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Journal articles on the topic 'Eco Roof'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Galarza-Molina, Sandra, Andrés Torres, Pervys Rengifo, Angela Puentes, Eliana Cárcamo-Hernández, Sandra Méndez-Fajardo, and Carlos Devia. "The benefits of an eco-productive green roof in Bogota, Colombia." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 8 (August 26, 2016): 1135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16665896.

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In peri-urban areas of Bogota, people harvest and use untreated rainwater. Initial research indicates that water collected from roofs contains high turbidity values, as well as high concentrations of total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand 5-Day and heavy metals. Moreover, these areas do not generally have access to public sewer systems. An eco-productive green roof with the aim of reducing poverty and improving the quality of life of the communities located peri-urban areas of Bogota has been described and examined. These eco-roofs are made with cheaply attainable materials (e.g. recycled plastic bottles). The aim of this study was to understand the hydrological benefits of this type of green roof. We built an experimental set-up consisted of six independent eco-roof modules planted with different crop plant species and a reference roof to serve as a control. The results obtained showed that the crop type had significant influence over the results of both hydrological behaviour and pollutant concentrations measured on the runoff from roofs. The eco-roof can retain up to 65% of the runoff volume and can reduce the runoff peak up to 80%; the eco-roof helped in retaining high concentrations of zinc. The results obtained represent a meaningful positive impact for the eco-roofs tested for stormwater harvesting and suggest that these systems could offer hydrological benefits that might help re-establish hydrological values for marginal urban areas.
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2

Liu, Chunlu, and Yan Li. "Measuring eco-roof mitigation on flash floods via GIS simulation." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 6, no. 4 (September 5, 2016): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-07-2015-0031.

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Purpose The rapid and ongoing expansion of urbanised impervious areas could lead to more frequent flood inundation in urban flood-prone regions. Nowadays, urban flood inundation induced by rainstorm is an expensive natural disaster in many countries. In order to reduce the flooding risk, eco-roof systems (or green roof systems) could be considered as an effective mechanism of mitigating flooding disasters through their rainwater retention capability. However, there is still a lack of examining the stormwater management tool. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects on flooding disaster from extensive green roofs. Design/methodology/approach Based on geographical information system (GIS) simulation, this research presents a frame of assessing eco-roof impacts on urban flash floods. The approach addresses both urban rainfall-runoff and underground hydrologic models for traditional impervious and green roofs. Deakin University’s Geelong Waurn Ponds campus is chosen as a study case. GIS technologies are then utilised to visualise and analyse the effects on flood inundation from surface properties of building roofs. Findings The results reveal that the eco-roof systems generate varying degrees of mitigation of urban flood inundation with different return period storms. Originality/value Although the eco-roof technology is considered as an effective stormwater management tool, it is not commonly adopted and examined in urban floods. This study will bring benefits to urban planners for raising awareness of hazard impacts and to construction technicians for considering disaster mitigation via roof technologies. The approach proposed here could be used for the disaster mitigation in future urban planning.
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Knapp, Schmauck, and Zehnsdorf. "Biodiversity Impact of Green Roofs and Constructed Wetlands as Progressive Eco-Technologies in Urban Areas." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 21, 2019): 5846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205846.

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The total amount of sealed surfaces is increasing in many urban areas, which presents a challenge for sewerage systems and wastewater treatment plants when extreme rainfall events occur. One promising solution approach is the application of decentralized eco-technologies for water management such as green roofs and constructed wetlands, which also have the potential to improve urban biodiversity. We review the effects of these two eco-technologies on species richness, abundance and other facets of biodiversity (e.g., functional diversity). We find that while green roofs support fewer species than ground-level habitats and thus are not a substitute for the latter, the increase in green roof structural diversity supports species richness. Species abundance benefits from improved roof conditions (e.g., increased substrate depth). Few studies have investigated the functional diversity of green roofs so far, but the typical traits of green roof species have been identified. The biodiversity of animals in constructed wetlands can be improved by applying animal-aided design rather than by solely considering engineering requirements. For example, flat and barrier-free shore areas, diverse vegetation, and heterogeneous surroundings increase the attractiveness of constructed wetlands for a range of animals. We suggest that by combining and making increasing use of these two eco-technologies in urban areas, biodiversity will benefit.
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4

Vilinskaya, Lyudmila, Galina Burlak, and Alisa Zalogina. "RECONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH THE ORGANIZATION OF GREEN ROOF." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 64 (August 31, 2022): 250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.64.250-260.

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The design of a low-rise residential building with an exploited green roof was studied. In order to improve the ecological condition and tourist attractiveness of the building in the city of Odessa, a project of eco-reconstruction of the "Rodokonaki" apartment building with the organization of a flat exploited green roof is proposed. The project involves a combined plan of an exploited roof with combined landscaping and landscaping, and can also be considered as a fifth facade. Using the example of the designed building, it was found that the steppe type of roof landscaping is the most promising for arid Ukrainian regions, in particular, the city of Odessa. It is proposed to place benches made of natural eco-material - wood on the exploited roof; small architectural forms (lamps, urns - also made of eco-wood). Bushes with a stone fence are planted around the perimeter of the roof. Stone paving with a fountain, green spaces and a small children's playground is designed on the territory of the house. The use of ecological finishing materials provides visual comfort and brings people closer to the natural environment. The use of green spaces on the roof ensures not only an increase in the standard of living of citizens, but also improves human health, makes the surrounding urban environment comfortable and close to natural conditions. Energy saving is achieved due to the increased thermal insulation properties of the green roof. Exploited roofs can be additional public spaces, sports areas and meeting places. The main advantages of this solution, structural features, calculated loads on the roof, as well as types of landscaping are analyzed. It has been proven that the principles and methods of "green roof" must be implemented in modern construction to improve the emotional state of residents, urban ecology, and tourism development.
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5

Zhou, Sai Jun, Bo Zhi Ren, and Chang Su. "Studies on the Heat-Resistance and Energy-Saving of the Eco-Roof in Southern Urban Districts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1862.

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Roof is one of the main structures of a building, and it plays an important role in improving the degree of indoor thermal conformability so as to reduce the using of air-conditioner. Through a contrastive study on eco-roof and the common roof in a certain living district in Xiangtan City, the article comes to the conclusion: the water-storing green roof can enhance the urban eco-environment, modulate the indoor thermal property and decrease the using of air-conditioner.
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6

Wang, Yang, and Yan Chen. "Research on Urban Green Roof Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.853.

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For the deteriorating urban ecological environment, the green roofs, as an important component of the urban landscape, play a positive and important role on constructing harmonious and natural urban environment. This article is focused on the analyses of the technical characteristics of green roof system and its structure, and also on the demonstration of the important effects of green roofs in areas such as energy-saving, emission reduction and eco-environment.
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7

Thokchom, Supriya, Chitra Shijagurumayum, and Thokchom Suresh. "Green Roofs- A Review." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, no. 01 SPL (June 30, 2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v14spli01.6.

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As the green area continues to get replaced because of the increase in population and urbanization, the requirement to recover this area has become crucial for improving environmental quality. Installation of green roofs is one way that can curb the negative affect of growth and establishment while providing various environmental and economical benefits. Various names are given to green roofs such as “eco-roofs”, “roof-gardens”, etc. And these are roofs with vegetation at the top surface. The most specific reason for installing green roofs in the building is because of its energy efficiency. Along with this, other benefits do exist like their vegetation aids photosynthesis and their soil layer absorbs rainfall, typically leading to development in water runoff quality. This review paper focuses on green roofs along with research efforts created by researchers. The discussion concentrates on each part of the green roof elements, i.e., vegetation, growth substrate, filter layer, drainage layer, waterproofing layer, and root barrier. This paper also includes experimental studies on the assortment of efficient green roof elements to satisfy public expectations. Moreover, the advantages provided by green roofs are highlighted.
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8

Lee, Su Ryun, Yun Ji Hwang Bo, and Yong Hyun Chung. "Evaluation of Eco-efficiency according to Green Roof in connection with urban regeneration." Korean Ecological Engineering Society 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33214/kees.2021.8.1.7.

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This study focused on the energy consumption by buildings that are the main source caused of GreenHouse Gas(GHG) which makes climate change and choosed green roof as a method to reduce energy use. Because green roof is classified as an eco-friendly construction method due to the effects of air purification, mental stability of plants and removal of fine dust. However, it requires the injection of many materials, which make problem about potential environmental pollution. Besides, it has disadvantage that cannot be revitalized well despite high investment costs. Cool roof which is low material and relatively inexpensive can be effective, but that is also made of artificial materials and need to be repainted with a short life cycle, which is a potential environmental concern too. This study research to find out what more sustainable construction methods through environmental, economic and eco-efficiency assessments of green roof and cool roof are, and what pros and cons are. This research period was set 40 years, while extensive cool roof and water-based cool roof were adopted and conducted.
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9

Murakami, Katsusuke, Tsuyoshi Okayama, Hisao Kashihara, Hitoshi Lnoue, and Haruhiko Murase. "Technology for Roof Greening Using the “Eco-Sedum Unit”." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 34, no. 11 (August 2001): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)34113-7.

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10

Park, Jaehong, and Sugie Lee. "Effects of a Cool Roof System on the Mitigation of Building Temperature: Empirical Evidence from a Field Experiment." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 18, 2022): 4843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084843.

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This study aimed to examine the effects of a cool roof system on the building temperature mitigation using a field experiment under current climate conditions in Seoul, Korea. Particularly, this study analyzed which meteorological factors affect the performance of the cool roof system based on the results of a field experiment during four seasons at the study site with real-time changes in various urban meteorological variables. This study also examined the extent to which each meteorological variable affects a cool roof system. Automatic temperature data loggers were installed on the roof of a Dobong eco-class building with reduced experimental models that included both conventional and cool roofs. A multiple regression analysis showed that when applying the cool roof system with other explanatory variables being controlled, the surface temperature of the building roof decreased by approximately 5.6 °C, and the indoor air temperature of the experimental model decreased by approximately 0.56 °C. These temperature reduction effects are meaningful, as the annual average reduction effects include nighttime and daytime. In addition, the most influential weather condition variable for roof surface or indoor temperature is external temperature, followed by insolation and humidity. Finally, the surface temperature reduction values in the actual roof of the study site and those of the roof surface of the experimental model were different. This suggests that the effect of temperature change on cool roofs is related to environmental factors as well as roofing materials. Therefore, the study suggests that cool roof policies should consider not only solar reflectivity but also other building environmental conditions and roofing materials.
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11

Mukherjee, M. "Eco-Environmental Factors in Green Roof Application in Indian Cities." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A 95, no. 3 (September 2014): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40030-014-0080-0.

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12

Wang, Xiaohang, Wentong Chong, Kokhoe Wong, Liphuat Saw, Sinchew Poh, Saihin Lai, and Chin-Tsan Wang. "Preliminary Performance Tests and Simulation of a V-Shape Roof Guide Vane Mounted on an Eco-Roof System." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 21, 2018): 2846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102846.

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The technical and economic features of a patented V-shape roof guide vane (VRGV) with a solar and wind power generation system mounted on an eco-roof system are presented in this paper. Moreover, this innovative VRGV was investigated on for the purpose of improving the performance of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT), which was installed on an eco-roof system to solve the low-efficiency power generation problem of the wind turbines under the condition of a low wind speed. This paper proposes a preliminary study for the performance of the VAWT with the VRGV on a building. This research used a mock-up building with a double slope roof, where a five straight-bladed VAWT was mounted and tested under two conditions, with and without the VRGV. From the comparative experiments, the self-starting performance and rotational speed of the VAWT mounted above a double slope roof with the VRGV have been significantly improved compared to the VAWT without the VRGV. Further, the power coefficient (Cp) of the VAWT can be augmented to about 71.2% increment due to the VRGV design. In addition, numerical simulations by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were proposed to verify the augmented effect of the Cp of the VAWT under the influence of the VRGV in the experiment. Besides, economic estimation of the VRGV was conducted.
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13

Hsieh, Jing Chzi, Ke Shin Chang, and Jia Horng Lin. "Assessing the Waste Fiber Improved Soilless Culture Medium on Green Roofs." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1878.

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The formation of culture medium plays a crucial role in whether roofs greening could be succeeded or otherwise, particularly for completed buildings. In this study, waste fiber Tencel ®, low-melting point fiber (PET) and waste fiber (PET) are chosen to be laminated into a medium with 15 cm in its thickness due to reducing the load on the roof and culture soil; meanwhile, two kinds of herbaceous plants, Ruellia brittoniana Leonard and Alternanthera versicolor, are planted in order to regulate the improved adequacy of culture medium. The result of this empirical experiment indicates the life of herbaceous plants can be maintained in the improved culture medium, and the selective materials, manufacturing parameter along with layers of culture soil that undergo a series of tests, such as water permeability, moisture content and water retention. The evidence spontaneously bears out the fact that the waste fabric improved culture medium shares the identical eco-greening functionality as the traditional cultivated soil does; by doing so, not only the eco-appeal for utilization of waste and lightening the culture medium on the roof can be achieved, a benefic contribution could consequently be made to the improvement of urban greening.
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14

Hu, Yinchao, Huapeng Qin, Yiming Ouyang, and Shaw-Lei Yu. "Seasonal Variation in Recovery Process of Rainwater Retention Capacity for Green Roofs." Water 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2022): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14182799.

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Green roofs need to quickly recover their water retention capacity between rainfall events to maintain their rainwater retention performance. In this study, the authors observed the rainwater retention, recovery process, and plant eco-physiological performance of green roofs with four local vegetation species under a typical subtropical monsoon climate for two years. The half-life of the water content after each rainfall (T50) was used to describe the recovery rate. The results indicate that (1) the decline in the water content after rainfall can be well described by an exponential decline curve (R2 > 0.7), and the average T50 of green roofs with Plectranthus prostratus Gürke was the shortest among the four plants; (2) the T50 in the wet season was significantly shorter than that in the dry season (p < 0.01) because of the seasonal variations in the weather conditions and eco-physiological activity, such as vegetation coverage and transpiration; (3) the rainwater retention of green roofs for rainfall events in the wet season was significantly lower than that in the dry season due to a relatively short antecedent dry period; (4) plants with a high maximum photosynthetic capacity, a strong root system, drought resistance, and large vegetation coverage were recommended as green roof plants. Above all, P. prostrates was found to be the best choice in the study.
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Hang, Wang Xiao, Chong Wen Tong, Wong Kok Hoe, Wang Chin-Tsan, Saw Lip Huat, Poh Sin Chew, and Lai Sai Hin. "Preliminary Assessment of Optimized Accessorial Roof Shape for Performance of Wind Turbine Mounted on Eco-Roof System." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology 5, no. 3 (July 2018): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40684-018-0040-7.

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16

Wang, Xiao Hang, Wen Tong Chong, Kok Hoe Wong, Lip Huat Saw, Sai Hin Lai, Chin-Tsan Wang, and Sin Chew Poh. "The Design, Simulation and Testing of V-shape Roof Guide Vane Integrated with an Eco-roof System." Energy Procedia 105 (May 2017): 750–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.386.

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17

Kaneko, Hisashi. "Solar Panels Generating Eco-power on the Roof of my House." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 10, no. 3 (2005): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.10.3_79.

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18

Prabaswara, B. C., L. Hariyanto, and L. S. Arifin. "Reinterpreting local wisdom of Rumah Kaki Seribu as sustainable architecture." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 907, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/907/1/012018.

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Abstract Awareness of the increasing global issues regarding global warming and climate change has encouraged building designers to look back on knowledge of traditional architecture as energy-efficient and sustainable solutions. This study focuses on the traditional architecture of Rumah Kaki Seribu as sustainable architecture. Rumah Kaki Seribu is a traditional architecture located in the Arfak Mountains, West Papua, inhabited by the Arfak Tribe. Each architectural element of Rumah Kaki Seribu has a different sustainability value. The sustainability value of Rumah Kaki Seribu discussed is the concentration on the fireplace element and the roof element. The fireplace and roof elements were analyzed using the eco-cultural concept of the six competing logics of sustainable architecture by Simon Guy and Graham Farmer. Eco-cultural logic is a logic that is closely related to traditional architecture. The characteristics of sustainable buildings that use eco-cultural logic can be determined by looking at several parameters, namely the image of space, the source of environmental knowledge, the building image, technologies, and the idealized concept of place. The study aims to learn traditional architecture as a design approach to understand and respect the environmental context for solutions to global issues that occur.
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19

Mintorogo, Danny Santoso, Wanda Widigdo, and Anik Juniwati. "PUMICE LAYER: A SOLUTION TO DIMINISH THERMAL ON HORIZONTAL LEFTOVER PLACE IN ROOFTOP." DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment) 46, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/dimensi.46.2.155-160.

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There are many ways to solve thermal on buildings, such as the installation of horizontal and vertical sun-shading devices on four-direction facades. However, rooftops are often ignored. In low-rise to high-rise buildings’ rooftop, there are leftover places exposed to solar heat radiation all day. Some rooftop places are equipped with polymer thermal roof insulation, and some are even without outer thermal insulation. The research aims to find a solution to diminish the horizontal thermal radiation by using eco-friendly material, pumice, as an outer thermal insulation. Exploiting method was used on one roof model as a conventional rooftop (without outer insulation), and another as a modified rooftop model covered with pumice. Couple HOBO data logger U12-012 temperature sensors were used to measure rooftop surface temperatures and room model temperatures. Results show that the thermal radiation were blocked efficiently: 26oC on pumice covered rooftop. It saved 8.4oC room temperature.
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Nurdini, Allis, Endra Susila, Taufik Taufikurahman, Nur Fitra Hadianto, Maryam Al Lubbu, and Asih Suryati. "Building a Prototype of an Eco-friendly House in the Peri-Urban Area." Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE) 1, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51662/jiae.v1i1.9.

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The concept of sustainable housing has considered the urgency to support the sustainable environment in an integrative way. This concept is related to several main principles include environmental, social, and economic sustainability. In practice, these principles translated into the fundamental of housing choice, both process and product choices. In many peri-urban areas, current house construction tends to imitate city houses with massive concrete structures equipped with air conditioning that caused high energy consumption. The Center for Rural Empowerment team of ITB built a prototype of an eco-friendly house in Haurgombong village, Sumedang, West Java. The house has two floors building on a 7x5 m2 land site. The first floor was renovated from the existing toilet rooms and develop into a two-floor house. The second floor was built using the local wood material. The wood material has been obtaining from the trees of seven years old beechwood (Gmelina Arborea) planted in the garden. The envelope material for this house was constructed from local and common material in rural or peri-urban context, the lightweight fiberglass for the roof of common room, and the transparent fiber materials for the roof of second-floor terrace to make the plantation at this area can easily receive the sunlight. This house is also can be regarded as a prototype of an earthquake-resistant house. The lighting factor, temperature, and airflow settings are made naturally. Besides, this house has also equipped with a rainwater storage system and greywater treatment using a small, constructed wetland that allows the treated water used for watering gardens and fishponds. The budget spent to build this house was as low as possible so that the surrounding community can imitate the building for their house and disseminate eco-friendly housing.
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21

Zhao, Yu Kuang, Lei Wei, Chi Chau Lien, and Wen Pei Sung. "Analyses of the Insulating Capacity of Green Roofs Made of Phenolic Resin Board with Vegetation Coverage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4491.

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The global warming effect causes climate change. Especially, it directly affects the weather pattern of Taiwan. The temperature continually rising leads to higher energy consumption for building air-conditioning. The phenolic resin board is a very good heat insulation and eco-friendly construction material. Otherwise, a green roof covered with living plants for the purpose to reduce heat effect in building are widely used in the world. Therefore, in this research, the phenolic resin board is used as an experimental roof insulation material in a green roof that is covered with living plants for the objective of reducing summer building air conditioning energy consumption and cost. During summer, the difference between inside and outside temperatures across the phenolic resin board exposed to direct sun shine is as high as 8°C±2°C. The combined insulation technology using phenolic resin board and planted green vegetation coverage on the roof will also contribute to a green and aesthetic environment.
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22

Kim, Jun Yon and Youngho Han. "Current Status and Issues of Green Roof System for the Eco-Polis Development." Journal of Korea Intitute of Spatial Design 3, no. 1 (April 2008): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35216/kisd.2008.3.1.77.

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23

MAEDA, Mizuki, Norihiko ITAGAKI, and Ayano FUKUJU. "Operation incorporating citizen science in the roof garden eco-museum at Futakotamagawa Rise." Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology 47, no. 4 (May 31, 2022): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7211/jjsrt.47.453.

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Chong, Wen Tong, Xiao Hang Wang, Kok Hoe Wong, Juwel Chandra Mojumder, Sin Chew Poh, Lip Huat Saw, and Sai Hin Lai. "Performance assessment of a hybrid solar-wind-rain eco-roof system for buildings." Energy and Buildings 127 (September 2016): 1028–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.065.

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25

Ali, Mohd Hafiz Mohd, Hamimah Abdul Rahman, Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin, and Najeed Ahmed Khan. "Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Additives for Polyurethane Foams: A Short Review." Key Engineering Materials 791 (November 2018): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.791.19.

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Polyurethane (PU) materials are extensively used in the construction industry as core material insulation for sandwich panel application, such as wall cladding, structure insulation and roof panel. Demands on PU application have escalated given its significant advantages to reduce energy consumption. Meanwhile, rigid PU (RPU) foams are combustible materials characterized by rapid flame spread, high heat-release rates, and ability to produce large quantities of toxic gases in original form. Thus, flame-retardant (FR) additives are used to improve the thermal properties of PU. However, some commercial additives used today have are hazardous to humans and the environment, and their extensive application is limited by their negative effects on polymer mechanical properties. Accordingly, identifying materials that are environmentally friendly and harmless to humans has become urgent. Some alternative additives that are gaining research interest are clay and fly ash, which are natural and recyclable resources that can enhance the FR properties of other polymers. However, room for improvement is always present as the related technology is continually being developed. This review focuses on studies aiming to enhance the flame retardancy of RPU foam using fly ash and local clay as additives.
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26

Umnova, Olga, Dmitry Tuev, and Timur Giyasov. "Design of low-rise buildings from thin-walled steel frame structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819303037.

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Addressing sustainable development challenges, Russia is seeking new opportunities for the use of thin-walled cold-cast structures to meet the requirements of cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and rapid construction. The study aims to explore the possibilities of design and calculation of low-rise buildings erected from lightweight thin-walled steel structures using frame construction technology. The design solutions for the roof, walls, floors, and foundation are exemplified using concrete examples. The load capacity off framing studs, roof beams, and floor slabs was calculated. Three methods were used for calculation - Eurocode 3, direct strength test, and ultimate load test in compliance with AISI standards.
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Hsueh, Sung-Lin, Yue Sun, Yihang Zhang, Nan Xiao, and Teen-Hang Meen. "Decision-Making Model Based on Discriminant Analysis Fuzzy Method for Low-Carbon and Eco-Friendly Residence Design: Case Study of Conghua District, Guangzhou, China." Buildings 12, no. 6 (June 13, 2022): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060815.

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Many countries aim to promote low-carbon and eco-friendly development and find a route to sustainable development. For such development, a model that helps design and build appropriate constructions is necessary. Thus, this study is carried out to establish such a model by combining the Delphi method, analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy logic theory (FLT) (DAFuzzy model). In the Delphi method, the expert’s opinions are reflected in three dimensions (green facilities, ecological facilities, and community participation) and nine factors (green building materials, photovoltaic power generation, energy-saving equipment (green facilities), green roof, planting/vegetation, rainwater collection/water recycling (ecological facilities), subsidies, resident participation, appropriate norms (community participation)). Then, AHP is used to calculate the relative weight of each factor. Finally, by using FLT, the output value of each factor is calculated to find out the best scenarios and influencing factors for the scenario. The result shows that green facilities are the most important dimension, followed by community participation and ecological facilities. Among 45 different scenarios for the model, the best is to consider green facilities and ecological facilities with community participation. The important factors in the best scenario include photovoltaic power generation, planting/vegetation, energy-saving equipment, green building materials, appropriate norms, rainwater collection/water recycling, subsidies, and green roof. The proposed model is validated with residential houses in Conghua District, Guangzhou city, China. Considering the dimensions and factors of the best scenario, the proposed DAFuzzy model proves that a low-carbon and eco-friendly development requires support with appropriate policies and a large investment. The research result suggests that building a low-carbon and eco-friendly house needs the support of the government and people’s understanding and participation in eco-friendly development.
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Soares Filho, J. E., J. C. Aurich, F. J. P. Sousa, R. M. Nascimento, C. A. Paskocimas, and A. H. A. Silva. "Polishing performance of eco-friendly porcelain stoneware tiles reusing bricks and roof tiles wastes." Journal of Cleaner Production 256 (May 2020): 120362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120362.

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Zhang, Xu, Feng Lu, and Yin Fei Yan. "Energy-Saving Reconstruction Research of Old Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Regions." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.30.

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By investigating and analyzing the building envelope and energy consumption of old buildings in hot summer and cold winter regions in China, and with applying integrated passive energy-saving methods, the article puts forward several reasonable and practical energy saving strategies for old teaching buildings. Three aspects are examined, namely the transformation of solar window, the transformation of external wall insulation and the transformation of eco-roof, following the renovation of No.7 Teaching Building in Chongqing University.
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Galassi, Stefano, Nicola Ruggieri, Letizia Dipasquale, and Giacomo Tempesta. "Assessment of the Moroccan vernacular timber roof: a proposal for an eco-friendly strengthening system." Journal of Architectural Conservation 24, no. 3 (September 2, 2018): 224–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2018.1545105.

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Song, Heon. "Analysis of the Thermal Environment Characteristics of Thatched Roof for Eco-friendly Rural Housing Development -Focused on the Neolithic Thatched Roof Dugout Hut-." Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture 16, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14577/kirua.2014.16.1.35.

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Firdausa, R. R., and Y. M. Ardiani. "Water Conservation Calculations in Eco-Friendly Office in South Jakarta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 998, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/998/1/012031.

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Abstract The clean water crisis and environmental issues require us to make wise efforts in using clean water. Significant savings in the use of clean water can be achieved by conserving air. In this project, a rental office building was designed in the Setiabudi area, South Jakarta that can make the most of the rainfall possible to locate and use it. In addition, the type of waste is managed so that the recycling process can be selected. Besides that, clean water management is also carried out according to the level of quality and use. In this project, clean water is divided into two, namely primary water and secondary water. Primary water is used for human needs and secondary water for human and machine needs. Liquid waste from human activities is divided into gray water which will be recycled and black water which is not recycled. From the results of this recycling and harvesting rainwater with a temporary catchment area only from the roof, the conservation conservation is 52.8%.
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Ruschi Mendes Saade, Marcella, Maristela G. da Silva, Vanessa Gomes, Hawllynsgton Gumez Franco, Dimaghi Schwamback, and Blandina Lavor. "Material eco-efficiency indicators for Brazilian buildings." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 3, no. 1 (May 13, 2014): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-04-2013-0024.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a set of lifecycle-based indicators to describe material eco-efficiency of buildings normalized per unit of gross floor area (GFA), and at verifying feasibility of their calculation for building materials and components, based upon four case studies. The paper also examines the effects that discrepancies between two carbon footprint accounting methods (embodied CO2 (ECO2) vs embodied CO2e) have on communication of environmental performance of selected materials. Design/methodology/approach – The lifecycle assessments (LCAs) were performed through LCA support platform SimaPro 7.3. Data for materials/components production cycle modeling were collected from primary and secondary data from national literature or adapted from Ecoinvent database. Embodied energy, ECO2, blue water footprint (bWF), non-renewable content and volatile organic compound emissions (VOCe) indicators were calculated from lifecycle inventory (LCI) outputs, while embodied CO2e was calculated using CML 2001 v.2.01 impact assessment method. Findings – Obtained results suggest that a core database comprised of 12 materials and components – cement, ceramic blocks, steel rebar, sawn timber planks, PVC tubes, plywood, PVC conduits, roof steel structure, roundwood, ceramic tiles, hydrated lime and adhesive mortar – provides a very reasonable description of a building's embodied energy (99.63 percent), embodied CO2e (97.50 percent), bWF (96.26 percent), non-renewable content (97.53 percent) and VOCe (95.38 percent) profiles. Except for bWF of cement and concrete, substantial reductions in the metrics’ values captured environmental advantages of partially substituting ground granulated blast furnace slag (ggbs) for clinker Portland. Originality/value – The disclosure of embodied energy and carbon, as well as of other environmental performance data at whole-building level (per unit of GFA) pointed out in this paper, allows comparability and helps to establish performance goals and benchmarks and to guide policy decisions. Following a coordinated methodological outline, future works are expected to evolve to gradually constitute a LCI database that enables the use of the proposed metrics and of LCA as decision-making tools in the building sector.
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Leonard, Natalia Lie, and Samsu Hendra Siwi. "PUSAT INFORMASI TURIS DI KAMPUNG BATIK BABAGAN LASEM BERBASIS ECO-BATIK." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): 2793. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12468.

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This article examines the provision of tourism development facilities in Babagan Batik Village as a tourist information center. Ecological issues are the focus of this research. Kampung Batik Babagan is a home-based batik industry center with scattered batik production houses. This area does not yet have an information center as a forum for tourists to get complete information about the Babagan area. The Babagan Lasem Batik Village Tourist Information Center is designed as an ecological architectural solution in creating an eco-batik ecosystem and as a forum to accommodate and educate tourists and the public regarding information on the historical and cultural values of the Babagan area that are in accordance with the local environmental context. It is hoped that this project can improve the economy of local communities whose main livelihood is from batik by taking into account the impact on the environment. The literature studies used include ecological architecture, eco-batik, textile dyes, and the batik process in Lasem. The research method used is exploratory descriptive method, location and site analysis. From the results of the analysis, the building in the site is divided into two masses according to the function of the activities in it. The roof of the building uses a jurai roof as an adjustment to the tropical climate. The interior of the building is designed to allow interaction between visitors and the exterior is decorated with ornaments that characterize Babagan Batik Village. Keywords: batik; ecolgy; education; information.AbstrakArtikel ini meneliti tentang penyediaan fasilitas pengembangan pariwisata di Kampung Batik Babagan sebagai pusat informasi turis. Isu ekologis menjadi konsentrasi dalam penelitian ini. Kampung Batik Babagan merupakan sebuah pusat industri batik rumahan dengan letak rumah produksi batik yang tersebar. Di kawasan ini belum memiliki pusat informasi sebagai wadah bagi turis untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lengkap tentang kawasan Babagan. Pusat Informasi Turis Kampung Batik Babagan Lasem dirancang sebagai solusi arsitektur ekologis dalam menciptakan ekosistem eco-batik dan menjadi wadah untuk mengakomodasi serta mengedukasi turis dan masyarakat mengenai informasi nilai sejarah dan budaya dari kawasan Babagan yang sesuai dengan konteks lingkungan setempat. Diharapkan proyek ini dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Kajian literatur yang digunakan meliputi, arsitektur ekologis, eco-batik, zat pewarna tekstil, dan proses pembatikan di Lasem. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu metode deskriptif eksploratif, analisis lokasi dan tapak. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, bangunan dalam tapak dibagi menjadi dua massa sesuai dengan fungsi kegiatan di dalamnya. Atap bangunan menggunakan atap jurai sebagai penyesuaian dengan iklim tropis. Bagian interior bangunan didesain agar terjadi interaksi antar pengunjung dan pada eksterior diberi ornamen yang mencirikan Kampung Batik Babagan.
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Liu, Hengfeng, Qiang Sun, Nan Zhou, and Zhongya Wu. "Risk Assessment and Control Strategy of Residual Coal Pillar in Room Mining: Case Study in Ecologically Fragile Mining Areas, China." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052712.

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Gradual instability of coal pillars left behind underground with room mining is one of the main reasons for sudden roof caving in the gob, surface subsidence, and other significant hazards. Moreover, room mining implies great losses of coal resources. In this paper, the main failure mode and room mining coal pillar process were analyzed according to the coalfield regional engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions. A numerical model was adopted to study the effect of different sizes of coal mining pillars and progressive instability failure of coal pillar on the plastic zone’s evolution characteristics and stress field of coal pillars in the stope. The proposed technologies of cemented paste backfilling and reinforcement of residual coal pillars are applied, and a numerical simulation model is established to study the strata movement characteristics and analyze the stability degree of residual coal pillar and key aquiclude strata in the Pliocene series of Neogene. Consequently, the performance and application prospect were evaluated. The results obtained substantiate a new method for the long-term stability control of coal pillars in room mining and protecting the ecological environment in China’s western eco-environmental frangible area.
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Porcaro, M., F. Comino, T. Vanwalleghem, and M. Ruiz de Adana. "Exploring the reduction of energy demand of a building with an eco-roof under different irrigation strategies." Sustainable Cities and Society 74 (November 2021): 103229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103229.

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William, Youhanna E., Hui An, Szu-Cheng Chien, Chew Beng Soh, Barbara Ting Wei Ang, Toshikazu Ishida, Hikaru Kobayashi, David Tan, and Ryan Hong Soon Tay. "Urban-Metabolic Farming Modules on Rooftops for Eco-Resilient Farmscape." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 16885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416885.

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The scarcity of land resources and food security challenges have prompted more effective uses of the rooftop as well as façade spaces in the urban city of Singapore. Urban rooftop spaces are used for mechanical and electrical (M&E) amenities such as air-conditioning cooling units and water tanks, so the spacious span of the roof area on HDB flats in Singapore is not available. Urban-metabolic farming modules (UmFm) built on 1.5 to 2 m terrace-step terrains have been modelled using BIM Revit to mimic such constraints in rooftop spaces. CFD simulation was conducted for the structure with consideration of the prevailing wind directions at different months of the year. The airflow with the inclusion of mesh netting and varying tiltings of the polycarbonate side façade was simulated to understand their impact on airflow in the growth envelope of the UmFm units under different prevailing wind directions. The amount of solar irradiance received by the crops at different heights in the UmFm due to the sun’s path, and shading of crops grown on the A-frame, was studied using Climate Studio. A comparative verification was done with a scaffold modular unit mounted with temperature, humidity, airflow, and Photosynthesis Photon Flux Density (PPFD) sensors. The digital model of the UmFm unit enables a prior assessment of site feasibility before actual physical implementation on an existing rooftop. It also facilitates plug and play for the UmFm unit to generate an eco-resilient farmscape for an urban city.
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Krawczyk, Anna, Iwona Domagała-Świątkiewicz, and Agnieszka Lis-Krzyścin. "Time-Dependent Changes in the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Growth Responses of Sedum acre (L.) to Waste-Based Growing Substrates in Simulation Extensive Green Roof Experiment." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (February 7, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020298.

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Over the last decade, an increase in the use of locally available, recycled, and waste materials as growing media components have occurred in various regions of the world in extensive green roof technology. For eco-concept reasons, such a strategy appears to be appropriate, but can be problematic due to difficulties in obtaining proper parameters of growing substrate. The growing media should be properly engineered in order to enable the proper functioning of green roofs and provide suitable environment for ideal root growth. The aim of the study was to assess the utility of locally occurring waste materials for growing media composition and estimate plant- and time-dependent changes in the physico-chemical parameters of waste-based substrates in a simulated extensive green roof system during a two-year Sedum acre L. cultivation. Five different substrate compositions were prepared using silica waste, crushed brick, Ca- and Zn-aggregates, melaphyre, tuff, sand, muck soil, urban compost, spent mushroom, and coconut fibres. Optimal water capacity, particle-size distribution, pH and salts concentration were found in all substrates. A higher concentration of macronutrients (N, P, K, Mg) and trace elements (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Cr) was found in waste-based substrates than in the commercial medium. In comparison to the parameters determined before establish the experiment, bulk density of tested growing media decreased, except for the substrates where the source of organic matter was the rapidly mineralising spent mushroom. The organic matter content in substrates after the two-year vegetation increased in relation to the ready-made substrate, with the exception of the composition with spent mushroom. After two years of the experiment, all available macronutrients and trace elements (with the exception of mineral N, K, SO4-S, and B) concentration were higher than in 2014, while pH, salt concentration was lower. In general, plants grown in waste substrates had lower dry matter content and higher biomass. A significantly higher biomass of S. acre L. was found in the first year of the experiment. In the second year of the research, the plants grown in the commercial medium, the substrate with silica waste, and the substrate with spent mushroom produced higher biomass than in the first year. No symptoms of abnormal growth were observed, despite the higher trace element concentrations in plants collected from waste-based substrate. Waste-based growing media can be considered as a valuable root environment for S. acre L. in an extensive green roof system.
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AQUINO, JOÃO PEDRO ALVES DE, ANTÔNIO AÉCIO DE CARVALHO BEZERRA, FRANCISCO DE ALCÂNTARA NETO, CARLOS JOSÉ GONCALVES DE SOUZA LIMA, and RAYLSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA. "MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 4 (December 2017): 1001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n421rc.

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ABSTRACT Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.
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Khotbehsara, Elham Mehrinejad, Abdollah Baghaei Daemei, and Farzaneh Asadi Malekjahan. "Simulation study of the eco green roof in order to reduce heat transfer in four different climatic zones." Results in Engineering 2 (June 2019): 100010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2019.100010.

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Kapovits, Geza, and Gergely Dobszay. "Possibilities and Problems in Applying Decision Support Systems for Special Challenges in the Design of Building Constructions." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.583.

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The objective of this study is to examine the possibility of using DSS in the engineering design of a special group of building constructions: 'cladded roofs'. These are roofs whose cladding is the same as the façade’s, giving buildings a homogeneous appearance. For architectural impression the roof is made of unusual materials and complex structures thus cannot be designed with traditional guidelines. The goal of using DSS is to facilitate and simplify the range of possible materials and structures, to assist and expedite finding the optimal version and to reduce the likelihood of design flaws. In addition to eco-efficiency in production, transportation, and energy consumption of buildings, we hold it to be important to reduce the amount of materials used to a necessary minimum. [1] To achieve this all materials should be used at places where their specific characteristics prevail most effectively. The criteria for applying DSS for ‘cladded roofs’ is the successful structuring of the necessary constructional data and variations. We propose a method to generate numerous proposed solutions and rank them based on their technical performance and value. The result is a kind of 'guided decision-making' which may be an important aid in the design of nonstandard structures.
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Taiwo O, Omosebi, and Noor Faisal Abas. "Mechanical Properties and Durability of PET waste Aggregates in Roof Tiles Production." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 9, no. 5 (January 30, 2021): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e5303.019521.

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Managing plastic waste is a global challenge that challenges the protection of our ecosystem due to its high rate of generation and its non-biodegradability. PWs must, however, be carefully handled to mitigate the emissions involved with their incineration and dumping into landfills. Plastic waste can be recycled into new usable building materials. In this analysis, shredded PET waste aggregate from a recycling center was heated at 230 0C and used as a binding aggregate incomplete replacement of cement with river sand to produce floor tiles. The properties of the aggregate materials and roof tiles (including their distribution of particle size, silt, clay and dust content, relative density, water absorption, porosity, flexural and compressive strength) were tested on different PET waste: sand mixing ratio, 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30%. Results revealed that the tiles produced by 30% PET and 70% river sand (3:7) achieved higher density, flexural and compressive strength than the other percentages of the mixture. The compressive strength of the tiles produced with 30 percent PET waste composition was greater than that of cement concrete (at 28 days of curing) for residential buildings. As a result of this low water absorption and eco-friendliness, PET waste can be used for roof tiles at 30 percent PET substitution based on the test results.
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Kusumastuti, Cilcia, Herry Pintardi Chandra, Kristanto Wibisono, and Antonius Christoper Hartono. "Design of Eco-Drainage System for Real Estate in Indonesia." Journal of Sustainable Engineering: Proceedings Series 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35793/joseps.v1i1.4.

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Land use change occurs in many cities in Indonesia. Population growth causes the expansion of residential area. Without proper planning and design, the development of residential area can increase the runoff volume. The objective of this study is to provide an eco-drainage system design for real estate in Indonesia to minimize the possible increased runoff.The study area in this paper is a bare area of 14,602.26 m2 in Mojokerto Regency, East Java, Indonesia which is planned to be developed into real estate. The design of eco-drainage system consists of installation of 4400 litre of rainwater storage tank and a 1200 m3 of retention pond. The analysis includes the estimation of peak discharge of the selected area using the Rational formula and estimation of evapotranspiration in the retention pond using Thornthwaite method. The result of the analysis shows that 50.2 m2 of roof surface can capture rainwater varies from 0.04 – 18.4 m3/month. The water is used to fulfil the household water needs in the real estate such as for sanitation & waste disposal, gardening, personal washing, cleaning home, and washing clothes along the year except in August and September. While overflow of the tank occurs in January, February, and March. The excess rainfall, which is not captured, flows to the retention pond. It is used for watering public garden using a sprinkling water system. The combination of chosen dimension of storage tank and retention pond can reduce the runoff volume minimum by 48.19% in February in the study area.The proposed design still cannot accommodate all excess rainfall due to the transformation of a bare land into real estate. Therefore, it is recommended to consider another utilization of water in the retention pond.
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Bing-yuan, Hao, Huang Hui, Feng Zi-jun, and Wang Kai. "The Static Breaking Technique for Sustainable and Eco-Environmental Coal Mining." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248792.

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The initiating explosive devices are prohibited in rock breaking near the goaf of the highly gassy mine. It is effective and applicable to cracking the hard roof with static cracking agent. By testing the static cracking of cubic limestone (size:200×200×200 mm) with true triaxial rock mechanics testing machine under the effect of bidirectional stress and by monitoring the evolution process of the cracks generated during the acoustic emission experiment of static cracking, we conclude the following: the experiment results of the acoustic emission show that the cracks start from the lower part of the hole wall until they spread all over the sample. The crack growth rate follows a trend of “from rapidness to slowness.” The expansion time is different for the two bunches of cracks. The growth rates can be divided into the rapid increasing period and the rapid declining period, of which the growth rate in declining period is less than that in the increasing period. Also, the growth rate along the vertical direction is greater than that of the horizontal direction. Then the extended model for the static cracking is built according to the theories of elastic mechanics and fracture mechanics. Thus the relation formula between the applied forces of cracks and crack expansion radius is obtained. By comparison with the test results, the model proves to be applicable. In accordance with the actual geological situation of Yangquan No. 3 Mine, the basic parameters of manpower manipulated caving breaking with static crushing are settled, which reaps bumper industrial effects.
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Mortezazadeh, Mohammad, Jiwei Zou, Mirata Hosseini, Senwen Yang, and Liangzhu Wang. "Estimating Urban Wind Speeds and Wind Power Potentials Based on Machine Learning with City Fast Fluid Dynamics Training Data." Atmosphere 13, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020214.

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Wind power is known as a major renewable and eco-friendly power generation source. As a clean and cost-effective energy source, wind power utilization has grown rapidly worldwide. A roof-mounted wind turbine is a wind power system that lowers energy transmission costs and benefits from wind power potential in urban areas. However, predicting wind power potential is a complex problem because of unpredictable wind patterns, particularly in urban areas. In this study, by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the concept of nondimensionality, with the help of machine learning techniques, we demonstrate a new method for predicting the wind power potential of a cluster of roof-mounted wind turbines over an actual urban area in Montreal, Canada. CFD simulations are achieved using city fast fluid dynamics (CityFFD), developed for urban microclimate simulations. The random forest model trains data generated by CityFFD for wind prediction. The accuracy of CityFFD is investigated by modeling an actual urban area and comparing the numerical data with measured data from a local weather station. The proposed technique is demonstrated by estimating the wind power potential in the downtown area with more than 250 buildings for a long-term period (2020–2049).
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Dhivya Barathi, R., and R. Vidjeapriya. "Life Cycle Cost Analysis of rooftop gardens using openLCA." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1086, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1086/1/012006.

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Abstract Most innovative and eco-friendly project alternatives are rejected due to higher initial costs. This problem arises due to the general cost analysis that considers only the initial costs. It can be solved using Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) approach because LCCA helps the decision makers to select the project alternative with more economic benefits by considering the costs incurred in it throughout the life cycle. In this paper, the life cycle cost analysis of the rooftop garden was carried out and compared with the conventional roof using openLCA software. The rooftop garden includes many environmental benefits such as the reduction of the urban heat island effect, reduction of noise pollution, improvement in quality of air, management of surface runoff and conservation of biodiversity. Still, the use of rooftop gardens is not common in the projects due to their higher initial costs. Thus, LCCA was carried out to evaluate its economic feasibility. A model was developed using openLCA software to carry out the analysis. The costs considered in the analysis include the initial costs, maintenance costs, renovation costs and energy costs. The cost data were collected for extensive rooftop gardens laid in commercial buildings in and around Chennai city. The results indicate that the initial cost of the rooftop garden was 5.2 times higher than that of the conventional roof but due to the prolonged life period and the energy savings of the rooftop garden, the life cycle cost was 5.25% lower than that of the conventional roof.
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Sá Ribeiro, Marilene Gomes, and Ruy Alexandre Sá Ribeiro. "Sustainable School-Village." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.768.

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To inhibit the degradation of the forest reserves it is necessary to stimulate the consciousness and involvement of the surrounding communities. This work would be more effective with a program of ecological consciousness applied within an environment where people can learn by practicing. For this purpose, we envisage the creation of a Sustainable Building Program (SBP) to build ecological school-villages surrounding the forest reserves subjected to constant aggressions. This is the case of the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve whose vulnerability has increased due to Manaus urban expansion. As the worlds largest urban forest fragment, it demands protection of its borders. It is suggested to implement the SBP to build ecological school-villages as a protection belt to preserve the forest integrity and its natural water fountains. It may also attract eco tourism and serve as a prototype sustainable eco barrier. The school-villages shall shelter people enrolled in social residential programs who will learn by practicing environment education and green building techniques. Storage and selective collection of recyclables shall be emphasized. The organic residues generated by the village shall be used to feed biogas tanks to support the kitchen of the Community Center (CC). The CC shall host the theoretical classes. This program shall also shelter victims from natural disasters, families relocated from risky areas, and low-income families from the rural areas coming to the capital for health treatment by the state. The SBP envisage two-pavement villages comprised of green roof, and green materials such as bamboo, clay from site excavations, wood and bamboo residues, and hydrated lime of carburet. The villages shall comprise rain water catchment and utilization, ecological sewage treatment, and green roof supported by a structural bamboo ceiling. The structural bamboo shall be of the species Guadua angustifolia. The apartments shall comprise bamboo based modular wall panels. Wall panel structures, columns, and beams are prefabricated with bamboo-based structures and cemented with micro concrete. This way, the bamboo used as a non-conventional construction material shall substitute the wood partially, or totally, reducing the pressure on logging.
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Junaidi, Muhammad, Kusriantoko Parindra, Hosta Ardhyananta, Ary Bachtiar, and Anton A. Dimas. "Redesign ITS Central Library through Smart Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 493 (January 2014): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.117.

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Energy conservation is one of many technique applied to reduce the global warming effect. Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS) contributes to encourage energy conservation by ITS Eco Campus programs. It has so many activities, one of them is audit energy as one way to get energy efficiency in educational area. ITS central library is most accessable building both student and other academics community with total area more than 400 square matres and high occupation rate approximately 90% everyday. Energy audit techniques were carried out by an energy audit team to identify any energy conservation opportunities (ECOs). walk-through assessment and data analysis were conducted over all building zones. These levels of assessments proved that the building and its mechanical and electrical systems were improperly maintained and inefficiently operated. So that, ITS Central Library will be redesigned to be smart building by improving light intentensity level, humidity, and room temperature appropriate with ASHRAE90.1-2005. Thus exterior building like wall, glass, roof and floor will be redesigned to emphasize minimum total load. Replacement single glass to double glass reduce the load conduction and radiation through glass, approximately 2,7%.
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Rafikullah Deraman, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, Md Azree Othuman Mydin, Mohd Hanif Ismail, Nur Diyana Mohd Nordin, Marti Widya Sari, and Mohd Suhaimi Mohd-Danuri. "Production of Roof Board Insulation Using Agricultural Wastes Towards Sustainable Building Material." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 99, no. 1 (October 17, 2022): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.99.1.6689.

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Malaysia, like most other developing countries, is facing an increase in the generation of waste and accompanying problems with the disposal of this waste. A large number of biomass wastes were generated due to increased activity in the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors, which led to producing environmental hazards and waste management issues. On the other situation, the energy consumption to cool the indoor building environment is high due to the building being exposed directly to solar radiation throughout the daytime, which increases the temperature outside and inside the building. Most of the low-medium cost housing schemes were constructed using metal roof covering without providing a roof insulation layer which causes a rising in indoor temperature and creates uncomfortable surroundings. Moreover, existing materials for roof insulation in the market use inorganic synthetic materials that could harm human health. The study aims to investigate the potential use of agricultural wastes for the production of roof board insulation material that can provide economic value added to agricultural waste, reduce the environmental issue and provide eco-friendly, sustainable building material. In this study, these agricultural wastes are combined in different proportions of 50% individual fibres, such as sugarcane bagasse with coconut husk, empty fruit bunch with mesocarp fibre, coconut husk with empty fruit bunch, and sugarcane bagasse with mesocarp fibre. The sample was fabricated using the hot-press machine and went through various physical and mechanical testing, which involved thickness of swelling, modulus of rupture, and thermal conductivity. The finding showed that the mixed fibre of empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre achieved all the criteria such as density (427 <500kg/m3); thickness of swelling (19< 20%); modulus of rupture (514<800psi), thermal conductivity (0.0856<0.25 W/m.K) met with the standard requirement in every laboratory test conducted. The outcome of this study suggests that empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre are the potential materials for the production of roof board thermal insulation. However, modification of physical and mechanical properties of waste fibre is required to achieve superior performance and is ready to be provided in the market. This study is aligned with the government initiative for the growth of green building materials for sustainable development in the construction industry.
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SEMBIN, Mukhtar S., Sh Zh SURANKULOV, and Elena A. AKHMEDOVA. "THE EXPIRIENCE OF RESEACH OF URBAN RESERVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN MODERN MEGASITIES." Urban construction and architecture 9, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2019.03.19.

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The article is devoted to solving problems associated with the use of town-planning reserves in the largest cities for urban food production technologies. One of the forms of urban reserves is the use of roofi ng resources. In roof construction, modular, quickly erected structures can be used. Such greenhouse energy-effi cient construction projects can be located on the roofs of buildings of various functional purposes - shopping centers, shops, garages and other public and communal facilities. In the structure of the largest city, such greenhouse complexes can be located both in peripheral areas and in the middle zone. In some cases, greenhouse complexes on hydroponics can be elements of more complex cluster formations such as research bio-eco-agro centers, agricultural parks, and other innovative urban complexes. Such objects function not only as agricultural production, but also as integrated scientifi c and experimental, educational, leisure and educational complexes. The article describes in more detail the experience of placing urban farms and greenhouses in the USA, using the examples of the largest megacities. At the same time, such city farms are becoming places of labor for some sections of the townspeople, solving an important social problem. The article raises the problems of the formation of modern innovative agriculture in cities, thanks to which residents of megacities can be employed and constantly provided with fresh food. In the conditions of the modern world, this is becoming more and more relevant, since a healthy lifestyle and nutrition is gaining popularity, including in the southern regions of Northern Kazakhstan, Russia
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