resistance were land use specific within Canterbury and by themselves cannot explain the variance in folivory when applied to a landscape scale. According to my results, the biggest factor influencing Senecio folivory, abundance and distribution in the Canterbury region is change in the surrounding land use.
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Rodriguez-Buriticá, Susana. "Effects of the spatial heterogeneity formed by Ambrosia dumosa on individual and population growth of the invasive annual grass Schismus barbatus." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1233264311.

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Books on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Kolasa, Jurek, and Steward T. A. Pickett, eds. Ecological Heterogeneity. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5.

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Jurek, Kolasa, Pickett Steward T. 1950-, and Allen T. F. H, eds. Ecological heterogeneity. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Goigel, Turner Monica, and Bogucki D. J, eds. Landscape heterogeneity and disturbance. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Gertrude, Hauser, Little Michael A, and Roberts Derek F, eds. Man, culture and biodiversity: Understanding interdependencies; report of a workshop held on April 2, 1994, Denver, Colorado, USA. [Paris, France]: International Union of Biological Sciences, 1994.

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Dhanapāla, Ē Ec. Jaivavividhatvaya: Vināśaya, maṅkollaya saha saṃrakṣaṇaya. Koḷamba: Ăs. Goḍagē saha Sahōdarayō, 2005.

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Vijēbaṇḍāra, Kr̥ṣṇa. Maha vana mădaṭa rakusan ăvit: Jaiva sampat kollayē anduru pătikaḍa. Koḷamba: Sīyantrā Mīḍiyā (Găranṭ), 2007.

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Köck, Wolfgang, and Nina Wolff. 10 Jahre Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt: Eine Zwischenbilanz. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2004.

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1950-, Pickett Steward T., and Cary Conference (6th : 1995 : Institute of Ecosystem Studies), eds. The ecological basis of conservation: Heterogeneity, ecosystems, and biodiversity. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1997.

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Ritchie, Mark E. Scale, heterogeneity, and the structure and diversity of ecological communities. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.

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A, Zhukova L., Glotov N. V, Zhivotovskiĭ L. A, Mariĭskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet. Kafedra botaniki, ėkologii i fiziologii rasteniĭ., and Russkoe botanicheskoe obshchestvo. Regionalʹnoe otdelenie Respubliki Mariĭ Ėl., eds. Zhiznʹ populi︠a︡t︠s︡iĭ v geterogennoĭ srede. Ĭoshkar-Ola: Mariĭskiĭ gos. universitet, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Kolasa, Jurek, and C. David Rollo. "Introduction: The Heterogeneity of Heterogeneity: A Glossary." In Ecological Studies, 1–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_1.

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O’Neill, Robert V., Robert H. Gardner, Bruce T. Milne, Monica G. Turner, and Barbara Jackson. "Heterogeneity and Spatial Hierarchies." In Ecological Studies, 85–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_5.

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Downing, John A. "Biological Heterogeneity in Aquatic Ecosystems." In Ecological Studies, 160–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_9.

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Naeem, Shahid, and Robert K. Colwell. "Ecological Consequences of Heterogeneity of Consumable Resources." In Ecological Studies, 224–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_12.

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Milne, Bruce T. "Heterogeneity as a Multiscale Characteristic of Landscapes." In Ecological Studies, 69–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_4.

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Barry, James P., and Paul K. Dayton. "Physical Heterogeneity and the Organization of Marine Communities." In Ecological Studies, 270–320. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_14.

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Larkin, Daniel J., Gregory L. Bruland, and Joy B. Zedler. "Heterogeneity Theory and Ecological Restoration." In Foundations of Restoration Ecology, 271–300. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-698-1_10.

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Keddy, Paul A. "Working with Heterogeneity: An Operator’s Guide to Environmental Gradients." In Ecological Studies, 181–201. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_10.

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McIntosh, Robert P. "Concept and Terminology of Homogeneity and Heterogeneity in Ecology." In Ecological Studies, 24–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_2.

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Loehle, Craig. "Managing and Monitoring Ecosystems in the Face of Heterogeneity." In Ecological Studies, 144–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3062-5_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Korobova, Elena, and Sergey Romanov. "Ecological and geochemical heterogeneity and structural organization of the modern noosphere." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.6395.

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Wang, Qin, Zimin Wang, and Dongli Lu. "Research on the Influences of Credit Constraints & Occupational Heterogeneity on Women’s Participation in Continuing Education." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-18.2018.152.

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Khandogiy, A. V., E. K. Svistun, I. V. Gubich, V. V. Rottooth, N. А. Anishchenko, A. D. Petkevich, A. A. Neverko, et al. "BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE PARK ZONES OF MINSK." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-197-201.

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The article discusses the features of the ecology of birds in the parks of Minsk. The territorial heterogeneity of quantitative indicators of the bird population was determined. Factors that threaten birds in urban areas have been identified. Measures are proposed to preserve the species diversity of the avifauna and improve the ecological conditions of habitats in the parks of the capital, such as the creation of special recreation areas for people on the outskirts of park areas, conservation of tree species, planting trees and shrubs, conservation of forest litter, installation of artificial nests and feeders, use for night lighting more modern lighting fixtures, promoting the protection and conservation of the avifauna, educating citizens in a humane and caring attitude towards the animal world. It is concluded that the conservation of bird biodiversity should be addressed in a comprehensive manner, depending on the ecological specifics of a particular bird species and a particular park.
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Justeau-Allaire, Dimitri. "AI and Decision Support for Sustainable Socio-Ecosystems." In Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/707.

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The conservation and the restoration of biodiversity, in accordance with human well-being, is a necessary condition for the realization of several Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is still an important gap between biodiversity research and the management of natural areas. This research project aims to reduce this gap by proposing spatial planning methods that robustly and accurately integrate socio-ecological issues. Artificial intelligence, and notably Constraint Programming, will play a central role and will make it possible to remove the methodological obstacles that prevent us from properly addressing the complexity and heterogeneity of sustainability issues in the management of ecosystems. The whole will be articulated in three axes: (i) integrate socio-ecological dynamics into spatial planning, (ii) rely on adequate landscape metrics in spatial planning, (iii) scaling up spatial planning methods performances. The main study context of this project is the sustainable management of tropical forests, with a particular focus on New Caledonia and West Africa.
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Tskhai, A. A., V. Yu Ageikov, and A. N. Semchukov. "Modeling of the spatial distribution of the components for the ecosystem of the Novosibirsk reservoir." In Spatial Data Processing for Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic Processes 2021. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/sdm.2021.84.73.067.

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The object of the study is the ecosystem of the largest in Western Siberia — the Novosibirsk reservoir. The aim of the study is forecast the response of hydrobiocenosis on the implementation of different methods for the aquatic ecosystem restoration. Novelty: structural-dynamics modeling of ecological processes based on the reproduction of biogeochemical cycles of limiting elements in the conditions of spatial heterogeneity for the reservoir is performed. A preliminary conclusion is formulating about the main role of autochthonous processes in the eutrophication of the Novosibirsk reservoir. A comparative assessment of the influence for three variants of washing the reservoir with a flood wave on the annual variability of the phytoplankton content and nitrate concentration in three characteristic parts of the Novosibirsk reservoir was carried out.
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Chatterjee, Abheek, Cade Helbig, Richard Malak, and Astrid Layton. "A Comparison of Graph-Theoretic Approaches for Resilient System of Systems Design." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89939.

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Abstract System of Systems (SoS) are networked integration of constituent systems that together achieve new capabilities not possible through the operation of any single system. SoS can be found across all aspects of modern life such as power grids, supply chains, and aerospace operations. Their resilience (being able to withstand and recover from disruptions) is a critical attribute whose evaluation is nontrivial and requires detailed disruption models. Engineers rely on heuristics (such as redundancy and localized capacity) for achieving resilience that often result in unacceptable operation costs, erosion of profits, over-consumption of natural resources, or unacceptable levels of waste or emissions. Graph-theoretic approaches provide a potential solution to this challenge as they can evaluate architectural characteristics without needing detailed performance simulations, supporting their use in early-stage SoS architecture selection. However, no consensus exists as to which graph-theoretic metrics are most valuable for SoS design and how they should be included in the design process. In this work, multiple graph-theoretic approaches are analyzed and compared, on a common platform, for their use as design tools for resilient SoS. The metrics Density, Total Degree Heterogeneity, Modularity, Specialized Predator Ratio, Generalization, Vulnerability, and Ecological Fitness are found to be viable options for the development of early stage resilient SoS design tools and operation-specific applications.
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Miletic, Andrea, Ana Kuvezdic Divjak, and Karlo Kevic. "INCREASING THE IMPACT OF OPEN DATA THROUGH VISUALISATION: CARTOGRAPHIC VISUALISATION OF OCEAN DATA." In 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/3.2/s12.12.

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Many national and international agencies and organizations collect and provide open access to data on parts of the Earth's surface covered by water. Data on ocean temperature and acidity, precipitation, river flows, lake, sea, and groundwater levels, and many other open data sets allow researchers to monitor and observe water at different scales and time frames, and to better understand ecological processes and human impacts on the water environment. The main challenge in analyzing the vast amount of openly available data on seas, oceans, and other parts of the Earth's surface covered by water is their heterogeneity and the complexity of dynamic processes, which can be highly variable both spatially and temporally. Effective visualization of such data on a map can help in the effort to make mutual relationships obvious, to recognize the impacts of different actions, and model and evaluate tradeoffs among possible solutions. This paper explores the options available to cartographers for designing various thematic representations of data related to the water-covered portions of the Earth's surface. Using a set of openly available data, we demonstrate how choice of map projection, color schema type, and color palette can influence the transfer of information related to ocean health. In this process we examine the role of cartography in designing various thematic representations of data related to parts of the Earth's surface covered by water.
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Rocha, Aline Ferreira Bandeira de Melo, Ruffo Freitas-Júnior, Leonardo Ribeiro Soares, Glalber Luiz da Rocha Ferreira, and Rosemar Macedo Sousa Rahal. "Screening and diagnosis of breast cancer in older women in Brazil: Why should recommendations be reconsidered?" In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023. Mastology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942023v33s1021.

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Objective: Breast cancer is considered one of the current challenges of population aging. Nevertheless, there is disagreement about screening in older women over 70 years of age due to the lack of prospective, controlled, and randomized studies that include women in this group. The aim of this study was to evaluate Brazilian data on mammography screening and staging of breast cancer in women over 70 years. Methodology: This was an ecological time series study. Information on screening and staging of breast cancer in the Unified Health System (SUS) in women over 70 years of age was analyzed and compared with the group aged 50–69 years in Brazil and its five regions from 2013 to 2019. The secondary database was compiled with information from the Outpatient Information System of the Informatics Department of the SUS, the Oncology Brazil Panel, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the Supplementary Health the Supplemental Health Agency, and the Online Mortality Atlas. Trends in rates of mammography screening and clinical staging of breast cancer were analyzed. Results: In the regression analysis, a more significant decline in follow-up was observed in the 70+-year-old group, with an APC of –3.5 (p<0.001), compared with the 50- to 69-year-old group APC – 2.2 (p=0.010). There was a trend toward an increase in the advanced stage, but it was more pronounced in the 70+-year-old group. Clinical staging analysis revealed a higher incidence of stages III and IV in the elderly population (44.3%) compared with the 50–69-year-old group (40.8%; p<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the aging of the Brazilian population and the heterogeneity of the functional and cognitive status of older women, mammography screening in the group over 70 years of age in SUS needs to be better discussed in the context of public policy implementation.
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Peacock, Craig D., Priyanka Gopal, Aaron Petty, Kevin Rogacki, and Mohamed E. Abazeed. "Abstract 1186: Intratumoral heterogeneity in small cell carcinoma of the lung: An evolutionary and ecologic process." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1186.

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Reports on the topic "Ecological heterogeneity"

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Killgore, K., Jan Hoover, Amanda Oliver, W. Slack, and Alan Katzenmeyer. Ecological Model to Evaluate Borrow Areas in the Lower Mississippi River. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48257.

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An aquatic analysis of constructing borrow areas adjacent to the main line levees in the Lower Mississippi River was conducted as part of an Environmental Impact Statement for upgrading the levee system. A Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) regression model based on field collections was developed to predict fish species richness as a function of the morphometry and water quality of borrow areas. The HSI score was multiplied by acres of borrow areas created during construction to obtain habitat units (HUs) for each alternative indicating a substantial gain of fishery habitat in the floodplain. Environmental features identified by the model to increase fish species richness and overall habitat heterogeneity include the shape of the pit (e.g., bowl-shaped with deep water rather than long rectangular with shallower water), the availability of littoral areas for fish spawning and rearing, using best management practices such as tree screens and bank stabilization to lower turbidity, adding islands, and creating sinuous shorelines. The project results in an overall gain in aquatic habitat by creating permanent or semi-permanent water bodies on the floodplain that our research indicates may be occupied by at least 75 species of fish contributing to the overall biodiversity of the lower Mississippi River.
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Harris, Aubrey, and Darixa Hernandez-Abrams. Monitoring geomorphology to inform ecological outcomes downstream of reservoirs affected by sediment release. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48470.

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Increasingly, reservoir managers are seeking techniques that improve sediment management while considering long-term sedimentation and reduced operational flexibility. These techniques, often termed sustainable sediment management, involve passing sediment through reservoirs and into downstream rivers. Conceptually, restoring sediment continuity can benefit ecosystem function by increasing floodplain connectivity, contributing to the heterogeneity of channel geomorphology, and supporting the continuity of nutrient cycling. However, when a change is made to operations, geomorphic changes may need to be monitored to document benefits and mitigate any unexpected effects of the change. This investigation develops a geomorphic monitoring plan for downstream reaches affected by sediment-release operations at reservoirs. The monitoring objectives are aligned with potential geomorphic change caused by changes to sediment supply and the associated effects on river function. A tiered approach is presented to explain the quality of information that can be assessed from increasing levels of data collection. A general conceptual model is described in which geomorphic data may be linked to physical habitat conditions and, therefore, ecological processes. The geomorphic monitoring plan for the Tuttle Creek Reservoir water injection dredging (WID) pilot project is presented as a case study. This technical note establishes a general framework for monitoring the design for sustainable sediment management in different ecological and geomorphic contexts.
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Ashworth, William. Ecological interactions of habitat forming emergent vegetation : With focus on Phragmites australis and Typha sp. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.7bt282v5l5.

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Stands of emergent vegetation such as the common reed (Phragmites australis) and members of the genus Typha are a key part of many freshwater and brackish shoreline ecosystems. Similar to trees in a forest, these macrophytes provide structural complexity, a source of food, and shelter from harsher abiotic conditions supporting a broad range of flora and fauna. However, in recent years, anthropogenic activities have facilitated these species to dominate their native ecosystems, forming increasingly homogenous reed beds, and furthermore to invade many non native habitats. In this text, I review the ecological interactions of habitat forming emergent vegetation with an emphasis on other macrophytes, fish, birds and invertebrates. Trends in literature highlight both the importance of emergent vegetation to aquatic ecosystems, but also the negative impact they can have when invading, or forming dense homogenous stands. The competitive exclusion of other macrophytes and physical reduction of space within stands of emergent vegetation are the main drivers that negate or reverse most of the beneficial ecological interactions of reed or Typha with other organisms. I also detail how various management practices have attempted to address the presented issues, with the most successful methods being those that aim to promote heterogeneity. While progress has been made, future studies should focus on the identification of optimal management practices, to pave the way for more effective conservation applications.
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Ford, Adam T., Marcel Huijser, and Anthony P. Clevenger. Long-term responses of an ecological community to highway mitigation measures. Nevada Department of Transportation, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.06.

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In road mitigation systems characterized by multiple wildlife crossing structures (CS) and multiple-focal species, these species-specific design criteria are important to meeting management goals. CS types and locations are fixed in place and cannot be manipulated experimentally; long term studies may offer the best chance to inform evidence-based designs for new CS projects in the future. Long-term data from Banff National Park are uniquely posed to answer these critical questions. More recently, highway mitigation along US93 in Montana provides an additional case study with which to understand the responses of large animals to different CS designs. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting movement of large mammals through CS using data sets from both mitigation projects. Year-round monitoring of CS use was used in an analytical framework to address questions regarding species-specific and community level use of CS; design and habitat factors that best explain species-specific variation; and whether importance of design parameters changes over time. Over the 17 years of the Banff study, and the six years of the Montana study, CS facilitated over 200,000 crossing events at 55 locations. There were significant changes in annual crossing events over time. Variables associated with CS passage rates were species specific, but aligned with a few clusters of preference. With the exception of coyotes, all large carnivore species preferred open span bridges or overpasses to other CS types. In Montana, fencing was positively associated with passage rates for black bears and cougars. We found that wider CS tend to be preferred by most species, irrespective of their location. We also found that wider CS tend to have shorter ‘adaptation’ curves than narrower ones for grizzly bears, coyotes, cougars, and moose. Depending on the heterogeneity of the landscape near the highway, more CS may not create more crossing opportunities if local habitat conditions do not favor animals’ access to the road. At the scale of ecological communities, the flows of mass and energy are likely enough to alter the distribution of ecological processes in the Banff and Montana ecosystems. Our results highlight the value of long-term monitoring for assessing the effectiveness of mitigation measures. Our work confirms the species-specific nature of measure CS performance, leading to our primary recommendation that a diversity of CS designs be considered an essential part of a well-designed mitigation system for the large mammals of western North America. Short-term monitoring efforts may fail to accurately portray the ecological benefits of mitigation for populations and ecological communities. Our results will help to inform design and aid in the establishment of robust, long-term performance measures.
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Taheripour, Farzad, Thomas Hertel, and Jing Liu. Introducing water by river basin into the GTAP-BIO model: GTAP-BIO-W. GTAP Working Paper, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp77.

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This paper introduces water into the GTAP modeling framework at a river basin level. The new model: 1) distinguishes between irrigated and rainfed agriculture using different production functions; 2) takes into account heterogeneity in land quality across agro-ecological zones; 3) traces supply of water at the river basin level within each country/region; 4) fully captures competition for land among crop, livestock and forestry industries; 5) and, most importantly, offers the potential to extend the competition for managed water among agricultural and non-agricultural activities. Individuals interested in working with the GTAP-Water data base and model are referred to the following publication in the <a href="https://jgea.org/resources/jgea/ojs/index.php/jgea/article/view/35" target="_blank">Journal of Global Economic Analysis</a>
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Leis, Sherry, and Lloyd Morrison. Plant community trends at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve: 1998–2018. National Park Service, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294512.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network monitors plant communities at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve and evaluates a variety of environmental variables that affect vegetation patterns, including climate and ecological disturbances such as fire and grazing. Here we report on 2002–2018 trends in management actions (fire and grazing) and key plant community indicators. Temperature has increased over the past 50 years in the region. Precipitation and a standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index included a high degree of interannual variability and did not demonstrate directional change. We documented a decline in disturbance intensity (i.e., less frequent prescribed fire and lower stocking rates) since 2006. A preserve goal is to maintain 30 to 60% of the area as bare ground (soil and rock) for ideal greater prairie-chicken habitat. Bare areas have been in decline and minimally meet the goal preserve wide. Bare areas vary by pasture and year, with bare areas exceeding the threshold in earlier years and Big Pasture and Red House Pasture falling short in some recent years. Although the preserve-scale mean minimally met the objective, there was a great deal of heterogeneity across monitoring sites. Litter cover and depth were greater than ecological recommendations for the greater prairie-chicken, especially in 2018. Litter depth demonstrated a great deal of variability and included deep litter. Woody plants were targeted to remain below 5% cover. Preserve- and pasture-scale cover means were well below this threshold but are increasing. Species richness on a per site basis (alpha diversity) and preserve-wide richness (gamma diversity) showed no apparent directional change when corrected for differences in sample size. Comparison of native species composition between 2002 and 2018 revealed a 36.9% difference in the Sørensen Index, although observer error accounted for almost 2/3 of this apparent change. The preserve continues to have characteristic tallgrass prairie species, and nonnative species continue to be low. Similar to targeted invasive plant monitoring, we found the target species Kentucky bluegrass to be below park thresholds. Continued evaluation of fire frequency and grazing intensity will be critical to achieving ecological goals including conserving the greater prairie-chicken. Development of a grazing plan may assist with prescribing stocking rates that are consistent with the preserve’s ecological and cultural objectives and could include alternative herbivores, such as goats or expansion of bison.
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