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Journal articles on the topic 'Early onset dementia'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Panegyres, Peter K., Simon R. Davles, and Carmela F. Connor. "Early‐onset dementia." Medical Journal of Australia 173, no. 5 (September 2000): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb125651.x.

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2

Konijnenberg, Elles, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Mara ten Kate, Maria Eriksdotter, Philip Scheltens, Peter Johannsen, Gunhild Waldemar, and Pieter Jelle Visser. "Early-Onset Dementia." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 31, no. 2 (2017): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wad.0000000000000152.

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3

Picard, Candice, Florence Pasquier, Olivier Martinaud, Didier Hannequin, and Olivier Godefroy. "Early Onset Dementia." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 25, no. 3 (2011): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wad.0b013e3182056be7.

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4

Bearbi, S., and L. Ali Pacha. "Early onset dementia." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 405 (October 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.203.

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5

Jefferies, Kate, and Niruj Agrawal. "Early-onset dementia." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 15, no. 5 (September 2009): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.107.004572.

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SummaryDementia is is stereotypically associated with older people. However, in a significant minority it can affect people in their 40s and 50s, or even younger. Currently there is a lack of awareness, even among healthcare professionals, and there is a dearth of appropriate services for such patients. Despite the attention given to this condition by National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines, provision of specialist early-onset dementia services in the UK remains patchy. Carers and patients often find themselves being passed ‘from pillar to post’ between psychiatry and neurology, and also between adult, old age and liaison psychiatry. The responsibility for identifying available and appropriate help is often left with carers. This leads to unnecessary delays, causes undue distress to patients and places an added burden on carers.

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Elhusein, Bushra, Omer Bakri Mahgoub, and Abdalla Khairi. "Early-onset dementia: diagnostic challenges." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 3 (March 2020): e233460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-233460.

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A 56-year-old man was brought to our hospital by his family, seeking medical treatment for the patient’s long-standing progressive word-finding difficulties, forgetfulness, agitation and social withdrawal. After multiple previous physician consultations, the patient was mistakenly diagnosed with epilepsy and prescribed multiple anticonvulsants, to which his above mentioned symptoms were unresponsive. His condition progressed over the next 10 years, resulting in severe cognitive impairments and a complete dysfunctionality. An electroencephalogram (EEG) assessment revealed persistent spike and wave activity in the left temporal lobe. Brain MRI revealed multiple small bright T2 and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) foci within the white matter of both cerebral hemispheres surrounding the ventricular system, as well as some widening of extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid spaces. The patient was finally diagnosed with early-onset dementia and temporal lobe epileptiform abnormalities. This case emphasises the need for diagnostic consideration of dementia in cognitively impaired patients, even when they are not of an advanced age.

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7

MIYOSHI, Koho. "What is ‘early onset dementia’?" Psychogeriatrics 9, no. 2 (June 2009): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2009.00274.x.

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8

McMurtray, Aaron, David G. Clark, Dianne Christine, and Mario F. Mendez. "Early-Onset Dementia: Frequency and Causes Compared to Late-Onset Dementia." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 21, no. 2 (2006): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000089546.

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9

Tjong, Elysia, William McHugh, and Yen-Yi Peng. "Reversible dementia: subclinical seizure in early-onset dementia." Clinical Case Reports 5, no. 3 (February 6, 2017): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.843.

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10

Coolidge, Frederick L., Bruce M. Peters, Ruby E. Brown, Terri L. Harsch, and Tom G. Crookes. "Validation of a WAIS Algorithm for the Early Onset of Dementia." Psychological Reports 57, no. 3_suppl (December 1985): 1299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.3f.1299.

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A WAIS algorithm was developed to distinguish between the onset of dementia and depression. Seven WAIS subtests were given to 148 patients whose diagnosis was doubtful. They were classified after a minimum of 1 yr. later as dementia ( n = 50) or as depression ( n = 98). The algorithm, developed from a discriminant function analysis, indicates dementia if the Vocabulary scaled score is greater than or equal to double the Block Design scaled score. The algorithm predicted 74% of the dementias and 74.5% of the depressions, for an over-all prediction rate of 74.3% (110 of 148 cases). These results indicate that the algorithm, if cross-validated, may be a useful adjunctive diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of early dementia from depression.

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11

Kirshner, Howard S. "Early-Onset Dementia: A Multidisciplinary Approach." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 64, no. 11 (November 15, 2003): 1397–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v64n1117a.

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12

Podell, Kenneth, and Karen Torres. "Affective Symptoms in Early-Onset Dementia." Neurologic Clinics 29, no. 1 (February 2011): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.009.

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13

Ganguli, Mary. "Early-Onset Dementia: A Multidisciplinary Approach." American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 12, no. 3 (May 2004): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019442-200405000-00013.

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14

Ganguli, M. "Early-Onset Dementia: A Multidisciplinary Approach." American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 12, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajgp.12.3.331.

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15

LYKETSOS, CONSTANTINE G. "Early-Onset Dementia: A Multidisciplinary Approach." American Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 1 (January 2003): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.195.

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16

Takao, Masaki, Bernardino Ghetti, Hirotaka Yoshida, Pedro Piccardo, Yolanda Narain, Jill R. Murrell, Ruben Vidal, et al. "Early-onset Dementia with Lewy Bodies." Brain Pathology 14, no. 2 (April 2004): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2004.tb00046.x.

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17

Rademakers, Rosa, Marc Cruts, and Christine Van Broeckhoven. "Genetics of Early-Onset Alzheimer Dementia." Scientific World JOURNAL 3 (2003): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.39.

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Alzheimer�s dementia (AD) is the most common degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Although the onset of dementia is above 65 years of age in the majority of the patients (late-onset AD, LOAD), a small subgroup of patients develops AD before 65 years of age (early-onset AD, EOAD). To date 3 genes responsible for EOAD have been identified: the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and presenilin 2 (PSEN2). PSEN1 is the most frequently mutated EOAD gene with a mutation frequency of 18 to 50% in autosomal dominant EOAD. In addition, the e4 allele of the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (APOE) was identified as a risk factor for both LOAD and EOAD. Many studies reported other susceptibility genes, but the APOE?4 alelle has been the only risk factor that was consistently replicated in all AD populations. Extensive cell biology research in the past ten years led to the hypothesis that the 4 EOAD genes lead to AD through a common biological pathway resulting in abnormal APP processing by subtle different mechanisms. Now, transgenic mice are produced to study the influence of EOAD mutations in vivo, eventually leading to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

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18

Sabo, T., D. Bošnjak, V. Jukić, and P. Bilić. "Fronto-temporal Dementia with Early Onset." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S663—S664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1125.

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IntroductionEven though it is not the most common type of dementia, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a major health problem. It affects people younger than 65 with similar frequency as Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and has a progressive course that leads to inevitable deterioration in functioning. Still, FTD is not a unique entity in ICD- 10 classification.ObjectivesTo investigate the diagnostic and treatment difficulties in FTD.AimsTo show very rapid and progressive deterioration in people with early onset FTD.MethodsWe will present a series of cases showing progressive cognitive deterioration and prominent personality changes in patients with FTD hospitalised at University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce since 2013 to 2015. Collected data included anamnestic and heteroanamnestic information, blood tests and neroimaging.ResultsOur findings showed a significance of early onset FTD, with subtle, untypical symptoms at the beginning, and galloping deterioration during the course of illness.ConclusionsPresented patients with FTD showed rapid and progressive nature of disease with infaust prognosis. Even though early onset patients make 20% of overall number of patients with FTD, we consider that it is necessary to separate them from late onset patients in future classification systems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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19

Werner, Perla, Ifat Stein-Shvachman, and Amos D. Korczyn. "Early onset dementia: clinical and social aspects." International Psychogeriatrics 21, no. 4 (August 2009): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209009223.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Increasing efforts are being devoted to the study of early onset dementia (EOD), namely dementia in persons under the age of 65. Until recently, it was assumed that dementia occurs primarily among people aged 65 and over. However, since the number of persons with EOD is increasing, its importance as a clinical and social problem is rising accordingly. The aim of the present paper is to summarize research in this area.Methods: We reviewed the research published to date on EOD, and divided the current body of knowledge into several main sections.Results: The first section focuses on clinical aspects and summarizes findings regarding prevalence, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management of persons with EOD. The second section focuses on social aspects related to the cost of care for young people with the disease, the challenges faced by individuals and caregivers, and the services available for this population. Finally, conclusions and future directions are suggested.Conclusions: Research on EOD is still in its early stages. There is an urgent need to expand research that will lead to more effective diagnosis and management of EOD as well as to the allocation of funds and the development of appropriate services suitable for the unique needs of young people with dementia.

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20

Lautenschlager, Nicola T., and Ralph N. Martins. "Common versus uncommon causes of dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 17, s1 (September 2005): S27—S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610205002000.

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When patients present with a dementia syndrome at a young age, the experienced clinician will automatically include uncommon dementias in the diagnostic considerations, as familial uncommon dementias due to genetic mutations frequently present as early-onset dementias. This paper highlights why uncommon dementias due to genetic mutations, although marginal in terms of prevalence numbers in the total population, are of significance in the quest to unravel the underlying cause of common dementias such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementias (FTD) and vascular dementia (VaD).

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21

Sadovnick, A. D., H. Tuokko, D. A. Applegarth, J. R. Toone, T. Haijistavropoulos, and B. L. Beattie. "The Differential Diagnosis of Adult Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Early Onset Familial Alzheimer Disease in an Alzheimer Clinic Population." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 20, no. 4 (November 1993): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031716710004823x.

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ABSTRACT:Clinical differentiation between forms of progressive dementia can prove difficult, particularly when relatively rare forms of dementia are involved. Factors such as family history of dementia, age at onset, presenting features such as personality change, cognitive deficits, psychiatric symptoms, and clinical course (progressive deterioration; retention of skills over time) may prove useful for directing investigations to identify underlying pathology and genetic implications. This is illustrated by two patient reports. Each patient had the onset of memory/behavioral problems at approximately age 40 years, was initially given a psychiatric, non-dementing diagnosis, and had a positive family history for early onset behavioral and memory problems. After longitudinal assessment, the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease was confirmed at autopsy in one patient and a diagnosis of familial, adult-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy in the other.

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22

Mendez, Mario F. "The Accurate Diagnosis of Early-Onset Dementia." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 36, no. 4 (December 2006): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/q6j4-r143-p630-kw41.

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23

Malkki, Hemi. "Vascular comorbidities linked with early-onset dementia." Nature Reviews Neurology 11, no. 1 (December 2, 2014): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2014.233.

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24

Belhouane, I., M. Ben Djebara, Y. Hizem, A. Gargouri, and R. Gouider. "Early Onset Dementia: A Tunisian Cohort (P05.047)." Neurology 78, Meeting Abstracts 1 (April 22, 2012): P05.047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.047.

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25

Davies, R. Rhys, Mark Doran, and Andrew J. Larner. "Diagnosis and management of early-onset dementia." Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry 15, no. 4 (July 2011): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pnp.205.

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26

Au, Lisa W. C., Yuet Ping Yuen, Eric Y. L. Leung, Adrian Wong, and Vincent C. T. Mok. "P2-280: EARLY-ONSET DEMENTIA IN CHINESE." Alzheimer's & Dementia 15 (July 2019): P693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2687.

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27

Mok, Vincent C. T., Bonnie Y. K. Lam, Adrian Wong, Ho Ko, Hugh S. Markus, and Lawrence K. S. Wong. "Early-onset and delayed-onset poststroke dementia — revisiting the mechanisms." Nature Reviews Neurology 13, no. 3 (February 17, 2017): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2017.16.

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28

Borroni, B., C. Agosti, G. Bellelli, and A. Padovani. "Is early-onset clinically different from late-onset frontotemporal dementia?" European Journal of Neurology 15, no. 12 (December 2008): 1412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02338.x.

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29

Glymour, Maria. "PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF EARLY-ONSET AND LATE-ONSET DEMENTIA." Alzheimer's & Dementia 13, no. 7 (July 2017): P170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.07.004.

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30

Cuyvers, Elise, Julie van der Zee, Karolien Bettens, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Caroline Robberecht, Lubina Dillen, et al. "Genetic variability in SQSTM1 and risk of early-onset Alzheimer dementia: a European early-onset dementia consortium study." Neurobiology of Aging 36, no. 5 (May 2015): 2005.e15–2005.e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.02.014.

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31

Gilsanz, Paola, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda, M. Maria Glymour, Charles P. Quesenberry, Dan M. Mungas, Charles DeCarli, Alexander Dean, and Rachel A. Whitmer. "Female sex, early-onset hypertension, and risk of dementia." Neurology 89, no. 18 (October 4, 2017): 1886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004602.

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Objective:To evaluate the association of early-adulthood and mid-adulthood hypertension with dementia in men and women.Methods:We evaluated 5,646 members of a diverse integrated health care delivery system who had clinical examinations and health survey data from 1964 to 1973 (mean age 32.7 years; early adulthood) and 1978–1985 (mean age 44.3 years; mid-adulthood) and were members as of January 1, 1996 (mean age 59.8 years). Hypertension categories based on measurements of blood pressure (BP) and change in hypertension categories between the 2 examinations (e.g., onset hypertension) were used to predict dementia incidence from January 1, 1996, to September 30, 2015. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for demographics, vascular comorbidities, and hypertension treatment; inverse probability weighting accounted for differential attrition between first BP measurement and start of follow-up.Results:A total of 532 individuals (9.4%) were diagnosed with dementia. Early adulthood hypertension was not associated with dementia, though effect estimates were elevated among women. Mid-adulthood hypertension was associated with 65% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–2.18) increased dementia risk among women but not men. Onset of hypertension in mid-adulthood predicted 73% higher dementia risk in women (95% CI 1.24–2.40) compared to stable normotensive. There was no evidence that hypertension or changes in hypertension increased dementia risk among men.Conclusions:Though midlife hypertension was more common in men, it was only associated with dementia risk in women. Sex differences in the timing of dementia risk factors have important implications for brain health and hypertension management.

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Bondyopadhyay, Jyotirmoy, INDRAJIT BHATTACHARYA, and Raja Chakraverty. "Recent insights into Early Onset Dementia (EOD): A Review." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 4-S (August 15, 2021): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i4-s.4959.

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The present study aims to review the prevalence and etiology of Early Onset Dementia (EOD) reflected in the population based studies worldwide .For this purpose, Bibliographic database searches and rigorous literature review were performed using the following keywords namely: “Dementia”, “Early onset dementia”, “Alzheimer’s disease” and “Senile Dementia” from the following databases: Pubmed, Medline between the years 2005 to 2019. The summary of report findings suggest that the prevalence of early onset dementia is reported to occur in 3-5% of the Indian population among predisposed individuals. This is an attempt to accumulate and collate in one spot all sort of multifactorial associations behind the pathogenesis of EOD in youth. These causes are Genetic change, Brain comorbidities, Alzheimer's ailment, vascular complications and increasingly other neuropsychiatric complications. We have made an attempt to analyze the pathogenesis of the early onset dementia in relation to their outcomes and a few manifestations which demonstrate the same. Future large-scale systematic reviews and network meta-analysis in this domain would facilitate dissemination of credible information with regards to the causative mechanism and possible therapeutic interventions and viable alternatives to possibly tackle and mitigate EOD. Keywords: Dementia, Early onset dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Genetic alterations.

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33

Martins, Leonardo Tafarello, Ivan Abdalla Teixeira, Jerson Laks, and Valeska Marinho. "Recognizing Late Onset Frontotemporal Dementia with the DAPHNE scale: A case report." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 12, no. 1 (March 2018): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010011.

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ABSTRACT Frontotemporal dementias are classically described as early onset dementias with personality and behavioral changes, however, late onset forms can also be found. Considering the paucity of information about late onset behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and its challenging diagnosis, we present a case report of an 85-year-old woman with behavioral changes and slow progression to dementia who was first diagnosed as having bipolar disorder and then Alzheimer's disease. The Daphne scale provided a structured means to improve clinical diagnosis, also supported by characteristic features on MRI and SPECT, while CSF biomarkers ruled out atypical Alzheimer's disease.

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34

SHIMIZU, Hideaki, Kenjiro KOMORI, Ryuji FUKUHARA, Shunichiro SHINAGAWA, Yasutaka TOYOTA, Tetsuo KASHIBAYASHI, Naomi SONOBE, et al. "Clinical profiles of late-onset semantic dementia, compared with early-onset semantic dementia and late-onset Alzheimer's disease." Psychogeriatrics 11, no. 1 (March 2011): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2010.00351.x.

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35

Sleegers, Kristel, Jan Verheijen, Julie van der Zee, Karolien Bettens, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, et al. "O3-13-06: Targeted re-sequencing of sorl1 in early-onset Alzheimer's dementia: The european early onset dementia consortium." Alzheimer's & Dementia 11, no. 7S_Part_5 (July 2015): P253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.07.484.

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36

Wu, Liyong, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung, A. Dessa Sadovnick, Mario Masellis, Sandra E. Black, Jianping Jia, and Serge Gauthier. "Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease (EOFAD)." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 39, no. 4 (July 2012): 436–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100013949.

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Early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) is a condition characterized by early onset dementia (age at onset < 65 years) and a positive family history for dementia. To date, 230 mutations in presenilin (PS1, PS2) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes have been identified in EOFAD. The mutations within these three genes (PS1/PS2/APP) affect a common pathogenic pathway in APP synthesis and proteolysis, which lead to excessive production of amyloid β. Compared with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), EOFAD has some distinctive features including early age at onset, positive familial history, a variety of non-cognitive neurological symptoms and signs, and a more aggressive course. There is marked phenotypic heterogeneity among different mutations of EOFAD. Studies in presymptomatic mutation carriers reveal biomarkers abnormalities. EOFAD diagnosis is based on clinical and family history, neurological symptoms and examination, biomarker features, as well as genotyping in some cases. New therapeutic agents targeting amyloid formation may benefit EOFAD individuals.

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37

Filippi, Massimo, Silvia Basaia, Elisa Canu, Francesca Imperiale, Alessandro Meani, Francesca Caso, Giuseppe Magnani, et al. "Brain network connectivity differs in early-onset neurodegenerative dementia." Neurology 89, no. 17 (September 27, 2017): 1764–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004577.

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Objective:To investigate functional brain network architecture in early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).Methods:Thirty-eight patients with bvFTD, 37 patients with EOAD, and 32 age-matched healthy controls underwent 3D T1-weighted and resting-state fMRI. Graph analysis and connectomics assessed global and local functional topologic network properties, regional functional connectivity, and intrahemispheric and interhemispheric between-lobe connectivity.Results:Despite similarly extensive cognitive impairment relative to controls, patients with EOAD showed severe global functional network alterations (lower mean nodal strength, local efficiency, clustering coefficient, and longer path length), while patients with bvFTD showed relatively preserved global functional brain architecture. Patients with bvFTD demonstrated reduced nodal strength in the frontoinsular lobe and a relatively focal altered functional connectivity of frontoinsular and temporal regions. Functional connectivity breakdown in the posterior brain nodes, particularly in the parietal lobe, differentiated patients with EOAD from those with bvFTD. While EOAD was associated with widespread loss of both intrahemispheric and interhemispheric functional correlations, bvFTD showed a preferential disruption of the intrahemispheric connectivity.Conclusions:Disease-specific patterns of functional network topology and connectivity alterations were observed in patients with EOAD and bvFTD. Graph analysis and connectomics may aid clinical diagnosis and help elucidate pathophysiologic differences between neurodegenerative dementias.

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Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C., Mathew Varghese, Sanjeev Jain, Palani Thangaraju Sivakumar, Om Prakash, Srikala Bharath, and Thennarasu Kandavel. "Is there a familial overlap between dementia and other psychiatric disorders?" International Psychogeriatrics 23, no. 5 (December 16, 2010): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210001572.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Cognitive and psychiatric features are important components of dementia. Early onset dementia (EOD) has been found to be associated with a greater genetic basis. If this is the case, EOD could have genetic association with psychiatric illnesses, given the presence of more behavioral disturbances in this condition. There is a definite need to explore the presence of psychiatric symptoms and disorders in families of patients with dementia.Methods:The authors compared 52 proband families of dementia and 45 control families in order to assess the familial co-aggregation of major psychiatric illnesses. The cumulative risk in first degree relatives in the two groups for major psychiatric illnesses was calculated using Kaplan Meier Survival analysis. Early onset and late onset dementia proband families were compared separately with control families for the same.Results:There was a significantly higher morbid risk for psychosis in dementia proband families (generalized Wilcoxon, Breslow −4.165, p = 0.041). Also, the morbid risk was higher in early onset dementia proband families (generalized Wilcoxon, Breslow −6.16, p = 0.013) while it was not so in late onset dementia proband families (generalized Wilcoxon, Breslow −2.99, p = 0.084)Conclusion:There is a possible genetic overlap between dementia and psychosis. This appears to be more pronounced with early onset dementia than with late onset dementia.

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39

Cimminella, Francesco, Ferdinando Ivano Ambra, Sara Vitaliano, Alessandro Iavarone, and Elisabetta Garofalo. "Early-onset frontotemporal dementia presenting with pathological gambling." Acta Neurologica Belgica 115, no. 4 (February 15, 2015): 759–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13760-015-0440-1.

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40

Kimura, Nathália R. S., Virgínia L. R. Maffioletti, Raquel L. Santos, Maria Alice Tourinho Baptista, and Marcia C. N. Dourado. "Psychosocial impact of early onset dementia among caregivers." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 37, no. 4 (December 2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0038.

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Introduction: There is growing recognition of early onset dementia (EOD) as a significant clinical and social problem because of its effects on physical and mental health of people with dementia (PWD) and their caregivers. Objective: To analyze the psychosocial impact of EOD in family caregivers. Methods: The study design was qualitative. Nine EOD caregivers (7 women) were recruited at a service for Alzheimer's disease and assessed using semi-structured interviews. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze caregivers' reports. Results: Five themes emerged from the narratives: psychological and emotional impact; physical impact; financial and professional impact; social impact and need for support services. The majority of the caregivers of people with EOD perceived their emotional wellbeing as poor or extremely poor. Carers reported poor physical health, which tends to be longer-lasting than mental health problems. Two caregivers had to retire after the disclosure of the dementia diagnosis, and seven reduced their work loads because they had to look after PWD. Preserving the abilities of PWD is essential to maintain their self-esteem, dignity and sense of utility. For the caregivers, interventions and stimulating activities make PWD feel worthwhile and contribute to improving life. Conclusion: The caregivers of people with EOD assume the role of caregiver prematurely and need to balance this activity with other responsibilities. There is a need for more studies of EOD in order to improve understanding of the impact of this disease and to enable development of adequate services for PWD and their caregivers.

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MANTHORPE, LINDA TINDALL &. JILL. "Early onset dementia: A case of ill-timing?" Journal of Mental Health 6, no. 3 (January 1997): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638239718770.

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Ichikawa, Y., T. Miyazaki, H. Shibuya, K. Nagai, M. Tanaka, A. Uchibori, H. Ishiura, J. Mitsui, S. Tsuji, and A. Chiba. "A Japanese consanguineous family with early-onset dementia." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 381 (October 2017): 382–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3295.

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Rogers, Brian S., and Carol F. Lippa. "A Clinical Approach to Early-Onset Inheritable Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr 27, no. 3 (May 2012): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317512444000.

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Armari, Elizabeth, Anna Jarmolowicz, and Peter K. Panegyres. "The Needs of Patients With Early Onset Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias® 28, no. 1 (December 4, 2012): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317512466690.

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Jarmolowicz, Anna I., Huei-Yang Chen, and Peter K. Panegyres. "The Patterns of Inheritance in Early-Onset Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr 30, no. 3 (August 21, 2014): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317514545825.

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Arehart-Treichel, Joan. "Cardiovascular Fitness May Help Prevent Early-Onset Dementia." Psychiatric News 49, no. 8 (April 14, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2014.4b3.

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Crabtree, Thomas, Sadir Altaan, and Ammar Tarik. "Early-onset dementia in type 1 diabetes mellitus." Practical Diabetes 33, no. 4 (May 2016): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2019.

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Cachia, David, Thomas Smith, David Paydarfar, and Grazyna Pomorska. "A Case of Early-Onset Rapidly Progressive Dementia." JAMA Neurology 71, no. 11 (November 1, 2014): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.836.

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Koedam, Esther L. G. E., Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Dorly J. H. Deeg, Merel M. E. Baak, Annelies E. van der Vlies, Philip Scheltens, and Wiesje M. van der Flier. "Early-Onset Dementia Is Associated with Higher Mortality." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 26, no. 2 (2008): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000149585.

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Trewin, Benjamin P., Jono Baskin, Laveniya Satgunaseelan, and Stanley Levy. "092 Early-onset dementia with white matter changes." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 6 (May 24, 2018): A37.1—A37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-anzan.91.

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Abstract:

IntroductionWe report a rare case of early-onset dementia with leukoencephalopathy in which the diagnosis was unclear until autopsy. As previously seen in case reports of this condition, there were a number of working diagnoses made, prefixed with ‘atypical’, including cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) and Huntington disease.1CaseA sixty-one-year old Caucasian female initially presented with 2 years of progressive chorea of her right upper limb, anxiety and memory difficulties. These symptoms steadily progressed over the next 5 years as she developed dementia and a progressive gait disturbance with pyramidal weakness. In the terminal stages of her illness, at sixty-six years of age, she had recurrent hospital admissions for pyrexia of unknown origin and finally refractory seizures and death. Her serum investigations were non-diagnostic; she was negative for both CADASIL and Huntington disease mutations. Her MRI demonstrated diffuse confluent white matter changes involving the corpus callosum and the vermis. She also had an abnormal electroencephalogram late in the course of her disease, with lateralised periodic discharges recorded during episodes of non-convulsive status epilepticus. Her autopsy revealed a leukoencephalopathy with pathognomonic histologic features of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). Post-mortem genetic testing is currently underway.ConclusionOur case demonstrates the possibility of establishing an accurate diagnosis with pathology and genetic testing in cases of early-onset dementia with white matter changes. Recently elucidated entities offer diagnostic closure to patients, families and clinicians and can inform prognosis and genetic counselling. Furthermore, potential therapeutic options for leukodystrophies appear to be on the horizon.2 Our case report is the first to our knowledge to present with chorea and to exhibit vermian hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI.References. Meyer-Ohlendorf M, Braczynski A, Al-Qaisi O, et al. Comprehensive diagnostics in a case of hereditary diffuse leukodystrophy with spheroids. BMC Neurology2015;15:103.. van der Knaap MS, Wolf NI, Heine VM. Leukodystrophies: Five new things. Neurol Clin Pract2016;6:506–514.

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