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Academic literature on the topic 'Dytiscid beetles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dytiscid beetles"

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Lundkvist, E., J. Landin, M. Jackson, and C. Svensson. "Diving beetles (Dytiscidae) as predators of mosquito larvae (Culicidae) in field experiments and in laboratory tests of prey preference." Bulletin of Entomological Research 93, no. 3 (June 2003): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2003237.

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AbstractField experiments were performed in artificial ponds to evaluate how the density of predatory diving beetles (Dytiscidae) would affect the population levels of mosquito larvae (Culicidae). Mosquitoes colonizing the ponds were predominantly species of the genus Culex. In 2000, most of the dytiscids colonizing the ponds were small (Hydroporus spp.), and these predators had no impact on the size of larval mosquito populations, not even in ponds with added dytiscids. In 2001, larger beetles (Ilybius, Rhantus, and Agabus spp.) were more common, and there were significantly fewer mosquito larvae in ponds with the highest numbers of dytiscids. There was a negative correlation between numbers of diving beetles in the ponds and the mean body length of mosquito larvae. In neither year could dytiscid densities be maintained above a certain level owing to emigration. In laboratory tests, there were marked differences between three common dytiscid species in regard to preferences for Daphnia and Culex species as prey: Colymbetes paykulli Erichson chose mosquito larvae more often, whereas both Ilybius ater (De Geer) and I. fuliginosus (Fabricius) preferred Daphnia spp. All of the tested dytiscids consumed large numbers of prey. Since some dytiscid species can efficiently decrease populations of mosquito larvae, they are probably important in the natural control of these dipterans.
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Enkhnasan, Davaadorj, and Bazartseren Boldgiv. "Biogeography of predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) of Mongolia." ZooKeys 853 (June 6, 2019): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.853.33908.

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The bio-geographical composition and spatial distribution patterns of dytiscid assemblages in Mongolia are relatively unexplored. In this study, we compiled a list of 99 dytiscid species belonging to 20 genera and five subfamilies recorded in Mongolia and investigated species richness, spatial distribution and bio-geographical composition of the Mongolian dytiscid fauna. This study encompasses the information of currently recorded species and their geographic localities in Mongolia based on our own data and literature sources. We examined how dytiscid species richness was related to sub-basins of surface water network, as well as to geographical elevations within Mongolia. The majority of the Mongolian dytiscid fauna was associated with the sub-basins belonging to Arctic Ocean (80 species, 80.8%) and Central Asian Inland (60 species, 60.6%) basins. Only a few species of dytiscids belonged to the remaining river basins. Species richness of dytiscids and total area of sub-basins were not correlated, but species composition of dytiscids differed significantly among the sub-basins. We observed that most of the species (77 species or 77.8% of total fauna) were recorded in a wide range of elevations and mid-altitudes (1000–2000 m a.s.l.) and showed the greatest diversity of dytiscids. Regarding the bio-geographical composition, species with wide geographical distributions (27.3% of dytiscids), were Palearctic species, while species of Arctic origin (21.2%) together with Boreal elements (16.2%) comprised a large proportion of the dytiscid fauna in Mongolia.
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Aiken, R. B., and C. W. Wilkinson. "Bionomics of Dytiscus alaskanus J. Balfour-Browne (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in a central Alberta lake." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 1316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-198.

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There are few studies of life history and population growth of large dytiscid beetles in North America. We sampled populations of Dytiscus alaskanus in a eutrophic lake in north central Alberta weekly in the summers of 1982 and 1983. Like many other temperate zone dytiscids, D. alaskanus has a univoltine life cycle. Dytiscus alaskanus prefers the area at the limit of emergent vegetation in the lake and is most often associated with shoreline vegetation of cattail and sedge. Populations of adult D. alaskanus are at a peak in the late spring and decline throughout the summer. Mark–recapture experiments allowed determination of total population size and monitoring of movement patterns in the lake. Data are discussed with reference to the relatively short summer with which these beetles must cope.
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Wang, Liang-Jong, Lars Hendrich, and Michael Balke. "First records of the diving beetles Hydrovatus subrotundatus Motschulsky, 1859 and Hydrovatus pudicus (Clark, 1863) in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydrovatini)." Check List 17, no. 5 (September 20, 2021): 1295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/17.5.1295.

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We provide the first records of the diving beetles Hydrovatus subrotundatus Motschulsky, 1859 and Hydrovatus pudicus (Clark, 1863) from Taiwan. They are otherwise widespread in Southeast Asia. The habitats of both species and the associated diving beetle fauna are briefly described. Altogether eight species of the genus Hydrovatus are now recorded from Taiwan, raising the number of Taiwanese dytiscid species to 68.
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Tierney, Simon M., Steven J. B. Cooper, Kathleen M. Saint, Terry Bertozzi, Josephine Hyde, William F. Humphreys, and Andrew D. Austin. "Opsin transcripts of predatory diving beetles: a comparison of surface and subterranean photic niches." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 1 (January 2015): 140386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140386.

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The regressive evolution of eyes has long intrigued biologists yet the genetic underpinnings remain opaque. A system of discrete aquifers in arid Australia provides a powerful comparative means to explore trait regression at the genomic level. Multiple surface ancestors from two tribes of diving beetles (Dytiscidae) repeatedly invaded these calcrete aquifers and convergently evolved eye-less phenotypes. We use this system to assess transcription of opsin photoreceptor genes among the transcriptomes of two surface and three subterranean dytiscid species and test whether these genes have evolved under neutral predictions. Transcripts for UV , long-wavelength and ciliary-type opsins were identified from the surface beetle transcriptomes. Two subterranean beetles showed parallel loss of all opsin transcription, as expected under ‘neutral’ regressive evolution. The third species Limbodessus palmulaoides retained transcription of a long-wavelength opsin ( lwop ) orthologue, albeit in an aphotic environment. Tests of selection on lwop indicated no significant differences between transcripts derived from surface and subterranean habitats, with strong evidence for purifying selection acting on L. palmulaoides lwop . Retention of sequence integrity and the lack of evidence for neutral evolution raise the question of whether we have identified a novel pleiotropic role for lwop , or an incipient phase of pseudogene development.
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Sheth, Sayali D., Anand D. Padhye, and Hemant V. Ghate. "Factors affecting aquatic beetle communities of Northern Western Ghats of India (Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera)." Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology 55 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/limn/2018030.

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We studied faunistic and ecological factors influencing distributions of aquatic beetles in the Northern Western Ghats (NWG) of India. In the period 2013–2017, we collected 213 samples from 105 localities within the area and obtained 66 species, the majority of which belong to Dytiscidae. Relative occurrence based on incidence data revealed that dytiscid water beetleLaccophilus inefficiensas the most widespread species. Non-parametric richness estimators Chao2, Jackknife1 and Bootstrap showed that 70–80% of the fauna was covered in the sampling efforts from different types of freshwater habitats. Sample-based rarefaction suggested that more sampling efforts within the region can yield additional species. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that altitude, salinity, hydroperiod and depth influenced the distribution of aquatic beetles. Further, CCA also revealed habitat preference and co-occurrence of various aquatic beetle species. For instance, while co-occurring species under Laccophilinae and Hydroporinae were eurytopic, other co-occurring speciesClypeodytes hemani,Microdytes sabitaeandLacconectus lambaiwere restricted to temporary habitats. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) showed a strong association between altitudinal classes and species distribution where many species were restricted within a particular altitudinal gradient. For example,M. sabitae,C. hemani,Hygrotus nilghiricus,L. lambaiandRhantus taprobanicuswith classes 900–1199 and 1200–1499 whileHyphydrus flavicans,Laccophilus ceylonicus,Lacconectus andrewesi,Sternolophus inconspicuusandCanthydrus laetabiliswith the class 300–599. The present work on aquatic beetles is the first attempt to study the influence of environmental factors on species diversity and distribution in the Northern Western Ghats of India.
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Liao, Wenfei, Stephen Venn, and Jari Niemelä. "Diving beetle (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) community dissimilarity reveals how low landscape connectivity restricts the ecological value of urban ponds." Landscape Ecology 37, no. 4 (February 12, 2022): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01413-z.

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Abstract Context Structural and functional connectivity, as subconcepts of landscape connectivity, are key factors in biodiversity conservation and management. Previous studies have focused on the consequences of connectivity for populations of terrestrial organisms, which may not be appropriate for aquatic organisms. Objectives As landscape connectivity critically affects the potential value of ponds for biodiversity, here we used diving beetles (Dytiscidae), an indicator taxon of wetland biodiversity, to investigate how structural connectivity affects functional connectivity to aquatic invertebrates in an urban landscape. Methods We assessed pairwise similarities of dytiscid community, i.e. the variation of species composition between clustered and isolated ponds in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. We investigated how dytiscid community similarity is affected by Euclidean distances between ponds, as an indicator of structural connectivity. Results We found that clustered ponds shared more species than isolated ponds. Dytiscid species community similarity responded negatively to increasing Euclidean distance between ponds. Effectively dispersing species were widely distributed across the landscape, while poor dispersers were scarcely distributed in the same landscape. Conclusions Structural connectivity determines which species are able to disperse successfully, with poor dispersers restricted to well-connected ponds. The different responses of effective dispersers and poor dispersers to the same structural connectivity indicate that functional connectivity determines species composition. We recommend providing well-connected aquatic habitats in urban landscapes and the implementation of measures to reduce isolation of wetland assemblages. Even clustered ponds need dispersal from other habitats to ensure their contribution to urban biodiversity.
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Hyde, Josephine, Steven J. B. Cooper, Pablo Munguia, William F. Humphreys, and Andrew D. Austin. "The first complete mitochondrial genomes of subterranean dytiscid diving beetles (Limbodessus and Paroster) from calcrete aquifers of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 5 (2017): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo17076.

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Comparative analyses of mitochondrial (mt) genomes may provide insights into the genetic changes, associated with metabolism, that occur when surface species adapt to living in underground habitats. Such analyses require comparisons among multiple independently evolved subterranean species, with the dytiscid beetle fauna from the calcrete archipelago of central Western Australia providing an outstanding model system to do this. Here, we present the first whole mt genomes from four subterranean dytiscid beetle species of the genera Limbodessus (L. palmulaoides) and Paroster (P. macrosturtensis, P. mesosturtensis and P. microsturtensis) and compare genome sequences with those from surface dytiscid species. The mt genomes were sequenced using a next-generation sequencing approach employing the Illumina Miseq system and assembled de novo. All four mt genomes are circular, ranging in size from 16 504 to 16 868 bp, and encode 37 genes and a control region. The overall structure (gene number, orientation and order) of the mt genomes is the same as that found in eight sequenced surface species, but with genome size variation resulting from length variation of intergenic regions and the control region . Our results provide a basis for future investigations of adaptive evolutionary changes that may occur in mt genes when species move underground.
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Wohlfahrt, B., and S. Vamosi. "Predation and habitat isolation influence the community composition-area relationship in dytiscid beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." Community Ecology 13, no. 1 (June 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/comec.13.2012.1.1.

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Cooper, Steven J. B., Kathleen M. Saint, Stefano Taiti, Andrew D. Austin, and William F. Humphreys. "Subterranean archipelago: mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of stygobitic isopods (Oniscidea:Haloniscus) from the Yilgarn region of Western Australia." Invertebrate Systematics 22, no. 2 (2008): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is07039.

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The arid Yilgarn region of Western Australia contains numerous isolated calcrete aquifers, within which a diverse subterranean fauna has been discovered. Genetic and morphological studies of subterranean dytiscid beetles and amphipods have suggested that individual calcretes are equivalent to closed island habitats, which have been isolated for millions of years. Here we test this ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis further by phylogeographic analyses of subterranean oniscidean isopods (Haloniscus), using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data derived from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses provided evidence for significant phylogeographic structuring of isopod populations, with evidence for at least 24 divergent mtDNA lineages, each restricted in their distribution to a single calcrete aquifer. The high level of divergence among calcrete populations (generally >25%) and several mtDNA lineages within calcretes (>16%) suggests that each lineage is likely to represent a distinct species. These analyses, together with comparative phylogeographic data from dytiscid beetles and amphipods, provide strong support for the ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis, applying to both air-breathing and fully aquatic arthropod groups. The finding of several epigean lineages that grouped with stygobitic Haloniscus populations, and the overall phylogeographic structure of populations, suggests that the majority of stygobitic species evolved within individual calcretes following independent colonisation by epigean ancestors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dytiscid beetles"

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Cioffi, Rebekah Katie Elizabeth. "Understanding rarity and latitudinal range relationships in European diving beetles (Dytiscidae) using metabolic plasticity and immunocompetence." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9480.

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Whilst the geographical range of species is a fundamental unit of macroecology and a leading predictor of extinction risk, the evolutionary dynamics of species’ ranges remain poorly understood. In some aquatic beetles, thermal niche has been shown to be related to both the relative range size and position of congeners but whether other physiological niche parameters play a role is unknown. Here, immunocompetence and metabolic plasticity were related to biogeography in these insects. Immunocompetence was first compared within a rare-common pair of Hydroporus species, finding species-specific immunity, which was affected by sex and acclimation time in the laboratory, with no clear relationship with rarity. This relationship was explored further in Deronectes species, whilst controlling for sex and acclimation time. Southern, narrow-ranging species had higher phenoloxidase (PO) activity, lower parasite load and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) activity that was stronger against Gram-negative Bacteria but weaker against Gram-positive Bacteria than their wider-ranging counterparts. As both of these studies found that PO activity did not positively correlate with encapsulation or AMP activity as reported in the literature, the pathway was investigated further in Tribolium castaneum. The data showed that the assumptions of the widely-used PO assay were violated, with differential activity between PO-driven reactions in melanin synthesis and different substrates used by larvae and adults. Future work should be wary of using the PO assay as a marker of potential melanin production and take into account the developmental requirements for melanin at different life stages. The relationship between metabolic plasticity and range was then assessed in Deronectes, finding that southerly species had more marked changes in glucose and protein content under elevated temperature stress than their northerly counterparts. Glucose content was also significantly positively correlated to lipid content, indicating that the energetics of species exhibiting differing range sizes may warrant future study. As the results from Hydroporus suggested that there may be trade-offs between immune defence and metabolism, the data on metabolic plasticity and immunocompetence in a sub-sample of Deronectes species were combined with thermal physiology, dispersal ability, body size and phylogenetic relatedness to assess which of these best explained variation in range size and position. Whilst variation in range extent and position were explained in part by thermal physiology, aspects of metabolic plasticity and immunocompetence also appeared to be important. This thesis provides one of the first indications that immunocompetence and metabolic plasticity may be related to geographical range and suggests parameters that may be worthy of exploration in other taxa.
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Serjeant, Anthony Frederick. "The ecology of great diving beetles (Dytiscus spp.) in the Somerset levels and moors." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48643/.

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Dytiscid beetles are significant predators in freshwater aquatic ecosystems, playing a major role in structuring macro-invertebrate communities in some habitats (Cobbaert et al 2010). Great Diving Beetles (Dytiscus spp.) can be among the top predators, yet more than one species may be present in a particular physical location, prompting questions regarding how the Dytiscus species co-exist. This study investigated Dytiscus marginalis Linneaus 1758 and the much rarer Dytiscus dimidiatus Bergsträsser 1778 which occur together in drainage ditch ecosystems in the Somerset Levels and Moors in the United Kingdom. Estimates of niche breadths were made in relation to seasonal activity patterns, habitat usage and prey in order to gauge the degree of specialisation displayed by the two species. Findings broadly supported the view that D. marginalis is more of a generalist species than D. dimidiatus, however, a considerable degree of niche overlap was shown to exist. Evidence was found of a stronger preference in D. dimidiatus for shaded watercourses and for sections of ditch with less extensive coverage of duckweed (Lemna spp.) in the early part of the season. There were indications of both inter-specific and intra-specific predation of larvae by adults and larvae of Dytiscus spp. A major challenge overcome during the study concerned how to distinguish the larvae of the two species. Molecular ecological techniques (RAPD, PCRs and gene sequencing) were compared with morphological means to determine species identity. A relatively simple molecular method was found to distinguish the species based on species-specific sequences within a short fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene. This technique successfully identified 90% of 108 individual larvae tested whereas morphology-based analysis failed to resolve them. The implications for conservation practice arising from these observations are discussed in relation to D. dimidiatus, which is considered at risk in the UK.
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Sontowski, Rebekka, Detlef Bernhard, Christoph Bleidorn, Martin Schlegel, and Michael Gerth. "Wolbachia distribution in selected beetle taxa characterized by PCR screens and MLST data." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-185242.

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Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria) is an inherited endosymbiont of arthropods and filarial nematodes and was reported to be widespread across insect taxa. While Wolbachia’s effects on host biology are not understood from most of these hosts, known Wolbachia-induced phenotypes cover a spectrum from obligate beneficial mutualism to reproductive manipulations and pathogenicity. Interestingly, data on Wolbachia within the most species-rich order of arthropods, the Coleoptera (beetles), are scarce. Therefore, we screened 128 species from seven beetle families (Buprestidae, Hydraenidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, and Noteridae) for the presence of Wolbachia. Our data show that, contrary to previous estimations, Wolbachia frequencies in beetles (31% overall) are comparable to the ones in other insects. In addition, we used Wolbachia MLST data and host phylogeny to explore the evolutionary history of Wolbachia strains from Hydraenidae, an aquatic lineage of beetles. Our data suggest that Wolbachia from Hydraenidae might be largely host genus specific and that Wolbachia strain phylogeny is not independent to that of its hosts. As this contrasts with most terrestrial Wolbachia–arthropod systems, one potential conclusion is that aquatic lifestyle of hosts may result in Wolbachia distribution patterns distinct from those of terrestrial hosts. Our data thus provide both insights into Wolbachia distribution among beetles in general and a first glimpse of Wolbachia distribution patterns among aquatic host lineages.
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Lundkvist, Elisabeth. "Diversity, dispersal, and interactions among diving beetles and mosquitoes in Swedish wetlands /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek796s.pdf.

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Gomes, Julia Gibertoni. "Diversidade de Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) em áreas úmidas do Rio Grande do Sul." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7655.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Beetles represented the largest group of animais but end up neglected in ecological studies and much of its wildlife has not described, mainly in tropical areas of great diversity. Dytiscidae, larger family of water beetles, prefers lentic environments, which can be divided according to their hydroperiod in permanent and periodic. The distribution of these ditiscidae were tested in this study in 104 wetlands of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) to detect differences in the composition of each hydroperiod, also serving as a survey of taxa occurring. Were sampled 1905 specimens from 21 genera with the first record in the state of genera Platynectes, Uvarus and Pachydrus. Multivariate Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) found that only biome and hydroperiod influenced the fauna. The differencce of the beta diversity among hydroperiods was significant, showing that varied in composition with each other, and communities in more homogeneous perennial areas than those found in the periodic areas. Despite the difference of the faunal composition richness showed similar values when standardized by rarefaction curve and each hydroperiod presented exclusive taxa.
Representantes do maior grupo de animais, os coleópteros acabam negligenciados em estudos ecológicos e muito da sua fauna ainda não foi descrita, principalmente nas áreas neotropicais de grande diversidade. Dytiscidae, maior família de coleópteros aquáticos, possuem predileção por ambientes lênticos, que podem ser divididos de acordo com seu hidroperíodo em perenes e intermitentes. Foram testadas neste estudo a distribuição desses ditiscideos em 104 áreas úmidas do estado Rio Grande do Sul (RS) para verificar a diferença na composição de cada hidroperíodo, servindo também como levantamento dos táxons ocorrentes. Foram coletados 1905 indivíduos e 21 gêneros, com o primeiro registro no estado dos gêneros Platynectes Régimbart, 1879, Uvarus Guignot, 1939 e Pachydrus Sharp, 1882. Por análise multivariada Correspondência canônica (ACC) constata-se que apenas o bioma e o hidroperíodo influenciaram composição dessa fauna. A diferença da diversidade beta entre os hidroperíodos foi significativa, mostrando que variaram em composição entre si, sendo as comunidades das áreas úmidas perenes mais homogêneas do que as encontradas nas áreas intermitentes. Apesar da diferença da composição faunística, a riqueza quando padronizada, através de curva de rarefação, mostrou valores similares e cada classe de hidroperíodo apresentou táxons exclusivos.
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Bergsten, Johannes. "Taxonomy, phylogeny, and secondary sexual character evolution of diving beetles, focusing on the genus Acilius." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ., Ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-527.

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Hyde, Josephine Charlotte Anne. "Investigating the internal and external ecology of six subterranean diving beetle species from the Yilgarn region of Central Australia." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/117938.

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The ecology of subterranean ecosystems and stygofauna (subterranean aquatic animals) has largely been unexplored in an Australian context. The Yilgarn region of Western Australia is known as a biodiversity hotspot in relation to stygofauna from isolated calcrete aquifers, and it is home to the most diverse assemblage of subterranean, predatory diving beetles in the world. This study used extensive grids of boreholes to access calcrete aquifers at Sturt Meadows and Laverton Downs pastoral stations to investigate how subterranean species interact with their external and internal environment, focusing on six subterranean beetle species. A mix of traditional ecological monitoring and next-generation sequencing methods were employed to examine the following specific questions: What are the types of prey available in these calcrete systems and how do they change in abundance over time? What are the natural gut microbial communities associated with these predatory beetle species? Moreover, can metagenomic analyses be used to identify trophic differences among species, including adults and larvae, and determine whether beetle species eat other beetle species? Ecological monitoring over an 11-year period identified that rainfall and, in particular, major recharge events are important for the diversity and distribution of stygofauna within the calcrete at Sturt Meadows. Average taxon richness was highest shortly after periods of high rainfall, and when dominant taxa (i.e. amphipods and copepods) were excluded, evenness decreased after both high and low rainfall suggesting that dominant taxa are an important factor driving the system. Common taxa (i.e. amphipods and copepods) within the calcrete had broad distributions and high abundance levels, while rare taxa (oligochaete worms) had restricted distributions and low abundances. All taxon groups had lower abundances and narrower distributions after periods of intermediate and low rainfall. Over the 11-year period, the majority of boreholes sampled did not show changes in evenness, suggesting that the Sturt Meadows calcrete is a reasonably stable ecosystem with episodic fluctuations, most likely attributed to rainfall events. The gut microbiome was investigated in six beetle species from two separate aquifers using random shotgun sequencing (metagenomic analyses). The bacterial and viral communities were investigated separately, but the investigation showed similar results as follows: In both the viral and bacterial analyses the microbial communities varied greatly by location and there was a distinct signature in the microbial communities depending on whether samples were collected from aquifers or laboratory aquaria. There were also distinct differences among the beetle species and their stage of development (adult versus larvae), which are most likely accounted for by trophic differences among the beetles. In both the bacterial and viral analyses a large number of the sequences were novel and unable to be identified, suggesting major differences in their microbiome compared to previously studied invertebrates. The unknown sequences will once identified, provide further insights into the microbial communities of these subterranean environments. Like the bacteria, viral sequences provided evidence that calcretes had been influenced by anthropogenic activities on the surface, with a large number of vertebrate viruses infiltrating the calcrete system. The mitochondrial (mt) genomes of four of the beetle species, Limbodessus palmulaoides and P. macrosturtensis, P. mesosturtensis and P. microsturtensis, were characterised to provide a framework for future trophic analyses of the beetle gut contents and as a basis for further assessment of the molecular evolution of mtDNA genes associated with evolution underground. The mt genomes were all consistent with both previously sequenced dytiscid beetle mt genomes and the inferred ancestral insect mt genome. All four mt genomes were circular, contained the expected 37 genes and ranged from 16,504 to 16,868 bp. The overall structure (gene number, orientation and order) was consistent with the ancestral insect mt genome, and the genome size variation resulting from length variation of intergenic regions and the CR is consistent with other surface dytiscid species sequenced. These ecological and molecular analyses show a complex interconnected system between the surface and subterranean environments. They also demonstrate that metagenomics research can be used effectively for investigating the trophic ecology of species, particularly in taxa where traditional methods are ineffective or difficult to undertake. Preliminary analyses of the beetle metagenomes suggested that the beetle species at Sturt Meadows are not only eating other invertebrates from the calcrete but are also eating the other beetle species. This result may have been difficult to elucidate using traditional methods (e.g. metabarcoding) given how closely related the beetle species are to each other. This research also highlights that the subterranean beetles provide an excellent model system, not only for future microbiome work but also for investigating the adaptive and regressive evolution of the genome associated with moving from surface to underground habitats.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biological Sciences, 2018
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Bukontaite, Rasa. "Evolution of the Biodiversity Hotspot of Madagascar from the Eye of Diving Beetles : Phylogeny, colonization and speciation." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-119633.

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Dytiscidae, contains numerous endemic and non-endemic species on Madagascar. Their evolutionary history is largely unknown on the island. Herein, I use analyses to infer phylogenetic relationship among groups of diving beetles, with a focus on the subfamily Dytiscinae and endemic species in two other groups of Dytiscidae. Paper I represents the first phylogenetic reconstruction focusing on the tribe Aciliini based on molecular data. Several commonly used molecular markers, as well as a new marker for Hydradephagan beetles, were evaluated in this study. Our analyses suggest that six genera within Aciliini are monophyletic. The most basal clades with Neotropical and Afrotropical taxa suggest a possible Gondwanan origin. Evaluation of gene fragments indicated CAD to be the most informative marker. Paper II focuses on colonization and radiation events of large bodied endemic diving beetles of the tribes Cybistrini and Hydaticini on Madagascar. Colonization events were inferred from dated phylogenetic trees and ancestral biogeographical reconstructions. Our results suggest both multiple colonizations, and out-of-Madagascar dispersal events, mostly during the Miocene and Oligocene. In paper III, we revised the Rhantus species of Madagascar. We used both molecular and morphological data to evaluate species hypothesis and emphasized the value of Manjakatompo – one of the last remaining fragments of central highland forests. In Paper IV we reconstruct the phylogeny and use Species Distribution Modelling for the endemic genus Pachynectes in Madagascar. Our sampling has discovered that the species diversity of Pachynectes is at least three times higher than previously believed. It seems that allopatric speciation was the main driver, which led to the diversity of Pachynectes. Our results suggest that climatic gradients and the five main biomes were a better predictor than watershed systems in explaining the distribution pattern and speciation between sister species.
Dykarskalbaggar i familjen Dytiscidae finns över hela världen och kan hittas i såväl temporära som permanenta vattensamlingar, i rinnande såväl som i stillastående akvatiska habitat. Bland dykarskalbaggarna finns ett hundratal både endemiska och icke-endemiska arter på Madagaskar. Deras evolutionära historia på denna mytomspunna ö är dock i stort sett okänd. I den här avhandlingen använder jag molekylära data och analyser för att härleda evolutionära släktskap, s.k. fylogenier eller släktträd, för olika grupper av dykarskalbaggar med fokus på underfamiljen Dytiscinae samt endemiska arter från två andra grupper på Madagaskar. Artikel 1 är den första molekylär-fylogenetiska studien som gjort på tribuset Aciliini. Flera molekylära markörer (delar av gener) användes samt utvärderades, inklusive den nya markören CAD för Hydradephaga skalbaggar. Analysen bekräftar att tribuset Aciliini är en monofyletisk grupp (naturlig grupp som härstammar från en gemensam förfader) samt att Eretini är närmaste släktingen. Alla sex släkten med flera arter i tribuset stöddes också som monofyletiska, det sjunde släktet har bara en art. De mest basala grupperna i trädet utgjordes av Neotropiska och Afrotropiska arter vilket antyder ett ursprung på Gondwana kontinenten. Denna slutsats var dock beroende av för vilken nod i trädet (av två möjliga) som ett fossil användes som kalibreringspunkt. Utvärderingen av de olika genfragmenten ledde till slutsatsen att CAD var den mest informativa genen tätt följd av en annan nukleär proteinkodande gen, WNT. Artikel 2 fokuserar på kolonisations- och artbildningshändelser för två grupper av relativt stora dykarskalbaggar. Denna studie bygger på två tidigare publicerade dataset där vi lade till Madagaskars arter. Kolonisationshändelser härleddes genom daterade molekylära släktträd samt rekonstruktion av förfäders biogeografiska utbredningsområden. Resultaten visade både på ett flertal separata koloniseringshändelser men också "ut-ur-Madagaskar" spridning, framförallt under tidsperioden Miocen-Oligocen. Studien visade också att inga koloniseringshändelser lett till några signifikanta artradiationer på Madagaskar i dessa två grupper. I Artikel 3 reviderar vi arterna av släktet Rhantus som finns på Madagaskar, vilka alla är begränsade i sin utbredning till den centrala högplatån på Madagaskar. Vi använder både morfologi och molekylära data för att testa arthypoteser samt bestyrker det bevarandebiologiska värdet av Manjakatompo-skogen, ett av de allra sista fragmenten av skog på den centrala högplatån. I Artikel 4 härleder vi släktskapet för det endemiska rinnande-vatten släktet Pachynectes samt analyserar de ingående arternas utbredning genom modellering. Våra insamlingar runt om Madagaskar har visat att artdiversiteten i släktet är minst tre gånger så hög som man tidigare trott. Genom att integrera släktskapsanalys med utbredningsmodellering söker vi få en inblick i vad som drivit artbildningen i en endemisk artradiation. Allopatrisk artbildning verkar varit den huvudsakliga typen av artbildning inom Pachynectes. Vi testade även två huvudhypoteser som söker förklara mikroendemisk artbildning generellt på Madagaskar. Våra resultat visar att klimatgradienter och de fem huvudsakliga biomen på Madagaskar verkar ha en långt bättre förklaringsgrad än stora floder och avrinningsområden för att förklara Pachynectes arternas utbredning och släktskap.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.

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9

Alperyn, Michael. "Factors affecting the community ecology of predacious diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in boreal and prairie ponds across southern Manitoba." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7868.

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Bottle-traps and volume-sampling were effective techniques for collecting dytiscids. A total of 17 060 dytiscids were collected in two years among 30 ponds, using both sampling methods. Conclusions about the factors that organize dytiscid communities were similar, based on the results obtained from both methods of sampling. However, bottle-traps collected elusive, rare, or large species effectively whereas volume-sampling was better at collecting small species. Recommendations for the sampling regimes of future studies are provided. A primary objective of this study was to relate and rank the environmental variables of boreal and prairie ponds that influence dytiscid diversity. This objective was accomplished by measuring various environmental variables for each pond including pH, conductivity, chlorophyll a density, pond permanence, pond area, macrophyte density, emergent vegetation density, and presence of fish and tiger salamanders. The environmental profiles of ponds were compared with their respective dytiscid communities. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the affinities of pond communities and species to the respective environmental variables. Environmental variables important for discriminating between boreal and prairie ponds included macrophyte diversity, pH, water conductivity, chlorophyll a density, and pond permanence. Among these variables, macrophyte diversity was considered a particularly good indicator of dytiscid communities...
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Books on the topic "Dytiscid beetles"

1

Paquette, Daniel R. Species composition of Dytiscid beetles (Coleoptera : Dytiscidae) in cattail ponds of Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Biology, 1998.

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Larson, D. J. Predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic Region, with emphasis on the fauna of Canada and Alaska. Ottawa: NRC Research Press, 2000.

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Oda, Hidetomo. The diving beetle. Milwaukee: Raintree, 1986.

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Markle, Sandra. Diving beetles: Underwater insect predators. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co., 2008.

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Yee, Donald A., ed. Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0.

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Yee, Donald A., ed. Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7.

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Ciegler, Janet C. Water beetles of South Carolina: (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae, Scirtidae, Elmidae, Dryopidae, Limnichidae, Heteroceridae, Psephenidae, Ptilodactylidae, and Chelonariidae). Clemson, S.C: Clemson University Public Service Pub., 2003.

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Diving Beetles. Minneapolis: Lerner Publishing Group, 2008.

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Miller, Kelly B., and Johannes Bergsten. Diving Beetles of the World: Systematics and Biology of the Dytiscidae. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016.

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Miller, Kelly B., and Johannes Bergsten. Diving Beetles of the World: Systematics and Biology of the Dytiscidae. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dytiscid beetles"

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Gioria, Margherita, and John Feehan. "Habitats Supporting Dytiscid Life." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 427–503. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7_10.

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Vamosi, Steven M., and Bianca Wohlfahrt. "Community Patterns in Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 409–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0_10.

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Vamosi, Steven M. "Community Patterns in Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 343–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7_7.

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Bilton, David T. "Dispersal in Dytiscidae." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 387–407. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0_9.

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Bilton, David T. "Dispersal in Dytiscidae." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 505–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7_11.

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Culler, Lauren E., Shin-ya Ohba, and Patrick Crumrine. "Predator-Prey Interactions of Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 363–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0_8.

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Culler, Lauren E., Shin-ya Ohba, and Patrick Crumrine. "Predator–Prey Ecology of Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 373–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7_8.

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Kehl, Siegfried. "Morphology, Anatomy, and Physiological Aspects of Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 173–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0_4.

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Kehl, Siegfried. "Morphology, Anatomy, and Physiological Aspects of Dytiscids." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 225–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01245-7_5.

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Dettner, Konrad. "Chemical Ecology and Biochemistry of Dytiscidae." In Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), 235–306. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dytiscid beetles"

1

Miller, Kelly B. "Sexual selection and diversification patterns in Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94130.

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Neculiseanu, Zaharia. "A catalogue of the diving beetles (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae) of the Republic of Moldova." In International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.56.

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