Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'E-valuta'
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Stark, Frida, and Sandra Medenica. "E-valutor, framtidens nya betalmedel? : En empirisk och komparativ analys av Bitcoins påverkan av intresset för införandet av en nationell e-krona i Sverige samt effekterna på samhället av en sådan valuta." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176818.
Full textAuthors: Sandra Medenica & Frida Stark Supervisor: Joakim Persson Background: Today´s use of cash in Sweden has decreased along with the digital development, which has created space for new payment options, such as cryptocurrencies and e-currencies. Along with this development, the central bank of Sweden is investigating the possibility of an e-krona, which would allow the central bank of Sweden to regulate the monetary policy in a more efficient way and maintain its monopoly position as the sole issuer of money in the payment market. Purpose: The aim of this essay is to investigate what effects an e-krona would have on society and whether there is a correlation between the price of Bitcoin and countries' interest in introducing a CBDC. Completion: The essay is based on literature studies and economic theories to analyze the economic effects of an e-krona in Sweden. In addition, a regression analysis is performed to deduce a possible correlation with the data showing the Bitcoin exchange rate and countries' interest in the introduction of Central Bank Digital Currency, CBDC. Conclusions: An e-krona would mean that the Riksbank could more easily implement monetary policy measures to stimulate the economy and that they would continue to contribute to competition in the payment market. The commercial banks could possibly be affected by a crowding-out effect in the form of reduced bank deposits, which leads to them losing part of their position in the payment market. In addition, the criminal activities could decrease when the cash is phased out as the anonymous payment options become fewer. There is a positive estimated effect of the bitcoin exchange rate on countries interest of a CBDC with a correlation of 0,52. In other words, when the bitcoin exchange rate rises there is an increase in the countries interest of a CBDC. This might be an explanation for the interest, however, more variables should be considered in the analysis.
Blomqvist, Emma, and Cecilia Christensen. "E-kronan, en övergång till ett kontantlöst Sverige : En kvalitativ studie om e-kronans förväntade effekter på penningpolitiken och bankväsendet i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-342740.
Full textGawell, Nathalie, and Hanne Hed. "E-kronan som framtida betalningsmedel? : En studie av yngre användares inställning till en potentiell implementering av E-kronan som komplement till dagens fysiska kontanter." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-151019.
Full textBackground: Sweden could become the first cash-free country in the world. As a result of the digitalization, the Swedish Central Bank has initiated a project called the E-krona to investigate whether a launch of a digital currency should be realized to complement the hard cash. This essay will map the various attitudes that younger users in the age group 20 – 30 may have together with their underlying factors. Therefore, the essay aims to provide an understanding of how the younger generation experiences the E-krona as an alternative to hard cash as well as a basis for decision makers whether the E-krona should be implemented from a users' perspective. Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to map the Swedish 20 – 30-year old’s attitude towards a potential implementation of the E-krona as a complement to today's hard cash, as well as the underlying factors to the identified attitudes. Completion: The essay has been conducted through a qualitative approach in which 58 respondents were interviewed for a period of seven weeks. The authors have used a convenience selection combined with a ratio selection at the empirical gathering. The authors have identified four typologies dependent on the respondents' attitudes as well as created an analysis tool to illustrate which factors have had the most impact on the intention to use the E-krona. Conclusion: The authors have concluded that the readiness for the E-krona is not the same as the need for it. In addition, information about the project is an essential part that currently limits respondents in their decision making. Finally, the paper recommends that the E-krona should be designed with a unique infrastructure and functions to gain a competitive factor.
Blom, Erica. "Säkerhet av e-valutor : Riksbankens e-kronaförslag och näthot." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-368726.
Full textAGLIERI, MICHELE. "Contenuti, problemi e regole del valutare. Percorsi e tracciati di analisi pedagogica." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/137.
Full textThe work settles in the already wide outline of the studies of the evaluation in educational field, with the aim to provoke some important increases of prospective. It brings in fact ideas, reflections and instruments coming from the francophone-area pedagogy, context with which, an increment of the contacts, could bring certain benefits. moreover, in the adopted prospective, the topic of the educational evaluation exits from the applicative field, of formal distances of learning and institutionalized evaluation, in order to extend the pedagogical tractability to the worlds of the spontaneous and the informal, with fall out of also scholastic interest. The point of arrival of the research is given by the recognition of some problematic background and by the formalization of some rules that, if respected, would allow to place the evaluation acts into the action (R. Zúñiga), in the respect and in the interest of the human possibility of formation.
RUDELLI, LUCIA. "Valutare e promuovere la professionalità docente. Esperienze internazionali e opportunità per l'Italia." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1374.
Full textThe assessment of teachers plays a central role in the political agendas of governments; in Italy there is a discussion on this direction but at the moment teachers are not evaluated. The research examines the relationship between the introduction of a teachers’ evaluation system and the promotion of professional communities in schools; teachers’ evaluation is considered useful for the development of a school as a professional community. The study of teachers’ evaluation systems, while not disregarding economic analysis, must be associated by a pedagogical vision on the school and the teaching function, considering their founding elements; the prospect of the work accounts teaching professionalism as a complex prism of personal, organizational and community dimensions. It is investigated an innovative and systematic model used to evaluate teachers in the USA: Denver Professional Compensation System for Teachers, in order to offer food for thought even for Italy. The analysis highlighted the opportunities of the teachers’ evaluation system: the benefits of an evaluation in the service of professional practice, which provides assistance to career and to salary, which integrates different ways to assess the professionalism, and which is connected to decision making.
Verlicchi, Giacomo. "Team Performance – un'analisi sperimentale per valutare l'impatto della comunicazione e della percezione sui risultati." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textSaporiti, Giovanna. "Sopravvivere alla città : valutare il neoecosistema resiliente nella relazione tra l’acqua e la forma urbana." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404385.
Full textLa investigación se propone definir un modelo teórico de neoecosistema resiliente, analizando la relación entre el agua y la forma urbana. La hipótesis es comprender las características de un modelo resiliente en la evaluación de la ciudad respecto a las dos crisis que le han caracterizado, en el pasaje del modelo tradicional al modelo industrial y, finalmente, al modelo actual. Se podrá evaluar entonces la relación entre la insostenibilidad de los contextos urbanos y su dimensión, exponencialmente aumentada después de la revolución industrial. Este planteamiento introduce la idea de límite del sistema, contraponiendo a la eficiencia requerida en el modelo de la ciudad/ máquina la suficiencia típica del organismo viviente. De hecho, el concepto de suficiencia implica la «justa medida» (Sachs&Santarius, 2007), es decir, que cada ecosistema urbano tiene que ser capaz de organizar y gestionar la interacción entre sus elementos para no crear un peso excesivo sobre el ambiente. Se da cuenta, así, del desarrollo histórico del urbanismo y de la importancia del concepto de sustentabilidad al mismo tiempo que se plantea la necesidad de considerar el pasado como fuente para pensar un concepto a futuro: la resiliencia. Por lo tanto, la evaluación y la planeación de un modelo de ciudad resiliente necesita la evaluación de un modelo autosuficiente, que hemos ubicado en la ciudad tradicional. La metodología aplicada consiste en la evaluación del la relación entre la forma urbana y el agua, durante las dos crisis citadas. Eso considerando el agua en sus cuatro relaciones fundamentales con la ciudad: el agua de boca, el agua de escorrentía, agua y energía y agua y agricultura. Esa interpretación tiene la ventaja de resultar en un instrumento de proyecto. Más que un sistema de verificación, una herramienta para proyectar propuestas urbanas. La tesis se desarrolla en tres partes: el contexto de referencia, la definición de la metodología utilizada y las líneas guía para el modelo resiliente. En la parte inicial se propone el estado del arte respecto a las problemáticas relacionadas con la resiliencia y el neo-ecosistema urbano. Se ponen en evidencia las líneas del debate sobre la definición de la ciudad, desde el modelo sistémico al modelo ecológico, y sobre el desarrollo urbano desde los años 90 hasta nuestros días. Paralelamente, se ha profundizado el concepto de resiliencia y aquellos relacionados: la calidad urbana, la forma urbana, la auto-suficiencia y la capacidad dimensional. Un elemento fundamental de esta parte es también la definición de la escala de acción que requiere este cambio de paradigma para pasar de un modelo urbano sostenible a un modelo resiliente: la escala local. A continuación, se pasa a desarrollar la definición de la metodología utilizada para la evolución del modelo resiliente, a través de una comparación entre el enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. También ha sido necesario contextualizar el problema del ciclo del agua en su relación con la evolución de la forma de la ciudad, respecto a sus momentos de crisis que coinciden, el primero, con la revolución industrial y, el segundo, con las problemáticas contemporáneas de insostenibilidad. En la tercera y ultima parte se presentan las líneas guía para el modelo urbano resiliente en la relación entre el agua y la forma urbana. En la comparación entre el caso de Barcelona y el de Milán se muestra cómo se modifica dicha relación en la evolución de la misma ciudad, pasando del modelo tradicional al modelo post-industrial con la crisis industrial y llegando hasta la crisis actual de sostenibilidad, que es el espejo del desarrollo ilimitado, y, por lo tanto, con el carácter insostenible que ha caracterizado a la ciudad moderna y contemporánea. De hecho, la resiliencia de un ecosistema urbano, siendo una capacidad típica del sistema, depende del trauma que ocurre. Por lo tanto, el análisis de las dos crisis es fundamental para la evaluación del modelo resiliente. Definido el modelo teórico de referencia sigue la individuación de las líneas guía de intervención en la ciudad y en el territorito como expresión de la resiliencia urbana, así como su uso para la trasformación del metabolismo urbano
GUIDOTTI, LAURA. "APPLICAZIONE DI INDICATORI FISICI, CHIMICI E BIOLOGICI PER VALUTARE LA QUALITA' E LO STATO DI SALUTE DEI SUOLI. IL CASO DELLA REGIONE LOMBARDIA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6077.
Full textThe aim of the project was to assess health status and quality of agricultural soils of the Lombardia region, and some areas with critical environmental situations, through a multidisciplinary monitoring. The use of biological indicators coupled to classic analytical techniques, has allowed the implementation of the information obtained from the chemical-physical point of view. Contrary to the past, the living component of the soil has become crucial to better understand its condition, as it has been recognized as a system closely related to other environmental media, influenced and characterized by all organisms that compose it. Basing on this it was investigated the structure and characteristics of microbial communities, earthworms and ciliated protozoa, the enzymatic activities of the soil, and the genotoxicity of pollutants using clover plants as indicator. We also had the opportunity to apply some of the techniques that are outside the classic monitoring, but that can provide valuable information about the behavior of a substance or an element. These techniques are: the application of isotope dilution to determine the presence of hexavalent chromium in potentially contaminated soils, and bioassays with bioluminescent bacteria to assess the bioavailability of arsenic and mercury in a Site of National Interest.
Giani, Stefania. "Utilizzo di cellule MCF-7 in coltura per valutare la presenza di xenoestrogeni e composti genotossici in acque ad uso potabile pre- e post- trattamento." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9655/.
Full textPettinari, Irene <1987>. "Storia naturale della trombosi del sistema venoso portale e sua evoluzione valutata con tecniche di imaging nel paziente cirrotico: studio osservazionale retrospettivo." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7351/.
Full textIntroduction: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a frequent event in patients with cirrhosis. It can be treated with anticoagulants, but the optimal management is still unclear. Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the natural history of portal thrombosis in cirrhotic patients and bleeding events in a large cohort of patients with or without anticoagulation therapy. Methods: We analyzed data from 182 patients with cirrhosis and PVT, diagnosed from January 2008 to December 2015. 81 patients were anticoagulated and 101 were untreated. Demographic characteristics, extension of portal vein thrombosis, anticoagulant treatment and hemorrhagic events were evaluated. Results: thrombosis had improved in 46 (56.8%) treated patients and in 26 (25.7%) untreated patients. The anticoagulation group had significantly better recanalization rate than the untreated group (p <0.001). The duration of treatment (p = 0.005) and twice-daily dosing (p = 0.003) were the only predictors of recanalization in treated patients. Of 46 patients who achieved recanalization, 17 (36%) had recurrent thrombosis after stopping anticoagulation therapy. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis revealed a higher survival rate in the treated group than in controls (p=0,010). Anticoagulant treatment was the only independent factor related to survival in multivariate analysis (p=0,014, HR:0,303, CI: 0.101-0.907). Bleeding complications occurred in 22 (21.8%) untreated patients and in 16 (19.7%) treated patients, only in 4 cases related to the anticoagulant treatment. Conclusions: Anticoagulant is a safe and effective treatment that leads to partial or complete recanalization of the portal venous axis in 56% of patients with cirrhosis and PVT. Duration of treatment of at least 12 months and twice-daily dosing seem associated with higher recanalization rates. Discontinuation of therapy is associated with high risk of recurrence of PVT. The anticoagulant treatment seems to improve survival in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Libetta, Andrea. "Valutare il ruolo dell'accessibilità per migliorare la fruizione e la pianificazione degli spazi verdi urbani - Definizione di un modello di valutazione e applicazione al caso di Bologna." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textConsorti, William. "Procedura numerica per valutare l'effetto dell'interferenza sulla resistenza a fatica di piatti forati: applicazione a diversi materiali e a diversi livelli di forzamento." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5569/.
Full textGROSSI, PAOLO. "Il periodo di transizione della bovina da latte e l'infiammazione: un nuovo indice per valutare la risposta individuale, trattamenti pre-parto finalizzati alla sua riduzione e conseguenze sulle prestazioni produttive e riproduttive." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1309.
Full textThe peripartum period is the most critical stage of the dairy cows. The sudden and major changes in metabolism and life conditions may favor the onset of health problems together with an inflammatory status. An excessive response by the organism to inflammation may subtract primary resources, resulting in a worsening of health status and in a lower milk yield. In the first part of the thesis a new index based on some plasma parameters is proposed to better describe the response to inflammation in the post-calving of dairy cows. An early identification of the animals characterized by a severe response to inflammation, especially without any external symptom, allows an effective intervention in order to avoid further negative consequences. The second and the third part of the thesis describe two experiments aiming to reduce the response to inflammation using ω-3 fatty acids and/or acetylsalicylic acid. The administration of ω-3 fatty acids around calving reduced the inflammatory response and improved the energy balance, while their pre-calving only administration highlighted some slight improvements in inflammatory response and energy balance. The pre-calving administration of acetylsalicylic acid caused the onset of some problems and should be used only after calving.
Imamovic, Arnela. "Cash is [no longer] king: is an e-krona the answer? : - a de lege ferenda investigation of the Swedish Riksbank's issuing mandate and other legal callenges in relation to economic effects on the payment market." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-156410.
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