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1
Forster, Michael N. "Practical Philosophy West and East." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 49, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-12340077.
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Abstract This article offers a broad-ranging comparison of practical philosophy in the West and in China with a view to enabling not only better mutual understanding between the two sides but also better self-understanding on each side. Contrary to widespread Western conceptions that Chinese practical philosophy may have contributed some important principles in first-order morality but has contributed little in the area of meta-ethics as compared to the West, it is argued here that Chinese practical philosophy did indeed make important contributions in first-order morality, but that in addition it is generally superior to Western practical philosophy in the area of meta-ethics. There are, however, certain exceptions to this rule on both sides. In the end, therefore, a comparison of the two traditions can contribute not only to a better mutual understanding, but also to a better self-understanding and improvement on each side.
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Li, Zhigang, and Jiaxing Zhu. "Assessment and spatial partitioning of ecosystem services importance in Giant Panda National Park: To provide targeted ecological protection." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 9, 2022): e0278877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278877.
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Giant Panda National Park is crucial for China’s ecological security strategic pattern known as "two screens and three belts." The importance assessment and classification of ecosystem services in giant panda national parks has an important guiding role in the protection of giant panda national park ecosystems. In this study, we examined four indicators of habitat quality: carbon storage, water conservation, and soil and water conservation. Combined with data analysis were used to evaluate and classify the importance of ecosystem services in the study area. The results showed that: (1) the overall habitat quality index in the study area was relatively high, and the index was generally greater than 0.5. The total carbon storage was 60.5 × 106 t, and the highest carbon storage in the region was 16.9533 t. The area with the highest water conservation reached 715.275 mm. The total soil conservation was 2555.7 × 107 t. (2) From the perspective of spatial characteristics, the habitat quality in the study area presented a spatial distribution pattern of high–low from west to east. The carbon storage presented a spatial distribution pattern of high–low from east to west. The soil conservation presented a spatial pattern of decreasing from west to east, and the water conservation increased from west to east. (3) We divided the research into four levels of importance: The area of general importance in the study site accounted for 1017.58 km2 and was distributed in the northwest of the study site. The moderately important areas were distributed in the east of the study site, with an area of 1142.40 km2. The highly important areas were distributed in the west of the study site, totaling 2647.84 km2. Extremely important areas were distributed in the middle, with an area of 1451.32 km2. (4) The grid cell scale of the study area was used as the dataset to determine the weighting. This makes the weighting more objective and ensures that the spatial distribution of areas with different degrees of importance will be more accurate.
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Daigneault, R., P. St-Julien, and G. O. Allard. "Tectonic evolution of the northeast portion of the Archean Abitibi greenstone belt, Chibougamau area, Quebec." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 12 (December 1, 1990): 1714–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-178.
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The Chibougamau area, occupying the northeastern part of the Abitibi greenstone belt is a large synclinorium of volcanic and sedimentary rocks enclosed within tonalitic gneisses. Several east–west–trending regional folds within this synclinorium are responsible for the vertical attitude of the strata. Synclinal structures, with youngest sediments within the core, possess axial-plane schistosity. Anticlines, on the other hand, either form domes with a core occupied by earlier tonalitic to dioritic plutons or are transected by a series of east–west-trending ductile faults (the Waconichi tectonic zone).An early deformation phase of low intensity (D1) generated broad, north–south folds without schistosity. The subsequent regional deformation, event D2, produced the large east–west folds. These deformations, in combination, produced the regional interference pattern of domes and basins. North–south horizontal shortening generated an east–west-trending schistosity associated with a vertical stretching lineation. Regional deformation at its climax produced a tightening of folds and rotation of fold axes parallel to the stretching lineation.Plutons deflected the regional east–west schistosity and formed concentric trajectories associated with "contact-strain aureoles." This produced small interaction zones or triple points characterized by strong vertical extension. These relations suggest an interference between a regional stress field, which produced north–south horizontal shortening, and local stress fields, controlled or deflected by granitoid plutons acting as competent bodies.East–west-trending ductile shear zones represent the final stage of the regional deformation. The observed northward and southward reverse movement along these east–west faults, their parallelism to the axial trace of folds, and the regional schistosity are probable evidence of a regime dominated by a coaxial strain.
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Meehan, Robert T. "Directions of ice flow during the last glaciation in counties Meath, Westmeath and Cavan." Irish Geography 32, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 26–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1999.346.
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Ice flow direction indicators in north-west County Meath and adjacent parts of Westmeath and Cavan are described. Drumlins. striae, roche moulonnees. and oilier streamlined features, as well as till fabrics, suggest a general How during glacial maximum of north-west to south-east when combined with erratic carriage data. Analysis of the configuration of ice marginal moraines and subglacially deposited esker ridges deposited during glacial retreat, as well as till fabric analysis of deglacial sediments, suggest a more complicated retreat of ice, with margins oriented south-wesI to north-east prevailing in the south and cast of the study area. Further to the west and south-west there seems to be an element of retreat towards the west, with a north-south trending ice margin. This is suggested as providing evidence for a decoupling of the ice into separate lobes in that area.
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Amelia, Siska, Ernan Rustiadi, Baba Barus, and Bambang Juanda. "Mapping the Diversity of Regional Characteristics Towards Sustainable Economic Strategic Area Development: A Case Study of West-East Corridor of West Sumatra Province." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170118.
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There are different characteristics distinguishing a region from the others, thereby, leading to the diversities in the regional potentials and problems as well as the strategic regional development policies to be implemented. The East-West Corridor is one of the eleven provincial strategic economic areas in West Sumatra. It covers nine regencies or cities and 65 sub-districts with different characteristics and typologies and this leads to diversity in the strategies to develop this area. This study aims to determine the diversity associated with the characteristics and typologies of the strategic area of the East-West Corridor. This involved using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis technique, spatial clustering analysis, and overlay analysis. Moreover, the regional characteristics and typologies were grouped based on 17 observational variables used in producing four main components including trade and tourism services, agriculture, livestock/fishery, and tourism. The results of spatial clustering analysis produced 3 clusters which are the urban, desa-kota, and rural areas while the overlay analysis produced ten regional characteristics and typologies used as the basis to make strategies and policies for each region’s development and to increase investment opportunities in the strategic area of West-East Corridor and the Province of West Sumatra in general.
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Samuel, Samuel, La Baco Sudia, and La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan. "Studi Klasifikasi Tingkat Kekumuhan di Kawasan Kumuh Boepinang di Bajo Barat dan Bajo Timur." Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jpw.v6i1.17133.
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ABSTRACT Slum areas are always a concern because of the quality of the environment that is not healthy. The method used is descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. The results of this research are the existing conditions of slum areas in Boepinang Bajo Barat and Bajo Timur, namely: (1) the area of the slum area reaches 10.32 hectares with (a) the area of the West Bajo slum area is 4 Ha; (b) the area of the slum area of East Bajo is 6.32 Ha. Slum areas in Boepinang (East Bajo) and West Boepinang (West Bajo) Villages are included in priority scale one (1). Need attention in settlement management.Keywords ; West Bajo, East Bajo, Slum, SettlementsABSTRAK Permukiman kumuh selalu menjadi perhatian karena dari segi kualitas lingkungan yang tidak sehat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting Kawasan Kumuh Boepinang Kumuh Bajo Barat dan Bajo Timur dan untuk mengidentifikasi klasifikasi tingkat kekumuhan di Kawasan Kumuh Boepinang Kumuh Bajo Barat dan Bajo Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Kondisi eksisting Kawasan kumuh di Boepinang Bajo Barat dan Bajo Timur sebagao berikut : (1) luas kawasan kumuh mencapai 10,32 Ha dengan (a) luas Kawasan kumuh Bajo Barat 4 Ha; (b) luas Kawasan kumuh Bajo Timur 6,32 Ha. Kawasan kumuh di Kelurahan Boepinang (Bajo Timur) dan Boepinang Barat (Bajo Barat) masuk skala prioritas satu (1). Perlu Perhatian dalam pengelolaan permukiman.Kata Kunci ; Bajo Barat, Bajo Timur, Kumuh, Permukiman
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Tzankov, Tzanko, Svetla Stankova, Rosen Iliev, and Ilia Mitkov. "Investigations of the late Quaternary morphotectonic evolution of the Balkan Peninsula East Part." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2020-0024.
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AbstractThe East Balkan Peninsula Area was a part from the Tethys Ocean until 72 000 000 years. The pre Maestrichtian geologic-tectonic pattern of cockle of the East Balkan Peninsula Area wasn’t built on the Europe Continental Massif. The modern East Balkan Peninsula Relief is forming during the Late Quaternary time. The East Balkan Peninsula Margin coincides with the border between the Bulgarian and Moesian Continental Microplates from the west and the Black Sea Oceanic Microplatte to the east. This border present the Neo Europe West Passive Continental Margin in the area of the last Tethys Oceanic Fragment – it Black Sea Oceanic Gulf.
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Liebherr, James K. "Blackburnia gastrellariformis sp. n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae), from Molokai: successful prediction of a new taxon by reconciled tree analysis." Insect Systematics & Evolution 32, no. 2 (2001): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631201x00083.
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AbstractBlackburnia gastrellariformis sp. n., is described from East Molokai, Hawaii. Based on cladistic parsimony analysis of adult characters, the species is hypothesized to be most closely related to B. komohana Liebherr & Zimmerman of West Maui, with these two species comprising the adelphotaxon to the East Maui species pair, B. haleakala Liebherr & Zimmerman + B. putealis (Blackburn). Previous reconciled tree analysis for the Hawaiian Blackburnia radiation conducted before discovery of B. gastrellariformis found a general pattern in which Molokai and West Maui were hypothesized as sister-areas to the exclusion of the East Maui volcano, Haleakala, though the less common, incongruent area relationship of (Molokai (West Maui + East Maui) was also represented in the taxon-area cladogram. In the present reconciled tree analysis, the closest hypothesized relationship of B. gastrellariformis and a West Maui species corroborates the more common pattern by replacing items of error in the previous analysis with the newly discovered species. Elevational habitat shifts are invoked to explain the occurrence of numerous sister-species pairs in Molokai and West Maui, currently separated by the Pailolo Channel, relative to species occupying Haleakala.
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Amelia, Siska, Ernan Rustiadi, Baba Barus, and Bambang Juanda. "Spatial analysis of region interaction of West-East corridor's strategic economic area of West Sumatera Province, Indonesia." Journal of Socioeconomics and Development 5, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/jsed.v5i1.3247.
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The West-East corridor is one of the main gateways to enter West Sumatra Province. The West-East corridor, which passes through 65 districts, has a variety of potentials and problems. This means, the growth rate of each district will be different. The growth rate and strength of the relationship among regions can be observed through the gravity model's spatial interactions. The gravity model can calculate the relative strength of the relationship between regions. To see the strength of the relationship among regions in the West-East corridor, strategic economic areas were taken into considerations based on their distance and several observational variables, which were the total population variable, infrastructure completeness, level of security, and investment value. Observation analysis units consisted of sixty-five sub-districts along the West-East corridor. Mass 1 (M1) was the central government, West Padang district, and mass 2 (M2) was the other 64 sub-districts. The analysis results show that the total population, infrastructure completeness, level of security, and investment value are not only influenced by their closeness to the government/city center. The infrastructure completeness factor can influence the total population in a region. Likewise, the investment value can be influenced by the infrastructure completeness and the level of security in a region.JEL Classification: O10; R12; R19
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Grech, Victor, Hugo Agius-Muscat, Charles Savona-Ventura, and Joe Pace. "Regional differnces in birth prevalence of congenital heart disease in Malta." Cardiology in the Young 9, no. 2 (March 1999): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100008362.
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AbstractAimRecent studies have shown a correlation between environmental pollutants and increased risk of selected congenital malformations. The South-East area of the Island of Malta is much more industrialised than the more rural North-West area. The aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there are no regional differences in Malta in the prevalence at birth of congenital cardiac malformations. Methods: Live born infants with congenital cardiac malformations born between 1990 and 1994 were allocated to 10 areas, and thence to 2 regions of 5 areas each, so as to constitute North-West and South-East Malta. Official publications gave population totals and growth rates. Those infants with congenital cardiac malformations were then compared between the different regions using χ2and the Mann-Whitney U test.ResultsThe overall prevalence of congenital heart disease at birth was 8.8/1000 live births. The birth prevalence for the South-East region (10.1/1000 LB – 95% CI 8.4–12.3/1000 live births) was significantly higher than for the North-West (7.4/1000 live births – 95% CI 6.0–9.0/1000 live births) – p=0.03, Odds ratio 1.38 (95% CI 1.05–2.61). The Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference in the distribution amongst the 10 defined areas (p=0.016). The Central-East area had the highest prevalence of cardiac malformations in the entire Island – p=0.02, Odds ratio 1.70 (95% CI 1.10–2.61). Demography showed an efflux of individuals from the South-East of Malta.ConclusionThe higher prevalence of congenital heart disease noted at birth in South-East Malta is unlikely to be due to genetic factors, as these would have migrated North-West along with the population movement. An environmental factor, therefore, seems more likely to be responsible for the increased predisposition to congenital heart disease in the South-East of Malta.
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Thorning, L., and E. Hansen. "Measurements of ice thickness on glaciers at Isortuarssûp tasia, southern West Greenland and Pâkitsoq, central West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 145 (December 31, 1989): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v145.8076.
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Two separate geophysical projects were carried out in 1988 as part of glacier-hydrological investigations of the margin of the Inland Ice. We made a reconnaissance electromagnetic resonance survey over the ice margin adjacent to Sermilik and Isortuarssup tasia, south-east of Nuuk/Godthåb and measured ice thickness along some lines in the area of Qamanârssûp serrnia, Kangiata nunâta sermia and Kangaussarssup sermia a short distance to the north, as well as a few profiles over a local ice cap just east of Isortuarssup tasia. In the Pâkitsoq area, north east of Ilulissat/Jakobshavn, we finished the mono-pulse ice radar work started last year (Thorning & Hansen, 1988a).
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Harikadua, Meilissa, Djoni Hatidja, and Charles E. Mongi. "Pengelompokkan Kecamatan Berdasarkan Potensi Pertanian di Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan dengan Analisis Gerombol." d'CARTESIAN 9, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/dc.9.1.2020.25921.
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This study aims to classify sub-districts based on the potential of agricultural, plantation, livestock, marine fisheries and forestry commodities in the area of South Halmahera Regency. The data used in this study are secondary data taken from the website of the Central Statistics Agency of South Halmahera Regency.The analysis used in this study is Cluster Analysis with a single linkage method and the results obtained are the formation of 3 cluster including Cluster 1 consisting of 28 districts namely: South Obi, Obi, West Obi, East Obi, North Obi, Bacan , South Mandioli, North Mandioli, Batang Lomang Islands, South East Bacan, Middle East Bacan, West Bacan, West Kasiruta, East Kasiruta, North West Bacan, Kayoa, West Kayoa, South Kayoa, North Kayoa, Makian Island, Makian Barat, Gane West, South West Gane, North West Gane, Joronga Islands, East Gane, Middle East Gane and South East Gane. Cluster 2 consisted of South Bacan sub-district and Cluster 3 consisted of East Bacan sub-district.
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Bobyr, M. V., N. I. Khrapova, O. G. Suprunova, and A. A. Dorodnykh. "The Recursive Algorithm for Filling Areas of Recognized Objects." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 27, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2023-27-1-126-139.
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Purpose of research. The recursive algorithm for painting recognized areas on a binarized image and extracting the contours of a color mark, in order to find the minimum time for counting the number of filled pixels in a recognized mark, was developed in the article.Methods. The region filling algorithm in the image is based on the recursive method. The algorithm begins the work from the central point of the image and analyzes the presence of unshaded pixels in adjacent cells. In the article is considered the definition of the shortest time for filling the recognized area in eight directions: east-south-west-north, east-north-west-south, southeast-northwest, southwest-northeast, west-south-east-north, west-north-east-south, north-east-south-west, north west south east. The algorithm contains several stages: checking the exit from the recursion provided that all areas are filled, filling the initial cell, filling the elements in four directions from the starting point, counting the number of filled elements.Results. A recursive algorithm for filling recognized areas on a binarized image with the possibility of highlighting the contours of a recognized mark has been developed. The direction of the optimal bypass, which has the shortest time in relation to other considered directions, is determined. The testing was carried out for cycles with 10, 50 and 100 iterations. According to the presented algorithm, a specialized software model was created. The number of the certificate of state registration of the computer program "Program for filling a recognized mark" is 2023612631.Conclusion. The results of experimental studies showed that for a cycle value of 10 iterations, the best time to fill the area is 12762 msec, for a cycle value of 50 iterations, the best time is 76008 msec, for a cycle value of 100 iterations, the best time is 160568 msec. The minimum average time to complete the filling operation was 84357 msec, therefore, the best of the eight pass combinations turned out to be the direction - north-east-south-west.
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Stephens, Scott L. "Forest fire causes and extent on United States Forest Service lands." International Journal of Wildland Fire 14, no. 3 (2005): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf04006.
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Nationally, the causes and extent of fire on lands administrated by the United States Forest Service varied significantly from 1940 to 2000, with California experiencing the largest relative annual burned areas. The south-east and California experienced the largest relative area burned by fires from human ignitions. No significant differences were detected in the relative area burned by lightning in California, the upper and central Rocky Mountains, and the south-west, which all experienced the highest levels. The north-west and Rocky Mountains have experienced significant increases in the relative total area burned; the north-east, south-east, California, and coastal Alaska all remained unchanged. The northern Rocky Mountains, south-west, and north-east have all experienced significant increases in the amount of area burned by lightning without significant increases in lightning ignitions. Increasing fuel hazards in these areas probably contributed to the increasing area burned by lightning fires; changing climate could have also contributed to the increase in wildfire area from 1940 to 2000. To be effective across the diverse forest types and conditions in the USA, fire policy should better recognize and respond to the diversity of US forests and how they have burned in the past. This analysis determined that there is high geographical diversity on wildfire occurrence and causes. Local input is therefore important in designing diverse, ground-based solutions to address fire management challenges in the United States.
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Asri, Rishal, and Koko Friansa. "Modeling Photovoltaic System on Parking Area Using East-West Racking." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 537 (August 11, 2020): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/537/1/012027.
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Henri, Razananirina, and Rakotondrazafy Raymond. "Airborne Magnetic Survey and Remote Sensing Applied to Structural Study in Vohilava Area Madagascar." International Journal of Geography and Geology 11, no. 2 (October 13, 2022): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/10.v11i2.3165.
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Mananjary district is known for its gold production. To better understand the gold mineralization distribution, a regional structural study was undertaken using airborne geophysics and remote sensing (RS). Magnetometry data, Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) 8 satellite-image and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) have been processed and interpreted. Signals associated with deep structures are weak and dominated by strong signals from surficial magnetic sources. To overcome this problem, local-phase based filters were used. A deep knowledge of each filter allows to use it separately or in combination with other filters. RS is a powerful tool for a regional study. Color composite technique and DEM analysis were helpful to bring out faults and structures. The combination of magnetometry and RS allows geologists to efficiently delineate prospective zones. The study has unveiled a dextral strike-slip fault (SSF) over 240km and associated faults, folds, flower structure and pull-apart basins within the Mananjary gold district. Moreover, the SSF structurally controlled the spatial distribution of Vohilava-Nosivolo and Maha groups. R Riedel shear faults appear as North North East – South South West faults. R’ Riedel shear faults occur in the north of the study area with East North East -West South West orientation. Tectonic block rotation occurred between Ampasinambo and Soavina. P’ shear faults striking West North West – East South East occur in Vohilava. Some folds are associated with the SSF as well. Vohilava positive flower structure which used to be a syncline and its antiform equivalent are SSF footprints. The latter was active since Mesoarchean.
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Соболевская, Светлана, and Svetlana Sobolevskaya. "Monuments of Ufa: East and West combination." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 7, no. 4 (December 24, 2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1869.
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Monuments of Ufa traditionally combining cultural traditions of West and East are considered in the article. Author consistently reveals specifics of sculptural compositions made in different periods of time and outlines theirs symbolics and
signifi cance in the system of urban area.
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Mohammed Abdulfattah Ali. "Evaluation of Hydrogeological Conditions, of the groundwater reservoir west of Samarra by using Data pumping tests in wells Single." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, no. 8 (February 1, 2023): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i8.862.
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Geologicall and hydrological evaluation have carried out (50) wells east of Samarra, Its study explained thate and two aquifers were distinguished; Injana as semi-confined aquifer and Quaternary sediments as unconfined aquifer. The study of the lithological section shows that the thickness of the sediments increases as we move to the south of the study area and decrease to the north. Of the movement and groundwater levels of (50) wells. It was shown that the direction of its movement is from west to east, with a slight slope towards the south, as well as studying the hydraulic properties of these wells determine by using the pumping test data in the individual wells to determine the values of the Transmssivity (T), (51.8 m2/day) east of the study area, gradually decreasing to (5.3m2/day) west of the study area. The values of the hydraulic conductivity (K) reached (1.23 m/day) east of the study area and gradually decreased to (0.119m/day) west of the study area.
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Hailu and Fung. "Optimum Tilt Angle and Orientation of Photovoltaic Thermal System for Application in Greater Toronto Area, Canada." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 15, 2019): 6443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226443.
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We present a study conducted to obtain optimum tilt angle and orientation of a solar panel for the collection of maximum solar irradiation. The optimum tilt angle and orientation were determined using isotropic and anisotropic diffuse sky radiation models (isotropic and anisotropic models). The four isotropic models giving varying optimum tilt angles in the range of 37 to 44°. On the other hand, results of the four anisotropic models were more consistent, with optimum tilt angles ranging between 46–47°. Both types of models indicated that the collector tilt should be changed four times a year to receive more solar radiation. The results also indicate that the solar panel should be installed with orientation west or east of due south with a flatter tilt angle. A 15° change in orientation west or east of due south results in less than 1% reduction of the total solar radiation received. For a given optimum tilt angle, the effect of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) orientation west or east of due south on the outlet temperature was determined using a one-dimensional steady state heat transfer model. It was found that there is less than 1.5% decrease in outlet temperature for a PV/T panel oriented up to 15° east or west of due south from March to December. This result indicates that existing roofs with orientations angles up to 15° east or west of due south can be retrofitted with a PV/T system without changing the roof shape.
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AMELIA, SISKA, ERNAN RUSTIADI, BABA BARUS, and BAMBANG JUANDA. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC ECONOMIC AREA WEST- EAST CORRIDOR WEST SUMATRA BASED ON SERVICE FACILITIES COMPLETENESS INDEX." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 18, no. 2 (February 28, 2023): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2023.02.012.
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Regional development is a fundamental change in the socio-economic, cultural, and institutional structure to overcome income inequality and alleviate poverty. Regional development aims to formulate and apply theoretical frameworks into policies and programs by integrating social and environmental aspects to realise optimal and sustainable welfare. Learning the role of strategic areas and regional sustainability is necessary to support complete service facilities. The construction of good service facilities ensures efficiency, facilitates the movement of goods and services and increases the added value of the economy. This study looks at the spatial diversity of the factors that influence the Service Facility Index to develop a sustainable west-east corridor strategic economic area. The method used in this research is the scalogram method and Geographically Weighted Regression, with the unit of analysis being the sub-district. The analysis results show that the spatial pattern of the Service Facility Index based on the investigation of Moran I is random along the west-east corridor. The factors that significantly affect the sustainable development of the west-east corridor are the area’s population and altitude.
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Brumbaugh, David S. "Seismotectonics of the Grand Wash Arizona Area." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 109, no. 6 (September 24, 2019): 2277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120190124.
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Abstract The Grand Wash basin is located in northwest Arizona adjacent to the physiographic boundary of the Colorado plateau. The area is well mapped geologically and is geophysically similar to the Basin and Range and Transition Zone in structural style and history. The occurrence of a rare swarm of earthquakes in 2016 in the basin area served as an opportunity to perform a seismotectonic analysis of the Grand Wash basin. Results of the analysis indicate the basin is presently undergoing mild east west extension. The east west extension and associated seismicity of the swarm are here suggested to be the result of stress created by negative gravitational potential energy of the Colorado plateau relative to the lower Basin and Range and Transition Zone. This is suggested by the clockwise rotation of the extensional stress at about 36° N on both the plateau and the Basin and Range and Transition zone.
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Kraaij, Tineke, Johan A. Baard, Richard M. Cowling, Brian W. van Wilgen, and Sonali Das. "Historical fire regimes in a poorly understood, fire-prone ecosystem: eastern coastal fynbos." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 3 (2013): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11163.
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We characterised the historical fire regime (1900–2010) in eastern coastal fynbos shrublands, which occur in a poorly studied part of the Cape Floral Kingdom (CFK). Natural (lightning-ignited) fires dominated the fire regime. Fire seasonality decreased from west (Outeniqua region) to east (Tsitsikamma region) within the study area, and between the study area and further west in the CFK. This is consistent with a west–east climatic gradient in the CFK, where rainfall is concentrated in winter in the west, and evenly distributed across months in the east. Median fire return intervals (FRIs) (1980–2010) were broadly comparable to other fynbos areas but estimates varied widely depending on whether or not the data were censored (16–26 years with and 8–13 years without censoring). FRIs appeared to be shorter in the Tsitsikamma, where rainfall and plant growth rates are higher, than in the Outeniqua. The total area burnt annually has increased significantly since 1980, coinciding with an increase in weather conducive to fires, suggesting that fire regimes may be responding to climate change. Frequent recurrence of very large fires and the virtual absence of vegetation in older post-fire age classes are potential causes for concern in achieving fynbos conservation objectives.
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Kerr, Daniel E. "Late Quaternary sea level history in the Paulatuk to Bathurst Inlet area, Northwest Territories." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33, no. 3 (March 1, 1996): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e96-029.
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The Paulatuk – Bathurst Inlet region experienced rapid deglaciation in response to marine incursion across isostatically depressed terrain during high relative sea level stands. Marine limits, frequently defined by ice-contact deltas, range from 10 m asl in the west to 228 m asl in the east and were formed from approximately 12.5 to 9 ka BP, respectively. Seven relative sea level curves demonstrate that the mainland coast has shown initial rapid emergence, then progressively less emergence, and finally submergence from Paulatuk to Bernard Harbour during the late Holocene. Regions to the east (Richardson Bay to Bathurst Inlet) continue to experience emergence. Sea level curves have shown persistently higher rebound from west to east. The pattern and magnitude of observed postglacial sea level changes are in accord with theoretical predictions. In areas outside the glacial limit, as well as close to but within the glacial limit, relative sea level initially falls during the early and middle Holocene, and then begins to rise due to the migration of the forebulge in late Holocene times. Submergence becomes progressively younger from west to east. Closer to the centre of ice loading, emergence has progressed since deglaciation.
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Putra, IPG Eka Handrayana, Takahiro Osawa, and I. Wayan Gede Astawa Karang. "SHORELINE SENSITIVITY INDEX TO OIL SPILLS IN NUSA PENIDA MARINE PROTECTED AREA (MPA), BALI." ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) 15, no. 1 (June 2, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i01.p05.
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The Shoreline Sensitivity Index(SSI) is one crucial aspect to know in protecting the coast from all threats, including oil spills. This study aims to determine the shoreline's sensitivity for oil spills based on several oceanographic parameters: shoreline type, tidal range, slope, and wave high in Nusa Penida, Map Protection Area (MPA). The weight overlay method was employed to apply the geographic information system (GIS). Each parameter component was scored as five categories before the weighted overlay. The shoreline sensitivity level of Nusa Penida island is divided into five categories: very low sensitive, low sensitive, medium sensitive, high sensitive, and very high sensitive. As the results, the SSI was categorized during the east monsoons (from June to August) and during the west monsoons (from December to February) is at a low sensitivity level to very high sensitivity. SSI during east monsoons there is about 60.05% (627.33 ha) in the medium, 9.39% (98.11 ha) in the high, and 2.39% (24.99 ha) in the very high sensitive. The SSI during the west season is about 78.16% (816.95 ha) with the medium, 19.43% (203.11 ha) with the high, and 2.39% (24.99 ha) with the very high sensitive. The difference in wave height during east and west monsoons greatly affects the sensitivity level of the Nusa Penida coastal area. However, sensitivity level in Jungutbatu and Lembongan Villages are not affected by the east or west monsoons.Keywords: Shoreline Sensitivity; GIS; Nusa Penida; Oil Spill.
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Cao, Ning, Zhanyu Yao, Zhiliang Shu, Zhuolin Chang, Jianhua Mu, Haoran Zhu, and Tong Lin. "Topographic Effects on Stratiform Precipitation Observed by Vertically Pointing Micro Rain Radars at Ridge and Valley Sites in the Liupan Mountains Area, Northwest China." Water 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010134.
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To investigate the topographic effects on precipitation in the Liupan Mountains Area of Northwest China, three micro rain radars, located at a ridge, west valley, and east valley in the area, respectively, were used to observe precipitation processes. By comparing the characteristics of stratiform precipitation at three sites, it was found that (i) the effective radar reflectivity and characteristic falling velocity of hydrometeors at the ridge and east valley were larger than those at the west valley; (ii) the diameter and density of solid hydrometeors at the ridge and east valley were slightly larger than those at the west valley; and (iii) there was also a higher occurrence frequency of larger graupel at the ridge. It is inferred that the precipitable water vapor at the ridge and east valley is richer than at the west valley, which leads to a larger aggregation efficiency and degrees of riming at the former than the latter. Besides, forced uplifting of water vapor over the mountain area around the ridge may play a part in topographic supercooling, which leads to enhanced riming of supercooled liquid water. The conclusions will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of precipitation–terrain interactions in the area.
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Liu, Xiaohong, Xiaobo Wang, and Tianrui Dong. "Impacts of Urban Shrinkage on Haze Pollution-Evidence from China." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (October 21, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3952442.
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This study focuses on 55 shrinking cities selected by the urban shrinkage index using data about the urban population of 250 prefecture-level Chinese cities from 2012 to 2017. It analyzes the theoretical impacts of urban shrinkage on haze pollution and the spatial distribution and autocorrelation of urban shrinkage. The spatial error model (SEM) and the fully modified least squares (FMOLSs) regression are used to empirically examine the impacts of urban shrinkage on haze pollution at national and regional levels. The results indicate that shrinking cities showed spatial agglomeration and that northeast China had the largest number of shrinking cities. Nationwide, urban shrinkage reduced haze pollution. An increase in the proportion of secondary industries, economic development, and built-up areas intensified haze pollution, while an increase in the green area in parks alleviated such pollution. Regionally, except for west China, the impacts of urban shrinkage on haze pollution were significantly negative. Urban shrinkage in central China had the greatest impacts on haze, followed by northeast China and east China. Haze pollution was intensified by the increase in the proportion of secondary industries in east, central and west China, alleviated by economic development in east and west China, slowed down by the increase in green area in parks in northeast, east and west China, and aggravated by the rise in built-up areas in northeast, central, and west China. Targeted suggestions are proposed herein to reduce haze pollution, adapt to urban shrinkage and build quality small cities based on local conditions.
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Khoirunnisa, H., M. Wibowo, W. Hendriyono, and K. S. Wardani. "The hydrodynamics condition of water operating area for flight test site selection of N219 Amphibious aircraft." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012056.
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Abstract This research aims to assess the hydrodynamics condition of the water area for site selection of that purpose. The bathymetry data of Karimunjawa Island were obtained from the 1986 Pushidrosal bathymetric map. Furthermore, wind direction, wind speed, wave height and direction, and tidal data around the waters of Karimunjawa Island were input in hydrodynamic and spectral modelling using MIKE 21 HD-SW. West monsoon and east monsoon were applied in this model. The validation result between hydrodynamic modelling and Tidal Model Driver (TMD) data is 98.89%. The surface elevation around the domain has a range of 0.072 - 0.5 m. The average water depth at the seaplane dock plan is about 2.5 m from MSL. The hydrodynamic modeling results show that the surface elevation value at the seaplane dock plan location shows that the sea level is between -0.467 to 0.473 m (in both west and east season). The current velocity at the planned seaplane dock site in both the west and east monsoons is relatively slow (<0.185 m/s). The dominant wave direction is southeastward in the east and west monsoons. The dominant Hs is about 0.23 – 0.6 m in both seasons. At the planned water operating area, the average of Hs is 0.23 m - 0.36 m. Generally, this location fulfills the criteria of site selection for the flight test location of N219A.
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Treister, Michail Ju. "The Celts in the north Pontic area: a reassessment." Antiquity 67, no. 257 (December 1993): 789–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00063791.
Full textAbstract:
The recent great exhibition in Venice of Celtic art and artefacts showed once again the intriguing attraction of the Celtic traditions, so influential in our view of old Europe, both western and central. But what about the Celts in the east, and specifically in the region to the north and west of the Black Sea? And what is the relation between that artefactual evidence, Celtic artefacts in the west, and the evidence from the documents?
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Georgiev, Neven. "The crustal thickness in the Rhodope Metamorphic Complex area from the perspective of the present-day geological knowledge." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 84, no. 3 (December 2023): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2023.84.3.155.
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The crustal thickness in the area of the Rhodope Metamorphic Complex decreases from west to east from ~50 km to ~30 km. This regional-scale feature is mostly due to the different rates of extension that the basement rocks experienced in different parts of the complex. In our model, we postulate that the crustal thickness in the area is an effect of the late Eocene zipper-like or hinge-like extensional tectonics that caused a larger amount exhumation of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the eastern parts of the area and lesser one in the west. This zipper-like orogen parallel extension caused a vast tectonic erosion and progressive thinning of the crust from west to east.
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Jensen, Einar Lund. "Uiarnerit. A historical study of immigration from East to West Greenland in the nineteenth century." Études/Inuit/Studies 26, no. 2 (June 22, 2004): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/007644ar.
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AbstractThis article is about 50 East Greenlanders who settled in the Kap Farvel area in 1887, and about their encounter with the local population, the German Moravian Brethren mission, and the Danish mission and colonial administration. On the basis of this immigration, the article gives an account of a number of new issues and perspectives on settlement and the settlement policy for the overall immigration from East Greenland to South West Greenland and the traces left by these migrations on South West Greenland right up to now. Despite formal status as West Greenlanders, the immigrants and their descendants preserved East Greenlandic features which in many ways still exist, and today people in the area take a great deal of interest in the historical events, the distinctive features of the immigrants and their links with East Greenland. One motive for this study is thus a growing local wish to turn the focus on the migrations from East Greenland and to raise consciousness about their significance for the present-day situation. The following account is intended as a contribution to this consciousness-raising process. The article presents a hitherto unexploited body of historical and ethnohistorical sources which will be used as the basis for a future historical study of the immigration from East Greenland to West Greenland and to improve our knowledge of the cultural, social and other traces of East Greenlanders in South West Greenland, and how these traces were kept.
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Schavran, Gabrielle. "Structural Features in the Huerfano Park Area, East Flank, Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado." Mountain Geologist 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.22.1.33.
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Laramide deformation along the east flank of the Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado, has produced an imbricate thrust system with associated major folds in the Middle Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation, west of the town of Gardner. Thrusts dip 5 to 15 degrees to the west and are offset along strike by small tear faults. Major folds are inclined to overturned near the leading edges of the thrusts and become open and diminish in amplitude to the west, farther from the leading edges. Fold axes trend between N 10 Wand N 60 Wand plunge gently to the northwest or southeast. Tectonic transport was from west-southwest to east-northeast as interpreted from ma1or thrust and fold trends. Detailed analyses of minor structures such as bedding-plane thrusts, minor folds, and angle faults substantiate the style of deformation and the interpreted direction of transport Pennsylvanian sedimentary rocks were detached and thrusted, probably above a major decollement surface. Folds, bedding thrust reverse faults, and tear faults developed during thrusting and imbrication. Regionally, Precambrian rocks to the west in the Sangre de Cristo Range are interpreted to be allochthonous suggesting that the fold and thrust belt represents a zone of Laramide crustal shortening.
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Arumsari, Chysanti. "Dinamika “Timur” dan “Barat” dalam Tokoh Boonyi Kaul Noman dalam Shalimar The ClownKarya Salman Rushdie." Paradigma, Jurnal Kajian Budaya 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2016): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v2i1.17.
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<p>As the concepts of “West” and “East are not only recognized in area studies, they are also known in the study of culture. Both concepts represent a culture, of which they are not always in agreement, but are often opposition, one against another. Shalimar the Clown, a novel by Salman Rushdie presents “West” and “East” using India for its main background. The research analysizes Boonyi Kaul Noman, one of the main characters, who shook the dichotomi of West against East within the paradigms of Orientalism and Occidentalism. The discussion on the construction of East defines the relationship between the locality and role of Boonyi in the family and in the society. At the same time, the construction of “West” covers the analysis of opinion, life and role of the main character. The cultural approach and Edward Said’s theory on Orientalism-Occidentalism (1978) are applied to analize and break the dynamic of the concepts of “East” and “West.”</p>
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Ristawidya, Aura, and Rany Adiliawijaya Putriekapuja. "Optimization of The East Terminal Control Area (TMA) Sector At PERUM LPPNPI Denpasar Branch." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 39, no. 2 (July 30, 2023): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v39.2.5470.
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Since the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in a decrease in traffic, Perum LPPNPI Denpasar Branch adjusted flight traffic services as needed, one of it is the East Terminal Control Area (TMA) was temporarily not operating so that traffic coming from the east was served by West Terminal Control Area (TMA). After traffic conditions begin to normalize, during peak hours the amount of traffic guided by the TMA unit reaches 30 traffic per hour where the TMA unit provides services at an altitude of 10,000 feet to a height of 24,500 feet. The return to normal traffic has led to an increase in the load of communication in the West Terminal Control Area (TMA) sector so optimization of the East Terminal Control Area (TMA) sector is needed. This research was conducted with the aim of providing suggestions to optimize the East Terminal Control Area (TMA) sector to improve flight traffic services at the Perum LPPNPI Denpasar Branch. The method used is qualitative descriptive.From this study, it was found that the lack of personnel was a barrier to optimizing the East Terminal Control Area (TMA) sector. Therefore, the authors suggest a review of the needs of the number of personnel and the determination of Operating Hours (OH).
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Mvondo, Hubert, Sébastien Owona, Joseph Mvondo Ondoa, and Jean Essono. "Tectonic evolution of the Yaoundé segment of the Neoproterozoic Central African Orogenic Belt in southern Cameroon." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 44, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e06-107.
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The deformation history of the Neoproterozoic Central African Orogenic Belt in southern Cameroon is well recorded in the low- to high-grade rocks outcropping in the area around Yaoundé. The fabrics in these rocks are consistent with two main ductile deformation events D1 and D2. D1 predated emplacement of calc-alkaline dioritic bodies and caused the formation of nappes that resulted in high-pressure granulite metamorphism of soft sediments. A strong overprinting of these nappes during D2 symmetric extension, probably associated with large-scale foliation boudinage and (or) gneissic doming and intense magmatic underplating, gave rise to regional flat-lying fabrics. The latter were further buckled by D3 and D4 folding phases defining a vertical constriction occurring with a major east–west to NW–SE shortening direction. The corresponding F3 and F4 folds trend north–south to NE–SW and east–west to NW–SE, respectively, and represent the main regional strain patterns. Based on the east–west to NW–SE maximum shortening orientation indicated by F3 folds, it is proposed that the nappe-stacking phase D1 occurred in the same direction. The deformation history in the area can thus be described as corresponding principally to alternating east–west to NW–SE contractions and north–south to NE–SW orogenic-parallel extensions. At the regional scale, this could be due to the Transaharan east–west collisional system.
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Klaoudatos, Dimitris, Sofia Vardali, Chrisoula Apostologamvrou, Alexios Lolas, Nikolaos Neofitou, Alexios Conides, Georgios A. Gkafas, et al. "Ecological Assessment of Fishery Communities in an Otter-Trawl-Restricted, Semi-Enclosed Gulf in Greece." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2023): 1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091668.
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A fishery-independent survey with a commercial bottom otter trawl was conducted in the Pagasitikos Gulf, a semi-enclosed, trawl-restricted gulf in Greece. The study aimed to ecologically assess the fishery communities that are experiencing a decline in fishery landings. Twelve hauls of 30 min duration each were conducted in the eastern, western, and central parts of the gulf at depths between 62 and 97 m. In total, 57 species were captured, with the highest species number recorded in the west (35 species), followed by the center (32 species) and east (29 species). The highest numerical abundance was recorded at the center, followed by the east and west, with an opposing trend exhibited for biomass; however, GLM detected no significant spatial differences (in area or depth) or interaction. Ecological indices exhibited significantly lower values in the west–east area comparison. Linear Discriminant Analysis, mMDS, and hierarchical clustering indicated the presence of two main groups (east and west), with PERMANOVA showing a significant difference in the demersal communities among the identified groups. The results indicated moderately disturbed demersal communities and an increasing level of disturbance from east to west. Considering the economic value of Pagasitikos to the local fishing community, additional fishery management measures are deemed necessary to protect the fishery resources and mitigate the potential risks of overexploitation.
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Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., M. J. Simon, and K. L. Laidre. "Estimates of large whale abundance in Greenlandic waters from a ship-based survey in 2005." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 9, no. 2 (February 22, 2023): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v9i2.686.
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A ship-based line transect survey of large whales in East and West Greenland was conducted in September 2005. The survey platform primarily targeted capelin, Mallotus villosus, using acoustic methods and systematically covered the east and west coasts of Greenland from the coast to the shelf break (approximately 200m). The surveyed area comprised 81,000km2 in East Greenland and 225,000km2 in West Greenland. A total of 194 sightings of 13 cetacean species were obtained and standard line transect methods were used to derive abundance estimates of the four most commonly encountered large cetaceans. Fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus, were most abundant in East Greenland (3,214, 95% CI=980-10,547) with lower abundances estimated for West Greenland (1,980, 95% CI=913-4,296). Sei whales, B. borealis, were frequently encountered in the same areas as fin whales, but the estimated abundance in East Greenland (763, 95% CI=236- 2,465) was lower than in West Greenland (1,599, 95% CI=690-3,705). Humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, were found both in offshore and coastal areas of West Greenland (1,306, 95% CI=570-2,989) and in low numbers in East Greenland (347, 95% CI=48-2,515). Finally, common minke whale, B. acutorostrata, abundance was estimated at 1,848 (95% CI=197-17,348) for East Greenland and 4,479 (95% CI=1,760-11,394) for West Greenland. Inclusion of sightings of unidentified large baleen whales in West Greenland distributed in proportion to species and strata increased abundance estimates for fin, sei, and humpback whales to 2,824 (95% CI=1,346-5,925), 2,009 (95% CI=948-4,260), and 1,514 (95% CI=560-4,089), respectively. Despite good conditions and considerable effort, few cetaceans were observed in the northernmost strata in West Greenland. This suggests that the southbound fall migration of large whales from North West Greenland had already started by the time the survey was initiated. The abundance estimates presented in this study are negatively biased. No corrections were applied for whales missed by observers or for whales submerged during the passage of the survey platform, which should cause a particularly large negative bias, for the estimates of common minke whale abundance.
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Yulistina, Shiska. "Studi Identifikasi Struktur Geologi Bawah Permukaan Untuk Mengetahui Sistem Sesar Berdasarkan Analisis First Horizontal Derivative (FHD), Second Vertical Derivative (SVD), Dan 2,5D Forward Modeling Di Daerah Manokwari Papua Barat." Jurnal Geofisika Eksplorasi 4, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jge.v4i2.15.
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In general, Manokwari has a geological structure that is in the form of a folding area found in the highlands of the mountains. Among the creases, there is a fault up and the fault down. In coastal or marine areas found many reefs and corals. The study of gravity was conducted in the Manokwari area of West Papua with the aim to know the subsurface geological structures based on FHD (First Horizontal Derivative), SVD (Second Vertical Derivative) and 2.5D Forward Modeling on the residual anomaly maps of the study area. The results showed that the research area has Bouguer Anomaly value ranged from 4 mGal to 96 mGal with the low anomaly at the left side of the research area lengthwise relatively in north-west to south-east direction, the middle-value anomaly spreads in the west-east area of research area, high anomaly scattered in the northern part of the research area. The results of the 2.5D subsurface modeling and the SVD and FHD analysis indicated the presence of a Thrust Fault on the C-C’ cross-section, on the B-B’ cross-section there is a Diorite Lembai intrusion with the density value is 2.75 gr/cc, whereas the A-A' cross-section which intersects with Sorong fault were not found any fault or rock intrusion based on observed gravity data of the research area.
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Yasmin, Alfira Fadilla, and Danny Setiawan. "ANALISIS KAPASITAS TINGKAT PELAYANAN DAN KINERJA RUAS JALAN INSPEKSI KALIMLANG." Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) 8, no. 3 (August 30, 2022): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v8i3.517.
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Inspeksi Kalimalang Street is the street connecting to industrial areas of Jababeka, MM2000, EJIP, Delta Mas and other industrial areas. According to Detik Finance (2017), 2.125 factory units of 25 countries locate in area of Bekasi District, Because mobility of in-out industrial vehicles transporting raw materials or products from and to export destinations are high, vehicles frequently collect in Inspeksi Kalimalang Street. This study aims at analyzing capacity of service level and performance of Inspeksi Kalimalang Street and analyzing comparison of line change based on (MKJI 1997). The results of analysis indicate that street condition with lane (2/2 UD) of segment one had service level F with mean capacity value (C)=2674,136 smp/hour in west direction and 2728,394 smp/hour in east direction. Mean saturation degree value of segment one (DS) = 0,821 in west direction and 0,776 in east direction > 0,75 as MKJI recommended. Whereas the result of lane widening comparison into (4/2 D) in segment one had service level D, where mean capacity value of segment one (C)=3130,807 smp/hour in west direction and 3265,890 smp/hour in east direction. Mean saturation degree value of segment one (DS) = 0,700 in west direction and 0,647 in east direction < 0,75 as MKJI 1997 recommended.
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Ott, Gary L., David C. Haynes, and Robert G. Pond. "Considering “Best Response” Capabilities in Area Contingency Plans1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-7.
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ABSTRACT The paper proposes that planning should focus on those critical success factors inherent in a “Best Response.” Our common objective is to be prepared to clean up a spill while doing the least harm to people and the environment. Despite this common goal there are considerable differences across the United States in the commitment of resources to the oil spill planning and preparedness process. These differences result in a wide variety of Area Contingency Plans (ACPs) that may indicate different response capabilities. On the West Coast, oil spill plans contain detailed resource information and response strategies. By comparison, the East Coast plans are considerably less detailed. However, any demand that both West Coast and East Coast plans should have the same level of detail should first consider the question, “What kind of planning leads to success?” This paper stresses that we must first identify priorities and important factors needed to achieve success and produce a “Best Response.” In our opinion, ACPs should be evaluated based on their capability to achieve Critical Success Factors during an actual response.
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Liu, Yong, Jianqin Gu, and Xiaoming Wu. "Analysis on Regional Difference of Narcotic Analgesic Medication in China – Based on Data of 2011-2013." Public Administration Research 4, no. 2 (October 28, 2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/par.v4n2p45.
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In recent years, the medication level about Chinese narcotic analgesic achieve some improvement, but the annual personal average morphine use is far behind of developed counties, there are obvious regional differences referencing to analysis on narcotic analgesic medication structure (drug use frequency) in Chinese west-central-east areas and 31 provinces, the east area get obvious higher medication frequency than middle and west regions, and is associated with medical volume. So adjusting medical volume, regulating proper medication behavior and adapting new technology in curbing abuse and such on can improve per medication level and promote optimization in regional medication structure.
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Alappat, Linto, Palaniandy Seralathan, Anil Shukla, Kyth Thrivikramji, and Ashok Singhvi. "Chronology of red dune aggradations of South India and its Palaeo-environmental significance." Geochronometria 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13386-013-0118-5.
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Abstract Red sand dunes occur in the coastal plains of south east and west of Tamil Nadu, India between the coordinates of 8°00′ to 9°30′ N; 77°18′ to 79° 00′ E. OSL dating of these sands indicated aggradations between ∼16-9 ka and ∼9-3 ka in the west and east coasts respectively. Dating results from inland red dunes at the foothills of Western Ghats show a break in deposition at ∼6 ka and aggradation since ∼2 ka. The sand aggradations in the west coast occurred during the transition period when SW monsoon in the area was reestablishing. The dunes attained their stability by 9 ka. In the coastal region, the aggradations were controlled by sea level changes and a local recycling of earlier dunes (in the east coast). In the inland areas, the dune building was controlled by sand supply from fluvial sources.
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Wang, X. Q., S. J. Zeng, X. G. Chen, J. L. Lin, and S. M. Chen. "CHANGE ANALYSIS ON SOIL EROSION OF FUJIAN PROVINCE FROM 1990 TO 2015." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 14, 2017): 1381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-1381-2017.
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Soil erosion is one of major environment problems in the world, and China is one of the most serious soil erosion country. In this paper, Fujian province was used as a study area for its typical red soil region. Based on USLE model, the soil erosion modulus in 1990 and 2015 were calculated and turned to soil erosion intensity. The soil erosion distribution trend in Fujian province was decrease from south-east coastal zone to north-west inland region. In soil erosion areas, the main erosion type was light level with about 80&thinsp;%, and the soil erosion levels above serious type were mainly sporadic distribution with less than 10&thinsp;%. The soil erosion improved for the past 25 years. The areas of different erosion types all decreased, and the total erosion area reduced by 26.59&thinsp;%. The improvement area mainly located in north-east, south and west region. The aggravation area mainly located in the north and some middle hilly regions. The impact of human activities is more significant for erosion control.
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Hao, Guoqiang, Yifeng Yang, and Chao Jin. "Geological conditions of coal bed methane occurrence in Handan - Fengfeng Mining area." World Journal of Engineering 11, no. 5 (November 1, 2014): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.5.481.
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The coal bed methane resources distribution of Handan - Fengfeng Mining area has the features of "richness in the midland and north while poorness in the south, and richness in the east while poorness in the west. Through the analysis of the geological factors causing the above phenomena, we get that: the coal metamorphism and hydrogeological condition are the major controlling factors, the former controls the north and south difference of coal bed methane resources distribution from the two aspects covering gas-generated quantity and adsorption capacity, while the latter controls the east and west difference of coal bed methane resources distribution; syncline and good cap rock conditions are necessary conditions for coal bed methane enrichment, but not the reason for causing the difference of coal bed methane resources distribution.
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Chen, Wen, Rachel T. Pinker, Yingtao Ma, Glynn Hulley, Eva Borbas, Tanvir Islam, Kerry-A. Cawse-Nicholson, Simon Hook, Chris Hain, and Jeff Basara. "Land Surface Temperature from GOES-East and GOES-West." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 38, no. 4 (April 2021): 843–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0086.1.
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ABSTRACTLand surface temperature (LST) is an important climate parameter that controls the surface energy budget. For climate applications, information is needed at the global scale with representation of the diurnal cycle. To achieve global coverage there is a need to merge about five independent geostationary (GEO) satellites that have different observing capabilities. An issue of practical importance is the merging of independent satellite observations in areas of overlap. An optimal approach in such areas could eliminate the need for redundant computations by differently viewing satellites. We use a previously developed approach to derive information on LST from GOES-East (GOES-E), modify it for application to GOES-West (GOES-W) and implement it simultaneously across areas of overlap at 5-km spatial resolution. We evaluate the GOES-based LST against in situ observations and an independent MODIS product for the period of 2004–09. The methodology proposed minimizes differences between satellites in areas of overlap. The mean and median values of the differences in monthly mean LST retrieved from GOES-E and GOES-W at 0600 UTC for July are 0.01 and 0.11 K, respectively. Similarly, at 1800 UTC the respective mean and median value of the differences were 0.15 and 1.33 K. These findings can provide guidelines for potential users to decide whether the reported accuracy based on one satellite alone, meets their needs in area of overlap. Since the 6 yr record of LST was produced at hourly time scale, the data are well suited to address scientific issues that require the representation of LST diurnal cycle or the diurnal temperature range (DTR).
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Thorning, L. "Reconnaissance aeromagnetic survey east of Disko Bugt, central West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 140 (December 31, 1988): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v140.8027.
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The Geological Survey of Gre.enland plans a major aeromagnetic survey in the Disko Bugt region over the coming years. It has already been started with some introductory work in 1986 and 1987 (Knudsen el al., 1988). In this context, closed-file geophysical data were reviewed at GGU, and it soon became clear that good quality regional aeromagnetic data were lacking from the area and that the geological investigations would benefit from such data. Funds were not available for a systematic survey over the entire area, but in April 1987 a situation arose in which at least part of the area could be surveyed. Due to the change of plans for the aeromagnetic surveying of the GICAS project, described by Thorning el al. (1988), it was possibie to include one survey flight east of Disko Bugt. The measurements were made from the National Aeronauticai Establishment aircraft (CFNRC), which is a well equipped Convair-580 with very good navigational capabilities and a 3-axis magnetic gradiometer.
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Wang, Yingsi, Tiangui Xiao, Xuefeng Dong, Yueqing Li, Wei Huang, and Jie Tan. "Influence of 30–60 Days Intraseasonal Oscillation of East Asian Summer Monsoon on Precipitation in Southwest China." Atmosphere 13, no. 8 (August 2, 2022): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081222.
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The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is an important factor affecting summer precipitation in China, but the relationship between the ISO of the EASM and summer precipitation in southwest China is currently still unclear. The relationship between the two is discussed, and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) there is a significant positive correlation between East Asian monsoon surge intensity and summer precipitation in southwest China. When the monsoon surge is stronger (weaker), the precipitation in southwest China is more (less). However, the areas where the monsoon surge has a more obvious effect on the summer precipitation in southwest China are mainly located east of 105° E, and the monsoon surge has no obvious effect on the area west of 105° E. This may be more (less) the case in monsoon surge years, when a low-frequency oscillation of 30–60 days (10–20 days) plays a dominant role. The East Asian region has a longitudinal wave train of “+ − +” (“− + −“), the western Pacific subtropical high is westerly (easterly), the South China Sea and western Pacific is affected by anticyclone (cyclone), the EASM is active (suppressive), eastern southwest China has water vapor convergence (divergence) and upward (downward) airflow. (2) We found that 1998 was a typical year for the 30–60 days ISO of the EASM. There are two obvious 30–60 days oscillation cycles. In this year, when the intensity of the ISO of the EASM increases (decreases), the range of positive precipitation anomaly region in southwest China extends (decreases). The atmospheric circulation characteristics show that, when the western Pacific subtropical high is west (east) and south (north), and there is obvious anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation in China–western Pacific, and the EASM is stronger (weaker), which leads to more (less) precipitation in southwest China.
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Chaulagain, Sarita, and Anjali Maiya Shrestha–Malla. "Effects of Edaphic (Soil) Factors on Plant Distribution in Chameli Community Forest, Bhaktapur, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 6, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v6i1.19470.
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Horizontal (east, centre, west) and vertical (bottom, middle and top) distribution study of plants as well as the study of edaphic factors were done in 2016 in Chameli Community Forest hill. Soil samples were taken from bottom, middle and top areas of east, centre and west reasons of the hill. During this study, Schima wallichi and Rhododendron arboreum were found dominant species and had less effect of edaphic factors. Similarly climber plants like Smilax aspara, Smilax lancaefolia, Smilax ovalifolia and Dioscorea bulbifera were absent in west area of top region which might be due to low content of moisture, pH, and phosphorous. Scutellaria repens, Sida cordifolia, Solanum nigrum, Tripterospermum volubile, Carex baccans, Heteropogan contortus etc. were absent in west areas of middle region which might be due to the effect of high % of sand, phosphorous and moisture content and has low % of silt, potassium and pH. Herbs are more dominant in bottom, trees in middle and shrubs in top region. The east area of bottom, middle and top region had more diverse vegetation. The average of organic matter percentage, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous content was maximum in middle hill which supports the highly diversified tree species and dense forest. Phosphorous showed the most effective factor on plant distribution. Therefore, for the proper growth, functioning and abundance of plant species, edaphic factors had a significant effect and play an important role on plant distribution.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(1): 27-37
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Spencer, Nigel. "Early Lesbos between east and west: a ‘grey area’ of Aegean archaeology." Annual of the British School at Athens 90 (November 1995): 269–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016208.
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Many previous studies of early Lesbos have tended to emphasize the famous historical figures—Alkaios, Sappho, and Pittakos—and the events surrounding them that are known from literary sources; there has been much less discussion of archaeology, and this has led to a one-dimensional picture. The sources have tended to encourage an emphasis on features of the island's archaic history which are traditionally thought of as ‘Greek’, and the true context of early civilization in the island, which had strong links to Anatolia and the east, has largely been ignored. This paper corrects the imbalance, acknowledging more fully the eastern links in the island's culture from the Bronze Age to the Archaic period and indicating that during this period Lesbos was as much an extension of Anatolia as a ‘Greek’ island.
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Dey, Santi Ranjan. "Avifauna of Patan Wetland, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND REVIEW 18 (April 30, 2019): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2019.v18.003.
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Biodiversity enumeration of ecologically sensitive species is important for estimating the general health as well as development of proper conservation plans for the entire ecosystem. ‘Patan beel’ an relatively unexplored wetland of North-West Murshidabad is located between latitude 24°2’4” North to 24°3’ 20’’North and longitude 88°1’18’’ East to 88°0’15’’ East. The approximately 500 acres wetland contains forested area, some human habitation, and low but cultivable land. The area is unique in flora and fauna composition. This study has revealed that ‘Patan beel’ contains 49 species of birds. Some of the birds are totally aquatic. Some are migratory in nature. To conserve and manage wetland resources, it is imperative to have inventory of wetlands and their aqua-resources.
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SARAVANAN, J., KISHAN SINGH RAWAT, and SUDHIR KUMAR SINGH. "Sub-Surface Investigation Using Vertical Electrical Sounding: Chennai Metropolitan Area." Current World Environment 13, no. 3 (September 22, 2018): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.3.06.
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The data or information on the sub-stratum, nature of aquifers, their spatial disposition, their hydrogeological characteristics and other information, are limited particularly in urban context. The study was performed in the Chennai metropolitan area. The objective of the study was to get the sub-surface information of the study area. The vertical electrical sounding was performed at ninety locations to identify the sub surface lithology. The Archaeans consisting of Charnockites, gneisses and dolerite occupy the southern part of the Metropolitan area. The lower portion of gondwanas belonging to the Talchir beds consist of light brown and green colored Shales occurring below the alluvium in the area between Nandanam on the east to Nandambakkam on the west. These Shales are overlying the older crystalline rocks. The lower portion of gondwanas belonging to the Talchir beds consist of light brown and green coloured Shales occurring below the alluvium in the area between Nandanam on the east to Nandambakkam on the west The Tertiary bed comprising friable white and reddish brown Sandstone occurs on the western side near Chembarambakkam and on the northwestern side between Thirunindravur and Villiwakkam. The thickness of the alluvium ranges between 5m on the southern side to a little more than 20m on the east central part of the Metropolitan area.