Journal articles: 'Eastern grey kangaroo – Ecology – Sydney'

1

Power, Michelle L., Nicholas C. Sangster, Martin B. Slade, and Duncan A. Veal. "Patterns of Cryptosporidium Oocyst Shedding by Eastern Grey Kangaroos Inhabiting an Australian Watershed." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 10 (October 2005): 6159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.6159-6164.2005.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in feces from a population of wild eastern grey kangaroos inhabiting a protected watershed in Sydney, Australia, was investigated. Over a 2-year period, Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 239 of the 3,557 (6.7%) eastern grey kangaroo fecal samples tested by using a combined immunomagnetic separation and flow cytometric technique. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in this host population was estimated to range from 0.32% to 28.5%, with peaks occurring during the autumn months. Oocyst shedding intensity ranged from below 20 oocysts/g feces to 2.0 × 106 oocysts/g feces, and shedding did not appear to be associated with diarrhea. Although morphologically similar to the human-infective Cryptosporidium hominis and the Cryptosporidium parvum “bovine” genotype oocysts, the oocysts isolated from kangaroo feces were identified as the Cryptosporidium “marsupial” genotype I or “marsupial” genotype II. Kangaroos are the predominant large mammal inhabiting Australian watersheds and are potentially a significant source of Cryptosporidium contamination of drinking water reservoirs. However, this host population was predominantly shedding the marsupial-derived genotypes, which to date have been identified only in marsupial host species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Balland, Jeff, Catherine A. Herbert, Justin A. Welbergen, and John M. Martin. "Habitat selection in a peri-urban area by a large mammal indicates a low potential for human–wildlife conflict." Wildlife Research 47, no. 5 (2020): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19234.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract ContextIn Australia, various species of macropods (family Macropodidae) are known to occur within peri-urban areas, where they can be a source of human–wildlife conflict. Some species, such as the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), have received considerable research attention over the past few years following demands from land managers for evidence-based management guidelines; however, the ecology of other macropod species found in peri-urban areas, such as the eastern wallaroo (Osphranter robustus robustus), remains poorly understood. AimsThe aims were to determine the home range of male and female eastern wallaroos and assess habitat selection in order to define whether wallaroos in a peri-urban environment should be viewed as thriving (‘matrix-occupying’), persisting (‘matrix-sensitive’) or struggling (‘urban-sensitive’). MethodsHome range and habitat use of six adult male, five adult female and one subadult male eastern wallaroo were investigated using GPS telemetry between October 2017 and May 2018 in the south-west of Sydney. Key resultsHome ranges (mean±s.e.) of males (63.1±10.2ha) were significantly larger than those of females (31.1±3.3ha). Every adult wallaroo had highly overlapping monthly home ranges, indicating strong site fidelity in all individuals. Eastern wallaroos selected habitats based on vegetation composition during the night and canopy cover during the day. Grassland and open native woodlands were preferred during foraging activities at night. By contrast, human-modified habitats, including hard surfaces and lawns, were avoided at all times by all individuals. ConclusionThe results indicate that eastern wallaroos avoid human-modified features in the landscape, so they could be viewed as persisting (‘matrix-sensitive’) in peri-urban areas. ImplicationsCompared with matrix-occupying macropods, such as the eastern grey kangaroo, the eastern wallaroo is less likely to cause human–wildlife conflicts – a result of its avoidance of human-modified habitat. Land-use planning, involving green corridors linking remnant vegetation, should be implemented as part of urban planning to enable the persistence of diverse mammal populations in urban areas, particularly matrix-sensitive species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

MAHONY, MICHAEL J., TRENT PENMAN, TERRY BERTOZZI, FRANK LEMCKERT, ROHAN BILNEY, and STEPHEN C. DONNELLAN. "Taxonomic revision of south-eastern Australian giant burrowing frogs (Anura: Limnodynastidae: Heleioporus Gray)." Zootaxa 5016, no. 4 (August 9, 2021): 451–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5016.4.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The rarely encountered giant burrowing frog, Heleioporus australiacus, is distributed widely in a variety of sclerophyll forest habitats east of the Great Dividing Range in south-eastern Australia. Analyses of variation in nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial ND4 gene and thousands of nuclear gene SNPs revealed the presence of two deeply divergent lineages. Multivariate morphological comparisons show the two lineages differ in body proportions with > 91% of individuals being correctly classified in DFA. The two lineages differ in the number and size of spots on the lateral surfaces and the degree by which the cloaca is surrounded by colour patches. The mating calls are significantly different in number of pulses in the note. The presence of a F2 hybrid in the area where the distribution of the two taxa come into closest proximity leads us to assign subspecies status to the lineages, as we have not been able to assess the extent of potential genetic introgression. In our sampling, the F2 hybrid sample sits within an otherwise unsampled gap of ~90km between the distributions of the two lineages. The nominate northern sub-species is restricted to the Sydney Basin bioregion, while the newly recognised southern subspecies occurs from south of the Kangaroo Valley in the mid-southern coast of New South Wales to near Walhalla in central Gippsland in Victoria. The habitat of the two subspecies is remarkably similar. Adults spend large portions of their lives on the forest floor where they forage and burrow in a variety of vegetation communities. The southern subspecies occurs most commonly in dry sclerophyll forests with an open understory in the south and in open forest and heath communities with a dense understory in the north of its distribution. The northern subspecies is also found in dry open forests and heaths in association with eroded sandstone landscapes in the Sydney Basin bioregion. Males of both taxa call from both constructed burrows and open positions on small streams, differing from the five Western Australian species of Heleioporus where males call only from constructed burrows. Using the IUCN Red List process, we found that the extent of occupancy and area of occupancy along with evidence of decline for both subspecies are consistent with the criteria for Endangered (A2(c)B2(a)(b)).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Brunton, Elizabeth A., Sanjeev K. Srivastava, and Scott Burnett. "Spatial ecology of an urban eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) population: local decline driven by kangaroo–vehicle collisions." Wildlife Research 45, no. 8 (2018): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18077.

Full text

Abstract:

Context As urban landscapes proliferate globally, the need for research into urban wildlife interactions is magnified. The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is a widespread species commonly involved in wildlife–vehicle collisions in urban areas in Australia. Despite the many urban kangaroo populations and associated conflicts with human activities, few studies have examined how eastern grey kangaroos interact with, and are affected by, the urban matrix. Aims The present study aimed to quantify kangaroo demography, movements, habitat utilisation and exposure to risks during a period of intensive urban development in a rapidly changing suburb located in a region undergoing high urban growth rates. Methods We utilised foot-based census surveys, global positioning system (GPS) collars, direct observations and reports of wildlife mortality between 2014 and 2016. Geographical information systems (GIS) were used to integrate GPS-tracking data with spatial layers, to quantify kangaroo movements and habitat utilisation. Key results The kangaroo population underwent a steep decline and kangaroo–vehicle collisions were the main source of mortality (73%) during the study period. Kangaroos were regularly exposed to the risk of injury, with roads intersecting many parts of their home range. Kangaroos showed positive habitat selection both for lawn and forest habitats and kangaroo movement and presence at the study site were influenced by high-quality forage and cover. Conclusions The present research has highlighted that despite areas of suitable habitat remaining, road-kill was a major contributor to localised kangaroo-population decline. We showed that habitat preferences of eastern grey kangaroos in this urban area were consistent with those in natural landscapes. Implications The present study is the first to implicate kangaroo–vehicle collisions as the major factor in population decline in kangaroos. These findings can be utilised to guide design and placement of kangaroo–vehicle collision mitigation and assist in planning of urban areas, particularly where kangaroo populations are in decline. Local extirpation of urban kangaroo populations would be greatly reduced by incorporating site-specific kangaroo habitat preferences and existing patterns of kangaroo habitat use in infrastructure planning. The study has contributed to our understanding of the effects of roads on urban wildlife in general and highlighted the importance of landscape permeability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Speare, Richard, and David Banks. "A Trichoepithelioma in a Wild Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 23, no. 3 (July 1987): 508–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-23.3.508.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hopwood, PR, and RM Butterfield. "The Locomotor Apparatus of the Crus and Pes of the Eastern Gray Kangaroo, Macropus-Giganteus." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 4 (1990): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900397.

Full text

Abstract:

The bones and muscles of the crus and pes of the grey kangaroo are described and illustrated. The hopping of grey kangaroos is also described. The morphology of the musculo-skeletal elements of the crus and pes, together with muscle weight distribution in the pelvic limb, are discussed in relation to hopping. Several errors in the literature on the kangaroo locomotor apparatus are identified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Barker, R. D., and G. Caughley. "Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 15, no. 1 (1992): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am92011.

Full text

Abstract:

The dominant species of large macropods in Victoria are the Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) and the Southern (= Western) Grey Kangaroo (M. fuliginosus). On the limited historic data available there is no indication that their ranges have changed since European settlement. The Red Kangaroo (M. rufus) was restricted to the northwest corner of the state, then as now. Moderate densities of Grey Kangaroos at settlement increased under forest clearing, probably peaking about the mid-nineteenth century. With intensification of farming and associated heavy hunting they declined again to establish by about the turn of the century the distribution of modera te density that we see today.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Wright, SM. "Observations of the behaviour of male eastern grey kangaroos when attacked by dingoes." Wildlife Research 20, no. 6 (1993): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930845.

Full text

Abstract:

Interactions between dingoes and male eastern grey kangaroos observed at Wallaby Creek (in northeastern New South Wales) are described. Other than simple flight, large male kangaroos can react to dingoes by defending themselves or fleeing to water. A male kangaroo defended himself during an encounter lasting over 60min. His actions included high-standing, kicking, thumping the tail, and hopping towards and watching the dingo. The encounter was made up of six intense bouts, during which the dingo was within 5m of the kangaroo. Most bouts involved the dingo circling and the kangaroo turning to face the dingo, with the kangaroo's degree of reaction depending on the distance to the dingo. The response of the kangaroo diminished during later bouts. A second kangaroo fled to water when pursued by a dingo and after swimming to shallow water lowered his body so only his head showed. The dingo remained on the bank watching for some time. Both encounters ended with the dingo leaving.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Cairns, S. C., G. W. Lollback, and N. Payne. "Design of aerial surveys for population estimation and the management of macropods in the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia." Wildlife Research 35, no. 4 (2008): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr07079.

Full text

Abstract:

As part of a kangaroo management program, eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and common wallaroos (M. robustus robustus) are harvested from three kangaroo management zones in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. To set sustainable harvest quotas, it is necessary to obtain reasonably accurate estimates of the sizes of the populations of these two species of macropod. Recently, this has been done on two occasions using helicopter line-transect surveys. For the most recent of these surveys, conducted in 2004, each management zone was subdivided into three strata of increasing kangaroo density and the surveys were designed in relation to this stratification using an automated survey design algorithm. The results of the surveys were that eastern grey kangaroo densities were estimated as 8.11 ± 1.81 km–2 in the Glen Innes zone, 10.23 ± 2.41 km–2 in the Armidale zone and 4.82 ± 0.87 km–2 in the Upper Hunter zone. Wallaroo densities for these three zones were 3.06 ± 0.73 km–2, 5.68 ± 3.45 km–2 and 4.40 ± 1.01 km–2 respectively. The wallaroo densities were determined by multiplying the initial estimated densities by a correction factor of 1.85. Across the three kangaroo management zones, eastern grey kangaroo densities did not change in any significant way between the two surveys. This was also the case for wallaroos in the Glen Innes and Armidale zones. Wallaroo density in the Upper Hunter zone, however, increased significantly between the two surveys. Over a decade before these surveys were conducted, a series of ground surveys using walked line-transect sampling were undertaken. The density estimates derived from the helicopter surveys proved to be broadly comparable to those derived from the ground surveys, suggesting that conducting helicopter line-transect surveys designed using the method deployed here is effective in producing population estimates for the purpose of kangaroo management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Jaremovic, Renata V., and David B. Croft. "Comparison of Techniques to Determine Eastern Grey Kangaroo Home Range." Journal of Wildlife Management 51, no. 4 (October 1987): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3801761.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Nave, Christopher D., Graeme Coulson, Aldo Poiani, Geoffrey Shaw, and Marilyn B. Renfree. "Fertility Control in the Eastern Grey Kangaroo Using Levonorgestrel Implants." Journal of Wildlife Management 66, no. 2 (April 2002): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3803180.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

McLeod, Steven R., Neal Finch, Glenn Wallace, and Anthony R. Pople. "Assessing the spatial and temporal organization of Red Kangaroo, Western Grey Kangaroo and Eastern Grey Kangaroo populations in eastern Australia using multivariate autoregressive state‐space models." Ecological Management & Restoration 22, S1 (November 2021): 106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emr.12488.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Simmonds, Michael J., Oguz K. Baskurt, Herbert J. Meiselman, Michael Pyne, Michael Kakanis, Ekua Brenu, James Keane, Rhys Christy, and Sonya M. Marshall-Gradisnik. "Haemorheology of the eastern grey kangaroo and the Tasmanian devil." Australian Journal of Zoology 59, no. 1 (2011): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo10083.

Full text

Abstract:

The blood of two Australian marsupials, the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) and the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), has been reported to have greater oxygen-carrying capacity (i.e. haemoglobin content) when compared with that of placental mammals. We investigated whether alterations of blood rheological properties are associated with the increased oxygen-carrying capacity of these marsupials. Eastern grey kangaroos (n = 6) and Tasmanian devils (n = 4) were anaesthetised for blood sampling; human blood (n = 6) was also sampled for comparison. Laboratory measurements included blood and plasma viscosity, red blood cell (RBC) deformability, RBC aggregation and the intrinsic tendency of RBC to aggregate, RBC surface charge and haematological parameters. Scanning electron micrographs of RBC from each species provided morphological information. High-shear blood viscosity at native haematocrit was highest for the Tasmanian devil. When haematocrit was adjusted to 0.4 L L–1, lower-shear blood viscosity was highest for the eastern grey kangaroo. RBC deformability was greatly reduced for the Tasmanian devil. Eastern grey kangaroo blood had the highest RBC aggregation, whereas Tasmanian devil RBC did not aggregate. The surface charge of RBC for marsupials was ~15% lower than that of humans. The dependence of oxygen-delivery effectiveness on haemoglobin concentration (i.e. oxygen content) and blood viscosity was quantitated by calculating the haematocrit to blood viscosity ratio and was 15–25% lower for marsupials compared with humans. Our results suggest that environmental pressures since the marsupial–monotreme divergence have influenced the development of vastly different strategies to maintain a match between oxygen demand and delivery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Le Gall-Payne, Camille, Graeme Coulson, and Marco Festa-Bianchet. "Supersize me: heavy eastern grey kangaroo mothers have more sons." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 69, no. 5 (March 11, 2015): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-015-1896-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Barker, R. D., and G. Caughley. "Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: South Australia." Australian Mammalogy 17, no. 1 (1994): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am94008.

Full text

Abstract:

Historical records, and the names of animals within Aboriginal languages, were analysed to compare the distribution and density of kangaroos at European contact with those of today. We gave up this attempt for the Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, presently restricted to the extreme south-east of the state, because it was never differentiated historically from the Southern Grey Kangaroo, M. fuliginosus, which occurs right across the southern portion of the state. The historical distribution of the latter species, and of the Red Kangaroo, M. rufus, seems to have been similar to their distribution today. Past densities are difficult to extract from historical records and are not sufficiently reliable to justify comparison with present densities. We note however an apparent increase in density of 'kangaroos' in the mid-1800s.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Coulson, GM, and JA Raines. "Methods for Small-Scale Surveys of Grey Kangaroo Populations." Wildlife Research 12, no. 2 (1985): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850119.

Full text

Abstract:

Small-scale survey methods which have previously been applied to grey kangaroos were evaluated on a population of known size. The total population size of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, on Rotamah Island in the Gippsland Lakes of Victoria was determined by a drive count. Two types of small-scale survey methods were evaluated against this total: line transect counts and faecal pellet counts. The line transect estimates were not significantly different from the known population size, and grey kangaroos appear to meet the critical conditions of the models. Counts of individual faecal pellets gave an acceptable estimate of population density, whereas counts based on pellet groups had significant positive bias.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Bender, Helena. "Effectiveness of the eastern grey kangaroo foot thump for deterring conspecifics." Wildlife Research 32, no. 7 (2005): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04091.

Full text

Abstract:

Overabundant wild populations of herbivores often present challenges to primary industry, competing with stock, and damaging crops and property. Eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) are one of seven macropodid species that are considered a problem in agriculture in Australia. Most deterrent devices available commercially use sounds that do not occur in nature (i.e. artificial sounds), which often have a short-lived or no effect on the target species, whereas trials with biologically significant sounds are often more effective and provide greater resistance to habituation. I used a playback trial of an eastern grey kangaroo foot thump, a biologically significant signal that is given in response to a predator and is usually followed by flight. I determined its effectiveness compared with a recording of background noise (control) for deterring kangaroos over a seven-week period. Kangaroos significantly increased their vigilance levels in response to the foot thump, but not in response to the control signal. Just over 60% of kangaroos took flight in response to the foot thump and the control signals, but more kangaroos took flight in the first 3 s when the foot thump was played. The foot thump shows potential as a deterrent of eastern grey kangaroos for primary industry, and is less likely to suffer from habituation because it is a natural sound.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Freudenberger, D., and RB Hacker. "The Effect of Temporary Closure of Watering Points on Grazing Intensity of Red and Grey Kangaroos With Related Observations on Feral Goats." Rangeland Journal 19, no. 2 (1997): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9970157.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study we examined the utility of manipulating artificial waters as a means of managing total grazing pressure in semi-arid rangelands of eastern Australia. We tested the efficacy of 'Finlayson trough' exclosure technology at three locations, over two summers, in paddocks with red kangaroos (Macropus rufirs) and two species of grey kangaroo (M. giganteus and M. fuliginosus). We also examined the effect of closing off five waters on the distribution of feral goat grazing intensity at one study site. Generally, there were no apparent reductions in kangaroo and goat grazing intensity following 6-10 weeks of water exclosure, the exception being a minor reduction in red kangaroo grazing intensity at one location. We concluded that kangaroo and goat grazing pressure cannot be substantially reduced by simply closing off waters in and near paddocks for several months. Key words: kangaroos, water exclosure. feral goats, grazing pressure, paddock spelling

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Ritchie, EG. "An extension to the known range of the eastern grey kangaroo Macropus giganteus on Cape York Peninsula." Australian Mammalogy 27, no. 2 (2005): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am05225.

Full text

Abstract:

THE eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is one of Australia?s widest-ranging large macropodids, occurring in open forests, woodlands, subalpine woodland, farmland, and semi-arid regions throughout most of eastern Australia (Menkhorst and Knight 2001). However current general accounts (e.g., Poole 1995, Menkhorst and Knight 2001) regard M. giganteus as being absent from the northern Cape York Peninsula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Baker, MWD, and DB Croft. "Vocal Communication Between the Mother and Young of the Eastern Gray Kangaroo, Macropus-Giganteus, and the Red Kangaroo, M-Rufus (Marsupialia, Macropodidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 41, no. 3 (1993): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9930257.

Full text

Abstract:

The structure, development and function of the isolation call produced by the young of the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, and the red kangaroo, M. rufus were compared. A total of 416 isolation calls from 26 eastern grey kangaroos and 272 isolation calls from 14 red kangaroos in four age classes during pouch life were analysed sonagraphically. Twenty structural parameters were measured from each call. Results showed that the isolation call identifies the caller as a dependent young and potentially transmits a variety of other information including the species of kangaroo, the caller's sex, degree of arousal, individual identity, age and location. The main information processed by the young's mother is likely to be that the young is calling and its location. However, the locational qualities of the call decline as the young becomes more independent, presumably to counteract location by predators. The young of both species produced individually distinct isolation calls but mother-young recognition by auditory cues alone seems unlikely. Habitat differences may have led to divergence in the call structure of the two species. The factors that affect the evolution of this type of call structure are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Lucas, Zohara, Stephanie Pulsford, Claire Wimpenny, and Melissa Snape. "Seasonal breeding of the Eastern Grey Kangaroo provides opportunities for improved animal welfare in kangaroo management." Ecological Management & Restoration 22, S1 (November 2021): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emr.12462.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Brandimarti, Maquel E., Rachael Gray, Fabiola R. O. Silva, and Catherine A. Herbert. "Kangaroos at maximum capacity: health assessment of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos on a coastal headland." Journal of Mammalogy 102, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 837–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab022.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Sprawling urban development is fragmenting the landscape and native wildlife habitats on the Australian east coast. The impact of this rapid urbanization on wildlife health is largely unknown. This study surveyed the health of a high-density (5.4 individuals per ha) population of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) affected by urban encroachment and prolonged drought. Blood parameters (hematological and serum protein), trace element and heavy metal concentrations, and parasite counts (fecal worm egg counts, ticks, and mites) are reported for a sample of ≤ 54 kangaroos at Look at Me Now Headland, New South Wales, Australia. These parameters were compared to lower density kangaroo populations from other sites in New South Wales. We found the health and welfare of this population to be severely compromised, with nonregenerative anemia and nutritional deficiencies evident. Our results indicate that high-density kangaroo populations isolated by urban encroachment are at significant health risk. To prevent further decline in this population’s health, we discuss management strategies that could be employed, concurrent with ongoing health and disease monitoring, to mitigate the poor health outcomes in this population. We conclude that it is essential to retain habitat connectivity when altering land use in areas with resident kangaroo populations if managers are to maintain healthy populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Perry, RJ, and ML Braysher. "A Technique for Estimating the Numbers of Eastern Gray Kangaroos, Macropus-Giganteus, Grazing a Given Area of Pasture." Wildlife Research 13, no. 3 (1986): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9860335.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper outlines a technique for estimating, by means of faecal pellet counts, the absolute number of eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, grazing on a given area in the A.C.T. Absolute numbers were obtained by comparing relative density of pellets on the area to be assessed, with pellet density in the grey kangaroo enclosure at Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve, which has a known area and a known kangaroo population. The decay rate of pellets in three different areas did not vary significantly. The average number of pellets per pellet group was similar in all three areas, but during drought kangaroos tended to drop fewer pellets per group. However, the potential error caused by this can be avoided if the control and test areas are assessed at the same time. The problem of defining a group is eliminated by counting individual pellets rather than groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Bender, H. "Structure and function of the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) foot thump." Journal of Zoology 268, no. 4 (April 2006): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2005.00038.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Purcell, Brad V. "A novel observation of dingoes (Canis lupus dingo) attacking a swimming eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)." Australian Mammalogy 32, no. 2 (2010): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10001.

Full text

Abstract:

The dingo (Canis lupus dingo) is a keystone species in Australian ecosystems. The current study reports four dingoes observed attacking a swimming eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) in the Wollondilly River, New South Wales. It is proposed that kangaroos need to stand at a certain depth of water to escape an attack by dingoes. If dingoes can continue attacking from opposing directions without threat of injury from the kangaroo, such as in shallow water where dingoes can stand or deep water where kangaroos cannot stand, then the attack may continue until the predator(s) kill the prey or the prey escapes. Further research on such behaviours is needed to understand the functional role of dingoes and the importance of pack structure in development of hunting strategies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Augusteyn, Robert C., Graeme Coulson, and Kerry A. Landman. "Determining kangaroo age from lens protein content." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 5 (2003): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo02015.

Full text

Abstract:

Kangaroos can be aged by external morphometrics only when young (pre-weaning). Indices of molar progression are used to estimate the age of older kangaroos, but that method rests on a number of tenuous assumptions. This study explored the use of the eye lens as an alternative method for determining age. Body mass, foot size, arm length and wet mass of the lens were measured in 40 red (Macropus rufus), 476 western grey (M. fuliginosus) and 57 eastern grey (M. giganteus) kangaroos, ranging in age from 3 days to ~20 years. Total protein contents were determined for 556 lenses from these animals. Body mass and limb dimensions increase with age, at different rates for males and females, but the wet mass and protein content of lenses are independent of sex. Furthermore, the lens data approach their asymptote later than any of the other measurements, making them more reliable for aging older animals. The relationship between total protein contents (in milligrams) and age (in years estimated from molar index) can be described with a single equation for all three species over the whole age range from newborn to adult.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Colagross, AML, and A. Cockburn. "Vigilance and Grouping in the Eastern Gray Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus." Australian Journal of Zoology 41, no. 4 (1993): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9930325.

Full text

Abstract:

Group formation may help animals reduce their risk of predation and allow more time for activities other than vigilance against predators. Eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, are gregarious and form open-membership groups. Vigilance behaviour of free-ranging kangaroos was observed in relation-to number of individuals within the group, sex and reproductive status of individuals, proximity to cover and position within the group. Our data support the view that kangaroos adjust their behaviour in relation to the risk of predation. Reproductive females, individuals on the periphery of the group and individuals in groups far from cover were most vigilant. Contrary to previous reports, vigilance behaviour was not influenced by group size except through the edge effect-the tendency of the proportion of individuals on the periphery of the group to decline as group size increases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Mcalpine, CA, GC Grigg, JJ Mott, and P. Sharma. "Influence of Landscape Structure on Kangaroo Abundance in a Disturbed Semi-Arid Woodland of Queensland." Rangeland Journal 21, no. 1 (1999): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9990104.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper develops a hierarchical landscape approach for investigating how landscape structure influences the abundance of eastern grey kangaroos, red kangaroos and common wallaroos on properties in a partially cleared semi-arid woodland of Queensland. This approach is applied to examine the extent to which a mosaic of spatial factors at a hierarchy of scales influences kangaroo abundance at the property level. the level of management interest. The analysis concludes that the structure of the property habitat mosaic, coupled with pasture productivity, is the most important influence for each species. Access to water was not a limiting factor. although it may be important locally. Grey kangaroos prefer an even mosaic of all habitat types on properties with productive grass-dominated pastures. Red kangaroos are positively associated with run-on areas and large-shrub regrowth patches. reflecting their foraging preferences for forbs and short grasses and their ability to use more open habitats. Wallaroos have a clumped density distribution associated with a heterogeneous mosaic of open habitats interspersed with fragmented forest patches and small to medium-grained shrub-regrowth patches. The research. \+bile not replicated. identifies linkages between tree clearing practices at the property level and increased large kangaroo abundance in the region, These linkages have been previously overlooked in thc kangaroo Inanagement debare. Therefore. any tree clearing guidelines dt.\eloped at the propert) level need to be sensitive to key ecological processes influencing kangaroo populations at both the landscape and property levels. If not, the sustainable management of total grazing pressure (livestock plus kangaroos) and biodiversity conservation will never become a reality. Key words: kangaroos, landscape structure, landscape change, pattern, process, scale

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Jarman, PJ, and SM Wright. "Macropod studies at Wallaby Creek. IX Exposure and responses of eastern grey kangaroos to dingoes." Wildlife Research 20, no. 6 (1993): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930833.

Full text

Abstract:

Kangaroos at Wallaby Creek lived with the persistent presence of dingoes in the valley, there being no place, time of year or of day when kangaroos could be free of risk. An adult kangaroo might encounter dingoes a few hundred times in its life. Dingoes appeared not to be selective for the sizes of groups of kangaroos that they contacted. Large adult males and females with medium pouch young were overrepresented in the samples of kangaroos contacted by dingoes. No kangaroos ignored the detected presence of dingoes; all became alert, and most fled. The distances at which they became alert to a dingo group depended upon the kangaroo group's size, larger groups never being surprised by dingoes at short range as were some smaller groups. On average larger groups fled when the dingoes were further away. Among classes of kangaroos, large adult males fled least far, and tended to react to dingoes less strongly (in terms of alertness or flight) than other classes. They also exhibited two forms of defence, taking to water when pursued and warding off attack, that other classes did not show.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Clancy, T. F., A. R. Pople, and L. A. Gibson. "Comparison of Helicopter Line Transects with Walked Line Transects for Estimating Densities of Kangaroos." Wildlife Research 24, no. 4 (1997): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr96103.

Full text

Abstract:

The performance of helicopter surveys for estimating population densities of red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and common wallaroos (Macropus robustus) was investigated by comparing line-transect density estimates obtained from helicopter surveys with those from ground (walked) surveys. Comparisons were made at four sites in central western Queensland (areas with high densities of red kangaroos and common wallaroos) that were surveyed during winter and summer from December 1991 until February 1995, and one site in south-eastern Queensland (an area of high eastern grey kangaroo density) surveyed annually during autumn from March 1991 until March 1994. Helicopter surveys generally recorded lower sample sizes than did ground surveys (means ± s.e = 34 ± 6%, 33 ± 9% and 76 ± 2% lower for red kangaroos, eastern grey kangaroos and wallaroos, respectively). Density estimates obtained from the helicopter surveys were not significantly different from those obtained from ground surveys for both red and eastern grey kangaroos as assessed by repeated-measures ANOVA and regression analysis. However, helicopter surveys of common wallaroos consistently returned density estimates about half those of ground surveys. The relationships between the two methods did not differ between winter and summer for any species. The conventional aerial survey method for kangaroos of strip transects from fixed-wing aircraft has limited ability to adjust for varying sightability conditions. Therefore, helicopter surveys with line-transect sampling are an attractive alternative.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Wilson, Michelle, and Graeme Coulson. "Early warning signs of population irruptions in Eastern Grey Kangaroo ( Macropus giganteus )." Ecological Management & Restoration 22, S1 (November 2021): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emr.12450.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Zenger, K. R., and D. W. Cooper. "A set of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers developed for the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus )." Molecular Ecology Notes 1, no. 1-2 (March 2001): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8278.2001.00044.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Southwell, C. J., and P. J. Jarman. "Macropod studies at Wallaby Creek. 3. The effect of fire on pasture utilization by macropodids and cattle." Wildlife Research 14, no. 2 (1987): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9870117.

Full text

Abstract:

Utilisation of pasture in relation to time since burning occurred was assessed on a monthly basis for 16 months, for three species of macropodids and cattle. Utilisation by the eastern grey kangaroo, red-necked wallaby and cattle increased after burning, but the magnitude and particularly the timing of the responses differed between species. Burning did not affect utilisation by the whiptail wallaby. Differential preferences for and utilisation of regrowth pasture, and interference interactions between cattle and macropods, are suggested as possible reasons for the differing responses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Blaney, C. E., T. J. Dawson, H. C. K. McCarron, R. Buffenstein, and A. K. Krockenberger. "Water metabolism and renal function and structure in eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus): responses to water deprivation." Australian Journal of Zoology 48, no. 4 (2000): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00038.

Full text

Abstract:

The eastern grey kangaroo (M. giganteus) is usually found in mesic habitats but in the past 30–40 years it has expanded its range into arid rangelands. A suggested reason for this expansion has been the provision of additional water sites for domestic stock. In this study we examined aspects of kidney function and water metabolism of M. giganteus. This was done during normal hydration and water restriction so that the water-conserving abilities of M. giganteus could be compared with those of the red kangaroo (M. rufus), the habitat of which is arid rangelands and desert. The indices relative medullary thickness (RMT) and medullary to cortical ratio, derived from the morphology of the kidney, are indicators of renal concentrating ability. In M. giganteus both these indices were lower than in M. rufus: the RMT was 5.24 0.15 (mean s.e.) for M. giganteus and 6.00 0.10 for M. rufus. Measured maximal urine concentrations of these species were 2444 59 (M. giganteus) and 3135 165 mosmol kg–1 (M. rufus), with the respective maximum individual concentrations being 2752 and 4054 mosmol kg–1. Kidney function in hydrated and dehydrated M. giganteus was assessed via glomerular filtration rate, urine flow rate and concentration index. As measured by these parameters, M. giganteus had renal water-conserving capacities similar to, or superior to, those of many comparable-sized arid-zone-inhabiting placental mammals, but below those of M. rufus. Water metabolism, as measured by water turnover, showed a similar pattern.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Lee, E., U. Klöcker, DB Croft, and D. Ramp. "Kangaroo-vehicle collisions in Australia's sheep rangelands, during and following drought periods." Australian Mammalogy 26, no. 2 (2004): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am04215.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of roads on wildlife behaviour and ecological function are poorly known in arid Australia. The most obvious impact is roadkill from wildlife-vehicle collisions. Therefore we collected statistics on kangaroo-vehicle collisions, investigated the causal factors of these collisions, and related roadkill mortality to the population structure, size and distribution of four kangaroo species in two intensive six month studies during and following drought. The research was conducted along a 21.2 km sealed section of the Silver City Highway between Broken Hill and Tibooburra that passes through the University of New South Wales (NSW) Arid Zone Research Station at ‘Fowlers Gap’ in north-western NSW. The rate of roadkill was higher during drought (20.8 roadkills month-1) than non-drought (2.6 roadkills month-1). Affected species were red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), euros (Macropus robustus erubescens), western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). During drought, M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus were killed in lower proportions than their proportion in the source population, otherwise species were killed in proportion to their density along the road. There were no sex biases but male M. r. erubescens were much more likely to be beside the road than females and thus were killed more often during drought. The majority of roadkills were young individuals around 2 years old. Curves and stockraces along the road significantly increased the likelihood of roadkills. Likewise the frequency of roadkills was a function of the kangaroo population density along the road, night time traffic volume, low rainfall and higher vegetation cover and greenness along the road relative to surrounding areas. We evaluate the relationships between these causal factors and kangaroovehicle collisions, and discuss the possible effects of these collisions on kangaroo population structure under drought and post-drought conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Coulson, G. "The Effect of Drought on Road Mortality of Macropods." Wildlife Research 16, no. 1 (1989): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9890079.

Full text

Abstract:

Road-kills of eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, and swamp wallabies, Wallabia bicolor, were monitored during and after the severe 1981-83 drought in central Victoria, Australia. These were compared with a survey of the same area prior to the drought. The frequency of road-kills of both species during the drought was higher than pre-drought and post-drought levels, and over 9 years the seasonal frequency of kangaroo road-kills was inversely related to the rainfall of the previous season. Road-kills of kangaroos were predominantly males, and almost half were juveniles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Coulson, Graeme. "Male Bias in Road-kills of Macropods." Wildlife Research 24, no. 1 (1997): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr96004.

Full text

Abstract:

I determined the sex of a total of 251 road-kills of six macropod species in southern Australia over a 13-year period. There was a significant bias towards males in five species, ranging from 65 to 92% males, but there was no difference from parity in the red kangaroo, Macropus rufus. Male eastern grey kangaroos, M. giganteus, and male western grey kangaroos, M. fuliginosus, probably behave in ways that expose them to vehicles more than females. Male-biased road-kills of swamp wallabies, Wallabia bicolor, may reflect skewed population sex ratios. There are insufficient data on the behaviour and population structure of the red-necked wallaby, M. rufogriseus, and rufous-bellied pademelon, Thylogale billardierii, to determine which explanation is responsible for male-biased road mortality in these species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Pople, AR, SC Cairns, TF Clancy, GC Grigg, LA Beard, and CJ Southwell. "Comparison of Surveys of Kangaroos in Queensland Using Helicopters and Fixed-Wing Aircraft." Rangeland Journal 20, no. 1 (1998): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9980092.

Full text

Abstract:

Kangaroo harvest quotas for each Australian state have been set mainly as proportions of population estimates derived from aerial surveys. Estimating population size from strip transect counts using fixed- wing aircraft has become an established technique, but counts must be adjusted by correction factors to ensure population estimates are both accurate and repeatable. Surveys of kangaroos in Queensland are currently conducted with helicopters using line transect methodology, but cost restricts their use to relatively small survey blocks. Nevertheless, they return more accurate and repeatable estimates of kangaroo density than surveys with fixed-wing aircraft. A comparison of the above two techniques was made along the same transect lines in seven survey blocks (5000-10,000 km2) in southern and western Queensland, allowing an assessment of the comparative accuracy of the fixed-wing method. For red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), required correction factors of 0.7-3.1 were similar to those used previously. However, for eastern grey kangaroos (M. giganteus), substantially larger correction factors of 3.4-10.2 were needed to approach true density. For wallaroos (M. robustus), correction factors of 3.8-4.8 were required, but can be considered conservative because helicopter-derived density estimates are known to be underestimated by a factor of 2-3. Further work is needed to establish how correction factors for each species should be applied on a broader scale and whether they lead to repeatable estimates of kangaroo density. Key words: aerial survey, line transect, correction factors, strip transect, wallaroo.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Barker, R. D., and G. Caughley. "Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: Tasmania." Australian Mammalogy 13, no. 2 (1990): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am90016.

Full text

Abstract:

The Eastern Grey Kangaroo Macropus giganteus originally extended from the River Forth in the northwest to the east coast and south to North West Bay. It occurred on both sides of the Derwent River upstream beyond New Norfolk and into the central highlands along the Ouse and Shannon Rivers to the Great Lake, Lake Echo and Arthur's Lakes. Its highest density was probably in the coastal areas of the northeast and in the Norfolk Plains areas of the Macquarie and South Esk Rivers. Its present range comprises islands within that original range, augmented by a few populations established by translocation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Zemanova, Miriam A., and Daniel Ramp. "Genetic Structure and Gene Flow in Eastern Grey Kangaroos in an Isolated Conservation Reserve." Diversity 13, no. 11 (November 8, 2021): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13110570.

Full text

Abstract:

Dispersal is a key process for population persistence, particularly in fragmented landscapes. Connectivity between habitat fragments can be easily estimated by quantifying gene flow among subpopulations. However, the focus in ecological research has been on endangered species, typically excluding species that are not of current conservation concern. Consequently, our current understanding of the behaviour and persistence of many species is incomplete. A case in point is the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), an Australian herbivore that is subjected to considerable harvesting and population control efforts. In this study, we used non-invasive genetic sampling of eastern grey kangaroos within and outside of the Mourachan Conservation Property to assess functional connectivity. In total, we genotyped 232 samples collected from 17 locations at 20 microsatellite loci. The clustering algorithm indicated the presence of two clusters, with some overlap between the groups within and outside of the reserve. This genetic assessment should be repeated in 10–15 years to observe changes in population structure and gene flow over time, monitoring the potential impact of the planned exclusion fencing around the reserve.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Herbert, C. A., T. E. Trigg, and D. W. Cooper. "Fertility control in female eastern grey kangaroos using the GnRH agonist deslorelin. 1. Effects on reproduction." Wildlife Research 33, no. 1 (2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04113.

Full text

Abstract:

Eastern grey kangaroos are widespread on the east coast of Australia and frequently reach high densities in reserves and parkland near urban areas. Management of these populations is highly contentious and non-lethal fertility-control technologies are sought as an alternative option to manage population size. This study evaluated the potential of slow-release gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (deslorelin) implants to inhibit reproduction in female kangaroos. Deslorelin treatment effectively inhibited reproduction in adult females for periods of 559 ± 111 days (n = 6) and 651 ± 21 days (n = 5) after administration of one or two 10-mg implants respectively. Animals treated with the lower dosage tended to resume breeding earlier than those that received a total of 20 mg of deslorelin (minimum duration of 18 months). Deslorelin treatment had no effect on blastocyst reactivation in a single treated female and repeat treatment had no negative side-effects. This study has demonstrated that slow-release deslorelin implants can successfully inhibit reproduction for extended periods in the female eastern grey kangaroos. This approach may have potential application in reproductive management of problem kangaroo populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Brunton, E., A. Brunton, K. Hohwieler, S. Ogbourne, and G. Conroy. "Spatial genetic structure and gene flow of the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), in a rapidly urbanising landscape." Global Ecology and Conservation 38 (October 2022): e02273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02273.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

OLD, JULIE M., and ELIZABETH M. DEANE. "Histology and immunohistochemistry of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus." Journal of Anatomy 199, no. 6 (December 2001): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19960657.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

OLD, JULIE M., and ELIZABETH M. DEANE. "Histology and immunohistochemistry of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus." Journal of Anatomy 199, no. 6 (December 2001): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187820100872x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Barnes, A., and GJE Hill. "Estimating Kangaroo Damage to Winter Wheat Crops in the Bungunya District of Southern Queensland." Wildlife Research 19, no. 4 (1992): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9920417.

Full text

Abstract:

In Bungunya district, on the inland fringe of the winter wheat belt in SE Queensland, 2 approaches to estimate crop losses attributable to eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) were assessed during dry conditions. In 1986, an early-season survey established indices of kangaroo usage and crop damage within 250 m of paddock edges. The relationship between these data and final grain yield suggested a minimum reduction in yield associated with kangaroos of 8% for the district. In 1987, yields from exclusion and open plots were used to obtain a direct estimate of kangaroo-associated yield reductions. These indicated a difference in yield of between 10% and 17% for the study area, although not all of this may be associated with kangaroos. Results suggest significant crop losses attributable to kangaroos. However, because of the nature of the research and the assumptions relied upon, the findings provide a guide to the magnitude of losses rather than highly reliable estimate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hill, GJE, A. Barnes, and GR Wilson. "The Use of Wheat Crops by Grey Kangaroos, Macropus-Giganteus, in Southern Queensland." Wildlife Research 15, no. 2 (1988): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880111.

Full text

Abstract:

Aerial surveys of eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, were conducted over the western edge of the wheat belt of southern Queensland in two wet years (1983 and 1984) and one year of average rainfall (1985). Because most kangaroos moved rapidly off crops shortly after dawn and returned shortly before dusk, flights within 15 min of dawn and dusk provided the best indicators of kangaroo crop usage. Very low densities were observed on mature crops in all years and on immature crops in the two wetter years. In July 1985, which was drier, a density of 11 kangaroos km-2 was recorded on immature crops. This density was comparable with that for all uncultivated land in the surveyed area. Close to undeveloped land, densities of 14-17 kangaroos km-2 were observed on crops.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Osawa, R., and PF Woodall. "A Comparative-Study of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dimensions of the Intestine in 5 Macropods (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) .2. Relationship With Feeding-Habits and Fiber Content of the Diet." Australian Journal of Zoology 40, no. 1 (1992): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9920099.

Full text

Abstract:

A comparative study of macroscopic and microscopic dimensions of the intestines in five macropod species indicated that the grazing macropods (the red kangaroo, Macropus rufus, and the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus) had significantly longer caeca and large intestines than those of the browsing macropods (the swamp wallaby, Wallabia bicolor, and the red-necked pademelon, Thylogale thetis). This trend was not observed in the small intestine. The arid-adapted M. rufus also had a significantly longer large intestine than M. giganteus, which may be a water-conservation feature. Intestinal villi were tall in T. thetis, which consumed a less fibrous diet, whereas the agile wallaby, Macropus agilis, on a highly fibrous diet, had short villi; other macropods, on diets of medium fibre content, had villi of intermediate height. Thus, the size of the hindgut (i.e. caecum and large intestine) may provide an index of the specific feeding habit of a species (browsing or grazing), whilst parameters of the villi of the small intestine may reflect the quality of the animals' current diet.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Neaves, Linda E., Kyall R. Zenger, Robert I. T. Prince, and Mark D. B. Eldridge. "Paternally inherited genetic markers reveal new insights into genetic structuring within Macropus fuliginosus and hybridisation with sympatric Macropus giganteus." Australian Journal of Zoology 61, no. 1 (2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12087.

Full text

Abstract:

There are several aspects of biology in which the contribution of males and females is unequal. In these instances the examination of Y chromosome markers may be used to elucidate male-specific attributes. Here, male dispersal patterns and genetic structuring were examined using four Y-microsatellite loci in 186 male western grey kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus, from throughout the species’ trans-continental distribution. In addition, 52 male grey kangaroos were examined to investigate hybridisation between M. fuliginosus and the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, in their region of sympatry in eastern Australia. Detected Y chromosome diversity was low, resulting from low effective male population size due to skewed sex ratios and a polygynous mating system. As expected, male dispersal was high across the range. However, the Lake Torrens–Flinders Ranges region appears to have significantly restricted male movement between eastern and central/western Australia. There was little evidence to suggest that other barriers (Nullarbor Plain and Swan River Valley) previously identified by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA marker studies restrict male movement. Hence, the admixture events previously identified may be associated with high male dispersal. Within the region of sympatry between M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus in eastern Australia, four M. giganteus individuals were found to possess M. fuliginosus Y-haplotypes. These results confirm the occurrence of hybridisation between male M. fuliginosus and female M. giganteus. Additionally, the introgression of M. fuliginosus Y-haplotypes into M. giganteus populations indicates that at least some male hybrids are fertile, despite evidence to the contrary from captive studies. This study has provided insights into the male contribution to population history, structure and hybridisation in M. fuliginosus, which were not predicted by comparisons between biparentally and maternally inherited markers. This highlights the importance of direct examination of the Y chromosome to provide novel insights into male-mediated processes, especially where the contribution of the sexes may differ.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Osawa, R., and PF Woodall. "A comparative study of macroscopic and microscopic dimensions of the intensine in five macropods (Marsupialia: Macropodidae). I. Allometric relationships." Australian Journal of Zoology 40, no. 1 (1992): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9920091.

Full text

Abstract:

Macroscopic and microscopic dimensions of the intestines in five macropod species (the red kangaroo, Macropus rufus; the eastern grey kangaroo, M. giganteus; the agile wallaby, M. agilis; the swamp wallaby, Wallabia bicolor; and the red-necked pademelon, Thylogale thetis) were investigated allometrically in relation to body mass. In general, the length of the small intestine changed in an area : volume (A:V) compensating manner, but the circumference showed negative allometry such that the overall change in surface areas, both ground and mucosal (including the contribution of villi), were isometric but also included the coefficient derived from 'Kleiber's Law' (0.75) in their 95 and 99% confidence limits, respectively. Villous height and width generally showed no significant correlations with body size, but villous density was lower in large individuals. The allometry coefficient for the length of the large intestine was generally near the A:V compensating value (0.5) in most intraspecific analyses but much higher in the interspecific analysis, suggesting that some factor other than body size might be important (possibly dietary fibre). Caecal length was significantly correlated with body size only in two largest species (M. rufus and M. giganteus) and the interspecific analysis gave a value near A:V compensation).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Southwell, C. "Macropod Studies at Wallaby Creek .2. Density and Distribution of Macropod Species in Relation to Environmental Variables." Wildlife Research 14, no. 1 (1987): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9870015.

Full text

Abstract:

The density and distribution of seven macropod species within a 368-ha study area in north-eastern New South Wales was determined from systematic ground transect counts. Densities of the black-striped wallaby, red-necked pademelon and long-nosed potoroo were very low. All sightings of these species were restricted to an area of high tree density and dense ground cover, and to the immediate boundary between this vegetation type and pasture. Densities of the eastern grey kangaroo, whiptail wallaby, red-necked wallaby and rufous bettong were higher; they were associated with a mosaic of grassland and open forest vegetation. Sightings of these species were sufficient to allow a detailed analysis of distribution and associations with environmental variables; their distributions did not vary seasonally. Of the three larger species, distribution varied within the day for the red-necked wallaby only. Spatial separation among the four species was related to differential use of canopy cover, pasture and topography.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Eastern grey kangaroo – Ecology – Sydney'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles