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Greenwell, Kate, Debbie Featherstone, and Derek J. Hoare. "The Application of Intervention Coding Methodology to Describe the Tinnitus E-Programme, an Internet-Delivered Self-Help Intervention for Tinnitus." American Journal of Audiology 24, no. 3 (September 2015): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_aja-14-0089.
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Purpose This article describes the Tinnitus E-Programme, a previously untested Internet-delivered self-help intervention for tinnitus. Method Intervention coding methodology was applied to describe the intervention components, techniques, and mode of delivery. Results The intervention consists of 5 self-management intervention components, 5 behavior change techniques, and 3 modes of Internet delivery, which aim to promote relaxation behavior and reduce tinnitus distress. Conclusions The intervention coding provided a reliable method for reporting Internet-delivered self-help interventions. It will be used to facilitate our understanding of the intervention's potential mechanisms of change and will guide future evaluation work.
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Bashirian, Saeed, Majid Barati, Younes Mohammadi, Leila MoaddabShoar, and Mitra Dogonchi. "Evaluation of an Intervention Program for Promoting Breast Self-Examination Behavior in Employed Women in Iran." Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research 15 (January 2021): 117822342198965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178223421989657.
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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the world. Screening is the basis for early detection. However, the mortality rate is still high in Iranian women related to not screening and timely check-ups. We offered a theory-based intervention program to improve breast cancer screening behavior in women. Methods: This interventional study was conducted in 135 employed women in 2019. Their screening behavior was investigated using a questionnaire based on the Protection Motivation and Social Support Theories. We compared the efficacy of 2 educational interventions (a workshop and an E-learning program) between 2 intervention groups and a control group. The results were collected 3 months after the interventions had taken place. Data were analyzed in SPSS 23 using descriptive statistics, chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the paired sample t-test. Results: We found a significant difference between the mean score of knowledge and the theoretical constructs ( P value < .001) before and after the interventions. Our results also showed that both the intervention methods had a similar effect and that there was a significant difference in the performance of breast self-examinations between the intervention and control groups after the intervention ( P value < .001). Conclusion: Given the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of implementing an E-learning program, we would recommend that health care planners assist in designing and implementing this effective form of intervention to encourage many more women to perform self-examinations to aid breast cancer screening.
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Tran, Dang, Bonnie Westra, and Kevin Smith. "Sinusitis Treatment Guideline Adherence in the e-visit Setting." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 02 (April 2016): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2015-10-cr-0143.
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SummaryStudies demonstrate poor guideline adherence by health care providers for the treatment of upper respiratory infections, particularly acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS), in the appropriate prescribing of antibiotic medications.The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the effect of implementing interventions for improving adherence to a clinical practice guideline for the management of ABRS for patients treated in the e-visit setting. Interventions included: providing a report to providers of their adherence to the ABRS clinical guideline prior to the intervention, providing updated education on the ABRS guideline, and implementing a clinical decision support system reminder.A pre and post intervention evaluation design was used. Data were obtained from a retrospective electronic health record (EHR) data extract of all 316 diagnoses for ABRS in the preintervention 2-month time period and all 368 diagnoses of ABRS in the post-intervention 2-month time period. A review of the structured clinical data elements was performed to determine whether the provider adhered to the clinical guideline, meaning that only patients meeting the criteria for ABRS were to receive an antibiotic prescription.The interventions resulted in a 3.3% improvement in adherence to the ABRS clinical guideline from 95.25% adherence pre-intervention to 98.4% post-intervention. These results demonstrated that the use of an educational intervention and clinical decision support resulted in improved adherence to the ABRS clinical guideline in the e-visit setting. The implications for practice could be significant in that these quality improvement interventions improve guideline adherence and reduce unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics.
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Tsolaki, Anthoula C., Magda Tsolaki, Niki Pandria, Eftychia Lazarou, Olymbia Gkatzima, Vasiliki Zilidou, Maria Karagianni, Zafiroula Iakovidou-Kritsi, Vasilios K. Kimiskidis, and Panagiotis D. Bamidis. "Web-Based Intervention Effects on Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Apolipoprotein E Genotype: Quasi-Experimental Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): e14617. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14617.
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Background Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Computer-based training programs can improve cognitive performance in elderly populations. However, the effects of computer-based interventions on MCI APOE ε4 carriers have never been studied before. Objective The effects of different web-based interventions and the APOE isoform-specific differences in training outcomes are investigated. Methods Using a quasi-experimental study design, 202 participants with MCI aged 60 years and older took part in three different intervention programs (physical and cognitive [Long-Lasting Memories, or LLM], cognitive [Active Control, or AC], or physical intervention [Physical Training Control, or PTC]) via an innovative information and communication technologies exergaming platform. Participants in each interventional group were subdivided into APOE ε4 carriers and non–APOE ε4 carriers. All participants underwent an extensive neuropsychological evaluation before and after the training, blood tests, and brain imaging. Results All interventions resulted in multiple statistically significant cognitive benefits after the intervention. Verbal learning (California Verbal Learning Test: immediate recall test score—LLM: P=.04; AC: P<.001), working memory (digit span forward and backward test scores—AC: P=.03; PTC: P=.02 and P=.006, respectively), and long-term memory (California Verbal Learning Test: delayed recall test score—LLM: P=.02; AC: P=.002; and PTC: P=.02) were improved. There was no statistically significant difference among the intervention effects. APOE ε4 presence moderates intervention effects as the LLM intervention improved only their task-switching processing speed (Trail Making Test, Part B: P=.03) and the PTC intervention improved only the working memory (digit span backward: P=.03). No significant performance alteration was noted for the APOE ε4+ cognitive AC training group. Conclusions None of the applied interventions could be identified as the optimal one; it is suggested, however, that combined cognitive and physical training and physical training via exergaming may be more effective for the high-risk MCI ΑPOE ε4+ subgroup.
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Nicklich, Manuel, and Stefan Sauer. "„E-Public Sociology“ als kritische soziologische Intervention?" Momentum Quarterly - Zeitschrift für sozialen Fortschritt 10, no. 2 (July 5, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/momentumquarterly.vol10.no2.p85-98.
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Die Soziologie spielt im Vergleich zur Betriebswirtschaft, Volkswirtschaft und neuerdings auch Virologie im öffentlichen Diskurs eine vergleichsweise untergeordnete Rolle. Letztlich lassen sich dabei zwei Paradoxien entfalten: Die Soziologie (a) spielt in gesellschaftlichen Diskursen häufig keine Rolle, obwohl sie hierzu prädestiniert sein müsste, und (b) wenn doch, wird ihr Blick besondert. Im Zusammenhang mit der Debatte zur öffentlichen Soziologie bildet sich mittels digitaler Möglichkeiten die „E-Public Sociology“ heraus, die eine beinahe voraussetzungslose Kommunikation mit der interessierten Öffentlichkeit annimmt. Im vorliegenden Text entwickeln wir ein Vier-Felder-Schema zur Analyse soziologischen Wirkens in der Öffentlichkeit und ein darauf fußendes Kommunikationskonzept als Teil der „E-Public Sociology“. Exemplarisch für die sich durch Digitalisierung neu ergebenden Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten fokussieren wir Podcasts als spezifische Form soziologischer Tätigkeit zwischen ‚öffentlicher Soziologie‘ und ‚Soziologie in der Öffentlichkeit‘. Dabei zeigt sich, dass zur Intervention Systematischeres als die bloße Steigerung der Präsenz der Soziologie gefordert ist.
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Yoon, W. "E-076 Intravascular Ultrasonography for Cerebrovascular Intervention." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 8, Suppl 1 (July 2016): A82.1—A82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012589.148.
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Ooi, Poh Ling, Hadzliana Zainal, Qi Ying Lean, Long Chiau Ming, and Baharudin Ibrahim. "Pharmacists’ Interventions on Electronic Prescriptions from Various Specialty Wards in a Malaysian Public Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study." Pharmacy 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040161.
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Background: The emergence of new technologies in the area of health information and communication helps pharmacists to check the safety of medications used via electronic prescribing. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the rate and types of problems with electronic prescriptions (e-prescriptions) that required pharmacist intervention at an inpatient pharmacy, and to evaluate prescribers’ acceptance of these interventions. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study on the interventions of e-prescriptions documented by pharmacists was conducted in a public hospital inpatient pharmacy. Data were collected for descriptive analysis using a collection form, including the e-prescription interventions, types of wards, drugs involved, and acceptance of intervention by prescribers. A chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between ward pharmacist availability and the rate of interventions. Results: A total number of 11,922 (3.3%) pharmacist interventions were proposed for 357,760 e-prescriptions ordered in the 12 month study period. Of the total number of proposed interventions, 11,381 (95.5%) were accepted by prescribers. The interventions on e-prescriptions were from surgical wards (11.7%) followed by intensive care (5.6%), paediatric (3.5%) and medical specialty wards (2.9%). Anti-infective agents (33.8%) and cardiovascular medicines (27.0%) were among the drugs with the highest rate of interventions. The most common type of intervention was revising the drug regimen (58.4%), especially with anti-infective agents (33.8%). Prescribers in surgical wards showed the highest level of acceptance of pharmacist interventions, which was 97.37%. The presence of ward pharmacists showed a higher number of interventions (6.2 vs. 1.0%, p < 0.001) than wards without pharmacists, as well as a higher percentage of acceptance (96.4 vs. 91.1%, p < 0.001) towards e-prescription intervention. Conclusion: In e-prescribing, errors can be prevented by pharmacists’ interventions on e-prescriptions. This helps to prevent medication errors and thus optimise rational pharmacotherapy in patients. The role of ward pharmacists in pharmaceutical care is highly accepted by prescribers.
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Lekura, Jona, Cristina Tita, David E. Lanfear, Celeste T. Williams, and Douglas L. Jennings. "Assessing the Potential of E-mail for Communicating Drug Therapy Recommendations to Physicians in Patients With Heart Failure and Ventricular-Assist Devices." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 27, no. 5 (December 6, 2013): 478–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013513618.
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Purpose: This project explores electronic mail (e-mail) as a potential medium for pharmacists to communicate pharmacotherapy interventions to prescribers. Methods: This retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted at an urban, academic teaching hospital. The pharmacist attempted a drug therapy intervention via e-mail when unable to make face-to-face contact with the attending physician. Eligible patients for this project were admitted to the advanced heart failure (HF) team between December 1, 2010, and July 31, 2011, and had at least 1 attempted e-mail intervention. The primary outcome was the number of accepted interventions, while the secondary end point was the time until a physician e-mail response. Results: A total of 51 e-mail interventions were attempted on 29 patients (mean age = 53, 24% caucasian, 59% male, 69% left ventricular-assist device [VAD]). Overall, of the total 51 interventions,44 (86.3%) were accepted. The average time to a physician e-mail response was 41 minutes. Initiation of drug therapy and changing dose and route or frequency accounted for the most frequent intervention (33%). The most common drug classes involved in the e-mail interventions were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (15.7%), loop diuretics (9.8%), and antiplatelet agents (7.8%). Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists with well-established physician relationships can effectively implement timely drug therapy recommendations using e-mail communications in patients with advanced HF or VADs.
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DODD, CHARLES C., MICHAEL W. SANDERSON, MEGAN E. JACOB, and DAVID G. RENTER. "Modeling Preharvest and Harvest Interventions for Escherichia coli O157 Contamination of Beef Cattle Carcasses." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 1422–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-516.
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Field studies evaluating the effects of multiple concurrent preharvest interventions for Escherichia coli O157 are logistically and economically challenging; however, modeling techniques may provide useful information on these effects while also identifying crucial information gaps that can guide future research. We constructed a risk assessment model with data obtained from a systematic search of scientific literature. Parameter distributions were incorporated into a stochastic Monte Carlo modeling framework to examine the impacts of different combinations of preharvest and harvest interventions for E. coli O157 on the risk of beef carcass contamination. We estimated the risk of E. coli O157 carcass contamination conditional on preharvest fecal prevalence estimates, inclusion of feed additive(s) in the diet, vaccination for E. coli O157, transport and lairage effects, hide intervention(s), and carcass intervention(s). Prevalence parameters for E. coli O157 were assumed to encompass potential effects of concentration; therefore, concentration effects were not specifically evaluated in this study. Sensitivity analyses revealed that fecal prevalence, fecal-to-hide transfer, hide-to-carcass transfer, and carcass intervention efficacy significantly affected the risk of carcass contamination (correlation coefficients of 0.37, 0.56, 0.58, and −0.29, respectively). The results indicated that combinations of preharvest interventions may be particularly important for supplementing harvest interventions during periods of higher variability in fecal shedding prevalence (i.e., summer). Further assessments of the relationships among fecal prevalence and concentration, hide contamination, and subsequent carcass contamination are needed to further define risks and intervention impacts for E. coli O157 contamination of beef.
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Greenwell, Kate, and Derek J. Hoare. "Use and Mediating Effect of Interactive Design Features in Audiology Rehabilitation and Self-Management Internet-Based Interventions." American Journal of Audiology 25, no. 3S (October 2016): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_aja-16-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the presence of key interactive design features across Internet-based audiology rehabilitation and self-management interventions, and whether there is evidence of them mediating effects of the intervention. Method Adult audiology interventions relevant to this review were identified through a literature search in Google Scholar and a hand search of key journals. Four key interactive design features that have been proposed to mediate the effects of Internet-based health interventions were reported for each intervention: social context and support, contacts with the intervention, tailoring, and self-management. Results Five interventions were identified as representative examples of work in the field. Social context and support and contacts with the intervention were provided in most interventions, mainly through clinician guidance. Only 1 intervention utilized tailoring to personalize intervention content to individual users, but use was minimal. Self-management features were also used in all interventions but the precise nature of these features was poorly reported. Conclusion Future studies should assess the optimal dose and combinations of intervention features for maximizing efficacy in audiology intervention. To be specific, the role of tailoring should be explored, which has been identified as a potential mediator of intervention outcome in the wider e-health literature.
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Kamin, Tanja, Barbara Koroušić Seljak, and Nataša Fidler Mis. "Water Wins, Communication Matters: School-Based Intervention to Reduce Intake of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Increase Intake of Water." Nutrients 14, no. 7 (March 23, 2022): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071346.
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We compared three interventions designed for reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) aimed at decreasing the risk of overweight and obesity among children. We included three experimental (n = 508) and one control school (n = 164) in Slovenia (672 children; 10–16 years) to evaluate interventions that influence behaviour change via environmental (E), communication (C), or combined (i.e., double) environmental and communication approaches (EC) compared to no intervention (NOI). Data of children from the ‘intervention’ and ‘non-intervention’ schools were compared before and after the interventions. The quantity of water consumed (average, mL/day) by children increased in the C and EC schools, while it decreased in the E and NOI schools. Children in the C and EC schools consumed less beverages with sugar (SSBs + fruit juices), and sweet beverages (beverages with: sugar, low-calorie and/or noncaloric sweeteners) but consumed more juices. The awareness about the health risks of SSB consumption improved among children of the ‘combined intervention’ EC school and was significantly different from the awareness among children of other schools (p = 0.03). A communication intervention in the school environment has more potential to reduce the intake of SSBs than a sole environmental intervention, but optimum results can be obtained when combined with environmental changes.
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Bateman, Chris. "Pretoria intervention saves E Cape health corruption-buster." South African Medical Journal 102, no. 7 (July 2, 2012): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.6051.
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Simsek, Bahadir, Spyridon Kostantinis, Judit Karacsonyi, Lorenzo Azzalini, Yader B. Sandoval, Allison Barbara Hall, Margaret McEntegart, et al. "E-28 | International Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Complication Survey." Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions 1, no. 3 (May 2022): 100288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2022.100288.
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Hayes, Josh. "Overcoming the Anthropocene: An E-Co-Affective Intervention." Comparative and Continental Philosophy 13, no. 3 (September 2, 2021): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17570638.2021.2014295.
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Hall, Sharon M., Gary L. Humfleet, James J. Gasper, Kevin L. Delucchi, David F. Hersh, and Joseph R. Guydish. "Cigarette Smoking Cessation Intervention for Buprenorphine Treatment Patients." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 20, no. 5 (May 26, 2017): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntx113.
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Abstract Introduction Patients receiving medication assisted therapy (MAT) for opioid use disorder have high cigarette smoking rates. Cigarette smoking interventions have had limited success. We evaluated an intervention to increase cigarette abstinence rates in patients receiving buprenorphine-assisted therapy. Methods Cigarette smokers (N = 175; 78% male; 69% Caucasian; 20% Hispanic), recruited from a buprenorphine clinic were randomly assigned to either an extended innovative system intervention (E-ISI) or to Standard Treatment Control (STC). The E-ISI combined motivational intervention with extended treatment (long-term nicotine replacement therapy , varenicline, and extended cognitive behavioral therapy). STC received written information about quit-lines, medication, and resources. Assessments were held at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. Seven-day biochemically verified point-prevalence cigarette abstinence was the primary outcome measure. Results Fifty-four percent of E-ISI participants entered the extended treatment intervention; E-ISI and STC differed at 3 months on abstinence status but not at months 6, 12, and 18. E-ISI participants were more likely to attempt to quit, to have a goal of complete abstinence, and to be in a more advanced stage of change than STC participants. A higher number of cigarettes smoked and the use of cannabis in the previous 30 days predicted continued smoking Conclusions The E-ISI was successful in increasing motivation to quit smoking but did not result in long-term abstinence. The failure of treatments that have been efficacious in the general population to produce abstinence in patients receiving MAT of opioid use disorder suggests that harm reduction and other innovative interventions should be explored. Implications This study demonstrates that an intervention combining motivational interviewing with an extended treatment protocol can increase cigarette quit attempts, enhance cigarette abstinence goals, and further movement through stages of change about quitting smoking in patients receiving MAT for opioid use disorder who smoke cigarettes. The intervention did not increase abstinence rates over those observed in a standard treatment control, however. The latter finding supports those of earlier investigators who also failed to find efficacy for smoking cessation in this population and who also used interventions effective in the general population. This pattern of findings suggests that patients with opioid use disorder can be motivated to change smoking behavior, but alternative and innovative approaches to cigarette smoking treatment should be studied.
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Huis in het Veld, Judith G., Bernadette M. Willemse, Iris FM van Asch, Rob BM Groot Zwaaftink, Paul-Jeroen Verkade, Jos WR Twisk, Renate Verkaik, Marco M. Blom, Berno van Meijel, and Anneke L. Francke. "Online Self-Management Support for Family Caregivers Dealing With Behavior Changes in Relatives With Dementia (Part 2): Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): e13001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13001.
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Background Online contacts with a health professional have the potential to support family caregivers of people with dementia. Objective The goal of the research was to study the effects of an online self-management support intervention in helping family caregivers deal with behavior changes of a relative with dementia. The intervention—involving among others personal email contacts with a dementia nurse—was compared with online interventions without these email contacts. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 81 family caregivers of people with dementia who live at home. Participants were randomly assigned to a (1) major self-management support intervention consisting of personal email contacts with a specialist dementia nurse, online videos, and e-bulletins; (2) medium intervention consisting only of online videos and e-bulletins; or (3) minor intervention consisting of only the e-bulletins. The primary outcome was family caregivers’ self-efficacy in dealing with behavior changes of the relative with dementia. Secondary outcomes were family caregivers’ reports of behavior problems in the people with dementia and the quality of the relationship between the family caregiver and the person with dementia. Measurements were performed at the baseline and at 6 (T1) and 12 weeks (T2) after the baseline. A mixed-model analysis was conducted to compare the outcomes of the 3 intervention arms. Results Family caregivers participating in the major intervention involving email contacts showed no statistically significant differences in self-efficacy after the intervention compared with the minor intervention involving only e-bulletins (difference –0.02, P=.99). In the adjusted analysis, the medium intervention (involving videos and e-bulletins) showed a negative trend over time (difference –4.21, P=.09) and at T1 (difference –4.71, P=.07) compared with the minor intervention involving only e-bulletins. No statistical differences were found between the intervention arms in terms of the reported behavior problems and the quality of the relationship between the family caregiver and the person with dementia. Conclusions The expectation that an online self-management support intervention involving email contacts would lead to positive effects and be more effective than online interventions without personal email contacts was not borne out. One explanation might be related to the fact that not all family caregivers who were assigned to that intervention actually made use of the opportunity for personal email contact. The online videos were also not always viewed. To obtain more definite conclusions, future research involving extra efforts to reach higher use rates is required. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Registry NTR6237; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=6237 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6v0S4fxTC) International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/resprot.8365
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Vanden Auweele, Yves, Filip Boen, Wanda Schapendonk, and Karen Dornez. "Promoting Stair Use among Female Employees: The Effects of a Health Sign Followed by an E-mail." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 27, no. 2 (June 2005): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.27.2.188.
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This study evaluated the impact of two simple interventions aimed at promoting stair use among female employees at a five-floor worksite. The first intervention involved a “health” sign that linked stair use to health and fitness; it was placed at the junction between the staircase and the elevator. The second intervention involved an additional e-mail sent a week later by the worksite’s doctor, pointing out the health benefits of regular stair use. Stair use increased significantly from 69% at baseline to 77% in the week after the first intervention, 2 (1) = 12.97, p < .001. Moreover, compared with the first intervention, stair use increased significantly to 85% in the week after the second intervention, 2 (1) = 15.58, p < .001. However, stair use decreased to 67% in a follow-up one month after the sign was removed, and was not significantly different from baseline, 2 (1) = 0.41, p = .52. These results suggest that simple and inexpensive interventions such as a health sign in combination with an e-mail sent by the worksite’s doctor can encourage female employees to use the stairs. However, it appears that sustained effort is needed to consolidate these effects.
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Graf, Johanna, Alexander Bäuerle, Yesim Erim, and Martin Teufel. "E-Mental-Health in der Psychoonkologie: ein multizentrisches Projekt." PiD - Psychotherapie im Dialog 24, no. 01 (February 20, 2023): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1838-8586.
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Bisher wird eine adäquate psychoonkologische Behandlung noch nicht flächendeckend angeboten. Um die Versorgungslücke zu schließen, können E-Mental-Health-Interventionen eingesetzt werden In diesem Beitrag wird eine aktuelle E-Mental-Health-Intervention in der Psychoonkologie vorgestellt.
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Borrayo, Evelinn A., Monica Rosales, and Patricia Gonzalez. "Entertainment-Education Narrative Versus Nonnarrative Interventions to Educate and Motivate Latinas to Engage in Mammography Screening." Health Education & Behavior 44, no. 3 (August 23, 2016): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198116665624.
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Background. The evidence is limited comparing the effects of entertainment-education (E-E) narrative versus nonnarrative interventions to educate and motivate Latinas to engage in mammography screening. Aims. This study compared an E-E narrative intervention to two nonnarrative interventions’ effects among Latinas on breast cancer knowledge and motivation, as measured by changes in self-efficacy, behavioral norms, and behavioral intentions to engage in mammography screening. Method. A sample of 141 Spanish-speaking Latinas was randomly assigned to one of three arms: an E-E narrative video, a nonnarrative educational video, and printed educational materials. Using a repeated measures design, the influence of the E-E narrative on pretest to posttest measures was assessed and compared to the influence of the other two interventions. Results. The E-E narrative and nonnarrative interventions significantly increased Latinas’ breast cancer knowledge, mammography self-efficacy, and behavioral norms from pretest to posttest. However, the E-E narrative participants’ pretest to posttest difference in mammography self-efficacy was significantly higher when compared to the difference of the other two interventions. The effect of the E-E narrative intervention on self-efficacy and behavioral norms was moderated by the participants’ absorption in the story and identification with the story characters. Conclusion. E-E narrative and nonnarrative interventions significantly educated and motivated Latinas to engage in mammography screening. The effects on mammography self-efficacy, an important precursor to behavior change, can be more strongly influenced by E-E narratives. Discussion. Although E-E narrative and nonnarrative interventions were effective, the need still exists to assess if they can ultimately influence lifesaving breast cancer screening behaviors.
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Blue, Carolyn L., and David R. Black. "Synthesis of Intervention Research to Modify Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 19, no. 1 (March 2005): 25–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/rtnp.19.1.25.66333.
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A descriptive literature review was conducted to examine conceptual and methodological issues of interventions aimed at improving both physical activity and diet behaviors according to critical elements established by Sidani and Braden (1998). The method of the review of 30 articles describing 17 intervention studies focused on the following nine elements: (a) relevance of the intervention to the targeted outcome; (b) theoretical components of the intervention; (c) intervention components; (d) complexity, strength, and integrity of the intervention; (e) extraneous factors; (f) adherence to the intervention and retention; (g) reliability and validity of the outcome measures; (h) expected outcomes; and (i) effectiveness of the intervention. The results were that the interventions were relevant and included multiple components, but most interventions lacked an explicit theoretical framework. Adherence to the intervention and retention were problems. Overall, to varying degrees and for those completing the programs, the interventions were effective for increasing physical activity, lowering dietary fat, weight loss, and reducing risk for illness. Twelve “lessons learned” evolved that have practical and research implications. One salient lesson and future priority is to incorporate theory to reveal the intervention content and mechanisms to modify physical activity and dietary behaviors concurrently so that future interventions are more efficacious and efficient. Another lesson revealed the need for more sensitive measures, and examination of ways to improve intervention adherence and retention and prevent relapse.
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Zapata-Calvente, Antonella Ludmila, Stella Martín-de-las-Heras, Aurora Bueno Cavanillas, Karen Andreasen, Vibeke Rasch, and Khalid S. Khan. "E-health psychological intervention in pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence (eIPV): A protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): e0282997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282997.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy, a condition as common as obstetrics conditions like gestational diabetes, is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. Systematic detection of IPV is not well established in antenatal screening probably because the effectiveness of protective interventions has not been evaluated. E-health interventions may be beneficial among mothers exposed to IPV. Prior to performing a full-scale effectiveness trial for such an intervention, a pilot study is required to assess the feasibility of randomising a sufficiently large number of women exposed to IPV during pregnancy. The eIPV trial is a randomised pilot study nested within a cohort of consenting mothers who screen positive for IPV in the first antenatal visit at <12 weeks’ gestation and accept an e-health package (psychological counselling by videoconference) in Spain and Denmark. Twenty eligible mothers from the above cohort will be randomised to either intervention or control. The intervention group will receive the e-health package as part of the cohort. The control group will be invited to accept a delay in the intervention (e-health package eight weeks later). After consenting to delay, the control group will provide comparative data without losing the opportunity of obtaining the intervention. We will determine estimates of rates of informed consent to randomization, and the rates of adherence and dropout following randomization. Qualitative interviews will be conducted to examine the women’s perception about the benefit of the intervention, reasons for acceptability and non-adherence, and obstacles to recruitment, randomisation and consent. The results will inform the trial feasibility and variance of key clinical outcome measures for estimation of sample size of the full-scale effectiveness trial.
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Sørensen, L., H. Kennedy, B. Jensen, M. Terkildsen, R. Poulsen, M. Josefsen, and A. Di Lieto. "Tidier. e-sport; a recovery oriented intervention in forensic psychiatry." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1016.
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IntroductionRecently video gaming, have attracted considerable attention for its possible beneficial therapeutic effects, the possibility for testing behavior in safe artificial environments and as a tool for professionals and patients to build specific competencies for the everyday life. Also, a substantial amount of research suggests that videogaming might improve the participants social and cognitive skills and emotional regulation. There is little or no evidence that videogaming increases long term aggression or leads to physical aggression. At a medium secure forensic psychiatric in-patient ward, the patients and staff engage in weekly E – Sport sessions (primarily counterstrike) to further the recovery process.ObjectivesTo provide a standardized description of how E-sport is organized and used in the recovery process among forensic psychiatric patients.MethodsThe Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide is widely used to in health research to describe interventions in clinical trials and other health research contexts. By use of TIDieR we describe a newly developed E-sport intervention, in which staff members and patients in a medium secure forensic psychiatric ward engage in weekly E-Sport sessions (primarily counterstrike) to improve patient–staff relationship.ResultsThe E-sport intervention is detailed by use of the 12 TIDieR items and practical experiences and insights will be described.ConclusionsThis standardized and detailed description of how is used in a recovery-oriented process in forensic psychiatry can be used for future studies that wishes to implement the intervention or for research studies replicating the treatment.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
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Cole-Lewis, Heather, Nnamdi Ezeanochie, and Jennifer Turgiss. "Understanding Health Behavior Technology Engagement: Pathway to Measuring Digital Behavior Change Interventions." JMIR Formative Research 3, no. 4 (October 10, 2019): e14052. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14052.
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Researchers and practitioners of digital behavior change interventions (DBCI) use varying and, often, incongruent definitions of the term “engagement,” thus leading to a lack of precision in DBCI measurement and evaluation. The objective of this paper is to propose discrete definitions for various types of user engagement and to explain why precision in the measurement of these engagement types is integral to ensuring the intervention is effective for health behavior modulation. Additionally, this paper presents a framework and practical steps for how engagement can be measured in practice and used to inform DBCI design and evaluation. The key purpose of a DBCI is to influence change in a target health behavior of a user, which may ultimately improve a health outcome. Using available literature and practice-based knowledge of DBCI, the framework conceptualizes two primary categories of engagement that must be measured in DBCI. The categories are health behavior engagement, referred to as “Big E,” and DBCI engagement, referred to as “Little e.” DBCI engagement is further bifurcated into two subclasses: (1) user interactions with features of the intervention designed to encourage frequency of use (ie, simple login, games, and social interactions) and make the user experience appealing, and (2) user interactions with behavior change intervention components (ie, behavior change techniques), which influence determinants of health behavior and subsequently influence health behavior. Achievement of Big E in an intervention delivered via digital means is contingent upon Little e. If users do not interact with DBCI features and enjoy the user experience, exposure to behavior change intervention components will be limited and less likely to influence the behavioral determinants that lead to health behavior engagement (Big E). Big E is also dependent upon the quality and relevance of the behavior change intervention components within the solution. Therefore, the combination of user interactions and behavior change intervention components creates Little e, which is, in turn, designed to improve Big E. The proposed framework includes a model to support measurement of DBCI that describes categories of engagement and details how features of Little e produce Big E. This framework can be applied to DBCI to support various health behaviors and outcomes and can be utilized to identify gaps in intervention efficacy and effectiveness.
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HELLER, C. E., J. A. SCANGA, J. N. SOFOS, K. E. BELK, W. WARREN-SERNA, G. R. BELLINGER, R. T. BACON, M. L. ROSSMAN, and G. C. SMITH. "Decontamination of Beef Subprimal Cuts Intended for Blade Tenderization or Moisture Enhancement." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 1174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.5.1174.
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The prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on beef subprimal cuts intended for mechanical tenderization was evaluated. This evaluation was followed by the assessment of five antimicrobial interventions at minimizing the risk of transferring E. coli O157:H7 to the interior of inoculated subprimal cuts during blade tenderization (BT) or moisture enhancement (ME). Prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 on 1,014 uninoculated beef subprimals collected from six packing facilities was 0.2%. Outside round pieces inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 104 CFU/100 cm2 were treated with (i) no intervention, (ii) surface trimming, (iii) hot water (82°C), (iv) warm 2.5% lactic acid (55°C), (v) warm 5.0% lactic acid (55°C), or (vi) 2% activated lactoferrin followed by warm 5.0% lactic acid (55°C) and then submitted to BT or ME. Prevalence (n = 196) of internalized (BT and ME) E. coli O157:H7 was 99%. Enumeration of E. coli O157:H7 (n = 192) revealed mean surface reductions of 0.93 to 1.10 log CFU/100 cm2 for all antimicrobial interventions. E. coli O157:H7 was detected on 3 of the 76 internal BT samples and 73 of the 76 internal ME samples. Internal ME samples with no intervention had significantly higher mean E. coli O157:H7 populations than did those internal samples treated with an intervention, but there were no significant differences in E. coli O157:H7 populations among internal BT samples. Results of this study demonstrate that the incidence of E. coli O157:H7 on the surface of beef subprimal cuts is low and that interventions applied before mechanical tenderization can effectively reduce the transfer of low concentrations of E. coli O157:H7 to the interior of beef subprimal cuts.
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Richards, Elizabeth A., Niwako Ogata, and Ching-Wei Cheng. "Randomized Controlled Theory-Based, E-Mail-Mediated Walking Intervention." Clinical Nursing Research 26, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773816657799.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of two concurrent randomized controlled interventions based on social cognitive theory to increase walking. A second purpose was to compare the efficacy of the intervention between two distinct groups: dog owners and non-dog owners. Adult dog owners ( n = 40) and non-dog owners ( n = 65) were randomized into control or intervention groups. Intervention groups received bi-weekly emails for first 4 weeks and then weekly email for the next 8 weeks targeting self-efficacy, social support, goal setting, and benefits/barriers to walking. Dog owner messages focused on dog walking while non-dog owners received general walking messages. Control groups received a 1-time email reviewing current physical activity guidelines. At 6 months, both intervention groups reported greater increases in walking and maintained these increases at 12 months. The greatest increases were seen in the dog owner intervention group. In conclusion, dog owners accumulated more walking, which may be attributed to the dog–owner relationship.
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Jaiswal, Shweta, Manushi Srivastava, Sandeep Shrivastava, Pradyumn Srivastava, and RatanK Srivastava. "Teaching ethics to medical faculties: An E-learning intervention." Journal of Marine Medical Society 24, no. 1 (2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmms.jmms_134_20.
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Heacock, Michelle, Brittany Trottier, Sharad Adhikary, Kwadwo Ansong Asante, Nil Basu, Marie-Noel Brune, Jack Caravanos, et al. "Prevention-intervention strategies to reduce exposure to e-waste." Reviews on Environmental Health 33, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2018-0014.
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Abstract As one of the largest waste streams, electronic waste (e-waste) production continues to grow in response to global demand for consumer electronics. This waste is often shipped to developing countries where it is disassembled and recycled. In many cases, e-waste recycling activities are conducted in informal settings with very few controls or protections in place for workers. These activities involve exposure to hazardous substances such as cadmium, lead, and brominated flame retardants and are frequently performed by women and children. Although recycling practices and exposures vary by scale and geographic region, we present case studies of e-waste recycling scenarios and intervention approaches to reduce or prevent exposures to the hazardous substances in e-waste that may be broadly applicable to diverse situations. Drawing on parallels identified in these cases, we discuss the future prevention and intervention strategies that recognize the difficult economic realities of informal e-waste recycling.
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Brown, Adrian. "Alcohol health work an opportunistic A&E intervention." Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing 9 (January 2006): e253-e259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cein.2006.11.004.
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Alibrahim, Amal, and Elham Alsadoon. "Exploring intervention of e-textbook in schools: Teachers’ perceptives." South African Journal of Education 42, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v42n4a2167.
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As an innovative educational tool, e-textbooks has gained wide interest – especially with the growth of e-learning. As with any new technology, understanding how users adopt these technologies is still unclear. In the study reported on here we proposed a theoretical model shaping the determinants of teachers’ attitude toward e-textbooks. Specifically, we identified three contextualised factors (ease of use, usefulness, and concerns) as the factors of adopting e-textbooks. In addition, we examined teachers’ use of e-textbooks. A mixed-methods research design was used in which quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analysed. The results show that teachers held positive attitudes toward using e-textbooks in their teaching and used them as instructional aids. The results might inform education decision-makers who are planning to integrate e textbooks into their schools in line with digital transformation and the knowledge society.
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Howarth, Ana, Jose Quesada, Todd Donnelly, and Peter R. Mills. "The development of ‘Make One Small Change’: an e-health intervention for the workplace developed using the Person-Based Approach." DIGITAL HEALTH 5 (January 2019): 205520761985285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055207619852856.
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Background The application of digital health interventions is widespread and many employers are implementing employee e-health programs. Intended to enhance productivity by increasing wellbeing, workplace interventions often lack evidence of effectiveness and have low rates of retention. Use of the person-based approach (PBA) is one solution, which offers a systematic framework for developing effective digital health interventions. This paper describes the application of the PBA to the development of ‘Make one small change’ (Cigna MSC™), an online behaviour change system for lifestyle habits focused on resilience, movement, eating and sleep. Method and results The development of Cigna MSC™ took place over four stages with colleagues ( n = 79) across Cigna globally. Application of the PBA entailed using high amounts of qualitative data to inform development and a cyclical process of ‘listening, applying and delivering’ was adhered to throughout. Early stages involved review of current literature and the collection of feedback in relation to existing interventions. Combined, results revealed key intervention development issues that were then used to form guiding principles. Guiding principles ensured intervention objectives translated into relevant design features. The final stages of evaluation included testing images, text and content approaches. Feedback dictated that the intervention should be fun, easy to use and include milestones for self-monitoring. The resulting version was finalised and made ready to pilot so future analysis can be made in relation to real-world engagement and the embedded evaluative content can be used to provide evidence of intervention effectiveness. Conclusions Using the PBA, which was evolved specifically to improve development of digital interventions, resulted in a workplace intervention embedded with in-depth user input combined with evidenced-based theory. This paper illustrates how using a rigorous methodology can drive the creation of an effective digital health intervention that uniquely allows for refinement at each stage.
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Carter, Sophie E., Richard Draijer, Joseph D. Maxwell, Abigail S. Morris, Scott J. Pedersen, Lee E. F. Graves, Dick H. J. Thijssen, and Nicola D. Hopkins. "Using an e-Health Intervention to Reduce Prolonged Sitting in UK Office Workers: A Randomised Acceptability and Feasibility Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 1, 2020): 8942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238942.
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Low-cost workplace interventions are required to reduce prolonged sitting in office workers as this may improve employees’ health and well-being. This study aimed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of an e-health intervention to reduce prolonged sitting among sedentary UK-based office workers. Secondary aims were to describe preliminary changes in employee health, mood and work productivity after using an e-health intervention. Healthy, university office workers (n = 14) completed this study. An 8 week randomised crossover design was used, consisting of two trials: Intervention (computer-based prompts) and Control. Eligibility and retention rates were recorded to assess the feasibility of the trial and interviews were conducted following the intervention to explore its acceptability. Sitting, standing and stepping were objectively assessed prior to and during week 8 of each trial. Before and after each trial, measurements of vascular function, cerebrovascular function, mood and work productivity were obtained. This study had eligibility and retention rates of 54.5% and 77.8%, respectively. Participants expressed a lack of autonomy and disruption to their workflow when using the e-health intervention, raising concerns over its acceptability and long-term implementation. Preliminary data indicate that the intervention may improve the patterning of activity accrued during work hours, with increases in the number of standing and stepping bouts completed, in addition to improving vascular function. This e-health intervention is feasible to deliver in a cohort of university office workers. However, adaptations to its implementation, such as personalised settings, are needed to increase acceptability before larger trials can be conducted.
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Mena-Moreno, Teresa, Lucero Munguía, Rosario Granero, Ignacio Lucas, Almudena Sánchez-Gómez, Ana Cámara, Yaroslau Compta, et al. "Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Plus a Serious Game as a Complementary Tool for a Patient With Parkinson Disease and Impulse Control Disorder: Case Report." JMIR Serious Games 10, no. 3 (September 9, 2022): e33858. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33858.
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Background Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are commonly developed among patients who take dopamine agonist drugs as a treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). Gambling disorder and hypersexuality are more frequent in male patients with PD, with a prevalence over 4% in dopamine agonists users. Although impulsive-compulsive behaviors are related to antiparkinsonian medication, and even though ICD symptomatology, such as hypersexuality, often subsides when the dopaminergic dose is reduced, sometimes ICD persists in spite of drug adjustment. Consequently, a multidisciplinary approach should be considered to address these comorbidities and to explore new forms of complementary interventions, such as serious games or therapies adapted to PD. Objective The aim of this study is to present the case of a patient with ICD (ie, hypersexuality) triggered by dopaminergic medication for PD. A combined intervention was carried out using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for ICD adapted to PD, plus an intervention using a serious game—e-Estesia—whose objective is to improve emotion regulation and impulsivity. The aim of the combination of these interventions was to reduce the harm of the disease. Methods After 20 CBT sessions, the patient received the e-Estesia intervention over 15 sessions. Repeated measures, before and after the combined intervention, were administered to assess emotion regulation, general psychopathology, and emotional distress and impulsivity. Results After the intervention with CBT techniques and e-Estesia, the patient presented fewer difficulties to regulate emotion, less emotional distress, and lower levels of impulsivity in comparison to before the treatment. Moreover, the frequency and severity of the relapses also decreased. Conclusions The combined intervention—CBT and a serious game—showed positive results in terms of treatment outcomes.
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WANG, RONG, MOHAMMAD KOOHMARAIE, BRANDON E. LUEDTKE, TOMMY L. WHEELER, and JOSEPH M. BOSILEVAC. "Effects of In-Plant Interventions on Reduction of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Background Indicator Microorganisms on Veal Calf Hides†." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 5 (May 1, 2014): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-388.
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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotypes in veal have recently been recognized as a problem. Because hides are considered to be the principal source of EHEC and hide interventions have been shown to be very efficacious in the control of EHEC in beef processing plants, various hide-directed intervention strategies have been implemented in several veal processing plants to mitigate contamination. We evaluated the effectiveness of three different hide interventions used at veal processing plants: A, a water rinse followed by a manual curry comb of the hide; B, application of 200 ppm of chlorine followed by a hot water rinse; and C, a 5-min treatment with chlorine foam followed by a rinse with 180 to 200 ppm of acidified sodium chlorite. The levels of total aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and E. coli, as well as the prevalence of Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and non-O157 EHEC, were determined on hides pre- and postintervention. Interventions A, B, and C reduced indicator organisms (P < 0.05) by 0.8 to 3.5 log CFU, 2.1 to 2.7 log CFU, and 1.0 to 1.5 log CFU, respectively. No Salmonella was detected on hides prior to intervention. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence was observed at only one plant, so comparison was not possible. Other non-O157 EHECs (O26, O103, and O111) were observed for all interventions studied. Interventions A and B reduced culture-confirmed non-O157 EHEC by 29 and 21%, respectively, whereas intervention C did not reduce non-O157 EHEC. Our results show that the most effective veal hide intervention for reducing indicator organisms and EHECs was the application of 200 ppm of chlorine followed by hot water rinse. These data provide options that veal processors can consider in their EHEC control program.
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Tolen, Tamra, Yicheng Xie, Thomas Hairgrove, Jason Gill, and T. Taylor. "Evaluation of Commercial Prototype Bacteriophage Intervention Designed for Reducing O157 and Non-O157 Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) on Beef Cattle Hide." Foods 7, no. 7 (July 16, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods7070114.
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Microbiological safety of beef products can be protected by application of antimicrobial interventions throughout the beef chain. This study evaluated a commercial prototype antimicrobial intervention comprised of lytic bacteriophages formulated to reduce O157 and non-O157 Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) on beef cattle hide pieces, simulating commercial pre-harvest hide decontamination. STEC reduction in vitro by individual and cocktailed phages was determined by efficiency of plating (EOP). Following STEC inoculation onto hide pieces, the phage intervention was applied and hide pieces were analyzed to quantify reductions in STEC counts. Phage intervention treatment resulted in 0.4 to 0.7 log10 CFU/cm2 (p < 0.01) E. coli O157, O121, and O103 reduction. Conversely, E. coli O111 and O45 did not show any significant reduction after application of bacteriophage intervention (p > 0.05). Multiplicity of infection (MOI) evaluation indicated E. coli O157 and O121 isolates required the fewest numbers of phages per host cell to produce host lysis. STEC-attacking phages may be applied to assist in preventing STEC transmission to beef products.
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Bashirian, Saeed, Majid Barati, Manoochehr Karami, Behrooz Hamzeh, and Elahe Ezati. "Effectiveness of E-Learning Program in Preventing WP Smoking in Adolescent Females in West of Iran by Applying Prototype-Willingness Model: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Research in Health Sciences 20, no. 4 (November 5, 2020): e00497-e00497. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2020.31.
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Background: Given the increasing trend of Water pipe (WP) smoking in adolescent females, it is necessary to use effective educational strategies in preventing WP smoking in developing countries. We aimed to determine effectiveness of e-learning program in preventing WP smoking in adolescent females west of Iran using prototype-willingness model. Study Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: This study was performed on 221 adolescent females in Kermanshah City, Iran during 2019-2020. Multistage random sampling was used. Data collection tool included a researcher-made questionnaire based on prototype-willingness model. E-learning-based intervention program included 5 training sessions. Participants were followed up for 3 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean scores of attitude, subjective norms, prototype, intention, and behavioral willingness structures were similar in both experimental and control groups before the educational intervention. However, after educational interventions, mean scores of structures of positive attitude towards WP, subjective norms about WP smoking, positive prototype about WP smokers, intention, and behavioral willingness towards WP smoking were decreased in the experimental group. Moreover, frequency of WP smoking was decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group after the educational intervention (P=0.003). Conclusion: The use of e-learning-based interventions is an educational strategy for reducing WP smoking in adolescent females.
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Casas, Diego E., David A. Vargas, Emile Randazzo, Dan Lynn, Alejandro Echeverry, Mindy M. Brashears, Marcos X. Sanchez-Plata, and Markus F. Miller. "In-Plant Validation of Novel On-Site Ozone Generation Technology (Bio-Safe) Compared to Lactic Acid Beef Carcasses and Trim Using Natural Microbiota and Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 Surrogate Enumeration." Foods 10, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051002.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of an aqueous ozone (Bio-Safe) treatment and lactic acid solutions on natural microbiota and E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella surrogates on beef carcasses and trim in a commercial beef processing plant. For every repetition, 40 carcass and 40 trim swabs (500 cm2) were collected. Samples were taken using EZ-ReachTM swabs, and plated into aerobic plate count (APC), coliform, and E. coli PetrifilmTM for enumeration. In addition, a five-strain cocktail (MP-26) of E. coli surrogates was inoculated onto trim. For every trim surrogate repetition, 30 trim pieces were sampled after attachment and after ozone intervention. Samples were diluted and counts were determined using the TEMPO® system for E. coli enumeration. Ozone and lactic acid interventions significantly reduced (p < 0.003) bacterial counts in carcasses and trim samples. Moreover, lactic acid further reduced APC and coliforms in trim samples compared to ozone intervention (p < 0.009). In the surrogate trials, ozone significantly reduced (p < 0.001) surrogate concentration. Historical data from the plant revealed a reduction (p < 0.001) of presumptive E. coli O157:H7 in trim after a full year of ozone intervention implementation. The novel technology for ozone generation and application as an antimicrobial can become an alternative option that may also act synergistically with existing interventions, minimizing the risk of pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7.
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Keenan, Julia, Fiona Poland, Jill Manthorpe, Cathryn Hart, and Esme Moniz-Cook. "Implementing e-learning and e-tools for care home staff supporting residents with dementia and challenging behaviour: A process evaluation of the ResCare study using normalisation process theory." Dementia 19, no. 5 (September 30, 2018): 1604–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301218803195.
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Dementia-related symptoms, sometimes termed challenging or distressing behaviour, can give rise to significant distress in care homes. Individualised formulation-led interventions show promise in reducing these behaviours. ResCare, a cluster randomised controlled trial in England, tested an online individualised intervention, comprising e-learning and decision support e-tools, designed to enable staff to better support residents with such symptoms. Normalisation process theory was used to understand the implementation processes. We analysed contextual process data for all 27 ‘intervention’ care homes and identified three implementation mechanisms. These were examined for four illustrative case study homes. Seven qualitative interviews with care home staff and one interview with two research therapists informed this understanding. The main barrier to implementation was difficulty in conveying a sustained understanding of the value of individually tailored interventions. Emphasis was placed on training rather than practice change. Implementation seemed easier in smaller homes and in those with flexible managerial styles where transfer of knowledge and skill might have been easier to achieve. Take up of e-learning and e-tools proved hard. There may be a need to continually promote ‘buy-in’ of the potential benefits of individualised formulation-led interventions, and this would have to be congruent with other priorities. Interventions within care homes need to consider organisational readiness, capacity for innovation and ongoing appraisal and adjustment to maintain changes in practice.
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Lane, Kathleen Lynne, M. Annette Little, Jenny Redding-Rhodes, Andrea Phillips, and Megan T. Welsh. "Outcomes of a Teacher-Led Reading Intervention for Elementary Students at Risk for Behavioral Disorders." Exceptional Children 74, no. 1 (October 2007): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440290707400103.
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To date, reports of reading interventions for students at risk for emotional/behavioral disorders (E/BD) that have been published in refereed journals have involved sustained support by university or school-site personnel. This study examined the efficacy and feasibility of a reading intervention that 2 general education teachers implemented in inclusive settings to support 7 first-grade students at risk for E/BD and reading difficulties. Results of a multiple baseline design revealed lasting improvements in reading fluency for all students, accompanied by decreases in variability of academic engagement for 4 students. Although intervention goals, procedures, and outcomes exceeded teacher expectations, social validity ratings for some students declined between the onset and the conclusion of the intervention. This article presents limitations, future directions, and educational implications.
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Fettig, Angel, Erin E. Barton, Alice S. Carter, and Abbey S. Eisenhower. "Using e-Coaching to Support an Early Intervention Providerʼs Implementation of a Functional Assessment-Based Intervention." Infants & Young Children 29, no. 2 (2016): 130–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iyc.0000000000000058.
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Romli, Rodziah, Rahana Abd Rahman, Kah Teik Chew, Syahnaz Mohd Hashim, Emma Mirza Wati Mohamad, and Azmawati Mohammed Nawi. "Empirical investigation of e-health intervention in cervical cancer screening: A systematic literature review." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 19, 2022): e0273375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273375.
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Cervical cancer (CC) screening can detect the cancer early but is underutilized, especially among the developing countries and low- to middle-income countries. Electronic health (e-health) has the potential for disseminating health education and is widely used in the developed countries. This systematic literature review investigates the effectiveness of e-health intervention for improving knowledge of CC and the intention or uptake for CC screening. We followed the PRISMA 2020 guideline and registered with PROSPERO (registration ID CRD42021276036). We searched the Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO Medline Complete databases for eligible studies. Studies that conveyed informational material through e-health intervention were selected. The results were analyzed using narrative synthesis, and the pooled estimates were calculated using meta-analysis. A total of six studies involving 1886 women were included in this review. The use of e-health aids alone led to increased knowledge. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the mixed-education method of e-health movies and video education with didactic sessions increased CC screening uptake. A random-effects model revealed that CC screening uptake following e-health interventions were almost double of that of their comparison (odds ratio = 2.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.28–4.10, p < 0.05). Various areas of study demonstrated e-health intervention effectiveness (minority communities, urban areas, rural areas). Health education through e-health intervention has huge potential for promoting CC screening in the community. Nevertheless, the use of appropriate frameworks, user engagement and culturally tailored e-health need to be prioritized.
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De Marco, Rafael Lazzari, Maria Beatriz Nanni Daniel, Eduardo Nanni Calvo, and Bruna Lazzari Araldi. "Tea e neuroplasticidade: Identificação e intervenção precoce / Asd and neuroplasticity: Identification and early intervention." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 104534–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n11-193.
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Raya Diez, Esther. "e-Inclusion and e-Social work: new technologies at the service of social intervention." European Journal of Social Work 21, no. 6 (May 10, 2018): 916–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2018.1469472.
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Simblett, Sara, Jennifer Birch, Faith Matcham, Lidia Yaguez, and Robin Morris. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of e-Mental Health Interventions to Treat Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 2 (May 17, 2017): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.5558.
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Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress disorder characterized by unwanted intrusive re-experiencing of an acutely distressing, often life-threatening, event, combined with symptoms of hyperarousal, avoidance, as well as negative thoughts and feelings. Evidence-based psychological interventions have been developed to treat these symptoms and reduce distress, the majority of which were designed to be delivered face-to-face with trained therapists. However, new developments in the use of technology to supplement and extend health care have led to the creation of e-Mental Health interventions. Objective Our aim was to assess the scope and efficacy of e-Mental Health interventions to treat symptoms of PTSD. Methods The following databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials of e-Mental Health interventions to treat symptoms of PTSD as measured by standardized and validated scales: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO (in March 2015 and repeated in November 2016). Results A total of 39 studies were found during the systematic review, and 33 (N=3832) were eligible for meta-analysis. The results of the primary meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in PTSD symptoms, in favor of the active intervention group (standardized mean difference=-0.35, 95% confidence interval -0.45 to -0.25, P<.001, I2=81%). Several sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed suggesting that improvements in PTSD symptoms remained in favor of the active intervention group independent of the comparison condition, the type of cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention, and the level of guidance provided. Conclusions This review demonstrates an emerging evidence base supporting e-Mental Health to treat symptoms of PTSD.
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Noesgaard, Signe Schack. "Advancing work practices." Interactive Technology and Smart Education 13, no. 4 (November 21, 2016): 246–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itse-08-2016-0028.
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Purpose The paper aims to discuss the effectiveness of e-Learning in advancing work practices. The paper investigates the assumption that e-Learning is as effective as face-to-face interventions when stimulating change. It also examines the assumption that well-designed and well-executed instructional interventions will advance work practices. Design/methodology/approach The paper synthesizes contemporary social-psychological and educational research in the creation of a model of intervention-based change. In addition, the findings from an empirical study of online teacher professional development simultaneously inspire and exemplify the model. Findings The paper suggests that increased attention to individual motivational drivers is needed, especially post intervention, to help ensure meaningful learning transfer and sustainable behavior change. The importance of individualized on-the-job scaffolding for employees is highlighted through relational considerations of attrition and scaffolding. In investigating the chasm between initial and sustained change, seemingly unpredictable contextual factors appear to be critical to the effectiveness of e-Learning in advancing work practices. Practical implications In recognition of the vulnerability and situatedness of turning instructional interventions into sustainable change, the paper initiates a rethinking of e-Learning as technologies for on-the-job, just-in-time and individualized performance support. The paper gives concrete examples of current technologies that may assist in online scaffolding, while also acknowledging that this is still a field in which further research and developments are needed. Originality/value The paper critically investigates some of the more resilient assumptions that serve as a fundament for professional development interventions currently. It conceptualizes intervention-based change and the key motivational drivers of such change. In doing so, it illuminates highly contextual dynamics presumed to have a critical impact on the effectiveness of e-Learning for PD.
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Ngoc, Ly Duc, Pham Manh Hung, Phan Thao Nguyen, Nguyen Tran Thuy, and Nguyen The Huy. "Interventions results treatment of chronic total occlusion of the femoral artery at Cardiovascular Center – E hospital." Tạp chí Phẫu thuật Tim mạch và Lồng ngực Việt Nam 40 (January 18, 2023): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47972/vjcts.v40i.830.
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Objectives
Evaluation of early and medium-term results of percutaneous interventional procedure to treat CTO femoral artery occlusion at Cardiovascular Center of Hospital E and some factors affecting the intervention results of this procedure
Methods
Descriptive, prospective, non-control study, from July 2021 to July 2022, had 38 patients diagnosed with CTO femoral artery POBA and/or stenting
Result
The success rate of interventional technique for CTO of the superficial femoral artery is 94.7%. The rate of complications is 5.3%, 2 cases bleeding at the puncture site.
1. The rate of limb preservation or only minimal amputation was 97.4%. After 6 months, there were 10 cases (27.8%) of stent re-occlusion and had to be hospitalized for stent re- intervention.
2. Smoking has the highest rate in the study group, over 2/3 of the total number of patients, followed by hypertension and diabetes. Patients with stents length > 16cm had an increased risk of restenosis compared with stent length <16cm, (p=0.016). Retrograde intervention had a higher risk of stent occlusion at 6 months compared with antergrade intervention (p=0.012).
Conclusion
Intervention CTO femoral artery by percutaneous intervention has a high success rate, improving limb function and increasing quality of life, it is necessary to advise patients to give up smoking, take medication after the intervention. Consider placing multiple stents and too long stent. It is necessary to use Rotablator or IVUS limb vessels to optimize the outcome.
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Hietbrink, Eclaire A. G., Anouk Middelweerd, Pepijn van Empelen, Katharina Preuhs, Annemieke A. J. Konijnendijk, Wendy Oude Nijeweme-d’Hollosy, Laura K. Schrijver, Gozewijn D. Laverman, and Miriam M. R. Vollenbroek-Hutten. "A Digital Lifestyle Coach (E-Supporter 1.0) to Support People With Type 2 Diabetes: Participatory Development Study." JMIR Human Factors 10 (January 12, 2023): e40017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/40017.
Full textAbstract:
Background A healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity and a healthy diet, is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of chronic diseases. eHealth interventions that incorporate behavior change techniques (BCTs) and dynamic tailoring strategies could effectively support a healthy lifestyle. E-Supporter 1.0 is an eCoach designed to support physical activity and a healthy diet in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objective This paper aimed to describe the systematic development of E-Supporter 1.0. Methods Our systematic design process consisted of 3 phases. The definition phase included the selection of the target group and formulation of intervention objectives, and the identification of behavioral determinants based on which BCTs were selected to apply in the intervention. In the development phase, intervention content was developed by specifying tailoring variables, intervention options, and decision rules. In the last phase, E-Supporter 1.0 integrated in the Diameter app was evaluated using a usability test in 9 people with T2D to assess intervention usage and acceptability. Results The main intervention objectives were to stimulate light to moderate-vigorous physical activities or adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines in people with T2D. The selection of behavioral determinants was informed by the health action process approach and theories explaining behavior maintenance. BCTs were included to address relevant behavioral determinants (eg, action control, self-efficacy, and coping planning). Development of the intervention resulted in 3 types of intervention options, consisting of motivational messages, behavioral feedback, and tailor-made supportive exercises. On the basis of IF-THEN rules, intervention options could be tailored to, among others, type of behavioral goal and (barriers to) goal achievement. Data on these variables could be collected using app data, activity tracker data, and daily ecological momentary assessments. Usability testing revealed that user experiences were predominantly positive, despite some problems in the fixed delivery of content. Conclusions The systematic development approach resulted in a theory-based and dynamically tailored eCoach. Future work should focus on expanding intervention content to other chronic diseases and lifestyle behaviors, enhancing the degree of tailoring and evaluating intervention effects on acceptability, use, and cost-effectiveness.
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Hatzioannou, Anna, Andreas Chatzittofis, Virginia Sunday Koutroubas, Evridiki Papastavrou, and Maria Karanikola. "Combined Use of Web-Based and In-Person Education on Ill Health Self-management Skills in Adults With Bipolar Disorder: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): e25168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25168.
Full textAbstract:
Background Addressing the enhancement of ill health self-management skills in adults diagnosed with bipolar disorder may be considered an important intervention for health care systems worldwide. Objective This protocol describes the study “Management of my Bipolarity” (MoB), which aims to develop an educational intervention for adults with bipolar disorder and assess its effectiveness. The objectives include (a) a literature review on bipolar disorder educational interventions; (b) a qualitative exploration of the educational needs of people with bipolar disorder; (c) development of an educational intervention based on objectives (a) and (b) (ie, the MoB educational intervention); and (d) exploration of the effectiveness of the intervention regarding participants’ knowledge of their mental health condition and enhancement of their ill health self-management skills. The MoB educational intervention will consist of an in-person and a web-based intervention in the form of a digital platform. Methods The proposed interventional study is a combination of a qualitative and a quantitative design (mixed methods study). A focus group and content analysis will be implemented for the qualitative assessment of the educational needs of adults with bipolar disorder. The intervention will be developed based on the qualitative data of the study and relevant literature. The effectiveness of the acquired knowledge and self-management skills will be assessed according to (a) substance use behavior, (b) health locus of control, (c) impulse control, (d) adherence to pharmacotherapy, (e) relapse prevention, (f) improvement of quality of life, and (g) bipolar disorder knowledge level via structured instruments in the quantitative part of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics (SPSS version 24.0). Results A total of 13 patients with bipolar disorder have been interviewed (8 women, 5 men) to identify educational needs to be covered through the intervention. Moreover, a literature review on bipolar disorder educational interventions has been completed. These data have been incorporated in the design of the MoB in-person intervention and the digital platform. The digital platform is live, and the development of the MoB in-person intervention was completed at the end of 2020. The recruitment of the participants for the intervention (40 patients) and the control group (40 patients) began during the first semester of 2021. Moreover, by tracking the platform for 1.5 years, we have recorded that 2180 users have visited the platform with an average session duration of almost 2 minutes. Mobile and tablet devices are being used by 70% of the visitors. Conclusions Since new parameters regarding educational interventions will be explored, these findings are expected to provide evidence that participation in structured educational interventions offers patients the opportunity to improve adherence to pharmacotherapy and increase their quality of life. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04643210; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04643210 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/25168
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Bardus, Marco, Holly Blake, Scott Lloyd, and L. Suzanne Suggs. "Reasons for participating and not participating in a e-health workplace physical activity intervention." International Journal of Workplace Health Management 7, no. 4 (November 4, 2014): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-11-2013-0040.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reasons for participating and not participating in an e-health workplace physical activity (PA) intervention. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were conducted with a purposive sample of employees who enrolled and participated in the intervention and with those who did not complete enrolment, hence did not participate in it. Data were examined using thematic analysis according to the clusters of “reasons for participation” and for “non-participation”. Findings – Reported reasons for participation included a need to be more active, to increase motivation to engage in PA, and to better manage weight. Employees were attracted by the perceived ease of use of the programme and by the promise of receiving reminders. Many felt encouraged to enrol by managers or peers. Reported reasons for non-participation included lack of time, loss of interest towards the programme, or a lack of reminders to complete enrolment. Practical implications – Future e-health workplace behavioural interventions should consider focusing on employees’ needs and motivators to behaviour change, provide regular reminders for participants to complete enrolment and ensure that procedures are completed successfully. Barriers to participation could be identified through formative research with the target population and feasibility studies. Originality/value – This study combines a qualitative analysis of the reasons why some employees decided to enrol in a workplace PA intervention and why some others did not. This study highlights factors to consider when designing, implementing and promoting similar interventions and that could inform strategies to enhance participation in workplace PA interventions.
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Berg, Carla J., Katelyn F. Romm, Brooke Patterson, Christina Wysota, and Lorien C. Abroms. "Appeal of novel cessation intervention approaches among young-adult users of traditional and alternative tobacco products." Tobacco Use Insights 14 (January 2021): 1179173X2110411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179173x211041123.
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Significance Given limited research on young-adult tobacco cessation interventions, we examined preferred tobacco/e-cigarette cessation approaches among young-adult tobacco/e-cigarette users. Methods We analyzed Spring 2020 data from a longitudinal study of young adults (ages 18–34) across 6 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, Boston, Minneapolis, Oklahoma City, San Diego, and Seattle). We examined tobacco/e-cigarette use and self-reported appeal of various intervention approaches, and regarding technology-based approaches, the appeal of types of technology and intervention functions. Results In this sample of past 6-month tobacco/e-cigarette users (Mage = 24.69; 48.4% male; 73.3% White), 59.6% used e-cigarettes, and 48.2% used cigarettes. The most frequently endorsed intervention approach was nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; 72.7%), followed by technology-based programs (70.0%) and oral medications (53.0%). The most frequently endorsed technology-based approach was smartphone apps (85.9%), followed by programs involving text-messaging (62.1%), websites (57.1%), social media (48.4%), and video counseling (41.6%). The most frequently endorsed technology-based program function was behavioral monitoring (68.3%), followed by earning rewards (60.3%). We identified no differences in approach appeal among subcategories of tobacco/e-cigarette users. Conclusions Findings underscore the promise of technology-based approaches, particularly apps, and text-messaging for tobacco/e-cigarette cessation, and functions like behavioral monitoring and gamification. Additionally, appropriate and effective NRT use for young-adult tobacco/e-cigarette users warrants further research.
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Hsu, Yen-I., Ying-Chou Chen, Chia-Lun Lee, and Nai-Jen Chang. "Effects of Diet Control and Telemedicine-Based Resistance Exercise Intervention on Patients with Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Control Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 7744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157744.
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This study investigated the effects of home-based nutritional and telemedicine-based resistance exercise interventions on improving body composition, blood biochemistry, and lower-limb functional performance. In total, 66 obese patients with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into a diet control group (D), elastic band resistance exercise group (E), and diet control plus elastic band exercise group (D + E). Each group was supervised by a clinical dietitian and follow-up was conducted via telephone calls or a communication application to track the participants’ progress. After 12 weeks of intervention, the D (p < 0.001) and D + E (p < 0.001) groups achieved significant weight loss. The D + E group exhibited a significant reduction in body fat relative to the D (p = 0.019) and E (p = 0.012) groups. Compared with the D (p = 0.002) and E (p = 0.019) groups, the D + E group achieved significant improvements in the timed up-and-go test and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis total scale. The D + E group experienced significant improvements in total cholesterol (p = 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.01), and triglyceride levels (p = 0.007) relative to other groups. In conclusion, individual diet control intervention combined with telemedicine-based resistance exercise intervention significantly improved the body composition, blood biochemistry, and lower-limb functional performance of the investigated population with comorbid conditions.