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Lobas, V. "Interest to the eastern philosophy: names and borders of the search." Thesis, ТОВ "Планета – Принт", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/48165.
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McCallum, Fiona. "The political role of the patriarch in the contemporary Middle East : an examination of the Coptic Orthodox and Maronite traditions." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2776.
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The objective of this study is to analyse the contemporary political role of Christianity in the Middle East. This will be achieved by focusing on the office of the patriarch. In most of the Eastern Christian churches, the patriarch is widely accepted as the spiritual head of the community and, throughout the centuries, this authority has often been translated into temporal power. Although other communal actors have challenged the dominant position of the patriarch, this dual role as spiritual and civil leader provides resources which can be used to strengthen the claim to be the political representative at the expense of lay rivals. The case studies selected for this project - the Coptic Orthodox and the Maronite churches - share several key characteristics. Firstly, both evoke a distinct identity on the basis of faith yet are directly linked to a specific homeland - Egypt and Lebanon respectively. In contrast to spiritual leaders of communities which are not concentrated in one particular country, the Coptic Orthodox and Maronite patriarchs have the potential to become involved in national affairs if desired. Secondly, both communities have pressing if different concerns as indigenous Christians in a turbulent regional environment dominated by another religion - Islam. The vast majority of these relate to the position of the community in the homeland. Thirdly, both communities have recently experienced widespread expansion outside the traditional territory in the Middle East. This allows an examination of the impact this growth has had on both the church and community at home and abroad. Fourthly, since becoming the head of each church, Patriarch Shenouda III, Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria and all Africa and Patriarch Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, Patriarch of Antioch and all the East of the Maronites, have proven to be charismatic and influential figures in church and national affairs. They have clearly played significant parts in relations between the community and state in the decades since their election to office. Finally, the two case studies have been selected as they best represent the potential of Christian communities to have a political role in this region. While the Copts constitute only a small proportion (5-10% depending on the identity of the source) of the Egyptian population, they are still the largest Christian community in the Middle East, numbering around 5-6 million. In contrast, the Maronites are a small community in terms of size. It is estimated that there are no more than 600,000 Maronites in Lebanon. Yet within Lebanon, they still make up over 20% of the population, offering them a chance to have a significant impact on national affairs. This study proposes that the patriarch exercises a political role because of his position as the head of the community. The authority and tradition of the office is constantly invoked to reinforce this position. In the contemporary period, this can be attributed to the desire to fill the leadership vacuum which exists amongst Christians in the Middle East.
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Anderson, Arthur William. "Traditions and transitions : later and Roman Iron Age communities in the North-East of England." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4456/.
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This thesis aims to reintegrate the communities of later Iron Age north-east of England (from roughly 300 BC) into wider narratives of later Iron Age and Roman-era Europe. Despite the significant contributions of George Jobey, Colin Haselgrove and others, the north-eastern Iron Age has been widely considered underpopulated and materially and culturally impoverished since such a view was put forward by Mortimer Wheeler and Stuart Piggott in the 1950’s. In light of this impression of the later Iron Age, the region has been seen as a ‘blank slate’ for the establishment of a Roman military zone which has then been interpreted without fully considering an indigenous, civilian population. Recent work on later Iron Age settlements and non-military Roman era settlements in the region has called these older views more directly into question by building on the work of Jobey and Haselgrove and demonstrating that a substantial Roman and pre-Roman civilian population must have been present across the region throughout the period in question. Thus, this study has sought to bring together the available artefactual, depositional and architectural evidence for later Iron Age communities as well as those Roman-era communities who maintained connections with indigenous traditions. Though there can be no clear separation of ‘indigenous’ and ‘Roman’ settlements from the mid first century onwards, this study has focused on those settlements which continue to make use of roundhouse architecture. Given the variable state of the evidence from the long tradition of investigation in the region, only well contextualized excavated evidence is considered in order to best shed light on the practice of daily life. Alongside considering the range of material culture in use, contextual analysis of this evidence demonstrates that the noted lack of recovered material culture, particularly ceramics, can be shown to be the result of deliberate choices in acquisition, use and deposition of material culture which reflect the priorities of this decentralized society rather than the result of an inability to produce or trade. Despite this however, it is clear that northeastern communities do appear to engage in similar depositional activities to other British and European Iron Age societies, albeit on a smaller scale which reflects the smaller scale of the communities involved, and a deep connectedness to wider traditions can be shown. Considered alongside this sometimes difficult dataset is the history of Iron Age studies in the region and how this has shaped research strategies. This is an illustrative example of the mechanisms through which older, broad brush understandings can continue to dominate regional archaeologies despite newer, more nuanced evidence. As well as a case study in the relevance of the history of archaeology to contemporary study, the narrative thus constructed provides a basis for understanding the north-eastern Iron Age within the expanding web of regionalization and connections which was Iron Age Europe. Additionally it provides a narrative of indigenous communities’ interactions with and reactions to the dramatic changes related to the expansion of the Roman empire the early first millennium AD. This is ultimately key in order to better interpret the increasing evidence for non-military Roman era communities in the region and beyond.
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Shepherd, Eric Todd. "A pedagogy of storytelling based on Chinese storytelling traditions." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1180552747.
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Fletcher, Rebecca Adkins. "Railroad Town without a Railroad: Documenting Clinchfield Railroad Traditions and Transitioning Economic Identities In an East Tennessee Appalachian Community." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/871.
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Like many Appalachian towns, Erwin (Unicoi County, TN) is struggling with the realities of disappearing industrial jobs that have long played roles as economic stabilizers and foundations of community identity. The “Documenting Community Traditions: Oral History of the Clinchfield Railroad in Unicoi County” is the third installment of a three-year oral history project conducted by Appalachian Teaching Project graduate students at East Tennessee State University (ETSU). While seeking to foster meaningful collaboration with our community partners, including the Clinchfield Railroad Museum, students also developed important skills in ethnography, oral history, and team-based research. Grounded in diverse readings in local history (Stevens and Peoples), research methodology (Bernard; Deblasio), and community engagement (Lewis; Ezzell), we engaged in primary archival document research and met with museum curators at the Clinchfield Railroad and the George L. Carter Museums. We also conducted participant-observation at the Unicoi Apple Festival and completed oral history interviews with community members and former railroad workers. Here we will share insights from our research, including the historic and continued importance of the railroad to this community in light of the 2015 closure of the railroad by CSX and the loss of the remaining 300 railroad jobs in Erwin. In addition, we will discuss our collaborative efforts toward creating a cultural heritage travel brochure to assist the Clinchfield Railroad Museum with ongoing efforts to increase cultural heritage tourism as part of local community efforts toward economic development.
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Drake, Suzanne. "L’art contemporain du Moyen-Orient entre traditions et nouveaux défis." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU1012/document.
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Dans les pays du Moyen Orient, nous sommes face à une réalité complexe, qui est encore peu comprise en Europe. Les médias nous dépeignent souvent une société majoritairement islamique fondamentaliste. Cette image, qui pourrait relever d’une représentation tardive du Moyen Orient par l’Occident est empreinte de problématiques d’ordre économique et sociétal. Une analyse précise permet de mettre au jour des singularités nationales et intranationales. Les développements artistiques profitent de ces sources multiples. Pour inclure les artistes du Moyen Orient dans l’histoire de l’art du monde, et comprendre les œuvres d’art contemporain, nous nous sommes servis de plusieurs approches. Outre l’analyse esthétique et la recherche d’influences formelles, il s’agit de comprendre les positions politiques de l'artiste, sa psychologie, son rôle dans la société, mais aussi la place de la religion dans la vie publique, la valeur attribuée à l’art contemporain et sa réception dans la société. Les marchés de l’art sont manifestement mondialisés, les critiques et commissaires d’expositions influencés par les goûts et jugements occidentaux et pour tout compliquer, nombre d’artistes qui se réclament d’un pays du Moyen Orient sont nés et vivent dans un pays occidental. Nous pouvons, en lien avec tous ces paramètres, constater des développements rapides dans le domaine de la production artistique et celui de sa diffusion dans la région. Notre recherche concerne ici à la production artistique actuelle de six pays et/ou peuples de la région: l’Egypte, la Jordanie, la Syrie, le Liban, la Palestine, Israël, et les KurdesWe face complexe realities in the countries of the Middle East and they are still often ignored in Europe. The media usually show us societies which are basically Muslim fundamentalist. This image is a shadow of the late colonialisation of the Middle East and is influenced by our own social and economic problems. The differences between countries, and inside the actual countries, are analysed in order to understand artistic development and to include the artists of the Middle East in the world’s Art history. To understand the contemporary works of artists, we used a variety of approaches. Besides the aesthetic analysis and the research of formal influences, we also regarded the political position of the artist, his or her psychology, his or her role in society, but also the place of religion in public life, the value given to contemporary art inside the society and the way it is perceived. The world art markets are globalised, art critics and curators are however influenced by the tastes and judgements of the West, and to complicate the whole matter, a great number of artists who claim to come from a certain place in the Middle East are actually born somewhere else and live in diaspora. We can, in using all these parameters, see the rapid developments in the production of art and its appreciation in the region. This research aims to scrutinize the actual artistic production of six peoples in the region: Egypt, Jordan, Libanon, Palestine, Israel and the Kurds
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Gromov, Mikhail D. "East African Literature: Essays on Written and Oral Traditions. Ed. by J.K.S. Makokha, Egara Kabaji and Dominica Dipio. Berlin: Logos Verlag, 2011, 513 pp. ISBN 978-3-8325-2816-4." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-107482.
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Décriaud, Anne-Sophie. "Les personnifications cosmologiques sur les mosaïques romaines tardives d’Orient. Traditions iconographiques et lecture symbolique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040043.
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L’une des questions primordiales dans l’étude de l’Antiquité tardive concerne le passage de l’ancienne religion polythéiste au christianisme. Or, les découvertes archéologiques faites dans la partie orientale du Bassin méditerranéen ont révélé de nombreux pavements chrétiens (ou juifs) tardifs décorés de riches mosaïques polychromes réutilisant des figures issues de la tradition iconographique grecque, parmi lesquelles des personnifications d’éléments cosmologiques. On rencontre ainsi des éléments du temps, comme les quatre Saisons (Tropai) ou les Mois (Ménès), la Terre (Gê) parfois accompagnée de ses Fruits (Karpoi), certains astres comme le Soleil (Hélios), la Lune (Séléné), parfois accompagnés du Zodiaque, l’Élément marin féminin (Thalassa) ou masculin (Okéanos, Abyssos) et les quatre Fleuves du Paradis (Géon, Phison, Tigre et Euphrate). Cette présente thèse se propose d’étudier chacune de ces personnifications, leur iconographie et leur symbolique, en contexte religieux, mais aussi profane, dans une analyse stylistique et comparative. Cette étude a ainsi pour but de mettre en relief la spécificité de cette partie orientale de l’Empire romain, entre le IVe et le VIe siècle, et d’insister sur la pérennité de la culture grecque et de ses traditions iconographiques, malgré un changement de religion officielleOne of the primordial questions in the study of Late Antiquity concerns the transition from the ancient polytheistic religion to Christianity. The archaeological discoveries that have been made in the Eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin have revealed a number of late Christian (or Jewish) pavements decorated with rich polychrome mosaics that reuse figures stemming from the Greek iconographic tradition, which include personifications of cosmological elements. In this manner elements of time can be encountered, such as the Four Seasons (Tropai) or the Months (Menes), the Earth (Ge) sometimes surrounded by her Fruits (Karpoi), specific celestial bodies such as the Sun (Helios), the Moon (Selene), sometimes accompanied by the Zodiac, the female marine Element (Thalassa) or the male (Okeanos, Abyssos) and the four Rivers of Paradise (Geon, Phison, Tiger and Euphrates). This thesis makes a stylistic and comparative analysis of each of these personifications, their iconography and their symbolism, in a religious context, but also in a secular one. The object of this study is to emphasise the specificity of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire between the Fourth and the Sixth centuries. And also to insist in particular on the longevity of the Greek culture and its iconographic traditions, despite an official change in religion
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Sánchez-Dehesa, Galán Sol. "Contribution à l’évaluation de la variation interne des industries acheuléennes : le cas de Garba I (Melka Kunture, Ethiopie)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100006/2020PA100006.pdf.
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Ce travail de recherche, axé sur le matériel du site de Garba I (Melka Kunture, Ethiopie), explore la variation interne des productions lithiques de la période Acheuléenne, en tenant compte de l’état technique des pièces et du niveau de savoir-faire des tailleurs. À partir d’une analyse qualitative des pièces, elle montre l’impact que ces facteurs individuels peuvent avoir dans l’apparence des pièces, et leur importance pour une bonne compréhension des intentions sous-jacentes à la taille. En conséquence, ce travail a été structuré pour intégrer aux mieux ce concepts en fonction des caractéristiques du matériel, le but ultime étant de saisir les comportements des hominiens qui ont occupé le territoire de Melka Kunture, à l’époque de Garba I, tant aux niveau des techniques employées que de l’organisation des activités. Les résultats de l’étude mettent en évidence une forte standardisation dans la production des pièces bifaciales, et une maîtrise remarquable de la percussion conchoïdale, selon deux techniques, appliquées au façonnage, qui dépassent l’explication d’un simple processus de réduction, amenant à une forme non intentionnelle, par gestes stéréotypés. Ce travail nous a également permis d’identifier un procédé technique particulier (le coup du tranchet), à valeur de marqueur culturel, et de relever l’importance du petit outillage retouché et des outils de percussion, et encore d’entrevoir de possibles liens entre les industries acheuléennes et le Middle Stone Age. Ce travail se décline en trois parties : 1) état de la question sur l’Acheuléen africain et les différentes approches employées pour son étude ; 2) contexte régional et macro-régional ; 3) contexte de déposition des vestiges, chronologie, et état de conservation ; 4) méthodologie utilisée pour l’étude ; 5) discussion des résultats et remise en contexteThis research focuses on the analysis of Acheulean lithic material from the site of Garba I (Melka Kunture, Ethiopia). Specifically, this study explores internal variability in the technical repertoires that underlie the production of lithic artefacts at the site, by considering the technical stages involved in their manufacture and the knappers’ technological savoir-faire (know-how). Through this qualitative approach it becomes possible to assess the influence of individual factors on the morphology of the tools, and their relative importance for understanding the intentions that underlie the knapping. This study integrates these concepts based on the characteristics of the assemblage; the ultimate goal being to understand the behaviour of the hominins that occupied Melka Kunture at the time of Garba I, both in terms of the techniques employed and the organisation of the activites. The results highlight the highly standardised nature of bifacial artefacts at the site, and the knappers’ remarkable control over conchoïdal percussion using two particular techniques, applied during their façonnage, which cannot be explained as simple reduction processes that create unintended forms through stereotypical knapping gestures. The identification in the assemblage of a specific technical procedure (the coup de tranchet) that has value as a cultural marker, as well as an important component of small retouched tools and percussive implements, suggests potential links between the Acheulean and Middle Stone Age industries.This work is divided into three parts: 1) current issues about the African Acheulean and the approaches previously employed to study it; 2) the regional context; 3) the depositional context of the archaeological materials at Garba I, their chronology and state of preservation; 4) methodology employed in this study, and; 5) discussion of the results and their significance in the context of the African Acheulean
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Szabó, Györgyi. "Évolution des systèmes complexes : une étude des travaux philosophiques d'Ervin Laszlo, de la théorie des systèmes à la théorie d'un champ universel d'information." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H011/document.
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Cette thèse est une étude des travaux d’Ervin Laszlo sur cinquante ans. Elle met en valeur ses idées les plus importantes, les événements et les moments charnières de l’évolution de sa pensée qui l’ont conduit à sa position philosophique actuelle ; elle passe en revue les étapes du voyage philosophique de Laszlo à la découverte et vers la compréhension de « la manière dont les choses sont » et de « la manière dont les choses deviennent » en termes d’évolution des systèmes complexes, ainsi que du but et de la signification de la vie humaineA study of fifty years of philosophical work by Ervin Laszlo, highlighting the most important ideas, events and turning points in the thinking that led to his present-day philosophical position. This thesis reviews Laszlo’s philosophical voyage towards his uncovering and understanding of how things are and how things are becoming in terms of the evolution of complex systems as well as the purpose and meaning of human life
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Sorokina, Alfia. "Re-Inventing the Past, Defining the Future: Historical Representations and Regional Development in the Russian Northwest." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/12910.
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This work explores the connections between the constructed representations of places based on local histories, the processes of tradition reinvention and the strategies of regional development in two Russian regions. This analysis also outlines the context created by the external to the regions influences and the associated with them local conditions.
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Mauricio, David E. "Jaranan of East Java: An Ancient Tradition in Modern Times." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7082.
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Toledo, Alejandro. "World music, creative reinterpretation, and the East Moldavian Roma tradition." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2013. http://research.gold.ac.uk/9691/.
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This study explores creative engagement with the East Moldavian Roma music tradition as a reflexive process that expands and enriches personal performance practice. It examines how a hermeneutic approach to understanding and reinterpreting the EMR musical tradition may be fed into one’s own performances, improvisations, and compositions, and how this engagement might be contextualized within an over-arching concept of World Music. Moreover, the study considers what transcription and analysis strategies might be employed in the service of this creative reinterpretation, and the strengths and weaknesses of such strategies. Ultimately, the research illustrates an insider’s account of becoming part of the current World Music scene through a process of reinterpretation that leads to new ways of being in the world. This is a process that captures the notion of a ‘changing self’, a metamorphosis of the self and the music one performs.
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Hashim, Mohd Nasir. "Regenerating interest in traditional music styles through east/west compositions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268949.
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Uchino, Megumi. "Songket of Palembang : socio-cultural and economic change in a South Sumatran textile tradition." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6434.
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Fox, Susan P. "The demise of Cockneys? : language change in London's 'traditional' East End." Thesis, University of Essex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438260.
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Messoloras, Irene Rose. "East meets West arranging traditional Greek folk songs for modern chorus /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666907321&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (D.M.A.)--UCLA, 2008.Vita. Part II consists of six traditional Greek folk songs transcribed and arranged for mixed chorus and women's chorus. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-83) and discography (leaves 84-85).
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Mbandezelo, Mongikazi. "Bioactive compounds in a Manayi traditional medicinal product from East London." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2450.
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Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.In Africa, herbal medicines are often used as primary treatments for a variety of ailments and diseases including HIV/AIDS and for HIV-related problems. In general, traditional medicines are not well researched scientifically in controlled studies, and are poorly regulated. Since the pharmacological effectiveness of natural products is affected by several native and foreign factors, studies on the variations of chemical composition and biological activity of these medicines are necessary. The processes of investigating plants to identify chemical substances are of great interest to natural product researchers because there is a need to discover new drugs for treating old and new diseases. These facts underscore an urgent need to develop new anti HIV and AIDS drugs with fewer or no side effects. Research into drug discovery and development using natural products is increasingly becoming better established. Marine organisms as a source of natural products delivered numerous novel compounds with multiple pharmacological properties. Natural products give endless opportunities for discovering novel compounds that can be used as drugs or backbones of drug leads. Manayi is a natural product that has been used to treat and manage people with HIV, but no scientific studies have been done to prove its efficacy on the HIV under controlled conditions. For the purposes of this study, cooked and uncooked Manayi product was evaluated for its efficacy on HIV in vitro. Manayi samples were collected in East London, Eastern Cape and sequentially extracted with hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, butanol, methanol, and water as a series of increasingly polar solvents for its bioactive chemical constituents.
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Chalupnik, Wieslaw. "A re-examination of the traditional location of Mount Sinai." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Oi, Yasuyuki. "Studies on traditional staple food and indigenous saccharified beverages in East Africa." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145420.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11075号
農博第1440号
新制||農||897(附属図書館)
学位論文||H16||N3956(農学部図書室)
22607
UT51-2004-J747
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 北畠 直文, 教授 大東 肇, 教授 荒木 茂
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Caunce, Stephen Andrew. "Farming with horses in the East Riding of Yorkshire : some aspects of recent agricultural history." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328699.
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Burt, B. W. "Tradition and Christianity in east Kwara'ae: the colonial transformation of a Solomon Islands society." Thesis, University of London, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572847.
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Lin, Pei-Ying. "Precepts and lineage in Chan tradition : cross-cultural perspectives in ninth century East Asia." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14241/.
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Manaseer, Mousa A. L. "The determinants of Islamic and traditional bank profitability : evidence from the Middle East." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438775.
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Wyatt, Linda Gale. "Adult student satisfaction with overall learning experiences at East Tennessee State University." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2000. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1110100-182617/unrestricted/Wyatt.pdf.
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Zhang, Shouhong. "Students' perceptions of multimedia classrooms at East Tennessee State University." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1107102-151006/unrestricted/ZhangS111302b.pdf.
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Wimber, K. Michelle. "Four Greco-Roman Era Temples of Near Eastern Fertility Goddesses: An Analysis of Architectural Tradition." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1277.
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Lucian, writing in the mid-second century AD, recorded his observations of an "exotic" local cult in the city of Hierapolis in what is today Northern Syria. The local goddess was known as Dea Syria to the Romans and Atargatis to the Greeks. Lucian's so-named De Dea Syria is an important record of life and religion in Roman Syria. De Dea Syria presents to us an Oriental cult of a fertility goddess as seen through the eyes of a Hellenized Syrian devotee and religious ethnographer. How accurate Lucian's portrayal of the cult is questionable, though his account provides for us some indication that traditional religious practices were still being observed in Hierapolis despite Greek and Roman colonization. The origins of Near Eastern fertility goddesses began in the Bronze Age with the Sumerian goddess Inanna who was later associated with the Semitic Akkadian deity Ishtar. The worship of Ishtar spread throughout the Near East as a result of both Babylonian and Assyrian conquests. In Syria some of the major sites of her worship were located in Ebla and Mari. The later Phoenician and Canaanite cultures also adopted the worship of Ishtar melding her into their religions under the names of Astarte and Asherah respectively. By the Greco-Roman era, the Nabataeans and Palmyrenes also worshipped a form of the Near Eastern fertility goddess, calling her by many names including Atargatis, Astarte, al-Uzza and Allat. The Greeks and Romans found parallels between this eastern goddess and their deities and added her to their pantheons. Through this process of adoption and adaptation, the worship of this goddess naturally changed. In her many guises, Atargatis was worshipped not only at Hierapolis in the Greco-Roman period, but also at Delos, Dura Europos, and Khirbet et-Tannur. At all of these centers of worship vestiges of traditional practices retained in the cult were apparent. It is necessary to look at the cult as a whole to understand more fully whether her cult retained its original Oriental character or was partially or fully Hellenized. Temple architecture is an important part of Atargatis' cult which is often overlooked in the analysis of her cult. This thesis examines whether Atargatis' cult remained Oriental or became Hellenized by tracing the historical development of the temple architecture, associated cult objects, and decoration from their traditional origins down to the introduction of Greco-Roman styles into the Near East.
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Li, Rong. "When West Meets East: Communicative Language Teaching in China." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2237.pdf.
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Håkansson, Daniel. "Barbarerna från väst : Japanernas syn på västvärlden under 1800-talet i texter tagna ur Sources of Japanese tradition och The Iwakura embassy /." Växjö : Växjö University. School of Humanities, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:206072/FULLTEXT01.
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North-Coleman, Cheryl M. "From easy rider to easy writer an examination of non-traditional writers and their road to literacy /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 248 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654500721&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Shirungu, Michael M. J. "The use of medicinal plants to treat mental illness in Kavango East and West regions, Namibia." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5573.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe thesis examines mental illness as it is understood and treated by traditional healers in Kavango, based on ethnographic data collected over twelve (12) months in three (3) different phases from 2014 to 2016. The thesis offers ethnographic material and theoretical insight on the socio-cultural construction of three common mental disorders (CMD) which were identified and treated by traditional healers: Nyambi, Kasenge and Ndjangura. I employed the ‘cultural models’ of Dahlberg et al (2010, p. 282) as a framework to understand mental illness and its treatment by traditional healers - who deal with sick persons on a daily basis. The three common mentally related illnesses appear to be specific to the Kavango people, based on their cultural settings. I argue that these mental illness categories are not fixed or objective, but rather reflect the expertise of the Vanganga (Traditional healers) who identify them, and ultimately treat the afflicted. While traditional healers themselves assume that these local notions of mental illness are static, in reality they are not. Rather, these are active concepts constituted by culturally and socially relative categories whose precise boundaries and meanings vary and are highly contested. It was evident that the conceptualization (expression of belief patterns, thoughts and ideas) by the Vanganga (Traditional healers) of the three local mentally related illnesses differed, in the ways they perceived and treated similar conditions. The manner in which these perceived signs and symptoms informed their diagnoses differed, but also overlapped: in terms of basic assumptions that underlay explanations and treatment, and the ways in which the conditions became manifest. The thesis postulates that Traditional healers form part of the local health care system, historically unregulated. There have been calls for the recognition and regulation of traditional healers and their medicines, but to date such recognition and regulation has, if anything, been sporadic, insufficient and controversial. In response to this I provide a new way of classifying traditional healers in Kavango and propose the use of three categories: Kangangwena (assistant traditional healer), Nganga (general traditional healer) and Nkurunganga (expert traditional healer). The thesis discusses the cultural epistemology of traditional healing concerning the use of medicinal plants as treatment for mental illness. Plant knowledge and its application by traditional healers is explored, with the emphasis on the medicinal plants used to treat various mentally related illnesses. In addition, administration methods and the medicinal plants used in the treatment of mental illness are examined. I argue that medicinal plants are believed to possess powers that need to be "enticed or seduced" by healers, in order to produce a therapeutic effect on the muveri (sick person). I contend that medicinal plants are perceived to have an agentivity which is embedded in the community and people who utilize them. Thus, I intend to show that medicinal plants have power that work at different levels via ritual healing ceremonies and communication to the ancestors, as a way of "seducing" them to bring forth their therapeutic effect on the sick person. The plants in question were "seduced" inter alia by boiling, powdering, crushing and soaking, to increase their rate of reaction and generate more therapeutic power. A total of 37 medicinal plant species belonging to 24 families were reported to be used traditionally in Kavango regions in Namibia, to treat the five different categories of mental disorders. The most reported use of plants was of Albizia tanganyicensis, Ancylanthos rubiginosus, Bobgunnia madagascariensis, Dialium engleranum Diospyros virgata, Elaeodendron transvaalense and Guibourtia coleosperma. Roots and leaves were most frequently used in treatment. Remedies were prepared by boiling, while oral intake and steaming were most commonly used by healers to administer them.
National Research Foundation (NRF) and National Commission on Research Science and Technology (NCRST)
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Wanjeri, Michael Maina. "Language and gender : Male domination among the Kikuyu of Kenya, East Africa." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-272.
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Language and gender is one of the most intriguing and interesting areas in sociolinguistic study. It investigates how men and women (or boys and girls) use language differently in social contexts.
Extensive study and research has been carried out in this field, particularly in regard to the English language. Eminent linguists such as Ronald Wardhaugh, David Crystal, Ralph Fasold, and Deborah Tannen have studied varying male-female use of the English language. They have also attempted comparison with other languages and cultures. Wardhaugh, for instance, has studied male-female use of language in English, American-Indian languages (such as Gros Ventre), Asian and Oriental languages (Yukaghir, Japanese) among others, and his findings have become the subject of several of his published works.
In their investigations they have found that almost invariably, the way men use language shows them to be socially dominant over women. This persists even in such cases as in the Malagasy language spoken in Madagascar, where men display linguistic characteristics more popularly associated with women and vice versa (Wardhaugh).
This paper seeks to determine whether men use language to dominate women among the Kikuyu ethnic group of Kenya, East Africa, to which I belong. Areas such as terms used to refer to men and women, taboo language and language use in marital situations are examined, among others. I also attempt to find out what influence this has had on English spoken in Kenya.
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Samir, H. H. "Iraqi architecture between tradition and modernity : re-creating the urban identity of Basra, the 'Venice of the East'." Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/44642/.
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Unfortunately, in recent years Iraqi traditional architecture and urban identity have been deeply affected by three wars, which challenged the cultural memory of the local people and in particular of young generations. This research focuses on the city of Basra to investigate the material features of the Iraqi architecture and to develop guidelines to steer the maintenance of the architectural and urban identity. Thanks to its long history, Basra is rich in cultural heritage. In particular, the numerous canals are a very specific feature, gaining to the city the nickname of “Venice of the East”. However, the three big wars in Iraq -1980, 1991 and 2003- greatly affected the architectural identity of Basra. During these wars, the city was under attack from bombs and grenades every day and as a result of this, most of the heritage and architectural landmarks were lost. Following the last war, many developers carried out different projects in Basra adopting foreign and alien designs, which reflect their ideological culture, far from the city’s spirit and not respectful of the local history and identity. The reconstruction of Basra has been put forward disregarding the identity of the city and threatening the authenticity of the urban landscape and the architectural identity. This research adopted a mixed method strategy in order to identify the main features of the architectural identity in Basra city and to assess the threats to the traditional identity during the city development process. Following a survey and a set of semi-structured interviews, three neighbourhoods have been selected within the city, to offer examples of architectural typologies and urban morphologies from three different periods: Ottoman, British and contemporary. In addition to secondary data sources such as archival documents, an in-depth field study has been conducted for each of these neighbourhoods, including gathering observations from experts and local residents. Evidence from primary data collected shows that a lack of awareness among local people exists about the value of heritage and traditional architecture, especially among young people. Furthermore, there is a gap in the knowledge of what are the main features, which made the Iraqi architecture unique, as well as, there is a lack of instruments supporting local professionals and practitioners willing to preserve the local identity in architecture and urban design. Improving social awareness and understanding the traditional architecture's value of Basra is an essential route to create a cultural resilience facing the loss of the local identity. Failure to address the local knowledge also depends on a lack of documentation on the tangible heritage of the city. This raises a serious question about what needs to be done to preserve the city identity and what strategy needs to be taken into consideration for the future of the city. Based on the findings of the empirical study and the opinions of experts, a set of guidelines for preserving the future identity of Basra has been first developed and then validated through a focus group. The guidelines aim at supporting professionals, architects, planners and Iraqi's decision makers to maintaining the architectural identity. More in general, the guidelines offer a feasible example of an alternative, novel approach to steering the Iraqi architectural and urban future towards a different path, respectful of its extraordinary roots.
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Russell, Loren. "The Holy Spirit in the early East Syrian baptismal tradition with particular emphasis on the writings of St. Ephrem /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Wu, Hsin-Che. "Evaluating the role of Confucian tradition in the prospects and limits of political change in four East Asian societies." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6931/.
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Confucian society is one of the major cultural and social systems of East Asia. There have been long-standing scholarly debates about whether Confucian societies can produce or maintain a democratic regime; and in more recent years discussion of why there are several Confucian societies that can democratise yet some of them cannot. In order to contribute to these debates, this thesis conducts an analysis of China, Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea to explore and explain the following issues by comparative strategy: why have some Confucian societies democratised yet some of them have not? What is the role of traditional legacies from the pre-democratic dynasties and how does this political culture shape contemporary Confucian societies and their capacity to produce and sustain democratic politics? What is the role of economic and social modernisation in contemporary Confucian societies in the development of democracy? What role is played by ruling parties and leader’s attitudes and choices when they face claims for democracy from society? How do these three factors - legacies, modernisation and ruler’s choices - shape successful and unsuccessful cases of democratic change in East Asia? Evaluating these factors by comparative qualitative and quantitative strategy, this thesis concludes: the ruling parties and leaders strategies for democracy are quite different between successful and unsuccessful cases. In China and Singapore, the leadership can unite and deploy a pseudo-democracy to respond to democratic claims of society; yet in Taiwan and South Korea, non-democratic leaderships could not sustain their rule, and they even chose to cooperate with opponents for survival. Secondly, the traditional legacies that emerged from the pre-democratic imperial system are the elements to hinder development of democracy rather than Confucianism itself. In China and Singapore, these legacies are selectively chosen by leaders to serve their official ideologies, yet in Taiwan and South Korea, rulers could not sustain their ability to manipulate these legacies. Modernisation in China and Singapore is controlled officially so it serves and consolidates non-democratic rule; but in Taiwan and Singapore, the modernisation process was not totally controlled by non-democratic rulers and instead promoted democratisation in these societies. Comparing these factors, the attitude and unity of rulers seems the influential factor for this debate. If non-democratic rulers can remain united in their strategy, traditional legacies for serving non-democratic rule will be strengthened, and the effects of modernisation for democracy will continue to be limited. However, because the younger generation demonstrates positive attitudes to democratic values and against traditional legacies, this situation could still change in the long run.
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McGovern, Ruth. "A non-traditional ethnographic study into crack cocaine cultures in an area in the North East of England." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/840.
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Heavy-end drug use is a widely studied topic, however much of the research within the field considers the phenomenon from perspectives of individual or social pathology, devoid of any pleasure or meaning-making potential for the user. In order to gain rich understanding of the local heavy-end crack cocaine culture, this thesis utilises a methodology of ‘non-traditional ethnography’ wherein my ‘player’ role as a drug treatment practitioner replaces the traditional approach of ‘insider’ within ethnographic research. This positioning compliments the in-depth interviews which I have conducted with 25 heavyend crack cocaine users from an area of the North East of England. Despite the area being believed to be largely unaffected by crack cocaine, an established and evolving local crack cocaine market was found to exist. The market and distribution networks were found to be extremely complex and multi-faceted and as much a social market as an economic market. In contrast to the image of the ‘powerless addict’, users were found to often be calculated consumers, who had developed sufficient knowledge and skill to negotiate their way around this alternative consumer culture. Indeed, the development of finely honed skills was a key theme throughout the study, resulting in the application of Stephen Lyng’s edgework concept. The development of this alternative conceptual vocabulary is found to have significant implications for understanding heavy-end crack cocaine use and crack cocaine treatment approaches.
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Crabtree, Donna Sue. "A study of students' learning styles in ITV broadcast, remote, and traditional classrooms at East Tennessee State University." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0318103-213844/unrestricted/CrabtreeD032703f.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--East Tennessee State University, 2003.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0318103-213844. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Bhattacharyya-Panda, Nandini. "The English East India Company and the Hindu laws of property in Bengal, 1765-1801 : appropriation and invention of tradition." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307424.
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Brudenell, Matthew Joseph. "Pots, practice and society : an investigation of pattern and variability in the post-deverel rimbury ceramic tradition of East Anglia." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14230/.
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Pots were once the basis on which most understandings of British prehistory were founded. In the middle decades of the twentieth century, ceramic studies were fundamental to tracking the origins, history and extent of cultural traditions throughout Britain and beyond. But over the course of the last 40 years, this once central role of pottery has significantly diminished, to the extent that today, we rarely see pottery as anything but a dating tool. This was not always the way, and though we might query the equations made between pots and people by previous generations, we have arguably lost sight of how to harness this material to other forms of social narrative. Despite having more pottery'than ever before, with few exceptions, we have reverted to asking a restricted range of questions of this material, and as a result, have yielded answers which seldom chime with the interests of those beyond a narrow specialist community. In short, pots rarely seem to matter anymore, and like other categories of artefact, are accorded far less significance when compared to the evidence of landscapes and settlement architectures. This thesis redresses some of these imbalances in the context of later prehistoric research. It brings pottery back into focus as a material that allows us make substantive statements about the past. Specifically, it tracks the character and regional development of Late Bronze Age (c. 1100-800 BC) and Early Iron Age (c. 800-350 BC) Post-Deverel Rimbury pottery in Ea'st Anglia, and establishes the social context of ceramic production and -consumption. In doing so, it draws together a vast body of published and unpublished material amassed in the last few decades, and tackles the issue of how ceramic traditions were implicated in the constitution of social identities.
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Wilkinson, Jennifer. "Mark and his Gentile audience : a traditio-historical and socio-cultural investigation of Mk 4.35-9.29 and its interface with Gentile polytheism in the Roman Near East." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4428/.
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This thesis takes a novel, inter-disciplinary approach to an examination of the Markan evangelist’s portrayal of Jesus’ interface with Gentiles in a central section of his Gospel (Mk 4.35-9.29). As a framework to this section, Mark created a connected account of Jesus’ itinerary that included trips to perform miracles in the Gentile territories of Gerasa, Tyre, Bethsaida, the wider Decapolis and Caesarea Philippi. This thesis examines the role of these pericopae in the narrative as a whole and challenges the view that Mark’s geographical references were largely symbolic, rural and for the most part aimed at Jewish followers. The study scrutinizes Mark’s choice of geographical locations, systematically examines recent research on the religious milieu in these specific locations and brings this research into connection with the Gentile mission portrayed by Mark. The polytheistic and social environment in which Mark’s first century audience functioned has received little attention in recent scholarship and represents a lacuna in New Testament historical-critical research which this study addresses. A detailed exegesis of this section of the narrative concludes that Mark (a) deliberately redacts his text to place miracles in geographical regions where Gentiles predominate; (b) emphasizes obduracy and faithlessness on the part of Jewish officialdom and the Jewish disciples, in contrast to an implied understanding on the part of the Gentiles; (c) orchestrates a prolonged and sustained Jesus mission to the Gentiles as a precursor to his own community’s mission, to respond to their need for support and reassurance and (d) formulates his narrative to engage with his intended first century audience's Graeco-Roman religious and social worldview, inviting them to make comparison between the activities of Jesus and other contemporary miracle-performing men and polytheistic gods.
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Nyarenchi, M. K. N. (Matwetwe). "A theological ethical assessment of homosexuality in the east African context : a Seventh-Day Adventist perspective." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23854.
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In the world in which we are living today many people, especially Christians, wonder why people should talk about homosexuality. For many past years, the Christian Church, especially in East Africa, considered herself more or less immune from many of the challenges, experienced by the rest of the world, particularly the Western world. However, as the church now continues to grow in numbers and expand its territories, these problems start to appear in the church also all over East Africa. Increasingly the consciousness of the society is being raised concerning social-ethical issues such as women's rights, battered children, single parent families, teenage pregnancy, wife beating and of course homosexuality. As a result such issues are widely discussed within the church and outside, sometimes causing a rift within the church. Such has been the case with homosexuality. Recently at a Seventh-day Adventist Church camp meeting in East Africa, a debate in a Bible study on the ethics of homosexuality as perceived by the Seventh-day Adventist Church paved the way for divisions in the church, which has left church members in four categories (groups) namely: culturalist, rejectionist, reinterpretationist and the reaffirmationist. Unfortunately the debate closed without a definite conclusion as to what should be the normative basis for the theological ethical evaluation of homosexuality by the Seventh-day Adventist Church in East Africa. The issue was whether the Bible, culture or both the Bible and culture should be the normative basis and also as to what theological ethical guidance does the Bible provide for the ethical evaluation of homosexuality in the present-day context. The dissertation surveys definitions and causes of sexuality, and traces some of the background from the pre-modem to the postmodern era reflecting on the definitions and causes of homosexuality, and it also traces some of the historical background regarding homosexual practices and views on homosexuality. It also discusses and assesses the Cultural beliefs on homosexuality in East Africa. The study also looks at the Biblical texts that refer to or are thought to refer to homosexuality and "examines" the claims made in much of the "gays" literature with reference to these texts. Other texts used by over-zealous Christians bent on finding condemnation of homosexuality through Scripture. During the East African pre modem era, sexuality, including homosexuality was not publicly discussed. The whole subject was encircled by a halo of secrecy and hedged around by innumerable East African taboos. When this silence is combined with the absence of written documentation on the cultures and histories of many parts of East Africa, the difficulties of accessing traditional understanding of homosexuality and sexuality become immense. One can conclude that it will be a serious mistake for the Seventh-day Adventist Church in East Africa to make East African culture normative in the ethical evaluation of homosexuality since: (i) Oral East African tradition does not really provide any moral view on homosexuality. To read into the silence on homosexuality the moral condemnation of homosexuality is not acceptable. (ii) Homosexual practices, in a ritualized form, are not foreign to East African culture. (iii) The strong condemnation of homosexuality in East Africa is often politically and ideologically inspired. This dissertation advocates the need for the Seventh-day Adventist Church in East Africa to use the Bible alone, Old and New Testament, being the written word of God, given by divine inspiration through holy men of God who spoke and wrote as they were moved by the Holy Spirit, as the infallible revelation of God's will. The Bible is the standard of character, the test of experience, the authoritative revealer of doctrines, and trustworthy record of God's acts in history and therefore is central in any formulation concerning homosexuality, whether theological or ethical evaluation and therefore should be used as the only normative basis for the ethical evaluation of homosexuality.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Dogmatics and Christian Ethics
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Wright, Lorie Ann. "Waiting for Mary Jane: A Collection of Modern Appalachian Short Stories in the Joycean Tradition." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0719102-105034/unrestricted/WrightL080602.pdf.
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Savinder, Kaur Karpal Singh Ross William. "Traditional knowledge of the environment and natural resource management : The Jakun of the South-East Pahang Peat Swamp Forest, Malaysia /." Abstract Full Text (Mahidol member only), 2008. http://10.24.101.3/e-thesis/2551/cd423/4638536.pdf.
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Langer, Kaja. "Angekommen, ohne unterwegs gewesen zu sein : the continuity of literary tradition in East German writing after unification : a comparison with Bitterfeld literature." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394555.
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Before 1989 West German critics commonly afforded DDR-Literatur credibility and praise to the extent that it criticised its society of origin. Yet, since 1990 the dominant voices of the Western Littaturbetrieh have changed their tune considerably. GDR literature now conjures up almost exclusively negative connotations, indicated by the expressions Gesinnungsusthetik, Gesinnungskitsch, Stillhalteliteratur and Sedativ, and former dissidents, in particular, have accused authors of having prolonged the life of the East German Unrechtsregime. Liberal and right-wing commentators have confidently pronounced its end, suggesting that a socially and politically committed literature should be viewed as a dark chapter to be closed forever and buried alongside the idea of any prospect for a socialist alternative. However, despite the declaration of its death, DDR-Literatur is still alive and flourishing in many respects. This thesis examines the remarkable continuities in East German literature before and after 1989. A distinction is drawn between the prose traditions developed under the literary guidelines set out for authors in the GDR and the new restrictions imposed on authors after Unification. It is argued that firstly GDR literature has survived the Wende and secondly that a type of literature has evolved which shares similarities in form and content to its state approved predecessor. The era of the Bitterfelder Weg (1959-1971) and its underlying political and aesthetic concept of Socialist Realism have been chosen as a practical means and theoretical framework for assessing the continuities in East German writing before and after Unification. The possibility that we might be witnessing the emergence of a new literary epoch of 'Capitalist Realism' - not significantly different from its socialist counterpart - is explored throughout.
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Hashimoto, Satoru. "Afterlives of the Culture: Engaging with the Trans-East Asian Cultural Tradition in Modern Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese Literatures, 1880s-1940s." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064962.
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This dissertation examines how modern literature in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan in the late-nineteenth to the early-twentieth centuries was practiced within contexts of these countries' deeply interrelated literary traditions. Premodern East Asian literatures developed out of a millennia-long history of dynamic intra-regional cultural communication, particularly mediated by classical Chinese, the shared traditional literary language of the region. Despite this transnational history, modern East Asian literatures have thus far been examined predominantly as distinct national processes. Challenging this conventional approach, my dissertation focuses on the translational and intertextual relationships among literary works from China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, and argues that these countries' writers and critics, while transculturating modern Western aesthetics, actively engaged with the East Asian cultural tradition in heterogeneous ways in their creations of modern literature. I claim that this transnational tradition was fundamentally involved in the formation of national literary identities, and that it enabled East Asian literati to envision alternative forms of modern civilization beyond national particularity.
The dissertation is divided into three parts according to the region's changing linguistic conditions. Part I, "Proto-Nationalisms in Exile, 1880s-1910s," studies the Chinese literatus Liang Qichao's interrupted translation and adaptations of a Japanese political novel by the ex-samurai writer Shiba Shiro and the Korean translation and adaptations of Liang Qichao's political literature by the historian Sin Ch'aeho. While these writers created in transitional pre-vernacular styles directly deriving from classical Chinese, authors examined in Part II, "Modernism as Self-Criticism, 1900s-1930s," wrote in newly invented literary vernaculars. This part considers the critical essays and the modernist aesthetics of fiction by Lu Xun, Yi Kwangsu, and Natsume Soseki, founding figures of modern national literature in China, Korea, and Japan, respectively. Part III, "Transcolonial Resistances, 1930s-40s," addresses the wartime period, when the Japanese Empire exploited the regional civilizational tradition to fabricate the rhetoric of the legitimacy of its colonial rule. This part especially explores the semicolonial Chinese writer Zhou Zuoren, and the colonial Korean and Taiwanese writers Kim Saryang and Long Yingzong, who leveraged that same civilizational tradition and the critiques thereof, in order to deconstruct Japanese cultural imperialism outside of nationalist discourses.East Asian Languages and Civilizations
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Wafula, Magdaline N. "‘Tradition’ versus ‘modernity’: generational conflict in Vuta n'Kuvute, Kufa Kuzikana, Msimu wa Vipepeo and Tumaini." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-90642.
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The paper focuses on generational conflicts as depicted in four Swahili novels namely: Vuta N’kuvute, Kufa Kuzikana, Msimu wa Vipepeo and Tumaini. Generational conflicts depicted in the novels are seen as a contest between tradition and modernity when viewed against the cultural changes that have taken place within the East African societies. Authors have dep-loyed narrative voice and focalization narrative techniques to communicate the implied au-thor’s ideological stance on the notions of tradition and modernity in respect to the conflicting issues captured in each novel.
Section two highlights some postulations about the concepts of ‘modernity’ and ‘tradition’. The third section discusses the concepts of generation and generational conflicts while the fourth focuses on narrative voice and focalization as the narrative strategies that reveal gene-rational conflicts portrayed in the four novels. The final section is the conclusion relating the ideological stance of the implied author in relation to the concepts of modernity and tradition.
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Mulaudzi, N. (Nkhumiseni). "Ancestral consultation : a comparative study of Ancient Near Eastern and African religious practices with reference to 1 Samuel 28:3-25." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41370.
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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the African and the
Ancient Near Eastern tradition with regard to the ancestral consultation. 1 Samuel 28:3-25 was used
as a point of departure. This text was used because it is the only text in the Hebrew Bible that shows
the act of consulting the dead except those texts explicitly condemning the act.
The study was divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 focused on the introduction and the research
problem. Chapter 2 focused on the study of 1 Samuel 28:3-25 and this was done via and intratextual
and intertextual analysis. The intratextual analysis of 1 Samuel 28:3-25 focused on the
interrelatedness of the text on its literally level. This was done by means of a morphological,
syntactical and structural analysis. The intertextual analysis focused on 1 Samuel 28:3-25 in relation
with other texts in the Hebrew Bible, especially with reference to the practice of ancestral
consultation.
In Chapter 3 the main focus was on the Ancient Near Eastern tradition with regard to ancestral
consultation and thus focused upon extratextual material. In this chapter, Mesopotamian and
Israelite cultural practices were mainly considered. Customs relating to the act of consulting the
dead were studied. It included funerary customs, death and mourning rites, the place and role of the
dead in society. The study concluded that the act of ancestral consultation in the Ancient Near East
was part of their religion. In Ancient Israel, however, it was prohibited by Yahwistic religion.
Chapter 4 focused on ancestral consultation in African tradition. In this chapter, personal
knowledge and experience were also important. Ancestral consultation in Africa is still a living
tradition. The role of the ancestors was studied and also the role that the living have in relation to
their ancestors. In this chapter the role of Christianity in Africa played pivotal role because
Christianity shaped African religion of today. It is clear from the study that African Christianity still
pays tribute to their dead relatives as they are believed to be closer to God. Both Christians and
those who practice traditional religion agree on the role of the ancestors.
In Chapter 5 the researcher brought together the information in Chapters 1 to 4. In that sense it can
be regarded as the climax of the investigation into ancestral consultation as an ancient and modern
cultural and religious practice. This chapter contains a comparison between African and Ancient
Near Eastern tradition regarding ancestral consultation. The chapter indicates that there is a lot to
compare between the two traditions, but one needs to consider the differences in time, religious
perceptions, geography, economic and political background of the two traditions. This should
especially be considered in evaluating the Ancient Near Eastern tradition because it is in the
“archive”; we can only read and learn about it with reference to available sources, while African
tradition is an existing one.
In Chapter 6 the researcher summarised the main findings of the study with special reference to the
research problem as discussed in the first chapter.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Ancient Languages
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Flora, Bethany, Virginia Foley, Deborah Joyner, and Donald W. Good. "From Grapes to Wine: Traditional to Online Doctoral Programs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/250.
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This panel from East Tennessee State University (ETSU) shared a wide variety of opportunities and challenges in moving well-established face-to-face programs to fully online delivery formats. The panel represented a rich history of professional experience and teaching in higher education administration, PK-12 administration, and program development and marketing. Originally scheduled as a roundtable discussion, the presentation was moved to a breakout session and was well-attended. Panel members shared discussion, comments, and audience questions. Content proximal to the presentation focused on four areas involved in the collaborative move to an online delivery of a doctoral program: Notification, Development, Approval, and Implementation. However, audience participation drove discussions into areas of adult learning constructs, tuition, accreditation, and much more.
Notification as a central topic was a review of the political and historical perspectives leading to ETSU’s program change when the Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR) announced a state-level initiative to move programs to online formats. ETSU had a fortyyear history of delivering a strong and well-respected Doctor of Education program, but. as the state-level movement continued, it was clear that ETSU would lead the way with its program.
Development was the process of moving a rigorous program from the classroom to a fully online program. During this phase additional instructors were hired and resources were provided for training and curriculum change to accommodate non-traditional delivery models. Because of the state support and interest in moving this project, the program change occurred over an amazingly short time frame — approximately eight months.
Approval as a phase occurred in concert with development as course work had to meet online guidelines and many courses were reviewed through processes in the department of educational technology. Approval phase issues also addressed accreditation issues pertaining to the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools requiring online courses to retain rigor and be equivalent in content to the same or similar course delivered in a traditional construct.
Implementation emerged as a review of the issues and opportunities of practical change in delivery models. As we all have experienced, no amount of training or preparation can remove the classroom moment of loss of connectivity or the inherent difficulties of getting students comfortable with using tools in a virtual environment. Questions from the audience moved panel participants into discussions of the wide variety of university resources for graduate students in online programs, including but not limited to a myriad of library resources, technology help resources, and lower tuition rates through an online consortium that allows online students to have access to in-state tuition rates. In the panel dialogue with the audience, it appeared that the ETSU program migration, though swift, was very thorough. One area that seemed to engage all was a possibility of moving toward strengthening culture in online programming through resources for family members of graduate students in online programming.
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Moore, Lindsay Collins. "Relationships between Primary Teacher Beliefs and Practice in the Primary Classrooms of a Small Urban School in East Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1926.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to determine if a relationship existed between primary teacher beliefs, traditional or developmentally appropriate; and primary teacher practice, traditional or constructivist. A multi-case study design was employed for this qualitative research study. Eight teachers completed the Primary Teacher Questionnaire (PTQ) to determine the study group. Based on their responses to the teacher beliefs questionnaire, 3 teachers were chosen to further participate in the study. Three main research questions were analyzed with individual and cross-case analysis. Triangulation of data included observations, Assessment of Practices in Early Elementary Classrooms (APEEC) scores determined from observation data, and individual teacher interviews. The 3 teachers' initial data from the questionnaire were also used. The teacher with traditional beliefs demonstrated traditional practices. The teacher with developmentally appropriate beliefs demonstrated constructivist practices. The teacher whose beliefs fell in the middle demonstrated practices that were more constructivist than traditional.
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Corrigan, Brendan. "Different stories about the same place : interpreting narrative, practice and tradition in the East Kimberley of northern Australia and the Aru Island of Eastern Indonesia." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0083.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis interrogates the relationship of archaeological models and indigenous understandings of origins in the East Kimberley region of Northern Australia and the Aru Islands of Eastern Indonesia. Archaeological models of prehistoric migration construct these places as part of the same landmass in the recent human period and at times of lower sea levels. Yet, the indigenous groups who currently inhabit these places assert and rely upon their localised understandings of autochthony and mythological creationism. The existence of these competing models has led me to examine the degree to which the practice of archaeology in these locations constructs human prehistory in a way that necessarily disempowers the indigenous cosmology there. Below I examine the construction and content of these different stories about the same place to show how it is that they are essentially competing, conflicting and contradictory claims to truth. I show how each of these asserted cosmological positions emerge from the various cultural systems that sponsor and perpetuate them and I pay special attention to the role of institutionally authorised experts within each of the cosmological positions described. I also seek to demonstrate the ways in which the distribution of expert knowledge plays a core role in a naturalised social order and the ongoing construction of cultural identity in their respective communities. I then interrogate the relationships that these differing forms of knowledge have with each other - paying close attention to the specifics of context in which they are evoked. I conclude that the examination of how these competing claims to truth are distributed in space reveals their influence in the ongoing construction of identity in their respective communities.