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Kučera, Zdeněk, Tomáš Vondrák, and Odřej Pecha. "Research and development in the field of Artificial Intelligence in EU framework programmes." ERGO 14, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ergo-2019-0005.
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Abstract The aim of this contribution is to evaluate the cooperation of the European countries in projects related to the AI in the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) and in the current Horizon 2020 Programme. The analysis is based on the information obtained from European Commission database eCORDA (External COmmon Research DAtawarehouse). Dynamic scientometric maps were constructed to describe in more detail the collaboration of European subjects in the EC funded AI research. Within the FP7, 1223 projects in the AI field received roughly 2,8 billion €. In the current H2020 programme the EC has already provided 2,1 billion € for 1081 projects in AI. In the FP7, higher education institutions dominated in both the number of awarded project and the received financial support. In the H2020 programme, a profound shift favouring business enterprise sector occurred. Approximately one third of AI projects in the FP7 was in the thematic area Information and Communication Technologies. In the H2020 programme the EC extended the support further to other thematic areas including global societal challenges especially in the field of transport and security. The extent of the involvement of the member countries varies extensively. The countries above average participating in the AI projects are Germany, Italy, Austria, Spain, Portugal, and Slovenia. The Czech Republic falls in the group of less participating countries. The Czech Republic also exhibits a smaller increase of the participation between RP7 and H2020. Universities involved in approximately two thirds of AI project have dominated in the Czech participation in the FP7. In the H2020 program their share in the AI project decreased by approximately 10 percent points. On the other side, their share of financial support was conserved. The most participating universities were the Czech Technical University Prague (24 projects, and 30% share of the EC contribution for the Czech AI projects) and the Brno University of Technology (14 projects, and 12,4% financial share). In the business enterprise sector Honeywell International s. r. o. attained the highest participation. The Czech subjects collaborate most frequently with German, British, Italian and French research teams.
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Nilimaa, Jonny, Thomas Blanksvärd, Björn Täljsten, Lennart Elfgren, Andres Carolin, and Björn Paulsson. "Extended Life of Railway Bridges. Results from EC-FP7-project MAINLINE." IABSE Symposium Report 99, no. 18 (May 6, 2013): 918–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137813806501489.
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Bolzon, G., K. Bylec, A. Cheptsov, A. Del Linz, E. Mauri, P. M. Poulain, M. Prica, and S. Salon. "Preliminary deployment of Grid-assisted oceanographic applications." Advances in Geosciences 28 (September 27, 2010): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-28-39-2010.
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Abstract. Grid integration of OGS oceanographic remote instruments and coupled physical-biogeochemical model has been explored in the framework of the EC-FP7 DORII project. We discuss here the first preliminary results achieved, describing the different tools developed with the support of the project consortium. A general background of the Grid technology for the e-Science is also provided.
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Paci, Sandro, and Jean-Pierre Van Dorsselaere. "Spreading of Excellence in SARNET Network on Severe Accidents: The Education and Training Programme." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/237371.
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The SARNET2 (severe accidents Research NETwork of Excellence) project started in April 2009 for 4 years in the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) of the European Commission (EC), following a similar first project in FP6. Forty-seven organisations from 24 countries network their capacities of research in the severe accident (SA) field inside SARNET to resolve the most important remaining uncertainties and safety issues on SA in water-cooled nuclear power plants (NPPs). The network includes a large majority of the European actors involved in SA research plus a few non-European relevant ones. The “Education and Training” programme in SARNET is a series of actions foreseen in this network for the “spreading of excellence.” It is focused on raising the competence level of Master and Ph.D. students and young researchers engaged in SA research and on organizing information/training courses for NPP staff or regulatory authorities (but also for researchers) interested in SA management procedures.
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Rinaldi, Laura, Guy Hendrickx, Giuseppe Cringoli, Annibale Biggeri, Els Ducheyne, Dolores Catelan, Eric Morgan, et al. "Mapping and modelling helminth infections in ruminants in Europe: experience from GLOWORM." Geospatial Health 9, no. 2 (March 19, 2015): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/gh.2015.347.
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Mapping and modelling helminth infections in cattle and sheep in Europe through advanced geospatial research was one of the main task of GLOWORM, a three year project (2012-2014) funded under the European Commission’s (EC) seventh framework programme (FP7). Liver flukes as <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> and gastrointestinal nematodes, such as <em>Haemonchus contortus</em> were chosen for the project since these parasites constitute a major cause of lost productivity in small and large ruminants. The output of the GLOWORM project delivered guidelines for standardized and harmonized cross-sectional surveys of helminth parasites in ruminants allowing the development of updated prevalence maps and multi-scale, spatial models for the European area.
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Pötter, Richard, Jaques Balosso, Michael Baumann, Christoph Bert, Jim Davies, Wolfgang Enghardt, Piero Fossati, et al. "Union of light ion therapy centers in Europe (ULICE EC FP7) – Objectives and achievements of joint research activities." Radiotherapy and Oncology 128, no. 1 (July 2018): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2018.04.027.
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Casagli, N., F. Cigna, S. Bianchini, D. Hölbling, P. Füreder, G. Righini, S. Del Conte, et al. "Landslide mapping and monitoring by using radar and optical remote sensing: Examples from the EC-FP7 project SAFER." Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment 4 (October 2016): 92–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2016.07.001.
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Suchý, Václav, Martin Škarka, Lucie Vavříková, Petr Hladík, and Jaroslav Lorenz. "What is the impact of the participation of Czech SMEs in the Framework Programmes of the EC for research, technological development and demonstration activities?" Ergo 7, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10217-012-0008-9.
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In-depth research of 56 Czech SMEs participating in projects funded under the thematic programmes of FP6 and FP7 was carried out in order to reveal the level of their involvement, the exploitation of research results and thus the benefits they gain from participation. Many SMEs cite indirect benefits, particularly networking with potential partners or customers and the improvements of their scientific, technological or managerial skills as the main values of project participation. More straightforward, market-oriented benefits such as introduction of new products or services onto the market, the increase of turnovers or other positive impacts on economic measures of performance after the project completion are, however, only rarely noted. Also, only a minor proportion of SMEs claim that their participation resulted in a new intellectual property subjected to formal protection (i.e. patents, industrial designs, utility models etc.). Many Czech micro- and small-size enterprises consider the overall effectiveness of the framework programmes questionable, complaining mainly on their unwieldy financial rules as well a significant administrative burden associated with the projects. The medium-size companies with more than 80-100 employees, on the other hand, tend to claim more satisfaction with the framework programmes. Nevertheless, when compared with existing national R&D programmes, many SMEs, regardless to their size, admit that the current FP scheme is less relevant to their actual needs and strategies.
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Bosmans, H., K. Bliznakova, R. Padovani, S. Christofides, N. Van Peteghem, V. Tsapaki, C. J. Caruana, and J. Vassileva. "EUTEMPE-RX, an EC supported FP7 project for the training and education of medical physics experts in radiology: Table 1." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 165, no. 1-4 (May 11, 2015): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv306.
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Carpio-Pinedo, José, Javier Aldecoa Martínez-Conde, and Francisco Lamíquiz Daudén. "Mobility and Urban Planning Integration at City-regional Level in the Design of Urban Transport Interchanges (EC FP7 NODES Project–Task 3.2.1.)." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 160 (December 2014): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.134.
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Keita, Sekou, Cathy Liousse, Véronique Yoboué, Pamela Dominutti, Benjamin Guinot, Eric-Michel Assamoi, Agnès Borbon, et al. "Particle and VOC emission factor measurements for anthropogenic sources in West Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 10 (June 1, 2018): 7691–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7691-2018.
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Abstract. A number of campaigns have been carried out to establish the emission factors of pollutants from fuel combustion in West Africa, as part of work package 2 (“Air Pollution and Health”) of the DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) FP7 program. Emission sources considered here include wood (hevea and iroko) and charcoal burning, charcoal making, open trash burning, and vehicle emissions, including trucks, cars, buses and two-wheeled vehicles. Emission factors of total particulate matter (TPM), elemental carbon (EC), primary organic carbon (OC) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been established. In addition, emission factor measurements were performed in combustion chambers in order to reproduce field burning conditions for a tropical hardwood (hevea), and obtain particulate emission factors by size (PM0.25, PM1, PM2.5 and PM10). Particle samples were collected on quartz fiber filters and analyzed using gravimetric method for TPM and thermal methods for EC and OC. The emission factors of 58 VOC species were determined using offline sampling on a sorbent tube. Emission factor results for two species of tropical hardwood burning of EC, OC and TPM are 0.98 ± 0.46 g kg−1 of fuel burned (g kg−1), 11.05 ± 4.55 and 41.12 ± 24.62 g kg−1, respectively. For traffic sources, the highest emission factors among particulate species are found for the two-wheeled vehicles with two-stroke engines (2.74 g kg−1 fuel for EC, 65.11 g kg−1 fuel for OC and 496 g kg−1 fuel for TPM). The largest VOC emissions are observed for two-stroke two-wheeled vehicles, which are up to 3 times higher than emissions from light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. Isoprene and monoterpenes, which are usually associated with biogenic emissions, are present in almost all anthropogenic sources investigated during this work and could be as significant as aromatic emissions in wood burning (1 g kg−1 fuel). EC is primarily emitted in the ultrafine fraction, with 77 % of the total mass being emitted as particles smaller than 0.25 µm. The particles and VOC emission factors obtained in this study are generally higher than those in the literature whose values are discussed in this paper. This study underlines the important role of in situ measurements in deriving realistic and representative emission factors.
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Dusinska, Maria, Lise Maria Fjellsbo, Eldbjorg Heimstad, Mikael Harju, Alena Bartonova, Lang Tran, Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret, et al. "Development of methodology for alternative testing strategies for the assessment of the toxicological profile of nanoparticles used in medical diagnostics. NanoTEST – EC FP7 project." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 170 (May 1, 2009): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/170/1/012039.
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Šiupšinskas, Giedrius, and Solveiga Adomėnaitė. "THE USE OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR PREPARING DOMESTIC HOT WATER IN A MULTI-STOREY BUILDING / SAULĖS ENERGIJOS PANAUDOJIMAS KARŠTAM VANDENIUI RUOŠTI DAUGIABUČIAME NAME." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2012): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2012.81.
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The article analyses the possibilities of solar collectors used for a domestic hot water system and installed on the roofs of modernized multi-storey buildings under the existing climate conditions. A number of combinations of flat plate and vacuum solar collectors with accumulation tank systems of various sizes have been examined. Heat from the district heating system is used as an additional heat source for preparing domestic hot water. The paper compares calculation results of energy and economy regarding the combinations of flat plate and vacuum solar collectors and the size of the accumulation tank. The influence of variations in the main indicators on the final economic results has also been evaluated. Research has been supported applying EC FP7 CONCERTO program (‘‘Sustainable Zero Carbon ECO-Town Developments Improving Quality of Life across EU - ECO-Life’’ (ECO-Life Project) Contract No. TREN/FP7EN/239497/”ECOLIFE”). Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamos saulės kolektorių, skirtų karšto vandentiekio sistemai ant modernizuojamų daugiabučių namų stogų įrengti esamomis klimatinėmis sąlygomis galimybės. Nagrinėjamos įvairaus dydžio plokščiųjų ir vakuuminių saulės kolektorių su akumuliacinėmis talpyklomis sistemų kombinacijos. Kaip papildomas šilumos šaltinis karštam vandeniui pašildyti naudojama iš centralizuotų šilumos tinklų tiekiama šiluma. Lyginami plokščiųjų, vakuuminių saulės kolektorių ir akumuliacinio bako dydžio kombinacijų energinių ir ekonominių skaičiavimų rezultatai. Įvertinama kai kurių esminių rodiklių pokyčių įtaka galutiniams ekonominiams rodikliams.
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Cigna, Francesca, Hannah Jordan, Luke Bateson, Harry McCormack, and Claire Roberts. "Natural and Anthropogenic Geohazards in Greater London Observed from Geological and ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT Persistent Scatterers Ground Motion Data: Results from the EC FP7-SPACE PanGeo Project." Pure and Applied Geophysics 172, no. 11 (September 20, 2014): 2965–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0927-3.
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Heshmati-alamdari, Shahab, Alexandros Nikou, Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos, and Dimos V. Dimarogonas. "A Robust Force Control Approach for Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems * *This work was supported by the ROBOCADEMY, Marie Curie ITN Grant Agreement no FP7-608096 funded by the EU action 7th Framework Programme - The 2013 People Work Programme -EC Call Identifier FP7-PEOPLE- 2013-ITN, Implementation Mode: Multi-ITN." IFAC-PapersOnLine 50, no. 1 (July 2017): 11197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.1245.
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Giannuzzi, Viviana, Mariagrazia Felisi, Hugo Devlieger, Aurelio Maggio, George Papanikolaou, Giorgio Reggiardo, Bianca Tempesta, Fernando Tricta, and Donato Bonifazi. "Ethical Issues and Barriers for Multi-National Paediatric Clinical Trials: The Challenging Experience of the DEEP Project." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 4820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-124689.
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Introduction: The procedures and requirements for the clinical trial application (CTA) to Ethics Committees (ECs) and/or Competent Authorities (CAs) are not fully harmonised, and this is even more evident when non-EU countries are involved. This lack of harmonisation makes more difficult the approach in the case of 'small populations', such as children and patients affected by rare diseases. A phase III efficacy-safety comparative trial (DEEP-2) involving paediatric patients affected by transfusion dependent haemoglobinopathies from seven European and non-European countries (Albania, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, United Kingdom, Egypt, Tunisia) was carried out in the context of a FP7 project (HEALTH-F4-2010-G.A. n. 261483) and included in an agreed Paediatric Investigation Plan. Aims: The aims of this paper are to describe in a complex multi-national/multi-ethnic framework the different provisions and procedures to authorise a paediatric trial in EU/non-EU countries and to evaluate the possible impact of the following key indicators on the timing of ECs approval and CAs authorisation: complexity of the national/local provisions and procedures to authorise a paediatric trial, including the number of ECs and CAs to be addressed; number and type of additional local/national documentation; number of queries from CAs and ECs; geographic setting (EU and non-EU). Methods: The following information was collected from official websites and through a survey addressed to Principal Investigators: The regulatory and legal frameworks in force at the time of the submission of DEEP-2 in each involved country;The procedures required at local/national level (i.e. number of ECs and CAs to be addressed, parallel or subsequent submission to the CA and the EC, preparation of the CTA form and documents required from CAs and ECs);The timing of ECs approval and CAs authorisation, including number and types of queries, were collected from DEEP-2 Trial Master File. Descriptive analysis, Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test and General Linear Model (GLM) analysis were used to describe results and to analyse significance of the considered indicators. Results: In the EU countries, relevant legislative acts apply and include GCP and specific procedures for paediatric trials, in non-EU countries GCP guidelines apply but have not been implemented in the national laws regulating clinical trials. Moreover, within the 4 EU Member States a different approach was in place, even if under the same rules (i.e. Directive 2001/20/EC as implemented in the national law) with distinctive documents required for the CTA in almost all the EU countries compared with the EC provisions. The CTAs were performed in the period June 2012 - September 2015 in 23 trial sites. The EC approvals and CA authorisations were issued between January 2013 - September 2015. In the EU countries, the authorisation process was completed within 7,3 to 33,8 months (median = 15 months), while in non-EU countries, the authorisation process was completed by 7 months (median = 4 months) (figure 1). In particular, the comparison of the CA time authorisation shows a significant difference between EU and non-EU clusters (p = 0.001); however, if the statistical model is adjusted for the number of EC requests as covariate, the difference is not significant. Thus, it seems that the main factor influencing the time for EC approval is the number of requests for changes/clarifications (mainly on informed consent/assent, study protocol, insurance) (figure 2). Conclusion: Delays in completion of the authorisation phase in many countries seems to be a relevant issue and the timeframes for the authorisation in EU countries are not compliant with the European requirements (60 days for single opinion release and 30 days for its acceptance, as stated in Directive 2001/20/EC). The main reasons for delay is the complexity of the procedures and the requests from the ECs/CAs. In non-EU countries, procedures are different and faster with less requests from ECs and CAs. The upcoming application of a stronger set of rules, CT-Regulation (EU) 536/2014, is expected to harmonise practices in Europe and possibly outside Europe. The final aim of this change should be to assure a good balance between a timely approval and a high-level of children protection. Disclosures Reggiardo: CVBF: Consultancy. Tricta:ApoPharma: Employment.
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Healy, Hali. "A political ecology of transdisciplinary research." Journal of Political Ecology 26, no. 1 (September 21, 2019): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v26i1.23245.
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Transdisciplinary research (TDR) is widely regarded as a promising, and even essential, means of addressing complex sustainability problems, whilst delivering beneficial outcomes for scientists and the non-academic actors with whom they engage. Premised on the 'ecological modernisation' of Europe, regional funding for TDR under Framework Programmes such as FP7 and more recently Horizon 2020 have sought to support academic engagement with a wide range of research stakeholders through calls for transdisciplinary research in order to better address Europe's "grand societal challenges" (EC 2013). This article, based on doctoral research, consists of an ex-post study of three European Union funded transdisciplinary projects (CREPE, EJOLT and GAP2) implemented under the Seventh Framework's (2007-2013) Science in Society program. Its focus is on how issues of power and governance permeate TDR projects, giving rise to tensions, challenges and ultimately struggles over the very meaning of official projects and their outcomes, despite the most egalitarian of intentions and underlying principles of mutual benefit. These tensions, this article argues, should be understood not merely as cultural, methodological or cognitive challenges, but as essentially political conflicts that manifest and flow across multiple scales. In light of these inherent challenges, the article argues that TDR is always conducted on a terrain of political ecology, and concludes by making recommendations for potential collaborators, as well as for European research policy makers, with the objective of enabling participants and funders alike to realise the transformative potential of this promising mode of research.<p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Political ecology of transdisciplinary research, power, governance, Science in Society, European research agenda, agro-ecology, environmental justice, fisheries </p>
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Stanchev, Peter. "OpenAIREplus." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 1 (September 30, 2011): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2011.1.20.
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Directions the outcomes of the OpenAIRE project, which implements the EC Open Access (OA) pilot. Capitalizing on the OpenAIRE infrastructure, built for managing FP7 and ERC funded articles, and the associated supporting mechanism of the European Helpdesk System, OpenAIRE plus will “develop an open access, participatory infrastructure for scientific information”. It will significantly expand its base of harvested publications to also include all OA publications indexed by the DRIVER infrastructure (more than 270 validated institutional repositories) and any other repository containing “peer reviewed literature” that complies with certain standards. It will also generically harvest and index the metadata of scientific datasets in selected diverse OA thematic data repositories. It will support the concept of linked publications by deploying novel services for “linking peer reviewed literature and associated data sets and collections”, from link discovery based on diverse forms of mining (textual, usage, etc.), to storage, visual representation, and on-line exploration. It will offer both user-level services to experts and “non scientists” alike as well as programming interfaces for “providers of value added services” to build applications on its content. Deposited articles and data will be openly accessible through an enhanced version of the OpenAIRE portal, together with any available relevant information on associated project funding and usage statistics. OpenAIREplus will retain its European footprint, engaging people and scientific repositories in almost all 27 EU member states and beyond. The technical work will be complemented by a suite of studies and associated research efforts that will partly proceed in collaboration with “different European initiatives” and investigate issues of “intellectual property rights, efficient financing models, and standards”. Acknowledgments. This work was supported in part by Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe (OpenAIRE) EU project, the Bulgarian National Science Fund under the Project D002-308 "Automated Metadata Generating for e-Documents Specifications and Standards".
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Beltrán Palomo, Publio. "The Most Recent Noise & Vibration Assessment of the European Fleet, within the Framework of the “SILENV Project”." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 7, no. 14 (January 26, 2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.93.
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The EU’s new “Green Policy” to reduce the environmental impact of all types of vessels is generating new Directives that shall affect the Shipbuilding Industry. As a direct consequence, an intense debate has been opened with the participation of all the players involved: the European Commission, Marine Institutions, Shipbuilding Industry, Marine Sector, and Scientific Community. Participation of the authors in the SILENV, BESST, and AQUO projects within the FP7 has permitted noticing that for the complete assessment of the ships’ environmental impact it is essential to introduce the new so-called Noise & Vibration – Full Signature indicator. In addition to the well-known topics of Noise & Vibration (N&V) on board, it includes new ones: Noise Radiated to Harbour and Underwater Radiated Noise (URN) by the ships. Both, but especially the latter (URN) became the most outstanding novelty and the biggest challenge to be technically solved. In this sense, it is essential to know the “Starting Point”: How far is the current European Fleet from the Standard Regulations and from other Directives that will soon be compulsory? And which are the technical reasons and root causes of these deviations? To address these issues within the framework of the SILENV Project, the most recent N&V database compiled with 171 ships from the European Fleet and 12,000 N&V experimental data have been assessed. It became the largest ever N&V database in the marine sector, as well as a complete novelty. Therefore, the results, conclusions and recommendations obtained from it are of paramount importance to support current policies of the EC and other Marine Institutions that focus their efforts on combating the environmental impact of the ships.
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Jackisch, Christian, Frank Wiebringhaus, Bettina Conrad, Michael Weigel, Bahriye Aktas, Harald Wagner, Kunibert Latos, et al. "A randomized phase III trial comparing nanoparticle-based paclitaxel with solvent-based paclitaxel as part of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early breast cancer (GeparSepto): GBG 69." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): TPS1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.tps1141.
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TPS1141 Background: Anthracyclines (A) followed by taxanes (T) are standard of care for neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer (BC). A reverse sequence of T followed by A was suggested to achieve higher pCR rates. Previous studies have shown that dual anti-HER2 blockade is superior to trastuzumab (H) alone and thus can increase the pCR rate by 20%. Nab-paclitaxel (nP) is a solvent-free formulation of P encapsulated in albumin and might also improve the pCR rate with eventually lower toxicity. Methods: The GeparSepto study (NCT01583426) will randomize 1200 patients to either nP (150 mg/m²) q1w or P (80mg/m²) q1w for 12 weeks followed by 4 cycles conventionally dosed EC (E 90mg/m², C 600 mg/m²) q3w for 4 cycles. Primary objective is to compare the pCR rate (ypT0+ ypN0). Patients with untreated, histologically confirmed cT2- cT4d BC can be included. HER2+ patients receive H (loading dose 8mg/kg; 6 mg/kg) plus pertuzumab (loading dose 840 mg; 420 mg) q3w concomitantly. Biomaterial including FFPE from core biopsy, serum, plasma and full blood is collected. HER2, ER, PgR, Ki67 and SPARC status will be centrally assessed prior to randomization for stratification. P was assumed to achieve a pCR rate of 33% which will be increased to 41% when using nP, corresponding to an odds ratio of 1.41. To investigate resistance to anti-HER2 treatment, patients with HER2+ BC are randomized prior to start of chemotherapy to receive either 6 weeks H, pertuzumab or the combination as biological window with biomaterial collection prior to start of therapy and after week 6 prior to start of chemotherapy. Results: After been approved by ethics committees and authorities recruitment started in 7/2012 in 56 sites. 293 patients were recruited (53 HER2+; 240 HER2-) by 1st Feb 2013. A first safety interim analysis is planned after 60 patients have finished therapy. Conclusions: GeparSepto investigates the efficacy of neoadjuvant nP compared to solvent-based P given weekly with a dual blockade of the HER2 receptor in HER2-pos BC. Interim safety results for nP will be presented. The window-substudy is funded within the EU-FP7 project RESPONSIFY No 278659. Clinical trial information: NCT01583426.
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Gómez, F., N. Walter, R. Amils, F. Rull, A. K. Klingelhöfer, J. Kviderova, P. Sarrazin, et al. "Multidisciplinary integrated field campaign to an acidic Martian Earth analogue with astrobiological interest: Rio Tinto." International Journal of Astrobiology 10, no. 3 (February 24, 2011): 291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355041100005x.
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AbstractRecently reported results from latest Mars Orbiters and Rovers missions are transforming our opinion about the red planet. That dry and inhospitable planet reported in the past is becoming a wetter planet with high probabilities of water existence in the past. Nowadays, some results seem to indicate the presence of water beneath the Mars surface. But also mineralogy studies by NASA Opportunity Rover report iron oxides and hydroxides precipitates on Endurance Crater. Sedimentary deposits have been identified at Meridiani Planum. These deposits must have generated in a dune aqueous acidic and oxidizing environment. Similarities appear when we study Rio Tinto, and acidic river under the control of iron.The discovery of extremophiles on Earth widened the window of possibilities for life to develop in the Universe, and as a consequence on Mars and other planetary bodies with astrobiological interest. The compilation of data produced by the ongoing missions offers an interested view for life possibilities to exist: signs of an early wet Mars and rather recent volcanic activity as well as ground morphological characteristics that seem to be promoted by liquid water. The discovery of important accumulations of sulfates and the existence of iron minerals such as jarosite in rocks of sedimentary origin has allowed specific terrestrial models to come into focus. Río Tinto (Southwestern Spain, Iberian Pyritic Belt) is an extreme acidic environment, product of the chemolithotrophic activity of micro-organisms that thrive in the massive pyrite-rich deposits of the Iberian Pyritic Belt. Some particular protective environments should house the organic molecules and bacterial life forms in harsh environments such as Mars surface supporting microniches inside precipitated minerals or inside rocks. Terrestrial analogues could help us to afford the comprehension of habitability (on other planetary bodies).We are reporting here the multidisciplinary study of some endolithic niches inside salt deposits used by phototrophs for taking advantage of sheltering particular light wavelengths. These acidic salts deposits located in Río Tinto shelter life forms that are difficult to visualize by eye. This interdisciplinary field analogue campaign was conducted in the framework of the CAREX FP7 EC programme.
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Igreja, José M., Costas Marakkos, and João M. Lemos. "The hydraulic hammer effect in solar tower fluid circuit temperature controller * *Work supported by EC through STAGE-STE (FP7), Project number 609837. The work of J.M. Lemos and J.M. Igreja was also partly supported by FCT (Portugal) under project UID/CEC/50021/2013." IFAC-PapersOnLine 50, no. 1 (July 2017): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.022.
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Neri, Fabio. "The e-Photon/ONe Network of Excellence in EC FP6." Annales Des Télécommunications 62, no. 5-6 (May 2007): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03253285.
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Milano, Enrico. "The new Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Kingdom of Morocco: fishing too south?" Anuario Español de Derecho Internacional 22 (August 16, 2018): 413–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/010.22.28376.
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1. INTRODUCTION. 2. A SHORT REHEARSAL OF THE WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION. 3. THE 2006 FISHERIES PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. 4. THE LEGAL VALIDITY OF THE FPA WITH REGARD TO WESTERN SAHARA. 5. THE COMPATIBILITY OF THE FPA WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW. 6. THE EC AND THE OBLIGATION OF NON-RECOGNITION APPLIED TOWESTERN SAHARA. 7. THE LAW OF OCCUPATION AND THE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES BY MOROCCO. 8. POSSIBLE CHALLENGES OF THE FPA BEFORE JUDICIAL INSTITUTIONS. 9. CONCLUSIONS.
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Yanthi, Nova Dilla, Syahruddin Said, Anneke Anggraeni, Retno Damayanti, and Muladno . "Correlation of electric conductivity values with the dairy milk quality." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 23, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v23i2.1694.
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<p class="abstrak2">Milk, as the prime source of food for mammals, has an electrolyte to replace the loss of body fluid caused by activity or metabolism process. The total electrolyte concentration can be measured based on conductivity value from the nutritional content. Therefore, the parameter of the quality of milk with conductivity value can be a benchmark for quality and selling value of milk, making it simpler to be implemented in the field. The aim of this research is to analyze the relation between electric conductivity (EC) with the content value of cow milk. The milk was taken from 10-30 cows from a farm in Lembang (district of West Bandung), Pengalengan (district of Bandung), Tasikmalaya, Sumedang, Subang, Sukabumi and Bogor of West Java Province. The milk was put in 50 ml of sterile falcon. The Probe EC count-meter CT-3031 was used to measure EC while the quality of milk was measured by Probe MilkoScan<sup>TM</sup>FT 120 (Foss). The milk quality is reflected by protein content, Fat, Total Solid (TS), Solid Non-fat (SNF), Lactose, Density, Acidity and Freeze Point Deviation (FPD). The results of this study show that the EC value in the milk gives a very real positive effect (p=<0.01) to Total Solid (TS), Solid Non-fat (SNF), Lactose, and Freeze Point Deviation (FPD). The value of EC also significantly affect (p=<0.05) the value of density in milk. Therefore, the value of EC can be used to predict the quality value of milk.</p>
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Awais, Muhammad, Nadeem Javaid, Khursheed Aurangzeb, Syed Haider, Zahoor Khan, and Danish Mahmood. "Towards Effective and Efficient Energy Management of Single Home and a Smart Community Exploiting Heuristic Optimization Algorithms with Critical Peak and Real-Time Pricing Tariffs in Smart Grids." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 12, 2018): 3125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113125.
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Nowadays, automated appliances are exponentially increasing. Therefore, there is a need for a scheme to accomplish the electricity demand of automated appliances. Recently, many Demand Side Management (DSM) schemes have been explored to alleviate Electricity Cost (EC) and Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). In this paper, energy consumption problem in a residential area is considered. To solve this problem, a heuristic based DSM technique is proposed to minimize EC and PAR with affordable user’s Waiting Time (WT). In heuristic techniques: Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) are implemented.
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Abdelmonem, Ahmed. "Development of the hybrid MCDM model for cloud computing adoption strategic management." Fusion: Practice and Applications 3, no. 2 (2021): 74–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/fpa.030203.
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With the widespread use of distributed alternative energy sources, electric cars, energy storage systems, and technologies like Cloud Computing (CC), Big Data, and the IoT, energy management in CC contexts has developed. Concerns about the Energy Cloud's performance goals are presented in this fashion as a major development point (EC). The aims of this essay include identifying key FPVs and how they relate to issues in EC, as well as formulating an approach to overseeing the growth and maturity of EC settings. Through literature research, FPVs were identified as well as their influence on each other. It was determined that those FPVs were an important, secondary, motivational factor, and independent voters by using the AHP approach. An all-encompassing management model for EC is presented in the article, and it can be used as a compass for making strategic choices on technical, organizational, commercial, and regulatory matters. This model may be tailored to the specifics of the business landscape and its breadth.
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Udeinya, I. J., C. Magowan, and J. D. Chulay. "Long-Term Cultured Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (EC-FP5) Bind Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Erythrocytes." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 41, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1989.41.400.
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Kruithof, Egbert, Vijay Kakkar, Florea Lupu, and Cristina Lupu. "Acute Release of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor after In Vivo Thrombin Generation in Baboons." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 82, no. 12 (1999): 1652–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1614895.
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SummaryTissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), the major downregulator of the procoagulant activity of tissue factor (TF), is synthesised by endothelial cells (EC) and acutely released in vitro after thrombin stimulation. Expression of TF on EC and subsequent thrombin generation occurs in vivo during sepsis or malignancy, inducing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The present study investigates the changes in plasma TFPI in relation to markers of in vivo thrombin generation induced by injection of factor Xa (FXa)/phospholipids in baboons at dosages leading to partial (48%) or complete fibrinogen depletion. The plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) and fibrinopeptide A (FpA), as markers of in vivo generation of thrombin, were strongly enhanced after injection of FXa/phospholipids. TFPI levels, whether measured as antigen or activity, increased significantly in both treatment groups within few minutes, and were dependent on the dose of FXa/phospholipids. Significant positive correlations between plasma levels of TFPI and of TAT or FpA were observed. Altogether, our results indicate that experimentally induced in vivo generation of thrombin causes the acute release of TFPI, high-lighting a possible novel function of thrombin in downregulation of the coagulation process, potentially relevant for the outcome of DIC.
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Molteni, Monica, Annalisa Bosi, and Carlo Rossetti. "The Effect of Cyanobacterial LPS Antagonist (CyP) on Cytokines and Micro-RNA Expression Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS." Toxins 10, no. 7 (July 16, 2018): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10070290.
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS) is a key bacterial structure involved in the maintenance of a chronic pro-inflammatory environment during periodontitis. Similar to other gram-negative LPS, Pg-LPS induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines through interaction with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and is able to stimulate negative TLR4 regulatory pathways, such as those involving microRNA (miRNA). In this work, we employed CyP, an LPS with TLR4-MD2 antagonist activity obtained from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria planktothrix FP1, to study the effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production and miRNA expression in human monocytic THP-1 cells stimulated with Pg-LPS or E. coli LPS (Ec-LPS). Results showed that CyP inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 expression more efficiently when co-incubated with Pg-LPS rather than with Ec-LPS. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production was maintained even when CyP was added 2 h after LPS. The analysis of the effects of CyP on miRNA expression showed that, although being an antagonist, CyP did not inhibit miR-146a induced by Pg-LPS or Ec-LPS, whereas it significantly inhibited miR-155 only in the cultures stimulated with Ec-LPS. These results suggest that CyP may modulate the pro-inflammatory response induced by Pg-LPS, not only by blocking TLR4-MD2 complex, but also by preserving miR-146a expression.
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Gardi, A., N. Valencia, R. Guillande, and C. André. "Inventory of uncertainties associated with the process of tsunami damage assessment on buildings (SCHEMA FP6 EC co-funded project)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2011): 883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-883-2011.
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Abstract. Within the framework of the SCHEMA FP6 EC co-funded project (http://www.schemaproject.org), we have identified the sources of errors/uncertainties that can be introduced at several steps of the damage assessment process, from post-disaster field measures up to hazard and damages maps production. Errors, for instance, are introduced when collecting post-disaster observations owing to different types of instruments/methods, water marks considered, tide correction, etc.: in extreme cases, differences of meters can be found between water heights data published by different teams for the same locations. Much uncertainty comes from difficulties in identifying and characterizing the potential tsunami sources and from numerical modelling. Moreover, the resolution of the employed Digital Terrain Models can noticeably affect the predicted inundation extent. We have also verified that the consistency of the computations on the long term varies sensitively depending on the code, raising the problem of results reliability for emergency management in dangerous coasts exposed to repeated waves. In addition, damage assessment is performed using damage functions linking the mean damage level on buildings with the maximum water elevation measured in the field without considering other tsunami parameters such as stream velocity. Finally, we examined uncertainties introduced in hazard and vulnerability mapping due to cartographic processing.
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Oosting, Janine D., Ronald H. W. M. Derksen, Laya Blokzijl, Jan J. Sixma, and Philip G. de Groot. "Antiphospholipid Antibody Positive Sera Enhance Endothelial Cell Procoagulant Activity – Studies in a Thrombosis Model." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 68, no. 03 (1992): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1656365.
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SummaryThe effect of sera and IgG from 12 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on the endothelial cell (EC) procoagulant activity (PCA) was investigated in an in vitro thrombosis model. Six of the 12 SLE sera contained antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL).EC were stimulated for 8 h at 37° C with or without 50 pM tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in culture medium containing 20% patient or control serum. Then the endothelial cell matrix (ECM) was isolated and subsequently exposed in a perfusion chamber to circulating normal whole blood, anticoagulated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). The PCA of the ECM was determined as the amount of generated fibrinopeptide A (FPA) in samples taken before and after perfusion. Furthermore, cross sections were made of the perfused matrix and analyzed for platelet adhesion and aggregate formation.All six aPL containing sera induced a small, but significant increase of ECM procoagulant activity. When added in combination with a low dose of TNF (50 pM), a synergistic enhancement of ECM procoagulant activity was found. The FPA generation was increased to 150–614% from the values obtained after stimulation with TNF and control serum. Also a shift towards the formation of larger platelet thrombi was observed. After stimulation with TNF and patient serum the surface of ECM covered with large aggregates (> 5 µm) was increased by 124–329% compared to the results obtained after stimulation with control serum and TNF. When patient sera were depleted from IgG the effects were strongly decreased.These data show that the potentiation of TNF-induced PCA formation by aPL containing sera from patients with SLE leads to enhanced thrombus formation in an in vitro thrombosis model. This may help explain the increased thrombotic tendency in these patients.
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Gedicke, Thorsten, Martin Günther, and Joachim Hertzberg. "FLAP for CAOS: Forward-Looking Active Perception for Clutter-Aware Object Search11All authors are with the Institute of Computer Science, University of Osnabrück, Albrechtstr. 28, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany. Martin Günther and Joachim Hertzberg have a second affiliation with the DFKI Robotics Innovation Center, Osnabrück Branch, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany. This work is supported by the RACE project, grant agreement no. 287752, funded by the EC Seventh Framework Programme theme FP7-ICT-2011-7." IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, no. 15 (2016): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.718.
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Dishy, Victor, Ruth Landau, Gbenga G. Sofowora, Hong-Guang Xie, Richard M. Smiley, Richard B. Kim, Daniel W. Byrne, Alastair JJ Wood, and C. Michael Stein. "??2-adrenoceptor Thr164Ile polymorphism is associated with markedly decreased vasodilator and increased vasoconstrictor sensitivity in vivo." Pharmacogenetics 14, no. 8 (August 2004): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.fpc.0000114763.78957.ec.
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Conseil, Gwenaëlle, Roger G. Deeley, and Susan P. C. Cole. "Polymorphisms of MRP1 (ABCC1) and related ATP-dependent drug transporters." Pharmacogenetics and Genomics 15, no. 8 (August 2005): 523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.fpc.0000167333.38528.ec.
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Brodowicz, T., I. Steiner, S. Beslija, T. E. Ciuleanu, M. Inbar, M. Krzakowski, Z. Kahan, V. Tzekova, D. Vrbanec, and C. C. Zielinski. "Time interval between final protocol approval (FPA) and inclusion of the first patient into randomized clinical trials (RCTs) performed by the Central European Cooperative Oncology Group (CECOG): A 10-year experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 6546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6546.
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6546 Background: CECOG has been formed in 1999 to unite centers of clinical oncology from Central and Southeastern Europe and Israel in order to conduct and coordinate multicenter oncology RCTs. Based on the European legislation passed in 2001 (Directive 2001/20/EC), clinical trials must get ethical approval and approval from the competent authorities (CA). However, the duration of these regulatory procedures to initiate a clinical trial is a factor determining the competitive position in clinical research. Methods: Within the last 10 years, CECOG conducted trials in breast, colorectal, esophago-gastric, NSCLC, pancreatic, prostate cancer and GIST. We analyzed the dates of FPA, the approvals by Ethics Review Boards (ERB) and CAs, the letters of agreement between sponsor and site (LoA), the site initiation and the inclusion of the first patient in a total of 6 multicenter trials in 25 CECOG study centers in Austria, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Israel, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia. Results: The average time interval from FPA to the inclusion of the first patient was 18.4 ± 9.4 months. Most of this time has been spent for regulatory procedures, i.e. the approval by ERBs (9.6 ± 7.2 months) and CAs (10.0 ± 6.6 months). The LoA were signed 11.5 ± 9.4 months after FPA. The time interval from approval by the CAs to site initiation was 3.3 ± 3.7 months and the interval between site initiation and the inclusion of the first patient was 4.2 ± 4.5 months. Conclusions: The ‘paper to patient process‘ - the time interval between the approval of the final study protocol and the inclusion of the first patient - required 18.4 months on average in 6 multicenter trials conducted by CECOG. As the regulatory procedures used up more than 50% of duration of the whole process, optimization is necessary and realistic in order to make novel therapies available to patients more quickly. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Soares de Souza, Gustavo, Maurício Blanco Infantini, Edinei José Armani Borghi, and José Antônio Lani. "AVALIAÇÃO TÉCNICA E ECONÔMICA DE UMA COLHEDORA AUTOMOTRIZ EM LAVOURAS DE CAFÉ CONILON." Revista Ifes Ciência 6, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36524/ric.v6i3.778.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência técnica da colhedora automotriz de hastes vibratórias em lavouras de café conilon (Coffea canephora) e sua influência nos custos de colheita. Os ensaios foram realizados em lavoura comercial, com espaçamento de 3,50 x 0,50 m. Nos ensaios foram comparadas a velocidade de colheita (1,0; 1,6 e 2,0 km h-1), a frequência de vibração (700, 800 e 900 rpm) e o número de passadas da colhedora (primeira, segunda e única). Eficiência de derriça (ED) e de colheita (EC), percentual de frutos perdidos no chão (FPC) e não derriçados (FND) e desfolha foram medidos nos clones bamburral e 153/143. O custo operacional horário da colheita mecanizada foi calculado a partir dos custos fixos e variáveis. O custo total da colheita mecanizada foi obtido pelo somatório dos custos de colheita, repasse de solo e planta e perdas no chão. O aumento da velocidade e a redução da frequência e do número de passadas reduziram a ED e EC e aumentaram os FND dos clones em estudo. O uso da colhedora de café apresentou custo operacional de R$ 279,21 h-1, sendo 49% fixo e 51% variável, enquanto o manual foi de R$ 15,30 por saco (80 L). Observou-se uma redução no custo da colheita mecanizada de 33 a 50% em relação a colheita manual, com uma velocidade de 0,60 e 2,00 km h-1. O aumento da velocidade e da eficiência de colheita da máquina automotriz reduziram o custo total e unitário da colheita em relação à manual.
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Rodino, Steliana, Marian Butu, and Raluca Ion. "Waste management system in Romania – status and development for bioeconomy." SIMI 2019, SIMI 2019 (September 20, 2019): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2019.fp37.
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The waste management strategies released and applied in EU countries endeavor to achieve the improvement of natural resources use and efficiency towards reducing the air, water and soil pollution due to improper waste disposal or treatment. This paper is a blueprint on waste generation and waste management Policies, Laws and strategies existing in Romania compared to EU countries. According to Directive 2008/98/EC Waste, is defined as “any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard”. One of the main principles of waste management strategies is to be able to process the waste generated towards reaching as up as possible the Waste Management Hierarchy. From the circular economy concept point of view, the incorrect treatment of waste is representing an important loss of resources, both in raw materials and energy and therefore recycling and reuse should reach a superior level every year.
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Kinzelman, Julie, Sandra L. McLellan, Ashley Amick, Justine Preedit, Caitlin O. Scopel, Ola Olapade, Steve Gradus, Ajaib Singh, and Gerald Sedmak. "Identification of human enteric pathogens in gull feces at Southwestern Lake Michigan bathing beaches." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 54, no. 12 (December 2008): 1006–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w08-096.
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Ring-billed ( Larus delawarensis Ord, 1815) and herring ( Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763) gulls are predominant species of shorebirds in coastal areas. Gulls contribute to the fecal indicator burden in beach sands, which, once transported to bathing waters, may result in water quality failures. The importance of these contamination sources must not be overlooked when considering the impact of poor bathing water quality on human health. This study examined the occurrence of human enteric pathogens in gull populations at Racine, Wisconsin. For 12 weeks in 2004 and 2005, and 7 weeks in 2006, 724 gull fecal samples were examined for pathogen occurrence on traditional selective media (BBL CHROMagar-Salmonella, Remel Campy-BAP, 7% horse blood agar) or through the use of novel isolation techniques ( Campylobacter , EC FP5-funded CAMPYCHECK Project), and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for pathogens commonly harbored in gulls. An additional 226 gull fecal samples, collected in the same 12-week period in 2004, from a beach in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, were evaluated with standard microbiological methods and PCR. Five isolates of Salmonella (0.7%), 162 (22.7%) isolates of Campylobacter, 3 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila group 2 (0.4%), and 28 isolates of Plesiomonas shigelloides (3.9%) were noted from the Racine beach. No occurrences of Salmonella and 3 isolates of Campylobacter (0.4%) were found at the Milwaukee beach. A subset of the 2004 samples was also examined for Giardia and Cryptosporidium and was found to be negative. Information as to the occurrence of human pathogens in beach ecosystems is essential to design further studies assessing human health risk and to determine the parameters influencing the fate and transport of pathogens in the nearshore environment.
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Hancilar, U., C. Tuzun, C. Yenidogan, and M. Erdik. "ELER software – a new tool for urban earthquake loss assessment." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 22, 2010): 2677–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-2677-2010.
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Abstract. Rapid loss estimation after potentially damaging earthquakes is critical for effective emergency response and public information. A methodology and software package, ELER-Earthquake Loss Estimation Routine, for rapid estimation of earthquake shaking and losses throughout the Euro-Mediterranean region was developed under the Joint Research Activity-3 (JRA3) of the EC FP6 Project entitled "Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology-NERIES". Recently, a new version (v2.0) of ELER software has been released. The multi-level methodology developed is capable of incorporating regional variability and uncertainty originating from ground motion predictions, fault finiteness, site modifications, inventory of physical and social elements subjected to earthquake hazard and the associated vulnerability relationships. Although primarily intended for quasi real-time estimation of earthquake shaking and losses, the routine is also equally capable of incorporating scenario-based earthquake loss assessments. This paper introduces the urban earthquake loss assessment module (Level 2) of the ELER software which makes use of the most detailed inventory databases of physical and social elements at risk in combination with the analytical vulnerability relationships and building damage-related casualty vulnerability models for the estimation of building damage and casualty distributions, respectively. Spectral capacity-based loss assessment methodology and its vital components are presented. The analysis methods of the Level 2 module, i.e. Capacity Spectrum Method (ATC-40, 1996), Modified Acceleration-Displacement Response Spectrum Method (FEMA 440, 2005), Reduction Factor Method (Fajfar, 2000) and Coefficient Method (ASCE 41-06, 2006), are applied to the selected building types for validation and verification purposes. The damage estimates are compared to the results obtained from the other studies available in the literature, i.e. SELENA v4.0 (Molina et al., 2008) and ATC-55 (Yang, 2005). An urban loss assessment exercise for a scenario earthquake for the city of Istanbul is conducted and physical and social losses are presented. Damage to the urban environment is compared to the results obtained from similar software, i.e. KOERILoss (KOERI, 2002) and DBELA (Crowley et al., 2004). The European rapid loss estimation tool is expected to help enable effective emergency response, on both local and global level, as well as public information.
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Wang, Xiaoqin, Wuhan Yu, Lihong Huang, Mengyu Yan, Wenbo Zhang, Jiaqi Song, Xintong Liu, Weihua Yu, and Yang Lü. "Gait Indicators Contribute to Screening Cognitive Impairment: A Single- and Dual-Task Gait Study." Brain Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13010154.
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Background: Screening cognitive impairment is complex and not an appliance for early screening. Gait performance is strongly associated with cognitive impairment. Objectives: We aimed to explore gait indicators that could potentially screen cognitive dysfunction. Methods: A total of 235 subjects were recruited from June 2021 to June 2022. Four gait tasks, including the walking test, the timed “Up & Go” test (TUG), foot pressure balance (FPB), and one-legged standing with eyes closed test (OLS-EC), were performed. Moreover, in the walking test, participants were instructed to walk at their usual pace for the single-gait test. For the dual-task tests, participants walked at their usual pace while counting backward from 100 by 1s. The data were analyzed by the independent sample t-test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression, a linear trend, stratified and interaction analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and Pearson’s correlations. Results: Among the 235 participants, 81 (34.5%) were men and 154 (65.5%) were women. The mean age of participants was 72 ± 7.836 years. The control, MCI, mild AD, and severe AD groups had means of 71, 63, 71, and 30, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and body mass index (BMI), the dual-task toe-off-ground angle (TOA) (odds ratio (OR) = 0.911, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.847, 0.979), single-task TOA (OR = 0.904, 95% CI: 0.841–0.971), and the timed “Up & Go” time (TUGT) (OR = 1.515, 95% CI: 1.243–1.846) were significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. In addition, the trend test and stratified analysis results had no significant differences (all p > 0.05). The area under the roc curve (AUC) values of TOA in the dual-task and TUGT were 0.812 and 0.847, respectively. Additionally, TOA < 36.75° in the dual-task, TOA < 38.90° in the single-task, and TUGT > 9.83 seconds (s) are likely to indicate cognitive impairment. The cognitive assessment scale scores were significantly correlated with TOA (all r > 0.3, p < 0.001) and TUGT (all r > 0.2), respectively. Conclusion: TOA and TUGT scores are, in some circumstances, associated with cognitive impairment; therefore, they can be used as simple initial screenings to identify patients at risk.
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Schmidt, L., O. Sehic, and C. Wild. "EU FP7 research funding for an orphan drug (Orfadin®) and vaccine (Hep C) development: a success and a failure?" Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 14, no. 1 (April 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00317-8.
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Abstract Background We considered the extent of the contribution of publicly funded research to the late-stage clinical development of pharmaceuticals and medicinal products, based on the European Commission (EC) FP7 research funding programme. Using two EC FP7-HEALTH case study examples—representing two types of outcomes—we then estimated wider public and charitable research funding contributions. Methods Using the publicly available database of FP7-HEALTH funded projects, we identified awards relating to late-stage clinical development according to the systematic application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, classified them according to product type and clinical indication, and calculated total EC funding amounts. We then identified two case studies representing extreme outcomes: failure to proceed with the product (hepatitis C vaccine) and successful market authorisation (Orfadin® for alkaptonuria). Total public and philanthropic research funding contributions to these products were then estimated using publicly available information on funding. Results 12.3% (120/977) of all EC FP7-HEALTH awards related to the funding of late-stage clinical research, totalling € 686,871,399. Pharmaceutical products and vaccines together accounted for 84% of these late-stage clinical development research awards and 70% of its funding. The hepatitis C vaccine received total European Community (FP7 and its predecessor, EC Framework VI) funding of €13,183,813; total public and charitable research funding for this product development was estimated at € 77,060,102. The industry sponsor does not consider further development of this product viable; this now represents public risk investment. FP7 funding for the late-stage development of Orfadin® for alkaptonuria was so important that the trials it funded formed the basis for market authorisation, but it is not clear whether the price of the treatment (over €20,000 per patient per year) adequately reflects the substantial public funding contribution. Conclusions Public and charitable research funding plays an essential role, not just in early stage basic research, but also in the late-stage clinical development of products prior to market authorisation. In addition, it provides risk capital for failed products. Within this context, we consider further discussions about a public return on investment and its reflection in pricing policies and decisions justified.
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De-Castro, Pablo, and Gwen Franck. "Funding APCs from the research funder’s seat: Findings from the EC FP7 Post-Grant Open Access Pilot." El Profesional de la Información 28, no. 4 (August 6, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2019.jul.13.
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Hidayat, Esa. "Floods in a Changing Climate. Inundation Modelling." Jurnal Sosioteknologi 21, no. 2 (July 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/sostek.itbj.2022.21.2.12.
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This book is organized into eleven chapters and consists of three parts with different characteristics to discuss. Written by Giulano Di Baldassare as lead author and in certain chapters contributed by other authors: Paul D. Bates, Timothy J. Fewtrell, and Jeffrey C. Neal in Chapter 8; Luigia Brandimarte in Chapter 2; and Ioana Popescu in Chapter 3. Giulano Di Baldassare is known as a researcher and senior lecturer at the UNESCO-IHE for Water Education based in Delft, The Netherlands. His lectures included: hydrodynamics and remote sensing, hydrological statistics, flood management, and others related to fluids and hydraulic field. As an academic, Dr. Di Baldassare has authored more than 30 peer-reviewed journals, 60 other scientific articles, and was awarded the Outstanding Young Scientist Award from the European Geosciences Union. In addition, he applied practical his knowledge to projects relate to flood disaster mitigation, such as the coordinator of the FP7 KULTURisk EC project.
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Zabirnyk, A., M. Bogdanova, M. Ferrer, M. Perez, M. Kaljusto, K. Stenslokken, C. Salcedo, A. Fiane, and J. Vaage. "P4487Inhibition of aortic valve calcification by SNF472 in vitro." European Heart Journal 40, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0880.
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Abstract Background Calcific aortic valve disease is the 2nd most frequent cause of open heart surgery. The valve interstitial cells (VIC) are crucial for calcification. SNF472 (a derivative of phytic acid) is a calcification inhibitor currently in clinical development for the treatment of cardiovascular calcification (Phase 2 CaLIPSO trial, EudraCT 2016–002834–59). SNF472 has been shown to inhibit vascular calcification in several preclinical models. Purpose 1. Establish a new model of calcification in cultured human VIC; 2. Investigate whether SNF472 would inhibit calcification in this model, and 3. Study if SNF472 might inhibit ongoing calcification processes. Methods Healthy and calcified aortic valves were obtained from heart transplant recipients and patients undergoing aortic valve replacement due to calcific valve disease, respectively. VIC were isolated and seeded in basic growth medium, osteogenic differentiation medium (Osteodiff) alone, and with addition of different concentrations of SNF472. The following series of studies were performed: 1. VIC from healthy and calcified valves were cultured for three weeks with Osteodiff; 2. VIC from calcified valves were cultured for 3 weeks in Osteodiff media with 0, 1, 3, 10, 30, or 100 μM SNF472; 3. VIC from calcified valves were cultured for 3 weeks in Osteodiff media in total, but after 1 or 2 weeks 30 or 100 μM SNF472 was added to the cultures (n=8). Calcification was visualized by Alzarin Red staining and quantified by spectrophotometry. Statistics analysis was performed nonparametric One-Way ANOVA (Friedman and Kruskal–Wallis tests) with Dunn's post-test. Results Calcification was found to be 30% stronger in cultures of VIC from calcified valves as compared to cultured VIC from healthy valves (p=0.03). SNF472 successfully inhibited VIC calcification in a dose-dependent manner. SNF472 concentrations of 1, and 3 μM inhibited calcification by 7% (not significant) and 66% (p=0.08) respectively. Concentrations of 10, 30, and 100 μM completely inhibited calcification. 30 and 100 μM of SNF472 added after 1 week reduced ongoing calcification by 84% (p<0.01) and 100% (p<0.01) respectively. When given after 2 weeks of ongoing calcification non-significant inhibition was still observed (21 and 30%, respectively). Conclusions VIC from calcified valves have a more pro-calcification phenotype than VIC from healthy valves. SNF472 is able to inhibit the development VIC calcification in vitro. By early intervention SNF472 is also able to stop the progression of ongoing calcification. SNF472 shows to be a promising therapy to treat heart valve calcification. Acknowledgement/Funding EC FP7 (GA 609020), Balearic Islands Government grant (ES01/TCAI/41_2017), FEDER 2014-2020, Laboratoris Sanifit, Palma, Spain; University of Oslo
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"1070. Easy Search on Clinical Gene Transfer: The Euregenethy (EC-DG Research FP5-TN) Data Base on Pre-Clinical & Clinical Gene Transfer & Therapy." Molecular Therapy 11 (May 2005): S412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.07.617.
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Kankaanpää, Anna, Asko Tolvanen, Aino Heikkinen, Jaakko Kaprio, Miina Ollikainen, and Elina Sillanpää. "The role of adolescent lifestyle habits in biological aging: A prospective twin study." eLife 11 (November 8, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.80729.
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Background:Adolescence is a stage of fast growth and development. Exposures during puberty can have long-term effects on health in later life. This study aims to investigate the role of adolescent lifestyle in biological aging.Methods:The study participants originated from the longitudinal FinnTwin12 study (n = 5114). Adolescent lifestyle-related factors, including body mass index (BMI), leisure-time physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use, were based on self-reports and measured at ages 12, 14, and 17 years. For a subsample, blood-based DNA methylation (DNAm) was used to assess biological aging with six epigenetic aging measures in young adulthood (21–25 years, n = 824). A latent class analysis was conducted to identify patterns of lifestyle behaviors in adolescence, and differences between the subgroups in later biological aging were studied. Genetic and environmental influences on biological aging shared with lifestyle behavior patterns were estimated using quantitative genetic modeling.Results:We identified five subgroups of participants with different adolescent lifestyle behavior patterns. When DNAm GrimAge, DunedinPoAm, and DunedinPACE estimators were used, the class with the unhealthiest lifestyle and the class of participants with high BMI were biologically older than the classes with healthier lifestyle habits. The differences in lifestyle-related factors were maintained into young adulthood. Most of the variation in biological aging shared with adolescent lifestyle was explained by common genetic factors.Conclusions:These findings suggest that an unhealthy lifestyle during pubertal years is associated with accelerated biological aging in young adulthood. Genetic pleiotropy may largely explain the observed associations.Funding:This work was supported by the Academy of Finland (213506, 265240, 263278, 312073 to J.K., 297908 to M.O. and 341750, 346509 to E.S.), EC FP5 GenomEUtwin (J.K.), National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (grant HL104125), EC MC ITN Project EPITRAIN (J.K. and M.O.), the University of Helsinki Research Funds (M.O.), Sigrid Juselius Foundation (J.K. and M.O.), Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation (6868), Juho Vainio Foundation (E.S.) and Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg foundation (E.S.).
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M., Revathi, and Indira Y. "Bosentan Monohydrate Vesicles Loaded Transdermal Drug Delivery System: In Vitro In Vivo Evaluation." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.v7i1.8914.
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This study elucidates the enhancement of the permeation of bosentan monohydrate through skin by encapsulating it in vesicles loaded transdermal delivery system. Niosomal vesicles were formulated by ether injection method. Formulation FN7 (span 60: cholesterol: poloxamer 401, 1.25:1:0.25) showed maximum entrapment efficiency of 96.7±0.037% and was optimized for loading in to transdermal system. Transdermal systems were formulated using both hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers like HPMC, HEC and EC. Formulation F1 with HPMC was optimized based on in vitro release (99.21±1.45 %) and was further evaluated for ex-vivo permeation. The results indicate that the ex vivo release (98.13±1.65%) was as par with in vitro release and followed zero order super case- II transport mechanism. The in vivo studies were done on New Zealand male rabbits for oral and transdermal route. The results inferred no significant change in half-life of drug but a substantial difference in Tmax, AUC and MRT was observed in transdermal systems. A two fold increase in AUC was observed in transdermal route (18.609±7.251µg/ml/h) when compared to oral route (9.644±5.621µg/ml/h). A controlled release was attained up to 35h and reservoir effect was observed and this may be due to the barrier properties of skin. Drug encapsulated niosomes were released in to the skin by loosening the lipid layers and the surfactant acted as penetration enhancer. The study infers that niosomes loaded transdermal patches of bosentan monohydrate can enhance the bioavailability and provided controlled release for better therapeutic efficacy and safety of drug.
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Liu, Xue, Dandan Sun, Jifa Qin, Jiapeng Zhang, Yunfei Yang, Jisong Yang, Zhikang Wang, et al. "Spatial distribution of soil iron across different plant communities along a hydrological gradient in the Yellow River Estuary wetland." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10 (August 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.979194.
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Iron is an important element and its biogeochemical processes are vital to the matter and energy cycles of wetland ecosystems. Hydrology greatly controls characteristics of soil property and plant community in wetlands, which can regulate the behavior of iron and its oxides. However, it remains unclear how the spatial distribution of iron and its forms in estuarine wetlands responses to hydrological conditions. Five typical plant communities along a naturally hydrological gradient in the Yellow River Estuary wetland, including Phragmites australis in freshwater marsh (FPA), Phragmites australis in salt marsh (SPA), Tamarix chinensis in salt marsh (TC), Suaeda salsa in salt marsh (SS) and Spartina alterniflora in salt marsh (SA), as sites to collect soil samples. The total iron (FeT) and three iron oxides (complexed iron, Fep; amorphous iron, Feo; free iron, Fed) in samples were determined to clarify the spatial distribution of iron and explore its impact factors. The mean contents of FeT, Fep, Feo and Fed were 28079.4, 152.0, 617.2 and 8285.3 mg⋅kg–1 of soil at 0–40 cm depth in the different sites, respectively. The means were significantly different across communities along the hydrological gradient, with the higher values for SA on the upper intertidal zone and for SPA on the lower intertidal zone, respectively. Iron and its forms were positively correlated with the total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN) and clay, and negatively correlated with electrical conductivity (EC). The indexes of iron oxides (Fep/Fed, Feo/Fed and Fed/FeT) were also different across communities, with a higher value for SA, which were positively correlated with soil water content (WC) and TOC. The results indicate that a variety of plant community and soil property derived from the difference of hydrology might result in a spatial heterogeneity of iron in estuarine wetlands.
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Cordeiro, Ana Ruth Lima, Gardênia Moura de Sousa, Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira, Jefferson David Melo de Matos, André Guimarães Rodrigues, Valdir Cabral Andrade, and Francisco Jadson Lima. "Pacientes con traumas faciales ocurridos en accidentes con motocicletas en Brasil." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 8, no. 6 (September 13, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v8i6.3238.
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Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir el perfil de los pacientes con traumas de cara ocurridos en accidentes con motocicletas en Brasil. Métodos: El estudio consistió en una revisión integrativa basada en la literatura. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron el Scientific Electronic Library on-line (SciELO) y la National Library of Medicine (PubMed), utilizando los siguientes descriptores: Accidentes de Tránsito, Epidemiología y Traumatismos Faciales, de acuerdo con las terminologías consultadas en los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DECS-BIREME). La búsqueda consideró las publicaciones publicados entre los años 1995 a 2015. Resultados: En cuanto al sexo masculino, los individuos jóvenes prevalecieron en el 100% de los estudios. Sólo el 23,5% de los estudios presentaron el nivel de escolaridad de los pacientes, la condición de salud de las víctimas en el 64,7% de los casos se presentó con fracturas y traumas. La región más traumatizada fue la cara en el 41,1% de los casos, en relación al tipo de lesión en el 17% de los casos se dio por trauma y el 6,4% se dio por contusiones. En el 24,5% de los estudios las víctimas hicieron uso de bebidas alcohólicas y el 29,4% no utilizaba el casco en el momento del accidente. Conclusión: Ante ello es necesario que estudios que identifiquen o tracen el perfil de esos individuos, determinando tipo de accidentes y compromisos sean realizados de forma más detallada, para producir subsidios necesarios para la planificación de políticas públicas en salud y promoción de medidas preventivas.Descriptores: Accidentes de Tránsito; Epidemiología; Traumatismos Faciales.ReferênciasSantos LNM. Acidentes de trânsito: uma análise a partir de publicações bibliográficas. 61º Congresso Brasileiro de Enfermagem. Fortaleza-CE, 2009. Disponível em: <www.abeneventos. com.br/ anais_61cben/ files/ 00462.pdf>.Acesso em: 10 out. 2016.Brasileiro BF, Vieira JM, Silveira CES. Avaliação de traumatismos faciais por acidentes motociclísticos em Aracaju SE. Rev Cir Traumatol Buco-Maxilo-fac Camaragibe. 2010;10(2):97-104. Furtado DR. Perfil do trauma de face em pacientes vítimas de acidentes motociclísticos [dissertação]. Londrina: Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL; 2015.Gomes LS, Santos YA, Dourado SBPB, Coêlho DMM, Moura MEB. Perfil das vítimas de acidentes motociclísticos admitidas nas terapias intensivas de um hospital público. Rev Enferm UFPE. 2014;8(7):2004-12.Costa MJC, Mangueira JA. Perfil epidemiológico de ocorrências no trânsito no Brasil - revisão integrativa. Sanare Sobral. 2014;13(2):110-16.Legay LF, Santos AS, Lovisi GM, Aguiar JS, Borges JC, Mesquita RM et al. Acidentes de transporte envolvendo motocicletas perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de três capitais de estados brasileiros. Epidemiol Serv Saúde. 2012;21(2):283-92.Silva JJL, Lima AAAS, Melo IFS, Maia RCL, Pinheiro Filho TRC. Trauma facial análise de 194 casos. Rev Bras Cir Plást. 2011;26(1):37-41.Vasconcelos BG, Silva LAC, Silva Júnior AF, Mohn Neto CR, Pereira CM. Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com fraturas faciais atendidos em um hospital de Goiânia-Goiás. J Health Sci Inst. 2014;32(3):241-45.Schoeller SD, Bonetti A, Silva GA, Rocha A, Gelbcke FL, Khan P. Características das vítimas de acidentes motociclisticos atendidas em um centro de reabilitação de referência estadual do sul do Brasil. Acta Fisiátr. 2011;18(3):141-45.Who. World Health Organization. Report Global On The Status Safety Road 2015. Goals of road safety and objectives sustainable development. Genebra. OMS. 2015.Seerig LM. Motociclistas: Perfil, prevalência de uso da moto e acidentes de trânsito- Estudo de base populacional [dissertação]. Pelotas: Universidade Católica de Pelotas – UCPEL; 2012.Trajano AD, Pereira BM, Fraga GP. Epidemiology of in-hospital trauma deaths in a Brazilian university hospital. BMC Emerg Med. 2014;14:22.Gawryszewski VP, Coelho HMM, Scarpelini S, Zan R, Jorge MHPM, Rodrigues EMS. Perfil dos atendimentos a acidentes de transporte terrestre por serviços de emergência em São Paulo. Rev Saúde Pública. 2009;43(2):275-82.Macêdo JLS, Camargo LM, Almeida PF, Rosa SC. Mudança etiológica do trauma de face de pacientes atendidos no pronto socorro de cirurgia plástica do Distrito Federal. Rev Bras Cir Plást. 2007;22(4): 209-12.Macêdo DWM, Oliveira FPA. Epidemiologia de acidentes urbanos com atendimento móvel de urgência, Santarém, PA, maio a setembro de 2009. Rev Saúde e Desenvolvimento. 2012;22(4):209-12.Marin-León L, Belon AP, Barros MBA, Almeida SDM, Restitutti MC. Tendência dos acidentes de trânsito em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil: importância crescente dos motociclistas. Cad. Saúde Pública. 2012;28(1):39-51.Montovani JC, Campos LMP, Gomes MA, Moares VRS, Ferreira FD, Nogueira FD. Etiologia e incidência das fraturas faciais em adultos e crianças: experiência em 513 casos. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2006;72(2):235-41.Rezende Neta DS, Alves AKS, Leão GM, Araújo AA. Perfil das ocorrências de politrauma em condutores motociclísticos atendidos pelo SAMU de Teresina-PI. Rev bras enferm. 2012; 65(6):936-41.Sarmento DJS, Cavalcanti AL, Santos JA. Características e distribuição das fraturas mandibulares por causas externas: estudo retrospectivo. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr. 2007;7(2):139-44.Silva MGP, Silva VL, Lima MLLT. Lesões craniofaciais decorrentes de acidentes por motocicleta: uma revisão integrativa. Rev CEFAC. 2015;17(5):1689-97.Trevisol DJ, Bohm R L, Vinholes DB. Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes vítimas de acidentes de trânsito atendidos no serviço de emergência do Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição em Tubarão, Santa Catarina. Scientia Medica. 2012;22(3):148-52.Vieira RCA, Hora EC, Oliveira DV, Vaez AC. Levantamento epidemiológico dos acidentes motociclísticos atendidos em um Centro de Referência ao Trauma de Sergipe. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2011;45(6):1359-63.Wulkan NM, Parreira Jr JG, Botter DA. Epidemiologia do trauma facial Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2005;51(5):290-95.