Relevant bibliographies by topics / Early life diet

Academic literature on the topic 'Early life diet'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 30 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Early life diet.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Sempeski, P., P. Gaudin, H. Persat, and O. Grolet. "Diet selection in early-life stages of grayling (Thymallus thymallus)." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 132, no. 4 (March 10, 1995): 437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/132/1995/437.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Devereux, Graham. "Early life events in asthma—diet." Pediatric Pulmonology 42, no. 8 (2007): 663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.20640.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Pérez-Cano, Francisco J., Parveen Yaqoob, Rocío Martín, Margarida Castell Escuer, and Cándido Juárez-Rubio. "Immunonutrition in Early Life: Diet and Immune Development." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2012 (2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/207509.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Vaiserman, A. M. "Early-life nutritional programming of longevity." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 5, no. 5 (June 13, 2014): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174414000294.

Full text
Abstract:
Available data from both experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that inadequate diet in early life can permanently change the structure and function of specific organs or homoeostatic pathways, thereby ‘programming’ the individual’s health status and longevity. Sufficient evidence has accumulated showing significant impact of epigenetic regulation mechanisms in nutritional programming phenomenon. The essential role of early-life diet in the development of aging-related chronic diseases is well established and described in many scientific publications. However, the programming effects on lifespan have not been extensively reviewed systematically. The aim of the review is to provide a summary of research findings and theoretical explanations that indicate that longevity can be influenced by early nutrition.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lai, Pui Y., Xigang Jing, Teresa Michalkiewicz, Brianna Entringer, Xingrao Ke, Amber Majnik, Alison J. Kriegel, Pengyuan Liu, Robert H. Lane, and Girija G. Konduri. "Adverse early-life environment impairs postnatal lung development in mice." Physiological Genomics 51, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00016.2019.

Full text
Abstract:
Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a major risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Maternal stress and poor diet are linked to FGR. Effect of perinatal stress on lung development remains unknown. Objective: Using a murine model of adverse early life environment (AELE), we hypothesized that maternal exposure to perinatal environmental stress and high-fat diet (Western diet) lead to impaired lung development in the offspring. Methods: Female mice were placed on either control diet or Western diet before conception. Those exposed to Western diet were also exposed to perinatal environmental stress, the combination referred to as AELE. Pups were either euthanized at postnatal day 21 (P21) or weaned to control diet and environment until adulthood (8–14 wk old). Lungs were harvested for histology, gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR, microRNA profiling, and immunoblotting. Results: AELE increased the mean linear intercept and decreased the radial alveolar count and secondary septation in P21 and adult mice. Capillary count was also decreased in P21 and adult mice. AELE lungs had decreased vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), VEGF receptor 2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α protein levels and increased expression of genes that regulate DNA methylation and upregulation of microRNAs that target genes involved in lung development at P21. Conclusion: AELE leads to impaired lung alveolar and vascular growth, which persists into adult age despite normalizing the diet and environment at P21. AELE also alters the expression of genes involved in lung remodeling.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Aihie Sayer*, A., and C. Cooper. "Early diet and growth: impact on ageing." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 61, no. 1 (February 2002): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2001138.

Full text
Abstract:
The modification of ageing by nutritional intervention is well recognised. Post-weaning diet restriction is the only widely reproducible method to slow ageing, but the effects of prenatal and preweaning diet restriction have been less well characterised. There is some evidence that diet restriction instituted in utero or shortly after birth may have an opposite effect and be associated with increased ageing, and recent work suggests that it may shorten lifespan. Interest in this area has been rekindled by the growing body of epidemiological evidence showing that a number of age-related diseases are associated with poor growth and inadequate nutrition in early life. The relevance of this association to structural and functional ageing changes in different systems is now being considered. Work on musculo-skeletal ageing has demonstrated that loss of muscle strength and bone mass is greater in individuals who did not grow well in early life, and a range of studies suggests that maternal, developmental and nutritional factors are important. The underlying mechanisms remain speculative, and it remains to be determined whether they are system-specific or universal throughout the body. A new cohort of subjects aged between 60 and 70 years is being established to investigate how genetic factors interact with growth and nutritional influences to programme musculo-skeletal ageing in later life.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

N'guessan, Koffi, David Ternant, François Labarthe, and Hervé Watier. "Lability of IgE Levels Early in Life." Journal of Allergy 2011 (June 20, 2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/547389.

Full text
Abstract:
We report a case of a very fast and intriguing decrease in IgE concentrations after exclusion from the diet of any CM lysate in an unusual clinical presentation of cow's milk allergy in an infant. Analysis of IgE kinetics after allergen elimination suggests rapid cessation of IgE biosynthesis and a short IgE half-life.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

English, Sinead, and Tobias Uller. "Does early-life diet affect longevity? A meta-analysis across experimental studies." Biology Letters 12, no. 9 (September 2016): 20160291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0291.

Full text
Abstract:
Life-history theory predicts that nutrition influences lifespan owing to trade-offs between allocating resources to reproduction, growth and repair. Despite occasional reports that early diet has strong effects on lifespan, it is unclear whether this prediction is generally supported by empirical studies. We conducted a meta-analysis across experimental studies manipulating pre- or post-natal diet and measuring longevity. We found no overall effect of early diet on lifespan. We used meta-regression, considering moderator variables based on experimental and life-history traits, to test predictions regarding the strength and direction of effects that could lead to positive or negative effects. Pre-natal diet manipulations reduced lifespan, but there were no effects of later diet, manipulation type, development mode, or sex. The results are consistent with the prediction that early diet restriction disrupts growth and results in increased somatic damage, which incurs lifespan costs. Our findings raise a cautionary note, however, for placing too strong an emphasis on early diet effects on lifespan and highlight limitations of measuring these effects under laboratory conditions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Pendergrast, Logan A., Eric C. Leszczynski, Joseph R. Visker, Ashley N. Triplett, and David P. Ferguson. "Early life undernutrition reduces maximum treadmill running capacity in adulthood in mice." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 3 (March 2020): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0023.

Full text
Abstract:
Undernutrition during early life causes chronic disease with specific impairments to the heart and skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of early life undernutrition on adult exercise capacity as a result of cardiac and skeletal muscle function. Pups were undernourished during gestation (GUN) or lactation (PUN) using a cross-fostering nutritive mouse model. At postnatal day 21, all mice were weaned and refed a control diet. At postnatal day 67, mice performed a maximal treadmill test. Echocardiography and Doppler blood flow analysis was performed at postnatal day 72, following which skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and fiber type were determined. Maximal running capacity was reduced (diet: P = 0.0002) in GUN and PUN mice. Left ventricular mass (diet: P = 0.03) and posterior wall thickness during systole (diet × sex: P = 0.03) of GUN and PUN mice was reduced, causing PUN mice to have reduced (diet: P = 0.04) stroke volume. Heart rate of GUN mice showed a trend (diet: P = 0.07) towards greater resting values than other groups. PUN mice had greater CSA of soleus fibers. PUN had a reduced (diet: P = 0.03) proportion of type-IIX fibers in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and a greater (diet: P = 0.008) percentage of type-IIB fibers in the EDL. In conclusion, gestational and postnatal undernourishment impairs exercise capacity.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lagiou, Pagona, Hans-Olov Adami, and Dimitrios Trichopoulos. "Early Life Diet and the Risk for Adult Breast Cancer." Nutrition and Cancer 56, no. 2 (November 2006): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327914nc5602_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Parrett, Alison M. "Development of colonic fermentation in early life." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390694.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Heavey, Patricia. "New methodologies for studying diet and gut maturation in early life." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268569.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Gardner, David Stuart. "The early life programming of adult hypertension by glucocorticoids." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264896.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

D'Alessandro, Evan K. "Early Life Dynamics in Tropical Western Atlantic and Caribbean Snappers (Lutjanidae) and Barracudas (Sphyraenidae)." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/491.

Full text
Abstract:
Processes occurring during the early life of marine fishes encompassing the larval, settlement, and juvenile stages can have important impacts on recruitment and subsequent population dynamics. Yet these life stages remain poorly understood, especially in coral reef-associated species of commercial and recreational fisheries interest. Two years (2003-2004) of monthly sampling of 17 stations along a transect spanning the east-west axis of the Straits of Florida revealed consistent spatiotemporal patterns in larval abundance, growth, and mortality of several snapper and barracuda species. Much of the species-specific variability in these patterns tracked adult life history, and spatial (several snapper species) and temporal (Sphyraena barracuda) patterns in larval growth were related to larval food availability. While no patterns were identified in larval mortality rates, tethering experiments examining relative rates of predation on late-stage Lutjanus griseus larvae in surface waters of the lower Florida Keys revealed that relative predation rate and probability of predation in oceanic areas seaward of the reef was significantly greater than over reef or nearshore seagrass/hardbottom habitats. The combined effects of mortality during these early stages in concert with variability in early life traits caused selective mortality to be pervasive throughout the early life stages of snappers and barracudas. Patterns in selective mortality were investigated by tracking and repeatedly sampling several cohorts of larvae in 2007 and 2008, and for the first time in tropical reef fishes, linking young pelagic larvae with settlement-stage fish and juveniles. In agreement with the growth-mortality hypothesis, large size-at-hatch and fast larval growth conveyed a survival advantage in most species examined, but several switches in the direction of selection with ontogeny and over time occurred, and were contrary to this hypothesis. Consistent patterns of trait-mediated selective mortality lower trait variability in the surviving population, while inconsistencies in these patterns may contribute to the high degree of variability that characterizes these early life stages. Results presented in this dissertation help fill knowledge gaps critical to the understanding and modeling of dispersal and connectivity in several economically valuable snapper and barracuda species. In addition, the identification of life history traits important to the survival of individuals through the larval and into the juvenile stage, has implications for future management of these ecologically and economically valuable species.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Birtwistle, Mark D. A. "The impact of diet in early life on adipose tissue growth and development in sheep." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32926/.

Full text
Abstract:
Adipose tissue is found in two main forms: white (WAT), which stores energy; and brown (BAT), which dissipates energy as heat by means of a unique mitochondrial protein, UCP1. In large mammals, BAT is rapidly replaced by WAT after birth, but it has recently been found that functional BAT is present in human adults, which raises the possibility that it could be manipulated to burn off excess fat. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate, using sheep as a model, the effect of early nutritional interventions on fat mass and on the expression in adipose tissue of genes involved in adipogenesis, metabolism, thermogenesis and development. A secondary aim was to study their ontogeny in sternal adipose tissue. Study A examined the effect of fat supplements given to lactating ewes on the sternal adipose tissue of their offspring. Ewes were allocated to one of three feeding groups, one control and two supplemented (sunflower or canola oil), for 28 days after parturition, and their lambs were sampled at 7 and 28 days of age. Study B investigated the effect of late gestational and postnatal diet on the sternal and subcutaneous adipose tissue of 6 month-old lambs. Twin-pregnant ewes were divided into three dietary groups for the last 6 weeks of gestation: undernourished, control or overnourished. One lamb from each twin pair was fed a control diet, and the other a high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet. In the first month after birth, changes in gene expression in sternal adipose tissue were comparable to those previously described in perirenal adipose tissue, with the expression of most thermogenic genes declining to almost undetectable levels by 28 days of age. There was a disparity in the expression profiles of the two principal regulators of adipogenesis, PPARγ and C/EBPα, with expression of the former increasing with age, and that of the latter peaking at 7 days of age. A sunflower, but not canola, oil supplement fed to lactating ewes increased the relative adipose tissue weight of female, but not male, lambs at 28 days of age. Both supplements increased the plasma concentration of leptin at 7 and 28 days of age in females, but not males. Supplementation had a greater effect on gene expression at 7 than at 28 days of age, but no overall pattern emerged. Maternal undernutrition reduced birth weight in males, but not females, although body weight was unaffected by 6 months of age. A postnatal HCHF diet increased fat mass in all adipose tissue depots tested, and reduced expression of most adipogenic and metabolic genes in sternal and subcutaneous adipose tissue by around 50 %. Expression of thermogenic genes was barely detectable in either tissue at 6 months of age. In conclusion, expression of thermogenic genes in sternal adipose tissue declines with age, a response that is unaffected by maternal fat supplementation during lactation or a sustained postnatal HCHF diet.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Henderson, Rowena Claire. "Early life histories : a study of past childhood diet and health using stable isotopes and enamel hypoplasia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a0ef07c7-7103-4a15-b825-0eae3e796882.

Full text
Abstract:
The δδ13C and δ15N composition of incremental segments of tooth dentine was used to infer infant and childhood diet in a post-medieval London population, and a hunting and gathering Mesolithic/Neolithic group from Latvia. Health was analysed using defects on the tooth enamel caused by stress, termed enamel hypoplasia. The populations, which differ markedly in their economy, diet and health, were selected because of the difference in childhood experiences between the two groups. The results were used to consider questions about childhood, including how early diet may have been influenced by social factors such as class or status, the effect this could have on population dynamics and how childhood diet and health are related. The results show that the London individuals were rarely breastfed beyond 6 months and in some instances not at all. A small isotopic difference between males and females was observed which could be caused by dietary or physiological differences. The peak incidence of hypoplasia may be related to developmental patterns, rather than stress caused by weaning. The Zvejnieki individuals had a slightly longer breastfeeding duration. Those buried with pendants consumed a different diet in childhood to those without pendants, suggesting a complex social system, possibly indicating that diet was related to the role a person had within the community. There is a suggestion diet may have shifted between the Middle Mesolithic and Late Neolithic, although not dramatically. Neither population have elevated δ13C often associated with breastfeeding. The early life histories of the groups are not compared directly, but general observations concerning the children’s lives are considered. It is concluded that economy is not a reliable predictor of infant feeding strategies, as hunter-gatherers provide children with solid foods at a similar time to industrial groups. Intra-population variability was found to be a feature of all socio-economic groups.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Nicholls, Rebecca A. "More than bones. An investigation of life, death and diet in later prehistoric Slovenia and Croatia." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16764.

Full text
Abstract:
The East Alpine region formed an important crossroads in later prehistoric Europe, through which ideas, people and objects flowed. This was particularly the case during the Late Bronze Age/ Early Iron Age, when an increasingly competitive society was evolving, with the formation of more complex social structures and the rise of ‘elites’. This has been evidenced in a shift in burial customs, from Urnfield-type cremation burial to the construction of tumuli and the adoption of elaborate inhumation burial. This multidisciplinary, multi-scalar approach to the analysis of human remains aims to explore the evolving structure, homogeneity and heterogeneity of communities inhabiting central and eastern Slovenia, and north-eastern Croatia, during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. The application of multiple methods, including the osteological analysis of cremated and non-cremated human remains, radiocarbon dating, stable isotope analysis (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and strontium) and aDNA analysis has facilitated the exploration and interpretation of later prehistoric social structure and lifestyle. The use of carbon (from enamel carbonate and collagen) and nitrogen stable isotope analysis has highlighted important dietary distinctions between communities inhabiting this region and previous studies from elsewhere in contemporary Europe – specifically a high dependence on millet as a staple crop. This has been evidenced by δ13C values of between -17‰ and -15.3‰ from bone collagen. δ15N values of between 7.6‰ and 9.1‰ support this interpretation as they do not indicate the consumption of marine protein. Increased δ15N values of up to 13.5‰ from deciduous dentine have been interpreted as the influence of dietary and metabolic conditions, particularly in the presentation of an Infant exhibited palaeopathological evidence of severe metabolic disease. Complementary isotopic methods, including oxygen isotope ratios and enamel carbonate carbon, have also highlighted heterogeneity in childhood diet, reflecting the transition from a high lipid diet of breastmilk, to a diet of carbohydrates, indicative of weaning. In addition to these findings, the application of radiocarbon dating on cremated and nio-cremated human bone has expanded the current understanding of mortuary practices in this study area. Inhumation burial, previously thought synomemous with the Iron Age, has been now been identified throughout the Bronze Age at the cemetery of Obrežje. The application of this multi-scalar approach to combining and interpreting these data sets has allowed for the investigation of individual biographies, as well as regional trends. This research illustrates the advantages of bringing together multiple lines of evidence for the creation of informed interpretations regarding the life, death and diet of prehistoric peoples of the East Alpine region, and beyond.
The Encounters and Transformations in Iron Age Europe (ENTRANS) Project, led by Ian Armit, with the Slovenian and Croatian principal investigators, Matija Črešnar and Hrvoje Potrebica. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 291827. The project is financially supported by the HERA Joint Research Programme (www.heranet.info) which is co-funded by AHRC, AKA, BMBF via PT-DLR, DASTI, ETAG, FCT, FNR, FNRS, FWF, FWO, HAZU, IRC, LMT, MHEST, NWO, NCN, RANNÍS, RCN, VR and The European Community FP7 2007-2013, under the Socio-economic Sciences and Humanities programme.
The Appendices A-H are not available online.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lampert, Carine. "Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286.

Full text
Abstract:
A infância e a adolescência são períodos sensíveis de maturação neuronal, caracterizados por alta plasticidade de circuitos encefálicos em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico. Experiências estressantes neste período, como o isolamento social (IS), podem produzir neuroadaptações nesses circuitos e aumentar a vulnerabilidade ao consumo de drogas e de alimentos palatáveis ao longo da vida. Tendo em vista que extensa literatura analisa longos períodos de isolamento social, que não são modelos adequados para o estresse por isolamento que ocorre em sociedades humanas, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos de uma exposição curta ao isolamento social durante o período pré-púbere sobre o sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico e a susceptibilidade para o abuso de drogas e para o consumo compulsivo de alimento palatável em ratas Wistar fêmeas, na idade adulta. Também foi objetivo avaliar o papel da exposição crônica a uma dieta rica em sacarose (DRS) sobre estas variáveis. Como resultados, foi observado que o IS aumentou a resposta locomotora a um desafio com anfetamina, bem como aumentou, no estriado dorsal, o imunoconteúdo do transportador de dopamina, da enzima tirosina hidroxilase e diminuiu os níveis do receptor D2 de dopamina (D2R); além disso, os animais submetidos ao IS na pré-puberdade apresentaram aumento nos parâmetros relacionados ao estresse oxidativo após o desafio. De modo interessante, a exposição a DRS preveniu os efeitos do IS sobre a resposta locomotora, mas não afetou os parâmetros dopaminérgicos. O IS também diminuiu o imunoconteúdo basal de D2R no núcleo accumbens (NAc) e estimulou o consumo do tipo-compulsivo de alimento doce (Froot Loops®). A DRS não interferiu nestes parâmetros. Observamos também que o IS não alterou os níveis basais de corticosterona plasmática, enquanto que a DRS diminuiu tais níveis. Os registros das correntes excitatórias pós-sinápticas (CEPS) espontâneas indicaram, como resultado preliminar, que a DRS reduziu o tempo de subida das CEPS, indicando uma resposta glutamatérgica fugaz. Os achados deste estudo demonstram pela primeira vez que um período curto de IS em uma fase crítica do desenvolvimento é capaz de programar o sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico de forma a aumentar a susceptibilidade tanto ao uso de drogas quanto ao consumo do tipo-aditivo de alimento doce. Esses efeitos podem ser em parte explicados pela redução dos níveis de D2R basal no NAc e pela maior estimulação do sistema dopaminérgico no estriado frente a um desafio com anfetamina. Os achados desta tese sugerem que experiências estressantes, como o isolamento social, durante um período crítico do desenvolvimento é capaz de programar o sistema de recompensa encefálico de forma permanente e aumentar a susceptibilidade a comportamentos aditivos na vida adulta. Identificar fatores preditores de propensão a esse tipo de comportamento é importante para prevenir o desenvolvimento de dependência de drogas e/ou de distúrbios alimentares, além de possibilitar a identificação de alvos terapêuticos e o desenvolvimento de estratégias de tratamento para estes distúrbios.
Childhood and adolescence are sensitive periods of neuronal maturation, characterized by high plasticity of developing brain circuits, such as the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Stressful experiences in these periods, such as social isolation (SI), can produce changes in these circuits and increase vulnerability to drug addiction and eating disorders throughout life. Considering that most of literature analyze long periods of social isolation, that are not good models for social stress in human societies, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a short post-weaning social isolation on mesolimbic dopaminergic system and the susceptibility to drug and food addiction in female Wistar rats in adulthood. Moreover, we also aimed to evaluate the role of a chronic high sugar diet (HSD) on these variables. It was observed that IS increased the locomotor response to a challenge with amphetamine (AMPH), as well as increased the immunocontent of dopamine transporter, the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, decreased the D2 dopamine receptor (D2R) and increased the parameters related to oxidative stress in dorsal striatum after the challenge. Interestingly, exposure to DRS prevented the effects of SI on locomotor response, but did not affect dopaminergic parameters. IS also decreased the basal immunocontent of D2R in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and stimulated binge eating of high sweet food (Froot Loops®). HSD did not interfere with these parameters. We also observed that SI did not alter plasma corticosterone baseline levels after IS, whereas HSD induced a decrease in these levels. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC) indicated, as a preliminary result, that the exposure to a HSD reduced the rise time, indicating a more fleeting glutamatergic response. The findings of this study demonstrate for the first time that a short period of SI at a critical period of development is able to programme the mesolimbic dopaminergic system in order to increase susceptibility to both drug and food addiction. These results are possibly due, at least in part, to low basal levels of D2R in NAc and the higher stimulation of the dopaminergic system in striatum after a challenge with AMPH. The findings of this thesis suggest that stressful experiences such as social isolation during a critical period of development are able to permanently program the brain reward system and increase the susceptibility to additive behaviors in adult life. Identifying predisposing factors to this type of behavior is extremely important to prevent the development of drug addiction and/or eating disorders, to identify therapeutic targets and to enable the development of treatment strategies for these disorders.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Soualeh, Nidhal. "Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288/document.

Full text
Abstract:
Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons évalué les effets inflammatoires, comportementaux et cognitifs de l’exposition périnatale des souris à trois matrices alimentaires d’anguilles, reflétant 3 niveaux de pollution (faible, moyenne et haute), tout en considérant le sexe de la progéniture ainsi que les différentes phases d’âges. Les réponses inflammatoires ont été évaluées, aussi bien au niveau cérébral, y compris dans les cellules de la microglie, qu’au niveau périphérique, à 4 stades de vie distincts, et ce dès la naissance jusqu’à l’âge moyen. Chez les souriceaux, mâles et femelles, dont leurs génitrices ont consommé de l’anguille contaminée, durant la période gestationnelle et lactationnelle, vs les témoins dont leurs mères ont consommé uniquement la diète standard, nos résultats ont montré une neuro-inflammation précoce et prononcée, ainsi qu’une production accrue des marqueurs pro-inflammatoires par les cellules de la microglie durant la période néonatale et postnatale. Cette réponse pro-inflammatoire a été chronique puisqu’elle a été à nouveau détectée même à un âge avancé (âges adulte et moyen). Nos résultats mettraient en évidence l’activation et la polarisation des cellules de la microglie depuis la naissance, chez les animaux exposés, vers le phénotype M1, susceptible d’induire les effets neurotoxiques apparus beaucoup plus tard dans les stades de la vie. En effet, un comportement dépressif-like a été observé à l’âge adulte uniquement chez les mâles. Cette altération sexe dépendante du comportement de résignation a été attribuée à l’hyperactivation de l’axe de stress, l’axe hypothalamique pituitaire surrénalien, mise en évidence par une forte production de la corticostérone chez les mâles à l’âge adulte. Chez les femelles, nous avons mis en évidence le développement d’un comportement hyperactif dès l’âge adulte, et d’un déclin cognitif à l’âge moyen. Nos résultats suggèrent que le déficit de la mémoire de rétention des femelles d’âge moyen exposées périnatalement à des anguilles moyennement et hautement contaminées serait lié à la diminution significative de l’activation à la fois d’ERK ½ et du NF-κB ainsi qu’à la réduction significative du taux d’acétylcholine, détectées au niveau de l’hippocampe de ces souris. A partir de ces données et de celles obtenues par d’autres membres de notre équipe, il apparait de plus en plus pertinent de prendre en considération le risque du couplage des effets neuro-oxydatif et neuro-inflammatoire dans la genèse de nombreux troubles cognitifs et comportementaux surtout de manière tardive et irréversible. Cela pourrait également être à l’origine d’une fragilité et d’une imprégnation précoce de différentes populations cellulaires qui conduiraient tardivement à une dégénérescence précoce des cellules en particulier au niveau neuronal et glial. En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent une programmation périnatale sexe-dépendante des troubles, mis en évidence aussi bien sur le plan comportemental que sur le plan cognitif chez les souris dont leurs mères ont consommé de l’anguille polluée, via des mécanismes inflammatoires. Cela laisse supposer un impact endocrino-dépendant dont il faudrait confirmer la réalité et les mécanismes
Several lines of evidence indicate that early-life inflammation may predispose to mental illness in later-life. In our study, we investigated the impact of perinatal exposure to polluted eels on the brain and microglia inflammation in a lifespan approach as well as on the resignation behavior, the locomotor activity and the cognitive performances in the later life of male and female offspring mice. The effects of maternal standard diet (laboratory food) were compared to the same diet enriched with low, intermediate, or highly polluted eels. Our results showed a chronic brain inflammation in male and female offspring mice compared to controls, as assessed at the birth, up weaning, adulthood and middle-age. Activated microglia produced pro-inflammatory markers across the lifespan of male as well as female exposed offspring. The plasmatic level of myeloperoxidase was found to be significantly higher in both adult and middle-aged males and females vs. control offspring. However, high corticosterone levels were only found in adult male offspring mice perinatally exposed to polluted eels, suggesting a sex-selective dysregulation of the adult hypothalamic- pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. Sex selective differences were also found in adulthood, with regard to the offspring resignation behavior. Indeed, depressive-like symptoms were only found in adult male mice perinatally exposed to polluted eels. On the middle- age, sexe selective effects were found with regard to memory and locomotor activity. Indeed, hyperactive phenotype was only detected in females. In addition, impaired long-term memory was only detected in middle-aged females, perinatally exposed to either intermediately or highly polluted eels. This deficit was related to decreases in ERK1/2 and p65 activation, and acetylcholine levels that were only detected in female hippocampus exposed to either intermediately or highly polluted eels. In conclusion, our results indicated that early-life inflammatory insults were the plausible causative factor that programmed the behavior impairments and cognitive deficit in the later-life of offspring, and suggested that sex played an important role in the determination of nature of the appeared alterations
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Zhang, Yongfang. "Amino acid metabolism and requirement in teleost during their early life stages and implications in fish formulated diets." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1199374737.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Heavey, Patricia. New methodologies for studying diet and gut maturation in early life. [S.l: The Author], 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Vaughan, William. The newlanders cure: Aswell of those violent sicknesses which distemper most minds in these latter dayes as also by a cheape and newfound diet, to preserve the body sound and free from all diseases until the last date of life, through extreamity of age : wherein are inserted generall and speciall remedies against the scurvy, coughes, feavers, goute, collicke, sea-sicknessess, and other grievous infirmities. [London]: Imprinted at London by N.O. for F. Constable ..., 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Scully, D. Eleanor. Early French cookery: Sources, history, original recipes and modern adaptations. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Scully, D. Eleanor. Early French cookery: Sources, history, original recipes and modern adaptions. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Press, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Hein, Blommestijn, ed. L' éguillon, les flammes, les flèches, et le miroir de l'amour de Dieu, propres pour enamourer l'âme de Dieu en Dieu mesme. Roma: Institutum Carmelitanum, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Francis. Traité de l'amour de Dieu. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

l'home?", Jornades Internacionals "Què és. Què és l'home?: Reflexions antropològiques a la Corona d'Aragó durant l'Edat Mitjana : actes de les Jornades Internacionals celebrades a la Universitat Internacional de Catalunya els dies ... Cabrils, Barcelona: Prohom Edicions i Serveis Culturals, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Ghazzālī. The attributes of divine perfection = [Maqṣad al-asná]: The concept of God in Islam. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Xenel Industries Ltd., 1989.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Ghazzālī. The ninety-nine beautiful names of God =: Al-Maqṣad al-asnā : fī s̲h̲arḥ asmāʼ Allāh al-ḥusnā. Cambridge, UK: Islamic Texts Society, 1992.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

1934-, Donnelly John Patrick, Teske Roland J. 1934-, and Bellarmino, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Saint, 1542-1621., eds. Spiritual writings. New York: Paulist Press, 1989.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Lillycrop, Karen A., Mark A. Hanson, and Graham C. Burdge. "Epigenetics and the Influence of Maternal Diet." In Early Life Origins of Human Health and Disease, 11–20. Basel: KARGER, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000221149.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Demetriou, Christiana A., Karin van Veldhoven, Caroline Relton, Silvia Stringhini, Kyriacos Kyriacou, and Paolo Vineis. "Socioeconomics, Obesity, and Early-Life Nutrition on the Role of DNA Methylation in Biological Embedding." In Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, 125–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Demetriou, Christiana A., Karin van Veldhoven, Caroline Relton, Silvia Stringhini, Kyriacos Kyriacou, and Paolo Vineis. "Socioeconomics, Obesity, and Early-Life Nutrition on the Role of DNA Methylation in Biological Embedding." In Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31143-2_13-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Lindlar, R., A. Zielke, U. Schäfer, and M. Rothmund. "Early Postoperative Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage from the Suture Line." In Die Chirurgie und ihre Spezialgebiete Eine Symbiose, 177–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95662-1_97.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Rautava, Samuli. "Diet and Microbiota in Early Life." In Reference Module in Food Science. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819265-8.00085-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

"2: Live, Eat, Die: Health, Diet, and Life Expectancy." In Studies in the Early Middle Ages, 47–72. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sem-eb.4.00110.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ranasinghe, Purnika Damindi, and Thomas Abrahamsson. "Diet and the Gut Microbiome in Early Life." In Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology, 51–59. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66027-0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Simpson, Melissa, and Jill Norris. "Early-Life Diet and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes." In Epidemiology of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes, 49–61. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781420047981-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

"Early Life Stage Mortality Syndrome in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea." In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndrome in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, edited by Ying Q. Ji, Joseph J. Warthesen, and Ira R. Adelman. American Fisheries Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569087.ch11.

Full text
Abstract:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Juvenile and adult lake trout <em>Salvelinus namaycush </em>that were fed semipurified, thiaminedeficient diets or alewives <em>Alosa pseudoharengus </em>containing thiaminase, a thiamine-destroying enzyme, showed no overt symptoms of thiamine deficiency. Growth rates and ovulation rates were similar among all treatments. However, liver thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), a biochemical indicator of impending thiamine deficiency, in juvenile lake trout fed thiamine-deficient diets was reduced to 35 pmol/ g compared with 59 pmol/g in control groups. Blood TPP in adult female lake trout fed alewives was one-third of that in controls fed a commercial diet. Adult lake trout from Lake Michigan had blood TPP levels similar to those of fish fed the alewife diet in the laboratory. Lake Superior lake trout had TPP levels similar to those of fish fed the control diet in the laboratory. Thiamine synthesis occurred in the intestine of lake trout. At least 81% of thiamine in the posterior intestine was synthesized, presumably by bacteria, when a <sup>14</sup>C-labeled thiamine diet was force-fed to lake trout. Thiamine had a long retention time in the lake trout: at 27 weeks after fish were injected with radioactive thiamine, blood cells retained 11% of the radioactivity that was present at 2 d and liver tissue retained 34% of the 2-d level. Lack of self-sustaining lake trout reproduction by Lake Michigan fish may be related to their lower blood thiamine levels. Thiamine deficiency may cause early mortality syndrome, which is common in Lake Michigan but not Lake Superior fish with higher blood thiamine levels.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cottingham, Marion. "Diet Monitoring Software." In Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems, 452–64. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch058.

Full text
Abstract:
Obesity has been a known problem for over 60 years. As early as 1943, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company declared “Overweight is so common that it constitutes a national health problem of the first order.” In 1952, the American Heart association identified obesity as a cardiac risk factor (AHA, 1952). In 1974, obesity was identified as “the most important nutritional disease in the affluent countries of the world” (LANCET editorial, 1974). Over a few decades, the obesity epidemic has continually been creeping up in all developed countries around the world; this has accelerated rapidly in the last decade, and it appears to have reached a crisis level with unprecedented numbers, particularly in America, joining the overweight or obese categories (Anderson, Konz, Frederich, & Wood, 2001; Mokdad, Serdula, Dietz, Bowman, Marks, Koplan, 1999).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Xu, Jinyu, Jeffrey Galley, Michael Bailey, Jennifer Thomas-Ahner, Steven Clinton, and Susan Olivo-Marston. "Abstract 845: Diet stamps on bugs: early life dietary energy intake impacts gut microbiota." In Proceedings: AACR 107th Annual Meeting 2016; April 16-20, 2016; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-845.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Andrade, Fábia O., Camile C. Fontelles, Mariana Rosim, Tiago F. Oliveira, Ana PM Loureiro, Marcelo M. Rogero, Fernando S. Moreno, et al. "Abstract 192: Exposure to high saturated fat acid diet in early life changes the susceptibility to breast cancer in adulthood." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-192.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tappin, DM, M. Grzeda, C. Joinson, and J. Heron. "G108 Early life constipation has a strong heritable component and hard stools can precede fibre intake and predict a subsequent low fibre diet." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference and exhibition, 13–15 May 2019, ICC, Birmingham, Paediatrics: pathways to a brighter future. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-rcpch.104.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kris-Etherton, Penny. "The Essentiality of a Healthy Dietary Pattern Across the Lifespan for Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vgsg6979.

Full text
Abstract:
Penny Kris-Etherton PhD RD FAHA FASN FNLA CLS;Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally and in the U.S. Many risk factors, including an abnormal lipid/lipoprotein profile and high blood pressure (BP) increase CVD risk. A healthy dietary pattern decreases major CVD risk factors. Diet and lifestyle factors that affect lipids/lipoproteins include: macronutrients (i.e., saturated fat, unsaturated fat including omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, trans fat, carbohydrate, animal/plant protein), cholesterol, sterols/stanols, fiber, principally viscous, as well as body weight & weight loss, physical activity and meal timing, among some other emerging dietary interventions. Diet and lifestyle factors that affect BP include: a DASH Dietary Pattern, body weight, sodium & potassium, alcohol and physical activity. Collectively, implementing recommended dietary interventions can markedly decrease CVD risk. New evidence is accumulating that demonstrates the importance of controlling CVD risk factors across the lifespan even before birth (i.e., in utero). Much can be done to markedly decrease CVD morbidity and mortality as the result of healthy lifestyle practices that are implemented at any stage in life, with the greatest benefit realized when started early in life and maintained throughout the lifespan.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

ELObeid, Tahra, Susanna Phoboo, and Kalidas Shetty. "Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Potential of Indigenous Edible plants of Qatar." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0142.

Full text
Abstract:
Aizoon Canariense, Cynomorium Coccineum, Glossonema Edule, and Malva Parviflora, edible desert plants from Qatar, were selected to determine levels of phenolic bioactives and potential health benefits for managing early stages of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Aqueous extracts of C. Cocineum, contained soluble phenolics and had relatively high levels of antioxidant activity associated with α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE). G. Edule and M. Parviflora had moderate levels of anti-oxidant potential, soluble phenolics, and ACE inhibitory activity. The medicinal properties associated with C. Coccineum suggest the plant may have potential as a diet-based solution for combating, preventing, and managing the early stage of type 2 diabetes when coupled with an overall healthy life style and pharmacological management strategies.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Aramico, Basri, Emy Huriyati, and Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi. "Determinant Factors of Stunting and Effectiveness of Nutrition, Information, Education Interventions to Prevent Stunting in the First 1000 Days of Life: A Systematic Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.15.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: In the world, stunted children reach 155 million, with a 23% stunting prevalence. Asia as a whole is the most heavily stunted region in the world. In Asia, the prevalence of stunting was 56% in 2016. In 2019, the world’s number of stunted children reached 144 million, or 21.3%. Stunted children will experience neurological problems in the first 1000 days of life. This study aimed to systematically review the determinants factors of stunting and effectiveness of nutrition, information, education interventions to prevent stunting in the first 1000 days of life. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review study. Articles selected in this study were published in the PubMed database from January 2010 to January 2020. The articles were collected by following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Results: Determinant factors of stunting in developing countries and low-middle income countries were 1) feeding practice; 2) culture and ethnicity; delayed in carrying out early initiation of breastfeeding and complementary feeding of breast milk; 3) lack of knowledge and understanding of mothers about complementary breastfeeding and infant diet; 4) family planning practice; 5) birth spacing; 6) vaccination; 7) and parent’s education. Conclusion: Handling stunting in the first 1000 days of life is a priority at the national and global levels. Efforts to handle and prevent stunting problems through increasing maternal nutrition knowledge can be done by providing information or health messages related to nutrition, from a person or institution to the community as message recipients through certain media Keywords: determinant, intervention, golden age, stunting Correspondence: Basri Aramico. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh. Email: basri.aramico@yahoo.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.15
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Xie, Weidong, Kuo-Chuan Liu, and Mark Brillhart. "Pb-Free Thin Small Outline Package (TSOP) Board Level Reliability Study." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89183.

Full text
Abstract:
Thin Small Outline Package (TSOP) are one of the most commonly used surface mount components due to its low overall cost. Traditionally leadframe packages such as TSOP or Quad Flat Package (QFP) are less of a concern (if assembled with SnPb eutectic solder paste) about their long term reliability and often exempted from board level qualification testing as the mechanical compliance of metal leads mitigate the stresses due to the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch between the package and Print Circuit Board (PCB). Therefore more attention has been put on the solder joint reliability of Pb-free Ball Grid Array (BGA) packages over leadframe packages while the industry is moving away from SnPb eutectic solder materials to meet RoHS regulatory requirements. The authors have observed that TSOPs if assembled with Pb-free solder materials could fail at very early stages during qualification testing (in some case as early as 300 cycles under standard 0°C to 100°C thermal cycling). Since most Pb-free solder materials such as SnAgCu are mechanically more rigid than SnPb eutectic solder material, higher stresses are expected be induced in solder joints during temperature excursions. Pb-free solder materials’ wicking behavior may also contribute to the early failures. In this study, long term reliability of a flash memory TSOP has been investigated. These tested TSOPs, assembled on 93mil-thick PCBs with SAC305 paste, are of two configurations: one with single die and the other with stacked quadruple dies. Some test vehicles have been thermally aged under four different thermal aging conditions to study the aging effect on Pb-free solder joint life. Finite element analysis (FEA) modeling has also been employed to further investigate the impact of other parameters such as die size, package size, and the number of dies that being stacked inside one package.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Massoni, Brandon R., and Matthew I. Campbell. "Automated Design of Closed-Die Forgings." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68148.

Full text
Abstract:
Design of closed-die forgings is often too difficult and time consuming to be done early in the design process, but the manufacturing cost is heavily influenced by early design decisions. This paper describes a method for quickly predicting closed-die forging designs from tessellated shape files. This is performed by computationally slicing the 3D solid into 2D cross-sections and applying forging design rules to these cross-sections. This method can be used to identify the best parting line and stroke direction as well as estimate both the forging weight and shape in seconds. This information can be used early in the design process to quickly help engineers make informed decisions and comparisons even before a part design is finalized. Initial results show that this method can be applied quickly and accurately to a wide array of realistic mechanical parts.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Montemuro, P., N. Pasquetto, E. Curci, M. Colucci, and A. Semeraro. "MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY AND ENDOTHELIAL THROMBOMODULIN IN RABBITS FED AN ATHEROGENIC DIET." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643749.

Full text
Abstract:
Mononuclear phagocytes (M) and vascular cellsmay participate in the events that lead tothe development of atherosclerotic lesions. We have studied the procoagulant activity (PCA) of M and thrombomodulin (TM)-like activityofendothelial cells in 15 rabbits fed an atherogenic diet for 4-5 weeks and in 15 rabbits fed a standard diet. Peripheral blood and spleen M were tested for PCA immediately after isolation (basal PCA) and following in vitro stimulation by bacterial endotoxin, using a one-stage clotting assay. TM-like activity was measured by the rate of (bovine) protein C activation induced by catalytic concentrations of thrombin in the presence of aortic rings (1cm long) and CaCl2 Blood M expressed negligible basal PCA (< 1 U/105 M) both in hyperlipaemic and controlrabbits. Endotoxin-induced PCA was not significantly different in the two groups. In contrast, dietary treatment resulted in a significant increase in the basal PCA of spleen M (67.6 ± 13.5 vs 26.5 ± 5.4 U/105 M, pcO.Ol). Moreover, spleen M fromtreated animals produced significantly more PCA than controls (p<0.01) in response to endotoxin. When rabbits were given a single injection of endotoxin, spleen M harvested 60 min after the injection from hyperlipaemicanimals expressed 3 times more PCA (p<0.05, n=6) than did cells from controls. In all instances PCA was identified as tissue factor. TM activity associated with the endothelium was not different in the two groups of animals notwithstanding the presence of fatty streaks on the aortic endothelium of treated rabbits. It is suggested that dietary fats maycause early functional changes in M that leadto increased PCA production both in vivo and in vitro.These data may be relevant to an understanding of the role of M in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Shih, Hua-Chu, Ming F. Shi, Z. Cedric Xia, and Danielle Zeng. "Experimental Study on Shear Fracture of Advanced High Strength Steels: Part II." In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84070.

Full text
Abstract:
Developing a proper local formability failure criterion is the key to the successful prediction of the local formability of Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) in computer simulations. Shear fracture, which refers to the fracture occurred in the die radius when a sheet metal is drawn over a small die radius, often occurs earlier than predicted by the conventional forming limit curve (FLC). As shown in a previous study using a laboratory Stretch-Forming Simulator (SFS), shear fracture depends not only on the radius-to-thickness (R/T) ratio but also on the tension/stretch level applied to the sheet during stretching or drawing. In the SFS test, a flat sheet is first clamped at the both ends then gradually is wrapped around the die radius as the punch moves downward. This process simulates the early stage of stamping when a sheet metal is initially stretched or drawn over a die/punch radius. However, shear fracture may not occur in this stage if the stretch/tension level is not high enough. In this study, the Bending under Tension (BUT) tester is used to evaluate shear fracture occurring in the later stage of stamping, after the sheet metal is totally wrapped around the die radius. It is demonstrated that shear fracture does occur in this deformation mode when a sufficient tension level is applied. Effects of forming conditions, such as forming speeds and lubrication on shear fracture, are also investigated. When compared to the results from the SFS, the data points failing at the die radius tangent point agree very well. It is observed that all data points above the tangent point failure line show shear fracture, while data points below this line show tensile failure (localized necking) regardless of the test methods used. This indicates that the tangent point fracture line can be used as the shear fracture failure limit. This failure criterion can be used in a computer simulation to simulate the shear fracture phenomenon in the entire deformation process involved in a sheet metal stretching or drawing over a die radius.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Early life diet"

1

Butler, Walter R., Uzi Moallem, Amichai Arieli, Robert O. Gilbert, and David Sklan. Peripartum dietary supplementation to enhance fertility in high yielding dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587723.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Objectives of the project: To evaluate the effects of a glucogenic supplement during the peripartum transition period on insulin, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, and progesterone profile in dairy cows. To compare benefits of supplemental fats differing in fatty acid composition and fed prepartum on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, progesterone profile, and uterine prostaglandin production in lactating dairy cows. To assess the differential and carry-over effects of glucogenic and fat supplements fed to peripartum dairy cows on steroidogenesis and fatty acids in ovarian follicles. To determine the carry-over effects of peripartum glucogenic or fat supplements on fertility in high producing dairy cows (modified in year 3 to Israel only). Added during year 3 of project: To assess the activity of genes related to hepatic lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis following dietary supplementation (USA only). Background: High milk yields in dairy cattle are generally associated with poor reproductive performance. Low fertility results from negative energy balance (NEBAL) of early lactation that delays resumption of ovarian cycles and exerts other carryover effects. During NEBAL, ovulation of ovarian follicles is compromised by low availability of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but fatty acid mobilization from body stores is augmented. Liver function during NEBAL is linked to the resumption of ovulation and fertility: 1) Accumulation of fatty acids by the liver and ketone production are associated with delayed first ovulation; 2) The liver is the main source of IGF-I. NEBAL will continue as a consequence of high milk yield, but dietary supplements are currently available to circumvent the effects on liver function. For this project, supplementation was begun prepartum prior to NEBAL in an effort to reduce detrimental effects on liver and ovarian function. Fats either high or low in unsaturated fatty acids were compared for their ability to reduce liver triglyceride accumulation. Secondarily, feeding specific fats during a period of high lipid turnover caused by NEBAL provides a novel approach for manipulating phospholipid pools in tissues including ovary and uterus. Increased insulin from propylene glycol (glucogenic) was anticipated to reduce lipolysis and increase IGF-I. The same supplements were utilized in both the USA and Israel, to compare effects across different diets and environments. Conclusions: High milk production and very good postpartum health was achieved by dietary supplementation. Peripartum PGLY supplementation had no significant effects on reproductive variables. Prepartum fat supplementation either did not improve metabolic profile and ovarian and uterine responses in early lactation (USA) or decreased intake when added to dry cow diets (Israel). Steroid production in ovarian follicles was greater in lactating dairy cows receiving supplemental fat (unsaturated), although in a field trail fertility to insemination was not improved.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Early life diet' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography