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Academic literature on the topic 'Eco-extremism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Eco-extremism"
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Orofino, Elisa. "Extremism(s) and Their Fight against Modernity: The Case of Islamists and Eco-Radicals." Religions 13, no. 8 (July 26, 2022): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13080683.
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Extremism in both its vocal and violent forms is a core topic of research, as well as a priority issue standing at the top of national and international security agendas. While most of the literature is still focused on violent forms of extremism, an emerging research trend is looking at vocal extremism and radicalisation as crucial steps to understand, as Neumann said “what happens before the bomb goes off”. Within this new trend, scholars are interested in exploring the ideology of extremist groups (rather than just their methods) and the frames (schemata of interpretation) they disseminate in order to win more followers and fidelise their members. Based on the author’s previous research, as well as on relevant data extracted from the manifestos and relevant publications of emblematic groups of both ideologies, this paper compares Islamists and Eco-radicals as two forms of extremism fighting the Western-sponsored modernisation process. By exploring the meaning of “modernity”, as well as the role played by frames, this research sheds light on three common frames present in both ideologies, i.e., the enemy to fight, the victims to protect, and the change to achieve. These three frames are the linchpin of the discourses of both forms of extremism. By innovatively unpacking these frames from a comparative perspective, this research offers new insights into the impact of modernity on the development of alternative and extremist ideologies.
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Mishra, Deepanjali. "Literature as a Source of Ecological Sustainability With Reference to Feminist Writings." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.293239.
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Eco Feminist Literature has successfully addressed many ecological and environmental concerns in relation to the exploitation of women in various forms. It has been long that the relationship between the ecology and literature is established with the wide range of literary works having its base on environment and its issues. Women Autobiographies are a form of literature that are used by women writers to express their feelings of themselves in the forms of Memoirs .In certain cases people living in certain geographical regions are captivated by their staunch religious practices which plays an adverse role in preserving the ecological balance. Therefore this paper is an attempt to portray the extremism that exists in the Swat valley and how women autobiographies can contribute to the maintaining the eco system.
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Калюжна, Ю. І. "ДИВЕРГЕНЦІЇ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО РУХУ (ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ РАДИКАЛІЗМ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ ТЕРОРИЗМ) КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ПОЛІТОЛОГІЧНОГО ВИМІРУ." Сучасне суспільство: політичні науки, соціологічні науки, культурологічні науки 2, no. 2-19 (2019): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/24130060.2019.19.2.03.
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The article attempts to analyze theoretically the socio-political phenomenon of «environmental terrorism». Complex of global environmental problems (pollution of air, water, soil, common planetary temperature increase, greenhouse effect, destruction of the ozone layer, large-scale floods, droughts, hurricanes, reduction of biological diversity, scarcity of natural resources, rapid demographic growth, cities crisis, environmental refugees, anthropogenic (man-made) garbage collapse, etc.) correlates with the radicalization of environmental views and the rhetoric of peaceful meetings and pickets of government institutions, corporations and international organizations are being replaced by firing from firearms, laying bombs, arson, namely terrorist acts. In today’s world conditions, in the fight for environmental issues solutions, for the right of every person to a clean environment and a fair distribution of resources, environmental views are transformed increasingly into extremism and radicalism, and thus, eco-activists cross the border and become eco-terrorists. The author of the article emphasizes that in the modern scientific space there is a significant lack of research material on the issues of environmental terrorism, which significantly complicates theoretical studying and the search for methodological tools for understanding this socio-political phenomenon. In his search for the keys to understanding of «environmental terrorism», the author turns to the evolution of the environmental movement (which has been developing along two main directions: the institutionalization of the environmental movement and the politicization of the environmental movement) and notes that at some stage of the evolutionary development of the ecological movement, divergences arise in the form of extremism and radicalism of environmental movements, which became the basis of environmental terrorism. Theoretical analysis of the activities of environmental terrorist organizations, including the Deep Green Resistance, the Huntingdon Society for the Suppression of Cruelty to Animals (Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty), the Animal Liberation Front (Animal Liberation Front) and the Earth Liberation Front (Earth Liberation Front), also Earth Above All, Sea Shepherds and others, allows to assert that the increasing feelings of anxiety, helplessness and inevitability of ecological catastrophe on a planetary scale, total disappointment in political institutes and activities of international environmental organizations, «false news and rumors, pseudoscientific beliefs, turned into myths, mad populism, outdated and new group phobias, extremism and all this in hysterically transformational communities is turned into a theoretical basis and a trigger for violence» and becomes «nutritious» substance for the environmental terrorism.
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Wattimena, Reza A. A., and Anak Agung Banyu Perwita. "Narrowing the Global Gap: Eco-Social Market Economy as New Perspective to Deal with Global Economic Inequality and Economic Insecurity in 21st Century." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 6, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.6.1.1-16.2017.
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Global economic inequality, namely the economic inequality between various countries and regions, is one of the biggest challenges of 21st century. Thus, it has also become an important issue in economic security. It creates extreme poverty in the face of abundant living in several rich countries and regions. It is also the root of other global problems, such as human trafficking, spreads of slums, diseases, and international network of radicalism, extremism and terrorism. Because of the global scope, the world needs to develop new perspective in combating global economic inequality and its negative consequences. Eco-social market economy, which is developed from the German social theories, can offer such perspective. It balances between two important areas of social life, namely social justice on the one hand, and ecological awareness of the other hand. This paper elaborates the basic notions and implementations of eco-social market economy in global level to overcome the issue of global economic inequality in 21st century as a new perspective in addressing the issue of economic insecurity in our current global economic, political and security interactions.
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Posłuszna, Elżbieta. "A Prognostic View on the Ideological Determinants of Violence in the Radical Ecological Movement." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 13, 2020): 6536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166536.
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Ecologically motivated violence that manifests itself in the animal-rights and environmental forms is not a declining phenomenon. The fluctuating increase of the number of ecologically motivated crimes during the last 50 years, the multiplicity of the methods used (arson, food poisoning in supermarkets, destruction of equipment, attacks with the use of incentivized devices) should make us look at eco-extremism as a dynamic and difficult to grasp phenomenon. The paper is of both explanatory and prognostic nature; its goal is to present the genesis and essence of ecological radicalism, as well as to formulate the predictions for the future. In these forecasts, I wish to depart from the frequent, albeit somewhat simplistic, argument that, since the environmental extremist groups have not yet resorted to direct violence (targeting humans), and the animal-rights groups have reached for it very rarely, this state of affairs will continue in the future. This claim does not necessarily have to be true. I argue that some aspects of ideology can induce, in certain circumstances (a growing ecological catastrophe, further departure from the anthropocentric perspective), a change of the potential of radicalism within the environmental and animal-rights movements. In the case of animal-rights groups, the principle of not causing harm to people may be openly rejected, and in the case of environmental groups, the actions aimed at the annihilation of the whole human species may be undertaken.
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Belukhin, N. "Ludwig Klages, Deep Ecology and the Concept of Friluftsliv in Nordic Countries." Analysis and Forecasting. IMEMO Journal, no. 1 (2023): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/afij-2023-1-27-44.
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The article provides a brief overview of the views of philosophers Ludvig Klages, Arne Næss and Villy Sørensen, whose works revolved around the relationship between man and the environment. The article then proceeds to compare their philosophical ideas with the popular concept of friluftsliv which closely intertwines with the lifestyle as well as regional and national identity of Nordic countries. It is revealed that the common ground of both the philosophical constructions of deep ecology and the practice of friluftsliv is the close emotional connection between humanity and nature as its original environment. The analysis of development strategies of friluftsliv in Denmark, Norway and Sweden highlights the potential of friluftsliv phenomenon to be a conduit for fostering wide public solidarity on the ‘green’ agenda and promoting ecological consciousness and eco-citizenship in Nordic countries, which also corresponds to the idea of aesthetic, beautiful actions as formulated by Arne Næss. The conclusion is made that the systematically implemented practice of friluftsliv in Northern Europe can serve as an example of overcoming the conflict between radical environmental alarmism and skepticism and of making environmental care a part of everyday life and national consciousness. The article also notes the threat of right-wing radicalism and right-wing extremism employing the environmental rhetoric in order to increase their popularity among the younger generation. Despite local environmental initiatives conducted under the auspices of such organizations, their ‘green’ rhetoric primarily serves to reinforce their more traditional agenda of restricting immigration and eliminating ‘foreign and hostile’ elements from Nordic society. The conclusion emphasizes the broad potential for the study of national ecological cultures and identities, which could complement and broaden the existing research on the ‘green’ parties and mass environmental movements.
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DAĞ, Fatih. "G5 Sahel'in Bölgesel Bir Güvenlik Entegrasyonuna Dönüşmesinin Önündeki Zorluklar." Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, September 17, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1302853.
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Established as a regional collective security organization by Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, and Burkina Faso, the five countries of the Sahel, one of Africa's eco-climatic regions, the G5 Sahel is a sub-regional international organization that aims to harmonize security and development strategies and activities among its members. This promising initiative, which ultimately targeted regional security integration, is now at risk of becoming a dysfunctional and failed initiative. This paper seeks to analyze the challenges facing the evolution of the G5 Sahel towards regional security integration. Following the first part, which examines security regionalism or the regionalization of security in a conceptual and theoretical framework, the context in which the G5 Sahel Organization was created is examined within the approach of the Copenhagen School's Regional Security Complex. It focuses on what the G5 Sahel means in the Sahel as an example of a regional security complex in which violent extremism is securitized. Finally, the reasons for the current dysfunctional appearance of the G5 Sahel and the challenges to its future evolution towards regional security integration are debated around the arguments from the problems of member states, the internal dynamics of the G5 Sahel Organization, and the overabundance of international actors and activities in the region.
Books on the topic "Eco-extremism"
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Miller, Joseph Arthur. Eco-terrorism & eco-extremism against agriculture. Chicago: J.A. Miller, 2000.
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Miller, Joseph A., and R. M. Miller. Eco-Terrorism & Eco-Extremism Against Agriculture. Joseph a Miller - R M Miller, 2000.
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Of Indiscriminate Attacks & Wild Reactions: An anti-civ anarchist engages with ITS and Atassa, their defenders and their false critics. Independently published, 2017.
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Department of Defense. Countering Violent Extremism: An Understanding of the Problem, the Process and Some Solutions - Radicalization, Islamic Terrorism, White Supremacist, Eco-Extremist Case Studies, CITIG. Independently Published, 2017.
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Robertson, Sarah. Poverty Politics. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496824325.001.0001.
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Representations of southern poor whites have long shifted between romanticization and demonization. At worst, poor southern whites are aligned with racism, bigotry, and right-wing extremism, and at best, regarded as the passive victims of wider, socio-economic policies. Poverty Politics: Poor Whites in Contemporary Southern Writing pushes beyond these stereotypes and explores the impact of neoliberalism and welfare reform on depictions of poverty. The book examines representations of southern poor whites across various types of literature, including travel-writing, photo-narratives, life-writing, and eco-literature, and reveals a common interest in communitarianism that crosses the boundaries of the US South and regionalism, moving past ideas about the culture of poverty to examine the economics of poverty. Included are critical examinations of the writings of southern writers such as Dorothy Allison, Rick Bragg, Barbara Kingsolver, Tim McLaurin, Toni Morrison, and Ann Pancake. Poverty Politics: Poor Whites in Contemporary Southern Writing includes critical engagement with identity politics as well as reflecting on issues including Hurricane Katrina, the 2008 financial crisis, and mountaintop removal. It interrogates the presumed opposition between the Global North and the Global South and engages with micro-regions through case studies on Appalachian photo-narratives and eco-literature. Importantly, it focuses not merely on representations of southern poor whites, but also on writing that calls for alternative ways of re-conceptualizing not just the poor, but societal measures of time, value, and worth.
Book chapters on the topic "Eco-extremism"
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Mareš, Miroslav. "Environmental Apocalypticism, Other Forms of Eco-Extremism, and Their Links to the Left-Wing Extremist Scene." In The Palgrave Handbook of Left-Wing Extremism, Volume 2, 277–91. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36268-2_15.
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"Maritime eco- extremism reconsidered: understanding fourth generation eco- warriors in the modern media age B R ENDON J . MILLS A ND HOWARD R . ERNST." In Maritime Private Security, 225–34. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203126608-26.
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Ashwin, Peter. "From Risk to Resilience Contemporary Issues in Event Risk Management (Peter Ashwin)." In Crisis Management and Recovery for Events: Impacts and Strategies. Goodfellow Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911635901-4827.
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In today’s volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous global risk society, national boundaries are blurred, inter-connected markets are exposed to delocalized risks with consequences that may stretch over extended or indefinite periods of time. Under these uncertain conditions, event organizers find themselves planning and delivering events in an environment characterized by disruptive effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and extant risks from home-grown violent extremism, cyber-criminal threats, supply chain disruptions and event cancellations (Beck, 2006; Hall, et al., 2019; Piekarz et al., 2015; Reid & Ritchie,2011; Rutherford Silvers, 2008; Tarlow, 2002). It is widely acknowledged that risk management should be viewed by event organizers and event professionals as a fundamental responsibility for planning and delivering a world class guest experience in a safe and secure environment (Berlonghi, 1990; Piekarz et al., 2015; Rutherford Silvers, 2008; Tarlow 2002;). However, in stark contrast, many event organizers concede that they do not have an event risk management plan (Ashwin & Wilson, 2020; Sturken, 2005 cited in Robson, 2009; Robson, 2009). In light of the recent proliferation of violent attacks on festivals and events, from the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing to the recent 2019 Gilroy Garlic Festival (California) shooting, there has been an increasing public discourse and emerging legislative requirements for event organizers to demonstrate an evidence-based approach to risk management decisions with the ability to explain the rationale behind those decisions in clear, objective and transparent terms (US Department of Homeland Security, 2020; UK Center for the Protection of National Infrastructure, 2020). Drawing upon the existing body of literature for event risk management, from Berlonghi (1990) to the recent 2019 event industry survey investigating event organizers approaches to risk management and resilience (Ashwin & Wilson, 2020), this chapter will explore contemporary risk issues in today’s volatile, ambiguous, complex and uncertain world. First, it will discuss the inter-related risk constructs pertaining to socio-cultural theoretical perspectives of risk and how an event organizer’s perception of risk influences their approach to risk management and decision-making. Then the chapter will address two contemporary risks, both of which present the potential for catastrophic consequences: cyber-criminals who are increasingly focusing their cyber-attacks on vulnerable, event digital eco-systems; and domestic terrorism and the threat from homegrown violent extremists, domestic violent extremists and unaffiliated lone offenders (‘lone wolves’). Finally, pragmatic, risk-based approaches to mitigating these risks will be discussed, specifically, preventative risk control measures and opportunities for enhancing organizational resilience to cyber-crime and terrorism.