Journal articles: 'Dytiscid beetles'

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Lundkvist, E., J. Landin, M. Jackson, and C. Svensson. "Diving beetles (Dytiscidae) as predators of mosquito larvae (Culicidae) in field experiments and in laboratory tests of prey preference." Bulletin of Entomological Research 93, no. 3 (June 2003): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2003237.

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AbstractField experiments were performed in artificial ponds to evaluate how the density of predatory diving beetles (Dytiscidae) would affect the population levels of mosquito larvae (Culicidae). Mosquitoes colonizing the ponds were predominantly species of the genus Culex. In 2000, most of the dytiscids colonizing the ponds were small (Hydroporus spp.), and these predators had no impact on the size of larval mosquito populations, not even in ponds with added dytiscids. In 2001, larger beetles (Ilybius, Rhantus, and Agabus spp.) were more common, and there were significantly fewer mosquito larvae in ponds with the highest numbers of dytiscids. There was a negative correlation between numbers of diving beetles in the ponds and the mean body length of mosquito larvae. In neither year could dytiscid densities be maintained above a certain level owing to emigration. In laboratory tests, there were marked differences between three common dytiscid species in regard to preferences for Daphnia and Culex species as prey: Colymbetes paykulli Erichson chose mosquito larvae more often, whereas both Ilybius ater (De Geer) and I. fuliginosus (Fabricius) preferred Daphnia spp. All of the tested dytiscids consumed large numbers of prey. Since some dytiscid species can efficiently decrease populations of mosquito larvae, they are probably important in the natural control of these dipterans.

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Enkhnasan, Davaadorj, and Bazartseren Boldgiv. "Biogeography of predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) of Mongolia." ZooKeys 853 (June 6, 2019): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.853.33908.

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The bio-geographical composition and spatial distribution patterns of dytiscid assemblages in Mongolia are relatively unexplored. In this study, we compiled a list of 99 dytiscid species belonging to 20 genera and five subfamilies recorded in Mongolia and investigated species richness, spatial distribution and bio-geographical composition of the Mongolian dytiscid fauna. This study encompasses the information of currently recorded species and their geographic localities in Mongolia based on our own data and literature sources. We examined how dytiscid species richness was related to sub-basins of surface water network, as well as to geographical elevations within Mongolia. The majority of the Mongolian dytiscid fauna was associated with the sub-basins belonging to Arctic Ocean (80 species, 80.8%) and Central Asian Inland (60 species, 60.6%) basins. Only a few species of dytiscids belonged to the remaining river basins. Species richness of dytiscids and total area of sub-basins were not correlated, but species composition of dytiscids differed significantly among the sub-basins. We observed that most of the species (77 species or 77.8% of total fauna) were recorded in a wide range of elevations and mid-altitudes (1000–2000 m a.s.l.) and showed the greatest diversity of dytiscids. Regarding the bio-geographical composition, species with wide geographical distributions (27.3% of dytiscids), were Palearctic species, while species of Arctic origin (21.2%) together with Boreal elements (16.2%) comprised a large proportion of the dytiscid fauna in Mongolia.

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Aiken, R. B., and C. W. Wilkinson. "Bionomics of Dytiscus alaskanus J. Balfour-Browne (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in a central Alberta lake." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 1316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-198.

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There are few studies of life history and population growth of large dytiscid beetles in North America. We sampled populations of Dytiscus alaskanus in a eutrophic lake in north central Alberta weekly in the summers of 1982 and 1983. Like many other temperate zone dytiscids, D. alaskanus has a univoltine life cycle. Dytiscus alaskanus prefers the area at the limit of emergent vegetation in the lake and is most often associated with shoreline vegetation of cattail and sedge. Populations of adult D. alaskanus are at a peak in the late spring and decline throughout the summer. Mark–recapture experiments allowed determination of total population size and monitoring of movement patterns in the lake. Data are discussed with reference to the relatively short summer with which these beetles must cope.

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Wang, Liang-Jong, Lars Hendrich, and Michael Balke. "First records of the diving beetles Hydrovatus subrotundatus Motschulsky, 1859 and Hydrovatus pudicus (Clark, 1863) in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydrovatini)." Check List 17, no. 5 (September 20, 2021): 1295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/17.5.1295.

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We provide the first records of the diving beetles Hydrovatus subrotundatus Motschulsky, 1859 and Hydrovatus pudicus (Clark, 1863) from Taiwan. They are otherwise widespread in Southeast Asia. The habitats of both species and the associated diving beetle fauna are briefly described. Altogether eight species of the genus Hydrovatus are now recorded from Taiwan, raising the number of Taiwanese dytiscid species to 68.

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Tierney, Simon M., Steven J. B. Cooper, Kathleen M. Saint, Terry Bertozzi, Josephine Hyde, William F. Humphreys, and Andrew D. Austin. "Opsin transcripts of predatory diving beetles: a comparison of surface and subterranean photic niches." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 1 (January 2015): 140386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140386.

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The regressive evolution of eyes has long intrigued biologists yet the genetic underpinnings remain opaque. A system of discrete aquifers in arid Australia provides a powerful comparative means to explore trait regression at the genomic level. Multiple surface ancestors from two tribes of diving beetles (Dytiscidae) repeatedly invaded these calcrete aquifers and convergently evolved eye-less phenotypes. We use this system to assess transcription of opsin photoreceptor genes among the transcriptomes of two surface and three subterranean dytiscid species and test whether these genes have evolved under neutral predictions. Transcripts for UV , long-wavelength and ciliary-type opsins were identified from the surface beetle transcriptomes. Two subterranean beetles showed parallel loss of all opsin transcription, as expected under ‘neutral’ regressive evolution. The third species Limbodessus palmulaoides retained transcription of a long-wavelength opsin ( lwop ) orthologue, albeit in an aphotic environment. Tests of selection on lwop indicated no significant differences between transcripts derived from surface and subterranean habitats, with strong evidence for purifying selection acting on L. palmulaoides lwop . Retention of sequence integrity and the lack of evidence for neutral evolution raise the question of whether we have identified a novel pleiotropic role for lwop , or an incipient phase of pseudogene development.

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Sheth, Sayali D., Anand D. Padhye, and Hemant V. Ghate. "Factors affecting aquatic beetle communities of Northern Western Ghats of India (Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera)." Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology 55 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/limn/2018030.

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We studied faunistic and ecological factors influencing distributions of aquatic beetles in the Northern Western Ghats (NWG) of India. In the period 2013–2017, we collected 213 samples from 105 localities within the area and obtained 66 species, the majority of which belong to Dytiscidae. Relative occurrence based on incidence data revealed that dytiscid water beetleLaccophilus inefficiensas the most widespread species. Non-parametric richness estimators Chao2, Jackknife1 and Bootstrap showed that 70–80% of the fauna was covered in the sampling efforts from different types of freshwater habitats. Sample-based rarefaction suggested that more sampling efforts within the region can yield additional species. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that altitude, salinity, hydroperiod and depth influenced the distribution of aquatic beetles. Further, CCA also revealed habitat preference and co-occurrence of various aquatic beetle species. For instance, while co-occurring species under Laccophilinae and Hydroporinae were eurytopic, other co-occurring speciesClypeodytes hemani,Microdytes sabitaeandLacconectus lambaiwere restricted to temporary habitats. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) showed a strong association between altitudinal classes and species distribution where many species were restricted within a particular altitudinal gradient. For example,M. sabitae,C. hemani,Hygrotus nilghiricus,L. lambaiandRhantus taprobanicuswith classes 900–1199 and 1200–1499 whileHyphydrus flavicans,Laccophilus ceylonicus,Lacconectus andrewesi,Sternolophus inconspicuusandCanthydrus laetabiliswith the class 300–599. The present work on aquatic beetles is the first attempt to study the influence of environmental factors on species diversity and distribution in the Northern Western Ghats of India.

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Liao, Wenfei, Stephen Venn, and Jari Niemelä. "Diving beetle (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) community dissimilarity reveals how low landscape connectivity restricts the ecological value of urban ponds." Landscape Ecology 37, no. 4 (February 12, 2022): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01413-z.

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Abstract Context Structural and functional connectivity, as subconcepts of landscape connectivity, are key factors in biodiversity conservation and management. Previous studies have focused on the consequences of connectivity for populations of terrestrial organisms, which may not be appropriate for aquatic organisms. Objectives As landscape connectivity critically affects the potential value of ponds for biodiversity, here we used diving beetles (Dytiscidae), an indicator taxon of wetland biodiversity, to investigate how structural connectivity affects functional connectivity to aquatic invertebrates in an urban landscape. Methods We assessed pairwise similarities of dytiscid community, i.e. the variation of species composition between clustered and isolated ponds in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. We investigated how dytiscid community similarity is affected by Euclidean distances between ponds, as an indicator of structural connectivity. Results We found that clustered ponds shared more species than isolated ponds. Dytiscid species community similarity responded negatively to increasing Euclidean distance between ponds. Effectively dispersing species were widely distributed across the landscape, while poor dispersers were scarcely distributed in the same landscape. Conclusions Structural connectivity determines which species are able to disperse successfully, with poor dispersers restricted to well-connected ponds. The different responses of effective dispersers and poor dispersers to the same structural connectivity indicate that functional connectivity determines species composition. We recommend providing well-connected aquatic habitats in urban landscapes and the implementation of measures to reduce isolation of wetland assemblages. Even clustered ponds need dispersal from other habitats to ensure their contribution to urban biodiversity.

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Hyde, Josephine, Steven J. B. Cooper, Pablo Munguia, William F. Humphreys, and Andrew D. Austin. "The first complete mitochondrial genomes of subterranean dytiscid diving beetles (Limbodessus and Paroster) from calcrete aquifers of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 5 (2017): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo17076.

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Comparative analyses of mitochondrial (mt) genomes may provide insights into the genetic changes, associated with metabolism, that occur when surface species adapt to living in underground habitats. Such analyses require comparisons among multiple independently evolved subterranean species, with the dytiscid beetle fauna from the calcrete archipelago of central Western Australia providing an outstanding model system to do this. Here, we present the first whole mt genomes from four subterranean dytiscid beetle species of the genera Limbodessus (L. palmulaoides) and Paroster (P. macrosturtensis, P. mesosturtensis and P. microsturtensis) and compare genome sequences with those from surface dytiscid species. The mt genomes were sequenced using a next-generation sequencing approach employing the Illumina Miseq system and assembled de novo. All four mt genomes are circular, ranging in size from 16 504 to 16 868 bp, and encode 37 genes and a control region. The overall structure (gene number, orientation and order) of the mt genomes is the same as that found in eight sequenced surface species, but with genome size variation resulting from length variation of intergenic regions and the control region . Our results provide a basis for future investigations of adaptive evolutionary changes that may occur in mt genes when species move underground.

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Wohlfahrt, B., and S. Vamosi. "Predation and habitat isolation influence the community composition-area relationship in dytiscid beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Community Ecology 13, no. 1 (June 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/comec.13.2012.1.1.

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Cooper, Steven J. B., Kathleen M. Saint, Stefano Taiti, Andrew D. Austin, and William F. Humphreys. "Subterranean archipelago: mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of stygobitic isopods (Oniscidea:Haloniscus) from the Yilgarn region of Western Australia." Invertebrate Systematics 22, no. 2 (2008): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is07039.

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The arid Yilgarn region of Western Australia contains numerous isolated calcrete aquifers, within which a diverse subterranean fauna has been discovered. Genetic and morphological studies of subterranean dytiscid beetles and amphipods have suggested that individual calcretes are equivalent to closed island habitats, which have been isolated for millions of years. Here we test this ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis further by phylogeographic analyses of subterranean oniscidean isopods (Haloniscus), using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data derived from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses provided evidence for significant phylogeographic structuring of isopod populations, with evidence for at least 24 divergent mtDNA lineages, each restricted in their distribution to a single calcrete aquifer. The high level of divergence among calcrete populations (generally >25%) and several mtDNA lineages within calcretes (>16%) suggests that each lineage is likely to represent a distinct species. These analyses, together with comparative phylogeographic data from dytiscid beetles and amphipods, provide strong support for the ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis, applying to both air-breathing and fully aquatic arthropod groups. The finding of several epigean lineages that grouped with stygobitic Haloniscus populations, and the overall phylogeographic structure of populations, suggests that the majority of stygobitic species evolved within individual calcretes following independent colonisation by epigean ancestors.

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Dallai, R., and B. A. Afzelius. "Membrane specializations in the paired spermatozoa of dytiscid water beetles." Tissue and Cell 17, no. 4 (1985): 561–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-8166(85)90032-1.

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Michat, Mariano C., Yves Alarie, Patricia L. M. Torres, and Yoandri S. Megna. "Larval morphology of the diving beetle Celina and the phylogeny of ancestral hydroporines (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae:Hydroporinae)." Invertebrate Systematics 21, no. 3 (2007): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is06037.

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Phylogenetic relationships within diving beetles (Dytiscidae) are imperfectly known. In particular, some authors have considered that the tribe Methlini is included in the subfamily Hydroporinae (a large group including about half of the dytiscid species worldwide), whereas others have argued in favour of excluding Methlini from the Hydroporinae and giving it subfamilial rank. Larval characters have been underutilised in phylogenetic studies, mainly because the larvae of many taxa within the family are still unknown. The larval morphology of the dytiscid tribe Methlini, in particular, remains poorly known. In this study, the phylogenetic relationships among ancestral lineages of the Hydroporinae are investigated based on a cladistic analysis of 34 taxa and 127 morphological larval characters. For this purpose, larvae of the Methlini (Celina parallela (Babington, 1841)) and C. imitatrix Young, 1979) are described and illustrated in detail for the first time, with particular emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy. The results show high support for a monophyletic origin of the Hydroporinae, including Methlini, based on eight unique character states. Giving Methlini subfamily rank would leave Hydroporinae with a single unique larval apomorphy. This supports the inclusion of Methlini as a tribe of Hydroporinae. Other interesting but less well supported results include: 1, the clade Laccornini + Hydrovatini + Canthyporus Zimmermann, 1919 (Hydroporini) resolved as the sister-group to the other Hydroporinae minus Methlini; and 2, Hydrovatini and Canthyporus resolved as sister-groups. The presence of a galea, albeit in a reduced form, in larvae of Methlini, Laccornini and Hydrovatini is of the utmost interest. The putative hypothesis of an ancestral position for these genera within Hydroporinae suggests that hydroporines lost the galea secondarily.

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Balfour-Browne, Frank. "A study of the metathorax and its principal muscles in Dytiscid beetles." Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series A, General Entomology 42, no. 10-12 (April 2, 2009): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1967.tb00807.x.

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Juliano, Steven A., and John H. Lawton. "The Relationship Between Competition and Morphology. II. Experiments on Co-Occurring Dytiscid Beetles." Journal of Animal Ecology 59, no. 3 (October 1990): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/5017.

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Mortazavi, Abdolazim, Hamidreza Hajiqanbar, and Evert E. Lindquist. "A new family of mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Raphignathina), highly specialized subelytral parasites of dytiscid water beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae)." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184, no. 3 (March 28, 2018): 695–749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx113.

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Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra, and Johannes Bergsten. "Discovery of a specialist Copelatinae fauna on Madagascar: highly ephemeral tropical forest floor depressions as an overlooked habitat for diving beetles (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)." ZooKeys 871 (August 12, 2019): 89–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36337.

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Diving beetles are generally aquatic and live submerged in water during larval and adult stages. A few groups have colonised hygropetric habitats and fewer species still can possibly be referred to as terrestrial. Here we describe six new Copelatine species that were mainly found in dry shallow forest floor depressions in the eastern and northeastern lowland humid forests of Madagascar. Three new species are described in each of the two genera Copelatus and Madaglymbus: Copelatus amphibiussp. nov., Copelatus betamponasp. nov., Copelatus zanatanensissp. nov., Madaglymbus kelimasosp. nov., Madaglymbus menalambasp. nov., and Madaglymbus semifactussp. nov. Diagnosis, description, known distribution, ecology, and conservation notes are provided for each species. All species are illustrated with a dorsal habitus image, ventral and lateral views of the male penis, and parameres. Photographs of the unusual terrestrial habitats where the species were found are provided. Madaglymbus menalambasp. nov. is also documented with macrophotos and videorecordings of the terrestrial locomotion and behaviour in the field. Although these species should not be classified as terrestrial, or even semi-terrestrial Dytiscidae, they seem to be specialists of very ephemeral aquatic habitats and stay put instead of disperse when the habitat dries up. It is hypothesised that this lifestyle and behaviour on Madagascar is restricted to the high-precipitation humid forest regions mainly in the east. It may also represent a transition step, or stepping-stone, towards becoming fully terrestrial, a step that the few known terrestrial Dytiscid taxa once passed through. It is very likely that this type of habitat is overlooked for aquatic beetles, not only in Madagascar, and the six species herein described may be just the “tip of the iceberg”.

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Juliano, Steven A., and John H. Lawton. "The Relationship Between Competition and Morphology. I. Morphological Patterns Among Co-Occurring Dytiscid Beetles." Journal of Animal Ecology 59, no. 2 (June 1990): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4871.

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Knoblauch, Aline, and Antoine Gander. "Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland." Alpine Entomology 3 (April 18, 2019): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417.

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Currently, the distribution of diving beetles in Switzerland is poorly known making it difficult to determine conservation priorities for species with small and/or declining populations. In order to establish conservation priorities, in 2018, we surveyed diving beetles of the genusGraphoderusin the Grande Cariçaie reserves with special consideration for the Red ListedG.bilineatus. WhileG.bilineatusandG.cinereusshowed high habitat niche overlap, the distribution ofG.bilineatuswas limited to mainly one of the eight reserves. When comparing our results to available historical data, the habitat ofG.bilineatushas likely diminished during the last 40 years. Our study provides the first comprehensive documentation of the distribution ofGraphoderusspecies in the Grande Cariçaie. We further highlight the importance for improving the knowledge ofG.bilineatusdistribution in Switzerland to develop policy for conservation of this globally threatened species.

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Tronstad, Lusha M., Kelsey M. Brown, and Mark D. Andersen. "Using Species Distribution Models to Guide Field Surveys for an Apparently Rare Aquatic Beetle." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 9, no. 1 (January 29, 2018): 330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/112016-jfwm-085.

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Abstract Surveying for rare animals can be difficult but using models to predict suitable habitat can guide sampling efforts. We used models to predict suitable habitat for the Narrow-footed Hygrotus Diving Beetle Hygrotus diversipes (diving beetle hereafter), a dytiscid beetle that is known from 10 streams in central Wyoming. The diving beetle was a category-2 Candidate species for listing as Threatened or Endangered in the Endangered Species Act between 1989 and 1996, and was petitioned for listing in 2007, 2008, and 2013. Suitable habitat for the diving beetle was predicted using Maximum Entropy and Random Forest models in Wyoming. Both models predicted that the diving beetle was more likely to occur in intermittent streams with a gentle gradient, shallow water table, variable precipitation pattern, and high soil electrical conductivity, and in the warmest areas of Wyoming. We conducted surveys for the diving beetle at sites where the species had previously been found, and in new areas that were predicted suitable by our models to evaluate whether it is more widely distributed than indicated by previous estimates. We sampled beetles using dip nets and bottle-traps, and assessed water quality at each site. We collected the diving beetle at three sites in central Wyoming between 2010 and 2012 in small, alkaline, intermittent streams with disconnected pools. The aquatic habitat of the diving beetle is dynamic and our results suggest that annual precipitation patterns have a strong influence on the biogeography of this habitat. Our results also suggest that maintaining the hydrologic integrity of prairie streams in Wyoming is vital to the conservation of the diving beetle.

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Rosenthal, Sadie K., David M. Lodge, Kenneth M. Mavuti, Wairimu Muohi, Philip Ochieng, Benjamin N. Mungai, and Gerald M. Mkoji. "Comparing macrophyte herbivory by introduced Louisiana crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) (Crustacea: Cambaridae) and native Dytiscid beetles (Cybister tripunctatus) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), in Kenya." African Journal of Aquatic Science 30, no. 2 (August 2005): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085910509503850.

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Elmberg, Johan, Kjell Sjöberg, Hannu Pöysä, and Petri Nummi. "Abundance-distribution relationships on interacting trophic levels: the case of lake-nesting waterfowl and dytiscid water beetles." Journal of Biogeography 27, no. 4 (July 2000): 821–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00445.x.

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Bradford, David F., Scott D. Cooper, Thomas M. Jenkins, Jr., Kim Kratz, Orlando Sarnelle, and Aaron D. Brown. "Influences of natural acidity and introduced fish on faunal assemblages in California alpine lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 2478–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-128.

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In an alpine area of the Sierra Nevada of California, naturally acidic waters and introduced fishes both strongly affect the distributions of native amphibians, zooplankton, and macroinvertebrates. The study area in Kings Canyon National Park contains 104 lakes with pH values between 5.0 and 9.3, including 10 lakes with pH < 6.0 (defined here as acidic lakes) and 18 lakes with introduced trout. We surveyed 33 of these lakes (8 acidic, 7 non-acidic with trout, 18 non-acidic without trout) for water chemistry and faunal assemblages. Yellow-legged frog tadpoles (Rana muscosa), common microcrustaceans (Daphnia, Hesperodiaptomus, Diaptomus), and larvae of a caddisfly (Hesperophylax) were rare or absent in acidic lakes but common in non-acidic lakes, and microcrustacean and macroinvertebrate species richness decreased with decreasing pH. Large and (or) mobile, conspicuous taxa, including tadpoles, large-bodied microcrustaceans (Hesperodiaptomus, Daphnia middendorffiana), and many epibenthic or limnetic macroinvertebrates (baetid and siphlonurid mayfly nymphs, notonectids, corixids, limnephilid caddis larvae, and dytiscid beetles), were rare or absent in trout lakes but were relatively common in lakes lacking trout, and the taxon richness of macroinvertebrates was reduced by trout.

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Valdez, Jose W. "Predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera : Dytiscidae) may affect the success of amphibian conservation efforts." Australian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 6 (2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo19039.

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The role of invertebrate predation in shaping vertebrate communities is often overlooked. This is evident with predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), which are often the top predator in many aquatic freshwater habitats. During weekly monitoring of a reintroduction for an endangered frog, a group of a dozen adult diving beetles were encountered attacking and quickly dismembering and consuming a tadpole. A single adult diving beetle was also discovered burrowing its head inside and consuming a tadpole approximately 3–4 times its size by seemingly piercing its prey to suck out its liquefied remains. This is in contrast with the well known behaviour of adult dytiscids, which involves tearing prey into small pieces with their chewing mouthparts. Although dytiscids are known to occasionally consume vertebrates such as tadpoles, adults are typically considered scavengers, and this communal predatory behaviour and feeding method have not previously been documented. Moreover, over 80% of the tadpoles in the monitored site were found in ponds with no beetles and despite representing only a quarter of all ponds, half of the tadpoles across the landscape were in ponds free of diving beetles, demonstrating a possible influence of diving beetles on tadpoles. These observations may have implications for amphibian conservation since management efforts are not typically concerned with naturally occurring ubiquitous threats such as those from small invertebrate predators, as it has rarely been observed in nature. Although amphibian conservation plans expect some losses from natural predation, diving beetles may affect conservation efforts such as captive breeding and reintroductions with populations where every individual is critical to success.

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Karlsson Green, Kristina, Alexander Kovalev, Erik I. Svensson, and Stanislav N. Gorb. "Male clasping ability, female polymorphism and sexual conflict: fine-scale elytral morphology as a sexually antagonistic adaptation in female diving beetles." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 86 (September 6, 2013): 20130409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0409.

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During sexual conflict, males and females are expected to evolve traits and behaviours with a sexually antagonistic function. Recently, sexually antagonistic coevolution was proposed to occur between male and female diving beetles (Dytiscidae). Male diving beetles possess numerous suction cups on their forelegs whereas females commonly have rough structures on their elytra. These rough structures have been suggested to obstruct adhesion from male suction cups during mating attempts. However, some diving beetle species are dimorphic, where one female morph has a rough elytra and the other has a smooth elytra. Here, we used biomechanics to study the adhesive performance of male suction cups on the female morphs in two diving beetle species: Dytiscus lapponicus and Graphoderus zonatus . We compared adhesion on the rough and the smooth female morphs to infer the function of the rough elytral modifications. We found that the adhesive force on the rough structures was much lower than on other surfaces. These findings support the suggestion of sexual conflict in diving beetles and a sexually antagonistic function of the rough female structures. In addition, males differed in their adhesive capacity on different female surfaces, indicating a male trade-off between adhering to smooth and rough female morphs.

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Roughley, R. E., and D. J. Larson. "AQUATIC COLEOPTERA OF SPRINGS IN CANADA." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 123, S155 (1991): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm123155125-1.

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AbstractThe habitat preferences of each of the 663 species of aquatic Coleoptera known from Canada and Alaska were categorized as lentic, lotic, spring-inhabiting, other, or unknown. Most species were assigned to a single habitat type although some occur in more than one habitat. The distribution of species among these habitat types is as follows: lentic, 61%; lotic, 23%; springs, 8%; other, <1%, unknown, 8%. The 63 spring-inhabiting species are distributed among the families Dytiscidae (38 species), Hydrophilidae (nine), Hydraenidae (eight), Chrysomelidae (subfamily Donaciinae) (six), Haliplidae (one), and Dryopidae (one). The diversity of these families in springs only approximately parallels their diversity in the total fauna. Several relatively diverse families (Gyrinidae, Scirtidae, and Curculionidae) are absent from springs as are some predominantly lotic families (Amphizoidae, Elmidae, and Psephenidae). About half the spring species are western (occurring in Manitoba and west), about a quarter are eastern, and a quarter are transcontinental. Most of these spring species are known from the conterminous United States and it is suggested that spring habitats within Canada are being colonized slowly from southern refugia.The habitat affinities of spring-inhabiting Dytiscidae are examined in detail. Of the 260 species occurring in Canada, 38 species occur in springs and represent about 60% of all beetle species in Canadian springs. The spring fauna of dytiscids comprises four elements: nine (24%) inhabit springs only, 11 (29%) are lotic species that also occur in springs, 12 (31%) are species that use a broad range of habitats, and six (16%) are species known otherwise only from lentic habitats. The dytiscid fauna of springs is a heterogeneous assemblage derived from many separate phylogenetic elements.

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Shirbhate, Milind, and Amrita Shirbhate. "Diversity and checklist of Beetles (Arthropoda: Coleoptera) from Forest areas and Agricultural areas of District Akola, (Maharashtra), India." Environment Conservation Journal 21, no. 1&2 (June 10, 2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2020.211210.

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A survey was organised from August 2016 to February 2020 in the forest areas and agricultural areas of Akola district to know the diversity of Beetles for further research. A total of 68 genera and 90 species belonging to 13 different families of beetles viz. Buprestidae (Metallic Wood-boring Beetle), Carabidae (Ground Beetles), Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae (Leaf beetles), Coccinellidae, Dytiscidae, Geotrupidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophilidae, Hybosoridae, Meloidae (Blister Beetles), Scarabaeidae, Tenebrionidae (Darkling Beetles) were collected and identified from various habitats along with their valid scientific names, systematic position, and distribution within agricultural fields and forest areas of Akola district.

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van Huis, Arnold. "Cultural Significance of Beetles in Sub-Saharan Africa." Insects 12, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040368.

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An overview is given of how beetles are utilised, perceived, and experienced in daily life across sub-Saharan Africa. More than 300 people from 27 countries were interviewed and the results were compared with literature findings. Both the adults and larvae of many beetle species are eaten, mainly from the families Curculionidae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Dytiscidae and Scarabaeidae. Some beetle species are used for medicinal purposes. The use of breast-shaped water beetles by adolescent girls to stimulate breast growth could be due to superstition or the effect of the defensive secretion containing steroid hormones. Blister beetles contain cantharidin, which influences the urinary tract, and is therefore used as an aphrodisiac and for treating venereal disease. Throughout Africa children play with beetles by letting them fly on a string. In the Sahel, the hard work of dung beetles is an inspiration for stories. Fireflies are generally associated with ghosts and witches, likely because the glowing of the beetles is interpreted as magical. Many beetle groups are brightly and attractively coloured and are therefore used in ceremonies and commerce. This type of indigenous knowledge, revealed in stories provided by older people, is rapidly disappearing due to urbanisation.

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Ramahandrison, Andriamirado Tahina, Bakolimalala Rakouth, and Michaël Manuel. "The aquatic Adephaga of the Makay, central-western Madagascar, with description of two new diving beetle species (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae)." ZooKeys 1127 (November 2, 2022): 1–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737.

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Water beetles of the families Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, and Dytiscidae (aquatic Adephaga) of the Makay in central-western Madagascar were surveyed in three campaigns during the years 2016–2018. A total of 74 species was collected from 62 sampling sites, all except one being newly recorded from the Makay. Copelatus malavergnorumsp. nov. (irinus group) and C. zanabatosp. nov. (erichsonii group) (Dytiscidae, Copelatinae) are described and their habitus and male genitalia are illustrated. A systematic account is given, including description of habitat preferences for each species. Analyses of species composition and dominance, species diversity and endemism highlighted the strong singularity of the aquatic Adephaga fauna inhabiting the sandstone massif of inner Makay (notably with several local endemic dytiscids) with respect to its peripheral lowlands. These comparisons were also performed between groups of sites categorised according to vegetation context (forested, semi-forested, non-forested). Rather unexpectedly, inner Makay although well-preserved and little deforested has relatively low endemism level and low species diversity (H1 Hill number twice lower than in the geographically close and geologically similar massif of Isalo). Species diversity was higher in the deforested and man-impacted peripheral sites, which yielded a rich contingent of western Madagascar lowland species including a few undescribed or rarely observed dytiscids.

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Pesic, Vladimir, and Ana Pavicevic. "New records of water beetles (Coleoptera: Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae) from Montenegro (SE Europe)." Archives of Biological Sciences 57, no. 4 (2005): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0504311p.

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The water beetle fauna of Montenegro is still poorly known. In the catalog dealing with water beetles (Hydrochantares and Palpicornia) in Yugoslavia Gueorguiev (1971) gives a list of 116 water beetle species from Montenegro. Miksic (1977) reported the presence of six water beetles species from the Ulcinj area. In the present paper, 19 water beetle species (Coleoptera Hydradephaga) are reported, five of which are new for the fauna of Montenegro. All specimens have been deposited in the zoological collection of the department of Biology (Podgorica). In list of the species, we give the locality, the date of sampling, the total number of individuals and the names of collectors.

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Miller, Kelly B., and Sara H. Lubkin. "Calicovatellus petrodytes, a new genus and species of primitive vatelline diving beetle (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Vatellini) from the Miocene Barstow Formation, southern California, USA." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 4 (July 2001): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000016991.

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Relatively few fossil dytiscids have been described. This is unfortunate since fossils can provide useful phylogenetic and evolutionary information including unique character combinations not present in extant taxa and minimum ages for divergences. However, even when fossils are found, important characters are often not visible since they may be poorly preserved or obscured. The fossil insects present in calcareous nodules from the Miocene Barstow Formation of the Calico Mountains in Southern California are exceptionally well preserved (Palmer, 1957). The original organisms are replaced by silica or other minerals and when the nodules are dissolved in formic acid, the three-dimensional fossil can be retrieved from the resulting residue. These nodules have yielded a wide variety of fossils, including larvae of the dytiscid species Schistomerus californense Palmer, 1957 and numerous other terrestrial and fresh-water arthropods (Palmer, 1957). The purposes of this paper are to describe a new dytiscid genus and species from an exceptionally well-preserved specimen from the Barstow Formation and to present a hypothesis of the phylogenetic placement of the new taxon.

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Aiken, R. B. "Attachment sites, phenology, and growth of larvae of Eylais sp. (Acari) on Dytiscus alaskanus J. Balfour-Browne (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-041.

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Larvae of aquatic mites are common ectoparasites of aquatic beetles. A population of Dytiscus alaskanus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) studied in a central Alberta lake was parasitized by members of the genus Eylais (Acari: Hydrachnellae). Mites attached preferentially in the costal–subcostal region of the ventral surface of the hindwings. Afferent blood flow in the costa and subcosta and the numerous blood sinuses in this region provide an abundant food source. The smallest (= youngest) larvae were taken on the first beetles caught in early spring, indicating that some mite larvae overwinter on the host. Mites grow rapidly, reach maximum size in late June and July, and then enter the nonparasitic phase of the life cycle. Rates of parasitism (proportion of beetles with parasites) was highest in early spring, declined throughout the summer, and rose again in the fall. In this way, the parasitic phase of the mites life cycle occurs at the same time as the peak in the population of adult beetles. There was constant recruitment throughout the year into the population of larval mites indicating asynchronous cohorts or more than one mite species.

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Shatarnova, O. "The Diversity and Composition of Assemblages of Water Beetles (Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae) in a Peat Bog in Belarus." Zoodiversity 55, no. 2 (2021): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2021.02.113.

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The diversity and species composition of the water beetles in peat bog lakes, streams and hollows in Belarus were studied. In total, 45 species of water beetles belonging to 3 families (Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae) were sampled by entomological net. Hydroporus tristis, Ilybius aenescens, Enochrus affinis, and E. ochropterus are the most abundant species A rather high diversity was recorded (Shannon-Wienner diversity index H′ = 2.037–2.912). Shannon-Wienner indexes indicated higher values in the lakes, whereas the lowest values in the hollows were recorded. In addition, in hollows water beetle species composition was the most different from the other peat bog water bodies.

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Sun, Jiyu, Wei Wu, Mingze Ling, Bharat Bhushan, and Jin Tong. "The hydraulic mechanism in the hind wing veins of Cybister japonicus Sharp (order: Coleoptera)." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 7 (June 23, 2016): 904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.7.82.

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The diving beetles (Dytiscidae, Coleoptera) are families of water beetles. When they see light, they fly to the light source directly from the water. Their hind wings are thin and fragile under the protection of their elytra (forewings). When the beetle is at rest the hind wings are folded over the abdomen of the beetle and when in flight they unfold to provide the necessary aerodynamic forces. In this paper, the unfolding process of the hind wing of Cybister japonicus Sharp (order: Coleoptera) was investigated. The motion characteristics of the blood in the veins of the structure system show that the veins have microfluidic control over the hydraulic mechanism of the unfolding process. A model is established, and the hind wing extending process is simulated. The blood flow and pressure changes are discussed. The driving mechanism for hydraulic control of the folding and unfolding actions of beetle hind wings is put forward. This can assist the design of new deployable micro air vehicles and bioinspired deployable systems.

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Frisbie, Malcolm Pratt, and William A. Dunson. "Seasonal aspects of sodium, potassium, and water balance in the predaceous diving beetle Dytiscus verticalis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 1553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-227.

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A previous study showed that food availability i the laboratory can dramatically affect sodium balance of the predaceous diving beetle Dytiscus verticalis. Because this species inhabits small ponds that dry up in the summer, it seemed likely that wild beetles would undergo annual changes in ody ion content. Seasonally collected predaceous diving beetles were analyzed for dry body mass, body water, body sodium and potassium, hemolymph sodium concentration, and hemolymph osmolality. Beetles varied in all characteristics over a 16-month period, and variation was seasonally cyclic for body water, body sodium, hemolymph sodium, and hemolymph osmolality, but not for dry mass and body potassium. A laboratory experiment and two field-enclosure experiments determined possible mechanisms underlying these cycles. Beetles in enclosures with food had greater dry mass than nonfed beetles in enclosures, but not greater than that of wild beetles. The number of tadpoles killed by beetles in enclosures correlated well with beetle dry mass. Because food availability directly affects dry mass, wild beetles must not suffer seasonal periods of food limitation. Body sodium and potassium levels also appear related to food availability, but not closely enough to explain the seasonal variation in sodium, the nonseasonal variation in potassium, and the nonparallel variation in the two cations. Food intake can be important for increasing both hemolymph sodium concentration and hemolymph osmolality, but these characteristics can be regulated independently of food intake and of each other. Seasonal variation in hemolymph sodium was out of phase with body sodium variation, suggesting that sodium supply is not the cause of hemolymph sodium cycles. Hemolymph osmolality was greatly increased in winter months, perhaps reflecting elevated levels of free amino acids in the hemolymph.

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Pavicevic, Ana, and V. Pesic. "Predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) from Montenegro with new records and description of the female of Hydroporus Macedonicus Fery & Pesic, 2006." Archives of Biological Sciences 63, no. 2 (2011): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1102477p.

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This paper deals with the aquatic beetle species of the family Dytiscidae collected from various freshwaters habitats in Montenegro. In total 39 water beetle species were collected from 56 localities in Montenegro between 2007 and 2010. Twelve species and one subspecies are reported for the first time for Montenegro: Agabus sturmii (Gyllenhal, 1808), A. paludosus (Fabricius, 1801), Deronectes moestus inconspectus (Leprieur, 1876), D. platynotus (Germar, 1834), Dytiscus circumcinctus Ahrens, 1811, D. dimidiatus Bergstr?sser, 1778, Hydroporus macedonicus Fery & Pesic, 2006, H. pubescens (Gyllenhal, 1808), Ilybius chalconatus (Panzer, 1797), I. fuliginosus fuliginosus (Fabricius, 1792), I. pseudoneglectus (Franciscolo, 1972), Liopterus haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1787) and Nebrioporus luctuosus (Aub?, 1838). The female genitalia of Hydroporus macedonicus Fery & Pesic, 2006, a rare water beetle previously known only from southern Macedonia, are illustrated. The present state of knowledge of the Montenegrin diving beetle fauna and its ecological characteristics is discussed.

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HENDRICH, LARS, and HANS FERY. "Paroster baylyi sp. n., P. ursulae sp. n. (Col. Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae) and the water beetle diversity of pan-gnammas on isolated granite outcrops in the Mallee of south-western Australia." Zootaxa 1704, no. 1 (February 15, 2008): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1704.1.2.

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Paroster baylyi sp. n. and P. ursulae sp. n. are described from south-western Australia, and compared with the similar P. michaelseni Régimbart, 1908. Their median lobes, parameres, gonocoxae, gonocoxosterna and habitus are illustrated, and details about their unique habitats and water beetle coenoses are given. The two new species are the first dytiscids to be known breeding solely in temporarily water filled rock-holes—so-called “pan-gnammas”—in the Mallee zone of south-western Australia. The total number of described species in the genus Paroster Sharp, 1882 is now 11. Eight aquatic Coleoptera of the families Dytiscidae and Hydrophilidae are recorded from 13 pan-gnammas on four granite outcrops in south-western Australia.

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Balke, Michael, Yoandri S. Megna, Nilver Zenteno, Luis Figueroa, and Lars Hendrich. "Two new species of Liodessus Guignot, 1939 diving beetles from Northern Peru (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)." Alpine Entomology 4 (August 14, 2020): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.55139.

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The diving beetles Liodessus altoperuensissp. nov. and Liodessus caxamarcasp. nov. (Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Bidessini) are described from the high altitudes of the Puna regions of north western Peru. They occur in shallow and exposed mossy peatland puddles. We delineate the two species using structures such as male genitalia, beetle size, shape and colour pattern. Mitochondrial Cox1 data were also generated, and revealed clusters congruent with morphological evidence. Altogether fourteen Liodessus species are now known from the Andean region.

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Luna-Luna, Alba Magali, Caleb Califre Martins, Andrés López-Pérez, Andrés Ramírez-Ponce, and Atilano Contreras-Ramos. "Aquatic beetle diversity from Volcán Tacaná, Mexico: altitudinal distribution pattern and biogeographical affinity of the fauna." ZooKeys 1111 (July 11, 2022): 301–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.68665.

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Results of an aquatic beetle survey at Volcán Tacaná, Mexico, are presented with five altitudinal levels in a monthly sampling regime, aiming to estimate both diversity and altitudinal distribution patterns of the aquatic beetle fauna. The first list of aquatic beetle species from this mountain is presented, comprising 40 species in 32 genera and nine families, with four species recorded for the first time from Mexico and six recorded for the first time from Chiapas. The aquatic beetle fauna is characterized by Elmidae with 20 species, Dytiscidae with eleven species, Dryopidae with three, and Epimetopidae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, Lutrochidae, and Noteridae with one species each. The species composition through the sampled altitudinal gradient (670–1,776 m) was not homogeneous, with the elmid genera Macrelmis, Heterelmis, Microcylloepus, and Austrolimnius present at all levels, while Hexanchorus, Neoelmis, and Onychelmis were present at levels 1–3 (673–1,214 m); dytiscids were mostly present at levels 4 and 5 (1,619–1,776 m), and dryopids were present only at levels 1–3. A Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity supports a general partition between altitudinal levels 1–3 and levels 4 + 5.

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Erman, Ömer Köksal. "Elemental Composition in Two Water Beetles (Dytiscus thianschanicus, Dytiscus persicus) (Dytiscidae: Coleoptera) as Revealed by WDXRF Spectroscopy." Biological Trace Element Research 143, no. 3 (March 22, 2011): 1541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-011-9000-6.

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40

Sazhnev, Alexey S., Irina A. Kargapoltseva, Nadezhda V. Kholmogorova, and Ekaterina A. Bobkova. "New records of water beetles (Coleoptera) in the territories of Udmurtiya and Bashkiriya." Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Биология»=Bulletin of Perm University. Biology, no. 4 (2021): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1994-9952-2021-4-289-294.

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This publication serves as a continuation of the inventory of aquatic beetle faunas in the Udmurtiya and Bashkortostan, a summary of which was published in 2020. The known composition of the faunas of the republics at the time of the study consisted of 230 (for Udmurtiya) and 120 (for Bashkiriya) species of aquatic beetles (including Donaciinae and Bagoiinae). The material for the article was the collections carried out in the framework of the study of the macrozoobenthos of rivers, oxbow lakes and temporary waterbidies from 2019 to 2020. Sampling of adults and beetle larvae from substrates submerged in water (stones and wood) was carried out manually. When collecting aquatic organisms in overgrown water bodies and rivers, a hydrobiological scraper was used. Data on the first finds of 5 species from 5 families in the territory of Udmurtiya and 6 species from 4 families in Bashkiriya are given. They are respectively as following: Orectochilus villosus (Gyrinidae), Haliplus confinis (Haliplidae), Rhantus bistriatus (Dytiscidae), Helophorus redtenbacheri (Helophoridae), Limnebius crinifer (Hydraenidae) in Udmurtiya, and Haliplus varius (Haliplidae), Ilybius fenestratus, Hydroporus palustris, Graptodytes bilineatus (Dytiscidae), Helophorus brevipalpis (Helophoridae), Limnebius cf. parvulus (Hydraenidae) in Bashkiriya.

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Inoda, Toshio, and Tadashi Kitano. "Mass breeding larvae of the critically endangered diving beetles Dytiscus sharpi sharpi and Dytiscus sharpi validus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Applied Entomology and Zoology 48, no. 3 (April 4, 2013): 397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13355-013-0176-4.

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Frelik, Anna. "Food of adult diving beetles Colymbetes fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) and C. striatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in the Zehlau Peatbog and in oxbow lakes and fens (the Biebrza Marshes)." Polish Journal of Entomology 83, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjen-2014-0012.

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AbstractThe study involved the analysis of the foregut content of 120 adult specimens of Colymbetes fuscus and C. striatus collected in aquatic habitats in the Biebrza Marshes (Poland) and the Zehlau Peatbog (Russia). The gut content comprised animals (including eggs of aquatic invertebrates), plants and detritus. Larvae of Ephemeroptera were common in beetles from the Biebrza Marshes. The gut content also included Dytiscidae, Cladocera, Chironomidae and other Diptera, Copepoda, other insects, other Coleoptera aquatica, Heteroptera, Acari, Ostracoda, Culicidae and Asellus aquaticus. In the Zehlau Peatbog, both of the beetle species fed predominantly on the larval stages of Chironomidae (Diptera). The gut content also included adult terrestrial insects and spiders.

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Aiken, Ronald B. "The mating behaviour of a boreal water beetle,Dytiscus alaskanus(Coleoptera Dytiscidae)." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 4, no. 3 (July 1992): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1992.9523136.

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Bradford, Tessa M., William F. Humphreys, Andrew D. Austin, and Steven J. B. Cooper. "Identification of trophic niches of subterranean diving beetles in a calcrete aquifer by DNA and stable isotope analyses." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 2 (2014): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12356.

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The Yilgarn calcrete aquifers in Western Australia are an interesting system for investigating the process of speciation within subterranean habitats, because of the limited opportunities for dispersal between isolated calcretes. The presence of different-sized diving beetles (Dytiscidae) in separate calcretes, including sympatric sister-species pairs, suggests that species may have evolved within calcretes by an adaptive shift as a result of ecological-niche differentiation. We have studied the potential for trophic niche partitioning in a sister triplet of diving beetles, of distinctly different sizes, from a single aquifer. Fragments of the mitochondrial COI gene, specific to known species of amphipods and copepods, were polymerase chain reaction-amplified from each of the three beetle species, indicating that there is an overlap in their prey items. Significant differences were found in the detected diets of the three species, and results showed a propensity for prey preferences of amphipods by the large beetles and one species of copepod for the small beetles. A terrestrial source of carbon to the calcrete was suggested by stable isotope analyses. The combined approach of molecular, stable isotope and behavioural studies have provided insight into the trophic ecology of this difficult-to-access environment, providing a framework for more fine-scale analyses of the diet of different-sized species to examine speciation underground.

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Inoda, Toshio, Fumitada Tajima, Hiroshi Taniguchi, Motoyuki Saeki, Kazuki Numakura, Masami Hasegawa, and Shinji Kamimura. "Temperature-Dependent Regulation of Reproduction in the Diving Beetle Dytiscus sharpi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Zoological Science 24, no. 11 (November 2007): 1115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.24.1115.

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Archangelsky, Miguel, and Mariano Michat. "Phylogenetic relationships of Leuronectes Sharp (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae) based on larval morphology and chaetotaxy." Insect Systematics & Evolution 40, no. 2 (2009): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631209x440078.

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AbstractThe phylogenetic relationships of the diving beetle (Dytiscidae) genus Leuronectes Sharp are revised based on a cladistic analysis of seven Agabinae genera and 54 morphological and chaetotaxic characters from larvae. For this purpose, larvae of L. curtulus Régimbart are described and illustrated in detail for the first time, with particular emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy. The results show that Leuronectes is well placed within Agabinae based on the absence of natatory setae on tibia and tarsus in instars II and III, the urogomphus composed of two urogomphomeres, and the absence of secondary setae on urogomphus. Leuronectes is resolved as part of a basal polytomy along with Platynectes Régimbart and a clade formed by the remaining agabine genera. Leuronectes shares with Platynectes the setae UR2, UR3 and UR4 not inserted contiguously, with Platambus Thomson the anterolateral lobes of frontoclypeus not projected beyond anterior margin, with Hydrotrupes Sharp the seta AB9 inserted dorsolaterally, and with Ilybius Erichson the seta LA10 inserted submedially. Leuronectes is unique within Agabinae in having the apical lateroventral process of the third antennomere not protruding and additional ventroapical pores on third antennomere, and is unique within the dytiscid genera studied in having the seta LA12 inserted submedially and one additional spine-like seta inserted on the lateral margin of abdominal segment VIII.

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Inoda, Toshio. "Predaceous Diving Beetle,Dytiscus sharpi sharpi(Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) Larvae Avoid Cannibalism by Recognizing Prey." Zoological Science 29, no. 9 (September 2012): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.29.547.

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Nagata, Nobuaki. "The complete mitochondrial genome of the critically endangered diving beetle Dytiscus sharpi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 2375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1630333.

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Kuzhuget, Ch. "ECOLOGICAL GROUPS OF WATER BEETLES (INSECTA, COLEOPTERA) OF THE FAMILY DYTISCIDAE IN THE TUVA REPUBLIC." EurasianUnionScientists 3, no. 11(80) (December 14, 2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.3.80.1108.

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In the basins of rivers and lakes of Tuva, 91 species of water beetles from the Dytiscidae family were found. All species from the Dytiscidae family were grouped into different ecological groups for the first time in Tuva Republic in relation to the main factors of the aquatic environment: flow rate, temperature, salinity and ground type.

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Sun, Ming Xia, Ai Ping Liang, Gregory S. Watson, Jolanta A. Watson, Yong Mei Zheng, and Lei Jiang. "Microstructure and Wettability on the Elytral Surface of Aquatic Beetle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 731–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.731.

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The microstructures on elytral surface of aquatic beetles belonging to Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae were observed under an environment scanning microscope, and the wettabilities were determined with an optical contact angle meter. The results show the elytral surfaces are relatively smooth compared to the structures of other insects such as the butterfly wing scales or cicada wing protrusions. They exhibit a polygonal structuring with grooves and pores being the main constituent units. The contact angles (CAs) range from 47.1oto 82.1o. The advancing and receding angles were measured by injecting into and withdrawing a small amount of water on the most hydrophilic (with a contact angle of 47.1o) and hydrophobic (with a contact angle of 82.1o) elytral surfaces, which illustrates the vital role of three-phase contact line (TCL) in the wetting mechanism of aquatic beetle elytral surfaces.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dytiscid beetles'

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