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Paparotti, Daniele. "Credit rating ed il ruolo delle ECAI nell'approccio standard." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/2639.
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2006/2007Nel lavoro viene dato risalto alla nuova figura delle agenzie esterne per la valutazione del rischio (External Credit Assessment Institutions - E.C.A.I.) e soprattutto si dimostra come importante sia stato il lavoro di definizione delle caratteristiche che le stesse devono possedere per poter essere riconosciute dall'autorità di vigilanza. Si evidenziano le scelte fatte dall'organismo di vigilanza nazionale e come tali scelte verranno ad incidere sull'operatività delle E.C.A.I. e sulla loro capacità di assegnare rating. Attraverso quest'evoluzione del cammino normativo viene descritta quale sia oggi, ma soprattutto quale possa essere, il mercato del rating (in particolare in Italia). Sempre in tema di definizione dei confini di operatività di tali agenzie vengono delineati e discussi gli steps fondamentali che le stesse debbono intraprendere al fine del processo di riconoscimento. L'ultima parte del lavoro indaga i possibili risvolti che l'applicazione della metodologia standard potrebbe avere sul mondo del credito. L'obiettivo, in questo caso, è dimostrare come una sistematica adozione del metodo standard possa permettere, allo stesso mondo bancario, una maggiore conoscenza del reale profilo di rischio dei portafogli di esposizioni delle banche.
XX Ciclo
1979
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Santos, Angélica Rossotti dos. "Estudo da diversidade cariotípica em Bryconamericus ecai Silva, 2004, utilizando diferentes cromossômicos." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular. IAPAR. EMBRAPA, 2011. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000164195.
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No presente estudo foram realizadas análises citogenéticas em exemplares de Bryconamericus ecai, coletados no sistema hidrográfico da Laguna dos Patos, sendo estes os primeiros estudos para esta espécie. Todos os indivíduos analisados apresentaram 2n=52 entretanto, com diferentes fórmulas cariotípicas, resultando em 4 citótipos, sendo observada a presença de um macrocromossomo acessório no citótipo III. A heterocromatina em Bryconamericus ecai apresentou-se distribuída na região pericentromérica da maioria dos cromossomos nos citótipos I, II e III; e no citótipo IV blocos de heterocromatina foram evidenciados em regiões pericentroméricas e em um par em posição intersticial. O cromossomo acessório mostrou-se heterocromático apenas nas regiões centromérica e terminal do braço curto. A coloração do bandamento C com fluorocromos CMA3 e DAPI evidenciou heterocromatina DAPI+ em regiões pericentroméricas e terminais no citótipo I; no citótipo II e III foram observadas bandas terminais CMA3+ em um par cromossômico e marcações terminais DAPI+ em alguns cromossomos. O cromossomo B apresentou heterocromatina terminal GC rica. No citótipo IV foram observados sinais CMA3+ na região terminal e intersticial e marcações centroméricas e terminais DAPI+ em alguns cromossomos. As regiões organizadoras de nucléolos (RONs), por meio da impregnação pelo nitrato de prata, foram múltiplas nos citótipos I, III e IV, com variação inter e intraindividual nos citótipo I e III e variação interindividual no citótipo IV. No citótipo II foi observada a presença de apenas um par de cromossomos portadores de sítios AgRONs. A coloração com o fluorocromo cromomicina A3, evidenciou sinais CMA3+ na região terminal, com variação inter e intraindividual nos citótipos I, II e III, sendo alguns sítios coincidentes com as RONs. No citótipo IV houve maior número de sítios CMA3+ em relação aos outros citótipos, sendo observado um par com marcação intersticial coincidente com a heterocromatina. A hibridação in situ com a sonda de DNAr 18S, revelou, no citótipo I, quatro cromossomos portadores de sítios ribossômicos 18S, sendo coincidentes com os sítios AgRONs. No citótipo II foi confirmado o sistema simples de RON. No citótipo III até seis cromossomos foram marcados, tendo correspondência com algumas RONs e maior coincidência com os sinais CMA3+ e no citótipo IV dois cromossomos apresentaram sinais fluorescentes, coincidentes com as RONs. O acentuado polimorfismo cromossômico observado entre os exemplares de Bryconamericus ecai somado aos dados da literatura, demonstram que rearranjos cromossômicos, especialmente inversões pericêntricas, tiveram um papel importante na evolução cariotípica deste grupo de peixes, mostrando que sua evolução ocorreu de modo divergente. Pode-se inferir também, que esteja ocorrendo mais de uma espécie de Bryconamericus, vivendo em simpatria no rio Forquetinha/RS.In the present study cytogenetic analysis were performed on specimens of Bryconamericus ecai collected in the water shed of the Laguna dos Patos, which are the first study in this species. All individuals analized had 2n = 52 with different karyotypic formulae, resulting in four cytotypes, revealing the presence of a macro acessory chromosome in cytotype III. Heterochromatin in Bryconamericus ecai is distributed in the pericentromeric region of most chromosomes in cytotypes I, II and III, and in the cytotype IV the heterochromatin blocks were detected in pericentromeric regions and in interstitial region in only one pair of chromosome. The accessory chromosome showed heterochromatic blocks just in the centromeric and terminal regions of the short arm. The C banding was stained with the fluorochromes DAPI and CMA3 and revealed heterochromatin DAPI+ in the pericentromeric and terminal regions in cytotype I; in cytotype II and III were observed terminal CMA3+ bands on one chromosome pair and terminal markings DAPI+ in some chromosomes. The acessory chromosome heterochromatin terminal is GC rich. In cytotype IV were observed signals CMA3+ in the interstitial and terminal regions and DAPI+ in the centromeric and terminal region of some chromosomes. The nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) identified by silver nitrate impregnation, were multiple in the cytotypes I, III and IV, with inter and intra individual variation in cytotype I and III and an interindividual variation were found in cytotype IV. In the cytotype II was observed the presence of only one pair of chromosomes bearing AgNOR sites. Staining with the fluorochrome chromomycin A3 showed signs CMA3+ in the terminal region in the cytotypes I, II and III, with variations inter and intra individual, some sites were coincident with the NORs. In cytotype IV was observed more sites CMA3+ then in the other cytotypes, and one pair of chromosomes showed interstitial markings coincident with the heterochromatin. In situ hybridization with 18S rDNA probe revealed, in cytotype I, four chromosomes bearing 18S ribosomal sites, which were coincident with the sites AgNOR. Cytotype II was confirmed the simple system of RON. In cytotype III six chromosomes were marked, with some correspondence with AgNOR and higher coincidence with the signals CMA3+. Two chromosomes in cytotype IV showed fluorescent signals, coincident with the NORs. The chromosomal polymorphism observed among the specimens of Bryconamericus ecai and the data found in the literature reveals that chromosomal rearrangements, especially pericentric inversions, had an important role in karyotype evolution of this group of fish, showing that its development was divergent. Its also possible infer that there is more than one species of Bryconamericus living in sympatry in the Forquetinha river/RS.
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Foley, David Christopher. "Ferritic-martensitic steel subjected to equal channel angular extrusion." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2537.
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Velard, Corentin. "Influence de paramètres microstructuraux sur les propriétés de corrosion d'un alliage de magnésium biorésorbable hyperdéformé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI037.
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Les alliages de magnésium sont des candidats prometteurs pour des applications d’implants biorésorbables. Dans ce contexte, la compréhension du lien entre microstructure et mécanismes de corrosion et de dégradation des alliages de magnésium constitue un enjeu important. L’objectif de ce travail a été d’étudier l’influence de la microstructure sur la dégradation d’un alliage Mg-2%Ca biocompatible. Pour cela, deux procédés d’hyper-déformation (le Friction Stir Processing et dans une moindre mesure l’Equal Channel Angular Pressing) ont été utilisés afin de modifier les paramètres microstructuraux. Ces deux procédés se sont avérés particulièrement efficaces pour réduire la taille des grains (des tailles de l’ordre du micron ont ainsi pu être produites), modifier la répartition spatiale et la taille des secondes phases présentes dans l’alliage et développer des textures cristallographiques particulières. Au final, malgré ces variations microstructurales importantes, l’impact sur la vitesse de dégradation demeure assez limité. L’analyse du comportement électrochimique a aidé à décorréler l’influence de ces paramètres microstructuraux sur la vitesse de dégradation ; certains d’entre eux pouvant se compenser. Si l'affinement des grains semble améliorer la résistance à la corrosion, en raison d’un film de produits de corrosion probablement plus cohérent avec le métal, le rôle joué par les secondes phases apparaît plus complexe : la simple dispersion spatiale des particules de seconde phase affecte peu le comportement électrochimique alors que l'affinement de ces particules semble influencer notablement la couche de produits de corrosion. Enfin, comme attendu, la texture cristallographique joue également un rôle significatif dans la résistance à la corrosion. Ce travail a ainsi permis de contribuer à une amélioration des connaissances concernant l’influence de la microstructure sur le comportement électrochimique d'un alliage magnésium-calciumMagnesium alloys are promising candidates for bioresorbable implant applications. In this context, understanding the link between microstructure and corrosion/degradation mechanisms of magnesium alloys is an important issue. The objective of this work was to study the influence of the microstructure on the degradation of a biocompatible Mg-2%Ca alloy. For this purpose, two hyper-deformation processes (Friction Stir Processing and to a lesser extent Equal Channel Angular Pressing) were used to modify the microstructural parameters. These two processes proved to be particularly effective in reducing the grain size (micron-sized grains could be produced), modifying the spatial distribution and size of the second phases present in the alloy and developing specific crystallographic textures. Finally, despite these important microstructural variations, the impact on the degradation rate remains quite limited. The analysis of the electrochemical behaviour helped to decorrelate the influence of these microstructural parameters on the degradation rate; some of them compensating each other. If grain refinement seems to improve the corrosion resistance, due to a coverage of corrosion products probably more coherent with the metal, the role of the second phases appears more complex: the spatial dispersion of the second phase particles has little effect on the electrochemical behaviour whereas the refinement of these particles seems to significantly influence the layer of corrosion products. Finally, as observed on pure Mg and other Mg alloys, crystallographic texture also plays a significant role in corrosion resistance. This work has hence contributed to the improvement of the understanding of the influence of the microstructure on the electrochemical behavior of a magnesium-calcium alloy
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Yapici, Guney Guven. "Investigation and modeling of processing-microstructure-property relations in ultra-fine grained hexagonal close packed materials under strain path changes." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1578.
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Simon, Anish Abraham. "Shape memory response and microstructural evolution of a severe plastically deformed high temperature shape memory alloy (NiTiHf)." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3139.
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NiTiHf alloys have attracted considerable attention as potential high temperature Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) but the instability in transformation temperatures and significant irrecoverable strain during thermal cycling under constant stress remains a major concern. The main reason for irrecoverable strain and change in transformation temperatures as a function of thermal cycling can be attributed to dislocation formation due to relatively large volume change during transformation from austenite to martensite. The formation of dislocations decreases the elastic stored energy, and during back transformation a reduced amount of strain is recovered. All these observations can be attributed to relatively soft lattice that cannot accommodate volume change by other means. We have used Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE), hot rolling and marforming to strengthen the 49.8Ni-42.2Ti-8Hf (in at. %) material and to introduce desired texture to overcome these problems in NiTiHf alloys. ECAE offers the advantage of preserving billet cross-section and the application of various routes, which give us the possibility to introduce various texture components and grain morphologies. ECAE was performed using a die of 90º tool angle and was performed at high temperatures from 500ºC up to 650ºC. All extrusions went well at these temperatures. Minor surface cracks were observed only in the material extruded at 500 °C, possibly due to the non-isothermal nature of the extrusion. It is believed that these surface cracks can be eliminated during isothermal extrusion at this temperature. This result of improved formability of NiTiHf alloy using ECAE is significant because an earlier review of the formability of NiTiHf using 50% rolling reduction concluded that the minimum temperature for rolling NiTi12%Hf alloy without cracks is 700°C. The strain level imposed during one 90° ECAE pass is equivalent to 69% rolling reduction. Subsequent to ECAE processing, a reduction in irrecoverable strain from 0.6% to 0.21% and an increase in transformation strain from 1.25% to 2.18% were observed at a load of 100 MPa as compared to the homogenized material. The present results show that the ECAE process permits the strengthening of the material by work hardening, grain size reduction, homogeneous distribution of fine precipitates, and the introduction of texture in the material. These four factors contribute in the increase of stability of the material. In this thesis I will be discussing the improvement of mechanical behavior and stability of the material achieved after various passes of ECAE.
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Holeczek, Adam Mack Joachim. "Prototypische Entwicklung eines ECAD-Variantenmoduls." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10277665.
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Alves, Flavio Soares. "Face a ecaF : quando "tu" dança." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285090.
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Orientador: Marilia Vieira SoaresDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de artes
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Resumo: O objetivo é compreender a natureza do processo criativo, observando a experiência do corpo, que encerra, na tensão entre forças opostas, o movimento da dança. A investigação penetrou no interior da linguagem da dança, seguindo os rastros da atuação energética que emana do corpo. ¿Quem dança em mim quando danço?¿. Este ¿quem¿ pode não ter uma identidade concreta, mas nos mobiliza a criação. Frente a este estímulo intangível, de um atuante elíptico de si mesmo, o artista se encontra "Face a ecaF", ou seja, face ao estranho dentro de si. Aberto a esta atraente estranheza, o corpo dá vazão à experiência sensível, e é a partir deste rastro que nos lançamos à criação de uma obra artística. O caminho investigativo trilhado deixou a mostra um processo metodológico vulnerável à inscrita do instante, o que torna o criador um aventureiro que desbrava as brumas de um espaço-tempo por vir ¿ a dança ¿ no curso intempestivo de estados alterados da consciência
Abstract: The objective is to understand the nature of the creative process observing the body experience that embodied in the tension between opposite forces in the dance movement. This study concentrated in the dance language following the tracks of the energy performance that emanates from the body. "Who dances in me when I dance? This "who" may not have a concrete identity but it mobilizes us to the creation. In front of this intangible stimulus, of a performer occult of himself the artist is "Face a ecaF", that's, in front of a stranger inside of himself. This ¿attractive stranger¿ mobilized us to the creation of an artistic work. The investigation indicated a methodology process vulnerable to inscription of instant so the creator becomes an adventurer who tames the mist of a spacetime for coming - the dance - in the untimely course of states changed of the conscience
Mestrado
Mestre em Artes
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Rocca, Giorgio <1994>. "Echi di Dante nella letteratura giapponese." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18592.
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Questa tesi ha come fine quello di delineare come Dante Alighieri abbia influenzato la letteratura giapponese dall’era Meiji ad oggi. La tesi è composta da una breve introduzione e da tre capitoli con annessa bibliografia.
Il primo capitolo consiste in una panoramica letteraria dell‘influenze che ha avuto Dante sui maggiori autori giapponesi moderni e contemporanei nell'ambito della prosa, della poesia e del manga.
Nel secondo capitolo cercherò di analizzare il concetto di peccato e inferno per Akutagawa Ryunosuke e di comprendere come i riferimenti all’Inferno di Dante vengano utilizzati come rappresentazione psicologica del protagonista dell’opera Haguruma.
Il terzo capitolo è incentrato su Ōe Kenzaburō. In questo capitolo esamino la vita, lo stile, i temi, e alcune delle opere più importanti dell’autore. Dopo di che prendo in esame la sua opera Gli anni della nostalgia. Analizzo il romanzo e alcune delle sue parti in cui Ōe Kenzaburō utilizza, attraverso i personaggi principali di Gii e Kei, le parole di Dante.
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Chen, Kenway. "MCAD - ECAD integration : constraint modeling and propagation /." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26484.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Schaefer, Dirk; Committee Member: Panchal, Jitesh; Committee Member: Paredis, Chris; Committee Member: Rosen, David; Committee Member: Yoder, Douglas. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Navrátilová, Lucie. "Únavové vlastnosti jemnozrnné mědi připravené metodou ECAP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228064.
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This diploma thesis describes properties of ultra-fine grain Cu prepared via ECAP procedure. The influence of fatigue loading with positive mean stress on S-N curve (i.e. fatigue life), cyclic plastic behaviour and grain size was investigated. It was found that tensile mean stress leads to shorter lifetime in comparison with fatigue loading with zero mean stress. During main part of the lifetime, significant hardening of UFG Cu was observed. There is no distinct effect on microstructural orientation and stability.
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DALPIAZ, P. L. M. "Dimorfismo Sexual na Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda e Função cardíaca de Ratos Espontaneamente Hipertensos: O Papel da Atividade da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina (ECA) e ECA2 no Ventrículo Esquerdo e no Rim." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/8079.
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Previous issue date: 2015-09-01Os hormônios sexuais podem ser um fator-chave para as diferenças entre os sexos observadas nos índices e na gravidade das doenças renais e cardiovasculares. Este é o primeiro estudo a relacionar função cardíaca, efeitos tróficos e status hormonal com a atividade tecidual de 2 importantes e antagônicos componentes do SRA, ECA e ECA2, no rim e ventrículo esquerdo (VE), de ratos SHRs. Ratos SHR machos (M) e fêmeas (F), 12 semanas de idade, fêmea (F) e macho (M) foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais (n = 7 em cada grupo): Sham (S) e Gonadectomizado (G). Cinquenta dias após gonadectomia, avaliamos: hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, dP/dt + e dP/dt -, atividade da ECA (aECA) e atividade da ECA2 (aECA2) no rim e no VE e Western Blot do receptor AT1, SERCA2a, fosfolambam (PLB) e razão da PLB/SERCA2a. Os machos SHR exibiram maior da aECA e aECA2, maior hipertrofia ventricular comparado as fêmeas. A orquiectomia reduziu aECA e a hipertrofia ventricular, enquanto a ovariectomia aumentou essas variáveis. A função cardíaca nos machos do grupo sham, apresentaram menor dP/dt+ (SM: 5140 ± 259 mmHg vs. SF: 6485 ± 178 mmHg) e menor dP/dt- do que as fêmeas (MS: -3.717 ± 129 mmHg vs. FS: -5.250 ± 115 mmHg). A gonadectomia, inverteu os resultados, as fêmeas tiveram redução da dP/dt+ (GM = 6.728 ± 177 mmHg vs GF: 5453 ± 229 mmHg) e dP/dt- (SM: -4.851 ± 290 mmHg vs GF = -3.913 ± 136 mmHg). Não foi observada diferença na SERCA2a, nem entre grupo sham, nem entre o grupo gonadectomizado, enquanto que o PLB e do PLB/ SERCA2a, somente a ovariectomia promoveu aumento nestas duas variáveis. Na expressão do receptor AT1, os machos exibiram maior expressão que as fêmeas, e gonadectomia reduziu nos machos e eliminou a diferença. A ovariectomia conduziu a aumento da hipertrofia cardíaca, maior aECA2, expressão PLB e da razão PLB/SERCA2a, e agravamento de variáveis hemodinâmicas, enquanto que nos machos, a remoção de testosterona teve efeito oposto. No rim, as fêmeas SHR apresentaram maior aECA e aECA2. A gonadectomia não mudou a ECA. Neste modelo, no rim. A ECA2 parece ter maior participação na modulação local que a ECA. A avaliação de dimorfismo sexual dos componentes do SRA pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento continuado de intervenções terapêuticas eficazes para as doenças cardiovasculares. Abstract There is growing interest in sex differences and RAS components; however, whether gender influences cardiac angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity is still unknown. In the present work we determined the relationship between ACE and ACE2 activity on kidney and heart, left ventricular function and gender in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Twelve-week-old female (F) and male (M) SHRs were divided into 2 experimental groups (n = 7 in each group): sham (S) and gonadectomized (G). Fifty days after gonadectomy, we measured positive and negative first derivatives (dP/dt+ and dP/dt-), hypertrophy (morphometric analysis) and ACE and ACE2 catalytic activity in kidney and LV (left ventricle). Expression of calcium handling proteins and AT1 receptor was measured by western blot analysis. Male rats exhibited higher cardiac ACE and ACE2 activity as well as hypertrophy compared to female rats. Orchiectomy reduced ACE activity and hypertrophy, while ovariectomy increased these variables. In relation to cardiac function, the sham group, male to compared female rats, had a lower +dP/dt (MS: 5140 ± 259 mmHg vs. FS: 6485 ± 178 mmHg) and lower -dP/dt (MS: -3.717 ± 129 mmHg vs. FS: -5.250 ± 115 mmHg) than the female sham group. After gonadectomy, the results inverted such that they were increased in males and reduced in female rats in dP/dt+ (GM = 6.728 ± 177 mmHg vs FG: 5453 ± 229 mmHg) and dP/dt- (SM: -4.851 ± 290 mmHg vs GF = -3.913 ± 136 mmHg). No difference among the groups in the SERCA2a protein expression was observed. The gonadectomy increased protein expression of PLB and the PLB to SERCA2a ratio in female rats, but did not alter in male rats. In conclusion, the ovariectomy leads to increased cardiac hypertrophy, ACE2 activity, PLB expression and PLB to SERCA2a ratio, and worsening of hemodynamic variables, wher-eas in males the removal of testosterone has the opposite effect in RAS components. Our data suggest that sex steroids are of great importance for both female and male SHRs in influencing cardiac function and in regulating the RAS in kidney and LV. In our study, in LV the withdrawal of estrogen in females led to increased cardiac hypertrophy, increased ACE2 activity, PLB expression and PLB to SERCA2a ratio, what could be related to worsening of hemodynamic variables. In males, however, the removal of testosterone had the opposite effect in RAS components. The increase in ACE2 activity after ovariectomy and the reduction after orchiectomy seems to be occurring to counterbalance the observed changes. In the kidney, in females the activity of ACE and ACE2 was higher, favoring the balance between these two important components of the RAS. In the male, conversely, lower levels of ACE and ACE2 favoring the imbalance. ACE, although important, has not changed with the hormonal status, so that in this model, the ACE2 have greater involvement in local modulation of these components. Certainly, the assessment of sexual dimorphism of the components of the RAS can help the continued development of effective therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular diseases.
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Sánchez, Zita Elena Lagos. "Escala Calidez de Enfermagem (ECAE): construção e validação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-21092018-120904/.
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Introdução: Calor humano (calidez em espanhol) é um atributo de grande importância na saúde, mas pouco estudado. Não existe um conceito universalmente aceito sobre calor humano, quais os fatores que o compõem ou como medi-lo. Os objetivos do estudo foram identificar os comportamentos e fatores de calor humano, construir definição desse construto e uma escala para medí-lo. Método: Estudo metodológica para construir e validar uma escala. Foi desenvolvido em três fases, de acordo com o proposto por Pasquali. Na fase de procedimentos teóricos foram identificados na literatura e por meio de entrevistas a 23 pacientes e 25 enfermeiras, comportamentos representativos de calor humano em enfermagem. Na fase empírica, esses comportamentos foram testados junto a pacientes internados. A fase analítica foi a identificação de fatores e das propriedades psicométricas. Resultados: A escala foi testada em 476 pacientes de instituições públicas e privadas. A análise psicométrica foi realizada utilizando o método de factores comuns, eixos principais e a rotação oblíqua. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória identificou 5 fatores e 35 itens e o Alfa de Cronbach testo a confiabilidade. Os fatores foram: F1-Conexão- relação não-verbal para o outro ( =0,943), F2-Empatia ( =0,909), F3- Conexão- relação verbal para o outro ( =0,914), F4- Inclusão ( =0,858) e F5- Confiança ( =0,852). O Alfa Cronbach total foi 0,93. O Índice de Tucker Lewis foi de 0,901. É possível obter-se escore por fator e total da ECAE e quando mais alto o escore, maior o calor humano. Após as fases teórica, empirica e analítica do estudo o conceito de calor humano foi estabelecido como O calorhumano é a capacidade de estabelecer e manter um relacionamento próximo e acolhedor que demonstre por meio de comportamentos verbais e não verbais, conexão e relacionamento com os outros, empatia, inclusão e confiança, de modo que, para o outro, significa uma experiência agradável. Conclusão: Construíu-se a Escala de Calor Humano em Enfermagem (ECAE), propos-se o conceito de calor humano em enfermagem e chave de escore para medir esse fenômeno. Trata-se de contribuição original que pode ser útil na clínica, ensino e pesquisa para a avaliação das competências interpessoais em enfermagem.Introduction: Warmth is an important attribute in health care; however, it is a scarcely studied phenomenon. There is no universally accepted concept of warmth, component description and/or measurement. The purposes of this research were to identify behaviors and factors associated with warmth, build a definition of this construct and a scale to measure it. Method: Methodological study about the building and validation of a measurement scale, developed in three phases, as proposed by Pasquali. In the theoretical phase, behaviors associated with warmth in nursing were identified by reviewing the literature and interviewing 23 patients and 25 nurses. In the empirical phase, these behaviors were tested with inpatients. In the analytical phase, factors and psychometric properties were identified. Results: The scale was applied to 476 patients of public and private institutions. The psychometric analysis was performed using the common factor method, main axes and oblique rotation. The Exploratory Factor Analysis identified 5 factors and 35 items, and Cronbachs Alpha measured reliability. The factors were: F1 - Non-verbal connection-relationship with the other (=0.943), F2 - Empathy (=0.909), F3 - Verbal connection-relationship with the other (=0.914), F4 - Inclusion (=0.858) and F5 - Confidence (=0.852). The total Cronbachs Alpha was 0.93. The Tucker-Lewis index was 0.901. It is possible to obtain a score by factor and by total, and the higher the score, the higher the human warmth. After the theoretical, empirical and analytical phases of the study, the construct was established as warmth is the ability to establish and maintain a close, welcoming relationship that demonstrates, through verbal and non-verbal behaviors, connection and relationship with the other person, empathy, inclusion and confidence, so that it finally means a pleasant experience for the other person. Conclusion: The Nursing Warmth Scale (ECAE) was developed, and a concept of warmth in nursing and a measurement scale were proposed. It is an original contribution that may be useful in clinical practices, teaching and research for the evaluation of interpersonal skills in nursing.
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Wilcox, Adam C. "ECAD to MCAD Interoperability for Automated Enclosure Design." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2690.pdf.
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Darida, Jiří. "Mechanické vlastnosti hořčíkové slitiny AZ91E připravené metodou ECAP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254287.
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This thesis deals with mechanical and fatigue properties of magnesium alloy AZ91 processed by EX-ECAP method. This method involves the application of extrusion followed by equal-channel angular pressing. To obtain basic mechanical characteristics, the tensile test were carried out at room and elevated temperatures. Further the fatigue tests were performed and obtained data were used to compile S-N curve. The work also includes metallographics analysis of microstructure and fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces of tensile and fatigue test specimens.
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Palmadottir, Julia. "Extracting ECA rules from UML." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-541.
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Active technology in database management systems (DBMS) enables the movement of behaviour dependent on the system’s state, from the application software to a rule base in the DBMS. With active technology in database systems, the problem of how to design active behaviour has become an important issue. Modelling processes do not foresee support for design of active rules which can lead to conflicts between the event-condition-action (ECA) rules representing the active behaviour and the application systems, using the active DBMS. The unified modelling language (UML) is a widely used notation language and is the main subject in this project. Its features will be investigated to acknowledge to what extend UML modelling diagrams provide information that can be used to formulate ECA rules.
To achieve this, two methods where developed. One of the methods was applied on use-case UML modelling diagrams. The use-case models were developed by means of reflecting a real-life organisation. The results from applying the method on the use-case models were that there are features in UML that can be expressed with ECA rules.
Active technology in database management systems (DBMS) enables the movement of behaviour dependent on the system’s state, from the application software to a rule base in the DBMS. With active technology in database systems, the problem of how to design active behaviour has become an important issue. Modelling processes do not foresee support for design of active rules which can lead to conflicts between the event-condition-action (ECA) rules representing the active behaviour and the application systems, using the active DBMS. The unified modelling language (UML) is a widely used notation language and is the main subject in this project. Its features will be investigated to acknowledge to what extend UML modelling diagrams provide information that can be used to formulate ECA rules.
To achieve this, two methods where developed. One of the methods was applied on use-case UML modelling diagrams. The use-case models were developed by means of reflecting a real-life organisation. The results from applying the method on the use-case models were that there are features in UML that can be expressed with ECA rules.
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Zhang, Chen. "An ECA-Based ZigBee Receiver." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31516.
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Element CXI's Elemental Computing Array (ECA) delivers faster reconfiguration time and higher computational density than Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) with similar computational power. It provides higher computational power than Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) with similar power consumption and price. It also utilizes a library-based graphical development environment promoting ease of use and fast development. In this thesis, the design and implementation of a ZigBee receiver on an Element CXI ECA-64 platform is presented. The ZigBee receiver is evaluated through simulations and implementation on an ECA device. During the design and implementation of the ZigBee receiver, some design experience and tips are concluded. The design methodology on the ECA is studied in detail to assure the implementationâ s correctness, since the methodology of the ECA is different from that of other platforms.Master of Science
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Bryant, Don O. "Grain refinement of cast niobium via equal channel angular extrusion/annealing." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4771.
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This research investigated the effectiveness of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) and annealing to
improve the grain morphology and mechanical properties of electron-beam remelted pure niobium.
Extrusions were performed at room temperature with a 90o die. Routes 1A, 2C, 4E and 8E were investigated
with duplicate billets undergoing routes 1A, 2C and 4E to determine reproducibility.
Niobium proved to be very workable during the ECAE process. Hardness increased most dramatically
after the first pass and leveled off thereafter.
Recrystallization temperatures for the Reference Metals material ranged from a low of 800o C for routes
2C, 4E and 8E to a high of 1000o C for route 1A. For the Wah Chang material, the recrystallization
temperatures ranged from a low of 800o C for the 4E ECAE processed material to a high of 950o C for the asreceived
material.
The initial grain size and orientation have been hypothesized to be influential on recrystallized grain
morphology for ECAE/annealing processed niobium. Smaller initial grains produce a smaller and more
homogeneous recrystallized grain microstructure. The average grain diameters for the recrystallized 4E
ECAE processed Wah Chang material are 13 ñ 6.3 mm for the 1000o C annealed state (no banding) and are 21
ñ 9.5 mm for the 1100o C annealed state (no banding). Reference Metals material that underwent route 4E
and annealed at 1000o C resulted in an average grain diameter of 28 mm for billet 2 (banding) and an average
grain diameter of 32 mm for billet 19 (slight banding). Reference Metals material that underwent route 8E (no
banding) annealed at 1000o C resulted in an average grain diameter of 36 mm. Reference Metals material that
underwent route 4E samples annealed at 1100o C resulted in an average grain diameter of 26 mm for billet 2
(banding) and an average grain diameter of 43 mm for billet 19 (slight banding). Route 8E (significant
banding) annealed at 1100o C resulted in an average grain diameter of 29 mm.
Strain failure decreases from the as-cast material to the worked/recrystallized material while the 0.2%
yield stress and ultimate tensile strength increase from the as-cast material to the worked/recrystallized
material.
Long sub-grains are created in the as-worked material after one and two passes and become more broken
up after four passes. Sub-grain boundary angles increase with increasing strain.
To produce a fine and homogeneous microstructure from large grained niobium, intermediate annealing
should be employed.
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Haouaoui, Mohammed. "An investigation of bulk nanocrystalline copper fabricated via severe plastic deformation and nanoparticle consolidation." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4861.
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Ultrafine grained (UFG) and nanocrystalline materials have attracted considerable
interest because of their unique mechanical properties as compared with coarse grained
conventional materials. The fabrication of relatively large amounts of these materials still
remains a challenge, and a thorough understanding of the relationship between
microstructure and mechanical properties is lacking. The objective of this study was to
investigate the mechanical properties of UFG and nanocrystalline copper obtained
respectively by a top down approach of severe plastic deformation of wrought copper and
a bottom up approach of consolidation of copper nanoparticles using equal channel
angular extrusion (ECAE). A critical assessment and correlation of the mechanical
behavior of ECAE processed materials to the microstructure was established through the
determination of the effect of strain level and strain path on the evolution of strength,
ductility and yield anisotropy in UFG oxygen free high conductivity copper in correlation
with grain size, grain morphology and texture.
ECAE was shown to be a viable method to fabricate relatively large
nanocrystalline consolidates with excellent mechanical properties. Tensile strengths as
high as 790 MPa and fracture strain of 7 % were achieved for consolidated 130nm copper powder. The effects of extrusion route, number of passes and extrusion rate on
consolidation performance were evaluated. The relatively large strain observed was
attributed to the bimodal grain size distribution and accommodation by large grains. The
formation of bimodal grain size distribution also explains the simultaneous increase in
strength and ductility of ECAE processed wrought Cu with number of passes. Texture
alone cannot explain the mechanical anisotropy in UFG wrought copper but we showed
that grain morphology has a strong impact and competes with texture and grain
refinement in controlling the resulting yield strength. Tension-compression asymmetry
was observed in UFG wrought copper. This asymmetry is not always in favor of
compression as reported in literature, and is also influenced by grain morphology through
the interaction of dislocations with grain boundaries. Different prestrains in tension and
compression should be experimented to have a better understanding of the encountered
anisotropy in Bauschinger parameter in relation with the observed tension-compression
asymmetry.
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Li, Yi. "High performance electrically conductive adhesives (ecas) for leadfree interconnects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26518.
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Electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) are one of the lead-free interconnect materials with the advantages of environmental friendliness, mild processing conditions, fewer processing steps, low stress on the substrates, and fine pitch interconnect capability. However, some challenging issues still exist for the currently available ECAs, including lower electrical conductivity, conductivity fatigue in reliability tests, limited current-carrying capability, poor impact strength, etc. The interfacial properties is one of the major considerations when resolving these challenges and developing high performance conductive adhesives.
Surface functionalization and interface modification are the major approaches used in this thesis. Fundamental understanding and analysis of the interaction between various types of interface modifiers and ECA materials and substrates are the key for the development of high performance ECA for lead-free interconnects. The results of this thesis provide the guideline for the enhancement of interfacial properties of metal-metal and metal-polymer interactions. Systematic investigation of various types of ECAs contributes to a better understanding of materials requirements for different applications, such as surface mount technology (SMT), flip chip applications, flat panel display modules with high resolution, etc. Improvement of the electrical, thermal and reliability of different ECAs make them a potentially ideal candidate for high power and fine pitch microelectronics packaging option.
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Davies, Gavin. "Understanding and calibrating the DS-ECAL for T2K'S ND280." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.587050.
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The T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) experiment is an off-axis long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment with a baseline of 295 km to the Super-Kamiokande far detector. The near detec- tor, ND280, measures the flux and energy spectra of electron and muon neutrinos 280m from the muon neutrino beam source. Electromagnetic calorimeters constructed from lead and plas- tic scintillator bars cover the largest active area in ND280. The most downstream calorimeter is the Downstream Electromagnetic Calorimeter (DS-ECal). This thesis details aspects of the construction and calibration of the DS-ECal. Construction of the DS-ECal and quality assurance of the scintillator bars was performed at Lancaster University. All scintillator bars that were selected for optical quality assurance tests were accepted for use in the construction of the DS-ECal. Each bar that was tested was shown to have a light yield within ~2δ of the mean light yield of 35.9 ± 4.9 photoelectrons per minimum- ionising particle, measured at 66 cm from the scintillator bar end with three wavelength-shifting fibres coupled to a photomultiplier readout. Cosmic ray data collected at CERN, upon the successful construction of the DS-ECal, was used to develop a simple track-selection algorithm that reconstructed the position of charge deposits in the DS-ECal. The resulting attenuation profiles of all bars have been demonstrated to be consistent with one another within uncertainties using a developed quadruple-exponential function that describes the attenuation of the detected light along the length of the DS-ECal scintillator bars both quantitatively and qualitatively. The attenuation length of light traveling along the length of scintillator bars within the calorimeter has been measured to be 341 ± 90 cm. This is consistent with expected values of the order of 350 cm for Yll WLS fibres. The Tokai (in - situ) and CERN cosmic ray data are also shown to be consistent with within approximately 1 % as calculated from the mean most probable value of a convoluted Landau-Gaussian distribution of charge hits at several positions along the bars for all channels in the detector combined. The DS-ECal is currently collecting neutrino data for inclusion in the T2K 20l0a physics run and is in good working order with only 11 dead channels from a total of 3400.
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Pontes, Marcos Javert Hilgemberg. "Estudo do processamento de um aço inoxidável dúplex SAF2205 por canal angular." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1446.
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The processing by equal channel angular extrusion of a duplex stainless steel UNS32205/S31803, with ferritic-austenitic structures, was studied, processing until four passes each sample. The reason of this processing was to promote a grain refinement in the material, to achieve ultrafined grain material by severe plastic deformation. Different number of passes were used in this processing to evaluate how the number of extrusions in the same sample influences the deformation imposed to the material. After processing, some different heat treatments were done in the samples to evaluate the recrystallization process in the processed material. In this study, it was possible to verify the increasing level of deformation in the material after every new processing in the sample, this was verified by the changes in grain orientation and by microstructure evaluation. It was possible to reduce the stress level to values that can avoid the breaking of punctures during processing, this allowed to process the material with a greater number of passes in a material with a high resistance like the duplex stainless steels. Strain bands were found in the structure of the processed material, this indicates high levels of deformation.
Foi realizado o estudo do processamento de um aço inoxidável dúplex SAF2205,com microestrutura ferrítica-austenítica, por extrusão em canal angular por até quatro passes. O objetivo deste processamento foi a obtenção de um refino de grãos no material, atingindo uma estrutura de grãos ultrafinos, a partir da aplicação de deformações plásticas severas. Foram realizados diferentes modos de processamento, variando o número de passes pela matriz e depois foi avaliado como este parâmetro influencia na deformação imposta ao material. Após o processamento por ECA (Extrusão por Canal Angular), foram realizados diferentes tratamentos térmicos para avaliar a cinética de recristalização do material. Foi possível verificar o nível crescente de deformação do material após cada passe, com o acompanhamento da orientação dos grãos e avaliações microestruturais. Foi possível reduzir os níveis de tensões o suficiente para evitar a quebra de punções durante o processamento, permitindo um número maior de passes para um material com a resistência do aço inoxidável dúplex. Foram verificadas bandas de deformação no material processado, indicando níveis elevados de deformação.
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Garrity, Jordan, Farid Breidi, and John Lumkes. "Design of a High Performance Energy Coupling Actuated Valve (ECAV)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-200732.
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Most commercially available valves are able to produce a large flow rate or a fast response, but are incapable of producing both simultaneously. Commercially available valves that can achieve both are expensive as they require multiple stages of actuation and piloting pressures to deliver large flow rates quickly, preventing them from being broadly used in fluid power applications. This work investigates the design of an Energy Coupling Actuated Valve (ECAV) that is capable of solving this trade-off between large flow and fast switching times through the use of an innovative, high performance actuation system. The ECAV is a new development in valve technology in the area of hydraulic, high speed, proportional and digital on/off valves. High speed actuation is produced through the intermittent coupling of a kinetic energy source with a translational poppet or spool. This coupling process occurs through the use of magnetorheological fluid and a controlled magnetic flux through the fluid in the energy coupler. The ECAV has several design advantages including proportional force control and a large (7mm) stroke capability. Early results predict a nominal flow rate of 100 L/min at a 5 bar pressure drop can be achieved with a 3 ms on/off response time.
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Ribeiro, Ivan Jader Alves. "Modelo ECSI : o caso de uma concessionária do setor automóvel." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14696.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialNo setor automóvel, é essencial para as empresas diferenciarem-se em relação à sua concorrência na qualidade do serviço prestado ao cliente, pois esta é elevada em toda a indústria automóvel, sendo cada vez mais difícil obter vantagens competitivas. Perceber quais os fatores que mais afetam a satisfação e lealdade dos clientes é muito importante para as empresas. O presente estudo pretende responder a esta questão utilizando o modelo ECSI. A este modelo foram adicionadas duas variáveis, nomeadamente, a confiança e a comunicação, consideradas como antecedentes da lealdade em estudos recentes. Para testar o modelo conceptual proposto, foi desenvolvido um questionário que foi aplicado a clientes de uma concessionária do setor automóvel. No total foram obtidas 184 respostas válidas. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se o sucesso na replicabilidade deste modelo ao setor automóvel. Foi também possível verificar que o modelo ajuda a explicar a qualidade do serviço, a satisfação e a lealdade dos clientes neste setor. A adição da comunicação e confiança no modelo ECSI permitiu explicar melhor a satisfação e lealdade dos clientes. Foi concluído que as variáveis que mais afetam a lealdade do cliente, são a comunicação, depois a confiança e por fim a satisfação. Para a satisfação, a variável da qualidade percebida é a que a afeta mais, seguida das expetativas, e da imagem. As relações da imagem com a lealdade, do valor percebido com a satisfação, da comunicação com a satisfação, e das reclamações com a lealdade, não foram suportadas.
In the automotive sector, it is essential for companies to differentiate themselves from their competitors in the quality of their customer service, as it is high throughout the automotive industry, and it is increasingly difficult to obtain competitive advantages. Realizing which factors most affect customer satisfaction and loyalty is very important to companies. The present study intends to answer this question using the ECSI model. Two variables were added to this model, namely, trust and communication, considered as antecedents of loyalty in recent studies. In order to test the proposed conceptual model, a survey was developed and applied to customers of a car dealership. A total of 184 valid answers were obtained. According to the results obtained, it was verified the success in the replicability of this model to the automotive sector. It was also possible to verify that the model helps explaining the quality of service, customer satisfaction and loyalty in this sector. The addition of communication and trust in the ECSI model allowed us to better explain customer satisfaction and loyalty. It was concluded that the variables that most affect customer loyalty are communication, trust and satisfaction. For satisfaction, the perceived quality variable is the one that affects it the most, followed by expectations and image. Relations between image and loyalty, perceived value and satisfaction, communication and satisfaction, and, finally, complaints and loyalty, were not supported.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Bortolini, Junior Celso. "Estudo da liga experimental Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn após deformação plástica severa (ECAP) /." Guaratinguetá, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192622.
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Orientador: Ana Paula Rosifini ClaroResumo: Dentre os materiais utilizados em aplicações biomédicas, o titânio e suas ligas apresentaram destaque devido a suas excelentes propriedades de volume, como por exemplo, resistência mecânica. No entanto, essas propriedades estão diretamente ligadas à microestrutura, que estão diretamente relacionadas com o seu processamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da deformação plástica severa por Equal Channel Angular Presssing (ECAP) na microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas da liga experimental Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn. Os lingotes da liga Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn foram processados em forno de fusão a arco voltaico com atmosfera controlada e submetidos a tratamento térmico de homogeneização para posterior forjamento a frio. Para o processamento por ECAP os lingotes foram previamente tratados por solubilização. Uma matriz com canal de 90º foi utilizada no processamento por ECAP, seguindo a rota Bc, processando o material com 2 e 4 passes. A morfologia, composição e estrutura foram investigadas usando microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e análise por EBSD. As análises de microscopia e EBSD mostraram uma estrutura com uma mistura de grãos refinados e grãos grosseiros após 2 passes e uma homogeneidade maior de grãos refinados após 4 passes. A difração de Raios X indicou a formação da fase α'' e β após 2 passes do processamento por ECAP e após 4 passes apenas a fase β estava presente na estrutura.
Doutor
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Faria, Cleber Granato de. "Processamento multiaxial cíclico em alumínio comercialmente puro processado por ECAP." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9UPQ3U.
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Materiais metálicos com grãos ultrafinos obtidos por métodos de deformação plástica severa (SPD) possuem alta resistência mecânica. Porém, uma das principais limitações para o uso destes materiais é sua baixa ductilidade. De acordo com os estudos da literatura, o processamento cíclico em materiais metálicos pré-deformados plasticamente pode promover o amaciamento ou encruamento, de acordo com seu estado inicial e condições de processamento. Dessa forma, uma opção para o aumento da ductilidade destes materiais seria submetê-los a esforços cíclicos. Estudos sobre o comportamento de materiais com grãos ultrafinos sob fadiga de baixo ciclo mostram que para poucos ciclos de deformação, pode ocorrer o amaciamento após este carregamento. Neste trabalho se avalia o comportamento do alumínio comercialmente puro quando submetido ao processamento multiaxial cíclico após ser processado pelo método de SPD denominado Extrusão Angular em Canais Iguais (ECAP). Para tal, o material pré-deformado por ECAP, em um passe, foi submetido a ensaios de compressão multiaxiais cíclicas, com amplitude de deformação de 0,075. Em função da deformação heterogênea associada a compressão de metais, foi necessário o desenvolvimento de uma técnica especial para a realização desses ensaios. Os resultados mostram que a deformação multiaxial cíclica promove a redução na taxa de encruamento para o alumínio recozido e o amaciamento do material pré-deformado por um passe de ECAP, e que após o processamento cíclico o material recozido e processado por ECAP encrua com taxa maior que o material apenas recozido.
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DI, RAIMO Luigi. "Naso cothurnatus. Echi tragici e prassi spettacolare nell'epistolografia ovidiana dell'esilio." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Cassino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11580/83989.
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Ovid's poetic career testifies a great contamination among genres, from the first works to the exilic ones. Also during his 'relegatio', he continues his experimentation. That allows us to read Tristia and Epistulae ex Ponto like a product of rhetoric, elegiac and tragic rules. The aim of this PhD dissertation is to value the influence of the ancient theatre (especially tragedy) on the tale of Ovid's misfortune, analizyng the concept of 'error' through the tragic element of ἁμαρτία, examining the description of Tomi and the settings of tragic plots, comparing the portrait of the 'exul' with the heroes protagonists of those plots and, after that, analyzing the poetic tecniques that Ovid seems to draw from Latin and Greek tragedies.
Is possible to read the Ovidian exilic elegies like a tragic tale, constructed in accordance with the Aristotle’s Poetica and its principles? Is his 'relegatio' a new poetic tragedy in an elegiac form? Is Ovid a new tragic hero? This PhD dissertation tries to answer to these questions.
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Toniolo, Silvia <1991>. ""Gli echi e il ricordo": la narrativa di Nelida Milani." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8752.
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Nella tesi si analizzano gli elementi tematici e le peculiarità linguistiche delle raccolte di romanzi brevi e di racconti di Nelida Milani, linguista, scrittrice e saggista istriana.
Nel primo capitolo si offre la presentazione generale dell’autrice, fornendo alcune informazioni biografiche e sulla sua attività scientifica. Verranno inoltre introdotte le opere che si prenderanno in esame e brevemente descritti gli eventi politici e storici attorno a cui vertono i suoi testi (dallo sconvolgente evento dell’esodo, alle tensioni e alle guerre tra gli stati della ex Jugoslavia).
Nel secondo capitolo si propone l’analisi dei temi portanti della sua narrativa. I temi presi in esame non sono dissimili da quelli esposti da altri autori istriani, ma Nelida Milani, una non-esodata, racconta soprattutto le sofferenze di chi è “rimasto”: quello che emerge è un profondo attaccamento alle proprie tradizioni, alla memoria e al ricordo, per non rischiare di perdere la propria identità. A questi argomenti si affiancano temi universali come la morte, l’amore, l’abbandono, la lotta tra il bene e il male, filtrai dall’esperienza personale e dall’autobiografia, da una scrittura vitale e ironica.
Nel terzo capitolo si esaminano gli elementi linguistici usati sapientemente dalla scrittrice: l’ampio ricorso al dialetto istro-veneto e al bilinguismo; la compresenza di diversi registri linguistici e scelte lessicali; l’uso del monologo interiore e dell’indiretto libero.
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Ericsson, Ann-Marie. "Deriving ECA-rules from timed-automata specifications." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-655.
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Real-time systems are required to answer to external stimuli within a specified time-period. For this to be possible, the systems behaviour must be predictable. The use of active databases in real-time systems introduces unpredictability in the system, e.g. due to their use of active rules. The behaviour in active databases is usually specified in ECA-rules. Sets of ECA-rules are hard to analyse, which implies that the behaviour of the ECA-rule set is hard to predict.
The purpose of this project is to evaluate the ability to support the development of a predictable ECA-rule set. Using a formal method for the specification task is desirable, since a formal specification is analysable and can be proven correct. In this project, timed-automata are used for specifying the systems behaviour. A method for deriving predictable ECA-rules from a timed-automaton specification is developed, and successfully applied on a case-study specification. For this case-study specification, a set of ECA-rules preserving the analysed behaviour of the timed-automata specification is derived.
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Hasani, Arman. "Modélisation de lignes d'écoulement en extrusion angulaire à section constante et non-constante." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ012S/document.
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Deux nouveaux modèles de ligne l'écoulement ont été proposés; un nouveau « fan-modèle » (FM) et un « modèle de loi-puissance » généralisé (PLM). Le FM est examiné sur les lignes d'écoulement expérimentalement obtenues pour Al par une ECAE de 90° et de 120°. Le PLM est comparé également aux champs d'écoulement obtenus à partir des simulations d'éléments finis. Pour le PLM, les effets de ses paramètres sur le taux maximum de déformation et la déformation équivalente de von Mises sont analysés. Les lignes d'écoulement expérimentales de l'Al dans les ECAE à 90° et 120° sont analysées avec le PLM. En utilisant le PLM, l'effet de la contre-pression sur le champ de déformation dans une ECAE ECAE de 90° pour un alliage d'aluminium 6061 est analysé. L'application de ces deux modèles dans la simulation de texture est présentée. L'effet de chaque paramètre de PLM sur le développement de texture dans la ECAE de 90° et de 135° a été simulé. La comparaison des textures simulées avec celles de l'expérience pour le Cu et l'Al obtenus à partir des essais ECAE à 135° est présentée et les différences entre elles ont été discutées. Les simulations de texture pour le Cu extrudé par une ECAE à 90° employant le modèle ligne d'écoulement appelé fan-type sont faites. L'extrusion angulaire de canal non-égal (NECAE) comme nouveau procédé de SPD est également présentée. Le changement de forme d'un élément de matière pendant ce procédé dans une matrice à 90° est étudié et une nouvelle fonction de ligne d'écoulement est proposée. En outre, le développement de texture dans NECAE est simulé et comparé aux textures dans le procédé d'ECAETwo new flow line models were proposed; a new “fan-model” (FM) and a generalized “power-law model” (PLM). The FM is tested on experimentally obtained flow lines in Al ECAE processed through a 90° and a120° die. The PLM is compared also with the flow fields obtained from finite element simulations. For the PLM, the effects of its parameters on the maximum strain rate and von Mises equivalent strain are analysed. The experimental flow lines in ECAE deformed Al are analyzed with regard to these parameters and their variation within the 90° and 120° dies is discussed. Using the PLM, the effect of the back pressure on the deformation field in a 90° ECAE die for an aluminium alloy 6061 is analysed. Application of these two models in texture simulation is presented. The effects of each parameter of PLM on texture development in 90° and 135° ECAE die have been simulated. The comparison of simulated textures with those from experiment for Cu and Al obtained from 135° ECAE tests was presented and the differences between them were discussed. The texture simulations for Cu ECAE processed through a 90° die using the fan-type flow line model is done with a very good agreement with experiment. The non-equal channel angular extrusion (NECAE) as a new SPD process is also presented. Material element shape change during this process within a 90° die is studied and a new flow line function is presented and validated using finite element simulations. Furthermore, texture development in NECAE is simulated and compared with the textures of the ECAE process
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Nedfors, Nils. "Characterization of lead tungstate crystals optical properties for CERN CMS ECAL." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16595.
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The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN have a capacity to produce protonproton collisions with an energy of 14 TeV. Four particle detectors are included in the LHC with the purpose to detect all the particles that are created in the collisions. In one of these detectors are scintillating lead tungstate crystals used, to detect the energy of photons and electrons created in the collisions. The energy is detected by measuring of the emitted light from the scintillating crystals. As much knowledge as possible about the optical properties of the crystals are desired to be able to analyze the acquired data from the crystals.
This thesis work presents some techniques used for the characterization of the optical properties for the crystals. It also presents measurements done on the decay time of lead tungstate crystals and on the temperature influence to the light yield from the crystals. These measurement results are in addition used in an attempt to estimate how big influence the Cherenkov radiation has to the total amount of emitted light from the scintillating crystals.
The influence from the temperature to the light yield is around −2.02 %/◦C for BTCP and around −1.75 %/◦C for SIC1. No conclusions could been drawn concerning the influence from the Cherenkov radiation to the total amount of emitted light from the temperature measurements.The decay time measurements showed an influence from the Cherenkov radiation to the total amount of emitted light of; 8 % for crystal 1003, 47 % for crystal 1002 and 19 % for crystal 1001.
1BTCP (Bogoroditsk Technical Chemical Plant) and SIC (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics) are the two different crystal production facilities used for the production of the crystals.
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Pereira, Alain Magalhães. "Deformação plástica severa por ECAP de ligas com memória de forma." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9962.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia de MateriaisOs metais com memória de forma são materiais capazes de sofrer uma transformação martensítica termoelástica. Nas ligas de memória de forma de níquel titânio, que são quase equiatómicas, trata-se da capacidade da transformação da fase martensítica (B19’ e/ou R) em austenite (B2) ser reversível. Os tratamentos termomecânicos das ligas de níquel-titânio afectam as transformações de fase e as respectivas propriedades mecânicas. O trabalho desenvolvido nesta tese de mestrado vem na senda de outros conduzidos no CENIMAT que tiveram por enfoque respectivamente o efeito dos tratamentos térmicos[1], dos tratamentos térmicos e mecânicos[2], a deformação plástica severa por torção sob pressão elevada − high pressure torsion - HPT) − nas ligas de memória de forma de níquel-titânio, e um conjunto de experiências mais recentes de deformação plástica severa por extrusão angular por canais de secção idêntica (ECAP) em ligas de alumínio. O ECAP (Equal Channel Angular Pression) consiste num processo de deformação plástica severa onde um sólido é sujeito a um esforço de corte ao passar pela região de intersecção de dois canais. O conjunto dos dispositivos existentes no laboratório do CENIMAT oferece um leque de parâmetros de processamento do ECAP, a saber: O ângulo de intersecção entre canais, a temperatura, a sequência e número de passagens. O processo de deformação plástica severa por ECAP foi com sucesso implementado no CENIMAT e um modo operatório é descrito e proposto neste documento. Os objectivos desta tese consistem em: – Estudar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas de processamento por ECAP sobre as características de transformação das ligas de Ni-Ti; – Analisar o grau de importância relativa da distribuição heterogénea da deformação ao longo da espessura da amostra processada por ECAP. Para alcançar os mencionados objectivos foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas de análise: – Calorimetria diferencial de varrimento − diferential scanning calorimetry (DSC); – Difracção de raios X (DRX) com radiação convencional; – Difracção de raios X (DRX) com radiação sincrotrão. Os resultados obtidos por DSC mostram que as características de transformação da liga estudada de Ni-Ti rica em níquel são mais afectadas pelo processamento por ECAP que as da outra liga estudada rica em titânio. Uma explicação para essa diferença é proposta. As análises à temperatura ambiente por feixe de sincrotrão da liga de Ni-Ti rica em titânio evidenciam uma homogeneidade da estrutura cristalina do material processado quer ao longo do comprimento quer da espessura.
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Mack, Joachim. "Realisierungskonzept für die Implementierung eines Software-Prototypen fuer ein ECAD Variantenmodul." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9866641.
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Navrátilová, Lucie. "Mikrostruktura, její stabilita a únavové vlastnosti ultrajemnozrnné mědi připravené metodou ECAP." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234000.
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This work deals with fatigue properties and stability of microstructure of ultrafine-grained (UFG) copper prepared by severe plastic deformation by means of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method. The effect of different fatigue loading regimes and thermal exposition on microstructural changes was investigated and the fatigue lifetime curves were experimentally determined. The research attention was focussed on localization of cyclic plastic deformation and fatigue crack initiation in UFG structure. Experimental results indicate that after stress-controlled fatigue loading (both symmetrical and asymmetrical) the microstructure remains ultrafine; no grain coarsening was observed. Contrary to this, strain-controlled fatigue loading results in formation of bimodal structure. Grain coarsening was observed also after thermal exposition at 250 °C for 30 minutes. Annealing at lower temperatures does not result in grain coarsening or development of bimodal structure. Fatigue loading results in development of surface relief in form of cyclic slip markings. Their density, distribution and shape differ for particular fatigue loading regimes. Differences in crack initiation mechanism in low- and high-cycle fatigue region were found. Nevertheless, the characteristic feature for all loading regimes was stability of UFG microstructure in the region of cyclic slip bands and fatigue cracks.
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Cruz, Cátia Sofia Lopes da. "Um estudo sobre a satisfação e lealdade dos consumidores na Distribuição Moderna aplicando o Modelo Europeu de Satisfação do Cliente (ECSI): o caso português." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3807.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências EmpresariaisEsta dissertação teve como objectivo principal a área da satisfação dos clientes. Mais precisamente fazer uma aplicação e extensão do modelo de ECSI (Índice de Satisfação do Cliente) para medir a satisfação e a lealdade em relação aos hipermercados e supermercados portugueses, identificando as variáveis que mais determinam a lealdade em relação a esses estabelecimentos. Após uma revisão da literatura sobre as antecedentes mais importantes, é apresentada uma adaptação do modelo ECSI, introduzindo duas novas variáveis no modelo: a confiança e o compromisso. Relativamente à metodologia, foi utilizado um design descritivo, através da aplicação de um questionário online a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 199 indivíduos. O processamento de dados foi feito através de uma análise estatística com o SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), seguida de uma análise de equações estruturais (SEM) através do programa PLS (Partial Least Squares). Os resultados demonstram de uma forma geral que os clientes encontram-se bastante satisfeitos com o serviço e com a qualidade/valor oferecido pelo seu supermercado/hipermercado. Concluiu-se também, a acrescida importância da imagem percebida, esta integra todas as associações possíveis do modelo sendo assim o ponto de partida para formação de satisfação e de lealdade. The main focus of this paper is customer satisfaction. Primarily applying an extension of the European Customer Satisfaction Index (ECSI) to Portuguese supermarkets in order to assess which variables most determine satisfaction and loyalty. After a literature review considering all the most relevant antecedents, an adaptation of the ECSI model is proposed by adding two new variables: trust and commitment. Regarding the methodology, we selected a descriptive research design. Data was collected from a non-probability and convenience sample of 199 customers using an online questionnaire. Statistical analysis with SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and structural equation modelling (SEM) with PLS (Partial Least Squares) were employed to analyse the data. The findings suggest that customers are quite satisfied with the service and quality/value offered by their supermarket. The findings also show that perceived image is a key variable because it comprises all possible associations in the model and thus is considered the most effective starting point in generating satisfaction and loyalty.
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Rainho, Paulo Alexandre Jorge. "Impacto da satisfação dos formandos sobre a reformulação dos cursos: O caso dos auditores do 30º Curso de Formação Inicial de Magistrados." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6596.
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Tese de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas PúblicasO presente estudo científico decorreu nas instalações do Centro de Estudos Judiciários (CEJ) e envolveu os alunos/auditores do 30.º Curso de Formação Inicial de Magistrados. O principal objetivo residiu na avaliação à qualidade dos serviços prestados durante o período de formação inicial de um magistrado judicial ou do Ministério Público e se o grau de Satisfação com a prestação de serviços contribui para a Lealdade dos auditores e em que medida essa Lealdade se traduz no seu Envolvimento com a instituição. Este objetivo assentou no Índice Europeu de Satisfação do Cliente – ECSI – cujos modelos estrutural e de medida foram devidamente adaptado à realidade do CEJ. Este instrumento científico de avaliação da satisfação e da perceção de qualidade dos serviços possibilitará à instituição, se assim o entender, definir as áreas de atuação e que se promovam ações que favoreçam a satisfação do futuro magistrado enquanto na fase de aluno/auditor e superem as suas expectativas; se prossiga uma contínua melhoria dos serviços oferecidos numa perspetiva de otimização dos recursos disponíveis e, consequentemente, se aumente os índices de satisfação. Em adição, o CEJ poderá ponderar candidatar-se à certificação enquanto organismo com um sistema de Gestão da Qualidade pela norma NP EN ISO 9001:2008.
This scientific study took place at the premises of the Center for Judiciary Studies (CEJ) and involved students/auditors of the 30th Initial Training Course of Magistrates. Its main objective was to evaluate the quality of services provided during the period of the initial formation of a judicial magistrate or Public Prosecutor and if the degree of Satisfaction with the provision of services contributes to the Loyalty of auditors, and to what extent this Loyalty is translated into Involvement with the institution. This objective was based on the European Index of Customer Satisfaction ECSI whose structural and measurement models were duly adapted to the reality of CEJ. This scientific instrument for evaluating the satisfaction and the perception of service quality will enable the institution, if wished, to define areas and promote actions that encourage the satisfaction of future magistrates during the auditor stage and exceed their expectations. This should lead to a continuous improvement of the services offered from the perspective of an optimization of available resources and, consequently, to an increase in the levels of satisfaction. In addition, the CEJ may consider applying for certification as an organization with a Quality Management System by standard NP EN ISO 9001: 2008.
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Lui, Lik-hang Eric. "Aberrant methylation of E-cadherin gene (ECAD) in invasive ductal breast carcinoma /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31361912.
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Hellmig, Ralph Jörg [Verfasser]. "Hochgradige plastische Umformung durch Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) / Ralph Jörg Hellmig." Clausthal : [Univ.-Bibliothek], 2008. http://d-nb.info/989657752/34.
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Lui, Lik-hang Eric, and 雷力恒. "Aberrant methylation of E-cadherin gene (ECAD) in invasive ductal breast carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4501016X.
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Pakiela, Z., L. Jarosz, K. Nowak, and L. Olejnik. "Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of 5483 Al Alloy Processed by ECAP." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35435.
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Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) is one of the methods which allows to obtain ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline metallic materials. It is well known that microstructure of materials pro-cessed by ECAP in not very stable. There were published many experimental and theoretical evidences of this fact obtained by various methods such as microstructure observations, properties measurement and computer modeling.
The aim of presented paper was to investigate the thermal stability of microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al 5483 alloy processed by ECAP. As a result of performed investigations it was concluded that accumulated plastic deformation has no influence on the thermal stability of Al 5483 alloy processed by ECAP. It was also found that properly chosen parameters of ECAP and subsequent annealing allows to produce materials with high strength and plasticity.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35435
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Ramanathan, Charulatha. "Electrocardiographic Imaging (ECGI): Application of An Iterative Method And Validation In Humans." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1080762616.
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Ramanathan, Charulatha. "Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) application of an iteratuve method and validation in humans /." online version, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1080762616.
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Carmelo, Susana Thiemig. "Estudo da satisfação, lealdade e confiança dos clientes numa agência de viagens : aplicação do Modelo ECSI adaptado." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7735.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialO presente estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar a satisfação dos clientes nos serviços, através da aplicação do modelo ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index), para assim medir a satisfação e lealdade dos clientes numa Agência de Viagens. Para tal foram identificadas quais as variáveis que têm mais impacto na satisfação e lealdade dos clientes na agência estudada. De modo a testar o modelo conceptual, foram administrados questionários online a todos os clientes da Agência de Viagens (excluindo viagens de negócios), tendo sido obtidos 3.574 respostas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as variáveis propostas pelo modelo ECSI, ou seja, imagem, expectativas, qualidade percebida e valor percebido, são relevantes na determinação da satisfação dos clientes que, por sua vez, terá um impacto nas reclamações e lealdade dos mesmos. Por outro lado, foi também feita uma análise separada entre os indivíduos que compraram a viagem através dos balcões da Agência de Viagens ou através de canais web, verificando-se diferenças entre os dois modelos, uma vez que se concluiu que a satisfação dos clientes que compraram viagens via web não é influenciada pelas suas expectativas do serviço.
This study's main objective was to focus on customer satisfaction in services, through the application of ECSI Model (European Customer Satisfaction Index), thus to measure the satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Travel Agency. For that purpose, the variables with more weight on satisfaction and loyalty of customers at this establishment were identified. In this sense, is presented a literature review that rests on the most important antecedents of satisfaction and loyalty of customers, both in products and in services sector. In order to test the conceptual model, online questionnaires were administered to all clients of this Travel Agency (excluding business travels), which correspond to a sample of 3.574 individuals. The results show that the variables proposed by the ECSI Model, these being image, expectations, perceived quality and perceived value, are relevant in determining customer satisfaction which, in turn, will have an impact on claims and loyalty. On the other hand, it was also made a separation between individuals who bought trips at the travel agencies counters or through web channels, verifying that there are differences between the two models, since it was concluded that customer satisfaction from those who bought trips through web channels are not influenced by their expectations of service.
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Ericsson, Ann-Marie. "Verifying transformations between timed automata specifications and ECA rules." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-823.
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Event-triggered real-time systems are desirable to use in environments where the arrival of events are hard to predict. The semantics of an event-triggered system is well mapped to the behaviour of an active database management system (ADBMS), specified using event-condition-action (ECA) rules. The benefits of using an active database, such as persistent data storage, concurrency control, timely response to event occurrences etc. highlights the need for a development method for event-triggered real-time systems using active databases.
However, there are problems left to be solved before an ADBMS can be used with confidence in real-time environments. The behaviour of a real-time system must be predictable, which implies a thorough analysed specification with e.g. specified worst case execution times. The predictability requirement is an obstacle for specifying real-time systems as ECA rules, since the rules may affect each other in many intricate ways which makes them hard to analyse. The interaction between the rules implies that it is not enough to verify the correctness of single rules; an analysis must consider the behaviour of the entire rule set.
In this dissertation, an approach for developing active applications is presented. A method is examined which starts with an analysed high-level timed automaton specification and transforms the specified behaviour into an implicitly analysed rule set. For this method to be useful, the transformation from timed automata to rules must preserve the exact behaviour of the high level specification. Hence, the aim of this dissertation is to verify transformations between timed automaton specifications and ECA rules.
The contribution of this project is a structured set of general transformations between timed automata specifications and ECA rules. The transformations include both transformations of small timed automata constructs for deterministic environments and formally verified timed automata patterns specifying the behaviour of composite events in recent and chronicle context.
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Ericsson, AnnMarie. "Enabling Tool Support for Formal Analysis of ECA Rules." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18427.
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Rule-based systems implemented as event-condition-action (ECA) rules utilize a powerful and flexible paradigm when it comes to specifying systems that need to react to complex situation in their environment. Rules can be specified to react to combinations of events occurring at any time in any order. However, the behavior of a rule based system is notoriously hard to analyze due to the rules ability to interact with each other. Formal methods are not utilized in their full potential for enhancing software quality in practice. We argue that seamless support in a high-level paradigm specific tool is a viable way to provide industrial system designers with powerful verification techniques. This thesis targets the issue of formally verifying that a set of specified rules behaves as indented. The prototype tool REX (Rule and Event eXplorer) is developed as a proof of concept of the results of this thesis. Rules and events are specified in REX which is acting as a rule-based front-end to the existing timed automata CASE tool UPPAAL. The rules, events and requirements of application design are specified in REX. To support formal verification, REX automatically transforms the specified rules to timed automata, queries the requirement properties in the model-checker provided by UPPAAL and returns results to the user of REX in terms of rules and events. The results of this thesis consist of guidelines for modeling and verifying rules in a timed automata model-checker and experiences from using and building a tool implementing the proposed guidelines. Moreover, the result of an industrial case study is presented, validating the ability to model and verify a system of industrial complexity using the proposed approach.Avhandlingen presenterar en ny ansats för att formellt verifiera regel-baserade system. En verktygsprototyp, REX, är utvecklad inom ramen för detta projekt i syfte att stödja ansatsen genom realisering av de teoretiska resultaten. De regler som avses är Event-Condition-Action (ECA) regler, vilket betyder att en regel exekverar ett stycke kod (Action) om ett villkor (Condition) är sant när en specifik händelse (Event) inträffar. ECA-regler är användbara för att speci¯cera beteendet av system som måste reagera på komplexa situationer i sin interagerande miljö. En regel kan till exempel reagera på en kombination av händelser som kan inträffa när som helst och i vilken ordning som helst. Avhandlingen fokuserar på hur man med hjälp av formella metoder kan påvisa att en regelmängd beter sig som förväntat. Användandet av formella metoder för att öka kvalitén på mjukvara är inte så utbrett som det skulle kunna vara. Några av anledningarna kan vara att formella metoder anses svåra att använda och att de kräver extra tid och kunskap. Avhandlingen handlar om en approach där utvecklare kan uttrycka sitt system i ett för dem enkelt språk och där detaljer rörande det formella verktyget döljs av ett verktyg som sköter interaktionen med det formella verktyget. Regler och händelser specificeras som indata till verktyget REX som agerar som en regelbaserad front-end till det formella verktyget UPPAAL. Regler, händelser och egenskaper som modellen ska uppfylla specificeras i REX. Formell verifiering stöds genom att REX automatiskt överför regler och egenskaper till en tidsautomat som kan verifieras av Uppaal. REX startar model-checkern i UPPAAL och returnerar resultatet från analysen till användaren. Resultatet från avhandlingen består av riktlinjer för hur man kan modellera och verifiera regler i en tidsautomat samt erfarenheter från att bygga och använda ett verktyg som implementerar dessa riktlinjer. Därutöver presenteras resultat från experiment och en fallstudie som genomförts för att validera den framtagna ansatsen.
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Sousa, A. G. de. "English references in the fiction of Eca de Queiros." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384793.
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Hockauf, Matthias. "Fließspannungsverhalten ultrafeinkörniger Aluminiumwerkstoffe unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Dehnrate." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200901887.
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Aufgrund ihrer herausragenden Eigenschaften haben ultrafeinkörnige Werkstoffe, die aus konventionellen normalkörnigen Halbzeugen über eine extrem große Kaltverformung hergestellt wurden, in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten zunehmend an Bedeutung erlangt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Fließspannungsverhalten eines Reinaluminiumwerkstoffes (EN AW-1070 – Al99,7) und einer ausscheidungshärtbaren Aluminiumlegierung (EN AW-6060 – AlMgSi) mit Korngrößen von bis zu 660 nm und 310 nm in einem weiten Bereich von Dehnungen und Dehnraten analysiert und mit den zzt. existierenden Modellvorstellungen zu den mikrostrukturellen Abläufen in Verbindung gebracht. Um die Voraussetzung zur Herstellung von ultrafeinkörnigen Werkstoffen zu schaffen, wurden mehrere Werkzeugprototypen für die ECAP-Umformung im Labormaßstab entwickelt und erprobt. Die Untersuchungen zum Fließspannungsverhalten erfolgten anhand von Zug- und Druckversuchen über insgesamt sieben Dekaden der Dehnrate bis in den Bereich der hochdynamischen Belastung von 10^3 s^-1. Die Tests zeigen, dass das Fließspannungsverhalten ultrafeinkörniger Aluminiumwerkstoffe vollständig mithilfe der thermisch aktivierbaren Mechanismen erklärbar ist, wobei Ausscheidungen eine wichtige Rolle spielenBecause of their exceptional properties ultrafine-grained materials, processed from conventional polycrystalline materials by severe plastic deformation, have gained increasing scientific and industrial interest during the last two decades. Based on the concept of work-hardening for f.c.c. metals the commercially pure aluminium AA1070 (Al99,7 – soft annealed) and the aluminium alloy AA6060 (AlMgSi – peak aged) were investigated. ECAP was used to introduce very high strains and an ultrafine-grained microstructure with grain sizes down to 660 nm and 310 nm. Subsequently compression and tensile tests were performed in a wide range of strain rates over seven decades up to the range of impact loading of 10^3 s^-1. The results indicate that strain path and the corresponding dislocation structure is important for the post-ECAP yielding and the following hardening response. Furthermore the precipitates of the AA6060 clearly constrain the interactions of dislocations in work-hardening stage III – causing lower strain rate sensitivity. If compared to the AA1070 they avoid hardening in stage V where an additional rate and temperature depending effect contributes – caused by the interaction of deformation induced vacancies and dislocations. The results indicate that the strain-hardening behavior can be described by thermal activated mechanisms
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Renzetti, Reny Angela. "Avaliação da estabilidade microestrutural e sua influência nas propriedades magnéticas do ferro puro severamente deformado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97134/tde-20082013-154613/.
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Atualmente existe um considerável interesse no processamento de materiais com estrutura ultrafina de grãos. Estes materiais podem ser obtidos por deformação plástica severa via extrusão por canal angular (ECAE). Durante ECAE, uma barra lubrificada é pressionada através de uma matriz rígida consistindo de dois canais de mesma seção transversal, os quais se interceptam a um ângulo ?. Cisalhamento simples é o mecanismo de deformação predominante e ocorre paralelamente ao plano de intersecção entre os dois canais. Este trabalho enfoca a estabilidade térmica e sua influência sobre as propriedades magnéticas de ferro puro severamente deformado por ECAE. Uma barra de ferro puro foi deformada em temperatura ambiente por múltiplos passes de ECAE (8 passes), usando uma matriz com ângulo de intersecção ??= 90º, resultando em uma deformação equivalente _N = 9,2. Esta barra foi girada de 90o depois de cada passe de extrusão. Amostras da barra deformada foram recozidas em várias temperaturas entre 100 e 800°C, variando-se o tempo de recozimento entre 1 e 120 min. Uma segunda barra de ferro puro foi deformada por um único passe de ECAE, com um ângulo ??= 120o, resultando em uma deformação equivalente _N = 0,67. Amostras retiradas desta barra foram recozidas em várias temperaturas entre 300 e 800°C por 15 min. Em uma condição correspondente à segunda barra, uma terceira foi deformada sendo o passe de ECAE interrompido. A caracterização microestrutural foi efetuada utilizando-se microscopias ótica e eletrônica de varredura, microdureza Vickers e textura via difração de raios X. Curvas de magnetização em função do campo magnético aplicado até cerca de 9 T foram obtidas para amostras representativas da barra deformada por múltiplos passes de ECAE. Foram determinados os intervalos de temperatura de recozimento em que ocorrem a recuperação e a recristalização para esta barra e para a barra deformada por um único passe de ECAE. Com relação à barra do ensaio interrompido, várias seções do plano normal à direção de extrusão da barra foram analisadas a fim de se investigar a evolução da textura durante extrusão em canal angular. Os resultados foram comparados com aqueles reportados para outros materiais deformados via ECAE com estrutura ccc e também com as texturas previstas pelo Modelo Visco-plástico Autoconsistente (do inglês VPSC model).There is considerable current interest in fabricating ultrafine-grained materials. Such materials can be obtained by severe plastic deformation via equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE). During ECAE, a lubricated billet is pressed through a rigid die consisting of two channels of the same cross section intersecting each other at an angle ?. Simple shear is the predominant deformation mechanism and occurs parallel to the intersecting plane of the channels. This work focuses on thermal stability and its influence on the magnetic properties of severely deformed pure iron via ECAE. A billet of pure iron was deformed at room temperature by multiple ECAE passes (8 passes), using a die angle ??= 90o, to a total equivalent strain of _N = 9.2. The billet was rotated by 90o after each extrusion pass. Samples of the deformed billet were annealed at several temperatures between 100 and 800oC, varying the annealing time from 1 to 120 min. A second billet of pure iron was deformed using 1-pass ECAE, with ??= 120o, with an equivalent strain of _N = 0.67. Samples of this billet were annealed at several temperatures between 300 and 800°C for 15 min. Corresponding to second condition, a third billet was deformed by interrupting the ECAE pass. Microstructural characterization was performed using optical and scanning electron microscopies, Vickers microhardness, and texture measurements via X-ray diffraction. Magnetization curves as a function of applied magnetic field up to 9 T were obtained for representative samples of the billet deformed by multiple ECAE passes. The annealing temperature ranges corresponding to recovery and recrystallization for this billet and 1-pass ECAE billet were determined. Regarding the interrupted 1-pass ECAE billet, several sections normal to the extrusion direction were analyzed in order to investigate the texture evolution during equal channel angular extrusion. The obtained results were compared to those ones found in other deformed bcc materials via ECAE and also by using the visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) model to predict the final texture.
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Silva, Ana Luísa Colaço da. "Grau de satisfação de clientes em supermercados : validação e comparação dos modelos ACSI e ECSI." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7573.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialA literatura refere que a satisfação dos clientes é um ponto crucial para as empresas, pois o compromisso para com estes e a antecipação das suas necessidades é uma das mais importantes fontes de vantagem competitiva. A presente dissertação teve como propósito a aplicação dos modelos ECSI e ACSI por forma a determinar os antecedentes e consequentes que influenciam a satisfação dos clientes em relação aos hipermercados e supermercados em Portugal. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um questionário com base nas variáveis latentes e escalas de medida do modelo ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index). É de realçar que os modelos ECSI e ACSI apenas diferem no número de relações e de variáveis latentes que possuem. Neste estudo, os modelos utilizados foram os originalmente propostos pelos autores, dado que estes não foram modificados tal como acontece em grande parte das pesquisas que abordam esta temática. Para testar os modelos, foi utilizada uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência de 154 indivíduos, obtida através da aplicação de um questionário online. Os modelos estudados (ECSI e ACSI) foram testados utilizando os modelos de equações estruturais, mais especificamente a metodologia PLS (Partial Least Square). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o modelo ACSI pode vir a medir a satisfação de maneira mais adequada do que o modelo ECSI.
Literature reports that customer satisfaction is a crucial point for companies, because the commitment to these and anticipating their needs is one of the most important sources of competitive advantage. The main focus of this dissertation is the implementation of the ACSI and ECSI models in order to determine the antecedents and consequences that influence customer satisfaction in relation to hypermarkets and supermarkets in Portugal. To achieve this, a survey based on the latent variables and scales of the ECSI model - European Customer Satisfaction Index was applied, using an illustrative case. It is important to note that ACSI and ECSI models only differ in the number of relations and latent variables that they have. In this study, the measurement models considered were originally proposed by the authors, not had been modified as happens in most researches. To test the models, data was collected from a non-probability and convenience sample of 154 individuals, obtained by applying an online questionnaire. The studied models (ECSI and ACSI) were tested using structural equation models, specifically the PLS methodology ? Partial Least Squares. In theory, the results obtained demonstrate that ACSI model can measure the satisfaction more adequately than ECSI model.
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Švábenský, Pavel. "Šroubový lis 50t." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231645.
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Diploma thesis is focused on desing of the screw press, which is used for laboratory testing of materials by ECAP. Thesis included design of individual scructural groups and their destcription, including the creating of 3D model.