Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Échange d'informations de santé'
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Dufrenne, Julien. "Dématérialisation des échanges d'informations entre médecins : la messagerie sécurisée de santé utilisée par les médecins généralistes." Antilles-Guyane, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGUY0414.
Full textThis doctoral thesis draws the first inventory of electronic medical data exchanges among French GPs. The literature review conducted on the digitalization of medical exchanges reveals the benefits and challenges of widespread use of Secured Health Emailing (SHE). Statistical works show the distribution of SHE solutions used by general GPs in 2008 and the precise inventory of the most used SHE in 2010 : Apicrypt. Ln 2008, only 20% of GPs used an SHE or equivalent solution; 73% of those users secure messages via Apicrypt ; 30% of medical electronic data exchanges among French GPs is NOT secured. The widespread availability of SHE among physicians brings many advantages : saving about 3h/week administrative tasks, securit monitoring of patients by reducing medical errors, enhanced coordination between hospital and liberal healthcare. It will eventuall allow the dissemination of e-prescribing, and the exchange of medical data needed to complete the EMR. After 14 years of existence, the SHE has not been generalized by Health Policies. Physicians unknow the benefits of its use. In 2007, 20% of GPs did not have internet connection in their office. Changes leading up to membership and use of ICTs in the medical population, are cornplex. The financial and human ressources involved were not sufficient. Ln 2011,24% ofGPs are Apicrypt subscribers. This is the only SHE-consensus
Barets, Anne-Claire. "Informatisation et télétransmission des feuilles de soins électroniques en médecine générale." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M083.
Full textCarbonnel, François. "Évaluation des interventions numériques visant un changement de comportement de santé : un enjeu paradigmatique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30093/document.
Full textTo deal with the exponential increase of chronic diseases caused by health behavior (e.g., smoking, alcoholism, unhealthy eating, physical inactivity), non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) have become essential as a prevention tool and as a complement to treatments. Among these NPIs, behavioral intervention technologies (BIT) open up a promising field to a sustainable change in health behaviour (e.g., connected health devices, smartphone health apps, serious games). Beyond their ergonomics and their features, this thesis focuses on their evaluation in health, from their validation to their surveillance. The first study identifies the existing frameworks proposed around the world to evaluate these BITs and categorizes them, based on their underlying epistemological paradigm. The results show an exponential increase of these frameworks and a lack of consensus or convergence towards a common framework, as it had been the case for the drugs, by the end of the twentieth century. The second study is based on a systematic review used to identify 90 published interventional studies evaluating the benefits and the risks of digital solutions to fight against smoking. The results show that some BITs are effective against smoking but their effectiveness is based on a heterogeneous methodological corpus limiting the significance of the results produced. This heterogeneity is related to the inherent characteristics of the BITs (e.g., employed technologies and combination of technologies, multiplicity of the theories to change health behavior), to the chosen assessment methods (e.g., kind of control group, follow-up time) and to the chosen outcome measures (e.g., smoking reduction, smoking cessation). The discussion is focused on the current limitations to demonstrate the effectiveness and the risks of the BITs., due to parallel paradigmatic approaches, the biomedical paradigm, the engineering paradigm and the behavioral paradigm. The lack of consensus limits the comparability and the reproducibility of the results of the studies evaluating these BITs. Most of them are still gadgets, despite a promising potential, as predicted by the manufacturers. This thesis promotes the convergence to a consensual framework to determine the evidence-based benefits and risks of each BITs and introduces proposals to this effect
Fruchart, Mathilde. "Réutilisation des données de soins premiers : spécificités, standardisation et suivi de la prise en charge dans les Maisons de Santé Pluridisciplinaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS040.
Full textContext : Reusing healthcare data beyond its initial use helps to improve patient care, facilitate research, and optimize the management of healthcare organizations. To achieve this, data is extracted from healthcare software, transformed and stored in a data warehouse through an extract-transform-load(ETL) process. Common data models, such as the OMOP model, exist to store data in a homogeneous,source-independent format. Data from healthcare claims centralized in the national database (SNDS), hospital, social networks and forums, and primary care are different data sources representative of the patient care pathway. The last data source has not been fully exploited. Objective : The aim of this thesis was to incorporate the specificities of primary care data reuse to implement a data warehouse while highlighting the contribution of primary care to the field of research. Methods : The first step was to extract the primary care data of a multidisciplinary health center (MHC) from the WEDA care software. A primary care data warehouse was implemented using an ETL process. Structural transformation (harmonization of the database structure) and semantic transformation (harmonization of the vocabulary used in the data) were implemented to align the data with the common OMOP data model. A process generalization tool was developed to integrate general practitioners (GP) data from multiple care structures and tested on four MHCs. Subsequently, algorithm for assessing the persistence of a prescribed treatment and dashboards were developed. Thanks to the use of the OMOP model, these tools can be shared with other MHCs. Finally, retrospective studies were conducted on the diabetic population of the four MHCs. Results : Over a period of more than 20 years, data of 117,005 patients from four MHCs wereloaded into the OMOP model using our ETL process optimization tool. These data include biological results from laboratories and GP consultation data. The vocabulary specific to primary care was aligned with the standard concepts of the model. An algorithm for assessing persistence with treatment prescribed by the GP and also a dashboard for monitoring performance indicators (ROSP) and practice activity have been developed. Based on the data warehouses of four MHCs, we described the follow-up of diabetic patients. These studies use biological results, consultation and drug prescriptions data in OMOP format. The scripts of these studies and the tools developed can be shared. Conclusion : Primary care data represent a potential for reusing data for research purposes and improving the quality of care. They complement existing databases (hospital, national and social networks) by integrating clinical data from the city. The use of a common data model facilitates the development of tools and the conduct of studies, while enabling their sharing. Studies can be replicated in different centers to compare results
Aïdara, Adjaratou Wakha. "Qualité des systèmes d'informations appliqués à la cariologie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10154.
Full textThe caries process concerns all toothed individuals. However, the frequency of caries varies between populations, between individuals and within the same individual over time. A world control of the incidence of caries is however accompanied by many restorations paradoxically growing exponentially. This high rate of coronary reconstruction and recurrent caries called a refinement of the detection and diagnosis in Cariology. Early carious lesions’ detection and the implementation of preventive measures is the new paradigm in dental public health. The decision-Making should be based on quality data, scientifically valid opinions and qualified expertise. At the various levels of decision correspond different needs for information in terms of form, content and availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability and relevance of the integration of ICDAS index in a database management system especially in the African region. The results will encourage african health systems to invest in research on evidence of effectiveness and cost-Effectiveness of the use of quality information system in the process of political decision-Making and facilitate the emergence of a new paradigm that combines and articulates research policy and practice for the exchange and the application of knowledge
Belkhelladi, Kamel. "Stratégies d'échange d'informations dans un système de calcul distribué pour l'optimisation des problèmes combinatoires." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00492993.
Full textZouinar, Moustapha. "Contribution à l'étude de la coopération et du partage d'informations contextuelles dans les environnements de travail complexes." Paris, CNAM, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2001CNAM0368.
Full textGueret, Christophe. "Navigateurs internet intelligents : algorithmes de fourmis artificielles pour la diffusion d'informations dans un réseau P2P." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR4020.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose the architecture PIAF (Personnal Intelligent Framework Agent) whose objective is to provide users with an environment of nonintrusive, autonomous and general-purpose exchange of information. The problems of diffusion of information between users and optimization of the network's topology are approached with an algorithm using artificial ants. The use of artificial pheromones deposited on connections between peers at the time of the transfers authorizes the constitution of a global memory of the exchanges and the detection of centers of shared centers of interests. Comparatively with the existing solutions, the advantage of our algorithm is to free the user from the definition of profiles. This last needs neither to subscribe with diffusion channel nor to define its centers of interests to be able to exchange information
Cossette, Guylaine. "Étude comparative dans les sources d'informations utilisées par les planificateurs de voyage lors du choix d'un centre de santé." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4023/1/000104400.pdf.
Full textRezgui, Yacine. "Intégration des systèmes d'informations techniques pour l'exploitation des ouvrages." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523175.
Full textBenmahdi-Gombert, David. "Dispositif socio-technique d'information et de communication épistémique (DISTICE) : de l'élaboration communautaire d'informations vers la construction collaborative d'un dispositif de gestion de connaissances." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083225.
Full textAs the paradigms of Information and Communication Sciences evolve towards those of Knowing Society, the relation between individuals, society and ICT needs to be reassessed in a context of knowing. Within this framework, this dissertation aims at contributing to the development of the field of knowing management. I attempt to define a new model of information transmission and circulation, using a constructivist, social and instrumental approach of information exchanges. This new model integrates the mechanisms of social interaction in the transmission and creation of knowledge within the processes of knowledge management, learning and epistemic exchanges. In this perspective, the digital habitats, built using ICT, are viewed as participating elements in creating social and semiotic mediation spaces promoting the individual and collective dynamics of knowing management. This research dissertation thus contributes to the debates trying to go from a positivist to an anthropo-phenomenological definition of knowledge. Lastly, through a new analysis of the knowledge management systems, this dissertation enriches the debates on the elaboration of conceptual tools within the framework of "sociétés du savoir" (UNESCO, 2005) and contributes to exploring new research trails in ICS. This body of work is to be viewed as part of the great humanistic debate to define new paths for the construction of "knowing communities", integrating the cultural diversities and the contingent specificities of their components
Rezgui, Yacine. "Intégration des systèmes d'informations techniques pour l'exploitation des ouvrages." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9421.
Full textThe handling and management of a construction project information through its life cycle require to impose order and structure in the data description. The latter is intended for both project actor and computer use. It is therefore expressed in an appropriate language whose neutral aspect enables the inter-operability and the sharing of computer-based information within an open software infrastructure. This approach improves the communication, relevance and effectiveness of the information flow between the actors. This building structure description is commonly called a « data model ». The document is the traditional support of an enginering project description. It constitutes the conceptual and the regulation basis for any enginering process. The deep analysis of the documents produced within a project life cycle emphasises the importance and the relevance o their legal and specification aspects as indicated by the full specification document « CCTP ». The CCTP is one of the essential documents issued from the detailed design stage. It distinguishes by the volume and the relevancy of its content : it defines the particular conditions for the execution of the works and thus completes their description made through the technical drawings. The consultation of the contractors imposes the decomposition of the construction tasks info work packages. The main consequences of such approach concerns the management and the coordination of the works realization in conjonction with the other work packages. All these details should be rigorously handled. Thus, the participant main worry is to be able to produce at the right moment a detailed full specification compatible with the ones previously generated and reflecting the real description of the construction project, provided by a building data model. This thesis demonstrates th feasibility of the generation of project documents via a date model supporting the physical, formal and performative description of a construction project. It consists of propsing a document logical structure, which is used to derive the Document Type Definition (DTD) of the CCTP according to the SGML language. The DTD elements are instanciated in order to produce a marked version of the CCTP. This approach enables the generation of the contents, the references list and the hypertext links. Moreover, we propose an association model through which building data model concepts are indexed to the documentary items of the marked CCTP. The project applied CCTP is then produced thanks to the instances of the association model in consideration of which the internal and external coherency of the CCTP is achieved. This approach insures a high quality of the full specifications documents of a projects and contributes to diminish the mistakes and errors due to the complexity of the design/construction/maintenance process. We finaly propose a generalisation of this approach to any project document
Vallée, Julie. "Urbanisation et santé à Vientiane (Laos) : les processus à l’origine des disparités spatiales de santé dans la ville." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00377209.
Full textSi cette ville abrite des phénomènes de santé spatialement différenciés, deux types de mécanismes peuvent l'expliquer. Le premier renvoie aux disparités socio-spatiales : les caractéristiques comme l'âge, le niveau d'éducation et le niveau de vie qui sont autant de facteurs de risque, ne sont en effet pas réparties de façon aléatoire à Vientiane. Néanmoins, il serait approximatif d'interpréter les disparités spatiales de santé comme le reflet des disparités socio-spatiales alors que celles-ci restent de faible ampleur à Vientiane en ce début de XXIème siècle. De fait, un second type de mécanisme participe activement à l'inégale répartition des problèmes de santé dans cette ville : les habitants, au-delà de leurs caractéristiques propres, sont d'autant plus touchés par le diabète, l'hypertension, le surpoids et l'obésité et d'autant moins touchés par l'anémie, la maigreur et le retard de croissance qu'ils résident dans un village plus urbanisé. La santé des habitants de Vientiane est étroitement liée au niveau d'urbanisation de leur lieu de résidence parce que celui-ci influence leur mode de vie, c'est-à-dire leurs comportements (alimentaires, de soin, etc.) à travers les équipements qu'il présente et les normes sociales qu'il véhicule.
Bien qu'avérée, l'influence du lieu de résidence sur la santé ne doit pas être considérée comme opérant de façon identique sur tous les habitants de Vientiane : cette influence varie selon leur pratique et leur maîtrise de l'espace (c'est-à-dire leur capital spatial). Cette recherche souligne donc l'influence du lieu de résidence sur la santé des individus sans toutefois céder à un quelconque déterminisme géographique.
Bachotet, Sophie. "La libre circulation des produits vivants dans l'Union européenne." Dijon, 2002. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/57b6d9e6-774a-43d2-8237-12c62ef605f5.
Full textHermann-Lassabe, Pascale. "La maitrise de la zone d'échange marketing-rd au sein d'un projet d'innovation technologique. Proposition d'une méthodologie de diagnostic : DIAZE (DIAgnostic de la Zone D'Echange Marketing-Développement)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1991_HERMANN_LASSABE_P.pdf.
Full textThe lack of commWlication between a company's departments. In particular between Marketing and Research Q1l Deve10pment (R & D) represents a major obstacle to the technological innovation. An essential element in company's competitiveness. Our objective is to achieve more effective control of marketing-R & D interactio by deve10ping a diagnosis methodology of the ZEMADE (MArketing - DEve10pment interaction Zone) : DIAZ which is made up of three parts: a theoretical representation model. An implementation methodology. And concrete application of the tool. The analyse of this interaction zone. Not only in well structured departmen within a company. But also at the leveZ of "inter-organisational configurations" bringing together companie research laboratories. Individuals and other bodies leads us to consider the technical innovation project as the lUI of analysis. Then we base the theoretical (oundations of DIAZE on an evaluation of the correlation betwe~ marketing - R & D interaction needs within a project (needs generated by the project itself. And by tho involved spëcifically in marketing and R & D). And the characteristics of the interaction achieved by the meQ4 available in the ZEMADE. Needs and characteristics are both defined according to the same set of criteria fi evaluating the effectiveness of marketing - R & D interaction. An analysis of the activities carried out in I, ZEMADE (information exchange. Coordination of the people involved. And management of customer-suppli relations) allows us to define these criteria. We then deve10p an implementation procedure (or the diagnosl, Finally we demonstrate the pratical interest of the prototype diagnosis tool developed. This is illustra te throughout our study. By examples of variables and relations between these variables. Taken from vario industriàl cases and also by the details of the application of the 1001 to three technological innovations projects
Ginon, Emilie. "Apports des mesures de consentement à payer dans l'étude de l'acceptabilité de produits alimentaires bénéficiant d'informations nutritionnelles." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00698834.
Full textKrikorian, Gaëlle. "La propriété ou la vie ? : économies morales, actions collectives et politiques du médicament dans la négociation d'accords de libre-échange : Maroc, Thaïlande, États-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0035.
Full textAt the beginning of the years 2000, the United States of America launch a séries of negotiation for bilatéral trade agreements. The issue of intellectual property and of its impact on access to medicines, raised during previous multilatéral negotiations at the WTO, corne to the surface again, under the pressure of an AIDS épidémie still expending. Based on field work conducted in three countries, the United States of America, Morocco and Thailand, I propose a sociological analysis of the way health and access to medicines are taken into account in the context of the negotiations of Free Trade Agreements. Thèse negotiations, taken here as a stratégie site to study processes of the current globalization, are the scène of the expression of a conflict between defenders of access to medicines and promoters of intellectual property. The démonstration of the complexity of the interactions between social actors shows that the issue can not be reduced to the unequivocal imposition of norms and rules by the United States of America : it is on the contrary the result of power relations and influences, always embedded into spécifie contexts. The historicisation of the conflict and its analysis through the use of the tools provided by the sociology of social movements demonstrate that it reflects the deployment of two mirror non governmental collective actions aiming at opposite goals and looking at influencing the production of State's positions and politics. Beyond the purely materialistic dimension of the impossibility of populations in poor countries to access the medicines that they need, collective actions resort on moral motives to articulate politically their demands. A compétition between moral économies develops locally as well as globally ; it characterizes a contemporary way to do politics
Terrazzoni, Laurent. "Infractions routières et situations d'extranéité." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3005.
Full textFighting to achieve road safety has been a top national priority since 2002. It has led to the so-called « zero-tolerance » policy with highway code delinquents and traffic offenders. This repression which is both administrative and penal may however prove problematic should the offence bear an extraneous aspect, when it is committed by a driver with a foreign driving licence or when the vehicle was registered abroad. That such offences never or quasi-never be punished besides the consequences on road safety, gives rise to a deep feeling of inequality particularly in cross-border areas and therefore calls for new answers. Administratively speaking, the new answers lie, among other things, in a widening of the cross-border range of administrative measures, but also in developing a driving licence with a penalty point system specific to the EU. Penally speaking such new answers suppose a closer cooperation among states so as to be able to identify vehicle owners should the vehicle fail to be intercepted by the police. Introducing automated control systems of road traffic requires that states and the EU increase cross-border information exchange
Bastard, Irène. "De proches en pages, de pages en proches : Exploration et réception des informations en ligne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0064.
Full textWhy do people post news on Facebook? What does a post mean compared to other forms ofexpression? And how does this activity contribute to media appropriation? This research focuses on sharing news, meaning an online interaction which uses information. This activity seems to be the social solution to supporting a person's online exploration. “Who shares what with whom?” is the question asked in this research through multiple approaches, both qualitative and quantitative. The first part is an exploration of online artefacts, counts of what media was shared online, and a few interviews. These diverse points of view show that sharing news enhances public expression of information, but only for some users. Sharing news is a limited part of online media consumption and online interaction. The second part of the research looks in detail at teenagers’ practices on Facebook. For young people on Facebook, all expression has to be social and online artefacts are a way to tell somebody one's position on an issue or on a relationship. News may be there to open interactions. The last part of the research deals with a large dataset of individual Facebook data, available thanks to Algopol Application. Analysis of the diversity of publications shows that the news people share online takes into account their offline media preferences and social activities. Sharing news is an online way of expression based on informations’ reception
Talbioui, Adile. "Enjeux et conséquences de l'application de la directive européenne sur la fiscalité de l'épargne au Luxembourg." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1109/document.
Full textCatherine, Aurore. "Pouvoir du médecin et droits du patient : l'évolution de la relation médicale." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN0097.
Full textThe doctor-patient relationship has evolved according to medical progress mainly over the last century. This evolution was shown in interpersonal relations between doctor and patient through the emancipation of the latter claiming to be predominant in handling his or her illness and to a large extent his or her body. The demands towards the physician have increased in terms of autonomy and more specifically in relation to decision power. From a legal point of view, this evolution was shown in an a priori significant readjustment of the doctor-patient relationship. The recognition of doctors’ increasingly important obligations within a contractual framework as well as the legislative intervention that highlights the rights of the patient are in line with a reduction of the doctor’s power traditionally characterized as paternalism. The modification of the legal settlement of this relationship shows that the authorities want to change or at least reduce the imbalance inherent in the doctor-patient relationship. Indeed, this relationship is not contractual anymore: it has been statutory since the Kouchner Law of March 4th, 2002. However, a more accurate analysis of the case law and acts would show a completely different reality, excessively reasserting the value of the doctor’s power. Indeed, this power has conversely been reinforced through legal registration, thus legitimating a certain number of medical practices. The request of the physician by the authorities within the framework of economic and health public order preservation has contributed to reinforce his or her authority in the different social spheres
Tison, Isabelle. "L' autorisation de mise sur le marché des produits à risque pour la santé publique ou l'environnement en droit de l'Union Européenne : étude réglementaire et contentieuse." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS010S.
Full textIn the absence of harmonization, Member States are authorized to prohibit or restrict the free movement of products presenting a risk to public health or to the environment such as drugs, GMOs, or plant protection products. To overcome this antagonism between freedom of movement and risk to public health or environment, the Community has followed different paths, often simultaneously : harmonization of conditions of risk assessment and issuance of national marketing authorizations, centralized authorization procedures at EU level, mutual recognition of national authorizations. This policy generally has succeeded in regard to drugs, and, to some extent, plant protection products. It is a failure in the case of GMOs, as many Member States refuse GM crops still authorised in their territory, in defiance of Community law
Bussières, Ève-Line. "Stress maternel prénatal et développement précoce : données de naissance, attention et sécrétion cortisolaire à trois mois : association entre le stress maternel prénatal, l'âge gestationnel et le poids de naissance du bébé : une méta-analyse d'études prospectives : association entre le stress maternel prénatal, l'attention/éveil et la sécrétion cortisolaire de l'enfant à trois mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29070/29070.pdf.
Full textDenquin, Sylvie. "Les coopérations interprofessionnelles en cancérologie : analyse d'un réseau régional de spécialistes au niveau local." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50377-2007-1.pdf.
Full textBastard, Irène. "De proches en pages, de pages en proches : Exploration et réception des informations en ligne." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0064/document.
Full textWhy do people post news on Facebook? What does a post mean compared to other forms ofexpression? And how does this activity contribute to media appropriation? This research focuses on sharing news, meaning an online interaction which uses information. This activity seems to be the social solution to supporting a person's online exploration. “Who shares what with whom?” is the question asked in this research through multiple approaches, both qualitative and quantitative. The first part is an exploration of online artefacts, counts of what media was shared online, and a few interviews. These diverse points of view show that sharing news enhances public expression of information, but only for some users. Sharing news is a limited part of online media consumption and online interaction. The second part of the research looks in detail at teenagers’ practices on Facebook. For young people on Facebook, all expression has to be social and online artefacts are a way to tell somebody one's position on an issue or on a relationship. News may be there to open interactions. The last part of the research deals with a large dataset of individual Facebook data, available thanks to Algopol Application. Analysis of the diversity of publications shows that the news people share online takes into account their offline media preferences and social activities. Sharing news is an online way of expression based on informations’ reception
Breton-Rahali, Céline. "Le secret professionnel et l’action médico-sociale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0355.
Full textProfessional confidentiality, understood as the obligation not to reveal certain information, is the subject of a number of exceptions. Its study within the particular context of specialised institutions reveals a number of issues. First, professionals working together from different disciplines are each subject to a different patchwork of applicable standards. As a result, it is necessary to clarify these rules, both within the interests of professionals and health-care users. Second, the effectiveness of patient care requires coordination between different professionals based upon shared confidentiality within the same department or health-care centre. Collaboration between professionals is an issue not only affecting the quality of care but also one of economics which allows for the effective management of the supply of health and social care within a given area. As a major challenge of public health policy, such coordination provokes a consideration of the adaptation of the existing legal framework and that of the organisation of the means of sharing confidential patient information within the health care system as a whole for both medical and social care services. This thesis makes a proposal for the necessary amendments to the current legislative framework for derogating from the general principle of confidentiality to allow for an exchange of information between professionals involved in the care of a patient. The evolution of shared confidentiality for the benefit of the patient requires an emphasis upon determining the most highly protective regime for patients without compromising the reality – and constraints – of providing effective health care
Laumonier, Alexandre. "La coopération fiscale entre Etats dans la lutte contre la fraude et l'évasion fiscales internationales." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0762.
Full textTax fraud and tax avoidance are as old as tax itself. Economy’s globalisation and digitalazation have however confronted States with the limitations of their tax power that remains dependant on their territorial boundaries. More recently, the 2007-2008 financial crisis has drawn the attention of the public opinion on the extent of international tax fraud and avoidance as well as on the key role tax heavens play in this frame. The traditional and conventional legal tools States can use have reached their limits in the field of detection of potential risky tax’s situations, exchange of information as well as collection assistance. Some States are willing to revive, on an worldwide level, the international tax cooperation, so as to curb massive budgetary losses they either undergo or consent to. These measures, which are based on « soft law » or on real right rules, are lead by the OECD and the European Union in order to face two main purposes. The first one deals with tax transparency whereas the second one tackles with base erosion and profit shifting towards States and territories with low or nil tax levels. The analysis of these attempts to amend international tax rules leads up to question about the used methods, the regulation’s content and their perspectives. While facing the lacks of « tax nationalism », it is necessary to wonder about the relevancy of globalising taxes themselves through both their basis and their rates
Do, Cabo Notaroberto Barbosa Hermano Antonio. "Les échanges internationaux de renseignements fiscaux : recherches sur un paradigme fiscal limité." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020086.
Full textInternational co-operation through the exchange of tax information, a classical but marginal issue, has been renewed to become one of the most sensitive subjects of international tax law. Despite all the political and legal efforts made in recent years, and despite the fact that these efforts are real advances in legal technology and administrative efficiency, there are reasons to believe that international tax co-operation still faces different limitations to operate in a worldwide level. This thesis aims to identify the existence of a general legal regime for the exchange of tax information, fairly homogenous in terms of content and application, in view of the main non-EU normative models available nowadays, including those of automatic exchange. Afterwards, the thesis examines the scope of this general regime in order to frame limits to the exchange of tax information and to propose legal solutions to overcome them
Rioux-Pelletier, Marie-Ève. "Les dynamiques de la diffusion d'informations sur les pesticides et leurs effets sur la santé dans une communauté du Costa Rica." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2236/1/M10957.pdf.
Full textPelletier, Catherine. "Les répercussions du DR-CAFTA sur l'accès aux médicaments et la santé des populations au Guatemala : la perspective d'acteurs clefs." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8088.
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Full textDespite the important role played by healthy behaviours during pregnancy, and their health implications for both mother and baby, several studies have highlighted that health information needs of low-income and ethnic minority pregnant women have not been met. Thus, the information-seeking behaviour of low-income pregnant Maghrebian women has been studied in this thesis by using the Engel, Kollat and Blackwell (EKB) model. The main objective of this thesis’s research is to explore information-seeking behaviours regarding nutrition-related topics during pregnancy in order to determine whether decisional processes regarding information-seeking behaviour differ among primigravid and secundigravid women. This thesis proposes four specific research questions aiming at the exploration of individual and environmental factors likely to influence the active information-seeking behaviour, the type of information and the sources from which such information is collected. Data has been collected among 28 low-income voluntary women (14 primigravid and 14 secundigravid) mainly referred by the Montreal Diet Dispensary between August 2010 and 2011. Semi-structured interviews lasting 60 to 90 minutes were conducted by the doctoral student. Data were analyzed using content analysis with NVivo software. On one hand, individual factors likely to influence the active information-seeking behaviour have been found to be: the ideological examination of pregnancy, presence of pregnancy discomforts, perception of conflicting information from providers, perceived adequacy of received nutrition information, perceived sufficiency of information, body weight changes, recognition of the baby’s well-being, attitudes toward prenatal supplementation, importance given to healthy eating, and motivation to learn. On the other hand, environmental factors likely to influence the active information-seeking behaviour have been identified to be: culture (eating habits, food beliefs, religious beliefs, loss of cultural markers regarding health care and counseling during pregnancy) and interactions with individuals from the social environment. Significant information sources consulted by primigravid women for topics regarding prenatal nutrition were as follows: the registered dietitian, mother, friends, husband, and Internet. For secundigravid women, significant information sources were as follows: the dietitian, doctor, friends and husband. A significant professional information source, both for primigravid and secundigravid women, about prenatal vitamin and mineral supplementation and pregnancy weight gain was the registered dietitian. Internet was a significant public information source from which primigravid women got information regarding prenatal nutrition-related topics. Few women reported having received, during their follow-up examinations, professional information related to food safety issues and risks of gaining too much weight during pregnancy. Overall, results presented in this thesis highlight the importance of improving communicating strategies in order to better address the information needs of low-income pregnant Maghrebian women. Results raise a number of questions with regards to improving the participation of professionals to prenatal education and their nutritional counseling. Moreover, results from this thesis suggest means to improve activity planning to better address the nutrition-related information needs of pregnant Maghrebian women during pregnancy. It would be useful for researchers to get involved in studies aimed at a better understanding of the information-seeking behaviour of expectant mothers from different cultural backgrounds regarding nutrition-related topics during pregnancy as well as the baby’s nutrition.