Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'EATING DISINHIBITION'
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Bryant, Eleanor Jane. "Understanding disinhibition and its influences on eating behaviour and appetite." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438474.
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Haynes, Charlotte L. "The interactive effects of dietary restraint and disinhibition on ingestive behaviour." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367769.
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McGeorge, Dana K. "Dietary Intake Estimations and Anthropometric Measurements in Healthy Young Adult Women with Differing Eating Characteristics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34933.
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Objective: To investigate differences in dietary intake variables and anthropometric measurements in healthy young adult women of healthy body mass index (BMI) with high and low scores of cognitive eating restraint (CER), disinhibition (DI), and hunger.
Design: Cross-sectional study in which the Eating Inventory was completed along with the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire and anthropometric measurements using standard procedures and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively.
Participants: 65 healthy young adult women.
Setting: This research was conducted in the Bone Laboratory on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.
Statistical analyses: Independent t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficient analyses, and general linear regression models.
Results: Women with high CER scores (n=32; mean±SD CER score=13.1±2.4) consumed more fruits per day (2.4±0.9 svg/d) compared to women with low CER scores (n=33; CER score=4.5±3.0; fruits=1.8±1.1 svg/d; p<0.05). Women with high hunger scores (n=35; hunger score=7.5±2.2) consumed less fruits per day (1.8±0.9 svg/d) compared to women with low hunger scores (n=30; hunger score=3.0±1.1; fruits=2.4±1.1 svg/d; p<0.05). Women with high compared to low CER scores had higher body weight (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.05), fat mass (p<0.05), and body fat percentage (p<0.05), while women with high (n=31; DI score=7.6±2.5) compared to low (n=34; DI score=2.9±1.0) DI scores were taller (p<0.05). Hunger predicted estimated daily dietary intakes of total energy (p<0.05), protein (p<0.01), and fat (p<0.01), while CER (p<0.05) and DI (p<0.05) predicted estimated daily dietary fruit intake.
Conclusion: In healthy young adult women, eating characteristics can distinguish between some dietary intake patterns and anthropometric measurements. Hunger is a predictor of estimated energy, protein, and fat intake in these women.Master of Science
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Rich, Shannon Scott. "The role of restraint and disinhibition in the processing of threatening stimuli : a cognitive information processing approach /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2000.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2000.Adviser: Holly Taylor. Submitted to the Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-136). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Rohde, Kerstin, Martin Federbusch, Annette Horstmann, Maria Keller, Arno Villringer, Michael Stumvoll, Anke Tönjes, Peter Kovacs, and Yvonne Böttcher. "Genetic variants in AKR1B10 associate with human eating behavior." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-169923.
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Background: The human Aldoketoreductase 1B10 gene (AKR1B10) encodes one of the enzymes belonging to the family of aldoketoreductases and may be involved in detoxification of nutrients during digestion. Further, AKR1B10 mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) expression was diminished in brain regions potentially involved in the
regulation of eating behavior in rats which are more sensitive to cocaine and alcohol. We hypothesized that the human AKR1B10 gene may also play a role in the regulation of human eating behavior.
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Story, Narelle Margaret. "Eating behaviours, choice, expectations and perceptions associated with metabolic surgery: A multi-centre investigation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15577.
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Restraint, Disinhibition and Hunger eating behaviours have been examined in relation to three metabolic surgical procedures commonly performed to treat severe obesity: adjustable gastric banding (AGB), gastric bypass (GBP), and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). No study to date has compared the effects of these three procedures in relation to eating behaviours. Severely obese adults, with guidance from their doctor, choose between the procedure types. Little is known about how procedure choices are made. The primary study aim was to investigate eating behaviours associated with AGB, GBP and SG procedures and to identify associations between eating behaviours and weight loss. Secondary aims were to discover factors that influence patients’ choice and expectations of their procedure; perceptions of the mechanisms of metabolic surgery; whether perceptions changed after surgery; and whether patients considered they were fully informed before undergoing metabolic surgical procedures. This was a before and after (one year) study of severely obese patients from ten sites in the USA, Australia, and New Zealand. Restraint, Disinhibition and Hunger were measured using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Height/weight was self-reported. Participants responded to questions concerning procedure choice, expectations and perceptions. Linear Mixed Modelling; Pearson’s Chi Square; McNemar’s test; and content analysis were utilized. Each procedure group showed statistically and clinically significant increases in Restraint and decreases in Disinhibition and Hunger over time. There were non-significant and clinically small differences between procedures for Restraint and Hunger at baseline and one year later. At baseline the AGB Disinhibtion score was statistically higher compared to GBP and SG groups. This was a clinically large difference compared with the GBP group, but only a small clinical difference compared to the SG group. The significant difference and clinically large effect size difference between the AGB and GBP groups was retained after surgery; and was marginally retained when AGB was compared with the SG with a small clinical difference. Disinhibition was the only eating behaviour that was significantly associated with body weight, BMI and the percent of weight loss.
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Adam, Sibylle. "The role of restrained eating, its subcomponents and disinhibition of control in children’s self-regulation of food intake." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.729417.
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Gumble, Amanda. "The Relationship between Self-Determined Motivation, Dietary Restraint, and Disinhibition and their Impact on Eating Behaviors, Weight Loss, and Weight Loss Maintenance in a Behavioral Weight Loss Program." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1250791664.
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Davies, Kirsty Mary. "Individual differences in eating behaviours and their relationship with motivation, cognition and weight control." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275021.
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A considerable percentage of the UK population are overweight (BMI≥25kg/m2) or obese (BMI≥30kg/m2). However, despite living in the same culture and exposed to a similar “obesogenic” environment, some individuals gain weight while others do not (French et al., 1995). This variability in weight control has been suggested to be associated with individual differences in eating behaviours (French et al., 2012). Certain factors, such as motivation (hedonic hunger and hunger status) as well as cognition (impulsivity and memory) may have an impact on eating behaviours and their relationship with weight control. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to explore individual differences in eating behaviours and investigate their relationship with motivation, cognition and weight control. The first experiment (Chapter 2) investigated the relationship between eating behaviours, motivation (hedonic hunger) and food consumption during an ad-libitum buffet. This study suggests that restrained eating behaviour was associated with higher overall energy intake, greater energy intake from unhealthy foods and greater energy intake from both high and low energy dense foods. However, no interactions between restraint and disinhibition or hedonic hunger was seen. Following this, the second experiment (Chapter 3) examined whether eating behaviours, such as disinhibition, restraint and hunger, change during a weight loss and weight maintenance period and whether they could predict changes in weight during these periods. Indeed, the results suggest that lower baseline restraint could predict greater weight loss during a low-energy liquid diet and interventions which increase restraint and decrease disinhibition may be beneficial for longer term weight maintenance. The third experiment (Chapter 4) was designed to investigate whether motivation and cognition influences eating behaviours. The results suggest that hedonic hunger, restraint and impulsivity may lead to higher levels of disinhibited eating behaviour. This study was also able to replicate the findings of previous literature suggesting that episodic memory is negatively associated with BMI (Cheke et al., 2016). Finally, following on from the previous study results, the fourth experiment (Chapter 5) included a more diverse sample of participants including dieters. The results provide evidence that individuals on a diet have poorer episodic memory ability than those currently not on a diet. This study also extended previous results suggesting that hedonic hunger (but also episodic memory and hunger) are important factors in disinhibited eating. Hedonic hunger was also shown to be important in levels of hunger.
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Iceta, Sylvain. "Repenser la désinhibition alimentaire dans l’obésité, sous l’angle de l’hypothèse de l’addiction à l’alimentation." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1003/document.
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L’addiction à l’alimentation (AA) est un concept ancien, mais encore sujet de controverses qui toucherait 18 à 24 % des obèses. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés aux intrications entre régulations du comportement alimentaire, addiction et AA, afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes liés à la désinhibition de la prise alimentaire. Notre travail a conduit à plusieurs résultats : 1) Une revue de la littérature a permis de montrer l’existence d’interaction étroite entre les niveaux de régulation du comportement alimentaire et comment AA pourrait en être un exemple de dérégulation. 2) Une étude de cohorte a permis de démontrer l’existence de caractéristiques cliniques communes entre addictions et AA et celle d’un probable transfert d’addiction de la nicotine vers l’alimentation. 3) Sur le plan expérimental, nous avons montré qu’il existe des perturbations des ondes P300 et N200, dans l’obésité et la désinhibition alimentaire, proches de celles observées dans les addictions. 4) Enfin, nos résultats suggèrent le rôle potentiel de la ghréline comme marqueur de risque de trouble du comportement alimentaire. Ce travail ouvre des perspectives sur le plan expérimental, avec la suggestion de groupes contrôles plus pertinents ; cliniques, avec la création d’un potentiel test de dépistage rapide ; thérapeutiques, avec la mise en place d’un essai thérapeutique par tDCSFood addiction (FA) is an old concept, but still subject to controversy. It affects 18 to 24% of obese people. In this thesis, we are interested in overlaps between food behavior regulation, addiction and FA, in order to better understand the mechanisms linked to food intake disinhibition. Our work leads to several results: 1) A review of the literature has shown the existence of close interaction between eating behavior regulation levels and how FA could be an example of their disturbance. 2) A cohort study demonstrated the existence of common clinical features between addiction and FA and a probable addiction transfer from nicotine to food. 3) From an experimental point of view, we have shown that there are disturbances of P300 and N200 ERP, in obesity and food disinhibition, close to those observed in addictions. 4) Finally, our results suggest the potential role of ghrelin as a marker for eating disorders increased risk. This work opens experimental perspectives, with the suggestion of more relevant control groups; clinical perspectives, with the creation of a screening tool; therapeutics perspectives, with the establishment of a therapeutic trial by tDCS
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Harris, Cristen Lynn. "Psychological and Cognitive Factors that Influence Post-Exercise Energy Intake in Normal Weight and Overweight Sedentary Males." FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/66.
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The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise on acute (ad libitum lunch) post-exercise energy intake (PE-EI) and 12-hour energy intake in normal-weight and overweight sedentary males. Accuracy in estimating energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE), solid vs. liquid carbohydrate intake, mood, and perceived hunger were also assessed. The study consisted of two conditions, exercise and rest, with each subject participating in each condition, in a counterbalanced-crossover design on two days. The participants were randomly assigned to either the exercise or resting (seated) control condition on the first day of the experiment, and then the condition was reversed on the second day. Exercise consisted of walking on a treadmill at moderate-intensity for 60 minutes. Eighty males, mean age 30+8 years were categorized into five groups according to weight status (overweight/normal-weight), dietary restraint status (high/low), and dieting status (yes/no). The main effects of condition and group, and the interaction were not significant for acute (lunch) or 12-hour PE-EI. Overall, participants estimated EE for exercise at 46% higher than actual exercise EE, and they estimated EE for rest by 45% lower than actual resting EE. Participants significantly underestimated EI at lunch on both the exercise and rest days by 43% and 44%, respectively. Participants with high restraint were significantly better at estimating EE on the exercise day, and better at estimating EI on the rest day. Mood, perceived hunger, and solid vs. liquid carbohydrate intake were not influenced by dietary restraint, weight, or dieting status. In conclusion, a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise did not influence PE-EI in sedentary males in reference to dietary restraint, weight, and dieting status. Results also suggested that among sedentary males, there is a general inability to accurately estimate calories for moderate-intensity physical activity and EI. Inaccurate estimates of EE and EI have the potential to influence how males manage their weight.
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Ulijaszek, S., and Eleanor J. Bryant. "Binge eating, disinhibition and obesity." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/12181.
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Obese individuals, especially those who are morbidly obese, are more likely to binge-eat and to have Disinhibition, as measured by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire of Stunkard and Messick (1985). The latter characterises very opportunistic eating behaviour and signifies a readiness to eat. We argue in this chapter that binge eating and Disinhibition are deeply adaptive as mechanisms for dealing with one of the most fundamental of insecurities, that of food, especially in seasonal and unpredictable environments. It is only in recent decades, with improved food security in industrialized nations and the emergence of obesity at the population level, that they have become maladaptive in terms of health outcomes, and have been medically pathologized.
Binge-eating and Disinhibition are no longer responses to uncertainty in food availability has they would have been in the evolutionary past. Rather, there may be other types of uncertainty and insecurity that lead to Disinhibition, binge-eating and obesity, and clinical practice should perhaps turn to examining these as higher-level factors that structure health and illness. These would include stress at work and in everyday life
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Bryant, Eleanor J., N. King, and J. E. Blundell. "Disinhibition: its effects on appetite and weight regulation." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5739.
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yesOver the past 30 years, the understanding of eating behaviour has been dominated by the concept of dietary restraint. However, the development of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire introduced two other factors, Disinhibition and Hunger, which have not received as much recognition in the literature. The objective of this review was to explore the relationship of the Disinhibition factor with weight regulation, food choice and eating disorders, and to consider its aetiology. The review indicates that Disinhibition is an important eating behaviour trait. It is associated not only with a higher body mass index and obesity, but also with mediating variables, such as less healthful food choices, which contribute to overweight/obesity and poorer health. Disinhibition is also implicated in eating disorders and contributes to eating disorder severity. It has been demonstrated that Disinhibition is predictive of poorer success at weight loss, and of weight regain after weight loss regimes and is associated with lower self-esteem, low physical activity and poor psychological health. Disinhibition therefore emerges as an important and dynamic trait, with influences that go beyond eating behaviour and incorporate other behaviours which contribute to weight regulation and obesity. The characteristics of Disinhibition itself therefore reflect many components representative of a thrifty type of physiology. We propose that the trait of Disinhibition be more appropriately renamed as ¿opportunistic eating¿ or ¿thrifty behaviour¿.
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Bryant, Eleanor J., K. Keizebrink, N. King, and J. E. Blundell. "Interaction between disinhibition and restraint: Implications for body weight and eating disturbance." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5743.
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yesAn increase in obesity is usually accompanied by an increase in eating disturbances. Susceptibility to these states may arise from different combinations of underlying traits: Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Restraint and Disinhibition. Two studies were conducted to examine the interaction between these traits; one on-line study (n=351) and one laboratory-based study (n=120). Participants completed a battery of questionnaires and provided self-report measures of body weight and physical activity. A combination of high Disinhibition and high Restraint was associated with a problematic eating behaviour profile (EAT-26), and a higher rate of smoking and alcohol consumption. A combination of high Disinhibition and low Restraint was associated with a higher susceptibility to weight gain and a higher sedentary behaviour. These data show that different combinations of Disinhibition and Restraint are associated with distinct weight and behaviour outcomes.
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Girz, Laura. "Two Kinds of Overeating: Can We Distinguish Between Disinhibited Eating in Restrained Eaters and Simple Overeating That Occurs in Everyone?" Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43568.
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Four studies were conducted to examine whether disinhibited eating among restrained eaters can be differentiated from simple overeating, which occurs among both restrained and unrestrained eaters. We propose that disinhibited eating is caused by the conscious relaxation of inhibitions on food intake. In contrast, simple overeating is an umbrella term encompassing all forms of inadvertent overeating. This includes overeating in response to cues that redefine acceptable intake, and thus allow people to eat more than usual without viewing their food intake as excessive. Disinhibited eating in dieters should result in continued overeating in the absence of factors causing reinhibition, whereas simple overeating does not undermine dietary inhibition and should not result in continued overeating, and may not even be experienced as overeating. Furthermore, unlike simple overeating, disinhibited eating should be accompanied by perceptions that one has eaten too much. Study 1 examines whether restrained eaters who become disinhibited continue to overeat after the disinhibitor is removed. Restrained eaters who were disinhibited by expecting their diets to be broken, and only those restrained eaters, continued to overeat when presented with a second eating opportunity. Studies 2 and 3 assess whether simple overeating in response to normative cues can be distinguished from disinhibited eating in response to cognitive cues related to thinking the diet is or will be broken. In Study 3, restrained eaters who became disinhibited by thinking that their diets would be broken viewed their food intake as excessive and continued to overeat after the disinhibitor was removed. In contrast, restrained eaters who ate a lot after being informed that other study participants had eaten a large amount did not view their food intake as excessive and did not go on to overeat during a second eating opportunity. Study 4 was designed to further examine the role of awareness of having overeaten in disinhibited eating, but no disinhibition effect was observed.
Overall, the results suggest that disinhibited eating can be distinguished from simple overeating on the basis of whether restrained eaters view their intake as excessive and whether they continue to overeat during a second eating opportunity.
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Bryant, Eleanor J., P. Caudwell, M. Hopkins, N. King, and J. E. Blundell. "Psycho-markers of weight loss. The roles of TFEQ Disinhibition and Restraint in exercise-induced weight loss." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5741.
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yesEating behaviour traits, namely Disinhibition and Restraint, have the potential to exert an effect on food intake and energy balance. The effectiveness of exercise as a method of weight management could be influenced by these traits. Fifty eight overweight and obese participants completed 12-weeks of supervised exercise. Each participant was prescribed supervised exercise based on an expenditure of 500 kcal/session, 5 d/week for 12-weeks. Following 12-weeks of exercise there was a significant reduction in mean body weight ( 3.26 ± 3.63 kg), fat mass (FM: 3.26 ± 2.64 kg), BMI ( 1.16 ± 1.17 kg/m2) and waist circumference (WC: 5.0 ± 3.23 cm). Regression analyses revealed a higher baseline Disinhibition score was associated with a greater reduction in BMI and WC, while Internal Disinhibition was associated with a larger decrease in weight, %FM and WC. Neither baseline Restraint or Hunger were associated with any of the anthropometric markers at baseline or after 12-weeks. Furthermore, after 12-weeks of exercise, a decrease in Disinhibition and increase in Restraint were associated with a greater reduction in WC, whereas only Restraint was associated with a decrease in weight. Post-hoc analysis of the sub-factors revealed a decrease in External Disinhibition and increase in Flexible Restraint were associated with weight loss. However, an increase in Rigid Restraint was associated with a reduction in %FM and WC. These findings suggest that exercise-induced weight loss is more marked in individuals with a high level of Disinhibition. These data demonstrate the important roles that Disinhibition and Restraint play in the relationship between exercise and energy balance.
BBSRC
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"Associations Among Self-Compassion, Stress, and Eating Behavior in College Freshmen." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.18061.
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abstract: In the past decade, research has demonstrated the relationship between higher levels of self-compassion and lower levels of negative psychological outcomes. More recently, the concept of self-compassion has been explored within the context of various health behaviors. Very few studies have investigated the potential relationship between self-compassion and eating behaviors. Based on literature and the established relationship between negative self-evaluation and abnormal eating behaviors/eating disorders, the current study sought to examine correlations between self-compassion, eating behaviors, and stress in first time college freshmen. The study population consisted of 1478 participants; ages 18-22 years; females = 936 (63%), males = 541 (37%). Participants self-reported measures of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), and the Self Compassion Scale (SCS). PSS score, the overall score and individual subscale scores of SCS, and the three subscale scores of the TFEQ (restraint, disinhibiton, hunger) were examined with Pearson correlations. Results of this study indicate significant (p = < .05) differences between males and females in PSS and all three negative SCS subscales. There was a strong and consistent correlation between the eating behavior of disinhibition and all three negative constructs of self-compassion (self-judgment, r = .29; isolation, r = .23; over-identification, r = .28) in females. The eating behavior of restraint was similarly correlated with SCS self-judgment in females (r = .26). More research is needed to understand differences in stress, self-compassion, and eating behaviors between males and females and to better comprehend the weak associations between eating behaviors and the positive psychological constructs of self-compassion (self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness) for males and females. Additionally, future research should focus on the three subscales of disinhibition as they relate to the negative constructs of self-compassion. The preliminary results of this study suggest it would be beneficial, particularly to female college freshmen, to more fully understand the dynamics of the relationship between eating behaviors and self-compassion; this knowledge may help to better structure appropriate coping strategies for the prevention of disordered eating behaviors.Dissertation/Thesis
M.S. Exercise and Wellness 2013