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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Eastern grey kangaroo

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Academic literature on the topic 'Eastern grey kangaroo'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Eastern grey kangaroo"

1

Wright, SM. "Observations of the behaviour of male eastern grey kangaroos when attacked by dingoes." Wildlife Research 20, no. 6 (1993): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930845.

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Interactions between dingoes and male eastern grey kangaroos observed at Wallaby Creek (in northeastern New South Wales) are described. Other than simple flight, large male kangaroos can react to dingoes by defending themselves or fleeing to water. A male kangaroo defended himself during an encounter lasting over 60min. His actions included high-standing, kicking, thumping the tail, and hopping towards and watching the dingo. The encounter was made up of six intense bouts, during which the dingo was within 5m of the kangaroo. Most bouts involved the dingo circling and the kangaroo turning to face the dingo, with the kangaroo's degree of reaction depending on the distance to the dingo. The response of the kangaroo diminished during later bouts. A second kangaroo fled to water when pursued by a dingo and after swimming to shallow water lowered his body so only his head showed. The dingo remained on the bank watching for some time. Both encounters ended with the dingo leaving.

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Green-Barber, Jai M., Oselyne T. W. Ong, Anusha Kanuri, Hayley J. Stannard, and Julie M. Old. "Blood constituents of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus)." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 2 (2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17002.

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Baseline haematology, blood chemistry and acute phase protein parameters have not previously been published for free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). Eight eastern grey kangaroos, including three adult males, three adult females and two subadult males from two different populations, were examined. Assays assessed the antibacterial activity of kangaroo serum against one Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The kangaroo serum had a strong antibacterial response to Klebsiella pneumoniae, and moderate responses to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The presence and level of acute phase proteins, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in kangaroos was investigated. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A were present in kangaroo serum, but only haptoglobin was elevated in a kangaroo with capture myopathy and necrotic wounds. The findings of this study provide preliminary data on health parameters of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos. These parameters can be used to assist in assessing health in free-ranging populations.

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3

Henderson, Timothy, Rajanathan Rajaratnam, and Karl Vernes. "Population density of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) in a periurban matrix at Coffs Harbour, New South Wales." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 2 (2018): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17010.

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We surveyed eastern grey kangaroos at four locations at the Northern Beaches region of Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, to estimate densities in this growing peri-urban region. This region is considered a regional hotspot for human–kangaroo conflict, with numerous kangaroo-related incidents in recent years. Direct counts of kangaroos were undertaken every two months during 2016. Kangaroo densities varied between sites, ranging from 0.2 individuals ha–1 to 4.9 individuals ha–1. Because no estimates of population density exist for the Northern Beaches, our results assisted the development of a regional kangaroo management plan, and contribute to a broader understanding of eastern grey kangaroo densities in peri-urban areas.

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4

Descovich, Kris, Andrew Tribe, Ian J. McDonald, and Clive J. C. Phillips. "The eastern grey kangaroo: current management and future directions." Wildlife Research 43, no. 7 (2016): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16027.

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The eastern grey kangaroo is a common and iconic species of Australia. Its specialised behaviour and reproduction have evolved as adaptations to the Australian environment, allowing the species to survive and flourish, despite wide climatic and seasonal variations in habitat. Across its range, the eastern grey kangaroo is harvested and subjected to population management for a variety of reasons, including localised over-abundance, livestock competition, crop grazing, native habitat conservation, animal welfare and direct threats to human safety. Population management of kangaroos is most commonly undertaken by shooting, although other methods such as reproductive control, translocation and repellents may also contribute successfully to management. Kangaroo harvesting and population control are controversial and divisive, because the kangaroo is perceived as both a national icon and as a pest species. Although a limited number of surveys have been undertaken on attitudes towards kangaroos and their management, the socio-political aspects affecting these issues are yet to be systematically investigated. Within this review we discuss the relevance of culture and language to species management and conservation, as well as the importance of scrutiny of stakeholder perceptions, motivations and values. Future directions should examine human dimensions that influence kangaroo-management decisions and conservation. The following three key aspects are recommended as research and management priorities: (1) experimental determination of whether gaps exist between actual and perceived impacts of kangaroo populations, (2) empirical investigation of how stakeholder language, culture, identity and values influence perceptions of kangaroos and their management, and (3) where population control is determined to be necessary, an incorporation of stakeholder differences within decision making to ensure best outcomes for both species conservation and population management.

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5

Brunton, Elizabeth A., Sanjeev K. Srivastava, David S. Schoeman, and Scott Burnett. "Quantifying trends and predictors of decline in eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) populations in a rapidly urbanising landscape." Pacific Conservation Biology 24, no. 1 (2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc17034.

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Human population growth and the resultant expansion of urban landscapes are drivers of biodiversity loss globally. Impacts of urbanisation on wildlife are not well understood, although the importance of preserving biodiversity in urban areas is widely recognised. The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), a common species of large macropod, can be found in high densities in many urban landscapes across Australia. South East Queensland is a subtropical region of Australia that has experienced high rates of urban expansion. Human population growth in the region has resulted in widespread changes to the landscape and much of the eastern grey kangaroo’s natural habitat has been modified. Declines in kangaroo populations have been anecdotally reported; however, the impact of urbanisation on kangaroo populations has not been quantified. This study used a modelling approach, collecting data from the community, and private and government organisations to: (1) map the current distribution of eastern grey kangaroos; (2) quantify trends in kangaroo abundance; and (3) identify anthropogenic drivers of changes in kangaroo abundance in the region. Of the kangaroo populations identified, 42% were reported to have undergone an overall decline in abundance since 2000. Higher human population growth rate and smaller area remaining under natural land use were predictors of kangaroo population declines. Further kangaroo declines can be anticipated in the region, particularly in areas with projected human population growth rates over 80% for the next decade. This study emphasises the importance of integrated urban development over large spatial extents to mitigate impacts of urbanisation on terrestrial mammals.

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6

Brunton, Elizabeth A., Sanjeev K. Srivastava, and Scott Burnett. "Spatial ecology of an urban eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) population: local decline driven by kangaroo–vehicle collisions." Wildlife Research 45, no. 8 (2018): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18077.

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Context As urban landscapes proliferate globally, the need for research into urban wildlife interactions is magnified. The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is a widespread species commonly involved in wildlife–vehicle collisions in urban areas in Australia. Despite the many urban kangaroo populations and associated conflicts with human activities, few studies have examined how eastern grey kangaroos interact with, and are affected by, the urban matrix. Aims The present study aimed to quantify kangaroo demography, movements, habitat utilisation and exposure to risks during a period of intensive urban development in a rapidly changing suburb located in a region undergoing high urban growth rates. Methods We utilised foot-based census surveys, global positioning system (GPS) collars, direct observations and reports of wildlife mortality between 2014 and 2016. Geographical information systems (GIS) were used to integrate GPS-tracking data with spatial layers, to quantify kangaroo movements and habitat utilisation. Key results The kangaroo population underwent a steep decline and kangaroo–vehicle collisions were the main source of mortality (73%) during the study period. Kangaroos were regularly exposed to the risk of injury, with roads intersecting many parts of their home range. Kangaroos showed positive habitat selection both for lawn and forest habitats and kangaroo movement and presence at the study site were influenced by high-quality forage and cover. Conclusions The present research has highlighted that despite areas of suitable habitat remaining, road-kill was a major contributor to localised kangaroo-population decline. We showed that habitat preferences of eastern grey kangaroos in this urban area were consistent with those in natural landscapes. Implications The present study is the first to implicate kangaroo–vehicle collisions as the major factor in population decline in kangaroos. These findings can be utilised to guide design and placement of kangaroo–vehicle collision mitigation and assist in planning of urban areas, particularly where kangaroo populations are in decline. Local extirpation of urban kangaroo populations would be greatly reduced by incorporating site-specific kangaroo habitat preferences and existing patterns of kangaroo habitat use in infrastructure planning. The study has contributed to our understanding of the effects of roads on urban wildlife in general and highlighted the importance of landscape permeability.

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7

Hopwood, PR, and RM Butterfield. "The Locomotor Apparatus of the Crus and Pes of the Eastern Gray Kangaroo, Macropus-Giganteus." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 4 (1990): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900397.

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The bones and muscles of the crus and pes of the grey kangaroo are described and illustrated. The hopping of grey kangaroos is also described. The morphology of the musculo-skeletal elements of the crus and pes, together with muscle weight distribution in the pelvic limb, are discussed in relation to hopping. Several errors in the literature on the kangaroo locomotor apparatus are identified.

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8

Payne, Alison L., and Peter J. Jarman. "Macropod studies at Wallaby Creek. X. Responses of eastern grey kangaroos to cattle." Wildlife Research 26, no. 2 (1999): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr95037.

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The instantaneous behavioural and spatial responses of eastern grey kangaroos to the presence of cattle were studied at Wallaby Creek, north-eastern New South Wales. Kangaroo groups were distributed closer to cattle groups than would be expected by chance, both at a study-site scale (154-ha) and at a 1-ha scale; large males were recorded on average further from cattle than were smaller males. Nearest-neighbouring kangaroo groups were located such that cattle groups rarely interrupted the lines of sight between them. Observed disturbance and displacement by cattle provoked a minimal response in kangaroos, which fled only tens of metres and soon resumed their previous activity. The presence of cattle had few detectable instantaneous effects on the behaviour of the kangaroos, except to increase their alertness and the feeding time of small (but not large) kangaroo groups. These effects indicate that cattle pose little threat to kangaroos.

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9

Green-Barber, Jai M., Hayley J. Stannard, and Julie M. Old. "A suspected case of myopathy in a free-ranging eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 1 (2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am16054.

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Macropods are susceptible to capture myopathy. A post mortem examination, and haematological and blood chemistry analysis was conducted on a male eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) believed to have capture myopathy. Changes in blood chemistry and necrosis of muscle tissue are the most prevalent sign of myopathy in eastern grey kangaroos.

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10

Barker, R. D., and G. Caughley. "Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 15, no. 1 (1992): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am92011.

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The dominant species of large macropods in Victoria are the Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) and the Southern (= Western) Grey Kangaroo (M. fuliginosus). On the limited historic data available there is no indication that their ranges have changed since European settlement. The Red Kangaroo (M. rufus) was restricted to the northwest corner of the state, then as now. Moderate densities of Grey Kangaroos at settlement increased under forest clearing, probably peaking about the mid-nineteenth century. With intensification of farming and associated heavy hunting they declined again to establish by about the turn of the century the distribution of modera te density that we see today.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Eastern grey kangaroo"

1

Bender, Helena. "Auditory stimuli as a method to deter kangaroos in agricultural and road environments." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000974.

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Fletcher, Don. "Population dynamics of eastern grey kangaroos in temperate grasslands." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://erl.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20070808.152438/.

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Fletcher, Donald Bryden, and N/A. "Population Dynamics of Eastern Grey Kangaroos in Temperate Grasslands." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2006. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20070808.152438.

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This thesis is about the dynamics of eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) populations and their food supplies in temperate grasslands of south-eastern Australia. It is based on the study of three populations of eastern grey kangaroos inhabiting �warm dry�, �cold dry�, and �warm wet� sites within the Southern Tablelands climatic region. After a pilot survey and methods trial in early 2001, the main period of study was from August 2001 to July 2003. The study populations were found to have the highest densities of any kangaroo populations, 450 to 510 km-2. Their density was the same at the end of the two year study period as at the beginning, in spite of a strong decline in herbage availability due to drought. The eastern grey kangaroo populations were limited according to the predation-sensitive food hypothesis. Fecundity, as the observed proportion of females with late pouch young in spring, was high, in spite of the high kangaroo density and restricted food availability. Age-specific fecundity of a kangaroo sample shot on one of the sites in 1997 to avert starvation was the highest reported for kangaroos. Thus, limitation acted through mortality rather than fecundity. Population growth rate was most sensitive to adult survival but the demographic rate that had the greatest effect in practice was mortality of juveniles, most likely sub-adults. The combination of high fecundity with high mortality of immatures would provide resilience to low levels of imposed mortality and to fertility control. The normal pattern of spring pasture growth was not observed in the drought conditions and few of the recorded increments of growth were of the magnitude considered typical for sites on the southern and central tablelands. Temperature was necessary to predict pasture growth, as well as rainfall, over the previous two months. The best model of pasture growth (lowest AICc) included negative terms for herbage mass, rainfall over the previous two months, and temperature, and a positive term for the interaction between rainfall and temperature. It accounted for 13% more of the variation in the data than did the simpler model of the type used by Robertson (1987a), Caughley (1987) and Choquenot et al. (1998). However this was only 63% of total variation. Re-evaluation of the model based on measurements of pasture growth in more typical (non-drought) conditions is recommended. Grazing had a powerful influence on the biomass of pasture due to the high density of kangaroos. This is a marked difference to many other studies of the type which have been conducted in semi-arid environments where rainfall dominates. The offtake of pasture by kangaroos, as estimated on the research sites by the cage method, was linear on herbage mass. It was of greater magnitude than the more exact estimate of the (curved) functional response from grazedowns in high�quality and low�quality pastures. The widespread recognition of three forms of functional response is inadequate. Both the theoretical basis, and supporting data, have been published for domed, inaccessible residue, and power forms as well (Holling 1966; Noy-Meir 1975; Hassell et al. 1976, 1977; Short 1986; Sabelis 1992). Eastern grey kangaroos had approximately the same Type 2 functional response when consuming either a high quality artificial pasture (Phalaris aquatica), or dry native pasture (Themeda australis) in autumn. Their functional response rose more gradually than those published for red kangaroos and western grey kangaroos in the semi-arid rangelands, and did not satiate at the levels of pasture available. This gradual behaviour of the functional response contributes to continuous stability of the consumer-resource system, as opposed to discontinuous stability. The numerical response was estimated using the ratio equation, assuming an intrinsic rate of increase for eastern grey kangaroos in temperate grasslands of 0.55. There is indirect evidence of effects of predation in the dynamics of the kangaroo populations. This is demonstrated by the positive relationship between r and kangaroo density. Such a relationship can be generated by predation. A desirable future task is to compile estimates of population growth rate and simultaneous estimates of pasture, in the absence of predation, where kangaroo population density is changing, so that the numerical response can be estimated empirically. The management implications arising from this study are numerous and a full account would require a separate report. As one example, kangaroos in these temperate grasslands are on average smaller, eat less, are more numerous, and are more fecund, than would be predicted from other studies (e.g. Caughley et al. 1987). Thus the benefit of shooting each kangaroo, in terms of grass production, is less, or, in other words, more kangaroos have to be shot to achieve a certain level of impact reduction, and the population will recover more quickly, than would have been predicted prior to this study. Secondly, of much importance to managers, the interactive model which can readily be assembled from the products of Chapters 4, 5 and 8, can be used to test a range of management options, and the effect of variation in weather conditions, such as increased or decreased rainfall. For example, the model indicates that commercial harvesting (currently under trial in the region), at the maximum level allowed, results in a sustainable harvest of kangaroos, but does not increase the herbage mass, and only slightly reduces the frequency of crashes when herbage mass falls to low levels. (To demonstrate this with an ecological experiment would require an extremely large investment of research effort.) However, an alternative �national park damage mitigation� formula, which holds kangaroo density to about 1 ha-1, is predicted to increase herbage mass considerably and to reduce the frequency of crashes in herbage mass, but these effects would be achieved at the cost of having to shoot large numbers of kangaroos. Thus, aside from many specific details of kangaroo ecology, the knowledge gained in this study appears to have useful potential to illustrate to managers the dynamic properties of a resource-consumer system, the probabilistic nature of management outcomes, and the consequences of particular kangaroo management proposals.

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4

Thomas, Georgia Lea. "The Eastern grey kangaroo in coastal NSW: reproduction, genetics and behaviour." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23259.

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The environment an animal inhabits directs the inheritance of traits that improve fitness, with genes that aid survival being selected for each generation. Furthermore, sexual selection plays a role directing the inheritance of traits that enhance individual reproduction. As such, the presence of particular traits exhibited by animals within different environments can provide insights into species or population level social and mating systems. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine long-standing evolutionary assumptions surrounding reproductive ecology, and male life history, in the Eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus). Specifically, the impacts of genetic relatedness on social and behavioural aspects of free ranging kangaroos, as well as the influence of sexually selected traits on male reproductive success, were investigated. Initial investigations identified correlations among genetic relatedness, social affiliation and geographic home range. Females were found to be more related to one-another than males were, males exhibited larger home range overlap and more social affinity than females, and socially affiliated males and females were more related than expected by chance. Further investigations elucidated several male attributes that were correlated with reproductive success at two geographically isolated sites, namely body size parameters, including weight and testes size. While larger males generally sired more offspring, other smaller successful males appeared to engage in alternative reproductive strategies, including extensive roaming habits. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence male reproductive success in a free ranging polygynous marsupial species, including the notion that site-specific factors likely influence the relative importance of these attributes.

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Brandimarti, Maquel E. "Using haematology and biochemistry to investigate the health and evolutionary biology of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26627.

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Land clearing has detrimental and long-lasting impacts on natural ecosystems and biodiversity, yet land clearing is accelerating world-wide. The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is a large common macropod that can reach high densities on cleared land. Despite their apparent success, kangaroo populations are susceptible to food shortages and increased disease risk. Developing a broad understanding of the drivers of kangaroo health is required to establish a benchmark to study poor health. This thesis aimed to develop an evidence-based tool that characterises kangaroo health. Species-specific haematological reference intervals (RI) were developed using blood samples collected from up to 245 animals from four sites across New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Results showed that abiotic factors are critical determinants of kangaroo health outcomes. A health investigation was then performed, utilising the developed RIs, on a population of kangaroos in which health and welfare issues. This kangaroo population was from Look At Me Now Headland (LAMN) in NSW and was found to have widespread disease (parasitism and non-regenerative anaemia) and nutritional deficiencies stemming from a high population density, prolonged drought and reduced grazing habitat. The risk factors associated with parasitism were explored by examining potential selection pressures driving the evolution of kangaroos. An experiment was done to examine the influence of testosterone suppression on health parameters, parasite burdens and movement patterns in male kangaroos. While there was no effect of testosterone on these factors during the ten-week suppression period, a trend for reduced parasite burdens in kangaroos with supressed testosterone was evident. The findings of this thesis emphasise that regional planning must consider habitat connectivity for kangaroo populations to prevent overabundance and enhance positive outcomes for the health and welfare of the species.

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6

Billing, Justin Heybourne. "Analysis of the nutritional ecology of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) using faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150128.

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7

Green-Barber, Jai M. "Behaviour, group dynamics, and health of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus)." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:47376.

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Eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) are one of Australia’s most iconic species. An increase in watering sites and urban development have dramatically influenced the species range and abundance. Current knowledge of group structure, dispersal and behaviour of eastern grey kangaroos is limited. Developing a better understanding of these topics is essential in creation of effective management strategies. The following thesis explores multiple aspects of behavioural ecology and health in free ranging eastern grey kangaroos. Motion detecting infra-red camera traps were used to assess activity patterns and social interactions, as well as the suitability of this tool for measuring behaviour in this species. Activity patterns were compared between a modified and natural site. The location of 23 road killed kangaroos was studied to evaluate what influences road mortality. DNA extracted from tissue and blood samples were used to conduct microsatellite analysis and investigate genetic structure of the population. Baseline haematology, blood chemistry, and acute phase protein parameters were examined for eight kangaroos including three adult males, three adult females and two sub-adult males to assess health. The aim of the research was to expand the existing knowledge of the behaviour, social organisation, population dynamics and health of eastern grey kangaroos to assist in developing more informed and effective management strategies for this species. Research was conducted at two sites in NSW, Yarramundi paddocks at the Hawkesbury campus of WSU, Richmond, NSW; an active farmland site fragmented by an urban environment consisting of 308 ha of pasture, grassland, marshes and open woodland, and the Emirates One and Only Wolgan Valley Resort, Newnes, NSW; a largely undeveloped area and conservation reserve at an eco-resort situated on 1619 ha of grasslands, woodland and riparian areas surrounded by the sandstone cliffs of World Heritage listed National Parks. Camera trap data was consistent with activity patterns of eastern grey kangaroos observed on foot in previous studies. The behaviour of kangaroos appeared to be influenced by the presence of cameras, however no kangaroos retreated from cameras and all appeared to become habituated to cameras after eight months. The findings suggest that camera traps are suitable for assessing the diurnal activity of kangaroos, however nocturnal activity appeared to be underrepresented. Observations of unusual fighting behaviour illustrates the potential for camera traps to enable capture of novel observations. Comparison of camera trap data showed that kangaroos at the modified site had a higher density, spent more time in larger groups, and had an earlier peak activity time than those at the natural site. More vigilance (standing still and scanning for threats) and less feeding were observed at the modified site. The higher population density at the modified site is likely to be a result of increased resources and restricted dispersal. The earlier peak activity time observed at the modified site may be in response to artificial lighting. Increased vigilance may be due human presence, and visual barriers in modified landscapes that reduce the line of sight. Reduced feeding time is probably a result of the higher nutritional content of pasture grasses at the modified site. Assessment of factors that influence kangaroo road mortality at the modified site demonstrated that more mortalities occurred during periods of low temperature and low rainfall, and during the waning gibbous phase of the lunar cycle. Periods of low temperature and low rainfall reduce forage quality, causing kangaroos to travel further to find high quality vegetation. High moon illumination provides increased visibility and allows for greater mobility of kangaroos. Significantly more road mortalities occurred a short distance from the end of a section of street lights. Gaps in roadside lighting are likely to reduce motorists’ ability to visually detect animals on roads while their eyes adjust to different lighting levels. Investigation of the genetic structure within the population indicated one pair of kangaroos were full siblings, and a high proportion were identified as half siblings. Six positive parentage assignments were detected. The locus used for microsatellite analysis were polymorphic and highly informative for use in the study population. No genetic spatial autocorrelation was detected. Examination of health parameters of free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos found preliminary differences in both the haematological and blood chemistry values of kangaroos of different ages and genders. The kangaroo serumhad a strong antibacterial response to Klebsiella pneumoniae, and moderate responses to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A were present in kangaroo serum, but only haptoglobin was elevated in a kangaroo with necrotic wounds. Results confirm that camera traps are suitable for assessing the diurnal activity of eastern grey kangaroos and should be incorporated in into future studies to reduce observer effect and costs, thus enabling effective long term monitoring. The expanded knowledge of the factors found to increase kangaroo road mortality enable more effective road design planning and wildlife management strategies such as targeted wildlife crossing structures and warning signs. Understanding of the genetic structure and dispersal patterns occurring within these free-ranging populations, and their health, will assist in effective population monitoring, which is necessary for the successful management of kangaroo populations in increasingly developed landscapes. Overall, the information gained from this research is essential for developing effective management practices for high density kangaroo populations in developed areas, which is necessary as a result of the increasing development and habitat fragmentation across Australia.

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8

Than, Aung. "Distribution and resource partitioning of eastern grey kangaroo and red-necked wallaby : a case study of resource techniques for sustainable management." Master's thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/140310.

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9

Snape, Melissa Alice. "Reproductive and behavioural effects of a GnRH-Targeted immunocontraceptive vaccine in macropodids." Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155961.

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GnRH-targeted immunocontraception has potential as a non-lethal means of managing overabundant native species in Australia, and also represents a useful tool for studying the key processes within the reproductive endocrine axis. In this thesis, the effects of the GnRH vaccine 'GonaCon(TM)' on peri-pubertal development, growth, adult fertility and social behaviour are examined in two model macropodid species, the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii and the eastern grey kangaroo, M. giganteus. Vaccination against GnRH in adult male tammars resulted in rapid testicular atrophy and a loss of fertility for a minimum of two years in association with the production of significant GnRH antibody titres. Puberty was also delayed for a minimum of two years following vaccination of immature males of this species. Male-type growth rates were suppressed in association with depressed testosterone production in males of both age groups, and significant interruptions to both sexual and agonistic behaviours were observed in both adult- and juvenile-treated males. In females, GnRH vaccination effectively suppressed reproduction in 100% of adult female tammars over 5 breeding seasons. Treatment had no apparent effect on lactation but inhibited the production of young from diapausing blastocysts in this group, possibly by via some effect on the corpus luteum of pregnancy. Vaccinated sub-adult female eastern grey kangaroos failed to undergo normal peripubertal development (based on observations of pouch condition) and remained reproductively inactive for the duration of the study (2 1/2 years) - unlike Controls which all produced pouch young. No significant impacts on animal health or welfare were observed during this study however the effects of altered behavioural interactions will need to be re-evaluated on a larger scale to ascertain the potential for any negative impacts on animal welfare or the attainment of management objectives. Based on the long-lasting and highly efficacious results observed, GnRH-targeted immunocontraception would likely be a useful means of managing urban macropodid populations.

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Books on the topic "Eastern grey kangaroo"

1

Arnold, Caroline. Kangaroo. New York: W. Morrow, 1987.

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2

Crewe, Sabrina. The kangaroo. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1997.

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Arnold, Caroline. Kangaroo. Mulberry Books, 1992.

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Crewe, Sabrina. Kangaroo. Tandem Library, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Eastern grey kangaroo"

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Salamon, Mario, Noel W. Davies, and D. Michael Stoddart. "Olfactory Communication in Australian Marsupials with Particular Reference to Brushtail Possum, Koala, and Eastern Grey Kangaroo." In Advances in Chemical Signals in Vertebrates, 85–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4733-4_6.

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Power, M. L., M. B. Slade, S. R. Shanker, N. C. Sangster, and D. A. Veal. "Cryptosporidium in Eastern Grey Kangaroos Macroqus Giganteus." In Cryptosporidium, 207–9. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044451351-9/50031-8.

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"18. Grouping, Associations, and Reproductive Strategies in Eastern Grey Kangaroos." In Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution, 399–428. Princeton University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400858149.399.

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Williamson, Kelly, Helen Doherty, and Julian Di. "Changes in the Relative Density of Swamp Wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) and Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) in Response to Timber Harvesting and Wildfire." In New Advances and Contributions to Forestry Research. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/33426.

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"As an adjunct to this, egg masses of Austropeplea were hatched out and reared in constant temperature rooms at 15°C, 25°C and 30°C with weekly changes of water and vegetation (Figure 9.5). Shell length was measured weekly until time of reproduction. At 15°C the snails grew slower but lived longer, but at 25°C and 30°C, there was little difference in growth rates, although those at 25°C were marginally larger at equivalent periods. Although water temperatures at the Ross River dam do occasionally drop to 16°C on occasions, generally they average 25–28°C (Hurley et al. 1995). Thus from this, an Austropeplea of 12 mm shell length collected during summer will be around one month old and capable of reproducing. One of 20 mm at either 25°C or 30°C water temperature would be approximately 100 days old. On this basis, it is suggested that monitoring could be comfortably done every two to three months. 9.6 Management options 9.6.1 General conclusions There are several other lakes, man-made or otherwise in northern Queensland, that support diverse recreational activities without apparent mishap. All are subjected to tropical conditions conducive to year round production of mosquitoes, snails, mites and pathogens. What is different about the Ross River dam stage 2A is its shallowness and proximity to large human populations. Nevertheless, the studies carried out in two blocks (1983–1987 and 1990–1995) have defined its mosquito and alphavirus hazard as considerable but no greater in the northern and north-eastern areas of Big Bay, Ti-Tree Bay, Round Island and Antill Creek than that experienced by local residents in everyday life. The relative hazard would change considerably, however, if the responsible local authorities ever decided to mount a broadscale aerial control programme against larval Aedes vigilax, which breed in the extensive intertidal wetlands. Restriction of activities to daylight hours will not only facilitate easier control of the public but will also reduce exposure to key vector species such as Culex annulirostris, Anopheles amictus and Aedes normanensis. However, who takes the responsibility for an estimated 5 billion mosquito larvae found periodically in the floating Hydrilla beds? As discussed, both Culex annulirostris and Anopheles annulipes are quite capable of dispersing from the reservoir into the urban populace. Recreational management issues are probably far less complicated than the moral issues. Whereas land clearance prior to the flooding of the stage 2A lake was effective in controlling tropical itch mites and some mosquito species, it also probably effected a redistribution of the kangaroos and wallabies, known to be most effective intermediate hosts of some arboviruses, including Ross River and the often fatal Murray Valley encephalitis. They have probably been driven towards the quieter eastern areas around Toonpan, where in 1992 Ross River virus was detected in wet season Aedes normanensis at rates as low as 1:217." In Water Resources, 151. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203027851-38.

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