Books: 'Early second millennium'

1

A, Carpenter Joel, Gordon A. J. 1836-1895, and Blackstone, W. E. b. 1841., eds. The Premillennial Second Coming: Two early champions. New York: Garland Pub., 1988.

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2

International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East (6th : 2008 : Rome, Italy), ed. Looking north: The socioeconomic dynamics of northern Mesopotamian and Anatolian regions during the late third and early second millennium BC. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012.

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3

Metals from K2 and Mapungubwe, middle Limpopo Valley: A technological study of early second millennium material culture, with an emphasis on conservation. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2014.

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4

Gadotti, Alhena, and Alexandra Kleinerman. Elementary Education in Early Second Millennium BCE Babylonia. Penn State University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781646021802.

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5

Forgotten cities on the Indus: Early civilization in Pakistan from the eighth to the second millennium BC. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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6

Hutter-Braunsar, Sylvia, and Manfred Hutter. Economy of Religions in Anatolia and Northern Syria: From the Early Second to the Middle of the First Millennium BCE. Ugarit-Verlag, 2019.

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7

Economy of Religions in Anatolia and Northern Syria: From the Early Second to the Middle of the First Millennium Bce. Ugarit Verlag, 2019.

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8

Steadman, Sharon. The Early Bronze Age on the Plateau. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0010.

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This article presents data on the Early Bronze Age (EBA) of the Anatolian plateau. The EBA on the plateau has been identified as a period of “urbanization,” or at least the age in which complex society emerged, including the rise of an extensive trade network, established by the second half of the third millennium BCE. Chalcolithic period interregional trade with regions as far afield as Transcaucasia and possibly southeastern Europe was strengthened by connections ranging across the plateau, stretching into the Aegean, and southeastward to northern Mesopotamia and beyond. Monumental architecture appears, and metallurgy not only serves to change the utilitarian household assemblage but also becomes an important indicator of wealth and social position.

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9

Özbaşaran, Mihriban. The Neolithic on the Plateau. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0005.

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This article compiles data on the ninth-to-sixth-millennium-BCE communities of the central Anatolian plateau, underscoring the distinctive features of each of them in chronological order and deliberately avoiding the traditional phase terminology of the Neolithic. The data presently display local adaptations of central Anatolian Neolithic communities to their diverse habitats. In the ninth and early eighth millennia BCE, sedentism and a heavy reliance on naturally occurring resources constituted the way of life on the plateau. Full farming villages developed toward the second half of the eighth millennium, and settlements with specialized objectives seem to have been established in the seventh millennium. Although the picture was surely not that simplistic or linear, the article provides an overall look at the neolithization of the plateau.

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10

Frangipane, Marcella. Arslantepe-Malatya: A Prehistoric and Early Historic Center in Eastern Anatolia. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0045.

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This article discusses findings from excavations at Arslantepe–Malatya. Arslantepe is a tell about 4.5 hectares in extension and 30 meters high, at the heart of the fertile Malatya Plain, some 12 kilometers from the right bank of the Euphrates, and surrounded by mountains, which, in the past, were covered by forests. In the earliest phases of its history, in the Chalcolithic period, it had close links with the Syro-Mesopotamian world, with which it shared many cultural features, structural models, and development trajectories. But in the early centuries of the third millennium BCE, far-reaching changes took place in the site that halted the development of the Mesopotamian-type centralized system and reoriented Arslantepe's external relations toward eastern Anatolia and Transcaucasia. A further radical change occurred in the second millennium BCE, when the site interacted with the rising Hittite civilization, which exerted a strong influence on it. But it was with the Late Bronze I and, more evidently, Late Bronze II, that the expanding Hittite state, which expanded as far as the banks of the Euphrates, imposed its cultural and political domination over the populations in the Malatya region, heralding another important stage in the history of Arslantepe.

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11

Roodenberg, Jacob. Ilipinar: A Neolithic Settlement in the Eastern Marmara Region. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0044.

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This article discusses findings from excavations at Ilıpınar, whose environment was advantageous for an economy based on crop cultivation and stock breeding. Founded at the start of the sixth millennium BCE as a settlement with a handful of houses centered around a spring, it gradually expanded into a village covering one hectare until it was deserted 500 years later. Afterward the mound was used as a burial ground in the second quarter of the fourth millennium BCE (Late Chalcolithic), the second quarter of the third millennium BCE (Early Bronze Age), and in the sixth–seventh centuries CE (Early Byzantine). Moreover there were traces of ephemeral habitation during these intervals. The total occupation deposit measured more than seven meters, the total surface nearly three hectares.

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12

Bryce, Trevor. The Late Bronze Age in the West and the Aegean. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0015.

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This article presents data on western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age, wherein it was the homeland of a wide range of states and population groups. The most important and most powerful of these was a group of kingdoms that are attested in Hittite texts as the Arzawa Lands. Most scholars associate the development of these kingdoms with Luwian-speaking populations who had occupied large parts of Anatolia from (at least) the early second millennium BCE. The most enduring link between Anatolia's Late Bronze Age civilizations and their first-millennium-BCE successors is provided by the Lukka people, one of the Luwian-speaking population groups of southwestern Anatolia. They were almost certainly among the most important agents for the continuity and spread of Luwian culture in southern Anatolia throughout the first millennium BCE.

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13

Higham, Charles F. W. Farming, social change, and state formation in Southeast Asia. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.23.

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Farming in Southeast Asia is dominated two major crops, rice and millet, and domestic pigs, cattle, water buffalo, chickens, and dogs. The domestication of these species took place in China, and the first farmers began to settle Southeast Asia in the early second millennium bc. They integrated with the indigenous hunter-gatherers, and were heavily reliant not only on their crops and domestic animals, but also on hunting, gathering, and fishing. An agricultural revolution took place during the Iron Age, involving plough agriculture in permanent fields. Ownership of improved land would have stimulated the rise of social elites and dependent craft specialists, factors underlying the rapid formation of early states.

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14

Emberling, Geoff, and Bruce Beyer Williams, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190496272.001.0001.

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The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia presents fifty-five studies by specialists in the archaeology and history of a large region in Africa, centered on the Middle Nile from Aswan to the confluence of the two Niles, extending from the Red Sea to the modern western borders of Sudan and Egypt. The volume is divided into three parts, the first dealing with the historiographical background and environment, the second, largest part tracing the careers of cultures, people, states, and empires from the Paleolithic to the early modern period, and the third, presenting topics interest in industry, society, and Nubian history in modern Sudan. While there were major cultural continuities in this vast region, including ancient Kush, which in different forms continued from the third millennium BCE well into the first millennium CE, there were many other peoples active and dwelling in the area. Such a complex region requires a diversity of scholars to provide a comprehensive introduction to Nubia.

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15

Schniedewind, William M. The Finger of the Scribe. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190052461.001.0001.

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The Finger of the Scribe shows how ancient Israelite scribes learned to read and write. It demonstrates that early alphabetic curriculum developed at the end of the second millennium, while Egypt still ruled over Canaan and scribes used cuneiform as a lingua franca. This political and social context provides the background for the emergence of early alphabetic literacy in Israel. Using comparisons from Mesopotamia and Egypt, archaeological evidence, and fresh interpretations of old and new Hebrew inscriptions, this book pieces together the early Israelite scribal education. A basic principle in scribal literacy was the adaptation of their education for doing their day-to-day work as well as for the emergence of new literary genres. In this way, The Finger of the Scribe illustrates the many ways in which scribal education shaped the writing of the Hebrew Bible itself.

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16

Pattern and Progress: Field Systems of the Second and Early First Millennia BC in Southern Britain. British Archaeological Reports Limited, 2013.

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17

US GOVERNMENT. Educating our children with technology skills to compete in the next millennium : Joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology of the Committee on Science and the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth, and Families of the Committee Education and the Workforce, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, March 24, 1998. For sale by the U.S. G.P.O., Supt. of Docs., Congressional Sales Office, 1998.

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18

Ivor, Roberts. Book I Diplomacy in General, 1 Diplomacy—a Short History from Pre-Classical Origins to the Fall of the Berlin Wall. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739104.003.0001.

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This chapter provides the historical context underpinning this study. It elaborates on the definition of the term ‘diplomacy’—the conduct of business between States by peaceful means—at the same time dispelling misconceptions regarding the term, as well as discussing its origins. Aside from that, the chapter largely focuses on a historical background of diplomacy as a whole, beginning from the earliest practices of sending emissaries to open negotiations. These origins may in fact go back at least as far as the Great Kings of the Ancient Near East in the second, and possibly even as early as the late fourth millennium BC, to the cuneiform civilizations of Mesopotamia. From there, the chapter maps out this history through the Renaissance period to the beginnings of classical European diplomacy, and later on to the two World Wars and the post-war world.

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19

Potts, Charlotte R., ed. Architecture in Ancient Central Italy. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108955232.

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Architecture in Ancient Central Italy takes studies of individual elements and sites as a starting point to reconstruct a much larger picture of architecture in western central Italy as an industry, and to position the result in space (in the Mediterranean world and beyond) and time (from the second millennium BC to Late Antiquity). This volume demonstrates that buildings in pre-Roman Italy have close connections with Bronze Age and Roman architecture, with practices in local and distant societies, and with the natural world and the cosmos. It also argues that buildings serve as windows into the minds and lives of those who made and used them, revealing the concerns and character of communities in early Etruria, Rome, and Latium. Architecture consequently emerges as a valuable historical source, and moreover a part of life that shaped society as much as reflected it.

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20

Garnett, George. The Norman Conquest in English History. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198726166.001.0001.

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This study pursues a central theme in English historical thinking—the Norman Conquest—over seven centuries. This first volume, which covers more than half a millennium, explains how and why the experience of the Conquest prompted both an unprecedented campaign in the early twelfth century to write (or create) the history of England, and to excavate (and fabricate) pre-Conquest English law. It traces the treatment of the Conquest in English historiography, legal theory and practice, and political argument through the middle ages and early modern period. It shows that during this period jurisprudence and legal practice became more important than historical writing in preserving the Conquest as a subject of interest. It concludes with an examination of the dispersal of these materials from libraries consequent on the dissolution of the monasteries, and the attempts made to rescue, edit, and print many of them in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. This preservation of what had been written for the most part in the early twelfth century enabled the Conquest to become still more contested in the constitutional cataclysms of the seventeenth century than it had been in the eleventh and twelfth. The seventeenth-century resurrection of the Conquest will be the subject of a second volume.

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21

Kennedy, Melissa, ed. A Land in Between. Sydney University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/sup.9781743327180.

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The Orontes Valley in western Syria is a land ‘in between’, positioned between the small trading centres of the coast and the huge urban agglomerations of the Euphrates Valley and the Syro-Mesopotamian plains beyond. As such, it provides a critical missing link in our understanding of the archaeology of this region in the early urban age. A Land in Between documents the material culture and socio-political relationships of the Orontes Valley and its neighbours from the fourth through to the second millennium BCE. The authors demonstrate that the valley was an important conduit for the exchange of knowledge and goods that fuelled the first urban age in western Syria. This lays the foundation for a comparative perspective, providing a clearer understanding of key differences between the Orontes region and its neighbours, and insights into how patterns of material and political association changed over time.

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22

Perspectives on Early Andean Civilization in Peru: Interaction, Authority, and Socioeconomic Organization During the First and Second Millennia B. C. Yale University Press, 2020.

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23

Laursen, Steffen, and Piotr Steinkeller. Babylonia, the Gulf Region, and the Indus: Archaeological and Textual Evidence for Contact in the Third and Early Second Millennia B.C. (Mesopotamian Civilizations). Eisenbrauns, 2017.

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24

Wang, Orrin N. C. Techno-Magism. Fordham University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823298471.001.0001.

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Techno-Magism: Media, Mediation, and the Cut of Romanticism explores how British Romantic literature abuts against and is organized around a topos of both print and non-print media. These themes and motifs involve not only the print, pictorial art, and theater of early nineteenth-century England and Europe but also communicative technologies invented after the British Romantic period, either during the Victorian age or sometime during the twentieth century, such as photography, film, video, and digital screens. The awareness in Techno-Magism of this proleptic abutting points to one way we can understand the implicit exceptionality wagered by reading Romanticism through media studies and media theory. In a word, both media studies and the concept of mediation in general can benefit from a more robust confrontation with, or recovery of, the arguments of deconstruction, an unavoidable consequence of thinking about the relationship between Romanticism and media in the eight essays collected here. The essays in Techno-Magism think that relationship through the non-dialectical, catachrestic practice of a techno-magism, and further organize themselves around two other ideas: the structural incommensurability of the cut and the unapologetic presentism of the constellation. Bearing the historical moment of their writing, the second decade of this millennium, where so much of thought and planetary existence labors under the latest phase of late capitalism, oligarchic capital, the essays also explore the continuity between the social character of Romantic and post-Romantic media, in terms of commodity culture, revolution, and the ecological devastation of the anthropocene.

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25

Loney, Alexander C., and Stephen Scully, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Hesiod. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190209032.001.0001.

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This volume brings together twenty-nine junior and senior scholars to discuss aspects of Hesiod’s poetry and its milieu and to explore questions of reception over two and half millennia, from shortly after the poems’ conception to Twitter hashtags. Rather than an exhaustive survey of Hesiodic themes, the Handbook is conceived as a guide through terrain, some familiar, other less charted, examining both Hesiodic craft and later engagements with Hesiod’s stories of the gods and moralizing proscriptions of just human behavior. The volume is divided into four sections: “Hesiod in Context,” “Hesiod’s Art,” “Hesiod in the Greco-Roman Period,” and “Hesiod from Byzantium to Modern Times.” Topics of the chapters range from the “Hesiodic question” to the archaeology and economic history of archaic Boiotia, to Hesiod and Indo-European poetics, and from discussions of style to Hesiod’s vision of the supernatural in the Theogony, to questions of performer and audience interactions in the Works and Days. Looking at both poems together, other chapters explore tensions between diachronic and synchronic temporalities and varying portrayals of female figures. Reception studies range from Solon to comic books, with chapters in between on Hesiod and the pre-Socratics, Orphism, archaic art, Pindar, tragedy, comedy, Plato, Hellenistic poetry, Hellenistic philosophy, Virgil and the Georgic tradition, Ovid, Second Sophistic and early Christian authors in the Greco-Roman period, Byzantine and Renaissance writers and editions, Christian humanism and Milton, Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Nietzsche, Freud and structuralism, and contemporary art and literature in postclassical times.

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Books on the topic 'Early second millennium'

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