Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earthquakes – Nepal

Academic literature on the topic 'Earthquakes – Nepal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

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Paudyal, Pradeep. "Assessment of liquefaction susceptibility in Quaternary deposits: A case study from Jhapa Bazar area, eastern Nepal." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 59 (July 24, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v59i0.24982.

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Liquefaction is generally experienced in unconsolidated fine- grained sediments during the large earthquakes. In Nepal, the southern part of the country comprises Quaternary deposits called as Indo-Gangetic deposit. Sand and silts are dominant in this zone, where groundwater level is also relatively high. In eastern Nepal, several places have experienced ground fissures, sand boiling, and liquefaction during the large earthquakes in the past history. There are several factors including soil properties, groundwater level, grain size of sediments and ground acceleration that contribute to ground liquefaction. The eastern Nepal faced a devastating earthquake in 1934 (magnitude of 8.4), Udaypur earthquake in 1988 (magnitude of 6.6) and Sikkim-Nepal earthquake in 2011 (magnitude of 6.8) and there is still possibility of similar large earthquakes in future. Liquefaction was reported in many places during Nepal-Bihar earthquake that indicates possibility of liquefaction during similar earthquakes. Liquefaction potential values are calculated from sediment grain size, subsurface geology, groundwater level and standard penetration test (SPT)-N values. The epicenter, magnitude, and other parameters of Nepal-Bihar earthquake have been used to calculate the liquefaction potential. A liquefaction susceptibility map has been prepared in the study area that comprises low, medium, and high liquefaction potential zones. About 20% of the study area including Jhapa Bazar and its surrounding area seems highly susceptible to liquefaction.
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Dahal, Ranjan Kumar. "Earthquake-induced slope failure susceptibility in eastern Nepal." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 49, no. 1 (December 31, 2015): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v49i1.23141.

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Nepal is considered as one of the earthquake-prone countries in the region. Earthquake is a major concern of Nepal because of rapid population growth, poor land use planning, precarious settlement patterns, and poorly implemented building code. Earthquakes in Nepal have been reported since 1255 while major earthquakes were recorded in 1408, 1681, 1810, 1833, and 1866, 1934, 1980, 1988, 2011, and 2015. An earthquake in September 18, 2011 measuring 6.9 in Richter scale, killed 6 people and injured 30 people in Nepal. There were many roadside slope damages near the epicenter area. To assess the roadside slope damages after this earthquake, a field visit was conducted and a landslide inventory map along the roadside slope was prepared for most damaged area. This paper provides a comprehensive information about earthquake-induced slope failures occurred in the Mechi Highway of eastern Nepal and also discusses an approach of earthquake-induced slope failures hazard mapping in Nepal.
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Chamlagain, Deepak, Ganesh Kumar Bhattarai, and Sudhir Rajaure. "Seismic hazard assessment of eastern Nepal using 1934 and 1988 earthquakes." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 42 (September 24, 2011): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v42i0.31453.

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The Himalayan arc is widely considered as one of the hot spots in terms of earthquake disaster. Nepal, which is centrally located in the Himalayan region, has witnessed many medium to large earthquakes in the past, e.g., 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake, 19 88 Udayapur earthquake. Because of lack of income resources in rural area, considerable number of population has already migrated to the major urban areas of the country and the trend is still continued. With such population pressure and also economic constrains, major part of population is residing in weak and non-engineered structures of the unplanned urban areas. Consequently, it has put large population at high risk of earthquake disaster. It is, therefore, necessary to assess the seismic hazard so that proper mitigation measures may be adopted for the safeguard of the population, property and infrastructures under risk. In this contribution, preliminary Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) for eastern Nepal is carried out taking two point sources, i.e. 19 3 4 Bihar -Ne pal and 1988 Udayapur earthquakes. For Bihar-Nepal earthquake Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of 100 gal is computed for southeastern Nepal and exceeds as much as 350 gal near the epicenter. The 1988 Udayapur earthquake having smaller magnitude than 1934 Bihar Nepal earthquake has given maximum 300 gal of PGA. The computed intensities for both earthquakes almost correspond with the observed values. The study, for the first time, provides strong ground motion data at local level and may be useful in designing engineering structures, upgradation of building code and most importantly to formulate policy for earthquake risk management in eastern Nepal.
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Rajaure, Sudhir, and Lalu Prasad Paudel. "A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for Nepal and its adjoining region." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 56, no. 1 (June 28, 2018): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v56i1.22747.

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We have prepared a comprehensive earthquake catalogue for Nepal and its adjoining region. The catalogue contains magnitude - homogenized independent earthquakes of magnitude (Mw) between 4.0 and 8.5, which occurred between 1100 AD and 2018 AD. The catalogue contains date, time, latitude, longitude, depth, and magnitude of earthquakes, which are required in the study of seismic activity, tectonics and seismic hazard. Primary earthquake catalogues were collected from the International Seismological Centre (ISC, 2015), United States Geological Survey (USGS), which contain instrumentally recorded earthquake data and date back to 1900 AD. These primary catalogues of instrumentally recorded earthquakes were supplemented by historical earthquakes reported in published literatures, which occurred before 1900 AD. The collected primary catalogues were compiled and processed to develop a comprehensive catalogue. The developed comprehensive catalogue is expected to serve as a basic database for the study of seismic activity and seismic hazard in Nepal and its adjacent area.
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Pokharel, Yagya Raj. "Knowledge and Preparedness of Earthquake among Management Graduates in Kathmandu District of Nepal." Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 5, no. 4 (November 30, 2022): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v5i4.49925.

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Introduction: Earthquakes are one of the most deadly and unexpected natural disasters, resulting in thousands of lives and huge economic loss. Nepal is a country that experiences earthquakes on a regular basis. Previous study has shown that increasing public awareness and preparedness for future earthquakes is crucial for minimizing the number of deaths caused and property loss. To reduce the damage caused by such earthquakes, it is vital to analyze people's understanding and readiness. Purpose: The main aim of the study is to identify the Knowledge and Preparedness of Earthquake and the different between knowledge of earthquake and preparedness of earthquake among graduates in Kathmandu district of Nepal. Design/methodology/approach: The research was carried out using a descriptive design. The research involved 144 management faculty students at the bachelor's and master's level. The core data was collected via an online KoBoToolbox form. The data was analyzed using the mean and paired sample t-test. The Cronbach's Alpha value was used to assess the data's reliability. Findings: Students are well knowledgeable in earthquakes, including how to prepare and what to do in case of an earthquake. Yet, their preparations are inadequate in comparison to their knowledge. There was a significant difference between preparedness (M=3.5357, SD=0.489) and knowledge (M=3.8194, SD=0.4548), because p=0.000 which is less than .05 significant level. Originality/value: The study found that management students have a good understanding of earthquakes, but they are not well prepared for the earthquake.
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Robinson, Tom R., Nicholas J. Rosser, Alexander L. Densmore, Katie J. Oven, Surya N. Shrestha, and Ramesh Guragain. "Use of scenario ensembles for deriving seismic risk." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 41 (September 24, 2018): E9532—E9541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807433115.

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High death tolls from recent earthquakes show that seismic risk remains high globally. While there has been much focus on seismic hazard, large uncertainties associated with exposure and vulnerability have led to more limited analyses of the potential impacts of future earthquakes. We argue that as both exposure and vulnerability are reducible factors of risk, assessing their importance and variability allows for prioritization of the most effective disaster risk-reduction (DRR) actions. We address this through earthquake ensemble modeling, using the example of Nepal. We model fatalities from 90 different scenario earthquakes and establish whether impacts are specific to certain scenario earthquakes or occur irrespective of the scenario. Our results show that for most districts in Nepal impacts are not specific to the particular characteristics of a single earthquake, and that total modeled impacts are skewed toward the minimum estimate. These results suggest that planning for the worst-case scenario in Nepal may place an unnecessarily large burden on the limited resources available for DRR. We also show that the most at-risk districts are predominantly in rural western Nepal, with ∼9.5 million Nepalis inhabiting districts with higher seismic risk than Kathmandu. Our proposed approach provides a holistic consideration of seismic risk for informing contingency planning and allows the relative importance of the reducible components of risk (exposure and vulnerability) to be estimated, highlighting factors that can be targeted most effectively. We propose this approach for informing contingency planning, especially in locations where information on the likelihood of future earthquakes is inadequate.
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Karplus, Marianne S., Mohan Pant, Soma Nath Sapkota, John Nábělek, Aaron A. Velasco, Lok Bijaya Adhikari, Abhijit Ghosh, et al. "A Rapid Response Network to Record Aftershocks of the 2015 M 7.8 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 4 (May 6, 2020): 2399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190394.

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Abstract The Himalaya has experienced large damaging earthquakes over the past few centuries, most recently the damaging 25 April 2015 M 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal. Because of the continued earthquake risk presented by the continental collisional plate boundary at the Main Himalayan thrust and the high population densities in the region, collecting and processing data related to recent large earthquakes in this region is critically important for improving our understanding of the regional tectonics and earthquake hazard. Following the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, we deployed a National Science Foundation-funded rapid-response aftershock network known as the Nepal Array Measuring Aftershock Seismicity Trailing Earthquake network across the rupture area for 11 months beginning 7 weeks after the mainshock. The network consisted of 41 broadband and short-period seismometers, and 14 strong-motion sensors at 46 sites across eastern and central Nepal. The network spanned a region approximately 210 km along strike by 110 km across strike with a station spacing of 20–25 km. In this article, we report lessons learned from this deployment as well as details of the publicly accessible dataset including data recovery, data quality, and potential for future research.
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Dube, Shiva Kant. "Earthquake in Nepal: A Miserable Environmental Hazard Visited by Nature." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 5 (September 30, 2016): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v5i0.15853.

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Indian and Tibetan tectonic plates and therefore lies in a seismically active region. Historical data evidence the occurrence of destructive great earthquakes in the past. Earthquakes are caused mainly due to disequilibrium in any part of the crust of the earth. If we look at the world distribution of earthquake, it appears that the earthquake belts are closely associated with the weaker zones of the seismotectonics of the region. It is an instrument for seismic surveillance allowing a fast post-earthquake rescue operation. This paper incorporates a case of earthquake occurred in April, 2015 as one of the environmental hazards visited by nature which proved disastrous causing massive loss of lives and properties to the vulnerable regions. It can be taken as a lesson to mitigate massive loss of lives and properties selecting isostatically proper land structure and constructing safe settlements for habitat in Nepalese context.Academic Voices Vol.5 2015: 56-66
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Ghimire, Him Lal. "Tourism in Gorkha: A proposition to Revive Tourism After Devastating Earthquakes." Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education 6 (May 10, 2016): 67–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jthe.v6i0.14768.

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Gorkha, the epicenter of devastating earthquake 2015 is one of the important tourist destinations of Nepal. Tourism is vulnerable sector that has been experiencing major crises from disasters. Nepal is one of the world’s 20 most disaster-prone countries where earthquakes are unique challenges for tourism. Nepal has to be very optimistic about the future of tourism as it has huge potentials to be the top class tourist destinations by implementing best practices and services. Gorkha tourism requires a strategy that will help manage crises and rapid recovery from the damages and losses. This paper attempts to explain tourism potentials of Gorkha, analyze the impacts of devastating earthquakes on tourism and outline guidelines to revive tourism in Gorkha.Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education (Vol. 6), 2016, Pages: 67-94
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Joshi, Vishal M., and Hemant B. Kaushik. "Historic Earthquake-Resilient Structures in Nepal and Other Himalayan Regions and Their Seismic Restoration." Earthquake Spectra 33, no. 1_suppl (December 2017): 299–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/121616eqs240m.

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Since 1255, major earthquakes have struck Nepal. This article looks at the history of these earthquakes and how they impacted the region and its heritage. The recent April 2015 earthquake was characterized by the widespread destruction of historic buildings. It is worth noting that not all of the historic buildings succumbed to the earthquake. In the Kathmandu Valley, more than a handful of restored or reconstructed historic structures survived the force of the quake. Structures such as the Cyasilin Mandap, Patan Museum, 55 Windows Palace, and the south wing of the Sundari Chowk stood their ground. However, the Nepalese government would like to reconstruct the destroyed heritage using the traditional methods and materials. So what can we learn from the past? Can the past guide our future reconstruction? Is there a method that is traditional, and, at the same time, resistant to earthquakes?
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

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Örn, Mimmie, and Lindström Matilda Roempke. "“I never doubted that I made a difference” : Personal experiences from physical therapists working after the earthquakes in Nepal." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432487.

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Background:  Earthquakes and other natural disasters have increased over recent years, more people around the world are living with disabilities. The physical therapists have an important role to increase function and restore quality of life. Although it is stated that early rehabilitation intervention is an essential part of the health response there is limited information about the work and the experiences from physical therapists.  Aim: The aim of this study is to examine physical therapists’ experiences after the earthquakes in Nepal 2015.  Design: This study had a qualitative exploratory design, based on five individual semi-structured interviews using the communication platform zoom. The data was analysed by a qualitative content analysis and had an inductive approach.   Result: The physical therapists’ describes a chaotic situation, the psychological vulnerability in patients made it challenging to motivate and keep the patients focused on their rehabilitation. The huge influx of patients made it hard for the physical therapists to manage their time and led to compromised treatments and the need of early discharge of patients. The physical therapists had dual experiences about their role in the healthcare teams. There was a clear system on how to prioritize the patients based on severity of injuries. Conclusion: This study showed that physical therapists in Nepal had an important role from acute care to follow-up after the earthquakes. The study provides an insight from physical therapists in disaster settings and may contribute to identify barriers in performing their work tasks in future disaster settings.
Bakgrund: Jordbävningar och andra naturkatastrofer har ökat de senaste åren, fler människor runt om i världen lever med kvarstående funktionshinder. Fysioterapeuterna har en viktig roll genom att öka funktionen och återställa livskvaliteten hos dessa patienter. Även om det tydligt anges att en tidig rehabiliteringsinsats är en väsentlig del av arbetet finns det begränsad information om erfarenheterna från fysioterapeuter. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka fysioterapeuters erfarenheter efter jordbävningarna i Nepal 2015. Metod: Denna studie hade en kvalitativ utforskande design, baserad på fem individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer med hjälp av kommunikationsplattformen zoom. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys och hade en induktiv ansats. Resultatsammanfattning: Fysioterapeuterna beskriver en kaotisk situation, den psykologiska sårbarheten hos patienter gjorde det svårt att motivera och hålla patienterna fokuserade på deras rehabilitering. En stor tillströmning av patienter gjorde det svårt för fysioterapeuterna att hantera sin tid och detta ledde till att behandlingar behövde kompromissas och ökade behovet av tidig utskrivning av patienter. Fysioterapeuterna hade tvetydiga erfarenheter av sin roll i vårdteamet. Det fanns ett tydligt system för hur man skulle prioritera patienterna baserat på svårighetsgraden av skador. Slutsats: Denna studie visar att fysioterapeuter i Nepal hade en viktig roll för patienten efter jordbävningarna, en roll som sträcker sig från akutvården till uppföljning. Studien ger tydlig insikt i hur fysioterapeuterna upplevde sitt jobb vilket skulle kunna bidra till identifiering av hinder för fysioterapeuter i utförandet sina uppgifter vid framtida katastrofsituationer.
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Menth, Megan. "An agent-based modeling approach to assess coordination among humanitarian relief providers." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32589.

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Master of Science
Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Jessica L. Heier Stamm
Coordination between humanitarian organizations is critical during the response effort to a disaster, as coordinating aid improves efficiency, reduces duplication of efforts, and ultimately leads to better outcomes for beneficiaries. One particular challenge arises when temporary facilities must be established post-disaster due to the destruction of buildings. For example, the 2015 Nepal earthquakes created a need for the placement of over 4,000 temporary learning facilities after several school buildings were damaged or destroyed. It is important that humanitarians coordinate well to fill these needs efficiently and effectively, while maintaining equity among beneficiaries in the affected areas. This means ensuring that enough facilities are provided in a timely manner, and are distributed fairly to all in need. The goals of this thesis are to study coordination strategies focusing primarily on the placement of temporary educational facilities for children following a disaster. This research also aims to gather useful data by surveying active humanitarians in order to better understand their decisions made in the field. This work uses the results of this survey, along with publicly available data published after the 2015 Nepal earthquakes to create an agent-based simulation model, and uses the Nepal case study to demonstrate the efficacy of the model framework. This research finds that organizations' initial location of operation can greatly impact the number of facilities they are collectively able to establish, the geographic disparity across the region, and the organizations' utilization. Specifically, while focusing efforts on the districts with the most need is most efficient and effective, a more uniform approach yields a more equitable response. This work also finds that there can be a trade-off between overall effectiveness and the number of partnerships established in the field. These findings show a need for further study into the intricacies of coordination between humanitarian workers. This author advocates for the use of information sharing mechanisms among practitioners, as well as further utilization of agent-based modeling as a means of studying the complex nature of disaster response. Specifically there is a need to further study educational needs as a logistical problem, and strategies for solving the post-disaster facility location problem.
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Streule, Michael. "The structural, metamorphic and magmatic evolution of the Greater Himalayan Sequence and Main Central Thrust, Eastern Nepal Himalaya." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c7e9c6ba-0bcd-4526-903f-a48d629e0dd9.

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Field observations of the Greater Himalayan Sequence in Eastern Nepal demonstrate a ductile, highly strained package of metamorphic rocks that show extensive evidence of crustal anatexis throughout. These can be distinguished from the Lesser Himalayan sequence below by a distinct reduction in metamorphic grade, an inverted metamorphic sequence and a high strain zone corresponding to the Main Central Thrust. Metamorphic studies are combined with geochronology to demonstrate a protracted period of crustal melting followed by rapid decompression from 18.7 Ma to 15.6 Ma. A metamorphic decompression rate is quantified at c.2mm/yr during this period. This is interpreted to represent exhumation of the Greater Himalayan Sequence by a process of ductile, channelised flow from the mid-crust beneath Tibet. Below a prominent band of kyanite gneiss, previously used to locate the Main Central Thrust, but here mapped within the Greater Himalayan Sequence, partial melting is still exhibited. Here monazites are dated at 10.6 Ma. In the Lesser Himalaya below, allanites record a similar 10.1 Ma event. This implies that following channel flow during the mid-Miocene, the channel widened in the lower-Miocene to incorporate a greater structural thickness. Following these two periods of exhumation and ductile extrusion, separated in time and space, Fission Track studies indicate that much slower, erosion driven exhumation proceeded, at <1 mm/yr. This rate increases slightly in the Pliocene, most likely in response to Northern Hemisphere glaciation; no difference in exhumation is seen across the Greater Himalayan Sequence with respect to the different, earlier, phases of ductile channel flow related exhumation. These results demonstrate the episodic nature of channel flow in the Himalaya and reconcile arguments about the position of the MCT in Eastern Nepal.
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Hedman, Elina. "When Traditional Power Structures are Trembling : A qualitative analysis of aid agencies focus on gender roles and contribution to potential changes in those following the earthquakes in Nepal 2015." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-374275.

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This thesis examines how and to what extent humanitarian aid organizations strategically focus on gender roles following disasters, and how they contribute to potential changes in gender roles. The case selected for the study is Nepal after the 2015 earthquakes where the reports of four international humanitarian aid organizations were examined through a qualitative content analysis. The thesis aims to provide a contribution to the disaster risk reduction literature with a special focus on the possibilities to use disasters as catalysts for changes in traditional gender roles. As humanitarian organizations are major actors in the aftermath of disasters, the purpose is to evaluate their efforts and connect that to previous literature in the field. As a theoretical foundation two contrasting theories are incorporated in the study, the first is the idea that a disaster can be a ’window of opportunity’ for changes in gender roles whereas the other one is that vulnerable people is often left more vulnerable after a disaster due to secondary consequences, a so called double disaster.  The main findings of the study demonstrate that none of the four international humanitarian organizations incorporated a gendered perspective in their aid efforts following the earthquakes in Nepal 2015. The organizations seldom separate women from men in their reports, demonstrating an unawareness of the gender power structures at play. Few activities had a potential to empower women and the ones that did lacked a long-term perspective to enhance gender equality and lower vulnerability.
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Sapkota, Soma Nath. "Surface rupture of 1934 Bihar-Nepal Earthquake : implications for seismic hazard in Nepal Himalaya." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GLOB0012.

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Although the Main Himalayan Frontal Thrust (MHT/MFT), largest and fastest‐slipping continental megathrust, poses a major threat to the northern Indian sub‐continent, seismic hazard along it remains to be quantified. Based on historical descriptions of the two main 20th century earthquakes (1905, 1934), a consensus has emerged that neither produced surface ruptures, a view recently reinforced by paleo‐seismological investigations in which only faulting much older than 1900 was found. This leaves us with fundamental, unanswered questions (recurrence times, rupture lengths, geomorphic signature of large events), and the ominous perspective of even greater quakes with displacements in excess of 15m, potentially on par with M ≈ 9 oceanic subduction events. Knowing the precise geometry and history of earthquake ruptures along this very active fault is thus more than ever critical to assess seismic hazard in the area. To address such questions we have engaged high‐resolution geomorphic and paleo‐seismic studies of Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) in eastern Nepal. Long wavelength warping of river terraces show that late Pleistocene/Holocene deformation is well expressed across frontal folds above the thrust, which have been successfully used to determine a shortening rate on order of 2 cm/yr, but the surface trace of the MFT, where sharpest, remains the best location to document whether large earthquakes break the ground and to determine their sizes and recurrence times. Our survey of the area between the Mahara Khola and Arun/Sun Khosi valleys shows many clear outcrops with young, pristine scarps, challenging the consensus that no surface rupture took place in the 19th century. This area is also located at the centre of the region comprised entirely within the 1934 isoseismal VIII. In the valley of the Sir Khola, which crosses the northern branch of the MFT, we logged in detail a refreshed river‐cut face across the 26 m‐high cumulative thrust scarp. Newly dated charcoal samples collected in the gravel layers of an uplifted strath terrace offset by thrusts reaching the surface confirm the young age of the last event. Six distinct 14C calibrated dates indicate that the terrace was emplaced less than 250 years ago, in the 18th or early 19thcentury, and was subsequently offset by F1, with a vertical throw of ≈ 1. 5 m (≈ 3 m of slip). This same terrace is offset again by another fault at the base of the main scarp. Since no other large earthquake than the Bihar‐Nepal event was recorded locally in the 19th and 20th century, it must be concluded that the Sir Khola rivercut exposes the first unambiguous surface trace ever found of the 1934 earthquake. Similarly, a trench excavated 30 m east of the Natural river‐cut shows two events approximately 700 years apart. We thus interpret the great 1934 earthquake to be a repeat of the 1255 AD event that destroyed Kathmandu. Other charcoal ages in lower fluvial units of the footwall rapidly jump to 3000 years BP, and to older ages just below (up to 7000 yrs), nearly at the same level as that of the present river. This implies that stratigraphic section is missing, but also that there has been no significant longterm incision by the river just south of the thrust. In the Charnath Khola area, the dating of different uplifted terraces on the MFT hanging‐wall, and of one on the footwall, supports our findings at the Sirkhola and Ratu Nadi. Here, the 14‐16 m high Tintale terrace, whose age is only 1‐1. 25 kyr, appears to have been uplifted by at least two events (possibly three) with 4‐5m of vertical coseismic throw in each event since its abandonment. 14C dating of the lowest hanging‐wall terrace (≈ 4 m‐high) in Tintale creek, which was abandoned less than three centuries ago supports the existence of the 1934 rupture. Geophysical surveys including three shallow seismic profiles and Electrical Resistivity Tomographic (ERT) sections, ≈ 1. 5 km‐long each, in the Charnath, Sirkhola and Ratu Valleys, and one Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) profile at Thapatol near Bardibas, add invaluable information at various depths, complementing our morpho‐tectonic interpretation of the area. In particular, the seismic profiles shot across the MFT image well the shallow part of the thrust‐plane down to ≈ 400mepth. To our knowledge, at least in Nepal, this is the first effort of this kind to study the MFT at such detailed scale in combination with paleo‐seismological trenching.
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Thapa, Magar Asha. "Enlightening Dark Tourism in Nepal." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404606/.

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This study aims to examine the motivation, experience and benefits of Nepalese domestic tourists visiting the seismic memorial sites after the 25 April 2015 earthquake (known as Gorkha earthquake). A total of 403 surveys was gathered from seismic sites of Nepal (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patan). Data were tested to analyze why the tourists are interested in disaster sites and how their experience during their visit impact the benefits of the visits. Additionally, partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationships among tourist motivations, experiences, and perceived benefits at the dark tourism sites in Nepal. Among the five motivational factors discovered, the empirical results depict that emotional reaction is the strongest factor of the dark tourism motivation, affecting both cognitive and affective experiences. Additionally, this study confirms that cognitive experience is more influenced by dark tourism motivations than affective experience. Among the four experience factors examined in the study, self-reflection is found to have the strongest impact of three aspects of perceived dark tourism benefits, such as knowledge gain, fulfillment, and appreciation. Overall, the findings of the study provide important implications to the management sectors of dark tourism sites, enhancing the importance of providing cognitive experiences (i.e. distributing the educational materials about the dark tourism events and offering the knowledgeable tour guide who can guide the sites) and affective experience of the tourists (storytelling about the events, organizing educational and volunteering programs at the sites). Further, this study contributes to the limited literature in the context of dark tourism and provide important managerial and practical implications based on the case of Nepal earthquake in 2015.
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Raju, Poudel. "Characterization and Management of Disasters Waste：Case of Gorkha Earthquake Nepal." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242916.

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Vuper, Ailie Marie. "Case Study: Settlement at Nepal Hydropower Dam during the 2014-2015 Gorkha Earthquake Sequence." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102890.

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The Tamakoshi Dam in Nepal experienced 19 cm of settlement due to three earthquakes that took place from December 14, 2014 to May 12, 2015. This settlement caused massive damage and halted construction and was believed to have been caused by seismic compression. Seismic compression is the accrual of contractive volumetric strain in sandy soils during earthquake shaking for cases where the generated excess pore water pressures are low. The purpose of this case study is to investigate the settlements of the dam intake block relative to the right abutment block of the dam during the three earthquakes. Towards this end, soil profiles for the dam were developed from the boring logs and suites of ground motions were selected and scaled to be representative of the shaking at the base of the dam for the two of the three earthquakes which were well documented. Equivalent linear analysis was completed for the suites of ground motions to produce shear strain time histories which were then utilized in the Jiang et al. (2020) proposed procedure for seismic compression prediction. The results were found to not align with the settlement that was observed in the field, so post-liquefaction consolidation was also considered to be a possible cause of the settlement. The results from that analysis also showed that consideration of post-liquefaction consolidation did not yield settlements representative of those observed in the field. More detailed studies are recommended to assess the settlements that were observed at the dam site, particularly analyses that take into account below and above grade topographic effects on the ground motions and settlements at the ground surface.
Master of Science
The Tamakoshi Dam in Nepal experienced 19 cm of settlement due to three earthquakes that took place from December 14, 2014 to May 12, 2015. This settlement caused massive damage and halted construction and was believed to have been caused by seismic compression. Seismic compression is the accrual of contractive volumetric strain in sandy soils during earthquake shaking for cases where the generated excess pore water pressures are low. The purpose of this case study is to investigate the settlements of the dam intake block relative to the right abutment block of the dam during the three earthquakes. Representative soil profiles were developed based on data collected from the site for analysis of the settlement. Two approaches were used to compute predicted settlement, one which considered only seismic compression as the cause of settlement and a hybrid method that considered both seismic compression and post-liquefaction consolidation. Both approaches predicted settlement values that were less than what was observed in the field. It was found that the ground motion prediction equations used in the analysis were not representative of the tectonic setting in Nepal and thus was the main reason for the under-prediction. The relevance of this research lies in using methodology developed in academia to analyze a real world event and draw conclusions about the methodology's applicability.
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Bhattarai, Sailesh. "Factors Determining Progress of Disaster Recovery Among the Earthquake Affected Population in Nepal." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/87687.

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This mixed-method study examined the disaster recovery process with the help of a sample survey on 744 disaster-affected households, over 36 in-depth interviews, two focus group discussions, and several informal conversations to identify the factors impacting recovery. The study concludes that community resilience and factors, such as caste hierarchy system, household economy, receipt of house grants, the trust held towards the government, and geographical vulnerability played a vital role in the recovery after a disaster in Nepal.
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Nakata, Hana. "The effectiveness of youth participation in post-disaster responses: The case of the 2015 Nepal earthquake." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-421007.

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Focusing on the rising attention towards including the local population in humanitarian action, this study demonstrates how youth participation can produce effective results in a humanitarian response, making use of the post-disaster response to the 2015 Nepal earthquake as a case study. The research was intended to investigate the specific factors that enable youth participation to produce effective results in humanitarian programming, examining the methods that organisations used to involve youth, the benefits and challenges that arose from the process, and how effectiveness could be measured for the purpose of qualitative analysis. After constructing a conceptual framework around the key themes of the study, the thesis analysed the findings from 3 in-depth semi-structured interviews with informants from Restless Development Nepal, an organisation that actively involved youth volunteers in its emergency response. The activities which included these youth volunteers, most notably those that involved working closely with the local community through community mobilisation, benefitted from three main qualities embodied by the volunteers, these being their availability, flexibility and embeddedness within their own localities. The prior expertise of the implementing organisation in working with youth was another factor contributing to the programme outputs, as they possessed the social network and resources necessary to quickly train and mobilise the volunteers. The effectiveness of youth participation, which was measured not only through an examination of the programme results, but also through an assessment of how well the participatory activities managed to achieve the intended purposes of participation discussed in theoretical texts, revealed the possibility of youth participation in humanitarian responses to contribute to improving operational functions while still leading to self-empowerment and inner growth. The actual capacity of each organisation to include youth in their responses, however, is a defining factor in the methods in which youth may be able to use their inherent capabilities to contribute to the effectiveness of any operation.
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Books on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

1

Quaking cantos: Nepal earthquake poems. New Delhi: Nirala Publications, 2016.

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The great earthquake in Nepal (1934 A.D.). Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar, 2013.

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Pacific, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Asia and the. Everest trembled: lessons learned from the Nepal earthquake response: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, first session, May 20, 2015. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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Shrestha, Chandra Bahadur. Building Back Better After the 2015 Nepal Earthquake. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6676-7.

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Pacific, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Asia and the. To direct the president to develop a strategy to obtain observer status for Taiwan in the International Criminal Police Organization, and for other purposes; and expressing deepest condolences to and solidarity with the people of Nepal following the devastating earthquake on April 25, 2015: Markup before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, first session on H.R. 1853 and H. Res. 235, May 20, 2015. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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Lampropoulos, Andreas, ed. Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.

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<p>Recent earthquakes have demonstrated that despite the continuous developments of novel materials and new strengthening techniques, the majority of the existing structures are still unprotected and at high seismic risk. The repair and strengthening framework is a complex process and there are often barriers in the preventative upgrade of the existing structures related to the cost of the applications and the limited expertise of the engineers. The engineers need to consider various options thoroughly and the selection of the appropriate strategy is a crucial parameter for the success of these applications.</p><p>The main aim of this collection is to present a number of different approaches applied to a wide range of structures with different characteristics and demands acting as a practical guide for the main repair and strengthening approaches used worldwide. This document contains a collection of nine case studies from six different countries with different seismicity (i.e. Austria, Greece, Italy, Mexico, Nepal and New Zealand). Various types of structures have been selected with different structural peculiarities such as buildings used for different purposes (i.e. school buildings, town hall, 30 storey office tower), a bridge, and a wharf. Most of the examined structures are Reinforced Concrete structures while there is also an application on a Masonry building. For each of the examined studies, the local conditions are described followed by the main deficiencies which are addressed. The methods used for the assessment of the in-situ conditions also presented and alternative strategies for the repair and strengthening are considered.</p>
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Symposium on Seismology, Earthquake Hazard Assessment, and Risk Management (2002 Kathmandu, Nepal). Symposium on Seismology, Earthquake Hazard Assessment, and Risk Management: Held in conjunction with the fourth General Assembly of the Asian Seismological Commission : 24-26 November, 2002, Kathmandu, Nepal. Kathmandu: National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal, 2002.

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Natural disasters.: Planning and relief in Nepal. New Delhi: Library of Congress Office, 2002.

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India, Geological Survey of, ed. Bihar-Nepal earthquake, August 20, 1988 =: Bihāra-Nepāla bhūkampa, Agasta 20, 1988. Calcutta: Geological Survey of India, 1993.

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Impacts and Insights of Gorkha Earthquake. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

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Nikku, Bala Raju, Bishwash Nepali, and Hemnath Khatiwada. "Earthquakes of Nepal." In The Routledge International Handbook of Indigenous Resilience, 285–99. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003048428-24.

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Schneider, Volker, and Antje Witting. "Earthquake Preparedness Policy in Nepal." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 303–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_20.

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Abe, Shinro, Daisuke Higaki, and Kazunori Hayashi. "The Role of Translational Landslides in the Evolution of Cuesta Topography." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 149–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_10.

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AbstractIn recent years, large-scale earthquakes such as the 2004 Mid-Niigata Prefecture Earthquake in Japan and the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan have caused rockslides on the back slopes of cuestas. These rockslides in cuestas appear not only in earthquakes but also during rainfalls. This study focuses on the rockslides on cuesta’s back slopes. From field surveys in Japan, Taiwan, Switzerland, and Nepal, we extracted geological, structural, and morphological features common to them. We examined the relationships between these features and triggers, such as pore pressure increases and earthquakes. The majority of landslides initially occur as primary landslides; the forms of these masses then change gradually over a long period. However, our results show that landslides on cuesta’s back slopes slide over and over along the same laminar rock joints and thus hardly change their landscape essence. We demonstrate that rockslides on cuesta’s back slopes play a vital role in the evolution of cuesta landscapes.
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Manhart, Christian. "Nepal Post Earthquake Cultural Heritage Rehabilitation." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 95–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_6.

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Fothergill, Alice, and Emma Squier. "Women and Children in the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 253–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_16.

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Kruhl, Jörn H. "Directions and Avenues of Geotourism—With Particular View to Nepal." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 229–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_15.

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Thapa, Prem Bahadur. "Analysis of Landslides Triggered by the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake, Nepal." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 45–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_3.

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Stein, Seth, Edward M. Brooks, Bruce D. Spencer, and Mian Liu. "Should All of Nepal Be Treated as Having the Same Earthquake Hazard?" In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 27–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_2.

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Joshi, Ganesh R., and Narayan B. Joshi. "Economic Loss from Earthquake in Nepal and Strategies for Recovery and Resilience Building." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 195–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_13.

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Guragain, Ramesh, Surya Narayan Shrestha, Dev Kumar Maharjan, and Suman Pradhan. "Lessons from Building Damage Patterns During April 25, 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal." In Living Under the Threat of Earthquakes, 79–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68044-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

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Dagar, M., and B. Sharma. "Response of Nepal Earthquake and its Associated Earthquakes Using Strong Ground Motion Data Recorded in Uttar Pradesh." In 78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2016. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201600913.

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Okumura, Koji, Prakash Pokhrel, Soma Nath Sapkota, and Hisao Kondo. "POTENTIAL OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN CENTRAL NEPAL: HIMALAYAN FRONT AND KATHMANDU BASIN." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-336204.

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Dahal, Swaechchha, Thomas Øyvang, Gunne John Hegglid, Shailendra Kumar Jha, and Bhupendra Bimal Chhetri. "Himalayan Run-Off River Power Generation Modelling for Power Security in Evolving Weather Conditions." In 63rd International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2022, Trondheim, Norway, September 20-21, 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp192022.

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Extreme black-swan occurrences like earthquakes, glacial lake outbursts, flash floods, landslides, etc. are important concerns in Himalayan countries like Nepal, which are highly susceptible, geologically active, and exquisitely fragile. Nepal generates 97 percent of its electricity from hydropower, where 56.08 percent of it is coming from seasonal run-off-river (RoR) hydro plants. Landslides and mudflows are common in the monsoon, and low discharge is common in the winter season. These RoR plants must be able to withstand high-impact events like earthquakes and lengthy droughts in order for the Nepalese grid to remain secure. This study gives a presentation and overview of previously occured natural hazards in Nepal related to hydropower plants. In particular, the 2014 Sunkoshi landslide and the 2021 Melamchi flood are evaluated as extreme events and their impacts on hydropower plant has been studied. In addition, an in-depth investigation on a ROR plant is carried out. Moreover, the water discharge and extreme rainfall peaks in time series data is evaluated using an ARIMA-based model. This paper shows the feasibility of predicting the energy produced by a run-off river hydropower plant. The purpose is to forecast discharge and hence the ROR power generation with the aim to facilitate the hydropower operators for their availability declaration which will again help in the overall energy planning. The results are discussed together with performance metrics, and indicates that the implemented technique is promising.These predictions can be further used for planning and estimating the power generation on a more complex level.
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SMALL, TIMOTHY. "ASSESSMENT AND PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN OF THE STRENGTHENING OF EXISTING STRUCTURES FOLLOWING THE 2015 NEPAL EARTHQUAKES." In ERES 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eres170061.

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Naim, Fawz, and Mrinal Kanti Mukherjee. "USE OF FAULT DISPLACEMENT VECTOR TO IDENTIFY FUTURE ZONES OF SEISMICITY: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE EARTHQUAKES OF NEPAL HIMALAYAS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-301896.

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Saharia, Navanath. "Detecting emotion from short messages on Nepal earthquake." In 2015 International Conference on Speech Technology and Human-Computer Dialogue (SpeD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sped.2015.7343089.

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Yu, Ma, Deng Zhongxin, Xu Tong, Hu Yanli, and Zhu Mengyan. "Coseimic Ionospheric Disturbance Stastic Analysis of 2015 Nepal Earthquake." In 2021 13th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isape54070.2021.9753293.

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Su, Yue, Ziyi Lan, Yu-Ru Lin, Louise K. Comfort, and James Joshi. "Tracking Disaster Response and Relief Following the 2015 Nepal Earthquake." In 2016 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Collaboration and Internet Computing (CIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cic.2016.075.

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Lim, B. J. M., and E. C. Leong. "Characteristics of Landslides Induced by the 25 April 2015 M7.8 Nepal Earthquake." In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics V. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481462.007.

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Ayoubi, Peyman, Domniki Asimaki, and Kami Mohammdi. "Basin Effects in Strong Ground Motion: A Case Study from the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake." In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics V. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481462.028.

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Reports on the topic "Earthquakes – Nepal"

1

Pandey, Bishnu, Carlos E. Ventura, and Terry Moser. Development of Earthquake Emergency Response Plan for Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu, Nepal. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575618.

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Young, Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec Zahuranec, Michelle Winowatan Winowatan, and Stefaan G. Verhulst Verhulst. LEVERAGING TELECOM DATA TO AID HUMANITARIAN EFFORTS: Lessons learned from the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal. GovLab, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.40381.

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Samsonov, S. V., and M. Czarnogorska. Ground deformation produced by 2015 M7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal and mapped with RADARSAT-2 DInSAR. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/297443.

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Rasul, G., B. Sharma, B. Mishra, N. Neupane, T. Dorji, M. Khadka, and S. Joshi. Strategic Framework for Resilient Livelihoods in Earthquake-Affected Areas of Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2015/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.611.

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Rasul, G., B. Sharma, B. Mishra, N. Neupane, T. Dorji, M. Khadka, and S. Joshi. Strategic Framework for Resilient Livelihoods in Earthquake-Affected Areas of Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2015/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.611.

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