Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Eco efficiency'
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Дядечко, Алла Миколаївна, Алла Николаевна Дядечко, Alla Mykolaivna Diadechko, and A. O. Dmitrenko. "Intensive recycling and eco-efficiency." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16078.
Full textДегтярьова, Ірина Борисівна, Ирина Борисовна Дегтярева, and Iryna Borysivna Dehtiarova. "Ensuring eco-efficiency for sustainable development." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31066.
Full textLitos, Lampros. "Design support for eco-efficiency improvements in manufacturing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/264946.
Full textДмитренко, Алла Олександрівна, Алла Александровна Дмитренко, and Alla Oleksandrivna Dmytrenko. "Keystones for attainment eco-efficiency of clean production." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8141.
Full textPapaleo, Maria Carmela. "Issues in Environmental Economics: Sustainability and Eco-efficiency." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1953.
Full textThis thesis deals empirically with various research questions in environmental economics. In particular the issues of sustainability and eco-efficiency are approached on three different data-sets. The first paper deals with the analysis of eco-efficiency for 103 provincial (NUTS 3 - Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics 3) capitals of Italy throughout 2000-2008. It focuses on the link among economic growth, energy consumption and air pollution, modeling cities as territorial units that ought to promote growth, while at the same time minimising its environmental impact. Subsequently, the eco-efficiency of this panel of provincial capitals is measured through panel estimates of an input-distance function. Within this procedure, considering some environmental control variables, the paper evaluates if environmental best practices correspond either to those municipalities that adopt environment-friendly policies or to cities characterised by a particular urban context. The evidence points to the existence of a significant link between economic development, energy consumption and air pollution at the provincial capital level. The most ecoefficient provincial capitals are also among the wealthier, which is consistent with an Environmental Kuznets Curve. The second paper investigates the Ecological Footprint indicator by focusing on the notion of sustainable development and then of carrying capacity of land. The impact of man on nature is explored through an empirical analysis of the growth rate of population, and the percentage of urban and rural population, in Europe. The level of CO2 emissions per inhabitant in the EU is compared with that of developing countries. Through a sectoral approach, the total CO2 emissions per capita from fuel combustion, electricity and heat production, manufacturing industries and construction, transport and other sources are separately appraised. The third paper studies the relationship between rice production and methane emissions. Rice farming is believed to be a major anthropogenic source of methane emissions, which are measured emissions at both country and world levels of aggregation. It presents a quantitative estimation of the statistical relationship between rice production dynamics and methane emissions with regression estimates computed (country-wise and globally) over a large set of countries. The evidence only partly validates the expectation of a positive statistical influence of rice production on methane emissions. In fact a Kuznetstype evidence shows up: increasing rice production is correlated with fewer emissions. This negative relationship holds for a measure of countries sufficient to emerge significantly also at the world level. [edited by Author]
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Sklyarova, Mariya, and Tetiana Kobets. "Eco-efficiency for sustainability : IKEA's environmental policy in Russia." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-922.
Full textKostøl, Øystein Jerkø. "Eco-efficiency of Power Generation Options at a Refinery." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12873.
Full textBeltrán, Esteve María Mercedes. "Essays on the assessment of eco-efficiency in agriculture." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/25183.
Full textHussain, Syed Salman. "Greening of industry : an ecological economic appraisal of eco-innovations and eco-labelling." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4362.
Full textGuma, Mondli. "Developing minerals beneficiation flowsheets for eco-efficiency : a systems approach." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10531.
Full textEco-efficiency has been proposed by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development as a performance indicator framework that contributes to sustainability by assisting corporate decision makers improve the environmental performance of their operations and processes, while also extracting additional economic value. Given the emergent importance of eco-efficiency within the business community and the urgency with which environmental impacts generated by the minerals industry need to be mitigated, it becomes apparent that there is a need to assess whether eco-efficiency indicators can drive environmental sustainability performance improvement during process design within the minerals industry. This thesis aims to respond to this research need by assessing the strengths and limitations of eco-efficiency indicators as performance metrics in guiding decision making during minerals process design in the interests of environmental sustainability. The ultimate aim of this thesis is to contribute towards improved guidance for process design engineers in the selection of the appropriate tools for more environmentally sustainable design of minerals beneficiation processes.
Nasrin, Lubna. "Improved Version of Energy Efficient Motor for Shell Eco Marathon : Half Weight with Higher Efficiency." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14829.
Full textSubtil, Joana de Oliveira Ferraz. "Análise de métodos de avaliação de eco eficiência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-12072016-075105/.
Full textIt is necessary to measure sustainability to effectively manage and practice it. This measurement is possible by using sustainability assessment methods. Different evaluation methods are avalible, which generally result in environmental, economic and social performance indicators (POPPEA; ANNANDALE; MORISON-SAUNDERSB, 2004). The eco-efficieny assessment (EEA) is one of the most accepted and disseminated donominations of the conjunction of environmental and economic dimensions. Eco-efficiency is the \"aspect of sustainability relating the environmental performance of a product system to its product system value\" (ISO, 2012). Different EEA methods are available, however lack evidence of their similarities and particularities and how these features influence the choice of the most appropriate EEA method for certain potential applications. The objective of this research is therefore to analyze and indicate the types of EEA methods most suitable in management applications. Eleven EEA methods were selected by the establishment of characterization criterias of these methods: BASF, Bayer, EcoWater, Hahn et al., Kuosmanen and Kortelainen, MIPS, NRTEE, UN ESCAP, UN, TU Delft, and WBCSD. Four potential applications were also identified: (i) process monitoring for continuous improvement; (ii) product selection and classification; (iii) compliance to legal and/or other requirements; and (iv) marketing, product labeling and environmental communication. Based on the methodological elements set out by the standard ISO 14045 and the knowledge obtained from EEA methods, four requirements were determined for which the methods and potential applications were evaluated: (i) Type of environmental performance indicator, (ii) Type of product value system indicator, (iii) Scope of application Scope; and (vi) Type indicator of eco-efficiency. The application of the requirements to the AEE methods and potential uses led to the conclusion that for monitoring of processes for continuous improvement the recommended EEA methods are Bayer, NRTEE, WBCSD and UN. For the product selection and classification situations methods BASF, EcoWater, Kuosmanen and Kortelainen, MIPS, Hahn et al., TU Delft, UN ESCAP and UN have shown to be most suitable. Regarding the use aimed at complying with legal and/or other requirements, methods NRTEE, WBCSD and UN are most indicated. In marketing, labeling and communication application the methods BASF, EcoWater and MIPS were recommended. Finally, it was concluded that for an appropriate EEA method choice previous knowledge on the methods approach is necessary.
Bauer, Francisca, Christoph Bremberger, Mikulás Luptácik, and Stephan Schmitt. "Regulatory impact of environmental standards on the eco-efficiency of firms." Forschungsinstitut für Regulierungsökonomie, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2011. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3087/1/bauer_bremberger_luptacik_schmitt.pdf.
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Buøy, John Ola. "Development of high efficiency Axial Flux Motor for Shell Eco-marathon." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23648.
Full textBremberger, Christoph, Francisca Bremberger, Mikulas Luptacik, and Stephan Schmitt. "Regulatory impact of environmental standards on the eco-efficiency of firms." Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2013.176.
Full textKharel, Govinda Prasad. "Evaluation of eco-efficiency of iron and steel industries in Nepal /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd397/4837462.pdf.
Full textMaung, Maung Thant Kitikorn Charmondusit. "Measurement of eco-efficiency for pulp and paper production in Myanmar /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd398/4837461.pdf.
Full textPorn, Denise. "Proposta de um instrumento para diagnóstico do uso da ecoeficiência em empresas produtoras de móveis estofados." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2352.
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Este estudo tem como objetivo propor um instrumento de diagnóstico de ecoeficiência. Trata-se de um mecanismo para obtenção de dados para a análise qualitativa da performance ambiental. A pesquisa é motivada pelo fato de que as preocupações atuais se sobrepõem às inquietações relativas aos impactos ecológicos e aos danos causados à natureza, e evidenciam o anseio da sociedade à melhoria da qualidade e preservação da vida humana. Considerando que a melhor solução para os impactos ambientais será sempre a prevenção, oportunizou-se este estudo focado no desenvolvimento de um instrumento para o diagnóstico do uso da ecoeficiência. A partir da revisão bibliográfica estabeleceram-se as características da ecoeficiência, as quais compuseram o instrumento proposto. Foram feitas duas aplicações piloto em empresas produtoras de móveis estofados, produtos que têm gerado, ao longo e no final de suas vidas, uma considerável parcela de resíduos a serem descartados no meio-ambiente, grandes desperdícios com a produção inefic
Zwan, F. M. van der. "Integrated solutions as a new perspective for eco efficient services : a cross industry exploration." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274181.
Full textBohne, Rolf André. "Eco-efficiency and Performance Strategies in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Systems." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-452.
Full textThis thesis studies the Danish and Norwegian recycling systems for construction and demolition (C&D) waste. The architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is a major contributor to societies waste production; accounting for approximately 40% of the waste production. It is therefore important to manage the C&D waste effectively to move society towards sustainability.
This study applies the Industrial Ecology paradigm. This involved multidisciplinary approach, spanning the fields of Industrial Ecology, Systems Engineering and Organizational and Social Studies.
The scope of this thesis is threefold. The first scope is to get a better understanding of the processes that are taking place within the socio-technical sphere of a recycling system. Second, what is the nature of the C&D waste and what are the environmental impacts from the various waste fractions. Third, how can this information be used to improve recycling systems for C&D waste.
The study show that the suggestions in the National Action Plan and the corresponding policies are eco-effective, but that the environmental impact is very transport dependent. The study also shows that there is a great need to focus on future waste composition in the design of recycling systems for C&D waste. However, such waste projections are difficult to perform due to poor data availability.
There is a need for making more qualified decisions on environmental issues, with regard to long term management of such recycling systems. Long term models combined with environmental and economic information can make a powerful tool for such analysis.
Venters, Bruce Russell Ainsley. "Opportunities for eco-efficiency at Summerpride Foods Ltd.: a pineapple processing factory." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003908.
Full textOliveira, Filipe Luiz Pereira de. "A relevância da medição da eficiência da eco-inovação." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14084.
Full textMichelsen, Ottar. "Eco-efficiency in extended supply chains – methodological development with regulatory and organizational implications." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1926.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the development and understanding of ecoefficiency assessments for extended supply chains. Using a methodological approach, the main outcome is a consistent methodology to assess the eco-efficiency for extended supply chains. The methodology allows comparisons both between different extended supply chains, e.g. the life cycle of different products, and also within an extended supply chain to reveal which processes are the most important for the value performance and the environmental performance, and to determine the contributions of supply chain partners to this performance. The methodological development also includes a proposal for how land use impacts on biodiversity should be included in the environmental assessments.
The methodological approach is used to reveal regulatory and organizational implications for the extended supply chains. In a case study on furniture production the assessments of eco-efficiency are used in two ways: to provide recommendations about new regulations that could motivate improvements in eco-efficiency performance of the products; and, to suggest organizational changes that could and should be performed to realize the potential for improvement.
This thesis demonstrates that the methodological, regulatory and organizational aspects of eco-efficiency are closely interlinked and must be used in combination to realize the potential for improvement.
The methodological recommendations are believed to be valid for all extended supply chains, while the regulatory and organizational implications are case specific. The approach used to derive with the recommendations should be transferable to other extended supply chains.
This thesis shows how measures of eco-efficiency can be used in the search for a path to sustainability. However, eco-efficiency must not be misinterpreted as sustainability since eco-efficiency only deals with relative and not absolute values, and does not incorporate social issues.
Paper I is reprinted with kind permission of Elsevier,Sciencedirect.com
Santos, Marise Keller dos. "Eco-eficiência e avaliação de sistemas integrados de gestão." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10985.
Full textThis thesis aims to evaluate quality, occupational health, safety and environment systems of a company. In order to do so, it employs the study case method, taking into consideration the application of the concept of eco-efficiency, its economical and environmental benefits by the company’s environment management systems. This work is based on the concept of cleaner production for the identification of the relationship between some quality indicators and the environment management systems as a secondary aim. Among the main results obtained, is the identification of the advantages in the application of operational indicators with an individual approach of inputs and outputs in the operations that composes the process according to what establishes the NBR ISO 14031:2004. The application of these indicators allied to the identification of waste cost indicators can facilitate the definition of objectives and targets for a non-generation and minimization of waste based on economic, technical and environmental impact criteria. As a global result of the evaluation, we observed that the quality management program implanted in the company, which served as object of study, complies with the principles of the quality Norm NBR ISO 9000:2000, but some improvements are still needed for the full maintenance of environment.
Vellani, Cassio Luiz. "A ciência contábil e a eco-eficiência dos negócios." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96133/tde-20072007-155514/.
Full textSustainable Development, Corporative Social Responsibility and Enterprise Sustainability are concepts that converge the same to objective: to integrate the economic, social and ecological aspects of the businesses. The eco-efficiency can be used to integrate economic and ecological performance. It has in the market spreading of companies that keeps actions that aim at the environmental protection. However, to contribute for the sustainability of the business these activities they must converge to the eco-efficiency. For this, the enterprise ecological action must act on the residues emitted for the operations of the proper company and the expenses in incurred them must result in economic-financial benefits to the business. In this context, this study it identifies the following question of research: in accounting terms, how can be categorized the enterprise ecological actions to supply information on events related with the eco-efficiency of the business? The objective is: to categorize the enterprise ecological actions being aimed at the supply of information economic-financiers on events related with the eco-efficiency of the business. This dissertation, by means of study of transversal cut, content analysis, explorer, descriptive, basic and inductive research, identifies 608 examples of ecological actions kept by companies, of which 450 act on elements unrelated to the debris of the proper firm by means of programs of sustainable development, environmental education, recycling and preservation and recovery; and 158 act on the residues emitted for the proper company during of the processing of its products and services in four directions: I. to reduce the consumption of raw materials, to substitute not renewed them for renewed, recycled or removed of ecological form; II. to transform residues into raw materials; III. to transform residues into products; IV. to promote the garbage collection selective, to reduce the emission of residues, to neutralize the toxic effect of the residues or to fulfill with contractual obligations. It has two categories for the enterprise ecological actions. The ones that they can increase the eco-efficiency of the business are separate of the programs directed to sustainable development of the society, but external to business of the company. This organizes the expenses and results incurred into the enterprise ecological actions and generates information on the way it company to integrate ecological performance and economic. The objective of this work was reached, therefore it identifies a form of organization capable to favor the process of supply of information on the monetary and physical flow involved with inputs and outputs of the system company and on the effect of the ecological actions in these flows. This type of information is useful for the executives of the environmental management to manage the eco-efficiency of the business and can be supplied by the subsystem of accounting call of Environmental Accounting or Environmental Management Accounting. Finally, the research results in a enterprise eco-efficiency management system and points a way with respect to future studies.
Hilson, Gavin. "An examination of environmental performance and eco-efficiency in the North American gold mining industry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/MQ49754.pdf.
Full textBarbera, Elena. "Industrial production of microalgae by an eco-sustainable process: light utilization efficiency and nutrient recycling." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422277.
Full textQuesta tesi di dottorato ha come obiettivo il miglioramento dell'efficienza e della sostenibilità dei processi di coltivazione di microalghe per la produzione di biocarburanti su larga scala. Approcci di tipo sperimentale, modellistico e di simulazione di processo sono stati impiegati per valutare: i) l'efficienza di utilizzo della luce in fotobioreattori per la produzione microalgale e ii) diverse strategie per il recupero e il riciclo dei nutrienti. In primo luogo, la crescita microalgale in fotobioreattori di tipo continuo è modellata al fine di identificare le condizioni ottimali che consentono di ottenere la massima produttività, considerando l'effetto dell'intensità e regime luminoso, uniti alla dispersione assiale. Successivamente, l'integrazione di tecnologie fotovoltaiche con i fotobioreattori è studiata come una possibile soluzione pratica per migliorare l'efficienza di utilizzo dei fotoni per unità di area superficiale. A tal proposito, sono dunque riportati esperimenti svolti applicando pannelli solari, sia di tipo convenzionale al silicio che un nuovo modulo "DSC" semi-trasparente, sulla superficie del reattore. Inoltre, è presentata un'analisi energetica ed economica di un sistema di coltivazione di microalghe in una serra fotovoltaica, il cui tetto è parzialmente coperto da pannelli fotovoltaici. Due diverse strategie per il recupero e riciclo dei nutrienti sono state prese in considerazione: flash hydrolysis (FH) della sospensione microalgale a valle del reattore, e digestione anaerobica (AD) della biomassa residua a valle dell'estrazione dei lipidi. La fase acquosa ricca di nutrienti prodotta dalla FH di due diverse specie microalgali (Scenedesmus sp. e Nannochloropsis gaditana) è impiegata per analizzare la crescita delle corrispondenti microalghe in tale substrato. Inoltre, la possibilità di precipitare i nutrienti dall'idrolizzato sotto forma di fertilizzanti stabili è valutata come alternativa al riciclo diretto. Viene studiata la produzione di biogas dalla AD di microalghe a valle dell'estrazione dell'olio, e successivamente la crescita nel digestato liquido viene comparata con quella ottenuta in terreni di coltura standard. Infine, i dati sperimentali ottenuti da FH e AD sono utilizzati per implementare delle simulazioni di processo, al fine di svolgere i bilanci di materia ed energia e di valutare le performance di questi processi su larga scala.
Yousuf, Saif. "Structural Low Cement Content (LCC) Concrete: An Eco-friendly Alternative for Construction Industry." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37590.
Full textCanazaro, Camila Copello. "Análise de sistema de certificação ambiental de prédio ao longo do tempo a partir dos conceitos eco-eficiência e eco-eficácia." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/6973.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2018-04-03T16:44:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Copello Canazaro_.pdf: 1264806 bytes, checksum: f87f45421f57d933c65e9c84547ad633 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-18
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O uso racional de materiais na construção civil e a responsabilidade deste setor com o meio ambiente têm sido objetos de pesquisa no meio acadêmico. As certificações ambientais surgiram neste cenário para orientar os envolvidos no processo afim de reduzir os impactos ambientais causados pelo setor. Neste contexto, a eco-eficiência e a eco-eficácia apresentam diferentes abordagens a este tema e fundamentam as análises da certificação LEED realizada neste trabalho. O trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar a atualização dos critérios ao longo das versões de um programa de certificação ambiental de prédios (LEED) a partir dos conceitos de eco-eficiência e eco-eficácia. Como objetivos específicos, esta pesquisa analisa: (i) a atualização dos critérios do programa de certificação para as fases de projeto e de uso ao longo do tempo; (ii) a pontuação de um prédio certificado, considerando os critérios na versão atual da certificação; (iii) o prédio certificado a partir dos conceitos de eco-eficiência e eco-eficácia. Para avaliar a atualização dos critérios da certificação ao longo do tempo foram realizadas análises de cada requisito das certificações de projeto e operação das versões v3 (2009) e v4 (2016). Esta etapa resultou em macro alterações na certificação, como o surgimento de novas tipologias, do Processo de Projeto Integrado e a criação de uma categoria exclusiva para Localização e Transportes. A avaliação do prédio na versão mais atual da certificação v4 (2016), foi realizada através de visitas à edificação e entrevistas com os operadores da mesma. Esta etapa resultou no decréscimo da pontuação da edificação para a certificação de projeto na v4 (2016). Porém, a certificação de operação atingiu classificação máxima (Platina), com 82 pontos, pelo fato de os operadores já praticarem diversas ações que a certificação exige, independente da certificação de projeto. Por fim, foram avaliados como a certificação e o prédio certificado atendem aos conceitos de eco-eficiência e eco-eficácia, afim de verificar se produzem impactos positivos no meio ambiente ou apenas os reduzem. O estudo revelou que a certificação está em busca da produção de impactos positivos no meio ambiente e de inovações tecnológicas, apesar de ainda estarem presentes em um pequeno número de créditos.
The rational use of materials in the construction industry and the responsibility this sector has towards the environment has been object of research in the academia over the past few decades. In this context, the environmental certifications have arisen to guide the involved in the processes, seeking to reduce the environmental impacts caused by this sector. The analysis conducted in this study is based on the different approaches the concepts of eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness brought on the subject. The main goal of this essay is to analyze, at the light of eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness, the criteria evolution of an environmental certification program designed for buildings (LEED) over the course of time. As specific objectives, this study evaluates: (i) the updates of the certification program criteria for the design stage and operations and maintenance stage from version v3 (2009) to version v4 (2016); (ii) the comparison between the score achieved by a certificated building, taking in consideration the criteria of the certification program’s current version and its previous version; (iii) the aspects of eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness of the certificated building. Each of the conditions of versions v3 (2009) and v4 (2016) of both the design certification and operations and maintenance certification has been analyzed in order to evaluate the updates over the course of time. This analysis showed significant changes in the certification, with the inclusion of new typologies and important concerns, such as the Integrative Process and the establishment of a new category exclusively for Location and Transportation. The evaluation of the building under the conditions of the latest version of the program was performed through visits and interviews with its operators. A comparison between the building scores obtained in versions v3 (2009) and v4 (2016) showed a decrease in the latter. The building achieved a total of 82 points on the operations and maintenance certification, reaching the Platinum category, despite the lower score on the design certification, due to the practices required by the program already being performed by its operators. Finally, the certification and certified building were evaluated against the aspects of eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness in order to verify if the generation of good impacts on the environment are taken into consideration or if they rely solely on the reduction of bad impacts. The study revealed that the certification analyzed is seeking the generation of good impacts and technology innovation, although these concepts are still verified in a just few credits.
González, Ocón Santiago. "Evaluation of Potentially Eco-Efficient Solutions: Functional Sales and Industrial Ecology." Thesis, Linköping University, Environmental Technique and Management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53735.
Full textDesign of products permits to yield goods and services to produce satisfaction on customers, which is measured as value. However, it is at this stage in which most of the environmental impact, from a lifecycle perspective, is added to the product. Eco-design aims at increasing value of products while reducing the burdens on the environment by means conscious design towards efficient use of resources. That efficiency, referred to as eco-efficiency, can be increased in a number of manners within environmental engineering. Traditionally, different fields have tackled materials, energy flows and products from different angles or approaches. In this thesis we describe Functional Sales (FS) and Industrial Ecology (IE) as examples of these. Within this latter, we put emphasis on Industrial Symbiosis (IS) and Eco-effectiveness. We consider these approaches are suitable to work in the framework of eco-design to increase ecoefficiency. By adding services to material products, and managing material and energy flows with a more ecological consciousness, we expect to increase value of products while reducing the impact on the environment.
To analyse this potential improvement, we developed a method involving a new eco-efficiency index (VERI), that recursively intends to ease decisions on possible eco-efficient alternatives. This index and its method are applied to a case study on management of olive oil supply in region of Murcia, Spain. Here, we propose three scenarios that will involve the implementation of FS and IE to compare the outcomes in value and environmental performance against an idealised current supply chain. The results obtained, although not accurate, suggest that FS and EI should be more taken into account in eco-design and, this latter, to also consider holistic viewpoints to find more eco-efficient alternatives for a product development.
Irrgang, Berendine. "A study of the efficiency and potential of the eco-village as an alternative urban model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3414.
Full textIt is generally agreed that the concept of sustainability should play an increasing role in future urban development world-wide. In order to ensure ecological sustainability, cities around the world have to decrease their environmental footprint. Two aspects are important in this regard: the decrease of energy consumption and the decrease of waste products and its subsequent management.
Bickel, Chad Louis. "Optimizing Control of Shell Eco-marathon Prototype Vehicle to Minimize Fuel Consumption." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1717.
Full textBen, Ayed Ramzi. "Eco-conception d’une chaine de traction ferroviaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0009/document.
Full textWith the introduction of different environmental standards like ISO 14001, concerns of manufacturers in railway industry are more and more oriented to the design of green products. One important issue when designing such products is the control of the cost impact and the evaluation of the price which consumers agree to pay for a reduced environmental footprint.Eco-design of railway train presents several challenges for the designer. The first one is the complexity of the life cycle analysis of such components. The second challenge is the necessity of consideration of several environmental impacts in design stage given the number of impacts. Finally, railway components have different models with different granularity which can be used in the process of eco-design. To overcome these problems we propose in this work a method which involves two steps. The first one is to simplify the LCA of the railway train using environmental management software and take the opportunity to build a malleable model to calculate eleven impacts. The second step, is to aggregate these impacts for a single indicator which is considered later as environmental criterion in the eco-design process. In order to investigate optimization tools, the eco-design problem is expressed into an optimization problem. Optimization algorithms are able to solve this problem and to find the optimal set of compromises between environmental criterion and the cost of the railway product. The set of compromises is given as a graph called the Pareto front. In our work the cost is expressed by the mass of the component and some optimization algorithms have been adapted in this work to serve in the process of eco-design
Petit, Boix Anna. "Towards sustainable cities through an environmental, economic and eco-efficiency analysis of urban sanitation and drainage systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405338.
Full textEl crecimiento de las ciudades alrededor del mundo lleva asociado un incremento en la demanda de infraestructuras de saneamiento y drenaje asociadas al ciclo del agua. Combinado con los efectos del cambio climático, la situación de estos sistemas en entornos urbanos es crítica. Buena parte de las redes de alcantarillado existentes requieren una renovación urgente, otras han de ser construidas en zonas en crecimiento, mientras que la escorrentía superficial de agua pluvial es una amenaza en cuanto a inundaciones debido a la impermeabilización del suelo. En este contexto, se debe determinar a través de una nueva visión ambiental y económica cuáles son las mejoras prácticas para reducir estas problemáticas y al mismo tiempo adaptar a las ciudades al cambio climático. En respuesta a estas demandas, esta tesis estudia la ecoeficiencia de los sistemas de saneamiento y drenaje urbano para determinar las mejores alternativas en diferentes contextos urbanos. Así, se usó el marco de la ecología industrial, aplicando métodos específicos como el análisis del ciclo de vida (ACV), el análisis de costes del ciclo de vida (ACCV) y la ecoeficiencia. Esta investigación interdisciplinaria requiere métodos adicionales, como estudios estadísticos o análisis experimentales. El ciclo de vida de las redes de alcantarillado fue ampliamente analizado y se observó que los materiales de la tubería no son los únicos determinantes del impacto ambiental de una solución constructiva. En algunos casos, la contribución de la zanja representa hasta un 80% de los impactos ambientales de la etapa constructiva, hecho relevante para la toma de decisiones. Mediante un estudio estructural paramétrico encontraron las soluciones constructivas equivalentes con menor impacto ambiental. Así, reducir el uso de hormigón en las zanjas y reutilizar los materiales del suelo excavado puede significar una mejora ambiental. Por otro lado, la etapa de operación presenta retos en el ámbito del planeamiento urbano. Se compararon el municipio costero de Calafell (España, clima mediterráneo) y Betanzos (España, clima atlántico). La ubicación de la estación depuradora de Calafell a una cota más elevada que el municipio hace que el consumo de energía de bombeo (0.47 kWh/m3) sea mayor que en Betanzos (0.11 kWh/m3), donde el agua circula por gravedad. Además, se observaron emisiones gaseosas del alcantarillado a través de campañas de muestreo. Principalmente se detectaron mayores emisiones durante el verano asociadas a las elevadas temperaturas y en zonas de turbulencia del alcantarillado. Adicionalmente, mediante un estudio de ecoeficiencia se compararon los resultados ambientales y económicos del ciclo de vida del alcantarillado y se encontró que, independientemente del clima y la estructura urbana, la etapa de operación es la que genera más impactos ambientales (hasta el 74% de los impactos), mientras que la instalación (es decir, la zanja) contribuye a los costes económicos (70-75%). El debate de la centralización frente a la descentralización de las infraestructuras se estudió en un entorno insular (Menorca, España) con problemática turística. Ambientalmente, parece que un escenario centralizado en el que se conecta el asentamiento a una depuradora de gran capacidad es beneficioso debido a las economías de escala. Este escenario generaría un 12% menos impactos que descentralizar parcialmente con fosas sépticas o un 36% respecto a tratar el flujo estacional en un humedal construido. En general, los resultados dependen de la duración de la época turística. En el ámbito de la prevención de inundaciones, se aporta una nueva visión, pues se trata de los primeros estudios que integran el impacto ambiental y económico de invertir en medidas preventivas con los daños evitados. Estos estudios son de gran interés para la planificación urbana. En base a dos climas y sistemas diferentes, se analizaron las rieras del Maresme (Catalunya) y un sistema verde implantado en Brasil. Desde una perspectiva metodológica, los estudios de inundaciones aportan una discusión en el ámbito de las metodologías de ACV y en cómo abordar las consecuencias de las inundaciones desde un punto de vista integrador.
The growth of cities worldwide is associated with an increasing demand for sanitation and drainage infrastructure in the context of the water cycle. Combined with the effects of climate change, the situation of these systems in urban environments is critical. Part of the existing sewer networks require an imminent renovation, others must be constructed in developing areas, whereas stormwater runoff becomes a threat in terms of flooding because of the soil imperviousness. In this context, we must determine the best practices aimed at reducing these issues from an innovative environmental and economic viewpoint and at the same time adapt cities to climate change. In response to this demand, this dissertation assesses the eco-efficiency of urban sanitation and drainage systems to determine the best alternatives in different urban contexts. To this end, the industrial ecology framework is used by applying specific methods such as life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and eco-efficiency. This interdisciplinary research requires additional methods, such as statistical studies or field experimental analyses. The life cycle of sewers was widely analyzed and it was observed that pipe materials are not the only factors that determine the environmental impacts of a sewer constructive solution. In some cases, the trench might contribute to 80% of the environmental impacts of the construction phase, which is a relevant issue to consider in decision-making. Through a structural parametric study, we found the equivalent constructive solutions that generate the lowest environmental impact. Reducing the use of concrete or reusing the excavated soil might entail environmental improvements. On the other hand, the operation stage is challenging in the context of urban planning. The coastal city of Calafell (Spain, Mediterranean climate) was compared with the city of Betanzos (Spain, Atlantic climate). The location of Calafell’s wastewater treatment plant at a higher elevation than the city resulted in Calafell consuming more pumping energy (0.47 kWh/m3) than Betanzos (0.11 kWh/m3), where wastewater flows gravitationally. Additionally, gas emissions were found in the sewer through sampling campaigns. The largest emissions were mainly detected during the summer due to high temperature, and in turbulent areas of the sewer. Furthermore, through an eco-efficiency assessment, the environmental and economic results of a sewer’s life cycle were compared. Regardless of climate and urban form, results show that the operation stage generates the largest environmental impacts (up to 74%), whereas the installation (i.e., the trench) mostly contributes to the economic costs (70-75%). The infrastructure centralization versus decentralization debate was studied in an insular context (Minorca, Spain) with a tourist-related issues. It seems that a centralized scenario that connects the settlement to an existing treatment plant with a large treatment capacity is environmentally beneficial due to economies of scale. This scenario entails a 12% impact reduction with respect to partial decentralization through septic tanks, or 36% reduction with respect to treating seasonal wastewater at a constructed wetland. In general, results depend on the duration of the seasonal period. In the field of flood prevention, this thesis provides a new vision, as these are the first studies that integrate the avoided impacts of damage prevention into the environmental and economic effects of investing in preventive measures. These analyses are of interest in the framework of urban planning. Based on two different climates and systems, ephemeral streams in the Maresme region (Catalonia, Spain) and a green system implemented in Brazil were assessed. From a methodological perspective, flooding analyses provide some ideas in the field of LCA methods and discuss how to deal with the consequences of flooding from an integrated viewpoint.
Gebretsadik, Rahel Hadgu. "Statistical Analysis of Driver Behaviour and Eco-Driving model based on CAN bus Data." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28091.
Full textEik, Arne. "Eco-efficiency of waste management : A case study of the Norwegian deposit and recycling system for PET bottles." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-674.
Full textThe Norwegian system for depositing and recycling of PET bottles (Resirk/PET system)started in May 2000, and is based on Norsk Resirk's mission of improving cost- and environmental efficiency of this system. Has this been achieved? What can explain the changes that occurred in the system during recent years? I have found that the eco-efficiency of the Resirk/PET system increased considerably every year between 2000 and 2003. The net greenhouse gas (GHG emission was improved from -562 kg CO2e (562 kg CO2 equivalents avoided generated) for waste management of one tonne consumed bottles in 2000 to -1442 kg CO2e per tonne in 2003, while the net cost was reduced from 4062 €/tonne in 2000 to 2683 €/tonne in 2003. This eco-efficiency improvement was very much driven by the increased volume and return rate of PET bottles during this period. The environmental performance of the Resirk/PET system was high compared to other waste management systems for PET bottles, while the economical performance was considerably lower. The interactive development of the bottled non-carbonated mineral water Imsdal contributed significantly to the increase of the Resirk/PET system’s volume and return rate and hence the system’s improved eco-efficiency. A white spirit sabotage on Imsdal in August 2002 contributed to the development of Imsdal as well as the Resirk/PET system’s change of the design and material specification for participating PET bottles. By combining the quantitative eco efficiency framework with the qualitative framework of interactive resourced development, information about how much eco-efficiency of a defined system has changed, as well as an understanding of reasons for changes within the system, has been acquired. Such a combination should be possible to apply for analysis of other systems as well, and may be a valuable contribution to the field of industrial ecology since the methods complement each other in a fruitful way. The eco-efficiency of the Resirk/PET system can be improved further by:
- Regarding used PET bottles as a resource to be applied for production
- Reducing packaging tax for PET bottles
- Increasing the bottle deposit
- Keeping the PET specification updated
- Improving collection efficiency
- Improving cost efficiency of marketing and information
- Increasing compaction and filling degree of reverse vending machines
- Considering automatic sorting
- Keeping focus on producing high quality PET flakes.
In addition to having showed that the approaches of eco-efficiency and interactive resource development can be combined, this thesis may have implications on how ecoefficiency can be quantified in waste management systems, and how the concepts of adaptation and friction in resource structures are dealt with.
Dagiliūtė, Renata. "Analysis of changes in eco-efficiency of production and consumption in Lithuania during the 1990 – 2006 year period." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20081229_085241-15856.
Full textDarnios gamybos ir vartojimo siekimas, o tuo pačiu ir poveikio aplinkai atsiejimas nuo ekonomikos, yra vienas pagrindinių darnaus vystymosi tikslų pereinamosios ekonomikos šalims. Lietuva, kaip ir kitos posovietinės šalys, po Sovietų Sąjungos griūties paveldėjo imlų ištekliams ir neefektyvų ūkį. Ūkio restruktūrizavimas lėmė transformacinį ūkio nuosmukį ir jį sekusį išteklių naudojimo ir aplinkos teršimo sumažėjimą. Tačiau dabartinis spartus pereinamosios ekonomikos šalių, kurių dauguma jau tapo ES narėmis, augimas ir geresnės gyvenimo kokybės siekimas gali lemti didesnes medžiagų ir energijos sąnaudas, o tai savo ruožtu sąlygotų didėjantį poveikį aplinkai ir žmonių sveikatai išsiplėtusioje Europos Sąjungoje ir atsvertų kai kuriuos ES šalių senbuvių pasiekimus bei trukdytų pasiekti numatytus išteklių naudojimo atsiejimo nuo ekonomikos augimo tikslus. Darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti Lietuvos gamybos, vartojimo ir jų poveikio aplinkai kitimo tendencijas, ekologinio veiksmingumo pokyčius ir nustatyti jį lemiančius veiksnius. Ekologinio veiksmingumo bei poveikio aplinkai atsiejimo nuo ekonomikos augimo tyrimai Lietuvos mastu palyginti mažai vykdyti ir dažnai apsiriboja tik energetinių išteklių naudojimo veiksmingumo analize arba skirti tik atskiriems sektoriams. Darbe pateikiama dvigubo atsiejimo koncepcija, numatanti būtinybę atsieti gamtos išteklių naudojimą nuo ekonomikos augimo ir aplinkos teršimą nuo gamtos išteklių naudojimo bei sudaranti galimybes detaliau įvertinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Orság, Josef. "Analýza výstupních parametrů traktoru Zetor s různou konstrukcí převodovek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378006.
Full textKuokkanen, M. (Matti). "Development of an eco- and material-efficient pellet production chain—a chemical study." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526201047.
Full textTiivistelmä Vallitsevan EU:n sekä Suomen kansallisen lainsäädännön mukaan kaikenlainen jäte täytyy hyödyntää ensisijaisesti materiaalina (uudelleenkäyttö, kierrätys), toissijaisesti energiana ja jätehierarkiassa alimpana tasona on sen hävittäminen ympäristöystävällisin keinoin. Materiaalitehokkuus on nykyään välttämätön aihe edistettäessä luonnonvarojen, teollisuuden sivutuotteiden ja jätemateriaalien kestävää käyttöä. EU-strategian mukainen tavoite uusiutuvan energian osuudelle kaikesta energiantuotannosta Suomessa on 38 % vuoteen 2020 mennessä. Jopa 20 miljoonaa tonnia jätepuubiomassaa vuodessa jää käyttämättä Suomessa lähinnä metsänharvennustöiden yhteydessä, koska kysyntä ja tarjonta eivät kohtaa. Seurauksena korkeista lämpöenergiahinnoista, uhkaavasta ilmastonmuutoksesta, kasvihuoneilmiöstä sekä globaalisista ja kansallisista vaatimuksista lisätä uusiutuvan energian osuutta, Suomessa on viime aikoina noussut voimakas kiinnostus lisätä hajautettua pellettituotantoa suurten pellettilaitosten rinnalle. Väitöskirjan tarkoituksena on edistää ja kehittää pohjoismaista eko- ja kustannustehokasta puupellettituotantoa ja pellettibiotuhkan hyötykäyttöä kemiallisen tutkimuksen avulla. Käyttäen suomalaista puuta (sahanpurua ja kutterinlastua) malliraaka-aineina, tässä tutkimuksessa testattiin pilot-mittakaavan pellettilaitoksen toimivuutta yhdistettynä laajaan kemialliseen ”työpakettiin”, edistämään tulevaisuuden eko-, materiaali- ja kustannustehokkaan pellettituotantoketjun kehittämistä. Kemiallinen työpaketti sisältää kosteuden, tiheyden, lämpöarvon, mekaanisen kestävyyden ja partikkelikokojakauman määritykset, TG- ja alkuaineanalyysin, kuten myös uudet sovellukset pellettien ja niiden sideaineiden biohajoavuuden määrittämiseksi BOD OxiTop -laitteistoilla sekä optisen mikroskooppivärjäysmenetelmän. Pellettien laadun kohottamiseksi, ottaen huomioon myös tuotannon kannattavuuden ja työterveydelliset ongelmat (puupölylle altistuminen, tulipalo- ja räjähdysvaara), on perusteltua käyttää sideaineita, erityisesti teollisuuden sivutuotteita ja paikallisesti hyödynnettävissä olevia jätemateriaaleja. Täten lignosulfonaattia, jäteperunajauhoa ja perunankuorijätettä käytettiin ja testattiin liimaavina mallisideaineina. Tulokset osoittivat, että sideaineet nostivat pellettien laatua ja muuttivat niiden epäorgaanisia ominaisuuksia, mutta niillä ei ollut merkittävää vaikutusta määritettyihin lämpöarvoihin. Lignosulfonaatti lisäsi selvästi pelletoinnin tuotantonopeutta. Työssä kehitettiin pelleteille uusi spesifinen optinen mikroskooppivärjäysmenetelmä erilaisten tärkkelystä sisältävien sideaineiden karakterisointiin ja ensimmäiset tulokset on esitetty tässä väitöskirjassa. Puupellettituhka on potentiaalinen kalkitus- ja maanparannusaineena, lannoitteena sekä rakeistettuna uusissa sovelluksissa, kuten tierakentamisessa ja jäteveden puhdistuksessa. Arvokas informaatio raaka-aineista, sideaineista sekä pelletöintiprosessista on välttämätöntä kehitettäessä tulevaisuudessa hyvälaatuisia pellettejä, ”priimaa” biopolttoainetta, hyödyntämättömästä huonolaatuisesta ja/tai kosteasta biomassasta, joka on ennen pelletointia käynyt läpi kustannustehokkaan kuivausprosessin. Täten voidaan olennaisesti lisätä pellettituotannon merkitystä energiapolitiikassa, erityisesti Euroopan metsävyöhykkeellä
Lee, Ren-Jun, and 李仁雋. "The correlation of eco-efficiency, eco-innovation and financial performance." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00914757812501891657.
Full text淡江大學
會計學系碩士班
100
This study adds new insights to analyses the correlation of environmental performance, eco-innovation and financial performance by focusing on the concept of eco-efficiency from 2006 to 2008. We report that eco-efficiency relates positively to operating performance and market value. Moreover, our results suggest that eco-innovation play an important role to moderate the relation between eco-efficiency and financial performance. On the same level of eco-efficiency, high environmental innovation enterprises compared to the low environmental innovation trend have better financial performance. We believe the results of this paper have implications for both managers and investors. Managers do not have to overcome a tradeoff between eco-efficiency and financial performance. Investment in eco-innovation exist its value. And for investors, who can exploit environmental information for investment decisions. For investors, eco-efficiency is a potential source of information that helps them generate superior excess returns. An important avenue for further research would be find a better way to measure environmental performance construct on the concept of eco-efficiency. This paper proposes many methods to measure eco-efficiency and try to supply a general conclusion.
ThanhLe, Tam Thi, and 黎氏清心. "Evaluation of Eco-efficiency for Roadways." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96804504932699594408.
Full text國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
101
In the new trend of sustainable development, eco-efficiency, which is a description of interaction between environment and economy, has emerged as an indicator used for assessing sustainability of products or processes. The aggregation of eco-efficiency indicators is needed to implement the synthesis of existing indicators and to help highlight the significance of eco-efficiency data. The aim of this study is to develop aggregated eco-efficiency indicators (based on an eco-efficiency analysis method called BASF) of roadways by using a highway project as a case. The aggregated eco-efficiency indicators are calculated and presented in ratios or two-dimension graph as eco-efficiency portfolios. It is useful to provide the results for comparison. The aggregated eco-efficiency indicators are compared at the project and its component levels for four stages of material production, construction, maintenance, and disposal/recycling. Among the four stages, disposal/recycling stage has the most eco-efficiency with ratio of 9.35 in the case roadway project, while material consumption is the least eco-efficient stage with ratio of 0.16. With regard to component level, the eco-efficiency of the pavement (17.83) is higher than that of the earthwork (4.39) and the bridges (4.9). The total eco-efficiency of the project is 12.27. Moreover, air emission and energy consumption indicators are assessed as the most dominant and the major reasons affecting eco-efficiency.
Zhang, Yuan-Hua, and 張淵華. "Optimization of LCA-based eco-efficiency." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43325435801310342248.
Full text明志科技大學
環境與資源工程研究所
102
Eco-efficiency (EE) is measured as the ratio between the value of what has been produced and the environmental impacts of the product or service. In this study, life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is an assessment method for environmental impacts, including of three tools, Eco-indicator 99, IMPACT 2002 and ReCiPe. The optimization of EE is reaching to "move towards to the maximum environmental improvement, in the meantime get the minimum cost ".In this study, it is applied to a real example of environmental impact assessment(EIA). When EIA committee recommends the development units to promise to improve environment and reduce pollution, an important problem emerge out.How to choose the best pollution reduction strategy based on the EE? In this study the linear programming (LP) and fuzzy linear programming (FLP) are used to be the tools of environmental improvement strategy for EE.LP of environmental improvement strategy is according to the rank of each pollutant EE factor, reducing pollution from high to low. But it does not consider the simultaneous improvement of each environmental impact categories.Therefore, only single environmental impact category is improved, for example climate change. Differently, FLP of environmental improvement strategy should simultaneously take into account all environmental impact categories for of maximum decrease satisfaction at first step. Then, according to EE factor ranks to reduce pollution from high to low. Furthermore, since the LCA assessment has many uncertainties (fuzzy and probability) may result in the chain reaction,therefore, this study also discusses the reciprocal effect of uncertainties in thisframework.
Lin, Chien-Ming, and 林建名. "Eco-efficiency Assessment for Automobile Industry." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17484663414088271410.
Full text國立臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
93
In the 21st Century environmental concerns become global one of most important issues. Business put their attention on their product and their green procurement processes. Customers are also more critical about the products that there are purchased. Green marketing and green consumption are more emphasized each day through business practice. Global business through supply chain green procurement processes requires make systemic changes to meet their competition in their markets. We need good Eco-efficiency information in order to evaluate such as clean production technology adaptation, compute products’ Eco-efficiency as well as future investment decisions among others. This paper based on the concept of “Eco-efficiency” framework, to evaluate both the economic performance and the environmental performance of Automobile Industry. This study consists of literature review, data research, and case study to reveal and understand the status of Eco-efficiency development, current status and future development. This research also provides systematic thinking for Eco-efficiency and construct Automobile Industry Eco-efficiency indicator. Taiwan Kuozui Motors (Toyota) were selected for the case study. The study shows the following results: The eco-efficiency ratios calculated from the data provided by the company showed that these ratios could be used for companies to track their performance and to set the priority with TPS (Toyota Production System) for future improvement, as well as to be the internal and external communication tool.
MinhTruc, Huynh Thi, and 田允佳. "Eco-efficiency analysis for roadway projects." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66475846034974482175.
Full text國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
100
A prerequisite to project-level sustainability appraisal is to develop indicators. The eco-efficiency indicator is recognized as an effective tool to measure sustainability. This study derived indicators to measure eco-efficiency at project and component levels during the roadway life cycle. Conventional cost and environmental cost are two economic performance metrics adopted. Environmental management accounting (EMA) approach is used to identify environmental costs for the roadway project and its components of earthwork, pavement and bridges. For eco-efficiency analysis, conventional cost over energy consumption and conventional cost over GHG emissions are the two most prominent indicators to assess eco-efficiency in the material production stage, whereas conventional cost over solid waste is the most prominent in the disposal/recycling stage. Conventional cost over material consumption is the most prominent in construction and maintenance stages at the levels of project, pavement, and bridges. Conventional cost over energy consumption and conventional cost over GHG emissions are appropriate for earthwork’s construction stage. The data from Hanoi-Langson (HL) highway project in Vietnam were used to calculate economic performance, environmental impacts and eco-efficiency. In the four stages, HL highway maintenance spent the largest conventional cost per unit of materials (US$114/ton of materials), energy (US$352/GJ), GHG emissions (US$5,099/ton-CO2e), and solid waste (US$12,426/ton of waste). HL highway’s pavement achieved better eco-efficiency than bridges in the material production, construction and maintenance stages.
XuanTruong, Vu, and 傅廣強. "Eco-efficiency analysis for green buildings." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82764557306326497552.
Full text國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
100
The green building isa revolution in the construction industry in recent years. The concerns of green buildings are the environmental impacts and economic benefits to the human world. Eco-efficiency integrates the two concerns as one indicator to assess the greenness and economic efficiency for buildings. This research developed the eco-efficiency indicators for green buildings. Four environmental impacts are energy, water, waste and recycle and CO2 emissions. Four economic costs of design, construction, operation and green are the economic components. From analyzing the characteristics of buildings, three prominent indicators are determined: (1) construction cost/energy consumption, (2) operation cost/CO2 emissions, and (3) green cost/CO2 emissionsreduction. Eco-efficiency calculations were performed from the data of 9 LEED buildings. The first two indicators point out different strategy options for the ‘greenness” of buildings. For example, higher construction cost maybe for the platinum buildings resultin higher value of construction cost/energy;the lower operation costforagreener building brings smallervalue of operation cost/CO¬2. The values of eco-efficiency can be increased or decreased to mean better performance. In the third indicator, with lower green costs, the certified buildings have the best eco-efficiency in CO2 emissions reduction. Although the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of LEED gold buildings are smaller, the green cost of these buildings is much higher. Therefore, the gold building’s eco-efficiency is not better than those with lower certified levels.
AlinAditya and 艾漓恩. "Eco-efficiency Indicators for Construction Companies." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97151184813932633288.
Full text國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
100
Sustainable development is one considerable issue in many industrial sectors. Eco-efficiency is a tool that can help companies to measure sustainability. This study derived eco-efficiency indicators to measure eco-efficiency for construction companies. Economic and environmental performance disclosures (the two components of eco-efficiency) from the CSR reports of eight construction companies were adopted to develop eco-efficiency indicators. 20 possible eco-efficiency indicators were derived for construction companies, but the number of indicators needs to be reduced to see more prominent ones. This selection is made clearer by comparing the indicators between manufacturing and construction companies. The prominent eco-efficiency indicators for construction companies are revenue, cost of sales, and environmental investments as economic performance, and energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and waste disposal as environmental impact. The developed indicators were analyzed to evaluate the eco-efficiency for contractors, developers, and material suppliers. Comparing the eco-efficiency values of the three types of companies, the contractor has the largest value in revenue/CO2 emissions with US$522,111 per ton CO2 eq; the developer and material supplier have the largest values in revenue/waste disposal with US$89,353 and US$43,681 per waste disposal. Eco-efficiency indicators provide another aspect to look at sustainability. Construction companies can benefit from pursuing environmental performance without losing track of cost expenditures.
Sin-PinChen and 陳欣品. "Eco-efficiency of Rural Community Land Readjustment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93b4gp.
Full text待 and 陳念平. "Evaluations of Eco-efficiency and Business Sustainable Development." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28791540551418782815.
Full text國立中興大學
資源管理研究所
87
This study intends to investigate methodologically the definition and implementation of a novel management concept -- eco-efficiency. The major research tasks include review of related literature, theoretical study of eco-efficiency from the aspects of economics, a survey of existing case studies, and discussion of the implementation. In this study, we development the definition of marginal rate of "eco" substation (MRES) from the viewpoints of Pareto optimality among economic, social welfare, and environmental protection. As a result, we look forward to the further development and implementation of the innovative management thinking that incorporates sustainability into business administration.
Yeh, Li-Chuan, and 葉利全. "Building the Eco-efficiency Indicators of Steel Industry." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35486121305750228835.
Full text中興大學
環境工程學系所
95
Ecological Industry is the inevitable way to accomplish sustainable development for industry. Besides utilizing resources and energy best outside through the industry, the goal to best use resources and energy by utilizing the network with resources and energy circulation among industries should be the greatest common understanding among industries and environmental protection. This research tries to use five indicators to evaluate the ecological performance of steel industry and use this assessment to be the basis of self assessment for the steel industry. Those indicators are Best Available Technology, resources and energy utilizing indicator, pollutant indicator, recycle indicator, and environmental management etc. This assessment can help maximizing three things during steel production, i.e., maximizing the resources usage reduction, circulation and reuse (also includes effective usage of resources), and the waste discharge & recycling. Through resource, environment, and ecological cycle viewpoint, wish that all walks of life knows that steel industry plays an important role in the industrial ecology cycle within the whole society. Thus all walks of life will re-recognize what kind of social economical role which steel industry plays.
Lee, Hsiu-Mei, and 李秀美. "Environmental Activities and Urban Sustainable Development -Eco-efficiency analysis." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62560587612003344299.
Full text淡江大學
會計學系碩士在職專班
99
Recently in response to global public opinion, global environmental trend and international market requirement, carbon reduction and energy saving has become the focus of global concern, forming a model in the adjustment and transformation of consumption and production pattern for other countries. The purpose of many cities implementing environmental policies aims to achieve sustainable development while creating value and reducing impacts on the environment at the same time. Facing with global climate change challenges, nations over the world have proposed the vision of zero-carbon eco-city. Many large cities also expand alliance and the market foundation for green buildings and green industries. Many cities in Taiwan also realize their responsibilities and take initiatives in actions to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The “Sustainable Development and Strategic Planning Report" proposed by most counties and cities emphasize on the 3 dimensions, environment and ecology, society and economics, for corresponding sustainable management policies. The study probes into the environmental protection events and city sustainable development from the perspective of eco-efficiency. The purpose of ecosystem and environment refers to the economic value of maximized product and currently the minimized environmental impacts. To discuss the impact assessment on the carbon emission from all counties and cities under the governmental advocacy activities for energy saving and carbon reduction, the study conducted Data Envelopment Analysis in the assessment, using year 2008 and year 2009 as the longitude and the 25 countries and cities of Taiwan as the latitudes, to propose the direction and range for improvement between input and output, as well as examining the consistence between benchmark counties and cities with excellent performance and the efficiency of advocacy activities for environmental protection. It is expected to provide advocacy efficiency for improvement to counties and cities through the empirical analysis and results from Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and slack Variable and thereby to make contributions to the sustainable development and objectives of the city.