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Boggs, Teresa. "Eating Disorders in Young Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1507.
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Reed, Courtney. "Family Stressors and How They Relate to the Onset of Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/10.
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This paper aims to study the factors relating to eating disorders and disordered eating onset. Adolescents are the focus on this review and through the evaluation of these factors. Individual factors being addressed are as follows: active social media use, experience of child abuse or maltreatment, and chronic illnesses. Evaluating family factors such as family history, experience of intimate partner violence, and parenting dynamics allow us to understand the environment and its effect on eating disorder onset. Finally, protective factors addressed include parental resilience, concrete support, and emotional competence. Understanding the associations between these factors and disordered eating will aid in better treating and preventing eating disorders in adolescents.
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Dinicola, Jennifer Ann, and Tamara Ann Pine. "Eating disorders and early attachment difficulties." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1937.
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Yu, Man Wai Philippa. "Stress and coping in parents of daughters with eating disorders an evaluation of a coping-focused intervention group /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41715986.
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Fjelland, Lindsay. "Addressing eating disorders in schools prevention and identification efforts /." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009fjellandl.pdf.
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余文蕙 and Man Wai Philippa Yu. "Stress and coping in parents of daughters with eating disorders: an evaluation of a coping-focusedintervention group." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41715986.
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Celio, Angela Ann. "Early intervention of eating and weight-related problems via the internet in overweight adolescents : a randomized controlled trial /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3170272.
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Mather, Sandra Joan. "Ultrasound bone analysis in children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa and related eating disorders." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325694.
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Girolami, Peter A. "The use of analog functional analysis in assessing the function of mealtime behavior problems." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=633.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 77 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-47).
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Bachlet, Allison M. E. "Nutritional assessment and intervention in children with severe neurological disabilities." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:35d74255-e6c4-4ba5-b881-4ddf3cb23aee.
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Providing adequate nutrition to children with severe neurological disabilities is extremely difficult due to the high prevalence of oral-motor dysfunction in this group. Short stature and light weight for height are common in disabled children and undernutrition is believed to play a role in this poor growth. This programme of study investigated the effect of gastrostomy-tube feeding in disabled children with oral-motor dysfunction and evaluated the energy balance and body composition of disabled children fed both orally and via gastrostomy-tube over twelve months. The Quality of Life of the children and their carers was also evaluated. Energy intake was measured using three-day dietary diaries and energy expenditure with indirect calorimetry and doubly labelled water. Total body water using oxygen-18 dilution was used to evaluate body composition along with standard anthropometry. Improved growth, nutritional status and general health were seen at six and twelve months after gastrostomy-tube placement. The Quality of Life of the children and their carers also significantly increased. Both energy intake and energy expenditure were found to be lower than reference standards, but energy balance was positive indicating that inadequate nutrition was not the sole cause of poor growth. Body composition was also found to be significantly different from reference. Fat-free mass was significantly low for age and for height. Fat mass was higher in gastrostomy-tube fed children, but lower or normal in disabled children fed orally. Physical activity levels were low for the entire group of disabled children yet the gastrostomy-tube fed children displayed much higher levels of disability. Gastrostomy-tube feeding has a positive impact upon the growth, health and Quality of Life of disabled children and their carers. Careful follow-up is critical in order to optimize health and body composition.
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Chung, Po-Yee. "Functional behavioral assessment-based intervention for children with food refusal behavior /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113006.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-172). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Meloff, Liann Rachel. "Assessment of disordered eating in young children, a validity study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38600.pdf.
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Lehman, Karen Elizabeth. "Maternal influence in the development of body image and dieting in young girls /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9006.
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Michelsson, Lisa, and Ulrika Larsson. "Unga flickors och deras föräldrars attityder till mat och ätande : en longitudinell delstudie av IDA-projektet." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11219.
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I föreliggande studie har unga flickors attityder till ätande över tid studeras, samt sambandet mellan föräldrars attityder till mat och ätande och deras döttrars attityder. Detta gjordes genom frågeformulären Children´s Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) och Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), från IDA-projektet (Identification of Dieting in Adolescent girls) som delades ut i 40 olika skolor i Uppsala län år 1995 samt 2000. Resultatet visade att det var elva procent av 14åringarna som låg i riskzonen (riskbeteende = 16-72 p) för att utveckla ett stört ätbeteende, medan det inte var någon utav nioåringarna som låg i riskzonen (M 9år = 1,88 M 14 år = 4,35p=.001). Inget signifikant samband mellan varken mammans och flickornas ätbeteende eller pappans och flickornas ätbeteende kunde ses. För att problem med ätstörningar hos ungaflickor ska minska tycker författarna att det är viktigt att föräldrar informeras om hur tidigt deras barn blir medvetna om kroppsideal samt matfrågor. Det är också mycket viktigt att dessa flickor, som är i riskzonen för att utveckla ett stört ätbeteende, fångas upp innan de har utvecklat en faktisk klinisk ätstörning. Som sjuksköterskor är det viktigt att ha bred kunskapom ätstörningar och dess symtom för att på ett tidigt stadium uppmärksamma flickor som drabbats.
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Vander, Wal Jillon S. "Predictors of body image : dissatisfaction in elementary-age school girls /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9951131.
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Kierulf, Jacqueline C. "The association of chronic physical illness and eating attitudes in school-aged children: A secondary analysis based on a community survey of the epidemiology and risk factors for eating and mood disorders in children." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6686.
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Children with chronic physical illness have twice the risk of psychosocial maladjustment as healthy children. One specific aspect of mental functioning is abnormal eating attitudes, hypothesized to be an early stage of an eating disorder. To date, there has been no study of the association of a variety of physical chronic illnesses with a specific psychiatric syndrome in a diagnostically heterogeneous population, comparing chronically ill children with healthy children. This study examined the association between chronic illness and eating attitudes in a population of school children from Western Quebec. A checklist of chronic medical conditions was added to the parent questionnaire in order to determine presence of chronic illness. There were two objectives of this thesis. The first objective was to determine whether chronic illness was associated with eating attitudes in children as measured by the Eating Attitudes Test. The second study objective was to determine whether there was a meaningful group difference in othcr psychometric scores of depression, family functioning and stress between children with a chronic illness and children without a chronic illness. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Lawrence, Christine M. "Racial and maternal influences on preadolescent females eating attitudes and body image /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841315.
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Martin, Andrea Roxanne. "Family and media influence on perceived body image." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3078.
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This study has found that negative body image is present in third graders, as young as seven years of age. One interesting finding was that a high number of students who viewed body-oriented magazines had a negative body image.
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Holt, Kate Eloise, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "A clinical investigation of attachment theory and the manifestation of psychological disturbance." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2005. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.093259.
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The affectional bond that develops between caregiver and child during infancy can lead to the development of emotional distress and the manifestation of psychological disturbance if the relationship is severed and a sense of loss is experienced. Furthermore, the caregiver-child relationship formed during infancy can have implications for the development of interpersonal relationships in later life. The secure or insecure attachment relationships developed influence the capacity to form affectional bonds in later life and may lead to the manifestation of psychological disturbance, such as depression.
The focus of this thesis is on four case studies of three children and one adolescent who have suffered negative early life experiences. Harrison is an 8 year old Koori boy who has suffered from maternal deprivation. Diana is a 10 year old girl who has a Mild Intellectual Disability and Epilepsy. The influence of second generational trauma on the caregiver-infant attachment relationship will also be explored in the case study of Diana. The third case study focuses on Melanie who is a 9 year old girl who has suffered from paternal sexual abuse and exhibits indiscriminate attachment relationships. Finally, the fourth case study focuses on Tammie who is a 16 year girl who exhibits depressive symptomatology which may have developed as a result of early insecure attachment relationships. The case studies are described with reference to attachment theory, the language and social deficits associated with negative early life experiences, and implications for therapeutic interventions.
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Hilbert, Anja, Susanne Kurz, Daniela Dremmel, Susann Weihrauch-Blüher, Simone Munsch, and Ricarda Schmidt. "Cue reactivity, habituation, and eating in the absence of hunger in children with loss of control eating and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33735.
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Objective: Childhood loss of control (LOC) eating and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly comorbid conditions and present with disordered eating behaviors, such as overeating. This study sought to delineate shared and specific abnormalities in physiological, cognitive-motivational, and behavioral components of food-specific impulsivity in children with LOC eating and ADHD. Specifically, children’s reactivity and habituation to food and eating in the absence of hunger were examined. Methods: Within this community-based study, four groups of 8-13 year old children with LOC eating (n=24), ADHD (n=32), comorbid LOC eating/ADHD (n=9), and matched controls (n=34) received a standard laboratory test meal to establish satiety and were then exposed to their favorite snack food in a cue exposure/reactivity trial, while salivation and desire to eat were repeatedly assessed. Subsequently, they were offered a variety of snack foods ad libitum. Results: Children with LOC eating, ADHD, and LOC/ADHD did not differ from controls in salivary reactivity and habituation to food cues. Children with LOC eating and ADHD showed greater cue reactivity of the desire to eat than controls, but groups did not differ in its longer-term increments. At free access, only children with LOC/ADHD consumed significantly more energy than controls. Longer-term increments of desire to eat predicted greater energy intake beyond LOC/ADHD group status. Discussion: Desire to eat among children with comorbid LOC eating and ADHD was associated with overeating in the absence of hunger, which may contribute to excess weight gain. Delineation of the specific features of childhood LOC eating versus ADHD warrants further study.
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Nersesova, Yanina. "A pilot study to examine eating behaviors of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12541.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityBackground: In the past decade, a growing body of research has shown a link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. Recently, studies in adults and children began exploring the possible neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms responsible for the association of ADHD with obesity. Stimulant medications used to treat ADHD might also play a protective role against weight gain in individuals with ADHD. Objective: The current pilot study set out to create and test a protocol that explores differences in obesogenic eating behaviors between typically developing (TD) children and children with ADHD who are either taking ADHD medication (ADHD-M) or have been off of ADHD medication (ADHD-NM) for the past 3 months. Given that children with ADHD are often on medication, this pilot also allowed us the opportunity to assess the feasibility of recruiting children with ADHD-NM. Methods: The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) was used to measure eating behaviors between three groups of 6-11 year old children; TD (n=6), ADHD-M (n=9), and ADHD-NM (n=3). To our knowledge this is the first study to use the CEBQ as a measure of eating behaviors in children with ADHD. The protocol consisted of a telephone screen for inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by one study visit where the CEBQ was administered along with 4 other questionnaires that will be analyzed as part of a larger study. Information was also collected on recruitment efforts, effectiveness of screening tools, and duration of study visit. Results: We found statistically significant differences in satiety responsiveness (p=0.008) among children with ADHD-M and ADHD-NM, and difference (p=0.022) among children with ADHD-M and typically developing (TD) in the desire to drink domain. We observed in the fussiness domain, borderline significant differences among children with ADHD-M and TD children (p=0.079) and in the emotional under-eating domain differences for children with ADHD-M and children with ADHD-NM (p=0.066). Also, there was a trend in the food responsiveness domain that suggested children with ADHD-NM were more responsive to food cues than the other two groups. There were no statistically significant differences seen between ADHD-NM and TD groups in the following three domains; slowness in eating, enjoyment of food, and emotional over-eating. As suspected, it was difficult to recruit children with ADHD-NM therefore; the small sample size may have limited our ability to detect significant differences. Conclusion: The pilot study showed statistically significant differences in one obesogenic CEBQ domain, satiety responsiveness, and a possible trend in the food responsiveness, which is another obesogenic domain. The differences suggest that children with ADHD-NM might be less responsive to internal satiety cues than children with ADHD-M, and more responsive to food cues than TD children or children with ADHD-M. The pilot also suggested differences between groups in three other domains; desire to drink, fussiness, and emotional undereating. Exploring these possible differences further could give insight into the mechanism contributing to the observed higher obesity risk in individuals with ADHD compared to individuals without ADHD.
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Kliem, Sören, Ricarda Schmidt, Mandy Vogel, Andreas Hiemisch, Wieland Kiess, and Anja Hilbert. "An 8-item short form of the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire adapted for children (ChEDE-Q8)." Wiley, 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33733.
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Objective: Eating disturbances are common in children placing a vulnerable group of them at risk for full-syndrome eating disorders and adverse health outcomes. In order to provide a valid self-report assessment of eating disorder psychopathology in children, a short form of the child version of the Eating Disorder Examination (ChEDE-Q) was psychometrically evaluated. Similar to the EDE-Q, the ChEDE-Q provides assessment of eating disorder psychopathology related to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. However, it does not assess symptoms of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, pica, or rumination disorder.
Method: In 1836 participants ages 7 to 18 years, recruited from two independent population-based samples, the factor structure of the recently established 8-item short form EDE-Q8 for adults was examined, including measurement invariance analyses on age, gender, and weight status derived from objectively measured weight and height. For convergent validity, the ChEDE-Q global score, Body Esteem Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and sociodemographic characteristics were used. Item characteristics and age- and gender-specific norms were calculated.
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good model fit for the 8-item ChEDE-Q. Measurement invariance analyses indicated strict invariance for all analyzed subgroups. Convergent validity was provided through associations with well-established questionnaires and age, gender, and weight status, in expected directions.
Discussion: The newly developed ChEDE-Q8 proved to be a psychometrically sound and economical self-report assessment tool of eating disorder psychopathology in children. Further validation studies are needed, particularly concerning discriminant and predictive validity.
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Bux, Fathima. "Eating patterns of Indian preschool children between 1-5 years of age in Howick West (Kwa-Zulu Natal)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53399.
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Thesis (Mnutr)--Stellenbosch University,2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Most of the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), obesity, physical inactivity and heredity are common in South African populations, with Indians ranking among those with the highest prevalence in the country. Little published literature is available on eating patterns in pre-school children in the Indian population. Therefore, this study a ims to assess the nutritional status of a group of Indian pre-school children in Howick West (a small suburb in the Kwa-Zulu Natal Midlands). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 50 Indian pre-school children between the ages of 1-5 years, randomly selected from a total of 632 available Indian households in Howick West. Written, informed consent was obtained from the mother/caregiver of each child that participated in the study. Standardized and validated 24-hour-recall (24-H-R) and quantitative food frequency questionnaires (QFFQ), used in the National Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) of 1999, were adapted and used to assess habitual intake and eating patterns of the 50 Indian pre-school children. Height and weight measurements using standardized methodology were used to assess the anthropometric status of the children. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 14%. Stunting affected only 8% of the children, and 2% were at risk of overweight. The mean energy intakes of the children were above that recommended for age. A high fat intake was observed, with total fat contributing 42% to the daily total energy (TE) intake. The contributions of total carbohydrate and protein to TE intake were 45% and 10%, respectively. Low mean intakes of the following micronutrients were observed (less than 67% of the RDA): Calcium (22% of the children), Vitamin D (90%), Zinc (56%) and Iodine (90%), respectively. Based on the 24-H-R, the intakes of the remaining micronutrients were either above or equivalent to that recommended for age when compared to the 1989 RDAs. Conclusions: Despite a relatively high prevalence of underweight compared to overweight in these preschoolers, dietary analysis has indicated adequate dietary intakes in terms of total energy recommended for the age groups studied. However, total fat intake which represented 42% of TE, was high, with saturated fat (SF) contributing 15% to TE intake. This finding is cause for concern as excessive consumption of dietary fat has been implicated in the aetiology of CVD, obesity and some forms of cancer, and CHD is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in South Africa, especially among the Indian segment of the population.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Meeste van die risikofaktore vir koronêre hartsiektes (KHS) soos hipertensie, dislipidemie, rook, nie-insulien afhanklike diabetes (NIADM), vetsug, fisiese onaktiwiteit en oorerflikheid, kom algemeen onder Suid-Afrikaanse bevolkingsgroepe voor, met Indiërs onder dié met die hoogste voorkoms in die land. Min gepubliseerde inligting is beskikbaar oor die eetgewoontes van voorskoolse kinders onder die Indiër bevolking. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus 0 m die voedingstatus van 'n groep Indiër voorskoolse kinders in Howick Wes ('n klein voorstad in die Kwa-Zulu Natal Middellande) te bepaal. Metodes: Dit was 'n dwarssnit studie van 50 voorskoolse Indiër kinders tussen die ouderdomme van 1-5 jaar, ewekansig geselekteer uit 632 beskikbare Indiër huishoudings in Howick Wes. Geskrewe en ingeligte toestemming is ontvang van die moeder/versorger van elke kind wat aan die studie deelgeneem het. Gestandaardiseerde en gevalideerde 24-uur herroep (24-H-R) en voedsel frekwensie vraelyste (QFFQ) soos gebruik in die Nasionale Voedsel Inname Studie (NFCS) van 1999, is aangepas en gebruik om gewoontelike inname en eetgewoontes van die 50 Indiër voorskoolse kinders te bepaal. Lengte en gewig is m.b.v. standaad tegnieke bepaal om die antropometriese status van die kinders te evalueer. Resultate: Die voorkoms van ondergewig was 14%. Dwerggroei het slegs 8% van die kinders geaffekteer en 2% het 'n risiko vir oorgewig getoon. Die gemiddelde energie inname van die kinders was hoër as wat aanbeveel word vir hierdie ouderdomsgroep. 'n Hoë vetinname is gevind, met 'n totale vet bydrae van 42% tot die daaglikse totale energie (TE) inname. Die bydrae van koolhidrate en proteïen tot TE was 45% en 10% respektiewelik. Lae gemiddelde innames van die volgende mikrovoedingstowwe is gevind (minder as 67% van die RDA): kalsium (22% van die kinders), vitamien D (90%), sink (56%) en jodium (90%), respektiewelik. Gebasseer op die 24-H-R, was die inname van die oorblywende mikrovoedingstowwe óf hoër óf gelyk aan wat aanbeveel word vir die betrokke ouderdomsgroep wanneer vergelyk word met die 1989 RDA. Gevolgtrekkings: Ten spyte van 'n relatiewe hoë voorkoms van ondergewig in vergelyking met oorgewig in hierdie voorskoolse kinders, was dieetinname voldoende in terme van totale aanbevole energie vir die ouderdomsgroep. Totale vetinname, wat 42% van TE uitgemaak het, was egter hoog en versadigde vette het 15% van TE bedra. Hierdie verskynsel is 'n rede tot kommer aangesien oormatige vetinname reeds geïmpliseer is in die etiologie van KHS, vetsug en sommige vorms van kanker, en KHS is een van die belangrikste oorsake van morbiditeit en mortaliteit in Suid Afrika, veralonder die Indiër bevolking.
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Holt, Kate, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Preventing weight and muscle concerns among preadolescents." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2005. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.094217.
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The high level of weight and shape concerns amongst preadolescent children has prompted interest in the development of prevention programs for this age group. In the 1990s weight and shape concerns were considered primarily an adolescent phenomenon. However, prevention programs which have been designed with adolescent and adult populations have been found to show limited success. Some researchers have argued that programs which target preadolescent children are more likely to be effective than programs that target adolescents, as by adolescence many attitudes and behaviours have become entrenched so they may be more difficult to modify. On the other hand, children's weight and shape concerns are believed to be more malleable and amenable to change. To date there have been limited controlled studies implementing prevention programs designed to reduce weight and shape concerns with preadolescent populations.
The new study conducted as part of this thesis involves the development and implementation of the Everybody s Different, Nobody Else Is Me preadolescent prevention program. The program was designed to address some of the methodological biases of past research and incorporate three risk factors, social comparisons, negative affect, and self-esteem, to reduce and/or prevent the development of weight and muscle concerns among children. These three risk factors have been found to be associated with weight and shape concerns of adolescents and adults, and there is also increasing evidence that they are important factors among children. Research also suggests that social comparisons, negative affect, and self-esteem are interrelated, which highlights the importance of targeting the variables in one program.
The new five session prevention initiative was implemented with 156 grade four children. Both the treatment and control conditions consisted of 78 children. Preliminary evidence from the new prevention initiative indicated that the program reduced muscle bulk and exercise (ie. An over-emphasis on exercise to lose weight rather than health promotion), and negative affect in the long term as assessed by the six month follow-up. At the six month follow-up, children in both the treatment and control conditions reported reduced negative affect, dieting, and muscle bulk and exercise scores and increased positive affect. Consistent with short term follow-up results, boys reported greater muscle bulk and exercise scores than girls at the six month follow-up. Girls, in both conditions, were also found to report greater positive affect than boys. These findings are discussed in relation to past research, and suggestions for future prevention initiatives are highlighted.
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Kurz, Susanne, Dominik Schoebi, Daniela Dremmel, Wieland Kiess, Simone Munsch, and Anja Hilbert. "Satiety regulation in children with loss of control eating and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a test meal study." Elsevier, 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33732.
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Children with loss of control (LOC) eating and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at risk for excessive weight gain. However, it is unclear whether or not these children show disturbances in hunger and satiety regulation. The goal was to examine the food intake and sense of LOC over eating as well as LOC eating-related characteristics during test meal in children with LOC eating and ADHD. Children aged 8-13 y with LOC eating (n = 33), ADHD (n = 32), and matched healthy controls (n = 33), consumed a test meal consisting of their chosen lunch food, with the instruction to eat until feeling full. Sense of LOC over eating, desire to eat, feelings of hunger, and liking of food were repeatedly assessed during test meal. Children with LOC eating and ADHD did not show a higher food intake at maximum satiety compared to control children. Sense of LOC over eating was significantly higher in children with LOC eating compared to children with ADHD and matched controls. Secondary analyses revealed that children with LOC eating ate marginally faster than control children. Both children with LOC eating and ADHD reported greater desire to eat, feelings of hunger, and liking of food during test meal than control children. Even though the results did not reveal statistical evidence to support the assumption of a disturbed food intake in children with LOC eating and ADHD, LOC eating related characteristics were significantly higher in these children compared to the control children. Sense of LOC over eating was confirmed as a specific characteristic of LOC eating. The examination of behavioral indicators of hunger and satiety dysregulation should be complemented with physiological indicators in future research.
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Rosewall, Juliet Mary. "Prevalence, Correlates and Moderators of Eating Pathology in New Zealand Women, Adolescent and Preadolescent Girls." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2223.
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Despite the fact that eating disorders (EDs) and their subclinical variants are important health concerns, very little research has examined eating pathology and body image, including the factors that may contribute to their development, in New Zealand. Based on the Sociocultural Model of Eating Pathology, this thesis comprises four studies that aimed to identify the factors that may interact with different parts of this model to predict eating pathology. As part of each study, the cross-cultural validity of the assessment measures used was also examined. Across all four studies, the prevalence rates of eating pathology and associated pathology were comparable to overseas estimates. Participants for Study One were 243 adolescent girls recruited from secondary school in Christchurch, New Zealand. Participants completed questionnaires assessing eating pathology, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, perfectionism, self-esteem, teasing and perceived sociocultural pressure. Regression analyses demonstrated that body dissatisfaction, socially prescribed (SP) perfectionism and negative affect uniquely predicted eating pathology in the adolescent sample. Moderator analyses indicated that high levels of SP and self-oriented (SO) perfectionism, negative affect, perceived pressure from others and the media, and low levels of self-esteem all increased the effect of body dissatisfaction on eating pathology among adolescents. Study Two examined the same risk factors among 170 preadolescent girls from primary schools in Christchurch, New Zealand, and found that body dissatisfaction, SP perfectionism and teasing independently predicted eating pathology. High levels of SO and SP perfectionism, perceived media pressure and low levels of self-esteem strengthened the body dissatisfaction-eating pathology relation. The goal of Study Three was to test the factors that serve to amplify the risk of internalising societal standards of thinness among 202 university women recruited from the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. The participants completed questionnaires measuring perfectionism, sociocultural pressure to be thin, anorectic cognitions and anti-fat attitudes. Results indicated that social pressure and information about appearance standards independently predicted thin ideal internalization but no statistically significant moderators were found. Finally, taking another approach to studying women at high or low risk for eating problems, Study Four sought to examine and describe the characteristics of women with a high body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) who were not dissatisfied with their bodies and also women who were dissatisfied with their bodies but were not engaging in pathological eating behaviour. Participants were 166 university women recruited from the University of Canterbury who completed the Personality Assessment Inventory (1991) and questionnaires relating to body dissatisfaction and eating pathology. Both of the above-mentioned groups were characterised by lower overall distress, such as lower levels of anxiety, depression and borderline features. Overall, this research suggests that disordered eating and body image concerns occur among New Zealand women, adolescent and preadolescent girls at rates similar to Europe and North America. There was reasonable support for the validity of many of the assessment measures used. The research also highlights some factors that may influence the development of eating pathology among these populations and provides possible leads for future longitudinal research and, ultimately, prevention efforts.
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Mawbey, Charlotte. "Neuropsychological profiles of children and adolescents with selective eating in the presence or absence of elevated autistic traits." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2014. http://digirep.rhul.ac.uk/items/e2d55d91-2c50-2938-3de7-93fc6fbc70d9/1/.
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Selective eating (SE) refers to an individual narrowing their range of preferred foods, resulting in a restricted food intake, high levels of rigidity and food refusal (Bryant-Waugh, 2000). SE is encompassed in the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition (DSM-V) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) category avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). Such difficulties are common in children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (Raiten & Massaro, 1986) and neuropsychological differences have been found in children with ASD (Hill, 2004). This research aimed to be the first to investigate whether a distinct neuropsychological profile exists in children and adolescents with SE and furthermore, whether aspects of the profile vary depending on whether the child or adolescent displays elevated autistic traits. A case series of 10 children between the ages of 8 to 13 years old were recruited. A well-established neuropsychological test battery, the Ravello Profile (Rose, Frampton & Lask, 2012), was modified and administered to assess visuospatial processing, central coherence, executive functions (including cognitive flexibility, inhibition and planning) and theory of mind abilities. The results demonstrated a high degree of variability across the group in terms of visuospatial processing and theory of mind, weak central coherence across all participants and otherwise relatively intact abilities in executive function domains. There were no substantive findings in relation to those children with elevated autistic traits although a trend toward visuospatial processing differences did emerge. This exploratory case series was the first attempt to describe a neuropsychological profile in SE, however the small sample size and high variability in the data meant that a distinct neuropsychological profile did not emerge. The results did however provide an initial indication of possible trends in strengths and weaknesses across neuropsychological domains in SE. These findings have implications for the assessment and treatment of SE difficulties.
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Friedemann, Claire. "Cardiovascular disease risk factors, weight, and the strategies to tackle future risk in school aged children." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7612fe59-58c3-4d62-be55-c14c1dd7490e.
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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) can have its beginnings in childhood, especially if the child is overweight. Without intervention, increased risk factors in childhood track in adulthood, putting the individual at increased risk for early cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As a result, childhood health outcomes are an increasingly popular area for health research. However, little progress has been made on the most effective way to enable children to lead healthy lives. Methods: This thesis incorporated five studies. Firstly, a systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 papers involving nearly 50,000 school children examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) categories and CVD risk factors. Secondly, a focus group study with 46 students to discuss their knowledge and attitudes towards health, health behaviours and health education. Thirdly, a focus group study with six mothers to discuss screening weight in childhood, and their perceptions of childhood health and health education. Fourthly, a component analysis to establish the characteristics of nine successful educational interventions on children’s health. Finally, a pilot intervention and feasibility study involving 314 students. Results: Overweight and obese BMI categories were associated with substantial increases in CVD risk factors measured and that the association with obesity was greater than that with being overweight. The focus group studies found that the depth of knowledge and the perceived depth of knowledge that participants had about CVD risk factors affected their attitudes and behaviours, although not in the same way. The pilot intervention was deemed feasible. A significant change was brought about in the students’ knowledge of cardiovascular disease and raised their self-efficacy towards ensuring the health of their hearts. Conclusion: The effect of obesity on cardiovascular risk factors is greater than that of being overweight. Additionally, studies in this area are hindered by inconsistent measurements and definitions of the BMI categories. Secondly, both parents and children need to be equipped with deep knowledge and understanding to facilitate attitude and behaviour change towards healthy living. Finally, the pilot intervention should be trialled in a randomised, controlled trial.
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Hartmann, Andrea S., Tanja Poulain, Mandy Vogel, Andreas Hiemisch, Wieland Kiess, and Anja Hilbert. "Prevalence rates of pica and rumination behaviors in German children aged 7-14 and their associations with feeding, eating, and general psychopathology: A population-based study." Springer, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33740.
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Despite potentially severe medical consequences of pica and rumination disorder (RD), little is known about
their prevalence and association with other psychopathology in childhood. As a part of a larger population-based
study, 804 youths aged 7–14 years and their parents were asked about their experience of pica and RD behaviors,
and associated eating, feeding and general psychopathology. A total of 12.31% and 11.49% of youth reported
having engaged in pica or RD behaviors at least once. Recurring pica or RD behaviors had been experienced by
4.98% and 1.49% of the participants. The behaviors showed a significant, but small correlation with one another
(r = .28, p < .01). Correlations with symptoms of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) were
significant, but small (pica: r = .18, RD: r = .27, both p < .01). Prevalence rates of recurring pica behavior were
significantly increased if recurring RD was present (58.33%), and also greater vice versa (17.50%). The
prevalence rates for recurrent pica and RD behaviors were also increased in the presence of an ARFID diagnosis
(both behaviors 12.0%). However, correlations with restraint, eating, weight, and shape concern were nonsignificant
(all p > .05). In addition, RD behavior was positively correlated with emotional and conduct problems
(r = .15 and .22, both p < .01) and both behaviors were negatively correlated with prosocial behavior (r = −.10
and −.09, both p < .05). Our findings underscore the clinical significance of pica and RD behaviors. More
research is warranted on both disorders, their association and their relation with ARFID, in order to reach a
further understanding of their presentation and to ascertain diagnostic validity.
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Fox, Andrew Paul. "Eating disorders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/423/.
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Overview This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology at the School of Psychology, University of Birmingham. The thesis consists of two volumes. Volume I This volume comprises two parts. The first part is a review of the literature regarding the role of attachment processes in the eating disorders. The second part is a qualitative study that investigates the personal meaning of eating disorder symptoms. The literature review suggests that although attachment processes appear to play a role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders, the precise relationship is unclear. This paper has been prepared for submission to the British Journal of Clinical Psychology. The empirical study uses interpretative phenomenological analysis in an effort to understand the sense people make of their eating disorder experiences. This paper has been prepared for submission to the Journal of Health Psychology. The Executive Summary is also submitted in this volume. Volume II Five Clinical Practice Reports (CPR) are presented in this volume. The first report details the case of a young man experiencing panic attacks and anxiety, formulated from a cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic perspective. The second report is an evaluation of a new assessment process within a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service. The third report is a single-case experimental study of an older woman who was experiencing panic-attacks and separation anxiety. The fourth report is a case study of psychotic experiences in a middle-aged man with learning disabilities, formulated from a person-based cognitive therapy perspective. The fifth report is the abstract of an oral presentation of attachment-related considerations within work with a substance-misuse service. All names and identifying features have been changed to ensure confidentiality.
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Igelström, Maria, and Maria Åkerberg. ""Man tränar för att bli smal" : Skolsköterskans upplevelser av det hälsofrämjande arbetet för att förebygga ätstörning." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17075.
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Bakgrund: Ätstörning bland barn och ungdomar leder till fysiskt och psykiskt lidande. Symtomen är matvägran, tvångsmässiga tankar på kost och vikt samt störd kroppsuppfattning. Trauma, grupptryck och genetiska faktorer är riskfaktorer för att insjukna och tidig upptäckt och behandling är viktigt för ett tillfrisknande. Skolsköterskans hälsofrämjande och förebyggande arbete är viktigt för att upptäcka och förhindra ätstörning. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att beskriva skolsköterskans upplevelser av det hälsofrämjande arbetet för att förebygga ätstörning. Metod: Kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. Semistrukturerade enskilda intervjuer samt semistrukturerade intervjuer i fokusgrupper med tio skolsköterskor analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Studien resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: salutogena möten, stödjande miljöer och känslor av otillräcklighet och frustration. Utöver detta identifierades åtta underkategorier. Konklusion: Skolsköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete för att förebygga ätstörning bygger på ett salutogent förhållningssätt. Med sin närvaro och genom samarbetet med skolpersonal och föräldrar bidrar skolsköterskan till en stödjande miljö. Skolsköterskan känner ambition och meningsfullhet men avsaknad av resurser och kompetens leder till frustration och begränsning av ett fullvärdigt hälsofrämjande arbete för att förebygga ätstörningBackground: Eating disorder among children and adolescents lead to physical and emotional suffering. Symptoms include refusing to eat, obsessive thoughts about food and weight and disturbed body image. Trauma, genetic factors and peer-pressure are risk factors and early discovery and treatment is important for recovery. The school nurse has, through health promotion and preventive work, an important role to prevent and discover eating disorder. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the school nurse's experiences of health promotion in school to prevent eating disorder. Method: A qualitative method with an inductive approach was used and the result was achieved using a qualitative content analysis. Semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews were conducted with ten school nurses. Result: The study resulted in three main categories; salutogenic meetings, supportive environments and feelings of inadequacy and frustration. Furthermore, eight subcategories were identified. Conclusion: The school nurse health promotion to prevent eating disorder is based on a salutogenic approach. By being present and by cooperating with school staff and parents, the school nurse contributes a supportive environment. The school nurse has ambitions for this work and finds the work meaningful, but lack of resources and competence leads to a sense of frustration and limitation of an effective health promotion to prevent eating disorder.
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Hill, Becky Carolynn. "Eating disorders during pregnancy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22744.pdf.
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Wilshere, Veronica. "Mentalization and eating disorders." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543931.
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Nicholson, Josie. "Relationships and Eating Disorders." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1150/.
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Kalinowski, Katherine. "Eating disorders : between people." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/14512/.
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The National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has suggested that 1.6 million people in the UK are affected by eating disorders (NICE, 2004). Generally speaking, eating disorders have major physical, psychological and social consequences (Hjern et al., 2006), often characterized by a poor quality of life (De la Rie et al., 2007) and a high health burden (Mond et al., 2009). Furthermore, anorexia nervosa has the highest rate of mortality of any psychiatric disorder, due to both medical complications associated with the disorder and suicide (BEAT, 2014). This statistic alone is indicative of the vitality of eating disorder research particularly that focused on treatment and prevention. Though the ‘poor quality of life’ and ‘high health burden’ are attributed to the individual sufferer, these adverse complications often seep into the immediate family, including children (Stitt & Rupert, 2014). The majority of studies in this field have explored the impact of parental eating disorders on their children; with a focus on the quantitative relationship between the maternal eating disorder and child development, birth weight and feeding logistics (Stitt & Rupert, 2014). The mother’s subjective experience has been widely neglected. Linville et al. have explored the sociocultural influences on the development of eating disorders. Their evidence suggested that the parents, as the primary socialization agents to their children, significantly influence the development of body image disturbances and disordered eating (Linville et al., 2011). Familial eating disorder pathology has long been a source of ongoing investigation, as studies have consistently indicated that the immediate relatives of individuals with anorexia nervosa show an increased risk of developing an eating disorder themselves (Watkins, Cooper & Lask, 2012). Though the degree of correlation pertaining to genetic and environmental influence is unclear, the link itself is consistent and compelling (Lilenfeld & Kaye, 1998). This chapter will consider the literature surrounding mothers’ experiences of feeding her children while having a disordered relationship with food. First I will consider the impact that parental psychiatric disorders have on their children, specifically, the relationship between maternal eating disorders and child development. I will then review the evidence that characterizes the children of mothers with eating disorders as a ‘at risk’ population. Previous research has identified a number of difficulties that mothers with eating disorders encounter within their parenting role; these will be explored, with a particular focus on the mothers’ subjective experience of feeding their children. And finally, the literature on the transgenerational transmission of eating disorders from mother to child will be reviewed. Treatment options will be contemplated, with a view to creating interventions specifically tailored to mothers with eating disorders and their families. A look forward in the direction of future research will be explored, specifically the effectiveness of family therapy for adults with eating disorders. There is an uneven distribution in the literature of research focused on the quantitative impact of maternal eating disorders on children and the risk of transmission. This bias manifests in an unsaturated body of evidence exploring the mothers’ experience. The current chapter will reflect this disproportionate emphasis and attend to both the majority and minority perspectives. This literature review will illuminate the need for more qualitative research, exploring the mothers’ experience of being a parent while having an eating disorder, specifically, her subjective account of engaging in the function of feeding her children.
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Crino, Natalie. "Metacognition and eating disorders." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12643.
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Cognitive theories of emotional disorder maintain that psychological dysfunction is associated with a disturbance in thoughts and beliefs. In contrast, the self-regulatory executive function theory of emotional disorder (Wells & Matthews, 1994), posits that psychological disturbance is associated with metacognitive beliefs that promote the use of dysfunctional metacognitive control strategies. The aim of the thesis was to investigate whether metacognitive beliefs and metacognitive control strategies are associated with symptoms and features of eating disorders. In pursuit of this aim, two studies were undertaken examining: features of cognition between diagnostic groups, and compared to a non-clinical group; the inter-relatedness of cognitive and metacognitive constructs and their associations with symptoms; strategy-use during body exposure and cognitive predictors of state- and physical appearance anxiety; cognitive and metacognitive predictors of early treatment response in patients undergoing cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for an eating disorder. In Study 1, 90 clinical- and 108 non-clinical participants engaged in a guided 3-minute body exposure task, and then completed questionnaires measuring affective state, and engagement in- and efficacy of thought control strategies. In Study 2, 103 clinical participants engaged in either day-hospital or outpatient CBT. After 12-weeks of treatment, symptom measures were re-administered. The overall results indicated that, firstly, eating disorder subgroups have a similar cognitive profile, but differ substantially from a non-clinical group. Secondly, the pattern of inter-relationships between cognitive and metacognitive variables was found to be multidimensional. Thirdly, the clinical group displayed a greater tendency to use maladaptive thinking strategies in general, but not under body exposure conditions. Fourthly, metacognitive variables were only found to be associated with features of the disorder that are not specific to eating disorders. However, they were found to predict degree of treatment change in dietary restraint, bulimia, body dissatisfaction and stress, which suggests that targeting metacognitive processes may be important for facilitating change in these symptoms.
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Schulz, Constanze Anja. "Early eating patterns of women with eating disorders." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25166.
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AIM: Anorexia, bulimia and obesity have become a problem for increasing numbers of females of all ages. Like eating itself, pathological eating patterns can be regarded as products of historical, societal, family and individual factors. The aim of the present study was to explore whether early experiences with food and eating influenced women's eating patterns in later life and furthermore if there are specific aspects of socialisation in regards to food which are associated with the development of a specific form of eating disorder. METHOD: The retrospective accounts of women with anorexia nervosa (n=18), bulimia nervosa (n=21) or severe obesity (n=18) were compared with those of women without an eating pathology (n=20). A semi-structured interview was conducted in addition to self-rating questionnaires about current eating behaviour (EDI, EAT, BITE) and relationships with parents and peers during childhood (PBI, PARTS). The data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative methods. RESULTS: The families of the four sub-groups differed surprisingly little concerning food and eating. However, significant differences in the informants' relationship with their mothers were found, with the eating disordered women describing their mothers as less caring and more overprotective. In addition there was a positive correlation between this parenting style of 'affectionless control' and severity of eating pathology. Qualitative analysis underlined that the sub-groups differed not only in their experience of parental control but also in how they responded to it. Body shape as a child emerged as an important factor in interview and questionnaires. Heavier weight in childhood was' associated with earlier onset of dieting and persistent negative body image. All three eating disordered sub-groups described themselves as being heavier as children and reported more size related teasing by peers and (in particular male) family members. CONCLUSION: The literature reviewed and the present study add further weight to the evidence of a link between early eating related experiences and the later manifestation of eating problems. However the link between socialisation in regards to food and eating and the development of a specific form of eating disorder is more tentative.
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Swinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.
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Research indicates that eating disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur. The prevalence of anxiety disorders amongst anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa samples has been reported in a number of investigations. Despite the significant number of research papers investigating the comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders, many are plagued by methodological problems, limiting the usefulness of findings. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of research examining the prevalence of eating disorders among anxiety patients, and as a result, the frequency of eating disorder pathology among patients presenting to specialty anxiety clinics is unclear. The current research investigated the prevalence of comorbid eating and anxiety disorders amongst 152 women presenting for either eating disorder treatment or anxiety disorder treatment. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was determined from a sample of 100 women presenting for inpatient and outpatient eating disorder treatment. The prevalence of eating disorders was determined from a sample of 52 women presenting for outpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder. The current study found that 65% of women with eating disorders also met criteria for at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 69% reported the onset of the anxiety disorder to precede the onset of the eating disorder. Of the anxiety disorders diagnosed, Social Phobia was most frequently diagnosed (42%) followed by PTSD (26%), GAD (23%), OCD (5%), Panic/Ag (3%) and Specific Phobia (2%). We also found that 13.5% of women presenting for anxiety treatment also met criteria for a comorbid eating disorder. The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of eating and anxiety disorder comorbidity is high. It is hoped that the present research will have significant etiological and therapeutic implications and further the understanding of the development and maintenance of eating disorder pathology.
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Swinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)Research indicates that eating disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur. The prevalence of anxiety disorders amongst anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa samples has been reported in a number of investigations. Despite the significant number of research papers investigating the comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders, many are plagued by methodological problems, limiting the usefulness of findings. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of research examining the prevalence of eating disorders among anxiety patients, and as a result, the frequency of eating disorder pathology among patients presenting to specialty anxiety clinics is unclear. The current research investigated the prevalence of comorbid eating and anxiety disorders amongst 152 women presenting for either eating disorder treatment or anxiety disorder treatment. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was determined from a sample of 100 women presenting for inpatient and outpatient eating disorder treatment. The prevalence of eating disorders was determined from a sample of 52 women presenting for outpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder. The current study found that 65% of women with eating disorders also met criteria for at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 69% reported the onset of the anxiety disorder to precede the onset of the eating disorder. Of the anxiety disorders diagnosed, Social Phobia was most frequently diagnosed (42%) followed by PTSD (26%), GAD (23%), OCD (5%), Panic/Ag (3%) and Specific Phobia (2%). We also found that 13.5% of women presenting for anxiety treatment also met criteria for a comorbid eating disorder. The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of eating and anxiety disorder comorbidity is high. It is hoped that the present research will have significant etiological and therapeutic implications and further the understanding of the development and maintenance of eating disorder pathology.
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Milos, Gabriella. "Eating disorders : a dynamic phenomenon /." Zürich, 2005. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253494.
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Björck, Caroline. "Self-image and eating disorders /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-670-0/.
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Ioannou, Korina. "Emotional Expression in Eating Disorders." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492753.
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Over the recent years, research has documented links between eating disorder (ED) symptomatology and deficits in emotional functioning, with respect to the identification, differentiation and expression of affective states. Theoretical models of eating disorders have become increasingly sophisticated, alluding to the functional role of disordered eating in alleviating negative affect, through physiological and cognitive pathways. The aims of the study were a) to ascertain the specificity of emotional expression problems in women with ED, relative to women with depression and normal controls, b) to compare perceptions of threat posed by emotions among the three groups, c) to determine the relationship between emotional expression and perceptions of threat from emotion in the ED sample, and d) to extend a previous study (Hayaki et al., 2002a) to an ED sample, by exploring the relationship between emotional expression and body dissatisfaction, using a multiple hierarchical regression model.
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Thomas, Michael. "Existential interventions in eating disorders." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11482/.
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This study provides the result of a doctorate research into the impact of existential psychotherapeutic interventions with people experiencing chronic eating disorders. The results indicate that positive outcomes are correlated to therapeutic interventions which concentrate on the clients own perception of control and choice over their own eating habits. The research aim was to explore both the effects and the effectiveness of existential therapy in altering the individuals subjective interpretation of their Self when they are deeply immersed in the experience of disordered eating. Interventions went beyond the cognitive-behavioural approaches into the implementation of existential psychotherapy which helped individuals to explore the existential concerns of life, choice, hope, social inclusion and love within the context of their own sense of Being. This focus led to an improvement in all study subjects and a reduction in the use of mental health resources. All individuals entered the study following assessment criteria which included chronicity, lengthy use of mental health services and past therapeutic interventions. Three diagnostic criteria were included, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Morbid Obesity. Data presented in the study supported the original premise that all three eating disorders share underlying similarities and justify the inclusion of the diagnostic criteria of morbid obesity within the study. Therapy was either in closed groups or individual and consisted of a fixed number of one-hour sessions. Therapeutic techniques included cognitive-behavioural therapy and person-centred counselling focusing on self-esteem and self-assertion, as well as an existential focus on dualistic perception of the mind/body, the conscious sense of the present and the affective bond with food itself. A series of therapeutic phases were structured to demonstrate the progress from interventions in self-esteem and self-assertion to existential concerns and principles. Taking therapy beyond cognitive-behavioural techniques involved the application of Yaloms' (1980) and Strasser and Strassers' (1997) Existential Therapy and an exploration of Duker and Slades' (1988) concepts of the fragmentation of the sense of Self in individuals experiencing eating disorders. The research demonstrated important differences between the professional perception of appropriate eating and alteration in weight as successful clinical outcomes, and the clients’ dependency on disordered eating as a source of release from interacting with others. Mental health interventions were perceived by clients as attempts to stop such a release without providing a substitute. A clear sense of loss was presented by all study subjects when eating was controlled by others. In most cases disordered eating was habitual and the emotional effects of raised or lowered glucose levels gave a sense of numbness and nothingness which was actively pursued. This was also attained when disordered eating was combined with other self-harm behaviours. Mental health practitioners inadvertently prevented the attainment of a sense of numbness by their focus on eating and body weight. The encouragement of food regimes causes increased anxiety for all clients leading to poor compliance levels. The research results have the potential to impact on mental health education and clinical services as the data indicates that individuals with disordered eating gain more benefit when the therapeutic focus is less on restoring appropriate eating habits and more on the individuals sense of Self; the importance of food intake as a source of escape from others and escape from the internal awareness of Self.
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Bamber, Diane. "Exercise dependence and eating disorders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364463.
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Luck, Amy Jane. "Schema process in eating disorders." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407942.
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van, Dyck Zoé, and Anja Hilbert. "Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-197236.
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Der Essstörungen im Kindesalter-Fragebogen (Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire; EDY-Q) ist ein aus 14 Items bestehendes Instrument zur Erfassung von restriktiven Essproblemen bei 8-13-jährigen Kindern im Selbstbericht. Die Items basieren auf den Kriterien der Störung mit Vermeidung oder Einschränkung der Nahrungseinschränkung (Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder; ARFID), definiert im Diagnostischen und Statistischen Manual Psychischer Störungen, 5. Auflage (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), auf den „Great Ormond Street“-Kriterien (Bryant-Waugh & Lask, 1995) und auf der Literatur zu restriktiven Essproblemen mit Beginn im frühen Lebensalter. Zwölf der 14 Items des EDY-Q erfassen Symptome von ARFID, inklusive der drei vorgeschlagenen Varianten (Bryant-Waugh, Markham, Kreipe & Walsh, 2010) Nahrungsvermeidung mit emotionaler Störung (food avoidance emotional disorder; FAED), selektives Essen (selective eating; SE) und funktionelle Dysphagie (functional dysphagia; FD). Zwei zusätzliche Items erfassen Pica und die Ruminationsstörung, zwei weitere Fütter- und Essstörungen mit Beginn im frühen Lebensalter, die im DSM-5 beschrieben sind (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
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Hilbert, Anja, and Dyck Zoé van. "Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-197246.
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The Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire (EDY-Q) is a 14-item instrument for assessing early-onset restrictive eating disturbances in 8-13 year old children via self-report. The items are based on: the criteria for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association APA, 2013); the Great Ormond Street criteria (Bryant-Waugh & Lask, 1995); and literature on early-onset restrictive eating disturbances. The EDY-Q consists of fourteen items, twelve of which cover ARFID symptomatology, including its three proposed variants (Bryant-Waugh, Markham, Kreipe & Walsh, 2010), food avoidance emotional disorder (FAED), selective eating (SE), and functional dysphagia (FD). Two additional items briefly address Pica and Rumination Disorder, two other early-onset feeding or eating disorders described in the DSM-5 (APA, 2013). The English version of the EDY-Q was translated from the German version (van Dyck & Hilbert, 2016) by AH. This translation was controlled by a retranslation procedure through a licensed translator.
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Fox, John R. E. "Emotional processing in eating disorders." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29107.
Full textAbstract:
Research into emotional processing in eating disorders (ED) is still very much in its infancy. Milligan and Waller (2000), Waller et al (2003) and others have shown that there is difficulty with the emotion of anger, especially in its expression. Whilst others (e.g. Troop et al, 2000) have demonstrated an increased sensitivity for disgust with an ED population. In recent years, there has been significant development in CBT models of eating disorders; in particular, bulimia nervosa and these models have started to suggest that eating disorder symptomatology acts as an emotional regulator (e.g. Cooper et al, 2004; Waller et al, 2007). Although these models are a useful start in understanding emotions in eating, there is a lack of a theoretical understanding of why people with eating disorders have particular difficulties with certain emotions. This thesis presented a detailed consideration of the literature that has attempted to understand the relationship between emotions and eating disorder symptomatology by proposing a new model of eating disorders that is based upon the recent theoretical developments in emotional processing (i.e. SPAARS model, Power and Dalgleish, 1997, 1999). This SPAARS-ED model was used as the theoretical backdrop for the thesis, and the data from the four studies were designed to test some of the key hypotheses stemming from the model. The first study was a grounded theory study that investigated perceptions of the basic emotions and the developmental histories of emotions within a group of 11 people with severe anorexia nervosa. The results highlighted themes of anger and sadness being suppressed, and were often regarded as being 'toxic'. Furthermore, themes were also explored that focused on metaemotional skills and participants recollections of how their parents, peers and caregivers used to respond to their emotions. The second study directly tested the theoretical idea of 'coupled emotions', and this study found data that demonstrated increased levels of disgust following an anger induction for people with bulimic symptoms, in comparison to control participants. The third study was a survey based study that quantitatively looked at both the predictive power of each of the basic emotions for disordered eating patterns, and also how certain emotion response styles from carers (e.g. punitive, dismissive, etc towards an emotion) were related to disorder eating. The results showed that anger and sadness predicted eating disorder symptoms, and the effect was large. However, there were no significant associations between emotion response styles and disordered eating. The final study was a hybrid study that was based on the two quantitative studies in this thesis. In a cross sectional study, a group of participants with anorexia nervosa were compared to control participants. This study had two parts, with the first part focusing on emotion regulation styles and core beliefs, whilst the second part repeated and developed the experimental methodology from study 2. The results showed that people with anorexia nervosa had significantly more internal dysfunctional emotion regulation style, and significantly more negative beliefs about the self and others when compared to controls. Interestingly these core beliefs patterns were significantly correlated with state emotions, with negative other beliefs being correlated to state anger, whilst negative internal beliefs were significantly correlated to state emotions of disgust and sadness. The second part of this study showed that, following an induced anger emotion, people with anorexia nervosa showed significantly higher levels of disgust, and estimation of body size. This was taken as further evidence of a potential coupled emotion effect, between anger and disgust within eating disorders. These findings were then discussed, in relation to both the SPAARS-ED model, and the general literature.
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Leponis, Annette Frances. "Emotional abuse and eating disorders." Thesis, Swansea University, 2004. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42883.
Full textAbstract:
Events of eating disordered peoples' lives, prior to the development of their eating disorder were examined to see if pre-existing factors contributed to their disorder. Six women who currently had or had recovered from an eating disorder were interviewed and the transcripts analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Five superordinate themes were identified: negative parental behaviour, child's emotional response to her parents' behaviour, child's behavioural response to her parents, trigger and eating disorder as a coping strategy. These themes formed a theoretical model: emotional abuse beginning a process leading to an eating disorder. The need for a multi-dimensional measure of emotional abuse was highlighted. Questions regarding parental emotional abuse were factor analysed. A mother and father version of the questionnaire was produced, each with three factors: Emotional coldness, control and psychological punishment. An upset scale was included that measured emotional affect. Emotional abuse was found to correlate with physical abuse and neglect, and eating disordered people had higher emotional abuse scores than their matched controls. The final study examined the relationships between different types of abuse, perfectionism (a sub-theme of the 'child's behavioural response to her parents') and eating disorder symptoms. The results indicated that emotional abuse rarely existed independently of other types of abuse. Multiple regression analysis indicated that a mediated relationship existed (through negative perfectionism) between mother psychological punishment and body dissatisfaction in the non-eating disorder group that supported Kent, Waller and Dagnan's (1999) findings that emotional abuse may be central to all types of abuse associated with unhealthy eating attitudes. Eating disordered people were more likely to have been emotionally abused. In the noneating disorder group psychological punishment by the mother was related to body dissatisfaction through negative perfectionism. It was concluded that emotional abuse creates a vulnerability, although a further trigger is necessary to induce an eating disorder.
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Mrowicki, Anna. "Disordered eating in gastrointestinal disorders." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/88064/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis consists of three chapters, a literature review, an empirical paper, and a reflective paper. Chapter one is a critical review of case study research on Disordered Eating (DE) in Gastrointestinal disorders (GId). Following both database and manual searches, twelve case study reports, describing 29 cases, were included and reviewed. The case study data shows there be a relationship between DE and GId, though the nature and direction of this relationship remains unclear. Possible risk factors for the onset of DE behaviours in the GId population are identified and discussed, as are suggestions for future research. Chapter two is a quantitative research study looking at DE in people with Crohn’s Disease (CD), compared to the general population. Participants in both groups (CD and control) completed self-reported, standardised measures of eating attitudes/behaviours and mood. The prevalence of DE was shown to be higher for people with CD compared to the general population, with females with CD shown to be most at risk of developing DE behaviours. In addition, anxiety and depression in children is highlighted as a possible risk factor for the development of DE in CD, in children. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed. Chapter three is a reflective account exploring the researcher’s research journey, from beginning to end. In this paper the choice of thesis topic is discussed, as are the researcher’s associated thoughts and feelings. The researcher’s epistemological position in relation to the methodology and natural style is also explored.