Journal articles on the topic 'Eating Behaviours'
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1
Tanton, Jina, Lorna J. Dodd, Lorayne Woodfield, and Mzwandile Mabhala. "Eating Behaviours of British University Students: A Cluster Analysis on a Neglected Issue." Advances in Preventive Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/639239.
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Unhealthy diet is a primary risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. University student populations are known to engage in health risking lifestyle behaviours including risky eating behaviours. The purpose of this study was to examine eating behaviour patterns in a population of British university students using a two-step cluster analysis. Consumption prevalence of snack, convenience, and fast foods in addition to fruit and vegetables was measured using a self-report “Student Eating Behaviours” questionnaire on 345 undergraduate university students. Four clusters were identified: “risky eating behaviours,” “mixed eating behaviours,” “moderate eating behaviours,” and “favourable eating behaviours.” Nineteen percent of students were categorised as having “favourable eating behaviours” whilst just under a third of students were categorised within the two most risky clusters. Riskier eating behaviour patterns were associated with living on campus and Christian faith. The findings of this study highlight the importance of university microenvironments on eating behaviours in university student populations. Religion as a mediator of eating behaviours is a novel finding.
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Atkins, Lou, and Susan Michie. "Designing interventions to change eating behaviours." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 74, no. 2 (May 2015): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665115000075.
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Understanding and changing eating behaviours are central to the work of Nutrition Society members working in both research and applied settings. The present paper describes a recently published resource to guide the design of interventions to change behaviour, The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide to Designing Interventions (BCW Guide). This is a practical guide to intervention design that brings together recently-developed theory-based tools in behavioural science into a coherent step-by-step design process. It is based on the BCW, a synthesis of nineteen frameworks of behaviour change found in the research literature. The BCW has at its core a model of behaviour known as ‘capability’, ‘opportunity’, ‘motivation’ and ‘behaviour’. The model recognises that behaviour is part of an interacting system involving all these components. The BCW identifies different intervention options that can be applied to changing each of the components and policies that can be adopted to deliver those intervention options. The book shows how the BCW links to theory-based frameworks to understand behaviour such as the Theoretical Domains Framework and the recently developed Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 for specifying intervention content. In essence, it shows how to link what is understood about a given behaviour to types of intervention likely to be effective and then translate this into a locally relevant intervention. In addition, the present paper sets out some principles of intervention design.
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Herle, Moritz, Andrea D. Smith, Alice Kininmonth, and Clare Llewellyn. "The Role of Eating Behaviours in Genetic Susceptibility to Obesity." Current Obesity Reports 9, no. 4 (September 3, 2020): 512–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00402-0.
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Abstract Purpose of Review Eating behaviours are hypothesised to be the behavioural expression of genetic risk of obesity. In this review, we summarise findings from behavioural genetic research on the association between genetic risk for obesity and validated psychometrics measures of eating behaviours in children and adults (published in the past 10 years). Recent Findings Twin studies have produced some evidence for a shared genetic aetiology underlying body mass index and eating behaviours. Studies using measured genetic susceptibility to obesity have suggested that increased genetic liability for obesity is associated with variation in obesogenic eating behaviours such as emotional and uncontrolled eating. Summary More research on this topic is needed. Especially longitudinal studies using genetically sensitive designs to investigate the direction of genetic pathways between genetic liability of eating behaviours to weight and vice versa, as well as the potential subsequent link to eating disorders.
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McIntosh, Emma, Sally A. Ferguson, Jillian Dorrian, Alison M. Coates, Gloria Leung, and Charlotte C. Gupta. "“Mars Bar and a Tin of Red Bull Kept Me and My Patients Alive”: Exploring Barriers to Healthy Eating through Facebook Comments of Shiftworkers." Nutrients 15, no. 4 (February 15, 2023): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040959.
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The negative impact of an unhealthy diet on the shiftworker population has been well-documented. However, little evidence exists on the underlying reasons for unhealthy eating behaviours and the existing barriers to healthy eating withinshiftwork environments. This qualitative study investigated the dietary behaviours reported by shiftworkers through Facebook comments. Comments were collected if they were on public shiftworker-relevant posts pertaining to dietary news or dietary information on Facebook and were posted by self-identified shiftworkers, relatives of shiftworkers, or partners of shiftworkers. A thematic analysis of the 144 comments collected generated four categories that can be used to understand the motivations for eating behaviour on-shift: what shiftworkers eat, where food is sourced from, when food is eaten, and why certain foods are chosen. Results reveal motivations, attitudes, and both internal and external barriers to healthy eating behaviours, as well as similarities and differences across shiftwork industries. Recommendations for future research include further explorations on the link between scheduled eating (e.g., time-restricted eating) and shiftwork, the impact of a rotating shift arrangements on dietary health behaviours, and the impact of interpersonal relationships on shiftworker dietary choices. Understanding these motivations will inform strategies to promote healthy eating and help understand barriers for shiftworkers.
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Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila, and Anna Brytek-Matera. "Children’s and Mothers’ Perspectives of Problematic Eating Behaviours in Young Children and Adolescents: An Exploratory Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (July 28, 2019): 2692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152692.
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The aim of this study was to (a) compare children’s perspectives of problematic eating behaviours with those of mothers and (b) check if there are differences in the level of these problematic eating behaviours between girls and boys in different age groups (young children: 8–11 years old vs. adolescents: 12–16 years old). The study involved 203 children (50.74% girls) and 203 mothers. The average age of children was 11.06 years (SD = 2.31), and the average BMI was 18.27 kg/m2 (SD = 2.29). Two questionnaires were used to assess children’s perspectives of problematic eating behaviours: The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R13) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C). One questionnaire was used to evaluate mothers’ perspectives: The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). The main results in the study indicate the following: (a) the children’s perspective based on the DEBQ-C is the most effective at predicting their BMI (this model of problematic eating behaviours explains 29% of the variance in the child’s BMI); and (b) for almost all problematic eating behaviours, older girls have the highest levels. From the current study, it can be concluded that the type of questionnaire (TFEQ-R13 vs. DEBQ-C vs. CEBQ) and the perspective (child vs. mother) differentiate the results obtained regarding the assessment of children’s problematic eating behaviours and their relation to BMI.
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Freitas, Ana, Gabriela Albuquerque, Cláudia Silva, and Andreia Oliveira. "Appetite-Related Eating Behaviours: An Overview of Assessment Methods, Determinants and Effects on Children’s Weight." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 73, no. 1 (2018): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489824.
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Identifying the underlying child-eating behaviours that contribute to weight differences across growth has been a constant challenge. This report reviews the various literature approaches for assessing appetite regulation. In doing so, it attempts to understand how appetite control develops and determines the eating habits in early childhood, and its effects on children’s weight status. The interaction between homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms largely explains the appetite regulation process. Homeostatic mechanisms are mediated by the biological need to maintain the body’s energy reserves, increasing the motivation to eat. On the contrary, the hedonic mechanisms are mediated by food reward, increasing the craving for high-palatable foods and triggering the release of dopamine and serotonin. There are many biological methods (plasma measurements of hormones, like leptin, ghrelin and insulin) and behavioural evaluation methods of appetite. The Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire is most commonly used, due to its adequate psychometric properties tested in several population settings. The development of eating behaviours begins in utero, and several determinants may contribute to a decrease in the ability to self-regulate dietary intake. Examples include genetic predisposition, the first taste experiences and the family environment, a key determinant in this process. Several eating behaviours contribute most to childhood obesity. Among them, are the external eating (eating by external stimuli, such as the mere presence of the food or its smell), food restriction (which may potentiate the uninhibited increased intake of the restricted foods) and emotional eating (intake due to emotional variations, especially negative feelings). These eating behaviours have been linked to childhood obesity.
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Meyer, Caroline, Lauren McPartlan, Anthony Rawlinson, Jo Bunting, and Glenn Waller. "Body-Related Behaviours and Cognitions: Relationship to Eating Psychopathology in Non-Clinical Women and Men." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 39, no. 5 (May 31, 2011): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465811000270.
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Background: Eating disturbances and poor body image are maintained by body-related safety behaviours and their associated cognitions. These include body checking, avoidance, comparison and display, which can be seen as safety behaviours, maintaining eating pathology and poor body image. It is not clear from the existing literature whether these behavioural and cognitive patterns are independently related to eating psychopathology. Method: This study of a non-clinical group of women and men (N = 250) explored the association of eating attitudes and behaviours with these four elements of body-related behaviours and cognitions. Results: It was found that each of the four elements had independent associations with eating attitudes and behaviours. Those associations were not explained by anxiety or depression levels. Discussion: Whilst these findings require study within a clinical group, they suggest that all four elements of body-related behaviours and cognitions need to be considered as potential maintaining factors when formulating eating psychopathology and body image disturbance.
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Brug, Johannes, Stef P. Kremers, Frank van Lenthe, Kylie Ball, and David Crawford. "Environmental determinants of healthy eating: in need of theory and evidence." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67, no. 3 (August 2008): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665108008616.
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In order to promote healthful nutrition, insight is needed into the determinants of nutrition behaviours. Behavioural determinant research and behavioural nutrition interventions have focused mostly on individual-level motivational factors. It has been argued that the individual's socio-cultural and physical environments may be the main determinants of nutrition behaviours. However, the theoretical basis and empirical evidence for environmental determinants of nutrition behaviours are not strong. The present paper is a narrative review informed by a series of systematic reviews and recent original studies on associations between environmental factors and nutrition behaviours to provide an overview and discussion of the evidence for environmental correlates and predictors of nutrition behaviour. Although the number of studies on potential environmental determinants of nutrition behaviours has increased steeply over the last decades, they include only a few well-designed studies with validated measures and guided by sound theoretical frameworks. The preliminary evidence from the available systematic reviews indicates that socio-cultural environmental factors defining what is socially acceptable, desirable and appropriate to eat may be more important for healthful eating than physical environments that define the availability and accessibility of foods. It is concluded that there is a lack of well-designed studies on environmental determinants of healthful eating behaviours. Preliminary evidence indicates that social environmental factors may be more important than physical environmental factors for healthful eating. Better-designed studies are needed to further build evidence-based theory on environmental determinants to guide the development of interventions to promote healthful eating.
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Shettiwar, Shweta, and Minal Wade. "Correlates of picky eating behaviour in children and its effect on growth." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 6 (October 21, 2019): 2444. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20194547.
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Background: Picky eating is common in preschool-aged children. Children’s picky eating behaviour has been linked both to being overweight and underweight. Authors objectives was to study the factors associates of picky eating behaviour on growth and nutritional status of children.Methods: A Cross-sectional study done in 200 parents of children between 1-5 year age visiting outpatient department. Picky eating behaviours were assessed using questions from children eating behaviour questionnaire.Results: In the study, the estimated prevalence rate was 25%, maximum 38% at 49 to 60 months. 26% of subjects with picky eating behaviour had height for age <-3SD (severely stunted) 38% of subjects with picky eating behaviour had weight for height <-3SD (severely wasted) as compared to only 4% in non-picky eating behaviour subjects. Low birth weight and exclusive breast feeding for less than 6 month, were found to be significant risk factor for development of picky eating behaviour, while no significant association was seen with the time of introduction of semisolid complimentary feeds.Conclusions: Picky eating is major parental concern and impacts growth of children. The children with picky eating behaviours need to be monitored for growth.
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Caroleo, Mariarita, Amedeo Primerano, Marianna Rania, Matteo Aloi, Valentina Pugliese, Fabio Magliocco, Gilda Fazia, et al. "A real world study on the genetic, cognitive and psychopathological differences of obese patients clustered according to eating behaviours." European Psychiatry 48, no. 1 (2018): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.11.009.
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AbstractBackgroundConsidering that specific genetic profiles, psychopathological conditions and neurobiological systems underlie human behaviours, the phenotypic differentiation of obese patients according to eating behaviours should be investigated. The aim of this study was to classify obese patients according to their eating behaviours and to compare these clusters in regard to psychopathology, personality traits, neurocognitive patterns and genetic profiles.MethodsA total of 201 obese outpatients seeking weight reduction treatment underwent a dietetic visit, psychological and psychiatric assessment and genotyping for SCL6A2 polymorphisms. Eating behaviours were clustered through two-step cluster analysis, and these clusters were subsequently compared.ResultsTwo groups emerged: cluster 1 contained patients with predominantly prandial hyperphagia, social eating, an increased frequency of the long allele of the 5-HTTLPR and low scores in all tests; and cluster 2 included patients with more emotionally related eating behaviours (emotional eating, grazing, binge eating, night eating, post-dinner eating, craving for carbohydrates), dysfunctional personality traits, neurocognitive impairment, affective disorders and increased frequencies of the short (S) allele and the S/S genotype.ConclusionsAside from binge eating, dysfunctional eating behaviours were useful symptoms to identify two different phenotypes of obese patients from a comprehensive set of parameters (genetic, clinical, personality and neuropsychology) in this sample. Grazing and emotional eating were the most important predictors for classifying obese patients, followed by binge eating. This clustering overcomes the idea that ‘binging’ is the predominant altered eating behaviour, and could help physicians other than psychiatrists to identify whether an obese patient has an eating disorder. Finally, recognising different types of obesity may not only allow a more comprehensive understanding of this illness, but also make it possible to tailor patient-specific treatment pathways.
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Glozah, Franklin N., and David J. Pevalin. "Perceived social support and parental education as determinants of adolescents’ physical activity and eating behaviour: a cross-sectional survey." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 27, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2014-0019.
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Abstract Purpose: To examine the role of perceived social support and parental education on physical activity and eating behaviour of Ghanaian adolescents. Methods: Seven hundred and seventy Senior High School students (504 boys and 266 girls) between the ages of 14–21 years participated by completing questionnaires on perceived social support, physical activity and eating behaviour. The highest education attained by either parent or guardian was also obtained. Multivariate analysis of covariance was the main statistical test used to analyse the data. Results: The results showed significant gender differences in physical activity and eating behaviour combined, with boys more likely to engage in physical activity than girls, and girls also more likely to engage in healthy eating behaviour than boys, albeit the effect was not statistically significant. While perceived social support had a significant positive effect on eating behaviour and physical activity, parental education had a significant effect only on eating behaviour but not physical activity. Conclusion: Perceived social support from family coupled with parental education provides more opportunities for adolescents to engage in healthy eating behaviour. Also, parents’ educational attainment alone does not necessarily guarantee that adolescents will engage in physical activity; providing the needed social support and conducive home environment is more likely to induce physical activity behaviours. Finally, physical activity and eating behaviour should not be construed as alternative health behaviours as suggested by gender differentials in these health behaviours.
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Sesbreno, Erik, Christine E. Dziedzic, Jennifer Sygo, Denis P. Blondin, François Haman, Suzanne Leclerc, Anne-Sophie Brazeau, and Margo Mountjoy. "Elite Male Volleyball Players Are at Risk of Insufficient Energy and Carbohydrate Intake." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (April 24, 2021): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051435.
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Elite volleyball athletes experience significant physical and psychological demands during the competitive season. The aim was to compare the dietary intake of male volleyball athletes with recommendations for sport and health, and to examine the association of physique traits and knee health on eating behaviours and of eating behaviours on reported dietary intake. Using a retrospective cross-sectional design, 22 male athletes from a national indoor volleyball program underwent anthropometric, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and resting metabolic rate testing, 4-day dietary intake and hematological analysis, and also completed the three-factor eating questionnaire–R18 for eating behaviours and the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment—patellar tendon (VISA-P) questionnaire for knee health. Most players under-consumed energy compared to reference guidelines, secondary to under-consuming carbohydrate for exercise. The primary eating behaviour was cognitive restraint, which was associated with body mass index and ectomorphy. Emotional eating behaviour was associated with VISA-P. Differences in emotional and cognitive restraint eating behaviours did not impact dietary intake. The findings suggest that players are at risk of an impaired ability to adapt to and recover from training during an important segment of the competitive season. Future work should explore the presence of low energy availability in elite male volleyball players.
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Astuti, Sri, and Himasari Hanan. "The Behaviour of Consumer Society in Consuming Food at Restaurants and Cafes." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v1i1.173.
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Commodity consumption behaviour in eating places is heavily influenced by design factors, either its atmosphere or serving facilities. The preferences of eating places are influenced by the social class of people. The study aims to gain insight on people’s behaviour at restaurants and cafes associated with the design of the eating places. Based on the observations made on three eating places, there are different eating place preference behaviours. Besides its design and facilities, however, there are two types of eating places, which are used either to consume the food served or to enjoy the atmosphere of the place.
© 2016 The Author. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Keywords: Eating place, eating behaviour, design factors, Bandung.
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Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria, Giulia Rondinelli, Giulio Rivetti, Angela Klain, Francesca Aiello, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Fabio Decimo, Alfonso Papparella, and Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice. "Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Children’s Eating Behaviours: A Longitudinal Study." Children 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2022): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9071078.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on children’s lifestyle and eating behaviour, resulting in an increase of obesity prevalence. The CEBQ (Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) is a validate questionnaire that investigates children’s eating behaviour. Knowing the psychological consequences of daily routine disruption during lockdown, we evaluated the changes in eating behaviours in a paediatric cohort before and during the lockdown period through the evaluation of the Italian version of the CEBQ. We prospectively enrolled children attending the pediatric clinic of the University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’. All parents answered the parent-report version of the CEBQ before lockdown containment. During lockdown, the second survey was carried out by telephone call. The study sample included 69 children. Food responsiveness and emotional overeating subscales showed higher scores during lockdown compared to data before lockdown (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conversely, desire to drink and satiety responsiveness showed lower scores at follow-up (p = 0.04 and p = 0.0001, respectively). No differences were observed for slowness in eating and enjoyment of food. Delta changes were higher in normal-weight children compared to children with obesity (p = 0.02). Our results confirm that containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have acted as triggers on certain eating behaviors that mostly predispose to an obesogenic manner.
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Wu, Wen-Chi, Dih-Lin Luh, Ching-I. Lin, Yi-Chen Chiang, Chao-Chia Hung, Sabrina Wang, Chi-Chen Wu, et al. "Reciprocal relationship between unhealthy eating behaviours and depressive symptoms from childhood to adolescence: 10-year follow-up of the Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-Term Evolution study." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 9 (January 19, 2016): 1654–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003675.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the reciprocal relationship between unhealthy eating behaviours and depressive symptoms from childhood to adolescence.DesignUnhealthy eating behaviours were measured by the frequencies of eating foods with excess salt, sugar or fat in the past week. Depressive symptoms in the past two weeks were measured using a seven-item scale. Hierarchical linear growth models were used to analyse longitudinal associations between unhealthy eating behaviours and depressive symptoms. Time-fixed variables (sex, parents’ education level and household monthly income) and time-varying variables (parents’ marital status, family activities, body weight, vegetable or fruit consumption, exercising and smoking) were controlled for.SettingThe Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-Term Evolution study, which commenced in 2001 and has annual follow-up.SubjectsStudents (n 2630) followed from 2nd grade (8 years old in 2002) to 11th grade.ResultsThe frequency of unhealthy eating behaviours in the previous year and the difference between the frequency in the previous and successive year were positively associated with the initiation and growth rate of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms in the previous year and the difference in depressive symptoms between the previous and successive year were positively associated with the initial state and growth rate of unhealthy eating behaviours.ConclusionsOur results suggest a reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and unhealthy eating behaviours. This relationship should be considered when developing programmes targeting depressive symptoms and unhealthy diet in children and adolescents.
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Herle, Moritz, Bianca De Stavola, Christopher Hübel, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Diana Santos Ferreira, Ruth J. F. Loos, Rachel Bryant-Waugh, Cynthia M. Bulik, and Nadia Micali. "A longitudinal study of eating behaviours in childhood and later eating disorder behaviours and diagnoses." British Journal of Psychiatry 216, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.174.
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BackgroundEating behaviours in childhood are considered as risk factors for eating disorder behaviours and diagnoses in adolescence. However, few longitudinal studies have examined this association.AimsWe investigated associations between childhood eating behaviours during the first ten years of life and eating disorder behaviours (binge eating, purging, fasting and excessive exercise) and diagnoses (anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, purging disorder and bulimia nervosa) at 16 years.MethodData on 4760 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children were included. Longitudinal trajectories of parent-rated childhood eating behaviours (8 time points, 1.3–9 years) were derived by latent class growth analyses. Eating disorder diagnoses were derived from self-reported, parent-reported and objectively measured anthropometric data at age 16 years. We estimated associations between childhood eating behaviours and eating disorder behaviours and diagnoses, using multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsChildhood overeating was associated with increased risk of adolescent binge eating (risk difference, 7%; 95% CI 2 to 12) and binge eating disorder (risk difference, 1%; 95% CI 0.2 to 3). Persistent undereating was associated with higher anorexia nervosa risk in adolescent girls only (risk difference, 6%; 95% CI, 0 to 12). Persistent fussy eating was associated with greater anorexia nervosa risk (risk difference, 2%; 95% CI 0 to 4).ConclusionsOur results suggest continuities of eating behaviours into eating disorders from early life to adolescence. It remains to be determined whether childhood eating behaviours are an early manifestation of a specific phenotype or whether the mechanisms underlying this continuity are more complex. Findings have the potential to inform preventative strategies for eating disorders.
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Brytek-Matera, A., P. Bronowicka, and J. Walilko. "Restraint theory: Significance of rumination." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S179—S180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.476.
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IntroductionRestraint theory (Herman and Polivy, 1975) suggests that human eating behaviour is under cognitive control and this leads to reduced sensitivity to internal cues for satiety, resulting in overeating in situations where cognitive control is under-mined (Johnson et al., 2012). In other words, restraint theory suggests that restraint (dieting) actually leads to leads to an excessive intake of food.ObjectivesThe present study sought to investigate the relationship between dieting, eating behaviours (uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, cognitive restraint) and rumination (repetitive negative thinking). The second objective was to determine whether rumination mediates the relationship between dieting and both uncontrolled eating and emotional eating.MethodsThe sample was composed of 188 women (Mage = 29.46 ± 8.94; MBMI = 23.16 ± 4.04). The Eating Attitudes Test, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire were used in the present study.ResultsDieting for weight control (intentional weight loss) was associated with higher levels of uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, cognitive restraint and repetitive negative thinking. Mediation analyses showed that the relationship between dieting and inappropriate eating behaviours was mediated by rumination. The direct effect of dieting on both uncontrolled eating and emotional eating was significant, suggesting partial mediation.ConclusionsOur findings support the relevance of rumination in linking dieting and eating behaviours among women. The current study may have clinical applications such as the potential integration of rumination for the prevention and changes in inappropriate eating behaviours.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Bingham, Clarissa ML, Piia Jallinoja, Marjaana Lahti-Koski, Pilvikki Absetz, Merja Paturi, Harri Pihlajamäki, Timo Sahi, and Antti Uutela. "Quality of diet and food choices of Finnish young men: a sociodemographic and health behaviour approach." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 6A (June 2010): 980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010001187.
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AbstractObjectiveEating habits of Finns have improved dramatically in 40 years. The proportion of fat in the diet has decreased and vegetable and fruit consumption increased. Knowledge of Finnish young men’s dietary habits is limited. The aim was to assess food choices and quality of diet among young men and to analyse how background and health behaviour factors explain it.DesignIn 2007, data on eating habits, sociodemographic background factors and health behaviours of 17–21-year-old men (n 2905) entering military service were collected by self-administrated questionnaire. Two indexes – core food index (CFI) and extra food index (EFI) – were formed to describe daily and redundant snacking-type eating, respectively. Associations of background factors and health behaviours on the indexes were analysed by general linear modelling.ResultsIn all, 13 % consumed fruits and berries daily and 8 % consumed vegetables, whereas 24 % consumed pizza and 19 % consumed hamburgers more than once a week. CFI increased with educational level (P < 0·001) and was explained by background and health behaviour (smoking, physical activity and eating breakfast). EFI was inversely associated with BMI (P < 0·001) and explained by health behaviour: (smoking, physical activity, drinking beer and eating breakfast).ConclusionsThese results indicate that in early adulthood, eating habits cluster with other health behaviours among men. In this age group, education is associated with core food but not with extra food eating habits. Furthermore, seasonal variation is seen in both types of eating. When promoting healthy eating, a distinction between core foods and extra foods by using feasible indexes will be helpful in targeting the efforts.
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Costa, Alexandra, and Andreia Oliveira. "Parental Feeding Practices and Children’s Eating Behaviours: An Overview of Their Complex Relationship." Healthcare 11, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11030400.
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Several studies have found an association between eating behaviours and weight status and obesity risk in childhood. Children’s eating behaviours arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Parents appear to play a central role in their development as the main responsible for shaping children’s feeding environment and eating experiences. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on parental influences on eating behaviours across childhood, mainly focusing on parental feeding practices. The associations between parental feeding practices and children’s eating behaviours have been extensively studied. However, most of the findings come from cross-sectional studies, so the possibility of reverse causality cannot be ruled out (i.e., children’s behaviours influencing parents). Most recently, a few longitudinal studies with a cross-lagged design have shown that the relationship between children’s eating behaviours and parental feeding practices seems to be bidirectional, where it is not straightforward whether parental feeding practices are a predictor or a consequence of children’s eating behaviours. Children’s eating behaviours influence parents to adopt certain feeding practices, but these practices also influence children’s behaviours over time. Parental feeding practices may have the potential to shape children’s eating behaviours and should be targeted to promote the development of non-obesogenic traits. However, parent–child interactions are complex and therefore both parent and child characteristics and the family dynamics should be considered.
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Götz, Sven, Camille M. C. Raoult, Klaus Reiter, Monika Wensch-Dorendorf, and Eberhard von Borell. "Lying, Feeding and Activity Preference of Weaned Piglets for LED-Illuminated vs. Dark Pen Compartments." Animals 12, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12020202.
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Little is known on the effect of light on pig behaviour. The choice behaviour of weaned piglets kept under two different light-emitting diode (LED) illuminance levels was investigated: 32 piglets (in two batches) were housed in a preference test room composed of two identical double pen units. One side of the pen unit was permanently illuminated with 600 lux, while the other was darkened to almost 0 lux (~0 lx); by using a passageway, piglets could move between the two sides. The “lying”, “eating” and “activity” behaviours were evaluated during three days in the first, third and fifth experimental week based on video recordings and a 5-min time sampling method. At first, piglets preferred to stay in the 600 lux illuminated compartments. Then, this preference decreased for the “eating” and “activity” behaviours and reversed for the “lying” behaviour, with the darkened compartments being preferred. The results also show that pen soiling was higher under 600 lux, but feed consumption was not affected by the illuminance. Since pigs choose between the two illuminance levels to perform specific behaviours, illuminance could be used to divide the pens into functional areas and, thus, help in meeting pigs’ behavioural needs.
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Kontic, Olga, Nadja Vasiljevic, Jagoda Jorga, Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic, Aneta Lakic, and Aleksandra Arsic. "Presence of different forms of compensatory behaviours among eating disordered patients." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no. 5-6 (2010): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1006328k.
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Introduction Eating disorders indicate unhealthy habits in nutrition and/or behaviour in the feeding and maintaining of body weight. The main characteristic of these diseases is changed behaviour in nutrition, either as an intentional restriction of food, namely extreme dieting or overeating, i.e. binge eating. Extreme dieting, skipping meals, self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, and misuse of laxatives and diuretics for the purpose of maintaining or reducing body weight are the forms of compensatory behaviour. Objective The purpose of the present research was to determine the presence of different inappropriate compensatory behaviours among eating disordered patients. Methods The experimental group included 35 female eating disordered patients of 23.02?}3.46 years on average, with anorexia or bulimia nervosa. The control group consisted of 70 girls aged 23.1?}3.0 years on average. Each participant completed a '24-hour Recall Questionnaire' and the 'Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale'. Results A high statistically significant difference existed in the presence of all compensatory behaviours in the experimental and control group, regarding vomiting (?2=40.6; p<0.001), misuse of laxatives and diuretics (?2=33.7; p<0.001), extreme dieting (?2=23.4; p<0.001) and excessive exercising (?2=27.1; p<0.001). Conclusion Eating disordered patients showed a significantly higher incidence of all evaluated forms of compensatory behaviour in comparison with the control group. This report confirms the presence of specific symptomatology of anorexia and bulimia patients. .
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Shaikh, Nida I., Jennifer K. Frediani, Usha Ramakrishnan, Shailaja S. Patil, Kathryn M. Yount, Reynaldo Martorell, KM Venkat Narayan, and Solveig A. Cunningham. "Development and evaluation of a Nutrition Transition-FFQ for adolescents in South India." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 7 (January 10, 2017): 1162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016003335.
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AbstractObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a Nutrition Transition-FFQ (NT-FFQ) to measure nutrition transition among adolescents in South India.DesignWe developed an interviewer-administered NT-FFQ comprising a 125-item semi-quantitative FFQ and a twenty-seven-item eating behaviour survey. The reproducibility and validity of the NT-FFQ were assessed using Spearman correlations, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and levels of agreement using Bland–Altman and cross-classification over 2 months (NT-FFQ1 and NT-FFQ2). Validity of foods was evaluated against three 24-h dietary recalls (24-HR). Face validity of eating behaviours was evaluated through semi-structured cognitive interviews. The reproducibility of eating behaviours was assessed using weighted kappa (κw) and cross-classification analyses.SettingVijayapura, India.SubjectsA representative sample of 198 adolescents aged 14–18 years.ResultsReproducibility of NT-FFQ: Spearman correlations ranged from 0·33 (pulses) to 0·80 (red meat) and ICC from 0·05 (fruits) to 1·00 (tea). On average, concordance (agreement) was 60 % and discordance was 7 % for food groups. For eating behaviours, κw ranged from 0·24 (eating snacks while watching television) to 0·67 (eating lunch at home) with a mean of 0·40. Validity of NT-FFQ: Spearman correlations ranged from 0·11 (fried traditional foods) to 0·70 (tea) and ICC ranged from 0·02 (healthy global foods) to 1·00 (grains). The concordance and discordance were 48 % and 8 %, respectively. Bland–Altman plots showed acceptable agreement between NT-FFQ2 and 24-HR. The eating behaviours had acceptable face validity.ConclusionsThe NT-FFQ has good reproducibility and acceptable validity for food intake and eating behaviours. The NT-FFQ can quantify the nutrition transition among Indian adolescents.
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Scaglioni, Silvia, Valentina De Cosmi, Valentina Ciappolino, Fabio Parazzini, Paolo Brambilla, and Carlo Agostoni. "Factors Influencing Children’s Eating Behaviours." Nutrients 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2018): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10060706.
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Deniz, Veli, and Leyla Özgen. "Emotional Eating Behaviours in Adolescents." Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 9, no. 8 (August 22, 2021): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-9-8-2.
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Slater, Joyce, Bhanu Pilli, Aynslie Hinds, Alan Katz, Marcelo L. Urquia, Julianne Sanguins, Chris Green, Jaime Cidro, Dan Chateau, and Nathan Nickel. "Food Behaviours and Health Indicators in Manitoba Adolescents and Relation to the Healthy Eating Index." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032007.
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Adolescence is a vital period of growth and development, both of which are dependent on adequate nutrition; however, concerns persist about poor nutrition and inappropriate food behaviours. In addition to nutrition assessment, the context of food and health behaviour is necessary to understand how dietary choices are shaped and related to diet quality. This study describes food-related behaviours and health indicators associated with dietary quality among adolescents in Manitoba, Canada. A stratified two-stage sampling method was used to collect data on the diet, food behaviours and health indicators of 1587 grade nine students. Diet quality was analysed using the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Several food behaviours and health indicators varied by gender and school region (urban, rural, northern). The Independent Samples t-test and one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) assessed differences between groups on the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Higher Healthy Eating Index-Canada scores were found for those eating family dinners more frequently; consuming breakfast and lunch more frequently; consuming breakfast at home; eating lunch and morning snacks at school; purchasing fewer meals and snacks from cafeterias and vending machines; believing that food and nutrition education is important; not attempting to lose weight; being classified as ‘healthy weight’; and getting more sleep. Many Manitoba youth are exhibiting food and health behaviours that increase their risk of having a poor diet.
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González-Monroy, Cristina, Irene Gómez-Gómez, Cristian M. Olarte-Sánchez, and Emma Motrico. "Eating Behaviour Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 11130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111130.
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Eating behaviour is a complex construct that is liable to be modified by external factors. Due to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many restrictive measures were carried out with the aim of reducing the impact of this disease. As a result, lifestyles were disrupted, which could affect eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review of longitudinal studies was to assess changes in eating behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic by establishing a comparison of eating behaviours before and after the outbreak of the pandemic. This study followed the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42020203246), whereas to assess the quality of the studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was applied. Out of a set of 826 studies, 23 were included in this systematic review. The main findings provided information about a shift towards modified eating behaviours, characterized by an increased snack frequency and a preference for sweets and ultra-processed food rather than fruits, vegetables, and fresh food. Additionally, an increased alcohol consumption was found among different countries. Consequently, adherence to healthy diets decreased. These findings are relevant to future policies and strategies to assess nutrition in cases of alarming situations such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Gupta, Shipra, and Deeksha Kapur. "Body Image Disturbance, Weight Perception and Body Mass Index of Female College Students in Delhi having Normal and Disordered Eating Behaviours." Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 56, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2019.56.2.22546.
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Body image and self-perception about weight, irrespective of their actual body mass index, may predispose young females to disordered eating behaviour. A study was conducted to determine body image disturbance, weight perception and body mass index among female college students in Delhi having normal and disordered eating behaviours. The study sample comprised 734 female under-graduate students between 18-21 years from women’s colleges of Delhi University. An interview-cum-questionnaire schedule was used to assess the general profile of subjects and perceptions about their body weight. Adapted Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)-26 and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ)-8c was used to determine disordered eating behaviour and body image disturbance among the subjects respectively. Body Mass Index of the subjects was also computed. Findings revealed a significant difference in self-perception about body weight among subjects showing normal and disordered eating behaviours. Higher percentage of subjects from disordered eating group perceived themselves to be either overweight or obese as compared to subjects from normal eating behaviour group.Significantly higher BSQ-8c scores and Body Mass Index were also observed among subjects having disordered eating behaviour. The study indicated that poor body image, self-perception about body weight being high as well as high body mass index played a significant role in occurrence of disordered eating behaviour among female college students in Delhi.The study depicted the urgent need to have appropriate health and nutrition education programmes for female college students to improve their perceptions about body shape and weight to further prevent the occurrence of disordered eating behaviour among them and make them less vulnerable to consequent nutritional problems.
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Allan, Steven, and Ken Goss. "Eating disorder beliefs and behaviours across eating disorder diagnoses." Eating Behaviors 15, no. 1 (January 2014): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.10.002.
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Xu, Lili, Bin Cai, Shenji Lu, Shuai Fan, and Kerong Dai. "The Impact of Education and Physical Therapy on Oral Behaviour in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder: A Preliminary Study." BioMed Research International 2021 (January 25, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666680.
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Patient education is important in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder (TMD), but little is known about its effect on oral behaviors. We aimed to determine the dominant oral behaviours in patients with TMD and assess the impact of education on such behaviours. Between July 2018 and April 2019, 54 patients diagnosed with TMD according to DC/TMD were recruited. They received physical therapy and were provided education on TMD and offered a list of recommendations for improving their oral behaviours. The patient education process usually lasted for 10–20 min. Of these patients, 48 were reexamined at the outpatient clinic, 3–9 months posttreatment. We recorded the Oral Behaviour Checklist (OBC) score, maximum painless mouth opening (mm), visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, and Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) score pre- and posttreatment. Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired sample t -test were used for statistical analysis. Results showed that the most dominant oral behaviours included “putting pressure on the jaw” (59.3%); “chewing food on one side” (46.3%); “pressing, touching, or holding teeth together at times other than eating” (33.3%); and “eating between meals” (33.3%). Posttreatment, the patients reported a decrease in “chewing gum” ( P = 0.002 ), “leaning with the hand on the jaw” ( P = 0.013 ), “chewing food on one side” ( P ≤ 0.001 ), and “eating between meals” ( P = 0.007 ), but this change was not significant in subgroups with a follow-up interval of 9 months. We also observed a significant improvement in the maximum painless mouth opening ( P ≤ 0.001 ), JFLS score ( P ≤ 0.001 ), and VAS score ( P ≤ 0.001 ) for pain, posttreatment. In conclusion, patient education can facilitate management of oral behaviours and should be targeted towards specific oral behaviours.
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Mallick, Nadira, Subha Ray, and Susmita Mukhopadhyay. "Eating Behaviours and Body Weight Concerns among Adolescent Girls." Advances in Public Health 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/257396.
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This paper presents a global review of research done on adolescent eating behaviours and food choices and the probable factors underlying it. Worldwide adolescent girls tend to develop moderate to high level of disordered eating behaviour as a result of their excessive concern with body weight or obsession with thinness. The objective of the review is to understand the concerns over body weight and the current eating patterns of adolescent girls in the developed and developing countries.
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Verdonschot, Angeliek, Emely de Vet, Natalie van Seeters, Jolieke Warmer, Clare E. Collins, Tamara Bucher, and Annemien Haveman-Nies. "Caregivers’ Role in the Effectiveness of Two Dutch School-Based Nutrition Education Programmes for Children Aged 7–12 Years Old." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010140.
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Childhood eating behaviours can track into adulthood. Therefore, programmes that support early healthy eating, including school-based nutrition education programmes, are important. Although school-based programmes may be beneficial in improving nutrition knowledge, impact on actual fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is generally limited as FV intake is also influenced by the home environment. The current study includes secondary analyses of data from an evaluation study on Dutch nutrition education and examined the role of caregivers’ health promotion behaviours (HPB) in influencing healthy eating behaviours in primary school children (n = 1460, aged 7–12 years) and whether caregivers’ HPB contribute to programme effectiveness. Children’s nutrition knowledge, FV intake and caregivers’ HPB (FV/sugar-sweetened beverages/sweets provision to take to school, cooking together and talking about healthy food at home) were measured by child-reported questionnaires at baseline, during, and 6 months post-programme. Results indicated that caregivers’ HPB was positively associated with children’s healthy eating behaviours and that programme effectiveness was highest in those in the lower HPB subcategory. In conclusion, children with less encouragement to eat healthily at home potentially benefit more from school-based nutrition education programmes than children receiving more encouragement. This highlights the important role of the home environment in supporting healthy eating behaviour in children.
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Wijnhoven, Trudy MA, Joop MA van Raaij, Agneta Yngve, Agneta Sjöberg, Marie Kunešová, Vesselka Duleva, Ausra Petrauskiene, Ana I. Rito, and João Breda. "WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: health-risk behaviours on nutrition and physical activity in 6–9-year-old schoolchildren." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 17 (July 1, 2015): 3108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001937.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess to what extent eight behavioural health risks related to breakfast and food consumption and five behavioural health risks related to physical activity, screen time and sleep duration are present among schoolchildren, and to examine whether health-risk behaviours are associated with obesity.DesignCross-sectional design as part of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (school year 2007/2008). Children’s behavioural data were reported by their parents and children’s weight and height measured by trained fieldworkers. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed.SettingPrimary schools in Bulgaria, Lithuania, Portugal and Sweden; paediatric clinics in the Czech Republic.SubjectsNationally representative samples of 6–9-year-olds (n 15 643).ResultsAll thirteen risk behaviours differed statistically significantly across countries. Highest prevalence estimates of risk behaviours were observed in Bulgaria and lowest in Sweden. Not having breakfast daily and spending screen time ≥2 h/d were clearly positively associated with obesity. The same was true for eating ‘foods like pizza, French fries, hamburgers, sausages or meat pies’ >3 d/week and playing outside <1 h/d. Surprisingly, other individual unhealthy eating or less favourable physical activity behaviours showed either no or significant negative associations with obesity. A combination of multiple less favourable physical activity behaviours showed positive associations with obesity, whereas multiple unhealthy eating behaviours combined did not lead to higher odds of obesity.ConclusionsDespite a categorization based on international health recommendations, individual associations of the thirteen health-risk behaviours with obesity were not consistent, whereas presence of multiple physical activity-related risk behaviours was clearly associated with higher odds of obesity.
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Pietrabissa, Giada, Alessandro Rossi, Michela Gaudenzi, Venessa Bertuzzi, Andrea Tagliagambe, Clarissa Volpi, Gian Mauro Manzoni, et al. "Drunkorexia: empirical investigation and analysis of the characteristics of the phenomenon in an Italian sample of adolescents and young adults." Psychology, Society, & Education 10, no. 3 (December 15, 2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/psye.v10i3.2135.
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Introduction: the term drunkorexia refers to the act of self-imposed utilization of extreme weight control methods to compensate for alcohol consumption typically observed among university students. Despite its diffusion, there is a lack of research investigating the presence of this new alarming trend in Italy. Aim: this study estimates the frequency of drunkorexia behaviours in a sample of Italian youth aged 14-24, explores the motivations for alcohol consumption among those presenting drunkorexia-type behaviours, and examines the relationship between drunkorexia and disordered eating. Methods: drunkorexia behaviors, eating habits and motives for alcohol use were investigated in 403 subjects (F=301, M=102) aged 14-24 through self-report questionnaires. A series of analyses, including descriptive statistics, univariate analysis of the variance and multiple regressions were run. Results: 62.5% of the sample showed drunkorexia-type behaviours. Drunkorexia was related to disordered eating, especially among females older than eighteen. Discussion and Conclusions: this the first study investigating the incidence of drunkorexia behaviors in a sample of youth living in Northern Italy. Evidence-based interventions for eating disorders and drinking problems should inspire the development of ad hoc preventive and treatment actions for drunkorexia.
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Marquis, Marie, Yves P. Filion, and Fannie Dagenais. "Does eating while watching television influence children's food-related behaviours?" Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 66, no. 1 (March 2005): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/66.1.2005.12.
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To assess children's food-related behaviours and their relationships with eating while watching television (TV), data were collected from 534 ten-year-old French-Canadian children. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Almost 18% of girls and over 25% of boys reported eating in front of the TV every day. Although, overall, the boys’ eating pattern was less healthy than the girls’, all of the children's food choices deteriorated with increased frequency of eating in front of the TV. Compared with girls, boys gave more importance to coloured and attractive foods, and to selecting foods similar to those eaten by others. Over 50% of children reported always receiving negative weight-related comments from family members. For boys, significant correlations were found between the frequency of eating in front of the TV, the importance given to a food's appearance, and their requests to parents for advertised foods. Significance was at the p<0.05 level for all findings. These results suggest that gender should be considered in attempts to understand children's food motivations and behaviours. The findings also indicate the need to document children's eating environments, and to inform children and their families about eating behaviours that may be associated with a given environment.
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Carbonneau, Noémie, Anne Holding, Geneviève Lavigne, and Julie Robitaille. "Feel Good, Eat Better: The Role of Self-Compassion and Body Esteem in Mothers’ Healthy Eating Behaviours." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (October 30, 2021): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113907.
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Mothers’ eating behaviours are important to ensure the health and well-being of themselves and their families. Recent research has pointed to self-compassion, defined as extending kindness to oneself in times of perceived inadequacy or general suffering, as a trait associated with healthy forms of eating, such as intuitive eating, and reduced maladaptive forms of eating, such as emotional eating. However, little is known about the psychological mechanism through which self-compassion relates to healthy eating behaviours. This study examined 100 mothers’ levels of self-compassion, body esteem and eating behaviours. Structural equation modelling revealed that self-compassion was positively associated with diet quality and intuitive eating, while being negatively associated with emotional eating. Moreover, these links occurred, in part, due to higher body esteem. This points to a mechanism through which self-compassion may positively contribute to mothers’ healthy eating behaviours. The implications for eating outcomes and women’s health are discussed.
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Calvert, Sian, Robert C. Dempsey, and Rachel Povey. "A qualitative study investigating food choices and perceived psychosocial influences on eating behaviours in secondary school students." British Food Journal 122, no. 4 (March 17, 2020): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2019-0575.
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PurposeChildhood obesity is a major global health concern. Understanding children's and adolescent’s eating behaviours and promoting healthier behaviours is key for reducing the negative health outcomes associated with obesity. The current study explored the perceptions of healthy eating behaviours and the influences on eating behaviours amongst 11-to-13-year-old secondary school students.Design/methodology/approachNine semi-structured same-sex focus group discussions were conducted in schools located in deprived areas of England, with the discussions subjected to a thematic framework analysis.FindingsThree main constructs were identified in the analysis as follows: (1) eating patterns and lifestyle, (2) social influences and (3) environmental influences. Participants understood what healthy eating behaviours are and the benefits of eating healthy; yet, they reported irregular mealtimes and consuming unhealthy snacks. Students reported that their parents and fellow student peers were strong influences on their own eating behaviours, with girls subjected to being teased by male students for attempting to eat healthily. Finally, students perceived that unhealthy foods were cheaper, tasted better and were readily available in their social environments compared to healthier options, making healthier behaviours less likely to occur.Originality/valueFindings indicate that students had a good understanding of healthy eating behaviours but did not always practise them and are seemingly influenced by their social and environmental context. The promotion of healthier eating in this age group needs to challenge the misperceptions associated with the accessibility and social acceptability of unhealthy food items.
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Dale, Hannah. "Conference Report: The moralisation of health behaviour: An expanded conference report of Professor Joop van der Pligt’s keynote speech." Health Psychology Update 17, no. 4 (2008): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpu.2008.17.4.44.
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This short report details Professor Joop van der Pligt’s keynote address at the DHP/EHPS Conference 2008. It positions this within the literature, and expands on the topics covered. Some of Professor van der Pligt’s work focuses on the role of attitudes and morals, particularly in relation to eating behaviours and nuclear energy. In his speech, Professor van der Pligt also discussed the moralisation of health behaviours, including smoking and eating. It is clear that morals play a part in the intentions and behaviour of individuals; however, inciting moral concerns in interventions may not be an effective method in eliciting behaviour change.
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Conceição, Eva, Flávia Teixeira, Tânia Rodrigues, Marta De Lourdes, Ana Pinto Bastos, Ana Vaz, and Sofia Ramalho. "Comportamentos Alimentares Problemáticos após Cirurgia Bariátrica: Um Estudo com Amostra Nacional Portuguesa." Acta Médica Portuguesa 31, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.9237.
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Introduction: Bariatric surgery is the most effective method for the treatment of morbid obesity. However, the development of eating psychopathology and the emergence of problematic eating behaviours have been reported in the literature. The aim of this crosssectional study was to characterize the post-bariatric population in terms of the frequency of problematic eating behaviours over time and to understand the related psychological features.Material and Methods: This sample was composed of 155 bariatric patients that responded to several self-reported instruments assessing eating psychopathology, problematic eating behaviours, anxiety, depression and stress and impulsive behaviour.Results: Results showed that grazing, binge eating, concerns about body weight and shape, and negative urgency are significantly more frequent at 24 months after bariatric surgery (when compared to earlier postoperative assessments). Correlational analyses showed that eating psychopathology and problematic eating behaviours were significantly and positively associated with levels of anxiety, depression, stress and negative urgency. This study also reinforces the mediating role of negative urgency in the relationship between time elapsed since surgery and psychological distress, and problematic eating behaviours, accounting for a total of 32.3% and 27.2% of its variance, respectively.Discussion: The results suggest a growing trend of problematic eating behaviours and levels of impulsivity being reported by bariatric patients over time.Conclusion: Given the established evidence that supports its impact on weight variability, early identification of problematic eating behaviours and of patients with a tendency to act impulsively in situations of negative emotionality should be a central concern in the follow-up of the bariatric population.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues, Jean-Philippe Chaput, and Hayley A. Hamilton. "Associations between the use of social networking sites and unhealthy eating behaviours and excess body weight in adolescents." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 11 (September 24, 2015): 1941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003566.
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AbstractUnhealthy eating behaviour and excess body weight have been related to sedentary behaviour, particularly screen time, in adolescents; however, little is known about their associations with the use of social networking sites (SNS). We investigated the associations between time spent using SNS and unhealthy eating behaviours (including breakfast skipping, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and energy drinks) and body weight in adolescents. Data on 9858 students (mean age: 15·2 (sd 1·9) years) in grades 7 through 12 were derived from the 2013 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey – a cross-sectional school-based survey of middle and high school students. The majority (81·5 %) of students reported daily use of SNS and an additional 10·7 % reported using them on an irregular basis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the use of SNS was associated with increased odds of skipping breakfast (Ptrend<0·01) and consuming SSB (Ptrend<0·01) and energy drinks (Ptrend<0·01) in a dose–response manner with adjustments for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use as well as BMI. However, there was no evidence of a significant association between use of SNS and BMI before or after adjusting for all the covariates and unhealthy eating behaviours. In conclusion, our results suggest associations between the use of SNS and unhealthy eating behaviours among youth. Given the popularity of SNS, more efforts are needed to better understand the impact of social networks on eating behaviours and risk of excess weight.
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Tani, Yukako, Manami Ochi, and Takeo Fujiwara. "Association of Nursery School-Level Promotion of Vegetable Eating with Caregiver-Reported Vegetable Consumption Behaviours among Preschool Children: A Multilevel Analysis of Japanese Children." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 2236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072236.
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Nursery schools can play an important role in children developing healthy eating behaviours, including vegetable consumption. However, the effect of school-level vegetable promotion on vegetable consumption and body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This study examined the associations of nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals with Japanese children’s vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. We used cross-sectional data collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 on 7402 children in classes of 3–5-year-olds in all 133 licensed nursery schools in Adachi, Tokyo, Japan. Caregivers were surveyed on their children’s eating behaviours (frequency of eating vegetables, willingness to eat vegetables and number of kinds of vegetables eaten), height and weight. Nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals was assessed using individual responses, with the percentage of caregivers reporting that their children ate vegetables first at meals as a proxy for the school-level penetration of the promotion of vegetable eating. Multilevel analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of school-level vegetable-eating promotion with vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. Children in schools that were 1 interquartile range higher on vegetable promotion ate vegetable dishes more often (β = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.004–0.07), and were more often willing to eat vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.28), as well as to eat more kinds of vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.19 times; 95% CI: 1.06–1.34). School-level vegetable-eating promotion was not associated with BMI. The school-level health strategy of eating vegetables first may be effective in increasing children’s vegetable intake but not in preventing being overweight.
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Mann, Davina, Lukar Thornton, David Crawford, and Kylie Ball. "Australian consumers’ views towards an environmentally sustainable eating pattern." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 14 (May 15, 2018): 2714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018001192.
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AbstractObjectiveThe present qualitative study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of participants’ attitudes, knowledge, perceived effectiveness (a person’s belief that his/her behaviour can contribute to environmental preservation) and behaviours relating to a sustainable eating pattern.DesignOne-to-one interviews (either face-to-face or by telephone) were conducted following a structured interview schedule, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis in NVivo 10.SettingVictorian (Australia) adult participants recruited via online advertisements, flyers on community advertisement boards and letterbox drops.SubjectsTwenty-four participants (mean age 40 years, range 19–69 years; thirteen female, eleven male) were interviewed.ResultsParticipants reported that environmental impact was not an important influence on their food choice. Participants displayed limited knowledge about a sustainable eating pattern, with most unaware of the environmental impact of food-related behaviours. Most participants believed sustainable eating would be only slightly beneficial to the environment. Participants reported undertaking limited sustainable food behaviours currently and were more willing to undertake a food behaviour if they perceived additional benefits, such as promoting health or supporting the local community.ConclusionsThe study suggests consumers need further information about a sustainable eating pattern and the environmental impact of food choice. The findings highlight some of the barriers that will need to be addressed when promoting this kind of eating pattern and that a range of interventions will be necessary.
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Abd El-Shaheed, Azza, Nermine N. Mahfouz, Rehab S. I. Moustafa, and Mona A. Elabd. "Alarming Eating Behaviours among Adolescents in Egypt." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 13 (July 18, 2019): 2189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.583.
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BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a phase of rapid growth and increased nutritional needs. It includes the stressful burden of pubertal changes, both physically and psychologically. Moreover, it is associated with the utmost need for independence and identity formation. An adolescent finds a great way to practice taking their own decisions by making personal food choices. But unfortunately, wrong dietary choices lead to unsatisfactory nutritional status.
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of six eating behaviours among adolescents.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on ninety Egyptian adolescents from 10 to 18 years old. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. The cases were forty-five children with body mass index ≥ 85th percentile. The control group involved forty-five of matched peers with body mass index ˂ 85th centile. A questionnaire form was constructed according to local customs in Egypt.
RESULTS: Two unhealthy behaviours were mostly found in our study group. The first and the predominant one was multitasking while eating practised by 92.1% of candidates and showing the equal distribution in both groups. The second was skipping breakfast and was adopted by 51.7% of the study group with a significantly higher distribution in the ˂ 85th centile group.
CONCLUSION: Faulty eating is a behaviour encountered in adolescence irrespective to BMI category. Thus, a normal BMI does not reflect healthy dietary behaviours.
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Muhammad, Rosmaliza, Wan Nur Diana Rajab aka Wan Ismail, Syauqina Firdus, Syahrul Bariah Abdul Hamid, Ummi Mohlisi Mohd Asmawi, and Norazmir Md Nor. "Intuitive Eating Behaviour among Young Malay Adults in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions." Nutrients 15, no. 4 (February 8, 2023): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040869.
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Despite the significance of dietary knowledge interventions, there is a lack of established studies on intuitive eating behaviour among young Malay adults in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the intuitive eating score, identify the intuitive eating factors, and determine the association of intuitive eating with weight-control behaviours and binge eating. A total of 367 respondents completed self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, namely the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2) and The Diabetes Eating Problems Survey (DEPS). The findings reported IES-2 mean scores of 3.52 ± 0.32 and 3.47 ± 0.35 for both men and women. No difference in total IES-2 scores was found between genders for Unconditional Permission to Eat (UPE) and Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cue (RHSC) subscales (p > 0.05). However, among all four subscales of IES-2, there was a gender difference in the mean EPR and B-FCC subscale scores (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in intuitive eating, which refers to a belief in one’s body’s ability to tell one how much to eat, in women across living areas (p < 0.05). The result shows that there is a relationship between weight-control behaviour and binge eating and dieting, with the coefficient of the relationship (R2) of 0.34. As a result, intuitive eating throughout young adulthood is likely to be related to a decreased prevalence of obesity, dieting, poor weight-management behaviours, and binge eating.
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Drutschinin, K., M. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, T. De Paoli, V. Lewis, and I. Krug. "The frequency, type and impact of appearance comparisons on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviours in women's daily lives." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.549.
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ObjectiveTo examine the impact of appearance comparison behaviours, trait body dissatisfaction and eating pathology on women's state body dissatisfaction and engagement in disordered eating behaviours in daily life.MethodUsing ecological sampling method (ESM), 116 women residing in Australia, completed a baseline questionnaire containing the trait-based measures, before being signalled by an iPhone app six times daily, for seven days, to self-report on their recent appearance comparison behaviours, current state body dissatisfaction and recent disordered eating behaviours.ResultsMulti-level modelling revealed that upward comparisons (comparisons against more attractive individuals) elicited increases in state body dissatisfaction (β = 0.89, P < .001) and disordered eating behaviours (β = 0.29, P = .002). Contrastingly, downward comparisons (comparisons against less attractive individuals) elicited decreases in state body dissatisfaction (β = –0.31, P = .048) and, unexpectedly, increases in disordered eating behaviours (β = 0.46, P < .01). The frequency of appearance comparison engagement, regardless of whether it was upward or downward comparisons, was also predictive of increased disordered eating behaviours (β = 0.12, P < .001). In addition, eating pathology and trait body dissatisfaction were directly associated with higher state body dissatisfaction, and increased in disordered eating behaviours (all P < .001).ConclusionThese findings highlight the general negative impact that appearance comparisons have on fluctuating states of body dissatisfaction and eating pathology, as well as illustrating how trait characteristics partially account for this volatility. These findings provide further information that may be used to inform eating disorder prevention and intervention efforts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Edney, Sarah Martine, Su Hyun Park, Linda Tan, Xin Hui Chua, Borame Sue Lee Dickens, Salome A. Rebello, Nick Petrunoff, et al. "Advancing understanding of dietary and movement behaviours in an Asian population through real-time monitoring: Protocol of the Continuous Observations of Behavioural Risk Factors in Asia study (COBRA)." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762211105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221110534.
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Background Modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases, including eating an unhealthy diet and being physically inactive, are influenced by complex and dynamic interactions between people and their social and physical environment. Therefore, understanding patterns and determinants of these risk factors as they occur in real life is essential to enable the design of precision public health interventions. Objective This paper describes the protocol for the Continuous Observations of Behavioural Risk Factors in Asia study (COBRA). The study uses real-time data capture methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of eating and movement behaviours, including how these differ by socio-demographic characteristics and are shaped by people's interaction with their social and physical environment. Methods COBRA is an observational study in free-living conditions. We will recruit 1500 adults aged 21–69 years from a large prospective cohort study. Real-time data capture methods will be used for nine consecutive days: an ecological momentary assessment app with a global positioning system enabled to collect location data, accelerometers to measure movement, and wearable sensors to monitor blood glucose levels. Participants receive six EMA surveys per day between 8 a.m. and 9.30 p.m. to capture information on behavioural risk factors including eating behaviours and diet composition movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep), and related contextual factors. The second wave of ecological momentary assessment surveys with a global positioning system enabled will be sent 6 months later. Data will be analysed using generalised linear models to examine associations between behavioural risk factors and contextual determinants. Discussion Findings from this study will advance our understanding of dietary and movement behaviours as they occur in real-life and inform the development of personalised interventions to prevent chronic diseases.
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Amin, Reena, Clara Strauss, and Glenn Waller. "Body-Related Behaviours and Cognitions in the Eating Disorders." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 42, no. 1 (November 9, 2012): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465812000914.
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Background: Different body-related behaviours and cognitions (checking, avoidance, comparison, display) have been shown to be related to unhealthy eating attitudes in a non-clinical sample. Aims: This study tested whether the use of body-related behaviours is higher in eating-disordered women than in non-clinical women. It also examined whether the use of body-related behaviours is associated with psychological characteristics (particularly anxiety, depression and narcissistic characteristics), controlling for age and eating pathology. Method: Ninety-nine adult women with diagnosed eating disorders (mean age = 30.4 years, SD = 9.44; mean body mass index = 21.9, SD = 6.39) completed standardized measures of eating pathology, anxiety and depression, narcissistic characteristics, and body-related behaviours and cognitions. Results: The Body-Related Behaviours Scale (BRBS) had acceptable levels of internal consistency in this group, and its scales were only weakly to moderately correlated with each other. There were no differences between diagnostic groups, but the clinical group had higher scores that a previous non-clinical sample on three of the scales. The four body-related behaviours had different patterns of association with eating pathology, depression and narcissistic features. However, anxiety was not associated with BRBS scores. Conclusions: The findings support the importance of a wide range of body-related behaviours and cognitions in understanding the eating disorders. However, the lack of an association with anxiety is counter to the suggestion that the various behaviours measured by the BRBS reflect safety behaviours on the part of sufferers. Depression and narcissistic features might be more important in maintaining such behaviours.
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Modrzejewska, Justyna, Adriana Modrzejewska, Kamila Czepczor-Bernat, and Paweł Matusik. "The role of body mass index, healthy eating-related apps and educational activities on eating motives and behaviours among women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross sectional study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 28, 2022): e0266016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266016.
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The COVID-19 related lockdown made it much more difficult for people to control their eating behaviours and body weight with the methods and means they had used before. This is reflected in reports that show that eating behaviours deteriorated significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (including in Poland). Therefore, it is important to determine what factors may be conducive to healthy eating behaviours among people with different BMI. As previous studies show, the use of healthy eating related-apps and training programs may be a protective factor against the development of unhealthy eating behaviours. Therefore, it is worth checking whether their action will be a protective factor during COVID-19. The aim of this cross sectional study was to analyse whether the current use of healthy eating-related apps and previous participation in training in this field (educational activities) as well as body mass index may play a role in eating motives and behaviours among women during COVID-19. Our final sample included 1,447 women (age: M = 31.34 ± 11.05). Participants completed: the Eating Motivation Survey, the Emotional Overeating Questionnaire, the Mindful Eating Questionnaire, socio-demographic survey and questions about healthy eating-related apps and training (educational activities). Referring to the selected significant results, our study shows that during COVID-19, the use of healthy eating-related apps alone, as well as the use of apps and prior training participation promote healthy eating motives and behaviours. It suggests that promoting the use of healthy eating applications and the acquisition of knowledge and skills in this field could be one way of shaping resources that can be effectively used to deal with crisis situations.
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Lindsay, Ana Cristina, Mary L. Greaney, Sherrie F. Wallington, and Julie A. Wright. "Easier said than done: a qualitative study conducted in the USA exploring Latino family child care home providers as role models for healthy eating and physical activity behaviours." BMJ Open 7, no. 11 (November 2017): e018219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018219.
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ObjectiveLatinos are the largest and most rapidly growing minority population group in the USA and are disproportionally affected by obesity and related chronic diseases. Child care providers likely influence the eating and physical activity behaviours of children in their care, and therefore are important targets for interventions designed to prevent childhood obesity. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of research examining the behaviours of family child care home (FCCH) providers and whether they model healthy eating and physical activity behaviours. Therefore, this study explored Latino FCCH providers’ beliefs and practices related to healthy eating, physical activity and sedentary behaviours, and how they view their ability to serve as role models for these behaviours for young children in their care.MethodsThis is a qualitative study consisting of six focus groups conducted in Spanish with a sample of 44 state-licensed Latino FCCH providers in the state of Massachusetts. Translated transcripts were analysed using thematic analyses to identify meaningful patterns.ResultsAnalyses revealed that Latino FCCH providers have positive beliefs and attitudes about the importance of healthy eating and physical activity for children in their care, but personally struggle with these same behaviours and with maintaining a healthy weight status. The ability of Latino FCCH providers to model healthy eating and physical activity may be limited by their low self-efficacy in their ability to be physically active, eat a healthy diet and maintain a healthy weight.ConclusionsInterventions designed to improve healthy eating and physical activity behaviours of children enrolled in FCCHs should address providers’ own health behaviours as well as their modelling of these health behaviours. Future research can build on the findings of this qualitative study by quantifying Latino FCCH providers’ eating and physical activity behaviours, and determining how these behaviours influence behaviours and health outcomes of children in their care.
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Gąska, Izabela, Katarzyna Sygit, Elżbieta Cipora, Marian Sygit, Anna Pacian, Maryna Surmach, Dorota Kaleta, and Adam Rzeźnicki. "Assessment of the Health Behaviours and Value-Based Health Analysis of People Aged 50+ Who Were Hospitalized Due to Cardiovascular Disease." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084221.
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Introduction: The basic determinant of healthy behaviour—among other human behaviours—is the fact that it consistently affects health. Nowadays, health behaviour studies are considered to be an important method of measuring the health of a population. Objective: To assess the health behaviours and value-based health analysis of people aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease, depending on the selected descriptive variables. Materials and methods: The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2018 among 411 subjects aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease at the Independent Public Health Care Unit in Sanok (Podkarpackie voivodship in Poland). The method used in the study was a diagnostic survey. The study used the authors’ survey questionnaire and two standardized tests: Inventory of Health-Related Behaviour (IHB) and List of Health Criteria (LHC). A statistical analysis was carried out in the R program, version 3.5.1. The obtained results were subjected to thorough statistical analysis using the following tests: Student’s t, Mann–Whitney U, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD), Pearson, and Spearman. Results: The strongest correlation between health status and health behaviours (according to the IHB questionnaire) was in the area of ‘health practices’, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. Based on the LHC questionnaire, the most important health criteria according to the subjects were ‘not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. A positive correlation was found in the group of respondents where the ‘preventive health behaviours’ were more intense; herein, the more important criterion for the respondents was ‘eating properly’. Conclusions: Respondents aged 50+ and hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases indicated (based on the IHB questionnaire) that health behaviours in the area of ‘health practices’ had the strongest correlation with their health, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. According to the respondents, the most important criteria determining health (according to the LHC questionnaire) included ’not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. Based on the information collected from the respondents, it was found that the most important criteria determining health depended on selected descriptive variables, such as age, gender, place of residence, education, and marital status.
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Wade, Kaitlin H., Laura Clifford, Andrew J. Simpkin, Rhona Beynon, Laura Birch, Kate Northstone, Sarah Matthews, George Davey Smith, Julian Hamilton-Shield, and Nicholas J. Timpson. "Piloting the objective measurement of eating behaviour at a population scale: a nested study within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children." Wellcome Open Research 5 (August 4, 2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16091.1.
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Background: Effective measurement and adaption of eating behaviours, such as eating speed, may improve weight loss and weight over time. We assessed whether the Mandometer, a portable weighing scale connected to a computer that generates a graph of food removal rate from the plate to which it is connected, together with photo-imaging of food, might prove an effective approach to measuring eating behaviours at large scale. Methods: We deployed the Mandometer in the home environment to measure main meals over three days of 95 21-year-old participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We used multi-level models to describe food weight and eating speed and, as exemplar analyses, examined the relationship of eating behaviours with body mass index (BMI), dietary composition (fat content) and genotypic variation (the FTO rs9939609 variant). Using this pilot data, we calculated the sample size required to detect differences in food weight and eating speed between groups of an exposure variable. Results: All participants were able to use the Mandometer effectively after brief training. In exemplar analyses, evidence suggested that obese participants consumed more food than those of "normal" weight (i.e., BMI 19 to <25 kg/m2) and that A/A FTO homozygotes (an indicator of higher weight) ate at a faster rate compared to T/T homozygotes. There was also some evidence that those with a high-fat diet consumed less food than those with a low-fat diet, but no strong evidence that individuals with medium- or high-fat diets ate at a faster rate. Conclusions: We demonstrated the potential for assessing eating behaviour in a short-term home setting and combining this with information in a research setting. This study may offer the opportunity to design interventions tailored for at-risk eating behaviours, offering advantages over the “one size fits all” approach of current failing obesity interventions.