Academic literature on the topic 'Dysfunctional eating behaviour'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dysfunctional eating behaviour"
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Caroleo, Mariarita, Amedeo Primerano, Marianna Rania, Matteo Aloi, Valentina Pugliese, Fabio Magliocco, Gilda Fazia, et al. "A real world study on the genetic, cognitive and psychopathological differences of obese patients clustered according to eating behaviours." European Psychiatry 48, no. 1 (2018): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.11.009.
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AbstractBackgroundConsidering that specific genetic profiles, psychopathological conditions and neurobiological systems underlie human behaviours, the phenotypic differentiation of obese patients according to eating behaviours should be investigated. The aim of this study was to classify obese patients according to their eating behaviours and to compare these clusters in regard to psychopathology, personality traits, neurocognitive patterns and genetic profiles.MethodsA total of 201 obese outpatients seeking weight reduction treatment underwent a dietetic visit, psychological and psychiatric assessment and genotyping for SCL6A2 polymorphisms. Eating behaviours were clustered through two-step cluster analysis, and these clusters were subsequently compared.ResultsTwo groups emerged: cluster 1 contained patients with predominantly prandial hyperphagia, social eating, an increased frequency of the long allele of the 5-HTTLPR and low scores in all tests; and cluster 2 included patients with more emotionally related eating behaviours (emotional eating, grazing, binge eating, night eating, post-dinner eating, craving for carbohydrates), dysfunctional personality traits, neurocognitive impairment, affective disorders and increased frequencies of the short (S) allele and the S/S genotype.ConclusionsAside from binge eating, dysfunctional eating behaviours were useful symptoms to identify two different phenotypes of obese patients from a comprehensive set of parameters (genetic, clinical, personality and neuropsychology) in this sample. Grazing and emotional eating were the most important predictors for classifying obese patients, followed by binge eating. This clustering overcomes the idea that ‘binging’ is the predominant altered eating behaviour, and could help physicians other than psychiatrists to identify whether an obese patient has an eating disorder. Finally, recognising different types of obesity may not only allow a more comprehensive understanding of this illness, but also make it possible to tailor patient-specific treatment pathways.
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Shebanova, Vitalia, and Tetiana Yablonska. "The influence of the family on the formation of eating and weight disorders." Current Problems of Psychiatry 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpp-2019-0021.
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Abstract The аim is to study family influence on formation of eating and weight disorders. The concept of an “alimentary family” is defined as a family with dysfunctional, disharmonious relationships, which is a prerequisite for emergence and support of distorted patterns of eating behaviour, leading in the future to children’s eating and weight disorders. Methods: The research was carried out using the method of a thematic retrospective analysis (MTRA)-food, which is a variant of the narrative method, the questionnaire “Parental convictions and control tactics as for eating behaviour of their children during food taking”. The data was processed by the content analysis method; Fisher’s φ-criterion was used to compare differences between the groups. Results: The research has allowed us to clarify eating behavioural characteristics and to identify the “roots” of eating disorders. Various forms of forcing at eating, direct and indirect ways of making children to eat or blocking of eating are manifested in ignoring of children’s taste preferences, their desire and readiness to eat. Parents often use manipulative techniques influencing children’s eating behaviour (encouragement, inducement, reward promises, approval, recognition, warning, or switching attention), direct means of influence (coercion: prohibition, restriction, rejection, destructive criticism, intimidation, deprivation from various pleasures). There is the statistical confirmation that parents’ use of manipulative means and / or direct coercion towards their children during eating predetermines formation of pathological processes of corporeality, attitudes and psychological mechanisms stipulating eating disorders. Conclusions: The research results indicate necessity to develop psychotherapeutic programs for people with eating disorders, as well as programs to help parents improve family relationships and, accordingly, to apply correctional effects on their children.
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Batinic, B., J. Lazarevic, and T. Vukosavljevic-Gvozden. "1038 – Perfectionism and body shape concerns in female students with dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviour." European Psychiatry 28 (January 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(13)76162-5.
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Blair, Alan J., Vivien J. Lewis, and David A. Booth. "Response to Leaflets About Eating and Shape by Women Concerned About Their Weight." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 20, no. 3 (July 1992): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300017250.
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Concern about body weight and shape is commonly allied with dysfunctional self-concepts and eating behaviour. When provided with group therapy structured around written handouts addressing these problems, women referred for weight control have improved in their self-esteem, assertiveness, attitudes to body size, control of emotional eating, self-efficacy about weight and susceptibility to cyclic dieting, improvements which were maintained to follow-up. The present study examined the effects of the handouts alone on 27 women who actively attempted to control their weight. Relative to a sample matched for initial scores on the target variables, reported incidences of emotional eating and vigour of dieting were significantly reduced over a period of one year in the sample who received the bibliotherapy. Also, perceived body size, weight assertiveness, self-efficacy about weight control and body mass index all moved in the predicted direction, relative to controls, but not to a statistically significant degree. Such bibliotherapy on eating and shape is recommended as an adjunct to group or individual psychotherapy or to initiate change in clients waiting for professional counsel.
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Chugh, Ruchika, and Seema Puri. "Affluent adolescent girls of Delhi: eating and weight concerns." British Journal of Nutrition 86, no. 4 (October 2001): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2001418.
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Despite a dramatic increase in research on eating-related pathologies, gaps remain in our understanding of the factors responsible for the development and maintenance of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviour related to weight and eating among adolescents. A study was therefore conducted to compare eating and weight concerns among underweight, normal-weight and obese affluent adolescent girls in New Delhi. The sample comprised fifty underweight, fifty normal-weight and thirty obese girls, 16–18 years of age. Information was collected about their body image perception, weight concerns and eating attitudes by a well-structured questionnaire. Dietary intake was determined by 24 h recall and a food-frequency questionnaire. Body size was adjudged by measurements of weight, height, waist, hip and mid upper arm circumferences, and the BMI and waist : hip ratio were determined. Of the subjects, 99·2 % had a gynoid pattern of fat distribution. Concerns about excess weight were prevalent among the adolescent girls, even among those who were normal-weight and underweight. The level of satisfaction with body size decreased with increase in weight. Dieting behaviour was reported in a higher number of obese (76·6 %) compared with normal-weight (38 %) and underweight (14 %) girls. Of the obese girls, 43·3 % were found to be at a significantly (P=0·00109) greater risk of developing anorexia in the future. Characteristic dietary features of adolescence, such as missing meals, snacking and eating out, were observed. While the diets of most of the subjects were adequate in Ca, thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin C, they were found to be deficient in energy, protein, Fe, niacin, vitamin A and fibre. Thus, it is important to recognize that weight concerns and dissatisfaction with body size may pose a threat to a healthy nutritional state, and may develop into precursors of a later eating disturbance.
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Stojiljkovic-Drobnjak, Suzana, Susanne Fischer, Myrtha Arnold, Wolfgang Langhans, Ulrike Kuebler, and Ulrike Ehlert. "Dysfunctional Eating Behaviour and Leptin in Middle-Aged Women: Role of Menopause and a History of Anorexia Nervosa." International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 28, no. 5 (March 15, 2021): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-09958-0.
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Bushnell, John A., J. Elisabeth Wells, Andrew R. Hornblow, Mark A. Oakley-Browne, and Peter Joyce. "Prevalence of three bulimia syndromes in the general population." Psychological Medicine 20, no. 3 (August 1990): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700017190.
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SynopsisPrevalence of bulimia was estimated from a cross-sectional general population survey of 1498 adults, using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) administered by trained lay interviewers. Lifetime prevalence of the DSM-III syndrome in adults aged 18–64 was 1·0% and this was concentrated in young women: in women aged 18–44 lifetime prevalence was 2·6%, and 1·0% currently had the disorder. Based on clinicians' reinterviews of random respondents and identified and marginal cases, the prevalence of current disorder using criteria for draft DSM-III-R bulimia was 0·5%, for DSM-III it was 0·2%, and for Russell's Criteria bulimia nervosa 0·0%. A strong cohort effect was found, with higher lifetime prevalence among younger women, which is consistent with a growing incidence of the disorder among young women in recent years. Although elements of the syndromes were so common as to suggest that dysfunctional attitudes to eating and disturbed behaviour surrounding eating are widespread, there was little evidence of the bulimia syndrome having become an epidemic on the scale suggested by early reports.
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Gonçalves, Sónia, Flávia Freitas, Marta Alexandre Freitas-Rosa, and Bárbara César Machado. "Dysfunctional eating behaviour, psychological well-being and adaptation to pregnancy: A study with women in the third trimester of pregnancy." Journal of Health Psychology 20, no. 5 (April 22, 2015): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105315573432.
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Micioni Di Bonaventura, Emanuela, Luca Botticelli, Daniele Tomassoni, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, and Carlo Cifani. "The Melanocortin System behind the Dysfunctional Eating Behaviors." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (November 14, 2020): 3502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113502.
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The dysfunction of melanocortin signaling has been associated with obesity, given the important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, food intake, satiety and body weight. In the hypothalamus, the melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) contribute to the stability of these processes, but MC3R and MC4R are also localized in the mesolimbic dopamine system, the region that responds to the reinforcing properties of highly palatable food (HPF) and where these two receptors seem to affect food reward and motivation. Loss of function of the MC4R, resulting from genetic mutations, leads to overeating in humans, but to date, a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms and behaviors that promote overconsumption of caloric foods remains unknown. Moreover, the MC4R demonstrated to be a crucial modulator of the stress response, factor that is known to be strictly related to binge eating behavior. In this review, we will explore the preclinical and clinical studies, and the controversies regarding the involvement of melanocortin system in altered eating patterns, especially binge eating behavior, food reward and motivation.
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Herbert, Beate M. "Interoception and Its Role for Eating, Obesity, and Eating Disorders." European Journal of Health Psychology 27, no. 4 (October 2020): 188–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000062.
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Abstract. The importance of the sense of ourselves from within for understanding adaptive behavior and psychopathology has been increasingly recognized during the last decades. Interoception builds the foundation of our embodied self and dysfunctional interoception lies at the core of many psychosomatic disorders. Eating is fundamental for survival with consequences for health and well-being. It is deeply grounded in homoeostatic and allostatic psychophysiological needs and is driven by interoceptive signals of the body. This narrative review summarizes a selection of empirical findings and draws conclusions on the role of interoception in eating behavior, body weight, and eating disorders. Beyond disordered eating behavior, eating disorders are characterized by impairment of the sense of self, with dysfunctional interoception at its core. Predictive coding accounts are addressed to integrate conclusions and to underline the relevance of interventions to modify interoception.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dysfunctional eating behaviour"
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Clews, Gayelene, and n/a. "The Influence of an education program directed at dysfunctional eating on female distance runners." University of Canberra. School of Human and Biomedical Sciences, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050331.141947.
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This study examined the effectiveness of a multi-dimensional education program in facilitating
attitude changes in adolescent female athletes away from dysfunctional eating behaviours and
restrictive body image. Although research is available for diagnosing and identifying the
problems associated with dysfunctional eating behaviours and attitudes in female athletes, few
preventative tools have been proposed in order to address the problem. This study involved the
design, delivery and the evaluation of a proposed a multi-dimensional education model as a
preventative tool. The research design involved 18 teenage female middle/long distance runners,
aged between 13 and 19, who were registered with the ACT Cross Country Club. The study was
a quantitative and qualitative investigation employing a pre and post test design and using the
process of triangulation to increase the study's validity. It was proposed that a multi-dimensional
education program might be effective in steering attitudes away from dysfunctional eating
behaviours and body image and that a mixed method design may corroborate and elaborate on
the findings of the study to strengthen the understanding of the potential benefits of such an
education program has to its participants. Results showed that education proved to be a
successful tool in facilitating attitudinal changes in a positive direction, across a number of
variables such as menstrual functioning, nutrition, flexibility, strength, and general awareness, on
what constitutes a balanced healthy athletic body.
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Newbolt, Joanne. "Dieters' experience of craving thoughts : the role of appraisal and thought control in dysfunctional eating behaviour and emotional distress." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31301.
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Food cravings are a commonplace experience in the general population and ordinarily, are not associated with emotional distress or a lack of behavioural control (e.g. bingeing). However in some groups with disordered eating, food cravings can be associated with significant distress and are implicated as a contributory factor in binge eating. Recent advances in cognitive theory have highlighted the role of appraisal and thought control strategies in emotional distress and various strategies for controlling unwanted thoughts have been described. In particular the thought control strategies of worry and punishment have been associated with higher levels of distress. It is therefore proposed that the way in which craving thoughts are appraised and dealt with is theoretically and clinically a more meaningful focus of analysis than the craving thoughts themselves. The current study is a cross sectional correlation design exploring the association between thought control strategies, ratings of dimensions of cravings, eating behaviour and emotional distress in dieters. 127 dieters currently attending Weight Watchers to achieve weight loss were recruited to complete a battery of questionnaires. In addition beliefs about craving and coping strategies were explored in more detail in a subsample of ten dieters. The current study found that both the appraisal of the negative experience of food craving and the thought control strategies of worry and punishment were associated with dysfunctional eating behaviour and emotional distress. The theoretical and clinical implications of the role of appraisal and thought control in the behavioural and emotional response to food cravings, are discussed. Areas for further research are highlighted.
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Loxton, Natalie, and n/a. "The Contribution of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory and Family Risk to Dysfuntional Eating and Hazardous Drinking." Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060112.111417.
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This thesis details a continuing body of research investigating the contribution of personality to disordered eating and alcohol abuse in young women. There is growing evidence of high levels of reward sensitivity in women with both disorders, and high levels of punishment sensitivity in dysfunctional eating women. However, it is unlikely that personality alone accounts for the development of such dysfunctional behaviour. Two studies were conducted to further examine the contribution of reward and punishment sensitivity to these disorders. In the first study, 443 university women completed self-report measures of alcohol use, dysfunctional eating, reinforcement sensitivity, parental drinking, family environment and maternal eating. Reward and punishment sensitivity were better predictors of disordered behaviour than family factors, although maternal dysfunctional eating significantly increased the risk of daughters' dysfunctional eating. Punishment sensitive daughters of bulimic mothers reported the highest level of bulimic symptoms themselves. Punishment sensitivity also functioned as a partial pathway variable between family risk and disordered eating. Given the stronger contribution of personality to disordered behaviour, a second study was conducted in which 131 women completed behavioural tasks under conditions of reward and punishment. Performance on a computerised measure of punishment sensitivity was associated with greater levels of dysfunctional eating but not drinking. However, performance on a card-sorting task of reward sensitivity failed to correlate with self-reported reward sensitivity or disordered behaviour. It was concluded that an innate sensitivity to reward increases the risk of disorders characterised by strong approach tendencies, whilst high punishment sensitivity, perhaps due to a chaotic family, increases the risk of dysfunctional eating, particularly daughters of eating disordered mothers.
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Johnston, Cutting Smart. "Menstrual dysfunction and eating behaviors in weight training women." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90950.
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To obtain descriptive information concerning female bodybuilders and women who weight train, a questionnaire concerning training regimes, menstrual history and dieting strategies was developed and administered with the EDI included as part of the questionnaire. Factors assessed included: incidence of menstrual irregularity, scores on the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), prevalence of behaviors associated with eating disorders, and mean body fat. Subjects were between the ages of 18 and 35 and included individuals from Personal Health Classes at Virginia Tech, the Virginia Tech Weight Lifting Club, and Goad's Gym in Blacksburg, Virginia. Subjects were classified by activity (weight lifters versus controls), involvement (high, moderate and low) and competition (noncompetitive and competitive).
Chi-square analysis indicated that there was no difference in incidence rates of menstrual irregularity between weight lifters (WLs) and controls (Cs); however, the rates of both groups were higher than the general population. Although there was no difference in menstrual function of involvement groups, 50% of the competitors, significantly more than non-competitors, were classified as oligomenorrheic or amenorrheic.
All subject groups had mean scores approaching anorexic patient norms on the EDI Bulimia and Maturity Fears subscales. WLs were significantly higher on Drive for Thinness than Cs and more WLs had subscale scores higher than the mean scores presented for anorexics. Additionally, significantly more WLs reported uncontrollable urges to eat, fear of fat, and history of anorexia. Mean %BF of the WLs was 20.18% with competitors being significantly leaner than non-competitors.
The high degree of menstrual dysfunction in both WLs and Cs is confusing; yet, the 27% incidence of oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in WLs is much higher than the rates documented for the general population. The high Drive for Thinness and incidence of negative eating behaviors indicate that the prevalence of eating disorders in this population may progress as this relatively new sport evolves and competitive participation increases.M.S.
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Talwar, Ruchika. "Correlates and Predictors of Dysfunctional Eating Attitudes and Behaviours in a Non-clinical New Zealand Female Sample." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2652.
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Eating disorders are among the most common psychological problems faced by women. Perfectionism, impulsivity and poor self-esteem have been identified as significant risk factors for the development and maintenance of eating disorders. Further, elevated body mass
has been found to amplify the effect of these risk factors on the development of eating pathology. However, although the symptoms associated with eating disorders have been theorised to lie on a continuum with frank eating disorders at one end and normative eating concerns at the other, there is limited research and findings are mixed about the correlates and predictors of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours in non-clinical populations. The present research contributes to a clearer understanding of risk factors associated with
dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours in non-clinical populations. Correlational analyses in the present study indicated that dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours are associated with increased perfectionism, lowered self-esteem and elevated body mass. Regression analyses identified body dissatisfaction as a significant predictor of bulimic symptomatology. Further research is needed to extend these results. The current study found
that dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours occur in non-clinical populations and are associated with similar risk factors to those associated with eating pathology in clinical populations. Further, it advocates the need for early detection and intervention of eating
disturbances in at risk non-clinical samples, particularly in relation to body image dissatisfaction. Finally, it highlights the need for further research focussing on non-clinical
samples in order to more clearly understand the correlates and predictors of dysfunctional
eating attitudes and behaviours in these populations.
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Edgren, Lee. "A comparison of the impact of hatha yoga and wellness education on the problematic behaviors of excessive alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and dysfunctional eating." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074542.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of twelve weeks of instruction in two university-level educational approaches to self management (hatha yoga (EXSCI 119) and the current fitness/wellness core course (PEFWL 101) ) on the problematic behaviors of excessive smoking, dysfunctional eating and excessive alcohol consumption. Some theories of addiction, notably those of Peele and Clemmens, suggest that increased awareness, such as that promoted by hatha yoga, may be valuable to the alteration of the addictive process. The quantitative analysis utilized the stages and processes of change questionnaires developed by many researchers associated with the University of Rhode Island team led by James 0. Prochaska. Analysis of the data did not show any statistical difference between the two approaches. A secondary qualitative analysis suggests that hatha yoga students thought differently about themselves and their experience following their yoga class.Fisher Institute for Wellness
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Himes, Susan. "Examining an Acute Environmental Trigger for Dysfunctional Eating: Measuring the Immediate Impact of Fat Disparagement Media Exposure and its Effects on Body Dissatisfaction, Negative Affect, Weight Control Practice Intentions, and Sub-Clinical Binge Eating Behavior in College Women." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2014.
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Binge eating is a maladaptive eating practice associated with unhealthy weight control methods (vomiting, laxative abuse) and the development of weight gain and obesity. Isolating psychological and environmental variables that trigger binge eating can prevent or potentially moderate eating disturbance. Previous research implicates media exposure as an environmental contributor to psychological and eating disturbance. The current study sought to uncover whether fat stigmatization media exposure is an acute environmental trigger for psychological disturbance and binge initiation by dismantling fat media messages and experimentally manipulating messages. Undergraduate women (N=197) were assigned to one of four media message conditions: a fat negative interaction, fat comedy, control stigmatization, or control comedy condition. Psychological functioning and weight control variables were assessed at baseline, pre-test, and post-test. Results indicated that fat message exposure resulted in significantly greater post-test perceived pressure to lose weight, negative affect, guilt, and anger than control conditions. Participants exposed to fat messages were significantly more likely to restrict food intake. Two subjects engaged in an analogue binge. Weight control intentions were similar across conditions at post-test. BMI was found to moderate the relationship between fat message exposure and negative affect and hostility, with overweight and obese women more vulnerable to negative psychological consequences of fat media exposure. A history of weight related teasing moderated the relationship between fat message exposure and negative mood dependent variables (negative affect, guilt, sadness, fear), with those who had a history of teasing more vulnerable to negative mood induction. The primary significant mediator between fat message exposure and body dissatisfaction was appearance activation. Eating disorder theories were upheld, with suggested minor modifications specific to the context of fat media exposure. Findings are discussed in the context of weight loss and eating disorders treatment. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.
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Rocha, Daniela de Fátima Rodrigues da. "A procura de um corpo musculado nos homens: relação com os comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais e experiências emocionais." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/48298.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia AplicadaA insatisfação com a imagem corporal tem sido associada a uma variedade de problemas físicos/psicológicos, assim como problemas alimentares, no entanto pouco se sabe sobre a relação entre a procura de um corpo musculado e os comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais nos homens. O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a associação entre atividade desportiva - musculação e o objetivo de treino - ganho de massa muscular, variáveis do comportamento alimentar, experiência emocional e avaliação cognitiva. No total, 308 homens responderam a questionários de autorrelato sobre informação desportiva/antropométrica, comportamentos alimentares, avaliação cognitiva e experiências emocionais. Segundo os resultados, a musculação e a prática desportiva associada ao ganho de massa muscular estão associadas a uma maior frequência de exercício físico e mais comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais. A musculação, o objetivo de treino associado ao ganho de massa muscular, perceção ameaçadora da perda de massa muscular, e as experiências emocionais negativas predizem o comportamento alimentar disfuncional. Em suma, a procura de um corpo musculado nos homens pode constituir um risco para desenvolver sintomas das perturbações do comportamento alimentar.
Dissatisfaction with body image has been associated with many physical and psychological problems, as well as eating disorders. However, little is known about the relation between the search of a muscular body and dysfunctional eating behaviours in men. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the type of sport - bodybuilding and the workout purpose - gain of muscle mass and variables related to the eating behaviour, emotional experience and cognitive assessment. A total of 308 men answered self-reporting questionnaires about sport and anthropometric information, eating behaviours, cognitive assessment and emotional experiences. According to results, bodybuilding and sport practice associated with muscle mass gain are related to more frequent physical exercise and dysfunctional eating behaviours. Bodybuilding, the workout purpose related to the gain of muscle mass, loss of muscle mass perceived as something threatening and negative emotional experiences are all predictors of a dysfunctional eating behaviour. To sum up, the search of a muscular body can constitute a risk and lead to the development of symptoms related to eating disorders on men.
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Sá, Jéssica Maria Martins. "Perturbações da alimentação e da ingestão: estudo de prevalência em São Miguel." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/57023.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em PsicologiaA presente investigação teve como objetivos estimar a ocorrência de atitudes e comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais, estimar a prevalência das Perturbações da Alimentação e da Ingestão e identificar possíveis casos de diagnóstico em jovens do Ensino Secundário. A amostra foi constituída por 650 estudantes do Ensino Secundário Regular (10º ao 12 ano) de cinco instituições de ensino da Ilha de São Miguel da Região Autónoma dos Açores, de ambos os sexos (423 do sexo feminino e 226 do sexo masculino) com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 25 anos. Este estudo de prevalência consistiu em duas fases, numa primeira fase os instrumentos aplicados foram: dados sociodemográficos, dados antropométricos e Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire e numa segunda fase a Eating Disorder Examination. Não foi possível estimar a prevalência e identificar possíveis casos de diagnóstico. A ocorrência regular de Episódio Bulímico Objetivo foi de 9,3%, 0,9% vómito autoinduzido, 1,1% uso de laxantes, 1,4% exercício excessivo e 1,4% restrição alimentar. Este é um contributo para o estudo das prevalências de Perturbações da Alimentação e da Ingestão e as atitudes e comportamentos alimentares dos jovens adolescentes.
The present study aimed to estimate the occurrence of dysfunctional eating behaviours, to estimate the prevalence of Eating Disorders and Ingestion, and to identify possible cases of diagnosis in Secondary School students. The sample consisted of 650 students from the Regular Secondary School (10th to 12th year) of five educational institutions of the Island of São Miguel of the Autonomous Region of the Azores, of both sexes (423 females and 226 males) aged between the ages of 14 and 25. This prevalence study consisted of two phases; in the first phase the instruments applied were: sociodemographic data, anthropometric data and Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire and in a second phase the Eating Disorder Examination. It was not possible to estimate the prevalence and to identify possible cases of diagnosis. The regular occurrence of Bulimic Purpose Episode was 9.3%, 0.9% self-induced vomiting, 1.1% use of laxatives, 1.4% excessive exercise and 1.4% food restriction. This is a contribution to the study of the prevalence of Eating Disorders and Ingestion and the attitudes and eating behaviours of young adolescents.
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Carraça, Eliana Cristina Veiga. "The role of body image in the context of obesity treatment and associated behaviors in women." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4854.
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Doutoramento em Motricidade Humana na especialidade de Saúde e Condição FísicaThis dissertation sought to investigate the role of body image in the context of obesity treatment. Specifically, it was designed to i) identify correlates of pre-treatment body image (evaluation and investment dimensions) in overweight/obese women, ii) investigate body image changes during and after a lifestyle weight loss intervention, iii) examine how, and by what mechanisms, body image changed over time, and iv) investigate the implications of this change to the process of weight management and associated behaviors. The four studies included in this dissertation were developed in the context of a longitudinal randomized controlled trial, consisting of a 1-year behavior change intervention and a 2-year follow-up, including 239 premenopausal women with overweight or obesity (age: 37.6±7.1yr; BMI: 31.5±4.1kg/m2). The main intervention aimed at increasing physical activity, adopting a moderately restricted diet, and ultimately establishing exercise and eating patterns that would support weight maintenance. A module covering body image contents was also included. The comparison group received a general health education curriculum. Study 1 highlighted the damaging effect of dysfunctional investment in appearance, rather than body dissatisfaction, for psychological well-being, and showed that controlled motivations might be one of the mechanisms behind this detrimental effect. In turn, studies 2 and 3 suggested that body image could be effectively enhanced during obesity treatment, leading to a healthier eating self-regulation, and emphasized that physical activity could play an important role in improving body image in overweight/obese women, and also in preventing its deterioration overtime, mainly by tapping its excessive salience to one’s life and self. Finally, study 4 showed that body image investment and depressive mood (to a lesser extent) mediated the relation between physical activity and critical markers of eating self-regulation, and suggested that these associations are relatively consistent in this population. These findings highlighted the importance of enhancing body image during obesity treatment, especially its investment component, to improve well-being, eating regulation, and ultimately weight-related outcomes. Future weight loss interventions would benefit from performing a more thorough assessment of body image investment features and from proactively addressing them as part of their protocols. Furthermore, regular physical activity participation should be emphasized in these interventions, given its important contribution to long-term weight management, which goes beyond increased energy expenditure. In fact, physical activity can also ameliorate key psychological variables such as body image and even prevent their deterioration overtime, which in the end, might reduce susceptibility to relapse and favor lasting weight maintenance.
Esta dissertação investigou o papel da imagem corporal no contexto do tratamento da obesidade. Teve como objetivos específicos: i) identificar correlatos da imagem corporal (dimensões de insatisfação e investimento disfuncional na imagem) à entrada de uma intervenção de controlo do peso, ii) investigar as alterações da imagem corporal durante e após uma intervenção comportamental de controlo do peso, iii) explorar potenciais mecanismos subjacentes às alterações da imagem corporal; e iv) investigar as implicações destas alterações no processo de gestão do peso e comportamentos associados. Os quatro estudos desta tese foram desenvolvidos no âmbito de um estudo experimental, controlado e com distribuição aleatória (RCT), compreendendo uma intervenção de 1 ano e um follow-up de 2 anos. A amostra incluiu 239 mulheres pré-menopáusicas com excesso de peso ou obesidade (idade: 37.6±7.1 anos; IMC: 31.5±4.1kg/m2). A intervenção visou estabelecer padrões saudáveis de atividade física e comportamento alimentar, compatíveis com a manutenção do peso no longo-prazo. Incluiu também um módulo direcionado para as questões da imagem corporal. O grupo de controlo teve acesso a um currículo geral de educação para a saúde. (...)
Books on the topic "Dysfunctional eating behaviour"
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Excessive appetites: A psychological view of addictions. Chichester: Wiley, 1985.
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Excessive appetites: A psychological view of addictions. Chichester: Wiley, 1992.
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Herbert, Beate M., and Olga Pollatos. The relevance of interoception for eating behavior and eating disorders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0009.
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The importance of interoception for adaptive and maladaptive behavior, as well as for psychopathology, has gained growing interest, and dysfunctional interoception has been recognized as representing a core impairment across psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders. Eating is intrinsically guided by interoceptive signals and is directly associated with homeostatic psychophysiological needs, well-being, and survival. This chapter provides conceptually and empirically drawn conclusions focusing on the relevance of distinguishable dimensions of interoception for shaping eating behavior and body weight, and for eating disorders. Going beyond eating behavior per se, anorexia and bulimia nervosa are conceptualized as characterized by profound impairment of the self, with dysfunctional interoception at its core. Predictive coding models are addressed to integrate conclusions and empirical findings tentatively.
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Abrahams, Sharon, and Christopher Crockford. Cognitive and behavioural dysfunction in ALS and its assessment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757726.003.0008.
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Cognitive and behavioural dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) occurs in up to half of patients with a spectrum from ALS with no cognitive or behavioural impairment to ALS with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). ~ 15% have a full blown ALS-FTD syndrome, while ~ 35% show milder and specific deficits on verbal fluency, executive and language functions and social cognition. Patients may show a behavioural syndrome that ranges from mild specific difficulties to changes that fulfil diagnostic criteria for behavioural variant-FTD. Apathy is the most prevalent symptom, but disinhibition, perseveration, loss of sympathy/empathy, and change in eating behaviour are also described. The importance of assessment is increasingly recognized. A distinction is made between brief assessment tools useful within ALS clinics and more extensive neuropsychological assessment by a qualified clinical neuropsychologist. Newly developed assessments specifically designed for ALS are available and will make valuable contribution to clinical care.
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Caga, Jashelle, and Matthew C. Kiernan. Bulbar dysfunction in ALS: Psychological implications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757726.003.0015.
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Bulbar dysfunction typically manifests as speech and swallowing impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Timely assessment of changes in speech and swallowing is imperative, given its negative prognostic implication and impact on psychological well-being. The progressive loss of the ability to speak and swallow can also result in threats to the self-concept, which may compound issues with social interaction. The use of communication devices to accommodate loss of speech appears to be beneficial in reducing patient distress and caregiver burden. Implementation of interventions to manage problems eating secondary to swallowing impairment can also result in marked improvements in patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life. However, the success of these interventions depends on intact cognitive and behavioural functioning, which may be compromised in patients with bulbar dysfunction. Assessment of bulbar dysfunction should therefore be considered in the context of cognitive and behavioural change, to maximize patient and caregiver psychological well-being.
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Hawton, Keith, Paul M. Salkovskis, Joan Kirk, and David M. Clark, eds. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychiatric Problems. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780192615879.001.0001.
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This title provides a summary of the cognitive behavioural principles on which the therapy is based, followed by a detailed account of how to carry out a cognitive–behavioural assessment. Subsequent chapters provide self-contained descriptions of how to use the therapy to treat particular conditions: panic and generalized anxiety, phobic disorders, depression, obsessional disorders, somatic problems, eating disorders, chronic psychiatric handicaps, marital problems, and sexual dysfunctions. A final chapter provides a description of problem-solving training. Each chapter describes the condition, assessment procedures, factors likely to be important in formulating the problem, and then the treatment, step-by-step. Particular attention is paid to overcoming difficulties encountered during treatment, and extensive use is made of clinical material and case illustrations. This is an excellent guide to the practice of cognitive behaviour therapy for all those beginning to use the technique.
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Orford, Jim. Excessive Appetites: A Psychological View of Addictions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.
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Excessive Appetites: A Psychological View of Addictions, 2nd Edition. Wiley, 2001.
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Orford, Jim. Excessive Appetites: A Psychological View of Addictions. John Wiley & Sons Ltd (Import), 1995.
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Excessive Appetites: A Psychological View of Addictions. 2nd ed. Wiley, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dysfunctional eating behaviour"
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Shaikh, M. Guftar. "Hypothalamic dysfunction (hypothalamic syndromes)." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 233–39. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.2181.
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The hypothalamus is a complex area of the brain and is important in co-coordinating signals between the nervous system and the endocrine system, primarily via the pituitary gland. Various processes throughout life, such as birth, puberty, and pregnancy, as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders are regulated by the hypothalamus (1). It influences many hormonal and behavioural circadian rhythms, as well as being involved in the control of body temperature, hunger, and thirst. Damage to the hypothalamus whether it is congenital or acquired will lead to significant clinical morbidity (Box 2.4.1.1). Recent advances in molecular techniques and improved neuroimaging, particularly MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) have given us a better understanding of hypothalamic syndromes and their clinical manifestations. It may be very difficult to differentiate between hypothalamic and pituitary disease as the endocrine abnormalities are often similar. As the hypothalamus regulates both endocrine and autonomic function, there is usually a combination of endocrine and neurological disturbance in hypothalamic damage. This includes abnormal behaviour, eating disorders, and thermoregulation. The hypothalamus consists of a number of different nuclei which have very specific functions and also secretion of hypothalamic hormones and neuropeptides (1). The clinical syndrome will depend on the location and extent of the underlying lesion. The lesion may be very small and only affect specific hypothalamic nuclei which will result in discrete symptoms; however larger lesions, which are more likely, will present with a variety of problems (Fig. 2.4.1.1). The endocrine abnormalities seen in hypothalamic syndromes usually result in pituitary hyposecretion; however due to loss of inhibitory factors hypersecretion can also occur. Children and adolescents usually present with growth failure and disorders of puberty, which can be both delayed and precious. Adults with hypothalamic dysfunction can present with dementia, disturbances in appetite and sleep, as well as hormonal deficiencies. Causes of hypothalamic damage, particularly the anterior hypothalamus, include tumours such as craniopharyngiomas, optic nerve gliomas, and inflammatory conditions such as histiocytosis and sarcoidosis.
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Zaccagnino, Maria. "EMDR Therapy Protocol for the Management of Dysfunctional Eating Behaviors in Anorexia Nervosa." In Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing EMDR Therapy Scripted Protocols and Summary Sheets. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826194725.0003.
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Zaccagnino, Maria, and Marilyn Luber. "Summary Sheet: EMDR Therapy Protocol for the Management of Dysfunctional Eating Behaviors in Anorexia Nervosa." In Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing EMDR Therapy Scripted Protocols and Summary Sheets. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826194725.0004.
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