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1
Timm, J. David, and Frank Papenmeier. "Processing spatial configurations in visuospatial working memory is influenced by shifts of overt visual attention." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): e0281445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281445.
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When memorizing multiple objects, humans process them in relation to each other, proposing a configuration benefit. Shifts in overt visual attention through eye movements might influence the processing of spatial configurations. Whereas some research suggests that overt visual attention aids the processing of spatial representations, other research suggests a snapshot-like processing of spatial configurations, thus likely not relying on eye movements. In the first experiment, we focused on the comparison between an enforced fixation and a free view condition regarding configurational effects. Participants encoded objects’ locations and were asked for changes at retrieval. One object was displaced in half of the trials and was either accompanied by a configuration or was displayed alone. In the second experiment, we expanded this idea by enforcing fixation during different task phases, namely encoding, maintenance and retrieval. We investigated if a fixed gaze during one specific phase drives the influence of eye movements when processing spatial configurations. We observed reliable configuration benefits for the free view conditions. Whereas a fixed gaze throughout the whole trial reduced the effect, enforced fixations during the task phases did not break the configuration benefit. Our findings suggest that whereas the processing of spatial configurations in memory is supported by the ability of performing shifts of overt visual attention, configurational processing does not rely on these shifts occurring throughout the task. Our results indicate a reciprocal relationship of visuospatial working memory and eye movements.
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Huang, Zhi Gao, Qian Feng, Yong Shen Li, Feng Ming Zhang, and You Wei Du. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Configurational Anisotropy of Magnetic Cluster." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3161.
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In this paper, the spin configuration and the configurational anisotropy of the clusters were studied by Monte Carlo simulations. An easy magnetization directions and a configurational anisotropy were found for the clusters using the hysteresis and spin configurations in different magnetization processes, and the simulated natural angle and energy distribution. It is considered that the configurational anisotropy is mainly attributed to the non-uniformity in spin configurations.
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Agmon, Eran, Alexander J. Gates, Valentin Churavy, and Randall D. Beer. "Exploring the Space of Viable Configurations in a Model of Metabolism–Boundary Co-construction." Artificial Life 22, no. 2 (May 2016): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00196.
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We introduce a spatial model of concentration dynamics that supports the emergence of spatiotemporal inhomogeneities that engage in metabolism–boundary co-construction. These configurations exhibit disintegration following some perturbations, and self-repair in response to others. We define robustness as a viable configuration's tendency to return to its prior configuration in response to perturbations, and plasticity as a viable configuration's tendency to change to other viable configurations. These properties are demonstrated and quantified in the model, allowing us to map a space of viable configurations and their possible transitions. Combining robustness and plasticity provides a measure of viability as the average expected survival time under ongoing perturbation, and allows us to measure how viability is affected as the configuration undergoes transitions. The framework introduced here is independent of the specific model we used, and is applicable for quantifying robustness, plasticity, and viability in any computational model of artificial life that demonstrates the conditions for viability that we promote.
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Kudsk, Anders, Lars Hvam, and Christian Langhoff Thuesen. "Using a Configuration System to Design Toilets and Place Installation Shafts." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 7, no. 1 (November 15, 2013): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801307010158.
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The aim of this research is to discover how configuration systems can support a product’s design process when a high degree of variation is required and a very open or endless space exists for possible configurations. The article is based on an industrial case involving a firm that wishes to offer a bathroom configurator to architects. The aim of the configurator is to help architects design a bathroom according to relevent requirements and norms. In offering the configurator, the firm aims to enable a design that can be coordinated with a prefabricated installation shaft sold by the firm, and also to create customer leads. Four scenarios are developed for how design can be supported by four different types of configuration technologies. The four scenarios are evaluated in relation to a number of functional and technical requirements. The scenarios indicate that a good and varied range of opportunities exist for using configuration systems in the construction industry. They also show that it can be done without fundamentally changing the present process.
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Li, Yunwang, Sumei Dai, Lala Zhao, Xucong Yan, and Yong Shi. "Topological Design Methods for Mecanum Wheel Configurations of an Omnidirectional Mobile Robot." Symmetry 11, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11101268.
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A simple and efficient bottom-roller axle intersections approach for judging the omnidirectional mobility of the Mecanum wheel configuration is proposed and proved theoretically. Based on this approach, a sub-configuration judgment method is derived. Using these methods, on the basis of analyzing the possible configurations of three and four Mecanum wheels and existing Mecanum wheel configurations of robots in practical applications, the law determining wheel configuration is elucidated. Then, the topological design methods of the Mecanum wheel configurations are summarized and refined, including the basic configuration array method, multiple wheels replacement method, and combination method. The first two methods can be used to create suitable multiple-Mecanum-wheel configurations for a single mobile robot based on the basic Mecanum wheel configuration. Multiple single robots can be arranged by combination methods including end-to-end connection, side-by-side connection, symmetrical rectangular connection, and distributed combination, and then, the abundant combination configurations of robots can be obtained. Examples of Mecanum wheel configurations design based on a symmetrical four-Mecanum-wheel configuration and three centripetal configurations using these topological design methods are presented. This work can provide methods and a reference for Mecanum wheel configurations design.
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Ngoc, Hoang Van, Trieu Quynh Trang, Air Xayyadeth, and Chu Viet Ha. "Doping two boron atoms in germanene nanoribbons in an external electric field." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2070, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2070/1/012130.
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Abstract Germanene is a two-dimensional system made of germanium atoms, its configuration is hexagonal honeycomb. Germanene nanoribbons (GNRs) are one-dimensional systems made from germanene with hydrogen-modified edges. The GNRs configuration studied here consists of 12 germanium atoms and 4 hydrogen atoms per unit cell. This work investigated the doping of two boron atoms into the unit cell of GNRs. Changing the different doping sites produces different configurations, the configurations been studied as meta-configuration, para-configuration, and ortho-configuration. By using density functional theory (DFT), the formation energies, energy band structures, and density of states of the configurations are studied. The ortho-configuration for the formation energy is the smallest, so this configuration is the most stable. The appearance of an external electric field changes the band gap and the energy band structure of the system.
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Sobecki, Christopher, Jie Zhang, and Cheng Wang. "Dynamics of a Pair of Paramagnetic Janus Particles under a Uniform Magnetic Field and Simple Shear Flow." Magnetochemistry 7, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7010016.
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We numerically investigate the dynamics of a pair of circular Janus microparticles immersed in a Newtonian fluid under a simple shear flow and a uniform magnetic field by direct numerical simulation. Using the COMSOL software, we applied the finite element method, based on an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach, and analyzed the dynamics of two anisotropic particles (i.e., one-half is paramagnetic, and the other is non-magnetic) due to the center-to-center distance, magnetic field strength, initial particle orientation, and configuration. This article considers two configurations: the LR-configuration (magnetic material is on the left side of the first particle and on the right side of the second particle) and the RL-configuration (magnetic material is on the right side of the first particle and on the left side of the second particle). For both configurations, a critical orientation determines if the particles either attract (below the critical) or repel (above the critical) under a uniform magnetic field. How well the particles form a chain depends on the comparison between the viscous and magnetic forces. For long particle distances, the viscous force separates the particles, and the magnetic force causes them to repel as the particle orientation increases above the configuration’s critical value. As the initial distance decreases, a chain formation is possible at a steady orientation, but is more feasible for the RL-configuration than the LR-configuration under the same circumstances.
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Liu, Jinguo, Xin Zhang, Ketao Zhang, Jian S. Dai, Shujun Li, and Qi Sun. "Configuration analysis of a reconfigurable Rubik's snake robot." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 9 (October 6, 2018): 3137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218805112.
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Versatility and adaptability are the most prominent advantages of reconfigurable modular robotic systems. Unlike integrated robotic systems, reconfigurable modular robots can be rearranged to adapt to unpredictable environments. This paper presents a novel reconfigurable modular robot inspired by the Rubik's snake toy. For this reconfigurable Rubik's snake robot, the special feature is that it can work as not only a mechanism but also as a reconfigurable structure. In this paper, the configuration analysis is the core content. The concept of valid configurations is proposed to describe valid, controllable, and non-interference configurations. The configuration analysis theories are introduced in accordance with the configuration representation, the isomorphism analysis, the interference analysis, and the motion sequence analysis. Here, the configuration representation is proposed to define the position and orientation of two modules by using the adjacency matrix and the binary digital code, respectively. The equivalent digital code and the configuration ring are used to distinguish the same or symmetric configurations for the open and closed isomorphism configurations, respectively. Meanwhile, a case study is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the isomorphism analysis. Furthermore, the working space interference method is introduced to detect the interference issue in the process of forming target configurations. To accomplish a target configuration properly, the motion sequence matrix is defined to describe the motion sequence for achieving a target configuration. Finally, an experiment on the configuration transformation is demonstrated to verify the rationality and correctness of the theories of configuration analysis.
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Van Riel, Allard C. R., Jie J. Zhang, Lee Phillip McGinnis, Mohammad G. Nejad, Milos Bujisic, and Paul A. Phillips. "A framework for sustainable service system configuration." Journal of Service Management 30, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 349–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-12-2018-0396.
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Purpose While innovative service systems may create substantial value for certain stakeholders, they often destroy value for others. This value paradox frequently leads to unsustainable service systems. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of multiple theories to pinpoint and explain these value paradoxes, build a framework allowing potentially more sustainable value configuration of service systems and develop an agenda for future research. The framework is illustrated with examples from the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on prevalent theories and approaches, including service-dominant logic, business modeling, transaction cost economics, stakeholder theory, configuration theory and set theory, to develop a value configuration framework. Findings In a service system, the configuration of resources and relationships between these resources (i.e. the set of value propositions for various stakeholders of the system) determines which stakeholders will gain and which will lose and to what extent. For that reason, insight into the range of possible service configurations – or business models – will help decision makers consider the effects on various stakeholders, and, where possible, set their priorities right and make their businesses more sustainable. The research produces a rich research agenda. Research limitations/implications Examples from hospitality allow an in-depth examination of a range of dynamic configurational and technological innovations, but some idiosyncratic characteristics of the context may impede the wider applicability of the conceptual framework. Future research could complement this work by studying other service sectors. Practical implications The paper aims to provide decision makers in the service industry with a conceptual tool to explore, diagnose and, if needed, adjust the value configuration of their service operations. In practice, this tool may help explicate the service system configuration, thus helping managers determine their organizations’ desired positioning in terms of value creation and destruction, and to choose strategic directions by adapting configurations. Social implications Legislation and regulations are being adapted to various new service configurations. This paper attempts to – at least conceptually – distinguish different service configurations, allowing policy makers to identify the value trade-offs between stakeholders, including society at large. Originality/value Previous research focused primarily on value creation by innovative services and business models. Value creation for one stakeholder, however, could lead to value destruction for another. Taking this paradox into consideration may result in more open service ecosystems that explicitly consider sustainability and value implications in multiple dimensions and for a broader group of stakeholders.
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Morehouse, Aaron, Kelton C. Ireland, and Gobinda C. Saha. "An Investigation into the Effects of Electric Field Uniformity on Electrospun TPU Fiber Nano-Scale Morphology." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010199.
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ANSYS Maxwell was used to replicate the conditions of two potential electrospinning configurations: a needle–plate and a parallel-plate configuration. Simulations showed that the electric field generated within the parallel-plate configuration was much more uniform than that within the needle–plate configuration. Both configurations were assembled and used electrospin fibers at three different spinning distances (10 cm, 12 cm, and 15 cm), at a consistent electric field strength of 1.7 kV/cm. Scanning electron microscopy was used to compare the morphologies of the fibers produced in both configurations in order to confirm whether a more uniform electric field yielded thinner fibers. The results show that the needle–plate configuration produced finer fibers than the parallel-plate configuration at all three spinning distances. However, there was no difference in the fiber diameters produced at the 12 and 15 cm spinning distances within the needle–plate configuration, implying thinning may only occur up to a certain distance in this configuration.
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Silva-Muñoz, Moisés, Alberto Franzin, and Hugues Bersini. "Automatic configuration of the Cassandra database using irace." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (August 5, 2021): e634. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.634.
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Database systems play a central role in modern data-centered applications. Their performance is thus a key factor in the efficiency of data processing pipelines. Modern database systems expose several parameters that users and database administrators can configure to tailor the database settings to the specific application considered. While this task has traditionally been performed manually, in the last years several methods have been proposed to automatically find the best parameter configuration for a database. Many of these methods, however, use statistical models that require high amounts of data and fail to represent all the factors that impact the performance of a database, or implement complex algorithmic solutions. In this work we study the potential of a simple model-free general-purpose configuration tool to automatically find the best parameter configuration of a database. We use the irace configurator to automatically find the best parameter configuration for the Cassandra NoSQL database using the YCBS benchmark under different scenarios. We establish a reliable experimental setup and obtain speedups of up to 30% over the default configuration in terms of throughput, and we provide an analysis of the configurations obtained.
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Ali, Hafiz, Arslan Bhatti, and Muzaffar Ali. "An experimental investigation of performance of a double pass solar air heater with thermal storage medium." Thermal Science 19, no. 5 (2015): 1699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci140824140a.
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The performance of a double pass solar air heater was experimentally investigated using four different configurations. First configuration contained only absorber plate whereas copper tubes filled with thermal storage medium (paraffin wax) were added on the absorber plate in the second configuration. Aluminum and steel rods as thermal enhancer were inserted in the middle of paraffin wax of each tube for configurations three and four respectively. Second configuration provided useful heat for about 1.5 hours after the sunset compared to first configuration. Configurations three and four provided useful heat for about 2 hours after the sunset. The maximum efficiency of about 96% was achieved using configuration three (i.e. using Aluminum rods in the middle of copper tubes filled with paraffin wax).
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Lähteenmäki, Jarno, and Juuso Töyli. "Platform based Innovation Ecosystems: Value Network Configuration Perspective." Journal of Innovation Management 11, no. 1 (May 5, 2023): 68–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_011.001_0004.
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A platform-based innovation ecosystem links multiple markets and their corresponding stakeholders for joint value creation and innovation around a platform, and it is critical for the platform sponsor to manage the configuration efficiently for maximized value and survival. Through a multi-case study, we propose a configurational framework for platform ecosystems to analyze multi-stakeholder business structures, boundary decisions and their relationships. We define the context as for-profit business networks that leverage a digital platform to create multi-sided market circumstances and to engage partners as well as customers in joint innovation and value creation. Empirically we study five small to mid-sized digital information and communication technology platforms and their ecosystems. The discoveries elaborate on the four characteristic configurations and activities involved in the platform ecosystem management, and show configurational differences between open, semi-open, and closed innovation ecosystems. We propose the value-network configurations for the ecosystem, upstream producer, downstream consumer, and partner driven scenarios. Contradicting the existing literature, we argue that complementarities are created by two different producer actors and the consumption is influenced by two different downstream actors. We also argue that an internal production platform can be considered a platform ecosystem for innovation in the case of the extensive use of external knowledge and resource sources. The results extend the understanding of a platform ecosystem as a multi-layered configuration, and show what are the roles of different functions in the multi-layered structure.
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Lim, Stanley Frederick W. T., and Jagjit Singh Srai. "Examining the anatomy of last-mile distribution in e-commerce omnichannel retailing." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 1735–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-12-2016-0733.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interplay between configuration dimensions (network structure, network flow, relationship governance, and service architecture) of last-mile supply networks (LMSN) and the underlying mechanisms influencing omnichannel performance. Design/methodology/approach Based on mixed-method design incorporating a multiple embedded case study, mapping, survey, and archival records, this research involved undertaking in-depth within- and cross-case analyses to examine seven LMSNs, employing a configuration approach. Findings The existing literature in the operations management (OM) field was shown to provide limited understanding of LMSNs within the emerging omnichannel context. Case results suggest that particular configurations have intrinsic capabilities, and that these directly influence omnichannel performance. The study further proposes a taxonomy of LMSNs comprising six forms, with two hybrids, supporting the notion of equifinality in configuration theory. Propositions are developed to further explore interdependencies between configurational attributes, refining the relationship between LMSN types, and factors influencing omnichannel performance. Practical implications The findings provide retailers with a set of design parameters for the (re)configuration of LMSNs and facilitate performance evaluation using the concept of fit between configurational attributes. The developed model sheds light on the consequential effects when certain configurational attributes are altered, preempting managerial attention. Given the global trend in urbanization, improved LMSN performance would have positive societal impacts in terms of service and resource efficiency. Originality/value This is one of the first studies in the OM field to critically analyze LMSNs and their behaviors in omnichannel retailing. Additionally, the paper offers several important avenues for future research.
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Narne, Dharani Kumar, T. A. Ramesh Kumar, and Rama Koteswara Rao Alla. "A novel PV array configuration for enhancing maximum power from PV array." Clean Energy 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 817–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkac054.
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Abstract Partial shading conditions (PSC) are unavoidable and are the main reason for the reduction in power from a photovoltaic (PV) array. With proper arrangement, the impact of PSC can be somewhat mitigated. There are distinct types of configurations, including series, parallel, series-parallel (SP), honeycomb, total cross-tied (TCT), etc. This article presents a novel SP–TCT configuration to maximize output power from PV panels under different shading conditions. The proposed configuration performance has been examined considering a 4 × 4 PV array under long-narrow and long-wide, short-narrow, short-wide and uniform shading conditions. The results of the proposed configurations are compared with existing configurations in terms of performance measures such as maximum power, fill factor, efficiency and mismatch losses. In all the cases, performance of the proposed configuration is nearer to the TCT configuration performance. The percentage improvement in terms of efficiency for the proposed novel SP–TCT configuration and TCT configuration is nearly 1.6% compared to other methods.
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Dubois, Anna, Kajsa Hulthén, and Viktoria Sundquist. "Organising logistics and transport activities in construction." International Journal of Logistics Management 30, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 620–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-12-2017-0325.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse how different ways of organising transport and logistics activities in construction impact on efficiency. The paper scrutinises three particular transport and logistics configurations: the de-centralised coordinated configuration, the on-site coordinated configuration and the supply network coordinated configuration. Design/methodology/approach Three configurations are derived from the literature and from case studies. The efficiency of the three configurations is analysed on three levels of analysis: the construction site, the supply chain, and across supply chains and construction sites. Findings The paper concludes that there are possibilities to enhance efficiency on all three levels of analysis by widening the scope of coordination beyond the individual construction site. Practical implications The analysis points to efficiency potentials in applying the supply network coordinated configuration, although this configuration puts high demands on collaboration amongst the actors involved. Originality/value The paper provides illustration, and explanation, of the efficiency potentials involved in the three configurations.
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Raharjo, Akhmadi Puguh. "Simulasi Penempatan Rorak Sebagai Bentuk Pengoptimalan Konservasi Air." Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana 4, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/alami.v4i2.4558.
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Trenching is a form of soil and water conservation engineering that is commonly used and is known to be effective in controlling runoff and increasing water content in the root zone of plants. There are various configurations of trench placement in the field and this study aims to simulate the placement of trench by comparing the three trench configurations to find out which configuration is most effective in capturing surface runoff. The simulation is carried out by calculating the catchment capacity of surface runoff under different rainfall intensity conditions and runoff coefficients in the three trench configurations that have different catchment areas. From the calculation, it is known that configuration 3 in optimal conditions has a comparative advantage of 41.67% - 68.80% (compared to configuration 1) and 27.78% - 52.83% (compared to configuration 2). Meanwhile, configuration 2 has a comparative advantage of 13.89% - 16.06% when compared to configuration 1. From the calculation it is also known that there are conditions where the three configurations will produce a uniform value so that there will be no comparative advantage between the three configurations. This condition is generally above the rain intensity of 50 mm per hour and the runoff coefficient is above 0.45.
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Dai, Xiaoya, Weidong Zhu, Chao Zhang, Yong Wu, and Xue Hu. "HOW TO MANAGE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL CONFIGURATIONS TO IMPROVE FIRM PERFORMANCE IN THE INTERNET MEDICAL INDUSTRY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 23, no. 1 (November 30, 2021): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.15673.
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The internet medical industry is a new direction of the medical industry; however, internet medical enterprises have been going through a reshuffling period after 2016 and urgently need to improve their performance. The main aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) configurations and firm performance and guide ideal IC configuration decision to improve the performance of internet medical enterprises in China. First, a mechanism model was constructed to reveal the effects of IC configurations on firm performance, which is contribution to enrich IC configuration theory research. Then, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to guide its IC configurations selection currently using data from internet medical enterprises in China from 2012 to 2019. The research is contribution to enrich application research of IC configuration. The results show that IC affects firm performance by means of the configuration; currently ideal IC configurations selection of the internet medical industry should pay attention to human, relationship and physical capital; period and specific business will both affect the choice of IC configuration. The results of this study can deepen managers’ understanding of IC configurations and guide ideal IC configurations selection in the internet medical industry.
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Inal, Sermet, Kadir Gok, Arif Gok, Ahmet Murat Pinar, and Canan Inal. "Comparison of Biomechanical Effects of Different Configurations of Kirschner Wires on the Epiphyseal Plate and Stability in a Salter-Harris Type 2 Distal Femoral Fracture Model." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 109, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/16-112.
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Background: We sought to investigate the different configurations of Kirschner wires used in distal femur Salter-Harris (SH) type 2 epiphyseal fracture for stabilization after reduction under axial, rotational, and bending forces and to define the biomechanical effects on the epiphyseal plate and the fracture line and decide which was more advantageous. Methods: The SH type 2 fracture was modeled using design software for four different configurations: cross, cross-parallel, parallel medial, and parallel lateral with two Kirschner wires, and computer-aided numerical analyses of the different configurations after reduction were performed using the finite element method. For each configuration, the mesh process, loading condition (axial, bending, and rotational), boundary conditions, and material models were applied in finite element software, and growth cartilage and von Mises stress values occurring around the Kirschner wire groove were calculated. Results: In growth cartilage, the stresses were highest in the parallel lateral configuration and lowest in the cross configuration. In Kirschner wires, the stresses were highest in the cross configuration and lowest in the cross-parallel and parallel lateral configurations. In the groove between the growth cartilage and the Kirschner wire interface, the stresses were highest in the parallel lateral configuration and lowest in the cross configuration. Conclusions: The results showed that the cross configuration is advantageous in fixation. In addition, in the SH type 2 epiphyseal fracture, we believe that the fixation shape should not be applied in the lateral configuration.
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Firoozi, Zahra, N. Ismail, Shahram Ariafar, S. H. Tang, M. K. A. M. Ariffin, and Azizollah Memariani. "Cost Analysis of Two Different Configurations for a Distribution Network Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.656.
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One significant decision in supply chain management is to determine the configuration of the supply chain network. However, studies that analyze different configurations are rare in the literature. This paper considers a supply chain network consisting of one supplier and a number of retailers. Two different configurations were proposed and were compared in terms of total cost for the network. In the first configuration, retailers directly order to the supplier and hold the inventory to meet the demand of customers. However, in the second configuration, a number of intermediate facilities were established to order products from the supplier and satisfy the demands of retailers. The inventory of retailers in the latter configuration is stored in the intermediate facilities. These two configurations were compared in terms of total cost. Numerical calculations indicate that the latter configuration was preferred in most cases.
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Xu, Yue, and Xian Xi Tang. "Research Methods of Applicable and Durable Configurations of Concrete Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3161.
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Durability and stress injury of concrete bridge were increasingly prominent on the bridge structure now, the use and safety performances of bridge have been significantly affected. "Applicable and durable configuration" can effectively solve these problems, "applicable and durable" include durability, mechanical properties, enforceability and economy. Impact factors of applicable and durable configuration structural include environmental, vehicle load and material. Combined with the meaning and impact factors of applicable and durable configuration, the proportion of main configurations in whole configurations of concrete bridge and the weight of various factors were identified, and the contents and methods of applicable and durable configuration were determined, which laid the foundation for study of applicable and durable configurations of concrete bridge.
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Bindhu, K. R., Shahina Ansari, and M. S. Vaisakh. "Influence of Tie Configuration on Seismic Behaviour of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 1653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.702.
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Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is one of the latest advances in concrete technology as it overcomes the shortcomings of conventional concrete such as low strength to weight ratio, high permeability, low tensile strength, low ductility, and volume instability. Confinement is capable of increasing capacity of the concrete structure to sustain large deformation without a substantial strength loss. The present study discusses the influence of tie configuration, percentage of longitudinal reinforcement and tie spacing in improving the confinement and behaviour of UHPC columns. In order to determine the behaviour of UHPC column, half scaled specimens of original short column with four different tie configurations were used. The configurations considered for the study included a double legged ties (A), welded ties with bars running centrally across the length and width (B), ties with inclined bars connecting two adjacent mid-points (C) and ties with bars connecting two adjacent sides at one-third distances (D). For the same tie configuration, the transverse reinforcement ratios are varied by changing the diameter of the ties. The specimens were tested under quasi static reverse cyclic loading under a constant axial load. The test results were represented and compared in terms of load-deflection envelope, ductility and cracking patterns. Tie configuration C exhibited better performance in stiffness and ductility, when compared with other configurations. For same parameters, “B” and “D” configuration displayed better behaviour than “A” configuration. This variation in performance was due to increase in transverse reinforcement percentage and the consequent effectiveness of core confinement. Transverse reinforcement percentage of “B” and “C” configurations is less than “D” configuration. The enhancements of properties of “B” and “C” configurations are better than “D” configuration. It was due to the effective core confinement of “B” and “C” configuration. For the same tie configuration, ultimate load, initial stiffness and relative ductility increases with increase in transverse reinforcement percentage. UHPC columns with “C” type tie configuration can effectively use in moderate and high seismic areas and its performance can be improved by increasing the transverse reinforcement ratio.
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Prasad Ojha, Durga, Devesh Kumar, and V. G. K. M. Pisipati. "Smectogenic Behaviour of 7O.6 at it's Phase Transition Temperature: A Computational Analysis Reprint request to." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 56, no. 12 (December 1, 2001): 873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2001-1214.
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Abstract A computational analysis has been carried out to determine the configurational preference of a pair of Ar-(4-n-heptyloxybenzylidine)-4-hexylaniline (70.6) molecules with respect to translatory and orien tational motions. The CNDO/2 method has been employed to evaluate the net atomic charge and atom ic dipole components at each atomic centre of the molecule. The configurational energy has been com puted using the modified Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation method. The obtained energies were used to calculate the probability of each configuration at phase transition temperature, using Maxwell-Boltz-mann's formula. The flexibility of various configurations has been studied in terms of variations of the probability due to small departures from the most probable configuration. The results are discussed in the light of experimental as well as other theoretical observations. The smectogenic character of the molecule has been correlated with the parameters introduced in this paper.
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Pothong, Witit, Phichayut Phinyo, Yuddhasert Sirirungruangsarn, Kriengkrai Nabudda, Nattamon Wongba, Chatchawarl Sarntipiphat, and Dumnoensun Pruksakorn. "Biomechanical Analysis of Sagittal Plane Pin Placement Configurations for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2021): 3447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083447.
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Anterior to posterior (AP) pinning is the recommended sagittal pin configuration in divergent lateral entry coronal pinning of pediatrics supracondylar fractures. However, there was still a lack of evidence regarding alternative sagittal pins configurations. We aimed to compare the construct stiffness of alternative sagittal pin configurations by using synthetic bone models. Sixty synthetic pediatric humeri were osteotomized to create a supracondylar fracture. After the fracture reduction, all specimens were fixed in the coronal plane with divergent lateral entry pin configurations in four different patterns in the sagittal plane: AP, crossed, divergent and parallel sagittal pin configuration. Each configuration was tested with five loading patterns. The AP sagittal pin had significantly lower construct stiffness than the divergent (p = 0.003) and the parallel sagittal pin configuration (p = 0.005) in external rotation loading tests. The divergent sagittal pin had the highest construct stiffness in extension, valgus, and external rotation loads, but the parallel sagittal pin had lower construct stiffness under extension load than the divergent and crossed sagittal pin configurations. The divergent sagittal pin configuration provides greater construct stiffness than other sagittal pin configurations due to the maximal pin spreading distance at the fracture site and the pin angle lock mechanism.
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Kuo, Chin-Hsing, and Hong-Sen Yan. "On the Mobility and Configuration Singularity of Mechanisms With Variable Topologies." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 6 (May 17, 2006): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2717230.
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The mechanisms with variable topologies (MVTs) are usually changing their topological structures in accordance with the varying mobility and quasi-singular configurations. The mobility analysis and configuration singularity of MVTs are studied via screw theory in this paper. The configurations of MVTs are formulated by a set of variable combinations of screw coordinates. For the mobility analysis, two examples provided show that the proposed approach is adoptable for dealing with common MVTs. For the configuration singularity, the concepts of stationary configuration and uncertainty configuration are utilized to demonstrate the topology varying strategy of MVTs. The result in this work provides the theoretical basis and inspiration for the configuration synthesis and analysis of mechanisms with variable topologies.
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Tavanaei, Leila, and Davood Nori-Shargh. "New Insights into the Origin of the cis-Configuration Preferences in 1,2-Dihaloethenes: The Importance of the Bonding Orbital Deviations." Australian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch17219.
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The origin of the preferences for the cis-configurations in 1,2-difluoroethene (1), 1,2-dichloroethene (2), and 1,2-dibromoethene (3) were explored by means of the G3MP2, LC-ωPBE and CCSD(T) methods with the 6–311+G** basis set on all atoms, and natural bond orbital interpretation. On the basis of the results obtained, the cis-configurations preferences decrease in going from compound 1 to compound 3. Effectively, the deletions of the hyperconjugative interactions from the Fock matrices of the cis- and trans-configurations of compound 1 lead to the increase of the trans-conformation stability (by ~6.11 kcal mol−1) compared with its corresponding cis-conformation. However, the Pauli exchange-type repulsion difference between the cis- and trans-configurations of compound 1 is in favour of the trans-configuration (by ~6.25 kcal mol−1), revealing that the stabilization energies associated with the hyperconjugative interactions do not compensate the destabilizations associated with the exchange component and dipole-dipole interactions. Importantly, the C=C bond paths in the cis-configuration of compound 1 are bent in essentially the same direction (towards the C–F bonds), leading to an increased overlap and a stronger C–C bond, whereas the C–C bond paths in the trans-configuration are bent in opposite directions. Accordingly, the co-operative stabilizations associated with the bending of the C=C bond paths (towards the C–F bonds) and total hyperconjugative generalized anomeric effect overcome the destabilizations associated with the exchange component and dipole–dipole interactions, leading to the preference of the cis-configuration in compound 1. The deletions of all the donor–acceptor electronic interactions from the Fock matrices of the cis- and trans-configurations of compounds 2 and 3 lead to the increase of the trans-conformation stabilities compared with their corresponding cis-conformations, revealing the determining impacts of the hyperconjugative interactions on the configurational preferences in compounds 2 and 3.
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Zhu, Lihua, Pengyu Guo, Chenglong Hua, and Shiyu Shan. "Seismic Performance of an Efficient Scissor-Jack-Damper Configuration." Shock and Vibration 2020 (March 16, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2403640.
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Energy-dissipating or damping systems have been widely used in new and retrofitted structures for reducing earthquake damage to structural frames. Most damping devices were installed using diagonal or chevronbrace configurations, until the development of toggle-brace and scissor-jack configurations. This paper presents a modified scissor-jack-damper configuration with substantially improved efficiency. The mechanical behavior of the efficient scissor-jack-damper configuration is analyzed theoretically, and a formula for the displacement magnification factor of the configuration is proposed. A steel-frame specimen installed with the efficient scissor-jack-damper configuration was tested to verify the accuracy of the formula. The seismic responses of an uncontrolled steel-frame structure and of two controlled structures, installed with a diagonal brace and efficient scissor-jack-damper configurations, were analyzed using SAP2000. The high efficiency of the proposed scissor-jack-damper configuration is thus verified for practical engineering situations.
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Peet, Benjamin. "Coverings of Configurations, Prime Configurations, and Orbiconfigurations." Revista Colombiana de Matemáticas 54, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/recolma.v54n2.93844.
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This exploratory paper considers the notion of a covering of a configuration and G-coverings which are coverings that are quotients under a semi-regular group action. We consider prime configurations, those which cannot G-cover other configurations, before considering orbiconfigurations. These are a generalized notion of a configuration in the spirit of an orbifold. We derive some specific results as to when configurations are prime as well as considering when an orbiconfiguration is bad - that is, when it cannot be G-covered by a configuration. A number of open questions are posited within.
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Mustapić, Nenad, Vladislav Brkić, Željko Duić, and Toni Kralj. "Thermodynamic Optimization of Advanced Organic Rankine Cycle Configurations for Geothermal Energy Applications." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 6990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196990.
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The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is commonly accepted as a viable technology to convert from low to medium temperature geothermal energy into electrical energy. In practice, the reference technology for converting geothermal energy to electricity is the subcritical simple ORC system. Over time, geothermal ORC plants with more complex configurations (architectures) have been developed. In the open literature, a large number of advanced architectures or configurations have been introduced. An analysis of the scientific literature indicates that there is some confusion regarding the terminology of certain advanced ORC system architectures. A new categorization of advanced configurations has been proposed, with a special emphasis on the application of geothermal energy. The basic division of advanced plant configurations is into dual-pressure and dual-stage ORC systems. In this study, the real potential of advanced ORC architectures or configurations to improve performance as compared with the simple ORC configuration was explored. The research was conducted for a wide range of geothermal heat source temperatures (from 120 °C to 180 °C) and working fluids. Net power output improvements as compared with the basic subcritical simple ORC (SORC) configuration were examined. The ability to produce net power with different ORC configurations depends on the magnitude of the geothermal fluid temperature and the type of working fluid. At a lower value of geothermal fluid temperature (120 °C), the most net power of 18.71 (kW/(kg/s)) was realized by the dual-pressure ORC (DP ORC configuration) with working fluid R1234yf, while the double stage serial-parallel ORC configuration with a low-temperature preheater in a high-temperature stage ORC (DS parHTS LTPH ORC) generated 18.51 (kW/(kg/s)) with the working fluid combination R1234yf/R1234yf. At 140 °C, three ORC configurations achieved similar net power values, namely the simple ORC configuration (SORC), the DP ORC configuration, and the DS parHTS LTPH ORC configuration, which generated 31.03 (kW/(kg/s)) with R1234yf, 31.07 (kW/(kg/s)) with R1234ze(E), and 30.96 (kW/(kg/s)) with R1234ze(E)/R1234yf, respectively. At higher values of geothermal fluid temperatures (160 °C and 180 °C) both the SORC and DP ORC configurations produced the highest net power values, namely 48.58 (kW/(kg/s)) with R1234ze(E), 67.23 (kW/(kg/s)) with isobutene for the SORC configuration, and 50.0 (kW/(kg/s)) with isobutane and 69.67 (kW/(kg/s)) with n-butane for the the DP ORC configuration.
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Mitchell, Herschel L., and P. L. Houtekamer. "Ensemble Kalman Filter Configurations and Their Performance with the Logistic Map." Monthly Weather Review 137, no. 12 (December 1, 2009): 4325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr2823.1.
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Abstract This paper examines ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) performance for a number of different EnKF configurations. The study is performed in a perfect-model context using the logistic map as forecast model. The focus is on EnKF performance when the ensemble is small. In accordance with theory, it is found that those configurations that maintain an appropriate ensemble spread are indeed those with the smallest ensemble mean error in a data assimilation cycle. Thus, the deficient ensemble spread produced by the single-ensemble EnKF results in increased ensemble mean error for this configuration. This problem with the conceptually simplest EnKF motivates an examination of a variety of other configurations. These include the configuration with a pair of ensembles and several configurations with overlapping ensembles, such as the four-subensemble configuration (used operationally at the Canadian Meteorological Centre) and the configuration in which observations are assimilated into each member using a gain computed from all of the other members. Also examined is a configuration that uses the jackknife estimator to obtain an estimate of the gain and an estimate of its uncertainty. Using these estimates, a different perturbed gain is then produced for each ensemble member. In general, it is found that these latter configurations outperform both the single-ensemble EnKF and the configuration with a pair of ensembles. In addition to these “stochastic” filters, the performance of a “deterministic” filter (which does not use perturbed observations) is also examined.
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Jiang, Yandan, Xuekai He, Baoliang Wang, Zhiyao Huang, and Manuchehr Soleimani. "On the Performance of a Capacitively Coupled Electrical Impedance Tomography Sensor with Different Configurations." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 5787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205787.
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Capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (CCEIT) is a new kind of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) which realizes contactless measurement by capacitive coupling and extends traditional resistance measurement to total impedance measurement. This work investigates the performance of a CCEIT sensor with three different configurations, including the unshielded configuration, the shielded configuration A (the CCEIT sensor with the external shield) and the shielded configuration B (the CCEIT sensor with both the external shield and the radial screens). The equivalent circuit models of the measurement electrode pair of the CCEIT sensor with different configurations were developed. Additionally, three CCEIT prototypes corresponding to the three configurations were developed. Both the simulation work and experiments were carried out to compare various aspects of the three CCEIT prototypes, including the sensitivity distribution, the impedance measurement and the practical imaging performance. Simulation results show that shielded configurations improve the overall average sensitivity of the sensitivity distributions. Shielded configuration A contributes to improve the uniformity of the sensitivity distributions, while shielded configuration B reduces the uniformity in most cases. Experimental results show that the shielded configurations have no significant influence on the imaging quality of the real part of impedance measurement, but do make sense in improving the imaging performance of the imaginary part and the amplitude of impedance measurement. However, configuration B (with radial screens) has no significant advantage over configuration A (without radial screens). This work provides an insight into how shielding measures influence the performance of the CCEIT sensor, in addition to playing an important role in shielding unwanted noise and disturbances. The research results can provide a useful reference for further development of CCEIT sensors.
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Liu, Rulin, Liang Fang, Yue Hao, and Yaqing Chi. "Influence of Oxygen Vacancy Density on the Polaronic Configuration in Rutile." Materials 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112156.
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Polaronic configurations that were introduced by oxygen vacancy in rutile TiO2 crystal have been studied by the DFT + U method. It is found that the building block of TiO6 will expand when extra electron is trapped in the central Ti atom as polaron. With manually adjusting the initial geometry of oxygen vacancy structure, a variety of polaronic configurations are obtained after variable-cell relaxation. By calculating different sizes of supercell model, it is found that the most stable configuration can be influenced by the density of oxygen vacancy. With increasing interaction between vacancies, the most stable polaronic configuration change from small polaronic configuration to mixed configuration.
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Miller, Danny. "Challenging trends in configuration research: Where are the configurations?" Strategic Organization 16, no. 4 (September 5, 2017): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476127017729315.
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The configuration approach to the study of organizations is enjoying increasing popularity, in part, due to the methodological advances of qualitative comparative analysis. I argue that there are significant contrasts between earlier taxonomic clustering and typology approaches to configuration and the newer ones being pursued with the qualitative comparative analysis methodology. I compare the two approaches and their application, arguing that what is missing in many studies, old and new, often due to the lack of qualitative evidence, is “configuration itself”—that is, contrasting common, thematic, and rich characterizations that provide insight into how organizations function.
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Lubis, Ravide, Bagus Sapto Mulyatno, and Karyanto Karyanto. "OPTIMALISASI DAN ANALISIS DESAIN PARAMETER SEISMIK 3D DARAT BERDASARKAN MODEL GEOLOGI LAPANGAN “RL”." Jurnal Geofisika Eksplorasi 4, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jge.v4i2.12.
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The design of 3D land seismic parameters is a preliminary step before the acquisition of 3D land seismic data to obtain seismic data quality and efficient survey budget. The objective of this research is to obtain high quality of 3D land seismic data based on fold coverage spread on each target layer. The method used is based on the principle of wave propagation or ray tracing method on each target layer, wherein each wave reflection point (bin) will have a different value of fold so that the required configuration of the stretch that will result in the optimal spread of the fold. The applied stretch configurations are orthogonal, brick, zig-zag and slanted where each stretch configuration uses two types of templates that is narrow and wide azimuth. From the simulation analysis results of several stretch configurations in the survey area, then the optimal stretch configuration will be obtained in the survey area. The stretch configuration will be applied is the configuration of orthogonal stretch with narrow azimuth type template. Consideration of the selection of this stretch configuration because it has a more evenly folding effect on the target layer than with other stretch configurations. Furthermore, to obtain the configuration of the appropriate stretch of field conditions, the source point is moved outside the obstacle zone so that the quality of seismic data is maintained.
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Borg, Ingwer, and Patrick Mair. "A Note on Procrustean Fittings of Noisy Configurations." Austrian Journal of Statistics 51, no. 4 (August 26, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v51i4.1423.
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When comparing two or more multidimensional scaling (MDS) configurations, one usually first eliminates meaningless differences by Procrustean transformations. Such fittings lead to a number of unresolved issues such as the typical shrinkage of the fitted configuration relative to the target or how to interpret major similarity measures under various conditions of noise in the data. We here prove that the shrinkage ratio is equivalent to the correlation of the coordinates of the target and the fitted configuration. Thus, in real-life applications, the fitted configuration is always smaller than the target configuration. Both coefficients approach 0 as the noise level goes up. The congruence coefficient of the configurations' distances, in contrast, remains at a high level even in case of pure noise, falsely suggesting that the configurations are somewhat similar. This is important information for the user of Procrustean analyses.
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van Dommelen, Jorrit, and Roelof Vos. "Conceptual design and analysis of blended-wing-body aircraft." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 228, no. 13 (January 29, 2014): 2452–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410013518696.
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Due to the unconventional nature of the blended wing body (BWB) no off-the-shelf software package exists for its conceptual design. This study details a first step towards the implementation of traditional and BWB-specific design and analysis methods into a software tool to enable preliminary sizing of a BWB. The tool is able to generate and analyze different BWB configurations on a conceptual level. This paper investigates three different BWB configurations. The first configuration is an aft-swept BWB with aft-mounted engines, the second configuration is an aft-swept BWB with wing-mounted engines and the third configuration is a forward-swept BWB with wing-mounted engines. These aircraft comply with the same set of top-level requirements and airworthiness requirements. Each of the designs has been optimized for maximum harmonic range, while keeping its maximum take-off weight constant and identical. Results show that the forward-swept configuration with wing-mounted engines has the highest harmonic range. These findings warrant further investigation in this configuration and other alternative BWB configurations.
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Akcayoglu, Azize, Halil Cebeci, and Celal Nazli. "Thermo-Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of Inclined Vortex Generators." Advanced Materials Research 853 (December 2013): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.317.
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In the present study, a commercial finite volume package ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 has been used to determine thermo-hydraulic performance of two different vortex generator (VG) configurations, namely, flow-up and flow-down, located in triangular ducts. A comprehensive literature survey on flow-up and flow-down configurations has shown that there are completely opposite results obtained in terms of performance of the two configurations. In some studies, flow-up configuration showed better performance characteristics over flow-down configuration while in other studies flow-down configuration was found better. This has been motivated the present authors to make a study covering the two VG configurations to find out which one has a better performance over the other one. Therefore flow and thermal fields together with the secondary flow induced by the two VG configurations have been analyzed extensively. The geometry comprised of double row of VGs located on the slant surfaces of equilateral triangular ducts. The angle of inclination of the VGs made with the flow direction is 30°. The results show that flow-down configuration has a 40.65% higher thermo-hydraulic performance over the flow-up configuration for Re=5000. It is also shown that the heat is transferred at a further downstream distance allowing in a reduction in the number of VGs to be used in of flow down case.
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Cutting, E. D., M. P. F. Sutcliffe, S. J. Langley-Hobbs, and A. M. Wallace. "A biomechanical comparison of six different double loop configurations for use in the lateral fabella suture technique." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 21, no. 05 (2008): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-07-10-0095.
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SummarySix different double loop configurations which could be applied to the lateral fabella suture (LFS) technique were subjected to in vitro mechanical testing. Three double loop, single strand and three double loop, double strand configurations were tested. The strongest configuration, with a significantly higher mean ultimate load and load at yield, was the interlocking loop configuration. This is a novel configuration which has not previously been reported. The three double loop, single strand configurations all had higher mean ultimate loads than the double loop, double strand configurations. The double strand group with uneven loop length performed very poorly, with significantly lower mean stiffness and ultimate load than all of the single strand groups. This group also developed unacceptably high levels of elongation during high level cyclic loading.
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Rodríguez-Sevillano, Ángel Antonio, Miguel Ángel Barcala-Montejano, Rafael Bardera-Mora, Adelaida García-Magariño García, María Elena Rodríguez-Rojo, Sara Morales-Serrano, and Jaime Fernández-Antón. "Selection Criteria for Biplane Wing Geometries by Means of 2D Wind Tunnel Tests." Applied Mechanics 3, no. 2 (May 16, 2022): 628–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmech3020037.
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This paper presents a study based on wind tunnel research on biplane configurations. The objective of this research is to establish an experimental basis for relationships between the main geometrical parameters that define a biplane configuration (stagger, decalage, gap, and sweep angle) and the aerodynamic characteristics (CL, CD). This experimental study focuses on a 2D approach. This method is the first step towards dealing with the issue, and it allows the variables involved in the tests to be reduced. The biplane configuration has been compared with the monoplane configuration to analyze the viability for implementing the biplane configuration in the field of application for micro air vehicles (MAV). At present, the biplane and other unusual configurations have not been a common design for MAV; however, they do have unlimited future potential. A set of experimental tests were carried out on various biplane configurations at low Reynolds numbers, which allowed the criteria for selecting the best wing configuration to be defined. The results obtained here show that the biplane configuration provides a higher maximum lift coefficient (CLmax) than the planar wing (monoplane). Furthermore, it has a larger wetted surface than the planar configuration, so the parasitic drag increases for the biplane configuration. This research is focused on a drone flight regime (low Reynolds number), and in this case, the parasitic drag (profile drag) has an important role in the total drag of the airplane. This study considers whether the reduction in the induced drag due to three–dimensional configuration (biplanes, box–wings, and joined–wings) can reduce the total drag or if the increase in the parasitic drag is bigger. Additionally, the increase in lift and the decrease in parasitic drag (profile drag) will be studied to determine if they have a greater influence on the performance of the airplane than the increase in structural weight. Further research is planned to be performed on 3D prototypes, with the selected configurations, and applied to nonconventional wing planforms.
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Li, Yanan, Honggen Xiao, Naipeng Bu, Jianji Luo, Hui Xia, Liyuan Kong, and Haoyue Yu. "Configuration-Based Promotion: A New Approach to Destination Image Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 12174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112174.
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The assessment of tourist destination images should not only be the arrangement of multiple influencing factors. This study explores the complex causal relationship for tourist destination images based on a configuration perspective to enhance the overall tourism image using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method. The configurational paths for promoting tourism image can be categorized into two types and nine configurations in Shandong Province. Therefore, this study recommends augmenting the tourism image of the entire region with the logical thinking of “segmentation–integration” and “enhancing strengths–supplementing weakness” and finally realizing a sustainable tourist destination image.
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Boumehdi, Ahmed, and Abdellah Yousfi. "Comparison of New Approaches of Semi-syllable Units for Speech Recognition of Any Arabic Word." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2337, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2337/1/012002.
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Abstract This study uses the same semi-syllable units already defined in our previous work; a semi-syllable is a simple Arabic letter followed by its diacritic information. This work experiment with three configurations. In the first configuration, we redefine the “السكون” (Soukoun is an Arabic diacritical sign representing the absence of a vowel) as a new independent phonemes that is different from the consonant itself. In the second configuration, we also redefine the geminated consonant with a new independent phoneme. In the last configuration, we combined the first two experiments. The results proved that the three configurations gave better results compared to regular semi-syllables, and the highest recognition rate was achieved on the third configuration.
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Lee, Seung-Min, Seung-Hoon Park, Yong-Sung Jang, and Eui-Jong Kim. "Proposition of Design Capacity of Borehole Heat Exchangers for Use in the Schematic-Design Stage." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040822.
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This study proposes a simple ground heat exchanger design capacity that is applicable in the schematic-design stage for several configurations used for borehole heat exchangers (BHEs). Three configurations—single, compact, and irregular types—were selected, and the heat transfer rate per unit BHE was calculated considering heat interference. In a case study with a typical configuration and general range of ground thermal conductivity, the BHE heat transfer rate of the compact configuration decreased owing to heat interference as the number of BHEs increased. However, with respect to the irregular configuration, the heat transfer rate increased as the same number increased. This was attributed to the relatively large increment rate of the distance between the boreholes in the irregular configurations, making the heat recovery factor more dominant than the heat interference. The results show that the average heat transfer rate values per BHE applicable to each configuration type in the schematic-design stage were 12.1 kW for the single configuration, 5.8 kW for the compact type, and 10.3 kW for the irregular configuration. However, owing to the large range of results for each case study, the error needs to be reduced by maximally utilizing the information available at the schematic-design stage.
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Burneika, Linas. "Managing Changes in Product Configurations." Solid State Phenomena 144 (September 2008): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.144.208.
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In modern engineering environment all information about product is stored in the PDM (Product Data Management) system. These systems allow enumerated configurations of product by using mechanisms of BOM or versioning. However problems arise when product has a large number of configurations that are updated frequently. This is common situation in market of consumer goods. In the present paper this issue is addressed by extending an engineering configuration concept. An initial idea of engineering configurator is to have a product defined by generic BOM with all possible components. The BOM also includes a set of constrains, that define valid combinations of components. However it is difficult to maintain such generic BOM. This paper proposes an idea of BOM decomposition into simple and manageable units belonging to single product space. Decomposition is also performed in the domain of constrains. Configuration problem is split into independent sub-problems, which could be delegated to different engineers to work on, or to do maintenance. The resultant structure is easy to comprehend for engineer, because it follows a natural way of thinking during product design. Therefore, changes in configurations could be done much faster, less time is spend for verifications.
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Borg, Ingwer, and Patrick Mair. "The Choice of Initial Configurations in Multidimensional Scaling: Local Minima, Fit, and Interpretability." Austrian Journal of Statistics 46, no. 2 (January 4, 2017): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v46i2.561.
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Multidimensional scaling (MDS) algorithms can easily end up in local minima, depending on the starting configuration. This is particularly true for 2-dimensional ordinal MDS. A simulation study shows that there can be many local minima that all have an excellent model fit (i.e., small Stress) even if they do not recover a known latent configuration very well, and even if they differ substantially among each other. MDS programs give the user only one supposedly Stress-optimal solution. We here present a procedure for analyzing all MDS solutions resulting from using a variety of different starting configurations. The solutions are compared in terms of fit and configurational similarity. This allows the MDS user to identify different types of solutions with acceptable Stress, if they exist, and then pick the one that is best interpretable.
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Ali, Atif, Yaser Hafeez, Sadia Ali, Shariq Hussain, Shunkun Yang, Arif Jamal Malik, and Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi. "A Data Mining Technique to Improve Configuration Prioritization Framework for Component-Based Systems: An Empirical Study." Information Technology and Control 50, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 424–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.50.3.27622.
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Department of Software Engineering, In the current application development strategies, families of productsare developed with personalized configurations to increase stakeholders’ satisfaction. Product lines have theability to address several requirements due to their reusability and configuration properties. The structuringand prioritizing of configuration requirements facilitate the development processes, whereas it increases theconflicts and inadequacies. This increases human effort, reducing user satisfaction, and failing to accommodatea continuous evolution in configuration requirements. To address these challenges, we propose a framework formanaging the prioritization process considering heterogeneous stakeholders priority semantically. Featuresare analyzed, and mined configuration priority using the data mining method based on frequently accessed andchanged configurations. Firstly, priority is identified based on heterogeneous stakeholder’s perspectives usingthree factors functional, experiential, and expressive values. Secondly, the mined configuration is based on frequentlyaccessed or changed configuration frequency to identify the new priority for reducing failures or errorsamong configuration interaction. We evaluated the performance of the proposed framework with the help ofan experimental study and by comparing it with analytical hierarchical prioritization (AHP) and Clustering.The results indicate a significant increase (more than 90 percent) in the precision and the recall value of theproposed framework, for all selected cases.
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Wang, Hejian, Bo Liu, Xiaochen Mao, Botao Zhang, and Zonghao Yang. "Combined Flow Control Strategy Investigation for Corner Separation and Mid-Span Boundary Layer Separation in a High-Turning Compressor Cascade." Entropy 24, no. 5 (April 19, 2022): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24050570.
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To comprehensively control the corner separation and mid-span boundary layer (BL) separation, this study proposed and evaluated two new flow control configurations. One is a slotted configuration composed of blade-end and whole-span slots, and the other is a combined configuration with end-wall BL suction and whole-span slot. Additionally, the adaptability of the combined configuration to the lower blade solidity (c/t) condition was verified. The results indicate that both the slotted configuration and combined configuration can eliminate the mid-span BL separation, but a better reduction in the corner separation can be observed in the combined configuration. The two configurations can remove the concentrated shedding vortex and reduce the passage vortex (PV) for the datum cascade, but the wall vortex (WV) will be generated. By contrast, the combined configuration has weaker WV and PV than the slotted configuration, which contributes to further reducing the corner separation. In the combined configuration with a c/t of 1.66 and 1.36, the total pressure loss is reduced by 38.4% and 42.1%, respectively, on average, while the averaged static pressure rise coefficient is increased by 16.2% and 17.6%, respectively. This is advantageous for enhancing the working stability and pressure diffusion capacity for compressors. Besides this, the combined configuration with lower c/t can achieve a stronger pressure diffusion capacity and smaller loss than the higher c/t datum cascade. Therefore, the combined configuration is advantageous to the improvement of the aero-engine thrust-to-weight ratio through decreasing the compressor single-stage blade number.
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Tiziani, Simon, Georg Osterhoff, Stephen J. Ferguson, Gregor Spreiter, Max J. Scheyerer, Gian-Leza Spinas, Guido A. Wanner, Hans-Peter Simmen, and Clément M. L. Werner. "Biomechanical Comparison of Different External Fixation Configurations for Posttraumatic Pelvic Ring Instability." Advances in Orthopedic Surgery 2014 (February 2, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/360165.
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Background. External fixation is useful in the primary treatment of pelvic ring injuries. The present study compared the biomechanical stability of five different configurations of an external pelvic ring fixation system. Methods. Five configurations of an anterior external pelvic ring fixation system were tested using a universal testing machine. One single connecting rod was used in group “SINGLE,” two parallel connecting rods in group “DOUBLE,” two and four rods, respectively, in a tent-like configuration in groups “SINGLE TENT” and “DOUBLE TENT,” and a rhomboid-like configuration in group “RHOMBOID.” Each specimen was subjected to a total of 2000 consecutive cyclic loadings at 1 Hz lateral compression/distraction (±50 N) and torque (±0.5 Nm) loading alternating every 200 cycles. Translational and rotational stiffness were determined at 100, 300, 500, 700, and 900 cycles. Results. The “SINGLE TENT” and “RHOMBOID” configurations already failed with a preloading of 50 N compression force. The “DOUBLE” configuration had around twice the translational stability compared with the “SINGLE” and “DOUBLE TENT” configurations. Rotational stiffness observed for the “DOUBLE” and “DOUBLE TENT” configurations was about 50% higher compared to the SINGLE configuration. Conclusion. Using two parallel connecting rods provides the highest translational and rotational stability.
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Jalaluddin, Akio Miyara, Rustan Tarakka, and Muhammad Anis Ilahi Ramadhani. "Experimental Performance Analysis of Shallow Spiral-tube Ground Heat Exchangers in Series and Parallel Configurations." E3S Web of Conferences 130 (2019): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001017.
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Ground source cooling system (GSCS) uses a ground heat exchanger (GHE) for exchanging heat with the ground. A spiral-tube GHE is gaining interest in recent year. This study presents an experimental analysis of thermal performance of shallow spiral-tube ground heat exchanger (GHE) installed in the ground at 3 m depth in series and parallel configurations. These GHE configurations offer a compromise between the conventional vertical and horizontal GHEs. The spiral-tube GHE which is consist of spiral pipe installed in the borehole provides a better performance in application of GSCS. The thermal performances ofspiraltube GHE in series and parallel configurations were investigated under actual condition. Inlet and outlet temperatures of the both configurations were measured and periodically recorded. The average heat exchange rates of the GHEs are 122.4 W m –1 in parallel configuration and 86.2 W m –1in series configuration. Heat exchange rate of the spiral-tube GHEs in parallel configuration provides a better performance than that of in series configuration. The spiral-tube GHE in shallow depth can be applied in the GSCS.
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Clark, Adam J., William A. Gallus, and Tsing-Chang Chen. "Comparison of the Diurnal Precipitation Cycle in Convection-Resolving and Non-Convection-Resolving Mesoscale Models." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 3456–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3467.1.
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Abstract The diurnal cycles of rainfall in 5-km grid-spacing convection-resolving and 22-km grid-spacing non-convection-resolving configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are compared to see if significant improvements can be obtained by using fine enough grid spacing to explicitly resolve convection. Diurnally averaged Hovmöller diagrams, spatial correlation coefficients computed in Hovmöller space, equitable threat scores (ETSs), and biases for forecasts conducted from 1 April to 25 July 2005 over a large portion of the central United States are used for the comparisons. A subjective comparison using Hovmöller diagrams of diurnally averaged rainfall show that the diurnal cycle representation in the 5-km configuration is clearly superior to that in the 22-km configuration during forecast hours 24–48. The superiority of the 5-km configuration is validated by much higher spatial correlation coefficients than in the 22-km configuration. During the first 24 forecast hours the 5-km model forecasts appear to be more adversely affected by model “spinup” processes than the 22-km model forecasts, and it is less clear, subjectively, which configuration has the better diurnal cycle representation, although spatial correlation coefficients are slightly higher in the 22-km configuration. ETSs in both configurations have diurnal oscillations with relative maxima occurring in both configurations at forecast hours corresponding to 0000–0300 LST, while biases also have diurnal oscillations with relative maxima (largest errors) in the 22-km (5-km) configuration occurring at forecast hours corresponding to 1200 (1800) LST. At all forecast hours, ETSs from the 22-km configuration are higher than those in the 5-km configuration. This inconsistency with some of the results obtained using the aforementioned spatial correlation coefficients reinforces discussion in past literature that cautions against using “traditional” verification statistics, such as ETS, to compare high- to low-resolution forecasts.
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Murdoch, Tim, and Nigel Ball. "Machine learning in configuration design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 10, no. 2 (April 1996): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400001347.
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AbstractNew methods of configuration analysis have recently emerged that are based on development trends characteristic of many technical systems. It has been found that though the development of any system aims to increase a combination of the performance, reliability and economy, actual design changes are frequently kept to a minimum to reduce the risk of failure. However, a strategy of risk reduction commits the designer to an existing configuration and an approved set of components and materials. Therefore, it is important to analyze the configurations, components, and materials of past designs so that good aspects may be reused and poor ones changed. A good configuration produces the required performance and reliability with maximum economy. These three evaluation criteria form the core of a configuration optimization tool called KATE, where known configurations are optimized producing a set of ranked trial solutions. The authors suggest that this solution set contains valuable design knowledge that can be reused. This paper briefly introduces a generic method of configuration evaluation and then describes the use of a self-organizing neural network, the Kohonen Feature Map, to analyze solution sets by performing an initial data reduction step, producing archetype solutions, and supporting qualitative clustering.