Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earthquake theory

Academic literature on the topic 'Earthquake theory'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Wan, Hai Tao, and Qing Mei Kong. "Research on Performance-Based Design Theory." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1684.

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Three level seismic fortification theory is seismic design theory of the bearing capacity,which can not really realize that no damage under minor earthquake, repairable under moderate earthquake and no collapsing under strong earthquake. In order to overcome this deficiency, American earthquake engineering and structural engineering experts have profound conclusion after the previous earthquakes, improved bearing capacity design method, put forward the theory of performance-based design.Firstly,the origin of performance-based design theory is introduced in the paper.Secondly,the main content of performance-based design theory is illustrated,which include Earthquake Hazard Levels,performance levels of building structure,target building performance levels and performance- based design methods.Finally,the paper pointes out that performance-based design theory has attracted extensive attention of Chinese researchers and engineering designer,a series of research work has been carried on,and some achievement has been made.
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McBrearty, Ian W., Joan Gomberg, Andrew A. Delorey, and Paul A. Johnson. "Earthquake Arrival Association with Backprojection and Graph Theory." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 109, no. 6 (October 8, 2019): 2510–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120190081.

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Abstract The association of seismic‐wave arrivals with causative earthquakes becomes progressively more challenging as arrival detection methods become more sensitive, and particularly when earthquake rates are high. For instance, seismic waves arriving across a monitoring network from several sources may overlap in time, false arrivals may be detected, and some arrivals may be of unknown phase (e.g., P or S waves). We propose an automated method to associate arrivals with earthquake sources and obtain source locations applicable to such situations. To do so, we use a pattern detection metric based on the principle of backprojection to reveal candidate sources followed by graph‐theory‐based clustering and an integer linear optimization routine to associate arrivals with the minimum number of sources necessary to explain the data. This method solves for all sources and phase assignments simultaneously, rather than in a sequential greedy procedure as is common in other association routines. We demonstrate our method on both synthetic and real data from the Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile seismic network of northern Chile. For the synthetic tests, we report results for cases with varying complexity, including rates of 500 earthquakes/day and 500 false arrivals/station/day, for which we measure true positive detection accuracy of >95%. For the real data, we develop a new catalog between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2017 containing 817,548 earthquakes, with detection rates on average 279 earthquakes/day and a magnitude‐of‐completion of M∼1.8. A subset of detections are identified as sources related to quarry and industrial site activity, and we also detect thousands of foreshocks and aftershocks of the 1 April 2014 Mw 8.2 Iquique earthquake. During the highest rate of aftershock activity, >600 earthquakes/day are detected in the vicinity of the Iquique earthquake rupture zone.
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Poirier, Jean-Paul. "Electrical earthquakes: A short-lived theory in the 18th century." Earth Sciences History 35, no. 2 (January 1, 2016): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6178-35.2.283.

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As soon as it was shown that thunderstorms were due to electricity, it became obvious for many physicists that earthquakes, which, as Pliny said, were subterranean thunderstorms, must be electrical phenomena. Despite some opposition, the ‘system of electricity’ became the fashionable theory of earthquakes, in the second half of the 18th century. Its proponents insisted on the idea that only electrical discharges could explain that earthquake shocks propagated instantaneously over large distances. A majority of the Italian philosophers attributed the disastrous 1783 Calabrian earthquake to electricity. When electrostatic machines and Leiden jars gave way to Voltaic piles, in the beginning of the 19th century, the ‘system of electricity’ rapidly disappeared.
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Thurber, Clifford H. "Nonlinear earthquake location: Theory and examples." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 75, no. 3 (June 1, 1985): 779–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0750030779.

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Abstract A fundamental modification to Geiger's method of earthquake location for local earthquakes is described which incorporates nonlinear behavior of travel time as a function of source position. The use of Newton's method rather than the usual Gauss-Newton method allows the inclusion of second-order partial derivatives of travel time with respect to source coordinates in the location algorithm. These second-order derivatives can be calculated quite easily for half-space and layered crustal models. Expected benefits are improved convergence and stability, as demonstrated in a series of examples, and more realistic assessment of solution uncertainty.
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Wang, Kai, and Kuan Liu. "Prediction of Mining Step in Strong Mine Earthquake Based on Grey System Theory." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.594.

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Mine earthquake is one of induced earthquakes caused by mining activities. When strong mine earthquake happens, the propagation process of seismic waves have enormous energies, which will make dynamic load pulse impulsion for coal seams and roadways strongly, as the result, the coal would collapse and throw out coal-rock mass dynamically, moreover, it would evoke impulsion pressure which could cause casualties.
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Zimbidis, Alexandros A., Nickolaos E. Frangos, and Athanasios A. Pantelous. "Modeling Earthquake Risk via Extreme Value Theory and Pricing the Respective Catastrophe Bonds." ASTIN Bulletin 37, no. 01 (May 2007): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.37.1.2020804.

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The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, to analyze the historical data of the earthquakes in the boarder area of Greece and then to produce a reliable model for the risk dynamics of the magnitude of the earthquakes, using advanced techniques from the Extreme Value Theory. Secondly, to discuss briefly the relevant theory of incomplete markets and price earthquake catastrophe bonds, combining the model found for the earthquake risk and an appropriate model for the interest rate dynamics in an incomplete market framework. The paper ends by providing some numerical results using Monte Carlo simulation techniques and stochastic iterative equations.
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Zimbidis, Alexandros A., Nickolaos E. Frangos, and Athanasios A. Pantelous. "Modeling Earthquake Risk via Extreme Value Theory and Pricing the Respective Catastrophe Bonds." ASTIN Bulletin 37, no. 1 (May 2007): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0515036100014793.

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The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, to analyze the historical data of the earthquakes in the boarder area of Greece and then to produce a reliable model for the risk dynamics of the magnitude of the earthquakes, using advanced techniques from the Extreme Value Theory. Secondly, to discuss briefly the relevant theory of incomplete markets and price earthquake catastrophe bonds, combining the model found for the earthquake risk and an appropriate model for the interest rate dynamics in an incomplete market framework. The paper ends by providing some numerical results using Monte Carlo simulation techniques and stochastic iterative equations.
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Men, Kepei. "Research on Prediction of Three Great Earthquakes During the Beginning of the 21st Century in the Northern Xizang Plateau." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 66, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2011): 681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2011-0028.

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The northern Xizang Plateau is a main seismic zone inWest China. Since 1700, M ≥ 7 earthquakes have had an obvious commensurability and orderliness in this region. The main ordered values are 106∼107a, 77∼78a, 53∼54a, 26∼27a, 11∼12a, and 3∼4a. According to the information forecasting theory ofWen-BoWeng (W. B.Weng, Fundamentals of Forecasting Theory. Petroleum Industry Press, Beijing 1984 (in Chinese)), combining ordered analysis with complex network technology, we try to explore the practical method for M ≥ 7 earthquake prediction with Chinese characteristics, and build a informational ordered network structure of M ≥7 earthquakes in the northern Xizang Plateau. In this paper, we study the prediction of three great earthquakes (the 2001 Kunlunshan M8.1, the 2008Wenchuan M8.0, and the 2010 M7.1 Yushu earthquake) during the beginning of the 21st century based on the method of ordered network structure, and give many famous earthquake examples in China and abroad. Meanwhile, the cause of formation about the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake has been discussed primarily. At last, we present some new prediction opinions: the future M ≥7 earthquakes will happen in 2014 - 2015, 2026 - 2027, and 2030 pre and post in this region. The results show that this method has a unique effect on moderate term and long term prediction for great earthquakes.
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Wanliss, J., V. Muñoz, D. Pastén, B. Toledo, and J. A. Valdivia. "Critical behavior in earthquake energy dissipation." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 2, no. 2 (April 17, 2015): 619–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-2-619-2015.

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Abstract. We explore bursty multiscale energy dissipation from earthquakes flanked by latitudes 29 and 35.5° S, and longitudes 69.501 and 73.944° W (in the Chilean central zone). Our work compares the predictions of a theory of nonequilibrium phase transitions with nonstandard statistical signatures of earthquake complex scaling behaviors. For temporal scales less than than 84 h, time development of earthquake radiated energy activity follows an algebraic arrangement consistent with estimates from the theory of nonequilibrium phase transitions. There are no characteristic scales for probability distributions of sizes and lifetimes of the activity bursts in the scaling region. The power-law exponents describing the probability distributions suggest that the main energy dissipation takes place due to largest bursts of activity, such as major earthquakes, as opposed to smaller activations which contribute less significantly though they have greater relative occurrence. The results obtained provide statistical evidence that earthquake energy dissipation mechanisms are essentially "scale-free," displaying statistical and dynamical self-similarity. Our results provide some evidence that earthquake radiated energy and directed percolation belong to a similar universality class.
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Teisseyre, R. "New earthquake rebound theory." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 39, no. 1 (June 1985): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(85)90110-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Sachs, Michael Karl. "Earthquake Scaling, Simulation and Forecasting." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3646390.

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Earthquakes are among the most devastating natural events faced by society. In 2011, just two events, the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christcurch New Zealand on February 22, and the magnitude 9.0 Tōhoku earthquake off the coast of Japan on March 11, caused a combined total of $226 billion in economic losses. Over the last decade, 791,721 deaths were caused by earthquakes. Yet, despite their impact, our ability to accurately predict when earthquakes will occur is limited. This is due, in large part, to the fact that the fault systems that produce earthquakes are non-linear. The result being that very small differences in the systems now result in very big differences in the future, making forecasting difficult. In spite of this, there are patterns that exist in earthquake data. These patterns are often in the form of frequency-magnitude scaling relations that relate the number of smaller events observed to the number of larger events observed. In many cases these scaling relations show consistent behavior over a wide range of scales. This consistency forms the basis of most forecasting techniques. However, the utility of these scaling relations is limited by the size of the earthquake catalogs which, especially in the case of large events, are fairly small and limited to a few 100 years of events.

In this dissertation I discuss three areas of earthquake science. The first is an overview of scaling behavior in a variety of complex systems, both models and natural systems. The focus of this area is to understand how this scaling behavior breaks down. The second is a description of the development and testing of an earthquake simulator called Virtual California designed to extend the observed catalog of earthquakes in California. This simulator uses novel techniques borrowed from statistical physics to enable the modeling of large fault systems over long periods of time. The third is an evaluation of existing earthquake forecasts, which focuses on the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models (RELM) test: the first competitive test of earthquake forecasts in California.

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Hill, John C. "Building in the earthquake zone : American antifoundational theory." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261013.

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Green, P. "Vector fields and Thurston's theory of earthquakes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383789.

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Shaikhutdinov, Rustem V. "Structural damage evaluation : theory and applications to earthquake engineering /." Pasadena : California Institute of Technology, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, 2004. http://caltecheerl.library.caltech.edu.

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Haji, Akbari Fini Siavash. "Theory and simulation of electromagnetic dampers for earthquake engineering applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57068.

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The present study develops applications of electromagnetic devices in Civil Engineering. Three different types of electromagnetic system are investigated through mathematical and numerical models. Chapter 3 deals with Coil-Based Electromagnetic Damper (CBED). CBEDs can operate as passive, semi-active and active systems. They can also be considered as energy harvesting systems. However, results show that CBEDs cannot simultaneously perform as an energy harvesting and vibration control system. In order to assess the maximum capacity of CBEDs, an optimization is conducted. Results show that CBEDs can produce high damping density only when they are considered as a passive vibration control system. Chapter 4 deals with the development of a novel Eddy Current Damper (ECD). The eddy current damper uses permanent magnets arranged in a circular manner to create a strong magnetic field, where specially shaped conductive plates are placed between the permanent magnets to cut through the magnetic fields. Detailed analytical equations are derived and verified using the finite element analysis program Flux. The verified analytical models are used to optimize the damper design to reach the maximum damping capacity. The analytical simulation shows that the proposed eddy current damper can provide a high damping density up to 2,733 kN-s/m⁴. The Hybrid Electromagnetic Damper (HEMD) are developed and designed in Chapter 5. The idea is to couple the CBED and ECD with the aim of designing a semi-active, active and energy harvesting electromagnetic damper. The simulation results show that it is feasible to manufacture hybrid electromagnetic dampers for industrial applications.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Asgary, Ali. "Assessing the economic benefits of earthquake risk mitigation measures." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307920.

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Karadeniz, Ece. "Ground motion sensitivity analyses for the greater St. Louis Metropolitan area." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Karadeniz_09007dcc805a5fb0.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed June 5, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-132).
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Stathas, Alexandros. "Numerical modeling of earthquake faults." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ECDN0053.

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Lors d’un glissement sismique, l’énergie libérée par la décharge élastique des blocs de terre adjacente peut être séparée en trois parties principales : L’énergie qui est rayonnée à la surface de la terre (_ 5% du budget énergétique total), l’énergie de fracture pour la création de nouvelles surfaces de faille et enfin, l’énergie dissipée à l’intérieur d’une région de la faille, d’épaisseur finie, que l’on appelle le “fault gouge ". Cette région accumule la majorité du glissement sismique. Estimer correctement la largeur de fault gouge est d’une importance capitale pour calculer l’énergie dissipée pendant le séisme, le comportement frictionnel de la faille et les conditions de nucléation de la faille sous la forme d’un glissement sismique ou asismique.Dans cette thèse, approches différentes de régularisation ont été explorées pour l’estimation de la largeur de localisation de la zone de glissement principal de la faille pendant le glissement cosmique. Celles-ci comprennent l’application de la viscosité et des couplages multiphasiques dans le continuum classique de Cauchy, et l’introduction d’un continuum micromorphe de Cosserat du premier ordre. Tout d’abord, nous nous concentrons sur le rôle de la régularisation visqueuse dans le contexte des analyses dynamiques, en tant que méthode de régularisation de la localisation des déformations. Nous étudions le cas dynamique d’un continuum de Cauchy classique adoucissant à la déformation et durcissant à la vitesse de déformation. En appliquant l’analyse de stabilité de Lyapunov, nous montrons que l’introduction de la viscosité est incapable d’empêcher la localisation de la déformation sur un plan mathématique et la dépendance de du maillage des éléments finis.Nous effectuons des analyses non linéaires en utilisant le continuum de Cosserat dans le cas de grands déplacements par glissement sismique de fault gouge par rapport à sa largeur. Le continuum de Cosserat nous permet de rendre compte de l’énergie dissipée pendant un séisme et du rôle de la microstructure dans l’évolution de la friction de la faille. Nous nous concentrons sur l’influence de la vitesse de glissement sismique sur le mécanisme d’assidument frictionnel de la pressurisation thermique. Nous remarquons que l’influence des conditions aux limites dans la diffusion du fluide interstitiel à l’intérieur de fault gouge, conduit à une reprise du frottement après l’affaiblissement initial. De plus, un mode de localisation de déformation en mouvement est présent pendant le cisaillement de la couche, introduisant des oscillations dans la réponse du frottement. Ces oscillations augmentent le contenu spectral du séisme. L’introduction de la viscosité dans le mode ci-dessus, conduit à un comportement de "rate and state" sans l’introduction d’une variable interne. Nos conclusions sur le rôle de la pressurisation thermique pendant le cisaillement de fault gouge sont en accord qualitatif avec les nouveaux résultats expérimentaux disponibles. Enfin, sur la base des résultats numériques, nous étudions les hypothèses du modèle actuel de glissement sur un plan mathématique proposent à la littérature. Le rôle des conditions aux limites et du mode de localisation des déformations dans l’évolution du frottement de la faille pendant le glissement sismique. Le cas d’un domaine délimité et d’un mode de localisation de la déformation en mouvement est examiné dans le contexte d’un glissement sur un plan mathématique sous pressurisation thermique. Nos résultats étoffent le modèle original dans un contexte plus général
During coseismic slip, the energy released by the elastic unloading of the adjacent earth blocks can be separated in three main parts: The energy that is radiated to the earth’s surface (_ 5% of the whole energy budget), the fracture energy for the creation of new fault surfaces and finally, the energy dissipated inside a region of the fault, with finite thickness, which is called the fault gauge. This region accumulates the majority of the seismic slip. Estimating correctly the width of the fault gauge is of paramount importance in calculating the energy dissipated during the earthquake, the fault’s frictional response, and the conditions for nucleation of the fault in the form of seismic or aseismic slip.In this thesis different regularization approaches were explored for the estimation of the localization width of the fault’s principal slip zone during coseismic slip. These include the application of viscosity and multiphysical couplings in the classical Cauchy continuum, and the introduction of a first order micromorphic Cosserat continuum. First, we focus on the role of viscous regularization in the context of dynamical analyses, as a method for regularizing strain localization. We study the dynamic case for a strain softening strain-rate hardening classical Cauchy continuum, and by applying the Lyapunov stability analysis we show that introduction of viscosity is unable to prevent strain localization on a mathematical plane and mesh dependence.We perform fully non linear analyses using the Cosserat continuum under large seismic slip displacements of the fault gouge in comparison to its width. Cosserat continuum provides us with a proper account of the energy dissipated during an earthquake and the role of the microstructure in the evolution of the fault’s friction. We focus on the influence of the seismic slip velocity to the weakening mechanism of thermal pressurization. We notice that the influence of the boundary conditions in the diffusion of the pore fluid inside the fault gouge, leads to frictional strength regain after initial weakening. Furthermore, a traveling strain localization mode is present during shearing of the layer introducing oscillations in the frictional response. Such oscillations increase the spectral content of the earthquake. Introduction of viscosity in the above mode, leads to a rate and state behavior without the introduction of a specific internal state variable. Our conclusions about the role of thermal pressurization during shearing of the fault gouge, agree qualitatively with newly available experimental results.Finally, based on the numerical findings we investigate the assumptions of the current model of a slip on a mathematical plane, in particular the role of the boundary conditions and strain localization mode in the evolution of the fault’s friction during coseismic slip. The case of a bounded domain and a traveling strain localization mode are examined in the context of slip on a mathematical plane under thermal pressurization. Our results expand the original model in a more general context
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Yin, Can. "Exploring the underlying mechanism of load/unload response ratio theory and its application to earthquake prediction /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19121.pdf.

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De, Witt Corn e. Juan. "Investigating the threshold of event detection with application to earthquake and operational risk theory." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79227.

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This study provides systematic analysis of points of structural change in probability distributions. In observed frequency data of earthquakes, such a threshold exists due to the non-detection of events below a certain magnitude. By examining the factors in uencing the operational risk exposure of institutions, a similar threshold is hypothesized to exist in operational loss data. In both elds of study, this threshold is termed the threshold of completeness, above which 100% of events are de- tected. External factors have caused this level of completeness to shift over time for earthquake data. The level of complete recording in uences the volume of data that can be consistently incorporated in a study of seismic activity. Such data can be used by re-insurers and direct writers of catastrophe agreements who deal in seismic hazard. Historically, a variety of methods have been proposed by authors in an attempt to gauge the location of the threshold of completeness in earthquake data. This study aims to evaluate the e cacy of some of the most prominent methods under di ering assumptions regarding the incomplete portion of the data. Furthermore, a new threshold estimation scheme (MITC) is developed and tested against the prevailing methods. Additionally, earthquake data and the wealth of literature will aid in introductory analysis and assessing applicability of esti- mation techniques in the context of operational losses.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Actuarial Sciences
MSc
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Books on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Armouti, Nazzal S. Earthquake engineering: Theory and implementation. 2nd ed. Country Club Hills, IL: International Code Council, 2008.

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Sitharam, T. G., Sreevalsa Kolathayar, Ravi S. Jakka, and Vasant Matsagar, eds. Theory and Practice in Earthquake Engineering and Technology. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2324-1.

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V, Piluso, ed. Theory and design of seismic resistant steel frames. London: E & FN Spon, 1996.

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Chopra, Anil K. Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007.

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Chopra, Anil K. Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007.

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Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2012.

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Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1995.

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Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000.

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Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007.

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Naeim, Farzad. Design of seismic isolated structures: From theory to practice. New York: John Wiley, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Gardiner, Frederick, and Nikola Lakic. "Earthquake mappings." In Quasiconformal Teichmüller Theory, 337–55. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/076/18.

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Madariaga, Raul. "Earthquake Source Theory." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10475-7_62-1.

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Madariaga, Raul. "Earthquake Source Theory." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 224–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58631-7_62.

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Hooper, Andrew. "InSAR and A-InSAR: Theory." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_220-1.

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Hooper, Andrew. "InSAR and A-InSAR: Theory." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1171–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_220.

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Ueda, Kyohei. "Large Deformation (Finite Strain) Analysis: Theory." In Developments in Earthquake Geotechnics, 367–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62069-5_17.

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Aydan, Ömer. "Waves and theory of wave propagation." In Earthquake Science and Engineering, 33–54. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003164371-3.

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Kokusho, Takaji. "Site Response: Comparison Between Theory and Observation." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_20-1.

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Kokusho, Takaji. "Site Response: Comparison Between Theory and Observation." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 3295–308. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_20.

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Kelly, James M. "Extension of Theory to Buildings." In Earthquake-Resistant Design with Rubber, 61–76. London: Springer London, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0971-6_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Luan, Lubao, Xuanming Ding, Hongyu Qin, Changjie Zheng, and Jie Cao. "Comparison Studies for the Horizontal Dynamic Response of a Pipe Pile Based on the Euler Theory and Timoshenko Theory." In International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482049.050.

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Meng, Yanqiu, Peiqing Wang, Fuhai Zhang, and Shuaijie Guo. "Application of Modified Terzaghi Theory in Deposited Sediment Consolidation." In Second International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413128.003.

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Xu, Tong, Zhensen Wu, Jian Wu, Yanli Hu, and Yucheng Suo. "Anomalous enhancement of the ionospheric TEC before Haiti earthquake on 12 January 2010." In EM Theory (ISAPE - 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isape.2010.5696539.

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Hvatov, Alexander, and Sergey Sorokin. "FLOQUET THEORY ANALYSIS OF A WEAKLY NON-LINEAR PERIODIC STRUCTURE." In 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120119.7159.19401.

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Pisapia, Alessandro, and Elide Nastri. "PROBABILISTIC THEORY OF PLASTIC MECHANISM CONTROL: DESIGN AND SEISMIC ASSESSMENT." In 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120119.7219.19982.

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Chen, Yi, Jinkui Zhang, and Jiaxin He. "Research on application of earthquake prediction based on chaos theory." In 2010 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Integrated Systems (ICISS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciss.2010.5657126.

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Liang, X. D., Q. X. Xiang, C. M. Liu, and M. Wang. "Measurement of Post-earthquake Reconstruction System based on Synergy Theory." In International Workshop on Environmental Management, Science and Engineering. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007559302320239.

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Wen, Yong, Guanghua Yang, Zhihui Zhong, Xudong Fu, and Yucheng Zhang. "A Similar Cam-clay Model for Sand Based on the Generalized Potential Theory." In Second International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413128.020.

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Manconi, Elisabetta, Sergey Sorokin, and Rinaldo Garziera. "WAVE PROPAGATION IN POLAR PERIODIC STRUCTURES USING FLOQUET THEORY AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS." In 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120119.7158.19000.

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Moutsopoulou, A. J., A. D. Pouliezos, and G. E. Stavroulakis. "IMPLEMENTATION OF ROBUST CONTROL THEORY IN SMART STRUCTURE DESIGN USING FREQUENCY DOMAIN DATA." In 5th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120115.3628.1195.

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Reports on the topic "Earthquake theory"

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Bent, A. L., and P. Voss. Seismicity in the Labrador-Baffin Seaway and surrounding onshore regions. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321857.

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Studying earthquakes in Baffin Bay and the surrounding regions is challenging. There is no knowledge of earthquake activity in this region prior to 1933 when a moment magnitude (MW) 7.4 earthquake occurred in Baffin Bay. With improved instrumentation, increased seismograph coverage in the north, and modern analysis techniques, knowledge and understanding of earthquakes in the Baffin region is improving. Active seismic zones include Baffin Bay, the east coast of Baffin Island, and the Labrador Sea, separated by areas of low seismicity. Focal-mechanism solutions show a mix of faulting styles, predominantly strike-slip and thrust. Regional stress-axes orientations show more consistency, which suggests that activity is occurring on previously existing structures in response to the current stress field. There is little correlation between earthquake epicentres in Baffin Bay and mapped structures. Glacial isostatic adjustment may be a triggering mechanism for earthquakes in the Baffin region, but modelling efforts have yielded equivocal results.
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Bent, A. L. A revised moment magnitude catalog of eastern Canada's largest earthquakes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329612.

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Although there are many scales used to calculate earthquake magnitude, moment magnitude is currently considered the preferred magnitude scale for use in seismic hazard assessment in Canada. Historically, moment magnitude was not determined for eastern Canadian earthquakes although it has been routinely calculated for earthquakes of approximately magnitude 4.0 and greater, on regional magnitude scales, for the last decade. Thus, most moment magnitudes for eastern Canadian earthquakes must be obtained by converting from another magnitude scale or from felt information. This paper provides a moment magnitude catalog for the largest earthquakes in eastern Canada and vicinity. The study derives moment magnitudes for some events but also makes use of values from the published literature. Earthquakes are assessed individually using all available sources of information. The resulting catalog provides moment magnitudes for 254 events. Three additional events were evaluated but removed from the catalog as it is highly questionable whether they were earthquakes.
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Lamontagne, M., P. Archambault, and S. Halchuk. Macroseismic information for the seven largest moderate earthquakes of the Charlevoix seismic zone, Quebec, between 1870 and 2021: February 3, 1902, M 4.5; September 30, 1924, M 5.2; January 08, 1931, M 4.9; October 19, 1939, M 5.3; October 14, 1952, M 4.5; August 19, 1979, M 4.8; March 6, 2005, M 4.7. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329135.

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This Open File Report provides the available macroseismic information for the seven largest moderate earthquakes that occurred in the Charlevoix Seismic Zone between 1870 and 2021. These earthquakes and their moment magnitude (M) are: 1) February 3, 1902, M 4.5; 2) September 30, 1924, M 5.2; 3) January 08, 1931, M 4.9; 4) October 19, 1939, M 5.3; 5) October 14, 1952, M 4.5; 6) August 19, 1979, M 4.8; 7) March 6, 2005, M 4.7. Five, possibly six, of these seven earthquakes occurred in the northeast portion of the CSZ, where the largest event of the period, the 1925 M 6.2 earthquake, also occurred. For each locality where the earthquakes were felt, macroseismic information is given and interpreted on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. The original mail questionnaires filled by postmasters for earthquakes no. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are lost. Consequently, the main sources of information are the newspaper accounts except for no. 7 for which web-based questionnaires are available. The macroseismic information from localities in Canada and in the US (from NOAA) are tabulated in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Most newspaper clippings that have macroseismic information are included. The Open File also provides Google Earth kmz files that allow the felt information reports to be viewed in a spatial tool.
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Andrabi, Tahir, Benjamin Daniels, and Jishnu Das. Human Capital Accumulation and Disasters: Evidence from the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2020/039.

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We trace the effects of a devastating earthquake that occurred in Northern Pakistan in 2005. Using a new dataset from a survey conducted four years after the earthquake, we first show that the distance of the household from the fault line was not correlated with pre-existing household characteristics, while it was strongly predictive of earthquake-related damage and mortality. Through emergency relief aid, households living close to the fault line reported receiving substantial cash compensation that amounted to as much as 150% of their annual household consumption expenditure. Four years after the earthquake, there were no differences in public infrastructure, household or adult outcomes between areas close to and far from the fault line. However, children in their critical first thousand days at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, with the youngest the most affected. Children aged 3 through 15 at the time of the earthquake did not suffer growth shortfalls, but scored significantly worse on academic tests if they lived close to the fault line. Finally, children whose mothers completed primary education were fully protected against the emergence of a test score gap. We estimate that if these deficits continue to adult life, the affected children could stand to lose 15% of their lifetime earnings. Even when disasters are heavily compensated, human capital accumulation can be critically interrupted, with greater losses for already disadvantaged populations.
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Visser, R., H. Kao, R. M. H. Dokht, A. B. Mahani, and S. Venables. A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for northeastern British Columbia: the northern Montney trend from 2017 to 2020 and the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area from 2019 to 2020. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329078.

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To increase our understanding of induced seismicity, we develop and implement methods to enhance seismic monitoring capabilities in northeastern British Columbia (NE BC). We deploy two different machine learning models to identify earthquake phases using waveform data from regional seismic stations and utilize an earthquake database management system to streamline the construction and maintenance of an up-to-date earthquake catalogue. The completion of this study allows for a comprehensive catalogue in NE BC from 2014 to 2020 by building upon our previous 2014-2016 and 2017-2018 catalogues. The bounds of the area where earthquakes were located were between 55.5°N-60.0°N and 119.8°W-123.5°W. The earthquakes in the catalogue were initially detected by machine learning models, then reviewed by an analyst to confirm correct identification, and finally located using the Non-Linear Location (NonLinLoc) algorithm. Two distinct sub-areas within the bounds consider different periods to supplement what was not covered in previously published reports - the Northern Montney Trend (NMT) is covered from 2017 to 2020 while the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area (KSMMA) is covered from 2019 to 2020. The two sub-areas are distinguished by the BC Oil & Gas Commission (BCOGC) due to differences in their geographic location and geology. The catalogue was produced by picking arrival phases on continuous seismic waveforms from 51 stations operated by various organizations in the region. A total of 17,908 events passed our quality control criteria and are included in the final catalogue. Comparably, the routine Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) catalogue reports 207 seismic events - all events in the CNSN catalogue are present in our catalogue. Our catalogue benefits from the use of enhanced station coverage and improved methodology. The total number of events in our catalogue in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 62, 47, 9579 and 8220, respectively. The first two years correspond to seismicity in the NMT where poor station coverage makes it difficult to detect small magnitude events. The magnitude of completeness within the KSMMA (ML = ~0.7) is significantly smaller than that obtained for the NMT (ML = ~1.4). The new catalogue is released with separate files for origins, arrivals, and magnitudes which can be joined using the unique ID assigned to each event.
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Ackerley, N., A. L. Bird, M. Kolaj, H. Kao, and M. Lamontagne. Procedures for seismic event type discrimination at the Canadian Hazards Information Service. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329613.

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Within a catalogue of seismic events, it is necessary to distinguish natural tectonic earthquakes from seismic events due to human activity or other natural processes. This becomes very important when the data are incorporated into models of seismic hazard, since natural and anthropogenic events follow different recurrence and scaling laws. This document outlines a two-step procedure whereby first, a most likely event type is identified, and second, confirmation or refutation is sought. The procedure is intended to be compatible with current and past practices at the Canadian Hazards Information Service and the Geological Survey of Canada in assigning event types in the National Earthquake Database (NEDB). Furthermore, this document presents a new nomenclature and coding system for event types and their certainty, one that is compatible with QuakeML. Detailed classification criteria are given for all common event types; for rare event types, only definitions and examples are given.
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Terzic, Vesna, and William Pasco. Novel Method for Probabilistic Evaluation of the Post-Earthquake Functionality of a Bridge. Mineta Transportation Institute, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1916.

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While modern overpass bridges are safe against collapse, their functionality will likely be compromised in case of design-level or beyond design-level earthquake, which may generate excessive residual displacements of the bridge deck. Presently, there is no validated, quantitative approach for estimating the operational level of the bridge after an earthquake due to the difficulty of accurately simulating residual displacements. This research develops a novel method for probabilistic evaluation of the post-earthquake functionality state of the bridge; the approach is founded on an explicit evaluation of bridge residual displacements and associated traffic capacity by considering realistic traffic load scenarios. This research proposes a high-fidelity finite-element model for bridge columns, developed and calibrated using existing experimental data from the shake table tests of a full-scale bridge column. This finite-element model of the bridge column is further expanded to enable evaluation of the axial load-carrying capacity of damaged columns, which is critical for an accurate evaluation of the traffic capacity of the bridge. Existing experimental data from the crushing tests on the columns with earthquake-induced damage support this phase of the finite-element model development. To properly evaluate the bridge's post-earthquake functionality state, realistic traffic loadings representative of different bridge conditions (e.g., immediate access, emergency traffic only, closed) are applied in the proposed model following an earthquake simulation. The traffic loadings in the finite-element model consider the distribution of the vehicles on the bridge causing the largest forces in the bridge columns.
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Plourde, A. P., and J. F. Cassidy. Mapping tectonic stress at subduction zones with earthquake focal mechanisms: application to Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330943.

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Earthquake focal mechanisms have contributed substantially to our understanding of modern tectonic stress regimes, perhaps more than any other data source. Studies generally group focal mechanisms by epicentral location to examine variations in stress across a region. However, stress variations with depth have rarely been considered, either due to data limitations or because they were believed to be negligible. This study presents 3D grids of tectonic stress tensors using existing focal mechanism catalogs from several subduction zones, including Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. We bin data into 50 x 50 x 10 km cells (north, east, vertical), with 50% overlap in all three directions. This resulted in 181380 stress inversions, with 90% of these in Japan (including Nankai). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first examination of stress changes with depth in several of these regions. The resulting maps and cross-sections of stress can help distinguish locked and creeping segments of the plate interface. Similarly, by dividing the focal mechanism catalog in northern Japan into those before and those >6 months after the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, we are able to produce detailed 3D maps of stress rotation, which is close to 90° near the areas of highest slip. These results could inform geodynamic rupture models of future megathrust earthquakes in order to more accurately estimate slip, shaking, and seismic hazard. Southern Cascadia and Nankai appear to have sharp stress discontinuities at ~20 km depth, and northern Cascadia may have a similar discontinuity at ~30 km depth. These stress boundaries may relate to rheological discontinuities in the forearc, and may help us unravel how forearc composition influences subduction zone behaviour and seismic hazard.
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Akter, Sonia, Talitha Fauzia Chairunissa, Madhavi Pundit, and Marcel Schroder. A Gender-Sensitive Earthquake Recovery Assessment Using Administrative and Satellite Data: The Case of Indonesia’s 2016 Aceh Earthquake. Asian Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220590-2.

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This study assesses the medium-term recovery of women at the village level after the 2016 Aceh earthquake and explains how satellite and administrative data can be used to better identify how to target assistance after a disaster. The study finds that, in the medium term, some aspects of women’s welfare can significantly deteriorate after a disaster even when the affected villages have generally made economic progress. The authors explain how they developed the Women’s Welfare after Disaster Index and how they used nighttime radiance imaging data to gauge the broader economic recovery. They outline an easily replicable way of combining datasets of high and low frequency to assess medium-term recovery more accurately at the village level.
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Sánchez- Sesma, Francisco José, Hiroshi Kawase, and Joseline Mena Negrete. Working Paper PUEAA No. 5. The collaboration between Mexico and Japan in earthquake engineering and seismology. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.003r.2022.

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Despite their remoteness from each other, Japan and Mexico share a critical characteristic: the seismic hazard. In the past, both nations have been hit by great earthquakes that have caused serious human and material losses. Although the prediction of earthquakes is not yet possible, the development of early warning systems and their constant innovation is a priority, especially the studies of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral relationship of microseisms, which can help the study and understanding of earthquakes’ nature, as well as their impact on infrastructure. It is for mutual benefit to Japan and Mexico that cooperation between university institutions specialized in seismological studies increases to jointly create study and innovation mechanisms.
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