Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamique de substitution'
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Bertazzon, Jean-François. "Systèmes dynamiques topologiques et mesurés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22121.
Full textThere are many ways to approach the study of dynamical systems. In general, one equips the originalspace with an appropriate structure, and is interested in the average behavior of a map which preservesthis structure. For example, the interesting properties could be of topological, measurable, algebraicor differentiable origin. Ergodic theory is mainly concerned with dynamical systems with an invariantmeasure (measured dynamical system). Another branch of ergodic theory studies questions about therepresentation of measured dynamical systems. One aspect of this theory is to connect measured dynamicalsystems with topological dynamical systems. More specifically, we will be interested in theconnection between topological, measured and algebraic dynamical systems.Recently nilsystems have become important in ergodic theory. They naturally generalize translations ofcompact abelian groups, and in particular circle rotations. We will give a partial connection betweenalgebraic and symbolic properties of a well chosen family of nilsystems. We are particularly interestedin induction of such systems
Bettinotti, Omar. "Une méthode multi-échelle de substitution faiblement intrusive en dynamique explicite." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01073520.
Full textFredj, Manel. "Reconfiguration dynamique des architectures orientées services." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00491041.
Full textBougère, Jacques. "Dynamique actuelle à l'Île de la Possession (Archipel de Crozet) : Substitution de processus géomorphologiques." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE2026.
Full textSubantarctic and volcanic island, La Possession (Crozet Archipelago 45°S/51°E) has received various morphoclimatic influences. Varying processes in ducing superimposed geomorphological features have followed from its aristing stage : theses processes are now changing by a lower periglacial influence than before. Fluid waters to frozen waters substitution originate terrain movements showing the weakness of peri glacial processes, even with a frozen soils effective activity. Active periglacial features are smaller and their events became seasonal. A real podzolic pedogenesis activity begin on low altitude area beneath often modofied by vertebrates and invertebrates in peat blankets. Processus as sesments were made by measurements and continuons plots experimentations (soils and air thermometry, gelisofluxion, surface hydrology) have supplied patterned-ground, surface run-off and land erosion data
Cogan, Scott. "Réanalyse des structures à partir de données expérimentales : Rigidification et substitution." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA2033.
Full textBettinotti, Omar. "A weakly-intrusive multi-scale substitution method in explicit dynamics." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0032/document.
Full textComposite laminates are increasingly employed in aeronautics, but can be prone to extensive delamination when submitted to impact loads. The need of performing virtual testing to predict delamination becomes essential for engineering workflows, in which the use of a fine modeling scheme appears nowadays to be the preferred one. The associated computational cost would be prohibitively high for large structures. The goal of this work consists in reducing such computational cost coupling the fine model, restricted to the surroundings of the delamination process zone, with a coarse one applied to the rest of the structure. Due to the transient behavior of impact problems, the dynamic adaptivity of the models to follow evolutive phenomena represents a crucial feature for the coupling. Many methodologies are currently used to couple multiple models, such as non-overlapping Domain Decomposition method, that, applied to dynamic adaptivity, has to be combined with a re-meshing strategy, considered as intrusive implementation within a Finite Element Analysis software. In this work, the bases of a weakly-intrusive approach, called Substitution method, are presented in the field of explicit dynamics. The method is based on a global-local formulation and is designed so that it is possible to make use of the pre-fixed coarse model the meshes the whole structure to obtain a global response: this pre-computation is then iteratively corrected considering the application of the refined model only where required, in the picture of an adaptive strategy. The verification of the Substitution method in comparison with the Domain Decomposition method is presented
Escaffre, Noëlle. "Nouvelles pratiques et dynamique des représentations dans le champs de la Santé : L'exemple de la prise en charge des toxicomanes." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10001.
Full textGourlaouen, Christophe. "Caractérisation théorique de l'influence de la substitution de cations natifs par le plomb dans des composés d'intérêt biologique." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066567.
Full textJullian, Yann. "Représentation géométrique des systèmes dynamiques substitutifs par substitutions d'arbre." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22065.pdf.
Full textWe study ways of giving geometric representation to symbolic substitutive systems when the substitution is invertible. First, we analyse the combinatorics of the generated symbolic systems. Using the prefix-suffix automata, we bring out pairs of bi-infinite words which are equal for each positive or equal (resp. Negative) index. Tree substitutions are introduced. On the combinatorial side, they can be seen as generalisations of substitutions on words. From a metric point of view, they are to define self-similar fractal real trees efficiently. Results on tree substitutions are then joined with the study of group actions on real trees that are used to describe the dynamics of automorphisms of the free group. We construct (on two sets of examples) real trees using tree susbstitutions, and we define domains exchanges conjugate to substitutive systems
Ben, Livier. "Étude de l'injection du carburant gazeux de substitution GNV dans les moteurs à pistons : imagerie laser, bilans énergétique et environnemental." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT006H.
Full textDe, lozzo Matthias. "Modèles de substitution spatio-temporels et multifidélité : Application à l'ingénierie thermique." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAT0027/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the construction of surrogate models in transient and steady states in the context of thermal simulation, with a few observations and many outputs.First, we design a robust construction of recurrent multilayer perceptron so as to approach a spatio-temporal dynamic. We use an average of neural networks resulting from a cross-validation procedure, whose associated data splitting allows to adjust the parameters of these models thanks to a test set without any information loss. Moreover, the construction of this perceptron can be distributed according to its outputs. This construction is applied to the modelling of the temporal evolution of the temperature at different points of an aeronautical equipment.Then, we proposed a mixture of Gaussian process models in a multifidelity framework where we have a high-fidelity observation model completed by many observation models with lower and no comparable fidelities. A particular attention is paid to the specifications of trends and adjustement coefficients present in these models. Different kriging and co-krigings models are put together according to a partition or a weighted aggregation based on a robustness measure associated to the most reliable design points. This approach is used in order to model the temperature at different points of the equipment in steady state.Finally, we propose a penalized criterion for the problem of heteroscedastic regression. This tool is build in the case of projection estimators and applied with the Haar wavelet. We also give some numerical results for different noise specifications and possible dependencies in the observations
Mortazavi, Amiri Narjes Beigom. "Relations entre motifs structuraux et dynamique de réseau dans les cristaux mixtes Cu-Zn-Sn-Se : études premiers principes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0333/document.
Full textThe works addresses vibrational properties of novel semiconductors, specifically the Cu2ZnSnSe4 and Cu2ZnSnS4 compounds of the kesterite structure, which, in the domain of photovoltaics, become competitive with leading materials of chalcopyrite type, notably Cu(In,Ga)Se2. The anticipated immediate practical interest of such study is that the vibration spectra are likely to make possible a distinction between different structural phases, possible for a given composition. The vibration modes are accessed by using a first-principle theory approach. The manuscript is divided into five chapters, with the following contents: (1) A brief introduction into the work principle and the problematics of photovoltaics, specifically of the solar cells based on multinary semiconductors; the chapter closes by the description of the phase diagram of the Cu-Zn-Sn-Se system. (2) An overview of the density functional theory (DFT) and of the technics of numerical simulations using the SIESTA code. (3) The vibrational properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 in its two phases, kesterite and stannite, as studied by first-principles method, with a detailed comparison being done along with a thorough mode-by-mode analysis. (4) Vibrational properties of a secondary phase Cu2SnSe3, which often competes with the Cu2ZnSnSe4 phase in the process of sample growth. (5) Calculation of phonons in the Cu2ZnSnS4 structure containing intrinsic defects (vacances; anti sites), with the objective of estimating vibrational contributions to entropy and the correction of the composition - temperature phase diagram in this multi nary system. The general conclusion summarises the results which are published in 5 articles
Desnos, Nicolas. "Ports composites pour l'assemblage automatique de composants logiciels : application à la construction dynamique et à l'évolution non anticipée." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20124.
Full textKulchat, Sirinan. "Dynamic covalent chemistry of C=N, C=C and quaternary ammonium constituents." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF018/document.
Full textThis thesis describes the dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) of imine/imine, Knoevenagel/imine, and Knoevenagel/Knoevenagel exchange. L-proline is shown to be an excellent organocatalyst to accelerate the formation of dynamic covalent libraries (DCLs). The interconversion between Knoevenagel derivatives of dimethylbarbituric acid and imines is found to occur rapidly in the absence of catalyst. A new class of DCC based on nucleophilic substitution (SN2/SN2’) component exchange between quaternary ammonium salts and tertiary amines is developed, by the use of iodide as a catalyst. The exchange reactions between pyridinium salts and a pyridine derivative generate dynamic ionic liquids. Finally, kinetic and thermodynamic selection of imine formation in a DCC is perfomed in aqueous solution and organic solvent
Kpoton, Agapit. "De la stéréochimie de la substitution nucléophile sur le silicium à la synthèse de silanes pentacoordonnés modèles : mise en évidence de la pseudorotation au niveau de l'atome de silicium." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20120.
Full textEmme, Jordan. "Systèmes dynamiques substitutifs et renormalisation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4738.
Full textIn the present work we study substitutive dynamical systems. Historically, substitutions have been introduced in order to describe the sequence of the sum-of-digits mod 2 in base 2. We study some properties of densities of sets defined by sum-of-digits functions, sets which are linked with autocorrelations of some arithmétic functions. We prove that these densities are usually normally distributed. We also study the regularity of the pressure function in the framework of the thermodynamics formalism, introduced by Bowen, Ruelle and Sinaï, for a family of potentials defined in terms of distance to the attractor of the k-bonacci substitution. We also show that the iterations of the renormalisation operator defined by Baraviera, Leplaideur and Lopes converges towards a fixed point of this operator. Finally we study the regularity of some spectral measures associated to self-similar tilings using mostly works from Bufetov and Solomyak on the deviations of ergodic sums for the action of translations by vectors in R^d on self-similar tilings of R^d. We prove that, afeter renormalisation, these spectral measures behave like Radon measures around
Sellami, Tarek. "Dynamique commune des fractals de rauzy de même matrice d' incidence." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4030/document.
Full textThe matrix of a substitution is not sufficient to completely determine the dynamics associated with it, even in the simplest cases since there are many words with the same abelianization. In this paper we study the common points of the canonical broken lines associated with two different irreducible Pisot unimodular substitutions σ1 and σ2 having the same incidence matrix. We prove that if σ1 verifies the Pisot conjecture and 0 is an inner point to the Rauzy fractal associated with the substitution σ1 then these common points can be generated with a substitution on an alphabet of so-called balanced pairs, and we obtain in this way the intersection of the interior of two Rauzy fractals
Jolivet, Timothée. "Combinatoire de substitutions de type Pisot." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077146.
Full textSubstitutions are mappings which replace each symbol of a given alphabet by a word over the same alphabet. They naturally act over infinite sequences of symbols, and produce highly ordered Systems with many properties. This thesis concerns a particular class with algebraic restrictions, Pisot substitutions, and their related objects of dynamical, fractal o combinatorial nature. We begin with the combinatorial study of some qualitative properties of the two-dimensional patterns generated by iterating a two-dimensional "dual" version of Pisot substitutions. We apply these results to study the infinite families of substitutions obtained by taking arbitrary products over a finite set of Pisot substitutions. Applications include dynamica properties of the associated symbolic Systems, some language theoretical characterization of some topological properties of their associated Rauzy fractals, some number-theoretical properties of their associated Pisot numbers, and some results in discrete geometry. Particular focus is set on the substitutions associated with the Arnoux-Rauzy, Brun and Jacobi-Perron multidimensional continued fraction algorithms Next we give explicit construction to give a complete description of the possible fondamental groups of planar Rauzy fractals in the case where the group is countable. In the last two chapters, we "step back" from the Pisot algebraic assumption to study some more general objects arising from the combinatorial tools used in the previous chapters, focusing on some computational (un)decidability questions
Durand, Fabien. "Contributions a l'etude des suites et systemes dynamiques substitutifs." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22091.
Full textDupuis, Romain. "Surrogate models coupled with machine learning to approximate complex physical phenomena involving aerodynamic and aerothermal simulations." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0017/document.
Full textNumerical simulations provide a key element in aircraft design process, complementing physical tests and flight tests. They could take advantage of innovative methods, such as artificial intelligence technologies spreading in aviation. Simulating the full flight mission for various disciplines pose important problems due to significant computational cost coupled to varying operating conditions. Moreover, complex physical phenomena can occur. For instance, the aerodynamic field on the wing takes different shapes and can encounter shocks, while aerothermal simulations around nacelle and pylon are sensitive to the interaction between engine flows and external flows. Surrogate models can be used to substitute expensive high-fidelitysimulations by mathematical and statistical approximations in order to reduce overall computation cost and to provide a data-driven approach. In this thesis, we propose two developments: (i) machine learning-based surrogate models capable of approximating aerodynamic experiments and (ii) integrating more classical surrogate models into industrial aerothermal process. The first approach mitigates aerodynamic issues by separating solutions with very different shapes into several subsets using machine learning algorithms. Moreover, a resampling technique takes advantage of the subdomain decomposition by adding extra information in relevant regions. The second development focuses on pylon sizing by building surrogate models substitutingaerothermal simulations. The two approaches are applied to aircraft configurations in order to bridge the gap between academic methods and real-world applications. Significant improvements are highlighted in terms of accuracy and cost gains
Peyron, Mathis. "Assimilation de données en espace latent par des techniques de deep learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP074.
Full textThis thesis, which sits at the crossroads of data assimilation (DA) and deep learning (DL), introduces latent space data assimilation, a novel data-driven framework that significantly reduces computational costs and memory requirements, while also offering the potential for more accurate data assimilation results.There are numerous ways to integrate deep learning into data assimilation algorithms, each targeting different objectives (Loh et al., 2018; Tang et al., 2020; Laloyaux et al., 2020; Bonavita and Laloyaux, 2020; Brajard et al., 2020; Farchi et al., 2021b; Pawar and San, 2021; Leutbecher, 2019; Ruckstuhl et al., 2021; Lin et al., 2019; Deng et al., 2018; Cheng et al., 2024). We extend the integration of deep learning further by rethinking the assimilation process itself. Our approach aligns with reduced-space methods (Evensen,1994; Bishop et al., 2001; Hunt et al., 2007; Courtier, 2007; Gratton and Tshimanga, 2009; Gratton et al., 2013; Lawless et al., 2008; Cao et al., 2007), which solve the assimilation problem by performing computations within a lower-dimensional space. These reduced-space methods have been developed primarily for operational use, as most data assimilation algorithms are prohibitively costly, when implemented in their full theoretically form.Our methodology is based on the joint training of an autoencoder and a surrogate neural network. The autoencoder iteratively learns how to accurately represent the physical dynamics of interest within a low-dimensional space, termed latent space. The surrogate is simultaneously trained to learn the time propagation of the latent variables. A chained loss function strategy is also proposed to ensure the stability of the surrogate network. Stability can also be achieved by implementing Lipschitz surrogate networks.Reduced-space data assimilation is underpinned by Lyapunov stability theory, which mathematically demonstrates that, under specific hypotheses, the forecast and posterior error covariance matrices asymptotically conform to the unstable-neutral subspace (Carrassi et al., 2022), which is of much smaller dimension than the full state space. While full-space data assimilation involves linear combinations within a high-dimensional, nonlinear, and possibly multi-scale dynamic environment, latent data assimilation, which operates on the core, potentially disentangled and simplified dynamics, is more likely to result in impactful corrections.We tested our methodology on a 400-dimensional dynamics - built upon a chaotic Lorenz96 system of dimension 40 -, and on the quasi-geostrophic model of the Object-Oriented Prediction System (OOPS) framework. We obtained promising results
Sadet, Jérémy. "Surrogate models for the analysis of friction induced vibrations under uncertainty." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPHF0014.
Full textThe automotive squeal is a noise disturbance, which has won the interest of the research and industrialists over the year. This elusive phenomenon, perceived by the vehicle purchasers as a poor-quality indicator, causes a cost which becomes more and more important for the car manufacturers, due to client’s claims. Thus, it is all the more important to propose and develop methods allowing predicting the occurring of this noise disturbance with efficiency, thanks to numerical simulations. Hence, this thesis proposes to pursue the recent works that showed the certain contributions of an integration of uncertainties into the squeal numerical simulations. The objective is to suggest a strategy of uncertainty propagation, for squeal simulations, maintaining numerical cost acceptable (especially, for pre-design phases). Several numerical methods are evaluated and improved to allow precise computations and with computational time compatible with the constraints of the industry. After positioning this thesis work with respect to the progress of the researchers working on the squeal subject, a new numerical method is proposed to improve the computation of the eigensolutions of a large quadratic eigenvalue problem. To reduce the numerical cost of such studies, three surrogate models (gaussian process, deep gaussian process and deep neural network) are studied and compared to suggest the optimal strategy in terms of methodology or model setting. The construction of the training set is a key aspect to insure the predictions of these surrogate models. A new optimisation strategy, hinging on bayesian optimisation, is proposed to efficiently target the samples of the training set, samples which are probably expensive to compute from a numerical point of view. These optimisation methods are then used to present a new uncertainty propagation method, relying on a fuzzy set modelisation
Kchikech, Mohammed. "Influence des substitutions hétérovalentes sur la dynamique du réseau et la conduction dans les perovskites : Application à BaTio3:La et BaTio3:Cu." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOS033.
Full textBéaur, Pierre. "Algorithmique et combinatoire des mots par les représentations S-adiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG033.
Full textIn combinatorics on words, a classical method to construct infinite words is the substitutive model. It consists in iterating infinitely an operation (a substitution) on an initial letter. The substitutive model has made it possible to create and study infinite words exhibiting some repetitive structures that are still aperiodic. Introduced in the late 1990s, S-adic representations are a classical extension of the substitutive model. In the S-adic model, at each iteration, rather than always iterate a single substitution, one can iterate a substitution chosen in a finite set. S-adic representations were originally established for dynamic purposes, and characterize several classical word families such as Sturmian words, that were not fully captured by the substitutive model. This thesis focuses on the use of S-adic representations for combinatorial and algorithmic purposes. In a first part, I propose an application in the framework of ω-automata theory. The objective is to decide whether a weak ω-automaton accepts a Sturmian word. I develop a method, called automata desubstitution, that solves this question, and gives combinatorial properties of ω-automata accepting a Sturmian word. These methods can be generalized to other substitutive constructions (purely substitutive word, fixed point of a substitution) and to other word families admitting an S-adic characterization. These methods can be used to solve a number of related problems, such as the encoding of a Sturmian word or, in discrete geometry, the reconnection of discrete segments. The second part is devoted to the study of string attractors on bi-infinite words. It is the result of a collaboration with Hellouin and Gheeraert. String attractors come from text compression theory, and are a combinatorial object for measuring the repetitiveness of a word. In the mono-infinite case, only ultimately periodic words admit finite string attractors. We prove that in the bi-infinite case, this result no longer holds: we exhibit and characterize bi-infinite aperiodic words admitting finite string attractors. These are the characteristic Sturmian words, their finite shifts, and their images by aperiodic substitutions. Our methods are based on the S-adic characterization of Sturmian words, and consist mainly in an adaptation of desubstitution to string attractors.In the third and final part, I explore the combinatorial possibilities of S-adic representations in new spaces.I prove that two exotic models of S-adic representations, the Aubrun-Sablik and Baraviera-Leplaideur models, on ℕᵈ and the free monoid on two elements respectively, cannot represent every configuration: they are not universal. Finally, I study a variant of the domino problem, called the X-domino problem, parameterized by a subshift or a family of words X. The aim is to understand the undecidability boundary between one and two dimensions. I focus on the case where X is a minimal subshift, and then explore the case of Sturmian words and squarefree words
Bellon, Thierry. "Le Projet Dynamen modélisation dynamique à moyen-terme du marché mondial de l'énergie, application à l'analyse des substitutions pétrole-charbon." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37593992r.
Full textKooli-Chaabane, Hanen. "Le transfert de technologie vu comme une dynamique des compétences technologiques : application à des projets d'innovation basés sur des substitutions technologiques par le brasage métallique." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL075N/document.
Full textTechnology transfer is an innovation process far from to be defined as a simple transmitter / receiver relationship of knowledge. It is complex. Thus the determinants of its success are still poorly understood and its modeling remains to be studied to a better management and optimization of the process.This thesis proposes a descriptive modeling of the technology transfer process. The aim is to have better understanding of the dynamics of technology transfer projects, and developing best practices to improve its management.In the theoretical field, we analyzed the models of the literature and proposed a meta-model of technology transfer from the point of view of systems engineering. We then sought to better understand the phenomena in situ.In order to reach our aim, an observation methodology for data collection at the micro level has been developed. We followed five transfer projects for a period ranging from three months to two years. Two dimensions have been emphasized: the immaterial and the material dimension. The concept of Intermediate Transfer Object (ITO) is introduced from the concept of design intermediary object.The data obtained were analyzed using two approaches:- a comparative descriptive approach, identifying invariants and divergent phenomena between the five processes. This has allowed us to propose best practices for technology transfer project management in the context of brazing.- a multicriteria approach based on the rough sets theory. This approach provides useful information for understanding the process through the decision rules. It validated the importance of the technology transfer object in the dynamics and the success of a project
Mauguière, Frédéric. "Etude de la dynamique vibrationnelle de molécules triatomiques par les orbites périodiques et leurs bifurcations à partir de modèles effectifs et ab initio : états excités et effets de substitutions isotopiques." Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001115.pdf.
Full textThis thesis work is devoted to vibrational dynamics of triatomic molecules nucleus. For this problem we have a double approach. First, we make quantum calculations by variational, DVR and contact transformations methods. Then we use nonlinear dynamics methods to interpret quantum results. The first part recalls some mathematics about dynamical systems and bifurcation theory. A review of the problem of vibrations in molecular physics is also given. The second part concerns dynamics of vibration with effective models. These models consist of effective hamiltonians built by contact transformations methods. A correspondence principle is used to obtain classical hamiltonians and then make a periodic orbit analysis. These periodic orbits are systematically compared with quantum wave functions. Finally, the last part discusses the dynamics of vibration directly from the potential energy surface. We lead quantum variational and DVR calculations with large basis. The study of periodic orbits brings to light the quantum results. In a first time we are interested in C2v symmetry group molecules. Then we are interested in isotopic substitions who break the symmetry from C2v to Cs
Vigan, Marie. "Modélisation de données longitudinales et de données d'événements répétés par des modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes : application à la maladie de Gaucher." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077164.
Full textGaucher disease (GD) is a rare genetic disease. Different biomarkers are altered and patients also have bone events (BE). An enzymatic substitution treatment is available. To analyze the evolution of biomarkers, nonlinear mixed effects models are used and, for BE, frailty models. Those models require specific estimation methods that we assessed by simulation. For frailty models, we compared SAEM algorithm implemented in Monolix to the adaptative Gaussian quadrature (AGQ) implemented in SAS. We also evaluated the powers of the Wald test and the likelihood ratio test of a binary covariate. We then evaluated SAEM algorithm for joint models of longitudinal data and repeated events and evalue the power to detect the link between longitudinal data and repeated events. Results obtained for the estimation of parameters give us few biases and, for frailty models, results are comparable between SAEM and AGQ. We performed an epidemiological description of the French registry of GD. In treated patients, we used a pathophysiological model to describe the evolution of biomarkers under treatment and we analyzed the occurrence of repeated BE. We tested the link between biomarkers and the occurrence of BE. To have a BE before treatment increased three-fold the risk during treatment. We will continue this work with the use of the model we developed to individualize treatment doses
Bitar, Nicolás. "Subshifts of Finite Type on Groups : Emptiness and Aperiodicity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG034.
Full textA subshift of finite type is a set of tilings of a group subject to a finite number of local constraints, where the group acts by translation. In recent years, much progress has been made in understanding their dynamical and computational properties. The goal of this thesis is to continue the study of how the algebraic and geometric properties of the underlying group influence the properties of subshifts of finite type defined on the group. The results are divided into three broad categories: decidability, aperiodicity, and substitutions. For the first part, we study the Domino Problem, its variants, and the consequences of its undecidability on many finitely generated groups. We classify the computability of the Seeded Domino Problem, the Recurring Domino Problem, the k-SAT Problem, and Domino Snake Problems for many well-known classes of groups. In particular, they are all decidable for virtually free groups. This classification is obtained through reductions involving SFT constructions, automata theory, and Monadic Second Order Logic. At the end of the first part, we go on a tangent to study the set of bi-infinite self-avoiding walks on Cayley graphs. This set appears naturally in the study of the Infinite Snake Problem and is a ℤ-subshift. We classify for which groups this subshift is aperiodic, of finite type, and sofic. We also study its entropy and its relation to the connective constant of the Cayley graph. The second part tackles the existence of strongly and weakly aperiodic subshifts of finite type. We begin with a survey on the state of the art of these problems and explore parallels with problems from probability and combinatorics. We then look at which subgroups of a group can be realized as the stabilizers of subshifts of finite type, establishing both algebraic and computational conditions for this to happen. Within this same framework, we introduce the class of periodically rigid groups, i.e. groups where every weakly aperiodic subshift of finite type is strongly aperiodic. We end this part by building upon the work of Aubrun and Kari to construct the first examples of strongly aperiodic subshifts of finite type on non-solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups and on Fₙ x ℤ. By theorems of Whyte and Cohen, we obtain the existence of such subshifts for non-cyclic generalized Baumslag-Solitar groups. The final part of the thesis introduces new notions of substitutions, S-adic systems, and their corresponding subshifts for countable groups. We identify three classes groups. First, we define S-decomposable groups. These groups have the appropriate hierarchical structure for defining general S-adic systems. Second, we study ccc groups introduced by Gao, Jackson, and Seward, as they allow the definition of constant-shape S-adic systems. Third, we introduce monoform groups. These groups allow for the definition of constant-shape substitutions. We provide examples for all three classes and examples for their corresponding S-adic systems. We finish studying the dynamical properties of the subshifts defined by these systems. We show that, in general, they are minimal under primitivity conditions, and that for some amenable ccc groups, they have zero entropy and are uniquely ergodic
Guille-Biel, Winder Claire. "Contribution à l'étude des opérateurs de Schrödinger discrets." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965017.
Full textDan, Yufang. "SECURITY AND SELF-HEALABILITY ENFORCEMENT OF DYNAMIC COMPONENTS IN A SERVICE-ORIENTED SYSTEM." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994833.
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