Relevant bibliographies by topics / Early intervention strategies

Academic literature on the topic 'Early intervention strategies'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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Corwin, Maria DeOca. "Early Intervention Strategies with Borderline Clients." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 77, no. 1 (January 1996): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.837.

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The author discusses the treatment needs of the young, self-destructive, unstable borderline client. A practice approach reformulated on the basis of recent research findings on borderline developmental history and course of illness is presented. This approach employs strategies derived from trauma recovery and brief treatment to address self-destructveness and high rates of attrition in this clinic population as well as the demands of managed mental health care for briefer, more effective treatment. Pragmatic goals and structured, focused interventions for initial contacts or the early stage of treatment are outlined and illustrated.
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Karp, Joan M. "Strategies for Successful Early Intervention Coordinating Councils." Remedial and Special Education 11, no. 6 (November 1990): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259001100611.

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Friedman, Mollie, Juliann Woods, and Christine Salisbury. "Caregiver Coaching Strategies for Early Intervention Providers." Infants & Young Children 25, no. 1 (2012): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iyc.0b013e31823d8f12.

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Eggimann, Philippe, and Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner. "Early antifungal intervention strategies in ICU patients." Current Opinion in Critical Care 16, no. 5 (October 2010): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcc.0b013e32833e0487.

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Genemaras, Amaris, Chun-Yuh Charles Huang, and Lee D. Kaplan. "Early Intervention Strategies For Acute Cartilage Injury." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 3, no. 7_suppl2 (July 2015): 2325967115S0011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967115s00118.

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Wagner, Henry, and John C. Ruckdeschel. "Screening, Early Detection, and Early Intervention Strategies for Lung Cancer." Cancer Control 2, no. 6 (November 1995): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107327489500200602.

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Screening for lung cancer has been utilized for several decades without demonstrating overall survival benefit. However, recent advances in treatment of lung cancer, improvements in our biologic understanding of lung cancer development, and an increasing population of healthy ex-smokers provide cause for optimism. Several chemoprevention trials suggest that it may be possible to intervene in the oncologic process prior to the development of invasive malignancy, resulting in a delay or reversal of these changes.
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Singh, Swaran P., and Helen L. Fisher. "Early intervention in psychosis: obstacles and opportunities." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 11, no. 1 (January 2005): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.11.1.71.

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By focusing therapeutic effort on the early stages of psychotic disorders, effective early intervention should improve short- and long-term outcomes. Strategies include pre-psychotic and prodromal interventions to prevent emergence of psychosis, detecting untreated cases in the community and facilitating recovery in established cases of psychosis. The evidence base for each of these strategies is currently limited, although several international trials are under way. The Department of Health in the UK has announced the intention of setting up 50 early intervention services nationally, several of which are already operational. In this article, we briefly discuss the differing ways in which early intervention is conceptualised, summarise the evidence supporting it in established cases of psychosis, suggest appropriate service models and describe two early intervention services in south-west London.
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Falloon, Ian R. H., John H. Coverdale, Tannis M. Laidlaw, Sally Merry, Robert R. Kydd, and Pierluigi Morosini. "Early intervention for schizophrenic disorders." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, S33 (June 1998): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000297638.

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Background Early detection and intervention in schizophrenic disorders is an important challenge for psychiatry.Method Review of literature on effective biomedical and psychosocial intervention strategies.Results Comprehensive programmes of drug and psychosocial interventions with adults who show early signs and symptoms of schizophrenic disorders may contribute to a lower incidence and prevalence of major episodes of schizophrenia. These programmes combine early detection of psychotic features by primary care services, with close liaison with mental health professionals. Long-term monitoring of signs of recurrence, with further intervention, appears essential to maintain these benefits.Conclusions Field trials demonstrate that effective early treatment strategies can be routinely applied in clinical practice.
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Rajib, Dutta. "Multimodal treatment strategies in Huntington’s disease." Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Disorders 5, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 072–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jnnd.1001054.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that causes involuntary movements, emotional lability, and cognitive dysfunction. HD symptoms usually develop between ages 30 and 50, but can appear as early as 2 or as late as 80 years. Currently no neuroprotective and neurorestorative interventions are available. Early multimodal intervention in HD is only possible if the genetic diagnosis is made early. Early intervention in HD is only possible if genetic diagnosis is made at the disease onset or when mild symptoms manifest. Growing evidence and understanding of HD pathomechanism has led researchers to new therapeutic targets. Here, in this article we will talk about the multimodal treatment strategies and recent advances made in this field which can be used to target the HD pathogenesis at its most proximal level.
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Olempska-Wysocka, Magdalena. "Early intervention strategies for children with hearing impairments." Special School LXXVIII, no. 2 (April 25, 2017): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.9143.

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The purpose of the article is to present important strategies used in early intervention for children with hearing impairments. With reference to the paradigm of family-focused intervention, the role of specialists is discussed - with emphasis on its autonomy - as well as their cooperation with the family. The most important recent scientific research on early intervention for children with hearing impairments is pointed to. The impact of technological changes on child language, social and cognitive development is taken into consideration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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Friedman, Mollie. "Caregiver coaching strategies in home-based early intervention." Tallahassee, Florida : Florida State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07242009-144223/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2009.
Advisor: Juliann Woods, Florida State University, College of Communication, Dept. of Communication Disorders. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed on Nov. 10, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 46 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Trivette, Carol M. "Engaging Families to Focus on Intervention Strategies." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4453.

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Young children with disabilities have better outcomes when their families are actively involved in supporting their child’s learning. This session will help Early Interventionists, private therapy providers, and other professionals working with young children with disabilities think about their interactions with the child's family and how those interactions strengthen a family’s ability to support their child’s learning. In this 90 minute session participants will: Learn about strategies to increase parent participation in their child’s Early Intervention home visits and/or therapy sessions Explore possible strategies that can be used to engage a deployed parent in home visits and/or therapy sessions Observe through video, professionals working with a parent to enhance the parent’s use of effective intervention strategies Explore the use of tools and strategies that promote reflection on practices being used to engage families
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Hubbard, Jodi L. "Teacher perceptions regarding truancy causes and early intervention strategies /." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003hubbardj.pdf.

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Bray, Carolyn Scott. "Early Identification of Dropout-Prone Students and Early Intervention Strategies to Improve Student Retention at a Private University." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331697/.

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The problem of this study was first year student retention at a private university. The purpose of the study was to identify high risk students (dropout prone) by use of the Stratil Counseling Inventory -_ College Form (SCI-C) in order to initiate early intervention counseling and advising. Intrusive counseling was started within the first six weeks of the 1984 fall semester to facilitate the students' transition to college. The population of the study was first-time full-time freshmen students in attendance at Freshmen Orientation the week prior to the beginning of the 1984 academic year. SCI-C instrument consisted of six scales designed to elicit attrition-related information about the firsttime, freshmen students. The scales identified students who were in need of assistance, and they provided a profile of their problem areas. This information, available within ten days after the beginning of classes enabled Student Development personnel to select the students out of the freshman class who needed help and to refer them to university resources for assistance. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of the SCI-C data were: (1) students who needed assistance to integrate into the academic and social envrionment of the university were identified by the SCI-C; (2) students at Hardin-Simmons University value adult/student relationship outside of the classroom; (3) attitudes of caring service creates a "staying environment;1* (4) although the SCI-C indicates students' interests in support services, not all students who request assistance, avail themselves of the opportunities provided for them; (5) a relationship seems to exist between the intervention strategies provided particular freshmen and their succesful performance in the classroom (CPA of 1.60 or greater) and their persistence at the university for their second year; (6) the SCI-C provides attrition-related counseling information about students rather than predicting college academic success; and (7) the SCI-C i s a valid instrument to use to facilitate student retention at Hardin-Simmons University,
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Dick, Kaitlin J. "EFFECTS OF A COACHING INTERVENTION ON TEACHER’S IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURALISTIC STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE COMMUNICATION IN CHILDREN." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/43.

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With accountability on the rise, educators are changing their focus to optimizing instructional strategies in the classroom. Their job performance depends upon their ability to show progress on child outcomes. One way teachers advance this process is by executing more evidence-based practices in their classroom. There is a lack of research in early childhood that report treatment integrity of the treatment package. This study utilized a multicomponent coaching intervention to increasing treatment fidelity of teacher implementation of naturalistic teaching strategies in an early childhood classroom. This coaching intervention could prove to be more efficient and practical for educators. This study added to the external validity and generalization of the findings in an early childhood classroom by using one-two year old children with social communication delays. This study found a functional relationship between training early childhood teachers through a multicomponent coaching intervention and the increase in treatment fidelity of implementing naturalistic teaching strategies with children with communication delays. The percentage of child responses per opportunity increased once the teachers implemented the strategies.
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Marrs, Jo-Ann, Sharon Trumbley, and Gaurav Malik. "Early Childhood Dental Cares: Determining the Risk Factors and Assessing the Prevention Strategies for Nursing Intervention." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7101.

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Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease condition in childhood and involves the presence of one or more decayed (noncavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled teeth in children under 72 months of age (American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 2010a). ECC is a multifactorial disease that is preventable and requires intervention by the nurse. When teeth are discolored and damaged by dental caries, children may be reluctant to smile, have difficulty talking, miss school, or be unable to focus on studies due to dental pain. This "state of the science" article reviews the literature to determine the risk factors for ECC, assess the prevention strategies, and apply that information to enhance nursing practice. Computerized searches from MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were used.
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Larmar, Stephen Anthony, and n/a. "The Development and Evaluation of an Early Intervention and Prevention Program for Children and Families At-Risk of Conduct Problems." Griffith University. School of Psychology, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20051111.154414.

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The prevalence of conduct problems in children impacts upon families, educational settings, and broader society within Australia. Conduct problems develop early in an individual's life and can lead to more serious problems including substance abuse and delinquency in adolescence and adulthood. Given the high incidence of conduct problems in children, the need for prevention and early intervention strategies to target the onset and development of this phenomenon is paramount. This thesis focuses on early intervention strategies for reducing the incidence of conduct problems in children and explores a multi-modal early intervention and prevention program targeting children and families at-risk of the development of conduct problems. A randomised controlled trial involving 455 children was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this program. Participants were drawn from ten Education Queensland primary schools in the Mount Gravatt district of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The 455 children were randomly assigned to either experimental or control conditions for the purposes of the program's evaluation. From this initial cohort, an indicated sample of 1 52 participants was identified through a universal screening process. This sample included children who were considered more at-risk of conduct problems. Participants designated to experimental conditions engaged in the school component of the program, with 66 of the experimental group receiving an additional indicated component facilitated in the school setting. Further, a selection of parents of children in the experimental group participated in the home component of the intervention. The retention rate for families engaged in the study was high with 96% of participants remaining engaged in the study throughout the evaluation process. The findings that emerged from the study revealed significant differences between participants who engaged in the intervention program compared with those designated to control conditions. Positive changes in the behaviour of students reported at the school level were statistically significant. However, while some changes were identified in the home setting, the treatment effects of the program were not significant. These findings were sustained at the six-month follow up period. Conclusions drawn from this study were conceptualised within the framework of current advances in the social science literature that focus on conduct problems and early intervention and prevention. The outcomes of the research emphasise the significance of comprehensive interventions programs for children and families at-risk that focus on both school and home settings and that are easily implemented in, and cost-effective to, community populations. Recommendations from this research serve to inform ftiture research agendas in early intervention and prevention and specialists in the fields of psychology and education.
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Larmar, Stephen Anthony. "The Development and Evaluation of an Early Intervention and Prevention Program for Children and Families At-Risk of Conduct Problems." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367381.

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The prevalence of conduct problems in children impacts upon families, educational settings, and broader society within Australia. Conduct problems develop early in an individual's life and can lead to more serious problems including substance abuse and delinquency in adolescence and adulthood. Given the high incidence of conduct problems in children, the need for prevention and early intervention strategies to target the onset and development of this phenomenon is paramount. This thesis focuses on early intervention strategies for reducing the incidence of conduct problems in children and explores a multi-modal early intervention and prevention program targeting children and families at-risk of the development of conduct problems. A randomised controlled trial involving 455 children was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this program. Participants were drawn from ten Education Queensland primary schools in the Mount Gravatt district of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The 455 children were randomly assigned to either experimental or control conditions for the purposes of the program's evaluation. From this initial cohort, an indicated sample of 1 52 participants was identified through a universal screening process. This sample included children who were considered more at-risk of conduct problems. Participants designated to experimental conditions engaged in the school component of the program, with 66 of the experimental group receiving an additional indicated component facilitated in the school setting. Further, a selection of parents of children in the experimental group participated in the home component of the intervention. The retention rate for families engaged in the study was high with 96% of participants remaining engaged in the study throughout the evaluation process. The findings that emerged from the study revealed significant differences between participants who engaged in the intervention program compared with those designated to control conditions. Positive changes in the behaviour of students reported at the school level were statistically significant. However, while some changes were identified in the home setting, the treatment effects of the program were not significant. These findings were sustained at the six-month follow up period. Conclusions drawn from this study were conceptualised within the framework of current advances in the social science literature that focus on conduct problems and early intervention and prevention. The outcomes of the research emphasise the significance of comprehensive interventions programs for children and families at-risk that focus on both school and home settings and that are easily implemented in, and cost-effective to, community populations. Recommendations from this research serve to inform ftiture research agendas in early intervention and prevention and specialists in the fields of psychology and education.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Psychology
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Copeland, Juliet Bertaut. "Parent and Therapist Perceptions of Sensory Based Strategies Used by Occupational Therapists in Family-Centered Early Intervention Practice." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1090.

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A qualitative approach was used to explore the perceptions of parents and therapists in early intervention regarding sensory diets and their efficacy, particularly their goodness of fit within family routines and occupations. Open-ended interviews were conducted with therapist and parent participants and analysis of the data resulted in a model depicting how sensory diets became a "way of life" for families. The Sensory Diet "Way of Life" Model revealed seven themes that illustrated how occupational therapists in early intervention enter the homes of the families they serve and establish a "partnership" with parents to address a child's needs. Once this "partnership" is established, knowledge is transferred to parents who then transform their "vision" of their child and are empowered to generalize knowledge of sensory processing and sensory diets to ever enlarging environments. Ultimately, the sensory diet became a "way of life" for these families. Implications for the field of occupational therapy were given following the presentation of the model.
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Dillensnyder, Scott P. "Prevention and early intervention as a response to juvenile crime and violence a study of strategies and programs /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1998. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1998.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2938. Abstract appears on leaves 2-3. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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McWilliam, P. J. Practical strategies for family-centered early intervention. San Diego, Calif: Singular Pub. Group, 1996.

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J, Winton Pamela, and Crais Elizabeth, eds. Practical strategies for family-centered early intervention. San Diego, Calif: Singular Pub. Group, 1996.

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Arnn, Loretta. Strategies for early intervention programs: From planning to service delivery. Palo Alto, CA: VORT Corp., 1989.

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Ferre, Louise. Assessment of behavioral problems and intervention strategies in early childhood. Columbia, MO: Hawthorne, 1995.

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M, Leafstedt Jill, ed. Early reading intervention: Strategies and methods for teaching struggling readers. Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon, 2010.

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Ferre, Louise. Assessment of developmental delays and intervention strategies in early childhood. Columbia, MO: Hawthorne, 1993.

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J, Winton Pamela, McCollum Jeanette A, and Catlett Camille, eds. Reforming personnel preparation in early intervention: Issues, models, and practical strategies. Baltimore, Md: Paul H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1997.

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Wright, Robert J. Early numeracy: Assessment for teaching and intervention. London: Paul Chapman, 2000.

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Peggy, Rosin, ed. Partnerships in family-centered care: A guide to collaborative early intervention. Baltimore: P.H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1996.

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Koralek, Derry Gosselin. Classroom strategies to promote children's social and emotional development. Lewisville, NC: Kaplan Press, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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Kurz, M. "Early intervention strategies in substance abuse." In Addiction Mechanisms, Phenomenology and Treatment, 85–96. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0541-2_5.

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DuPaul, George J., and Lee Kern. "Home-based behavioral intervention strategies." In Young children with ADHD: Early identification and intervention., 63–85. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/12311-003.

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DuPaul, George J., and Lee Kern. "Preschool-based behavioral intervention strategies." In Young children with ADHD: Early identification and intervention., 87–106. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/12311-004.

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Avery-Leaf, Sarah, and Michele Cascardi. "Dating violence education: Prevention and early intervention strategies." In Preventing violence in relationships: Interventions across the life span., 79–105. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10455-004.

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Aldred, Catherine, Carol Taylor, Ming Wai Wan, and Jonathan Green. "Using Video Feedback Strategies in Parent-Mediated Early Autism Intervention." In Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism, 221–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90994-3_14.

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Irwin, Caitlin, and Judah B. Axe. "Overview of applied behavior analysis and early intervention for autism spectrum disorder." In Behavioral interventions in schools: Evidence-based positive strategies (2nd ed.)., 205–26. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000126-012.

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Gråwe, Rolf W., Jan H. Widen, and Ian R. H. Falloon. "Early Intervention for Schizophrenic Disorders: Implementing Optimal Treatment Strategies in Clinical Services." In Comprehensive Treatment of Schizophrenia, 290–97. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68514-2_31.

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Dodd, Stephanie, Christina Capacci-Daniel, Christopher Towler, Riccardo Panicucci, and Keith Hoffmaster. "Early Intervention with Formulation Strategies for Multidimensional Problems to Optimize for Success." In Predictive ADMET, 505–22. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118783344.ch22.

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Imdad, Aamer, and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta. "Intervention Strategies to Address Multiple Micronutrient Deficiencies in Pregnancy and Early Childhood." In Meeting Micronutrient Requirements for Health and Development, 61–73. Basel: S. KARGER AG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000337441.

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Hursting, Stephen D., Marie M. Cantwell, Leah B. Sansbury, and Michele R. Forman. "Nutrition and Cancer Prevention: Targets, Strategies, and the Importance of Early Life Interventions." In Primary Prevention by Nutrition Intervention in Infancy and Childhood, 153–202. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000091072.

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Conference papers on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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Chand, Rajni, Afshana Anzeg, and Sharishna Narayan. "At-Risk Students: An Early Intervention System." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.1292.

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During the Covid-19 lockdown, the University of the South Pacific (USP) had to close the Face-to-Face (F2F) delivery of lectures, tutorials and Drop-in support services at all its campuses. This included closing the Drop-in sessions at Student Learning Support (SLS) that provide additional literacy, numeracy and remedial support for students studying at USP. Given that all courses changed to online mode, contact with students was only possible using online virtual sessions such as Big Blue Button (BBB) or Zoom. Such sessions were only possible for students who had facilities and resources and could afford to study online. With Internet cafes and USP's Outreach Hubs, computer labs, and libraries closed, it further limited facilities for studying online for many. Realising major accessibility issues for the majority of its students, particularly those who needed support the most, USP formed a working group of SLS, First-Year Experience (FYEC) Coordinators, Information Technology Services (ITS), and Student Administrative Services (SAS) to design a strategy to identify and support the At-Risk Students (ARS). Moodle, the Learning Management System (LMS) used at USP, which records all students' activities became the central platform for this intervention. With SLS and FYE access to student activity and logs across the different schools at USP, the team worked on the design and implementation of an intervention system to help students isolated due to COVID-19 lockdowns. Intervention systems have been successfully used at many universities (Carroll, 2007; Burmack, 2002; Riddle, 2009; Frey & Fisher, 2008; Trilling & Fadel, 2009; Zhang, Fei, Quddau and Davis, 2014), showing a reduction in dropout and a better pass rate. The approach used at USP involved creating regular contact with the ARS studying in isolation or lockdown, supporting them through internet data plans for studying and virtual academic support sessions. The results showed an increase in these students' Moodle activity and better performance in the courses they were enrolled in. This paper discusses the planning, strategies, and results from a primary survey conducted on these ARS' performances.
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Tudor, Sofia-Loredana. "Study on the Training Needs of Teaching Staff to Provide Quality Early Childhood Education Services." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/36.

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Early child development is related to early education, health, nutrition, and psychosocial development; therefore, the holistic concept of early approach combines elements from the area of stimulation of the child, health, nutrition, speech therapy, psychological counselling, physical development support, etc. The need for the development of integrated early education services and their extension to the area of 0-3 years are priorities of the European strategies assumed through a complex of educational policy measures, having as a priority the development of quality early education services for the benefit of all prerequisites for lowering the schooling rate (Strategy for early childhood education, Strategy for parental education, Strategy for reducing early school leaving in Romania, Study on the evaluation of public policies in the field of early childhood education - Saber Early Childhood). In this context of the development of early childhood education, numerous inequalities are identified in the implementation of European and national strategies and programs in the development of early childhood education services, supported by economic, political, social factors, etc. In order to make them compatible at European level, we consider it necessary to support training and development programs for staff providing educational services in early childhood education institutions. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the opinion of the bodies with attributions in the pre-kindergarten and preschool education in Romania, as well as of the civil society and public opinion, as a prerequisite for identifying school policy measures and developing programs for training the teaching staff so as to be able to provide educational services in early childhood education (representatives responsible for early childhood education in school inspectorates and Houses of the Teaching Staff, teaching staff in preschool educational institutions, representatives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, representatives of the Social Assistance Directorate, managers of nursery schools, representatives of NGOs and other categories of organizations with experience in the field, parents and interested representatives of the civil society and public opinion). The present study is a qualitative research based on the focus-group method, but also a quantitative research by using the questionnaire-based survey, being carried out on a representative sample of 100 persons (2 focus-group of 25 persons, respectively 50 persons involved in the survey-based questionnaire). The conclusions of this study highlight the need to restructure the system of early childhood education in Romania through interventions at the legislative level and ensure a unitary system of policy and intervention in early childhood education. Also, we believe it is imperative to reorganize the training system of the human resource, by developing complementary competences of the teaching staff, adapted to the training needs of the early childhood population, ensuring a valuable inclusive and integrated intervention.
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Tusheva, Polina, Frank Schaefer, Nils Reinke, and Frank-Peter Weiss. "Assessment of Early-Phase Accident Management Strategies in a Station Blackout Scenario for VVER-1000 Reactors." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29954.

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In recent years, many NPPs have developed and implemented severe accident management guidelines (SAMG). It is the primary objective of developing SAMG to prevent or mitigate the consequences of severe accidents by keeping the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) integrity and reducing the load to the containment. In a hypothetical Station Blackout accident all active safety systems are unavailable. Without additional measures this would lead to heating-up of the reactor core with severe core degradation. To avoid or to limit the consequences of a possible core heat up, different accident management strategies can be applied. This paper presents an assessment of early-phase accident management actions for VVER-1000 reactors. In particular Primary Side Depressurization (PSD) is investigated as a basic strategy for managing severe accidents under high pressure conditions. In addition, Secondary Side Depressurization (SSD) is also being investigated. It aims at fast reduction of the secondary pressure and feeding the steam generators’ secondary side with water from the feed water tank or from a different source. In that way, the heat removal from the primary to the secondary side can be significantly enhanced and the core heat-up at high pressure can be delayed. A number of simulations with different criteria for actuation of the PSD procedure and additional SSD were performed using the thermal-hydraulic system code ATHLET. This paper provides a detailed modelling of the reactor coolant system and the required safety systems, analysis of the thermal-hydraulic and safety parameters and description of the physical phenomena. Special attention is given to the possibilities of preventing or at least delaying an extended core heat-up depending on the availability of the operational and safety systems. The effectiveness of the applied accident management measures and the effect on the accident progression were studied in order to assess the maximum response time for operators’ intervention.
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Abdel-Basset, Mohamed, Yousef Al-Otaibi, Taha Blushi, Anood Al-Dhafiri, Majdi Al-Mutawa, Mamoun Abdelbagi, and Ahmed Hadi. "North Kuwait Jurassic Gas Experience of Expanding Multistage Completion Strategy for Managing Deep Tight Gas Development Challenges." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211390-ms.

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Abstract North Kuwait Jurassic Gas asset has strategic importance for Kuwait production strategy as the only non-associated gas producing fields in Kuwait. This paper demonstrates the added value, experience, challenges and lessons learned of recent paradigm shift in Jurassic tight gas wells’ completion strategy from cemented liner to multistage completion. A successful expansion of Multi-Stage Completion (MSC) technology has been achieved on field level led by integrated team efforts since early 2020 to date. This helps to enhance overall well production potential, selective stimulation, overcome reservoir and intervention operations challenges, and early production delivery. The Jurassic gas asset produces mainly from deep high pressure and temperature, conventional and unconventional tight carbonate reservoirs. The recovery from such complex heterogeneous reservoirs is extremely challenging if conventional development strategies are applied. Due to the high reservoir tightness, permeability contrast among different flow units and dual permeability effect (matrix and natural fractures), well productivity potential significantly depends on the effectiveness of subsequent stimulation treatments of such complex heterogeneous reservoir to improve well productivity and connect the natural fractures. Selecting proper well completion is critical to overcome such reservoir challenges and ensure efficient acid stimulation treatments of such unconventional formations that need convenient diversion mechanism during the stimulation to enhance the productivity of each individual reservoir layer, and enable future flexibility of selective re-stimulation and reservoir management. The asset team has applied a step change in completion strategy to open-hole HPHT multistage drop-ball completions using state-of-the-art MSC technologies including closable frac ports, full 3.5in monobore post milling and debris sub to protect the MSC string during upper completion operations. This is to overcome such reservoir complexity, eliminate wellbore cleaning and multiple perforation intervention operations challenges and risks, eliminate cement quality uncertainties, improve overall cost, and fast track well delivery to production to meet asset production target by significantly reducing operation time from approximately one month of plug and perf technique to less than one week of continuous and less subsurface intervention operations. Total of 23 new Multi-stage completions were successfully installed in last 2 years including 4 systems in horizontal unconventional Najmah reservoir with overall good production results and significant improvement in selective acid stimulation (matrix and Fracturing), intervention operations efficiency and fast well delivery to production. Therefore, the asset plans to continue expansion in Multi-stage completion strategy. Based on gained experience, an integrated protocol for multi-stage candidate well selection, staging design and installation procedures workflow has been built by the integrated multidisciplinary team to ensure standard process across fields which can be used for application in other fields.
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Mayoral-Peña, K., A. Hambleton-Fuentes, and E. Caloca-Lafont. "UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' INVOLVEMENT IN DIGITAL PATIENT-EDUCATION STRATEGY AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In The 7th International Conference on Education 2021. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2021.7163.

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The COVID-19 pandemic generated relevant challenges in educating future physicians and brought attention back to the vulnerability caused by non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cancer, emphysema, and cardiovascular affections. Due to the risk of the 2019 Coronavirus contagion, the patient-based education strategies were put on hold, as they were face-to-face. Also, there was an urgent need to develop strategies that used new technologies to offer efficient and fast medical content to the non-specialized public. To overcome this situation, we involved undergraduate students of medicine in developing scientific content and infographics about the prevention and early diagnosis of cancer for a mobile application. The objective of this study was to assess the learning impact generated by the creation of digital patient-education materials. Five medical students enrolled in the Pathophysiology of Respiratory System course at Tecnologico de Monterrey were recruited as participants in the educational strategy with weekly sessions for four months. The following pedagogical tools were used during the intervention: project-based learning, challenge-based learning, engagement, service learning, science outreach, design thinking, and mentoring. Ten infographics for the mobile application were created after this experience. Also, a qualitative and transversal analysis of the undergraduates' learning was implemented using a focus group session as an instrument to evaluate the mentioned strategy's impact. As a relevant finding, we observed a high level of engagement, improvement in communication skills, and ethical reflections among the students. After the app is completed, we plan to create a social startup to generate more content about NCDs to promote prevention and early diagnosis. Educational strategies involving medical undergraduates in social projects have two beneficial outcomes: the student internalizes significant knowledge and positively impacts society's health. This project aims to inspire educators to empower students to develop real-life solutions as part of their college activities. Keywords: Educational innovation, medical education, patient-education strategy, digital technology development, pandemic adaptations, cancer education
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Rodrigues, Susana, Jamily Da Silva, Maria De Oliveira, Charleny De Santana, Kaliandra Carvalho, and Breno Barbosa. "PHYSICAL EXERCISE AS STRATEGY FOR REDUCING BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN DEMENTIA (BPSD)." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda041.

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Background: Older people with dementia may experience behavioral and psychological symptoms during the course of the illness. Non-pharmacological therapies are considered strategies to manage these symptoms. Objective: to investigate whether physical exercise reduces BPSD in older people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: A systematic review was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases from 2010 to 2020. Randomized clinical trials involving older people with MCI or dementia that evaluated BPSD as a primary or secondary outcome were included. The studies had an exercise-only group as an intervention compared to the control group. Results: Of the 175 publications identified, only 7 met the eligibility criteria; 4 studies showed positive effects in reducing BPSD, while the others did not differentiate the gains according to the type of protocol. Conclusion: Aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises of moderate to vigorous intensity may have potential benefit in the management of BPSD, but studies vary in their conclusions. This review identified the need for further intervention studies to investigate the absolute effect of physical exercise and its impact on BPSD as a primary outcome, especially in the early stages of the disease.
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Thamilyanan, Thivyashini, Hasmizah Bakar, Irzee Zawawi, and Siti Aishah Mohd Hatta. "Low Well Cost: Effective Cost Optimisation for Marginal Green Field Development Using Fit-for-Purpose Well Design." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200988-ms.

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Abstract During the low oil price era, the ability to deliver a small business investment yet high monetary gains was the epitome of success. A marginal field with its recent success of appraisal drilling which tested 3000bopd will add monetary value if it is commercialized as early as possible. However, given its marginal Stock Tank Oil Initially in Place (STOIIP), the plan to develop this field become a real challenge to the team to find a fit-for-purpose investment to maximize the project value. Luxuries such as sand control, artificial lift and frequent well intervention need to be considered for the most cost-effective measures throughout the life of field ‘Xion’. During field development study, several development strategies were proposed to overcome the given challenges such as uncertainty of reservoir connectivity, no gas lift supply, limited footprint to cater surface equipment and potential sand production. Oriented perforation, Insitu Gas Lift (IGL), Pressure Downhole Gauge (PDG), Critical Drawdown Pressure (CDP) monitoring is among the approaches used to manage the field challenges will be discussed in this paper. Since there are only two wells required to develop this field, a minimum intervention well is the best option to improve the project economics. This paper will discuss the method chosen to optimize the well and completion strategy cost so that it can overcome the challenges mentioned above in the most cost-effective approach. Artificial lift will utilize the shallower gas reservoirs through IGL in comparison to conventional gas lift. Sand Production monitoring will utilize the PDG by monitoring the CDP. The perforation strategy will employ the oriented perforation to reduce the sand free drawdown limit compare to the full perforation strategy. The strategy to monitor production through PDG will also reduce the number of interventions to acquire pressure data in establishing reservoir connectivity for the second phase development through secondary recovery and reservoir pressure maintenance plan. This paper will also explain the innovative approaches adopted for this early monetization and fast track project which is only completed within 4 months. This paper will give merit to petroleum engineers and well completion engineers involved in the development of marginal fields.
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Abdel-Basset, Mohamed, Yousef Al-Otaibi, Abdulla Al-Saeed, Taha Blushi, Erkan Fidan, Majdi Al-Mutawa, Mamoun Abdelbagi, and Ahmed Hadi. "Paradigm Shift from Cemented Completions to Multi-Stage Completion Strategy for Managing Tight Gas Development Challenges." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207705-ms.

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Abstract The development of North Kuwait Jurassic gas assets has strategic importance for Kuwait's production strategy as the only non-associated gas-producing field in Kuwait. This paper demonstrates the benefits, challenges and lessons learned of the recent paradigm shift in Jurassic tight gas wells’ completion strategy from cemented liner to multi-stage completion. Successful expansion of Multi-Stage Completion (MSC) technology is achieved at the field level led by the integrated team efforts in 2020/21, despite challenging constraints of COVID-19. MSC's help to enhance overall well production potential, overcome reservoir and intervention operation challenges, and allow early production delivery, which is a key factor to achieve a strategic asset production target of 70-80% by 2024/25. Many technical and logistic challenges were experienced during first installations of which the relevant learnings will be shared in this paper. The Jurassic gas asset produces mainly from deep high pressure and temperature, conventional and unconventional tight carbonate reservoirs. The recovery from such complex heterogeneous reservoirs is extremely challenging if conventional development strategies are applied. Therefore, a dedicated full development plan applying integrated upstream and downstream technologies is important to achieve the strategic production target. Due to the excessive Jurassic carbonate reservoir tightness, permeability contrast and dual permeability effect (matrix and natural fractures), well productivity potential significantly depends on the effectiveness of subsequent stimulation treatments of such complex heterogeneous reservoirs to improve well productivity and potentially connect with natural fractures. Selecting proper well completion design is critical to overcome such reservoir challenges and ensure effective acid stimulation treatments for the mix of conventional and unconventional formations that need convenient diversion mechanism during stimulation to enhance the productivity of each individual reservoir flow unit and enable selective future flexibility of re-stimulation and reservoir management. The asset team has recently applied a step change in completion strategy to open hole multi-stage ball drop completions using state of the art MSC technologies including closeable frac sleeves, full 3.5-in monobore ID post frac sleeves milling and debris sub enclosure to protect the MSC string during casing tie-back operations. This is to overcome reservoir complexity, eliminate wellbore cleaning and decrease the challenges and risks that accompany multiple perforation intervention operations. As well as, eliminate cement quality risks and uncertainties, improve overall cost, and fast track well delivery to production to meet asset production targets by significantly reducing operation time from approximately one month for plug and perf techniques to less than one week when using continuous and less subsurface intervention operations. Recently, a total of 13 new MSC installations and subsequent multi-stage stimulations were achieved in seven months, fromQ3-2020 to Q1-2021, with positive overall production results, significant improvement of intervention operation efficiency and faster well delivery to production. This paper will describe the details of progress to date, and the plan forward for optimization and new technology trials to further improve well performance.
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Busolo, Gilbert, Lawrence Nderu, and Kennedy Ogada. "A Multilevel Technology Acceptance Management Model." In 6th International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering And Applications (CSEA 2020). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2020.101802.

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Knowledge is a strategic resource for successful data driven decision making in any organization. To harness this knowledge, successful adoption of a technological intervention is key. Institutions leverage on technology to drive knowledge management (KM) initiatives for quality service delivery and prudent data management. These initiatives provide the overall strategy for managing data resources. They make available knowledge organization tools and techniques while enabling regular updates. Derived benefits of positive deployment of a technological intervention are competency enhancement through gained knowledge, raised quality of service and promotion of healthy development of e-commerce. Successful and timely adoption of technological interventions through which knowledge management initiatives are deployed remains a key challenge to many organizations. This paper proposes a wholesome multilevel technology acceptance management model. The proposed model takes into account human, technological and organizational variables, which exist in a deployment environment. This model will be vital in driving early technology acceptance prediction and timely deployment of mitigation measures to deploy technological interventions successfully.
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Mahrouqi, Jawhara, Monalisa Chatterjee, Paul Hewitt, Mahmood Harthi, Abdulhameed Shabibi, Saif Matroushi, Yasser Al Khusaibi, Ali Anbari, Said Rahbi, and Rabha Omairi. "Strategies to Mitigate the Challenges of Short Circuiting in Waterflood Reservoirs with Tracers: A Case Study." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207591-ms.

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Abstract Water short circuiting leading to early, sudden and massive water breakthroughs in producer wells has been a lingering concern to oil operators for many years. Unfavorable mobility ratio leading to viscous fingering, horizontal wells exhibiting ‘the heel-toe effect’ and fields with fracture-fault activities are more prone to these kinds of unwanted water breakthroughs, suffering from oil production losses and higher operational cost for management of the excessive produced water. A brown field in the south of the Sultanate of Oman was experiencing massive water short circuiting within two of its patterns. [MJO1]While conformance was well established and dynamically confirmed through production performance and artificial lift parameters in most patterns within the field, the complicated inverted nine spot injector-producer pattern scenario[MJO2] was making it difficult to ascertain the offending injectors or unexpected flow paths leading to the condition within the study area. The lower API oil and slightly fractured and faulted geology was exhibiting conditions for injection imbalance and the challenge was to bring the high water-cut wells back to full potential and increase oil output whilst reducing water flow. To investigate the breakthrough occurrences and mitigate the challenge, chemical water tracers were introduced in the reservoir as a part of Integrated Reservoir Management framework to identify flow directions and offending injectors. The Phase-1 of the two-phase study, discussed in this paper, was carried out to determine reservoir conformance that was contributing to short circuiting and once the cause was identified and treated, Phase-2 was carried out post well intervention to validate the success of the treatment. Phase-1 of the tracer study was initiated in October 2019 where two injectors and nineteen producers across two adjacent patterns were traced with two unique chemical water tracers. Massive tracer responses were obtained within the first few days in few wells, directly pointing out towards the offending injector(s). Sampling and analysis for Phase-1 was continued for about six months, after which, a zonal isolation was carried out in one the identified injectors in August 2020. Cement was pumped across all the perforation intervals and a new perforation was performed across the top and bottom of the reservoir avoiding the middle intervals that were taking about 70% of injection as per production logging. Phase-2 of the study was initiated in March 2021 and continued sampling and analyses are still being carried out. With about 15% reduction in water cut and a three-fold increase in oil rate at the target producer, the study validated that an integrated knowledge of reservoir geology and production behavior coupled with tracer studies was a very successful strategy for managing short circuiting in waterflood reservoirs. The study showed that this sequence and combination of methods can be useful in effective treatment for wells experiencing high water cut across the world.
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Reports on the topic "Early intervention strategies"

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Forsberg, Jonathan, George Muschler, and Thomas Davis. Early Diagnosis and Intervention Strategies for Post-Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification in Severely Injured Extremities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613058.

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Forsberg, Jonathan. Early Diagnosis and Intervention Strategies for Post-Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification in Severely Injured Extremities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613383.

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Davis, Thomas. Early Diagnosis and Intervention Strategies for Post-Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification in Severely Injured Extremities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613385.

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Muschler, George, Jonathan Forsberg, and Thomas Davis. Early Diagnosis and Intervention Strategies for Post-Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification in Severely Injured Extremities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613386.

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Muschler, George, Jonathan Forsberg, and Thomas Davis. Early Diagnosis and Intervention Strategies for Post-Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification in Severely Injured Extremities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591235.

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Bruce, Judith, and Shelley Clark. The implications of early marriage for HIV/AIDS policy. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1000.

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This brief is based on a background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents, held in Geneva, Switzerland, December 9–12, 2003. The final paper is entitled “Including married adolescents in adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy.” The consultation brought together experts from the United Nations, donors, and nongovernmental agencies to consider the evidence regarding married adolescent girls’ reproductive health, vulnerability to HIV infection, social and economic disadvantage, and rights. The relationships to major policy initiatives—including safe motherhood, HIV, adolescent sexual and reproductive health, and reproductive rights—were explored, and emerging findings from the still relatively rare programs that are directed at this population were discussed. Married adolescent girls are outside the conventionally defined research interests, policy diagnosis, and basic interventions that have underpinned adolescent reproductive health programming and many HIV/AIDS prevention activities. They are an isolated, often numerically large, and extremely vulnerable segment of the population, largely untouched by current intervention strategies. As stated in this brief, promoting later marriage, to at least age 18, and shoring up protection options within marriage may be essential means of stemming the epidemic.
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Álvarez Marinelli, Horacio, Samuel Berlinski, Matías Busso, and Julián Martínez Correa. Improving Early Literacy through Teacher Professional Development: Experimental Evidence from Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004514.

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Teachers are the most fundamental input of students' learning. For this reason, developing teaching skills is a policy priority for most governments around the world. We experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of "Let's All Learn to Read," a one-year professional development program that trained and coached teachers throughout the school year and provided them and their students with structured materials. Following a year of instruction by the trained teachers, students' literacy scores in treated schools grew by 0.386 of a standard deviation compared to students in the control group. These gains persisted through the second and third grades. We also show that an early intervention in rst grade is more cost-effective at improving literacy skills than implementing remediation strategies in third grade.
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Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Jennifer MacLachlan, Benjamin Cowie, and Gregory J. Dore. Population-level interventions to improve the health outcomes of people living with hepatitis B: an Evidence Check brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health, 2022. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/pxwj3682.

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Background An estimated 292 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally, including 223,000 people in Australia. HBV diagnosis and linkage of people living with HBV to clinical care is suboptimal in Australia, with 27% of people living with HBV undiagnosed and 77% not receiving regular HBV clinical care. This systematic review aimed to characterize population-level interventions implemented to enhance all components of HBV care cascade and analyse the effectiveness of interventions. Review questions Question 1: What population-level interventions, programs or policy approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B; and that may not yet be fully rolled out or evaluated in Australia demonstrate early effectiveness, or promise, in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B? Question 2: What population-level interventions and/or programs are effective at reducing disease burden for people in the community with hepatitis B? Methods Four bibliographic databases and 21 grey literature sources were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population included people with or at risk of chronic HBV, and the study conducted a population-level interventions to decrease HBV incidence or disease burden or to enhance any components of HBV care cascade (i.e., diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence to clinical care), or HBV vaccination coverage. Studies published in the past 10 years (since January 2012), with or without comparison groups were eligible for inclusion. Studies conducting an HBV screening intervention were eligible if they reported proportion of people participating in screening, proportion of newly diagnosed HBV (participant was unaware of their HBV status), proportion of people received HBV vaccination following screening, or proportion of participants diagnosed with chronic HBV infection who were linked to HBV clinical care. Studies were excluded if study population was less than 20 participants, intervention included a pharmaceutical intervention or a hospital-based intervention, or study was implemented in limited clinical services. The records were initially screened by title and abstract. The full texts of potentially eligible records were reviewed, and eligible studies were selected for inclusion. For each study included in analysis, the study outcome and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. For studies including a comparison group, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95%CIs were calculated. Random effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the pooled study outcome estimates. Stratified analyses were conducted by study setting, study population, and intervention-specific characteristics. Key findings A total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. A large majority of studies (study n=48, 79%) included single-arm studies with no concurrent control, with seven (12%) randomised controlled trials, and six (10%) non-randomised controlled studies. A total of 109 interventions were evaluated in 61 included studies. On-site or outreach HBV screening and linkage to HBV clinical care coordination were the most frequent interventions, conducted in 27 and 26 studies, respectively. Question 1 We found no studies reporting HBV incidence as the study outcome. One study conducted in remote area demonstrated that an intervention including education of pregnant women and training village health volunteers enhanced coverage of HBV birth dose vaccination (93% post-intervention, vs. 81% pre-intervention), but no data of HBV incidence among infants were reported. Question 2 Study outcomes most relevant to the HBV burden for people in the community with HBV included, HBV diagnosis, linkage to HBV care, and HBV vaccination coverage. Among randomised controlled trials aimed at enhancing HBV screening, a meta-analysis was conducted including three studies which implemented an intervention including community face-to-face education focused on HBV and/or liver cancer among migrants from high HBV prevalence areas. This analysis demonstrated a significantly higher HBV testing uptake in intervention groups with the likelihood of HBV testing 3.6 times higher among those participating in education programs compared to the control groups (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 2.72, 4.88). In another analysis, including 25 studies evaluating an intervention to enhance HBV screening, a pooled estimate of 66% of participants received HBV testing following the study intervention (95%CI: 58-75%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 17-98%; I-square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV screening strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing participants with on-site HBV testing, the proportion receiving HBV testing (80%, 95%CI: 72-87%) was significantly higher compared to the studies referring participants to an external site for HBV testing (54%, 95%CI: 37-71%). In the studies implementing an intervention to enhance linkage of people diagnosed with HBV infection to clinical care, the interventions included different components and varied across studies. The most common component was post-test counselling followed by assistance with scheduling clinical appointments, conducted in 52% and 38% of the studies, respectively. In meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 73% of people with HBV infection were linked to HBV clinical care (95%CI: 64-81%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 28-100%; I-square: 99.2%). A stratified analysis by study population demonstrated that in the studies among general population in high prevalence countries, 94% of people (95%CI: 88-100%) who received the study intervention were linked to care, significantly higher than 72% (95%CI: 61-83%) in studies among migrants from high prevalence area living in a country with low prevalence. In 19 studies, HBV vaccination uptake was assessed after an intervention, among which one study assessed birth dose vaccination among infants, one study assessed vaccination in elementary school children and 17 studies assessed vaccination in adults. Among studies assessing adult vaccination, a pooled estimate of 38% (95%CI: 21-56%) of people initiated vaccination, with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 0.5-93%; I square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV vaccination strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing on-site vaccination, the uptake was 78% (95%CI: 62-94%), significantly higher compared to 27% (95%CI: 13-42%) in studies referring participants to an external site for vaccination. Conclusion This systematic review identified a wide variety of interventions, mostly multi-component interventions, to enhance HBV screening, linkage to HBV clinical care, and HBV vaccination coverage. High heterogeneity was observed in effectiveness of interventions in all three domains of screening, linkage to care, and vaccination. Strategies identified to boost the effectiveness of interventions included providing on-site HBV testing and vaccination (versus referral for testing and vaccination) and including community education focussed on HBV or liver cancer in an HBV screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of more novel interventions (e.g., point of care testing) and interventions specifically including Indigenous populations, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and people incarcerated.
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Sitabkhan, Yasmin, and Linda M. Platas. Early Mathematics Counts: Promising Instructional Strategies from Low- and Middle-Income Countries. RTI Press, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0055.1807.

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This occasional paper examines common instructional strategies in early-grade mathematics interventions through a review of studies in classrooms in low- and middle-income countries. Twenty-four studies met the criteria for inclusion, and analyses reveal four sets of instructional strategies for which there is evidence from multiple contexts. Of the 24 studies, 16 involved the use of multiple representations, 10 involved the use of developmental progressions, 6 included supporting student use of explanation and justification, and 5 included integration of informal mathematics. Based on the review, we provide conclusions and recommendations for future research and policy.
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Holland, Jeremy. Creating Spaces to Take Action on Violence Against Women and Girls in the Philippines: Integrated Impact Evaluation Report. Oxfam GB, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9899.

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The Creating Spaces project was a five-year, multi-country initiative aimed at reducing violence against women and girls and the prevalence of child, early and forced marriage in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan and the Philippines. This evaluation focuses on tackling social norm change in the Muslim Mindanao region of the Philippines, working closely with the organizations AMWA, UnyPhil, PBSP and PLCPD. It found that strategies were effectively combined at community level to begin to shift local behaviours, while local change processes were linked to higher-level advocacy for progressive legislative and policy change at national and regional levels. Creating Spaces has successfully started to move the dial, proving change is possible with concerted, strategic and sustained effort. This evaluation provides key recommendations to guide future interventions to build on these successes, and create the basis for future social transformation around violence against women and girls and child, early and forced marriage. Find out more by reading the evaluation brief or the full report.
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