Academic literature on the topic 'Ecco: The Tides Of Time'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Subrahmanyam, Bulusu, V. S. N. Murty, and Sarah B. Hall. "Characteristics of Internal Tides from ECCO Salinity Estimates and Observations in the Bay of Bengal." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (July 10, 2023): 3474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143474.

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Internal waves (IWs) are generated in all the oceans, and their amplitudes are large, especially in regions that receive a large amount of freshwater from nearby rivers, which promote highly stratified waters. When barotropic tides encounter regions of shallow bottom-topography, internal tides (known as IWs of the tidal period) are generated and propagated along the pycnocline due to halocline or thermocline. In the North Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and the Andaman Sea receive a large volume of freshwater from major rivers and net precipitation during the summer monsoon. This study addresses the characteristics of internal tides in the BoB and Andaman Sea using NASA’s Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project’s high-resolution (1/48° and hourly) salinity estimates at 1 m depth (hereafter written as ECCO salinity) during September 2011–October 2012, time series of temperature, and salinity profiles from moored buoys. A comparison is made between ECCO salinity and NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) salinity and Aquarius salinity. The time series of ECCO salinity and observed salinity are subjected to bandpass filtering with an 11–14 h period and 22–26 h period to detect and estimate the characteristics of semi-diurnal and diurnal period internal tides. Our analysis reveals that the ECCO salinity captured well the surface imprints of diurnal period internal tide propagating through shallow pycnocline (~50 m depth) due to halocline, and the latter suppresses the impact of semi-diurnal period internal tide propagating at thermocline (~100 m depth) reaching the sea surface. The semi-diurnal (diurnal) period internal tides have their wavelengths and phase speeds increased (decreased) from the central Andaman Sea to the Sri Lanka coast. Propagation of diurnal period internal tide is dominant in the northern BoB and northern Andaman Sea.
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Wasmann, Karin A., Christianne J. Buskens, Willem A. Bemelman, Roel Hompes, Pieter J. Tanis, Geert R. A. M. D’Haens, Onur B. Dolmaci, et al. "Complications While Waiting for IBD Surgery—Short Report." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, no. 2 (August 12, 2019): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz143.

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Abstract Background and Aims While striving to meet the quality standards for oncological care, hospitals frequently prioritize oncological procedures, resulting in longer waiting times to surgery for benign diseases like inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The aim of this Short Report is to highlight the potential consequences of a longer interval to surgery for IBD patients. Methods The mean waiting times to elective surgery for IBD patients with active and inactive disease [e.g. pouch surgery after subtotal colectomy] at the Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, between 2013 and 2015 were compared with those for colorectal cancer surgery. Correlations between IBD waiting times and disease complications [e.g. >5% weight loss, abscess formation] and additional health-care consumption [e.g. telephone/outpatient clinic appointment, hospital admission] during these waiting times were assessed. Results The mean waiting was 10 weeks [SD 8] for patients with active disease [n = 173] and 15 weeks [SD 16] for those with inactive disease [n = 97], remarkably higher than that for colorectal cancer patients [5 weeks]. While awaiting surgery, 1 out of 8 patients had to undergo surgery in an acute or semi-acute setting. Additionally, 19% of patients with active disease had disease complications, and 44% needed additional health care. The rates were comparable for patients with inactive disease. Conclusions The current waiting time to surgery is not medically justified and creates a burden for health-care resources. This issue should be brought to the attention of policy makers, as it requires a structural solution. It is time to also set a maximally acceptable waiting time to surgery for IBD patients.
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Rees, F., A. Packham, A. Parmar, E. Hills, M. Smith, and A. St. Clair Jones. "P528 Reducing intravenous monoclonal antibody observation times without compromising patient safety; a single-centre observational study." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S503—S505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.650.

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Abstract Background Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are integral to manage Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). At Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals, intravenous MAbs, infliximab and vedolizumab, are administered in an outpatient setting. Licensing specifies post-infusion observation times of 1 to 2 hours. This affects waiting lists and capacity, particularly pertinent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A single-centre observation study was conducted. Part 1 Retrospective data was collected for all infliximab and vedolizumab infusions from April to July 2019. Patients seen twice, were included once. For established infusion patients, historical reactions were recorded. Reaction incidence was established by observations, patient questioning and patient record review. To standardise the reactions, we used the cancer Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events; grade 3 is ‘severe’. Part 2 Observation time was removed from infusion 4 in April 2020. Prospective data was collected for all infliximab and vedolizumab infusions from April to December 2020. Multiple attendances were included. Results Part 1 130 infliximab patients (2607 infusions) and 69 vedolizumab patients (557 infusions) were reviewed. No severe reactions were recorded. All reactions occurred during induction dosing period. Analysis showed high levels of ‘no reactions observed’ after the first 4 infliximab infusions 97.7% (+1.6%, -4.7%), and the first 3 vedolizumab infusions 96.9% (+2.3%, -8.8%). 121 hours could be saved for infliximab and 64 hours for vedolizumab. Extrapolated this equates to 740 hours per year. Part 2 679 infliximab infusions were administered (including 12 new starters). 418 vedolizumab infusions were administered (16 new starters). No reactions were reported. Table key: Pt – patients, Inf – infusions, MAb – monoclonal antibody, Induct – Induction, Maint – maintenance, IV – intravenous, PO – oral, NC – not collected Conclusion All MAb infusion reactions occurred within 3 infusions, were non-severe and managed in clinic. By removing observation periods from infusion 4, capacity increased in concordance with COVID-19 social distancing, without affecting waiting times or patient safety. Patient experience was anecdotally improved. Further data from other centres are required to prove significance.
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Morão, B., S. Velho, L. Agostinho, J. Torres, and M. Cravo. "P139 Body composition and Crohn’s disease behavior: Is adiposity the main game changer?" Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2022): i222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.267.

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Abstract Background Introduction: Visceral fat has been associated with unfavorable outcomes in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. We investigated the association between body composition upon diagnosis and complicated phenotypes and time until surgery in patients with CD. Methods retrospective cohort study including patients with CD who had a computed tomography enterography (CT) or an entero magnetic resonance (MR) performed within 6 months of diagnosis. Skeletal muscle, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue cross-sectional areas were determined with CT or MR images at L3 vertebrae level, after being processed with Slice-o-Matic (Tomovison) and ABCS module (applicable only to CT scan images). Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of disease behaviourand time until abdominal urgery was modeled with proportional hazards Cox models. Results We included 63 patients: 33(52%) men with median age of 35 years. Disease location and behaviour according to Montreal classification was as follows: L1=28(44%), L2=13(21%), L3=18(28%), L1+L4=1(2%), L3+L4=3(5%); B1=39(62%), B2=11(17%), B3=13(21%); 20(32%) patients had perianal disease. At diagnosis, 17(27%) patients were treated with corticosteroids. Anti-TNF agents were started in 8(13%) patients, azathioprine in 23(36%), combination therapy in 15(24%); 17(27%) patients did not start any medical therapy. Visceral obesity was present in 12(19%) patients at diagnosis. Visceral obesity was associated with higher age of CD onset (median 60 vs 34 years, p=0.002) and complicated disease behaviour(B2/B3) at diagnosis (66.7% vs 31.7%, p=0.021), with an approximately 4 times higher risk of complicated behaviour(OR=4.37, 95%IC=1.19–18.44, p=0.03).After adjusting for age and perianal disease, total adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous fat) remained statistically significant and was associated with a 4% increase in the odds of complicated behaviourat diagnosis per 10 cm2of total adipose tissue (OR 1.004,95%CI 1.00–1.008, p=0.043). Median follow-up time was 3.35 years, during which 15 (24%) of patients underwent abdominal surgery. Visceral obesity was associated with a 5.10 times higher risk of abdominal surgery during follow-up (95%CI 1.52–17.09, p=0.008); after adjusting to disease behaviour, visceral obesity maintained a near significant association with a 2.90 times higher risk of surgery (95%CI 0.83–10.08, p=0.09). Conclusion In our cohort of patients with newly diagnosed CD, total fat upon diagnosis seems to be associated with B2 and B3 disease phenotypes. Furthermore, visceral obesity was associated with a 5.10 times higher risk of abdominal surgery during follow-up and with a shorter time until surgery.
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Muñoz-Villafranca, C., P. Arreba, M. Gomez, N. Ispizua Madariaga, L. Buendia, M. L. Lopez, A. Ugarte, et al. "P595 Time of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of infliximab during induction and its relationship with clinical remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (January 30, 2023): i723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0725.

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Abstract Background The usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM) of infliximab during induction and its relationship with clinical outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is well established. However, the optimal time of monitoring in terms of clinical outcomes remains unclear. The aim is to evaluate the TDM at various times during induction and its association with clinical remission. Methods An observational, retrospective and single-centre study of patients with active disease ,Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis(UC), was performed. Induction treatment with infliximab 0, 2, 6 weeks was conducted and if there was response, maintenance therapy was provided. Antibody levels were measured in serum samples at week 2 and week 14 by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, within the therapeutic range(3-8 µg/ml). Patients were followed at least for one year or until loss of response. The clinical response was assessed in week 14 and week 52 by Harvey-Bradshaw Index in CD and Mayo Partial Index in UC. Results Out of 93 patients that were evaluated, 23 with UC(24.73%) and 70 with CD(75.27%,), 65 (69.89%) and 58 patients(62.37%) achieved remission at week 14 and week 52 respectively. Infliximab levels at week 14 but not at week 2 were significantly higher in patients who achieved clinical remission in both week 14 (5.8 vs 2.1 µg/ml; p=0.0002) as in week 52 (6.4 vs 1.9 µg/ml; p=0.0001). The levels at week 14, but not at week 2 had predictive value of remission, in both week 14 [OR 1,4 (CI 1.14-1.76) p=0.001] and week 52 [OR 1.4 (CI 1.15-1.87); p=0.001]. The patients with immunosuppressants at week 14 presented the highest rate of remission in week 52 (77.78 vs 52.63; p=0.014). The intensification of treatment was a negative factor to achieve remission both in week 14 and at week 52. Conclusion The levels of infliximab in week 14 are higher and have predictive value of clinical remission both in early (week 14) and long-term (week 52). Levels of infliximab in week 2 did not provide significant predictive value of clinical response. The use of immunosuppressants could be a favourable factor of clinical outcome.
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Dubinsky, M. C., T. Gibble, S. Travis, R. Panaccione, T. Hibi, A. P. Bleakman, T. Panni, et al. "DOP70 Prevalence and severity of bowel urgency in Crohn’s Disease: Results from the Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experience (CONFIDE) Survey." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 18, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2024): i201—i202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad212.0110.

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Abstract Background Bowel urgency (BU) affects patients with Crohn’s disease (CD); however, its prevalence and severity are unclear. Here, data from Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) study were used to understand the burden and impact of BU among patients with moderate-to-severe CD. Methods CONFIDE is an online, quantitative, cross-sectional survey exploring the experiences and impact of symptoms on patients with CD or ulcerative colitis in Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK), United States (US) and Japan. Criteria based on previous treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization defined moderate-to-severe CD. Patients were asked about bowel movement deferral time with response options ranging from able to wait ≥15 minutes (mins) to sometimes unable to make it to the bathroom in time. Patients currently experiencing BU (in last month) rated BU severity in the last 3 days using the Urgency Numeric Rating Scale (NRS, 0-10), a content-validated patient-reported instrument. CD data from Europe and US are presented here using descriptive statistics. Results Surveys were completed by 547 European (male [M]=55.4%, mean age 38 years) and 215 US (M=54.9%, mean age 40.9 years) patients with CD. Current BU (over the past month) was reported by 38% of patients in Europe and 42.3% in US. More than one-third of all patients in both Europe and US reported that over the last 3 days, they needed to get to the bathroom within 5 mins, and 1.8% European and 2.8% US patients were sometimes unable to make it to the bathroom in time. Among patients who reported currently experiencing BU, 46% reported the need to get to the bathroom within 5 mins and 3% reported sometimes being unable to make it to the bathroom in time in both Europe and US. Shorter deferral times were reported by those with higher mean Urgency NRS scores (Table). Mean (SD) Urgency NRS scores in patients with a deferral time <5 mins vs those with a deferral time >5 mins were 7.0 (1.7) vs 6.5 (2.1) among European and 7.3 (1.5) vs 6.7 (1.9) among the US patients. Most European and US patients reported experiencing BU, BU-related accidents, and/or wearing diaper/pad/other protection due to fear/anticipation of BU-related accidents at least once a month in past 3 months (Figure). Conclusion Patients with moderate-to-severe CD reported similar experiences of BU in the Europe and US, with most patients reporting currently experiencing BU and wearing diaper/pad/protection due to fear of BU-related accidents at least once a month. Patients currently experiencing BU had short deferral times, often having to reach the bathroom in ≤5 mins. Given the substantial burden and impact, BU should be considered when assessing patients with CD.
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Ramos Lopez, L., A. Hernández, M. Carrillo-Palau, A. Hernández-Camba, I. Alonso-Abreu, C. Reygosa, M. Vela, et al. "P219 Impact of COVID-19 pandemic in patients with a first consultation for suspected inflammatory bowel disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2022): i271—i272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.346.

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Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, outpatient activity and the performance of complementary tests have been limited in order to optimize health care resources in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection according to the incidence of cases in each time period. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the measures implemented by the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, initiation of treatment, and follow-up of patients referred for suspected inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at different times during the pandemic. Methods Retrospective multicenter study comparing three cohorts of patients who were referred for evaluation in IBD consultation during three time periods: pre-pandemic “pre-COVID19” (pC), from March to May 2019; during health alert “alert-COVID19” (aC), from March to May 2020; and during a recent post-pandemic alert period “post-COVID19 alert” (p-aC), from January 2021 to March 2021. All patients referred with suspected IBD (“first time” consultation) were included. Epidemiological and clinical variables were recorded from the onset of digestive symptoms and up to a follow-up of 6 months after consultation. Results A total of 114 first-time consultations were recorded: 47 in pC (age 45.3, SD 2.6 years; 63.83% female), 24 in aC (age 48.3, SD 3.3; male 54.2%) and 43 in p-aC (age 44.5, SD 2.4; male 53.4%). Significant differences were determined in terms of the reason for consultation between the periods (recent diagnosis of IBD: 25.5% pC vs 41.7% cD vs 53.5% a-pC; p= 0.03 and suspicion of IBD: 74.5% pC vs 58.3% aC vs 46.5% in p-aC; p = 0.03). The diagnosis of IBD was confirmed in 44.6% of patients in the pC period, 66.6% in aC and 67.4% in p-aC, (p=0.06). There were no significant differences between the three periods in terms of time from suspicion of the disease to evaluation at the first visit and time to completion of complementary tests. However, there were significant differences in the time between diagnosis and initiation of treatment among the pC group (mean 1.7, SD 1.05 months), in contrast to 4.36 months (SD 2.03) in aC and 3.82 months (SD 1.3) in p-aC (p= 0.05). There were also no differences in the management (treatment and request for complementary tests) of the sucessive consultation, except for the number of hospital admissions in the six months following the first consultation (5 cases in pC vs. no admissions in aC and p-aC,p=0.03). Conclusion During the COVID19 pandemic,the ability to diagnose patients with IBD has been maintained with no delays in the performance of complementary tests at participating centers. However, a delay in the initiation of treatment that could negatively impact the health of IBD patients is currently being maintained.
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Thoo, M., and E. Baynton. "P790 Examining mental health disease burden among Crohn’s Disease (CD) patients in Europe." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (January 30, 2023): i924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0920.

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Abstract Background Mental health is an overlooked aspect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient care and the most common psychological conditions in patients with IBD are anxiety and depression1. The objective of this study was to examine the possible factors that will impact mental health burden of CD patients in Europe. Methods A multi-centre online medical chart review study of patients with CD was conducted between Jul – Sep 2022 among UK, FR, DE, IT & ES gastroenterologists practicing across hospital and private practices. Physicians were screened for practice duration and patient volume. Charts of patients prescribed with advanced therapy were included in the analysis. Results 206 sampled physicians collectively reported 1178 CD patients. From the reported CD patients, 190 suffered mental health burden (depression or anxiety) and 988 CD patients did not suffered any mental health burden. Among CD patients suffered mental health burden, a higher proportion of CD patients are female vs those who did not suffered any (55% vs 46%). ‘Family history of IBD’ was the co-morbidity more likely to experience in reported CD patients suffered mental health burden vs those who did not (11% vs 7%). When looking at employment status between these two patient groups, reported CD patients suffer mental health burden was less likely to be in full-time employment vs those not suffered mental health burden. A higher proportion of reported CD patients suffered mental health burden were in part-time employment or housewife/househusband. CD patients with mental health burden had greater CRP level than patients without mental health burden (CRP mean: 16 vs 12). This aligns with reported CD patients with mental health burden had frequent surgery times vs without mental health burden (Mean surgery times: 2 vs 1) and had greater steroid usage (% reported patients currently on steroids – 18% vs 13%). Conclusion Comparisons in this study cohort highlight there are other factors could impact CD patients’ mental health burden other than IBD itself. This coincided with low full-time employment rate that attributed to financial stress may increase CD patients’ mental health burden. Also, higher rate of surgery and steroid usage in CD patients experienced mental health burden might suggest they had more severe or complications with their disease that will impact overall mental health. Further investigation using comparator cohort is warranted.
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Gutierrez Becker, B., E. Giuffrida, M. Mangia, F. Arcadu, V. Whitehill, D. Guaraglia, M. Schwartz, et al. "P069 Artificial intelligence (AI)-filtered Videos for Accelerated Scoring of Colonoscopy Videos in Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Trials." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S173—S174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.198.

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Abstract Background Endoscopic assessment is a critical procedure to assess the improvement of mucosa and response to therapy, and therefore a pivotal component of clinical trial endpoints for IBD. Central scoring of endoscopic videos is challenging and time consuming. We evaluated the feasibility of using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm to automatically produce filtered videos where the non-readable portions of the video are removed, with the aim of accelerating the scoring of endoscopic videos. Methods The AI algorithm was based on a Convolutional Neural Network trained to perform a binary classification task. This task consisted of assigning the frames in a colonoscopy video to one of two classes: “readable” or “unreadable.” The algorithm was trained using annotations performed by two data scientists (BG, FA). The criteria to consider a frame “readable” were: i) the colon walls were within the field of view; ii) contrast and sharpness of the frame were sufficient to visually inspect the mucosa, and iii) no presence of artifacts completely obstructing the visibility of the mucosa. The frames were extracted randomly from 351 colonoscopy videos of the etrolizumab EUCALYPTUS (NCT01336465) Phase II ulcerative colitis clinical trial. Evaluation of the performance of the AI algorithm was performed on colonoscopy videos obtained as part of the etrolizumab HICKORY (NCT02100696) and LAUREL (NCT02165215) Phase III ulcerative colitis clinical trials. Each video was filtered using the AI algorithm, resulting in a shorter video where the sections considered unreadable by the AI algorithm were removed. Each of three annotators (EG, MM and MD) was randomly assigned an equal number of AI-filtered videos and raw videos. The gastroenterologist was tasked to score temporal segments of the video according to the Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore (MCES). Annotations were performed by means of an online annotation platform (Virgo Surgical Video Solutions, Inc). Results We measured the time it took the annotators to score raw and AI-filtered videos. We observed a statistically significant reduction (Mann Whitney U test p-value=0.039) in the median time spent by the annotators scoring raw videos (10.59∓ 0.94 minutes) with respect to the time spent scoring AI-filtered videos (9.51 ∓ 0.92 minutes), with a substantial intra-rater agreement when evaluating highlight and raw videos (Cohen’s kappa 0.92 and 0.55 for experienced and junior gastroenterologists respectively). Conclusion Our analysis shows that AI can be used reliably as an assisting tool to automatically remove non-readable time segments from full colonoscopy videos. The use of our proposed algorithm can lead to reduced annotation times in the task of centrally reading colonoscopy videos.
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Gropp, R., H. Jodeleit, J. Caesar, C. Villarroel Aguilera, S. Sterz, L. Holdt, F. Beigel, S. Breiteneicher, J. Stallhofer, and M. Siebeck. "DOP33 Stratification of patients for treatment with adalimumab by a combination of immune-profiling and in vivo efficacy studies in a novel mouse model of ulcerative colitis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S071—S072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.072.

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Abstract Background The Holy Grail in chronic inflammatory diseases is the identification of biological markers which might explain the heterogeneity of disease manifestations and predict responses to treatment. The aim of this study was to identify immunological subgroups of patients with UC and to test responsiveness to adalimumab in these subgroups in the mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC), which is based on NOD/scid IL-2Rγ null (NSG) mice reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; NSG-UC). Methods The immunological profiles of 40 UC patients and 16 non-UC donors were determined by flow cytometric analysis of PBMCs in a snapshot and longitudinal study and analysed by principal component (PCA), orthogonal partial least square discrimination (oPLS-DA)- and hierarchical clustering analysis. NSG mice were reconstituted five times at consecutive time points with PBMCs from a single donor and were analysed for frequencies of human leukocytes, histological phenotype and levels of calprotectin (CRP) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. The response to adalimumab was tested in the NSG-UC model reconstituted with PBMC from patients clustering in group I (n = 2) or II (n = 2). Readout were the clinical, colon and histological scores, serum levels of glutamic and aspartic acid and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. The response was analysed by PCA. Results Hierarchical clustering identified two major subgroups in UC patients. Group I was characterised by TH17 and M1 monocytes, group II by TH2/TH1 and switched B cells. O-PLS-DA revealed significant discrimination between the two groups. Patients analysed in longitudinal studies switched from one group to the other. Thus, these subgroups reflected the dynamics of inflammation in patients. Mice reconstituted five times at consecutive time points with PBMC from one donor achieved an immunological phenotype reflecting the one of the Patient at that time point. Like the patient, mice switched from a pro-inflammatory phenotype (group II) to an M1 monocyte driven inflammation (group I). In mice, group II was characterised by a severe influx of inflammatory cells and oedema whereas group I was signified by extensive fibrosis. This observation was corroborated by colonic CRP and TGFß levels. CRP levels were significantly higher in group II, whereas TGFβ levels were increased in group I. PCA analysis revealed that mice reconstituted with PBMC from group II responded better to treatment with adalimumab than mice from group I. Conclusion The combination of profiling and testing of therapeutics in the NSG-UC model may ultimately lead to individualised and phase-dependent therapies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Li, Tak-wai Wilson. "Forecasting of tide heights : an application of smoothness priors in time series modelling /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13154357.

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Deeg, Alexander. "Homiletical Squib: “A time to keep silence, and a time to speak” (Eccl 3:7b) Preaching and keeping silent in times of the COVID19-pandemic." Universität Leipzig, 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72279.

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Li, Tak-wai Wilson, and 李德煒. "Forecasting of tide heights: an application of smoothness priors in time series modelling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3121048X.

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Kemp, Kirsty M. "Temporal dynamics in the deep sea : time-series at food falls, seasonality in condition of grenadiers, and tides as time signals." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU222698.

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The deep demersal community of the bathyal Porcupine Seabight is subject to environmental forcing on diel, seasonal and annual scales, in addition to the stochastic and transient influence of nutritional windfalls from the photic zone. The current regime at bathyal depth in the Porcupine Seabight is characterised by oscillations in current flow with periods of 12.4h and 14.8d. Increased current velocity and particle suspension in summer months synchronises well with the seasonal input of phytoplankton to the seafloor. These physical characteristics may constitute time signals in the deep ocean environment. Consumption and succession processes at bathyal food falls in the North Atlantic are suggestive of a fundamental difference in the community response between the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. The sinking of small cetacean carcasses constitutes a transient environmental impact on the local community structure which is not limited to the scavenging fauna. There is limited evidence of a response to the seasonal increase in available organic carbon in the white muscle of North Atlantic macrourids. This is in accordance with results from Pacific macrourids and suggests that the seasonal food pulse, experienced by the deep benthos under productive surface waters, is not greatly manifested at higher trophic levels. The successful adaptation of existing baited camera technology to incorporate an autonomous periodic bait-release system has enabled long-term high frequency time-series observations of deep-sea scavenging demersal fish and crustaceans to be made for the first time. An understanding of temporal environmental cues, and of the resultant interactions between organisms and their environment, effectively pervades the study of any aspect of organismal or population ecology.
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Devlin, Adam Thomas. "On the variability of Pacific Ocean tides at seasonal to decadal time scales| Observed vs modelled." Thesis, Portland State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10128376.

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Ocean tides worldwide have exhibited secular changes in the past century, simultaneous with a global secular rise in mean sea level (MSL). The combination of these two factors contributes to higher water levels, and may increase threats to coastal regions and populations over the next century. Equally as important as these long-term changes are the short-term fluctuations in sea levels and tidal properties. These fluctuations may interact to yield locally extreme water level events, especially when combined with storm surge. This study, presented in three parts, examines the relationships between tidal anomalies and MSL anomalies on yearly and monthly timescales, with a goal of diagnosing dynamical factors that may influence the long-term evolution of tides in the Pacific Ocean. Correlations between yearly averaged properties are denoted tidal anomaly trends (TATs), and will be used to explore interannual behavior. Correlations of monthly averaged properties are denoted seasonal tidal anomaly trends (STATs), and are used to examine seasonal behavior. Four tidal constituents are analyzed: the two largest semidiurnal (twice daily) constituents, M2 and S2, and the two largest diurnal (once daily) constituents, K1 and O1.

Part I surveys TATs and STATs at 153 Pacific Ocean tide gauges, and discusses regional patterns within the entire Pacific Ocean. TATs with statistically significant relations between MSL and amplitudes (A-TATs) are seen at 89% of all gauges; 92 gauges for M2, 66 for S2, 82 for K1, and 59 for O1. TATs with statistically significant relations between tidal phase (the relative timing of high water of the tide) and MSL (P-TATs) are observed at 55 gauges for M2, 47 for S2, 42 for K1, and 61 for O1. Significant seasonal variations (STATs) are observed at about a third of all gauges, with the largest concentration in Southeast Asia. The effect of combined A-TATs was also considered. At selected stations, observed tidal sensitivity with MSL was extrapolated forward in time to the predicted sea level in 2100. Results suggest that stations with large positive combined A-TATs produce total water levels that are greater than those predicted by an increase in MSL alone, increasing the chances of high-water events.

Part II examines the mechanisms behind the yearly (TAT) variability in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean. Significant amplitude TATs are found at more than half of 26 gauges for each of the two strongest tidal constituents, K1 (diurnal) and M2 (semidiurnal). For the lesser constituents analyzed (O1 and S2), significant trends are observed at ten gauges.

Part III analyzes the seasonal behavior of tides (STATs) at twenty tide gauges in the Southeast Asian waters, which exhibit variation by 10 – 30% of mean tidal amplitudes. A barotropic ocean tide model that considers the seasonal effects of MSL, stratification, and geostrophic and Ekman velocity is used to explain the observed seasonal variability in tides due to variations in monsoon-influenced climate forcing, with successful results at about half of all gauges. The observed changes in tides are best explained by the influence of non-tidal velocities (geostrophic and Ekman), though the effect of changing stratification is also an important secondary causative mechanism.

From the results of these surveys and investigations, it is concluded that short-term fluctuations in MSL and tidal properties at multiple time scales may be as important in determining the state of future water levels as the long-term trends. Global explanations for the observed tidal behavior have not been found in this study; however, significant regional explanations are found at the yearly time scale in the Solomon Sea, and at the seasonal time scale in Southeast Asia. It is likely that tidal sensitivity to annual and seasonal variations in MSL at other locations also are driven by locally specific processes, rather than factors with basin-wide coherence. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)

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Coughenour, Christopher Lynn Lacovara Kenneth J. "An analysis of cyclic tidal deposits : statistical time series properties, extraction of earth-moon parameters, and observed intertidal sedimentation /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3135.

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Zhang, Qian. "Use of Time Series Analysis to Evaluate the Impacts of Underground Mining on Hydrological Properties of Dysart Woods, Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1282225890.

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Flora, Megan. "Diel, Tidal, and Sex Based Differences in Time Spent Feeding by the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/190.

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The feeding behavior of an animal is based on adaptations to the environment and the animal’s body condition. The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) is an example of a marine mammal that may alter its feeding pattern based on diel and tidal cycles. The increased presence of boats during the day could potentially cause manatees to alter their feeding rates, or the time spent feeding per hour, over the diel cycle. Tide levels may cause manatees to be restricted from areas of preferred vegetation. In addition, the differential reproductive investment between males and females may cause differential time dedicated to feeding between the sexes. This study analyzed sound recordings (lasting up to 24 hr) from manatees tagged in southwest Florida with a digital acoustic recording tag (DTAG) between April and September. Distinctive chewing sounds were indicative of feeding activity. Variation in time spent feeding was analyzed in relation to time of day, sex, female reproductive status, and water level as affected by tides. Manatees dedicated 26% of the time (6 hours) to feeding, on average. During the first year of the study, manatees spent 39% of the time feeding (9 hours), on average, over the course of a 24-hour period; during the second year they spent 15% (2 hours) over the course of a 13-hour daytime period. Adult females fed significantly more, on average, than adult males. Females in late-term pregnancy appeared to spend more time foraging than other non-lactating females, but the sample size was too small to be definitive. Manatee time spent feeding was not correlated with time of day. Increases in feeding activity occurred at mid to high tide levels. This may indicate that manatees had greater access to preferred food sources at this time. An understanding of when manatees 5 are most likely to be feeding and which environmental factors influence this activity may suggest ways to reduce impacts on the endangered population.
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Sahu, Parameswar. "Use of Time Series, Barometric and Tidal Analyses to Conceptualize and Model Flow in an Underground Mine: The Corning Mine Complex, Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1108395116.

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Calvo, García-Maroto Marta. "Analysis of long-term gravity records in europe : consequences for the retrieval of small amplitude and low frequency signals including the core resonance effects." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH003/document.

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L’étude des variations temporelles de gravité ont une longue tradition en Europe Centrale. Dans la station, J9, située à Strasbourg depuis les années 1970, les trois principaux types de gravimètre (ressort, supraconducteur (SG), absolu) ont été utilisés. Ces séries permettent l’examen des améliorations instrumentales à partir de la stabilité à long terme et de la dérive instrumentale. Nous montrons que le SG est l’instrument le plus performant pour l’étude des marées de longues périodes et de faibles amplitudes. Nous montrons les résultats obtenus par analyse de marée de ces petites ondes. Nous estimons la période de la Free Core Nutation et nous recherchons celle de la Free Inner Core Nutation (FICN), qui n'a pas encore été observée. Pour cela nous faisons une étude précise, afin de séparer les ondes de faible amplitude, au voisinage de périodes possibles de la FICN
The study of temporal variations of gravity has a long tradition in Central Europe. Since the 1970s three main gravimeter types (spring, superconducting (SG) and absolute) have been set up at the J9 gravity station located in Strasbourg. These series allow us to review the instrumental improvements from the analyses of long term stability and instrumental drift. We show that the SG is the most powerful tool for thestudy of the low frequency and small amplitudes tides. We show the tidal analysis results for these tidal waves. We estimate the period of the Free Core Nutation and we seek the one of the Free Inner Core Nutation (FICN), which has not yet been observed. For this we make a careful study, in order to separate the low-amplitude waves in the vicinity of possible periods of FICN
La deformación elasto-gravitacional de la Tierra y las correspondientes variaciones temporales de la gravedad asociadas, registradas en la superficie terrestre mediante los gravímetros, son debidas a distintos fenómenos geofísicos con diferentes períodos y amplitudes, incluyendo entre otros a las denominadas mareas terrestres, que son el fenómeno que genera los efectos más fuertes (dichas mareas terrestres son los movimientos inducidos en la Tierra sólida y los cambios en su potencial gravitatorio derivados de las fuerzas de marea generadas por los cuerpos celestes).El objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en mostrar la importancia tanto de la longitud de las series de datos de gravedad, como de la calidad de dichas series para mejorar nuestro conocimiento sobre la dinámica de la Tierra a través de los análisis de las mareas terrestres. [...]
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Books on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Time and tides. Place of publication not identified]: [Heins Publications], 2008.

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Angira, Jared. Tides of time: Selected poems. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers, 1996.

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Christopherson, Anne. Greenwich - time and tides: Paintings. London: Unicorn Press, 2001.

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Dove, Jane. Time and tide. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1995.

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The tides of time: A memoir. Bhubaneswar: Geeta Guru, 2003.

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Brasch, Nicolas. Times, tides, and revolutions. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2011.

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Azuike, Amaka. Tides of time: A collection of poems. Jos, Nigeria: Mazlink Nigeria, 2000.

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Trust, Mumbai Port, ed. Tides of time: History of Mumbai Port. Mumbai: Mumbai Port Trust, 2000.

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Block, Francesca Lia. Echo. New York: Joanna Cotler Books/HarperCollins, 2001.

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Skolimowski, Henryk. Eco-theology: Toward a religion for our times. Ann Arbor, Mich: Eco-philosophy Centre, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Flannery, John A., and Karen M. Smith. "The New York Times Building." In Eco-Urban Design, 72–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0369-8_9.

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Olivier, Sharon, Frederick Hölscher, and Colin Williams. "Eco intelligence: the Integrator." In Agile Leadership for Turbulent Times, 94–127. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003029595-6.

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Tamura, Yoshiaki. "Analysis of Earth Tides Data." In The Practice of Time Series Analysis, 327–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2162-3_20.

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Frindte, Wolfgang, and Ina Frindte. "Look Up Eco – A Virtual Conversation." In Support in Times of No Support, 269–72. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38637-5_26.

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Bolya, Daniel, Sean Foley, James Hays, and Judy Hoffman. "TIDE: A General Toolbox for Identifying Object Detection Errors." In Computer Vision – ECCV 2020, 558–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58580-8_33.

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Albritton, Robert. "Conclusion: “Time and Tides Wait for No One”." In Palgrave Insights into Apocalypse Economics, 115–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05183-9_9.

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Finatto, Carla Patricia, Camilla Gomes da Silva, Ana Regina de Aguiar Dutra, André Borchardt Deggau, Anelise Leal Vieira Cubas, Elisa Helena Siegel Moecke, Felipe Fernandez, and José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra. "Sustainability in Covid-19 Times: A Human Development Perspective." In Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes, 1–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3860-2_1.

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Chen, Hao, Fengchi Wang, Gang Xu, and Lilong Guo. "Laboratory Model Test of Eco-Concrete Slab Slope Protection." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 358–67. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_33.

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AbstractIn order to study the protective effects of eco-concrete slope and the influencing factors of eco-concrete slope deformation. The displacement characteristics and ultimate bearing capacity of the slope model under different geometric parameters are obtained through the laboratory model test of eco-concrete slope protection, and the influence laws of slope deformation under different protection slope conditions are summarized, as well as the influence laws of soil compaction, soil moisture content and slope ratio on the horizontal displacement restraint capacity and stability of the slope. Compared with the unprotected slope, the ultimate load of the reinforced concrete slab slope and the ordinary concrete slab slope are increased by 2.2 times and 2.4 times respectively, and the horizontal displacement restraint capacity of the slope is increased by 29.3% and 51.6% respectively. The moisture content, compactness and slope gradient of slope soil have a certain influence on the deformation restraint capacity of slope protected by vegetation concrete slab.
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Sandström, Rolf. "Extrapolation." In Basic Modeling and Theory of Creep of Metallic Materials, 275–310. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49507-6_14.

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AbstractThe extrapolation of creep data to longer times is technically very important. The traditional way of extrapolating creep rupture data is to use time temperaturer parameters (TTPs). In this way data from several test temperatures are combined to a single master curve that can be used to assess rupture strengths at long times. Recently, there is much focus on machine learning techniques (neural networks, NNs). Both types of procedures can generate accurate results, but a detailed analysis is required. A good way to assess the quality of the results is to use the post assessment tests (PATs) developed by ECCC. Without such tests arbitrary results can be obtained. They are important for both TTPs and NNs. It has been shown that by putting requirements on the derivatives of the creep rupture curves, the PATs can more or less automatically be satisfied. In addition, the error in the extrapolated values should be estimated. Using the basic creep models presented in this book, prediction of rupture strength and ductility can be made in a safer way. It is demonstrated for Cu that accurate extrapolation of many order of magnitude in the creep rate can be made, which is never possible with empirical models.
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Dijk, Meine Pieter van, and Xiao Liang. "CHAPTER 15: Governance of urban eco-initiatives in Beijing in times of climate change." In Urban Governance in the Realm of Complexity, 323–42. The Schumacher Centre, Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, Warwickshire CV23 9QZ, UK,: Practical Action Publishing Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780449685.015.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Aicardi, Michele, Davide Giglio, and Riccardo Minciardi. "Optimal strategies for real-time determination of the next job's class in a single machine with setup times and controllable processing times." In European Control Conference 2007 (ECC). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2007.7068665.

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Wilhelmsen, Nils Christian A., Henrik Anfinsen, and Ole Morten Aamo. "Minimum Time Bilateral Observer Design for $2\times 2$ Linear Hyperbolic Systems." In 2019 18th European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2019.8795638.

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Incarnato, Loredana, Luciano Di Maio, Emilia Garofalo, Paola Scarfato, A. D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "Polylactide Nanocomposites As a New Solution for Eco-compatible Packaging Materials." In V INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3455637.

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Sakharov, A. M., P. A. Sakharov, S. M. Lomakin, and G. E. Zaikov. "Novel class of eco-flame retardants based on the renewable raw materials." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738481.

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Jung, Min Jae, Young-Nam Lee, Juhyun Song, Sang-Gug Lee, and Kyung-Sik Choi. "Experimental Analysis of Measurement Time Reduction in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy using the Distribution of Relaxation Times." In 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce53617.2023.10362663.

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Konoike, R., H. Matsuura, K. Suzuki, H. Kawashima, and K. Ikeda. "Polarization-insensitive low-crosstalk $8\times 8$ silicon photonics switch with $9\times 13.5\ \text{cm}^{2}$ control board." In 2020 European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecoc48923.2020.9333196.

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Shank, C. V., R. W. Schoenlein, D. M. Mittleman, J. J. Shiang, and A. P. Alivisatos. "An Overview: Femtosecond Spectroscopy at the Cutting Edge of Time Resolution." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1992.wb1.

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We report the first direct measurements of electronic dynamics in CdSe nanocrystals on a femtosecond time scale. Two pulse photon echo measurements show a rapid echo decay, on the order of 8 fs. Complimentary three pulse echo measurements indicate that the two pulse results are dominated by quantum beats associated with the 210 cm–1 LO phonon mode. Using a novel technique to cancel the effects of the quantum beat, we observe in the three pulse echo results evidence of two echo decay times, on the order of 8 fs and 18 fs respectively. In addition, time resolved spectral measurements show evidence of hole burning and dynamics on a femtosecond time scale. These results suggest that the electronic properties of these materials are more complicated than previously believed.
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Banos, Alfonso, Joaquin Carrasco, and Antonio Barreiro. "Reset times-dependent stability of reset control systems." In European Control Conference 2007 (ECC). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2007.7068568.

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Wu, Chia-Yi, Haolin Li, Joris Van Kerrebrouck, Laurens Breyne, Laurens Bogaert, Piet Demeester, and Guy Torfs. "Real-Time $4\times 3.5$ Gbps Sigma Delta Radio-over-Fiber for a Low-Cost 5G C-RAN Downlink." In 2018 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535235.

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Reichert, Thomas, and Ana Salles. "Life cycle assessment – A tool to eco-design structural composite parts." In 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5046002.

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Reports on the topic "Ecco: The Tides Of Time"

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Yue, Z., Vagharsh Mkhitaryan, and M. E. Raikh. Spectral narrowing and spin echo for localized carriers with heavy-tailed L evy distribution of hopping times. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1326823.

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Whisler, Daniel, Rafael Gomez Consarnau, and Ryan Coy. Novel Eco-Friendly, Recycled Composites for Improved CA Road Surfaces. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2046.

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The continued use of structural plastics in consumer products, industry, and transportation represents a potential source for durable, long lasting, and recyclable roadways. Costs to dispose of reinforced plastics can be similar to procuring new asphalt with mechanical performance exceeding that of the traditional road surface. This project examines improved material development times by leveraging advanced computational material models based on validated experimental data. By testing traditional asphalt and select carbon and glass reinforced composites, both new and recycled, it is possible to develop a finite element simulation that can predict the material characteristics under a number of loads virtually, and with less lead time compared to experimental testing. From the tested specimens, composites show minimal strength degradation when recycled and used within the asphalt design envelopes considered, with an average of 49% less wear, two orders of magnitude higher compressive strength, and three orders for tensile strength. Predictive computational analysis using the validated material models developed for this investigation confirms the long-term durability.
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Devlin, Adam. On the Variability of Pacific Ocean Tides at Seasonal to Decadal Time Scales: Observed vs Modelled. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2920.

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Torres, Marissa, and Norberto Nadal-Caraballo. Rapid tidal reconstruction with UTide and the ADCIRC tidal database. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41503.

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The quantification of storm surge is vital for flood hazard assessment in communities affected by coastal storms. The astronomical tide is an integral component of the total still water level needed for accurate storm surge estimates. Coastal hazard analysis methods, such as the Coastal Hazards System and the StormSim Coastal Hazards Rapid Prediction System, require thousands of hydrodynamic and wave simulations that are computationally expensive. In some regions, the inclusion of astronomical tides is neglected in the hydrodynamics and tides are instead incorporated within the probabilistic framework. There is a need for a rapid, reliable, and accurate tide prediction methodology to provide spatially dense reconstructed or predicted tidal time series for historical, synthetic, and forecasted hurricane scenarios. A methodology is proposed to combine the tidal harmonic information from the spatially dense Advanced Circulation hydrodynamic model tidal database with a rapid tidal reconstruction and prediction program. In this study, the Unified Tidal Analysis program was paired with results from the tidal database. This methodology will produce reconstructed (i.e., historical) and predicted tidal heights for coastal locations along the United States eastern seaboard and beyond and will contribute to the determination of accurate still water levels in coastal hazard analysis methods.
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Menon, Shantanu, Kushagra Merchant, Devika Menon, and Aruna Pandey. Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA): Instituting an ideal. Indian School Of Development Management, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58178/2303.1021.

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This case study traces the journey of Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA), an NGO which was co-founded in Mumbai (erstwhile Bombay) in 1984 by a young graduate Minar Pimple along with a group of his lecturers and peers from the Nirmala Niketan College of Social Work, together looking to evolve an indigenous model of social work practice. To say that times have changed in India since YUVA’s inception 38 years ago would be an understatement. Despite this, the organization’s spirit continues to echo its founding purpose and values, and provide a space in which the most marginalised of young and like-minded people can come together, understand their rights and responsibilities as citizens, and work together towards shared ideals. Even today, the majority of the people who work with YUVA (meaning “youth”) come from marginalised backgrounds. Such talent composition is not the norm, even in civil society. Seeded with feminist ideals—in particular that of nurturing a careful and life-long sensitivity for the socio-politically marginalised, and standing by them in their strive for social justice—YUVA’s historical record is a statement of how a steadfast commitment to principles can eventually find home in a settled and satisfying practice. This case study lays out both what that historical record speaks and what it speaks between the lines. What the record directly speaks of is the radical milieu in which YUVA came into being, how it became a significant civil society presence in its own right, how it multiplied new initiatives, and how it underwent a difficult leadership transition and financial stresses, yet strived hard to remain relevant. Between the lines, the record hints at how an alert, attuned and active academic milieu constitutes a real treasure—a reminder that perhaps seems appropriate for the times; and narrates the story of how a feminist organization deeply committed to social justice operates from the inside, of the people who make it and how they make and remake it. organizations of this nature have an important place in the annals of Indian civil society but have not received a proportionate space within the documented field of organizational development and talent management. This case study provides an opportunity for learners to explore the idea, relevance and practices of a feminist organization, through the travails and triumphs of one of the oldest ones in India.
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Hart, Kate, Jodi Lejeune, Rebecca Beavers, Sam Whitin, Christopher Overcash, Monique LaFrance Bartley, and Suzie Boltz. National Park Service beach nourishment guidance (second edition). National Park Service, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299256.

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Sandy coastal areas (including coastal dunes, beaches, and submerged intertidal and nearshore areas) are naturally dynamic ecosystems. These areas experience accretion, erosion, dune and island migration, overwash, and other processes as sediments are transported by the wind, waves, tides, and currents. If these natural physical processes are disrupted, the beach ecosystem may transform, become unstable, or disappear completely over time. Human development of coastal areas, sea level rise, and increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms are examples of coastal change that interfere with sediment transport and therefore threaten the stability of coastal ecosystems. Beach nourishment is a nature-based engineering strategy that artificially delivers sand (a size of sediment) to a coastal ecosystem to lessen the disruption of sediment supply. Generally, beach nourishment is intended to mitigate erosion, protect infrastructure and buildings, and/or to restore habitat. The National Park Service (NPS) has produced an updated guidance manual that provides a consistent approach to beach nourishment based on sound coastal science and engineering. The goal of this updated guidance is to provide information on this method to protect and preserve the beaches and associated resources of the National Park System.
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Kim, Lauren Nicole, Katherine Brodie, Nicholas Cohn, Sarah Giddings, and Mark Merrifield. Observations of Beach Change and Runup, and the Performance of Empirical Runup Parameterizations during Large Storm Events. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48712.

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Timeseries observations of beach elevation change and wave runup from a tower-mounted stationary lidar assess the skill of 2% runup exceedance (𝑅𝑅2%) estimates during four storm events at Duck, NC. The runup parameterization requires the foreshore beach slope, which generally unknown during high energy events. Pre-storm estimates are often used as a proxy. 𝑅𝑅2% hindcasts use the observed time-varying beach slope and a static pre-storm beach profile, yielding an 𝑅𝑅2% skill of 0.57. The skill drops to −1.0 using seasonal mean beach slopes and reduces after the peak of two storms with the appearance of beach cusps in the swash zone morphology. One storm’s runup is underpredicted by up to 1.0 m at high tides following the storm peak when cusps are present Additional pre- and post-storm mobile lidar surveys for one storm confirm ubiquitous small-scale beach cusps along 8 km of the local shoreline. The results suggest skillful runup estimates are often attainable given the availability of beach information before a storm. The parameterization errors increase when beach cusps develop, highlighting the need to extend standard one-dimensional runup parameterizations to account for two-dimensional effects.
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Raikow, David, Jacob Gross, Amanda McCutcheon, and Anne Farahi. Trends in water quality and assessment of vegetation community structure in association with declining mangroves: A condition assessment of American Memorial Park. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301598.

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American Memorial Park (AMME) in Saipan contains a rare mangrove wetland that is known to support several endangered species. Through monitoring water quality and vegetation characteristics of the wetland for >10 years we documented a declining mangrove population, an increase in invasive plant species, and declining surface water salinity. Comprehensive surveys conducted in 2014 and 2019 quantified declines in the plant community observed by park staff. Surface water salinity declined from 2009 to 2018 and no other trend in surface water quality was observed. Over the time period of the present study, AMME experienced shifts in annual rainfall conditions that could be associated with ENSO cycles. Dry conditions beginning in late 2016 and continuing through mid-2018 resulted in some surface water sampling sites completely drying. Several stressors may have contributed to declines in mangroves adapted to saturated soils directly and allowed competing plants to proliferate, including disruption of hydrologic connectivity with marine waters resulting in reduced surface water salinity, reduced rainfall causing dry soil conditions, and physical storm damage to canopies. Recommendations include study of groundwater salinity, maintaining or modifying a culvert subject to filling with sediment or other excavation work to improve saline water flow to the wetland at high tides, the establishment of a new groundwater monitoring well, adding a surface water monitoring station near the culvert, conducting a spatial assessment of the mangrove habitat suitability within the mangrove wetland, and developing or assisting with mangrove interpretive and outreach programs.
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9

Nimesh, Vikas, Bhaskar Natarjan, Saddam Hussain, and K. N. Hemanth Kumar. CATALYSING THE MARKET TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTRIC 2-WHEELER INSIGHTS FROM CONSUMERS AND STAKEHOLDERS. Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62576/aeee2w.

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Electric two-wheelers (E2Ws) are becoming increasingly popular as an eco-friendly mode of transport. They provide a convenient and efficient option for short-distance travel, particularly in urban areas. However, the widespread adoption of E2Ws in India still faces several challenges. In order to address these issues, the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) and International Copper Association India (ICA India) have teamed up to identify the key barriers hindering the adoption of electric two-wheelers in the market. The joint research project aims to identify effective pathways for a market transformation for E2Ws in India and promote the widespread adoption of E2Ws as a sustainable and efficient mode of transport. The goal of the study is to facilitate the increased adoption of E2Ws in India by examining the perspectives of various stakeholders, including consumers, fleet operators, financial institutions, dealerships, and service centers. The study was conducted in three zones - North Zone (Delhi, Lucknow), West Zone (Mumbai, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Rajkot), and South Zone (Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, Chennai). The study collected 1159 responses from both E2W users and internal combustion engine (ICE) users across India, as well as E2W dealers, in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the E2W market across the country. The survey results revealed key insights about the prevalence of E2W users, their awareness of ICE options, and their willingness to adopt more eco-friendly modes of transport. The report covers key aspects of E2Ws, including purchase, charging, performance, aftersales, safety, retrofitting, etc. Chapter 1 introduces the E2W ecosystem and sets the background and need for the study. Chapter 2 details the scope and methodology adopted for the research. Various barriers and motivating factors and their role in attracting or deterring consumers from or towards EV adoption, like charging practices, usage behaviour, ownership cost, purchase experience, etc., were delved into. The chapter also details the respondents’ profiles and the surveying techniques incorporated for the study, i.e., face-toface interviews with E2W users and In-person qualitative discussions with the E2W dealers. It was found that the younger generations had an equal propensity towards both ICE and E2Ws. Also, the average income of EV owners was found to be higher than the average income of ICE two-wheelers. Chapter 3 discusses the findings and key insights from the consumer survey. It examines the key perceptions of customers regarding E2W and ICE vehicles and their purchase and usage practices. The chapter discusses important current and future triggers and barriers to EV adoption. Access to charging stations, Safety concerns, high upfront costs, long charging times, etc., were found to be the major deterrents towards EV adoption. Chapter 4 presents the key insights from the dealer consultation and discusses the various obstacles, including warranty and battery replacement costs, low margins, the lack of supplier credit facilities, battery backup, the high price of E2Ws, and low speed. These obstacles impede their ability to sell electric vehicles and compete with other types of vehicle dealers. Nonetheless, as the EV market grows and develops, manufacturers and dealers will be able to overcome these obstacles and establish a more sustainable and competitive EV industry. Chapter 4 presents the key insights from the dealer consultation and discusses the various obstacles dealers face, including warranty and battery replacement costs, low margins, the lack of supplier credit facilities, battery backup, the high price of E2Ws, and low speed. These obstacles impede their ability to sell electric vehicles and compete with other types of vehicle dealers. Nonetheless, as the EV market grows and develops, manufacturers and dealers will be able to overcome these obstacles and establish a more sustainable and competitive EV industry. Chapter 5 provides recommendations to address the different barriers to E2W adoption in India, like high upfront costs of E2W, charging stations, safety issues, battery issues, etc. The whitepaper provides recommendations to address the challenges and barriers hindering the adoption of E2Ws in India. These recommendations cover various topics such as consumer perceptions, demand incentives, and product-related issues like servicing, safety, and performance. To encourage ix the wider adoption of E2Ws, the whitepaper proposes several measures, including improving the availability of charging infrastructure, regular maintenance of charging points, and investment support to charging and swapping players. Additionally, partnering with financial institutions to offer affordable loans is recommended to make E2Ws more accessible to consumers. These measures are critical to overcoming the challenges faced by E2W users and promoting the adoption of ecofriendly transport options in India. To achieve the target of increasing energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions by 33-35% by 2030, as set by the Indian government, it is crucial for the various stakeholders in the electric vehicle ecosystem to implement the strategies outlined in the whitepaper. The aim is to accelerate the adoption of E2Ws and support the government in achieving its goals.
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