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Academic literature on the topic 'Dynamique de population d’hôte-parasite'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dynamique de population d’hôte-parasite"
Chartier, C., A. Ngota, L. Lonu, and J. Cabaret. "Dynamique de population deLymnaea natalensisdans les environs de Bunia (Ituri, Haut-Zaïre)." Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 65, no. 4 (1990): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1990654177.
Full textMarquez, F. J. "Dynamique de la population deRhipicephalus pusillusGil Collado, 1938 (Acarina, Ixodidae) en 1986-1987 dans le sud-est de l’Espagne : modélisation du cycle biologique." Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 64, no. 5 (1989): 374–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1989645374.
Full textBourgat, R., R. Touassem, and L. Tubau. "Dynamique de la population de Sphaerostoma maius Janiszewska, 1949, Trématode parasite du Chevaine (Leuciscus cephalus L.) du cours inférieur de la Têt (Pyrénées-Orientales)." Revue suisse de zoologie. 97 (1990): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.79747.
Full textBa, Y., J. Trouillet, J. Thonnon, and D. Fontenille. "Phlébotomes du Sénégal (Diptera-Psychodidae) : peuplement et dynamique des populations de la région de Mont-Rolland." Parasite 5, no. 2 (June 1998): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1998052143.
Full textGuilvard, E., and J. A. Rioux. "Dynamique de l’autogenèse dans les populations naturelles d’Aedes (O.) detritus(Haliday, 1833) espèce jumelle A [Diptera - Culicidae] en Camargue." Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 61, no. 1 (1986): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1986611109.
Full textMwageni, Werner, Vivian Blok, Andrew Daudi, George Bala, Keith Davies, Casper Netscher, Abdoussalam Sawadogo, et al. "The importance of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and factors affecting the utility of Pasteuria penetrans as a biocontrol agent." Nematology 2, no. 8 (2000): 823–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100750112789.
Full textKhouaja, Leila, Slimane Ben Miled, and Hassan Hbid. "Population dynamics modelling : Impact of climate change on tick populations." Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 22 - 2016-2018 (December 5, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.2553.
Full textRondelaud, Daniel, Philippe Vignoles, Philippe Hourdin, and Gilles Dreyfuss. "Les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur les hôtes intermédiaires de Fasciola hepatica en Haute-Vienne." Tome 29 | 2020, no. 29 (December 11, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/asl.1068.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Dynamique de population d’hôte-parasite"
Lyoussoufi, Abderrahmane. "Bioécologie et dynamique de population du psylle du poirier Cacopsylla pyri (L. ) (Homoptera : Psyllidae). Influence de la phénologie et de la structure de l'arbre." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30034.
Full textBrouard, Vianney. "Cell dynamics of multitype populations in oncology and Invasion probability of cooperative parasites in structured host populations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENSL0037.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study of two stochastic models related to medical problems. The first one lies on understanding infection spread of cooperating bacteriophages on a structured multi-drug resistant bacterial host population. Motivated by this example, we introduce an epidemiological model where infections are generated by cooperation of parasites in a host population structured on a configuration model. We analysed the invasion probability for which we obtain a phase transition depending on the connectivity degree of the vertices and the offspring number of parasites during an infection of a host. At the critical scaling, the invasion probability is identified as the survival probability of a Galton-Watson process. With the aim to get a biological more relevant model, we analysed a similar model where a spatial structure is added for the host population using a random geometric graph. We have shown that such spatial structure facilitates cooperation of parasites. A similar phase transition occurs where at the same critical scaling the invasion probability is upper and lower bounded by the survival probabilities of two discrete branching processes with cooperation. The second medical question deals with understanding the evolution of the genetic composition of a tumor under carcinogenesis, using multitype birth and death branching process models on a general finite trait space. In the case of neutral and deleterious cancer evolution, we provide first-order asymptotics results on all mutant subpopulation sizes. In particular such results capture the randomness of all cell trait sizes when a tumor is clinically observed, and mostly it allows to characterize the effective evolutionary pathways, providing information on the past, present, and future of tumor evolution.Moving beyond this restrictive neutral and deleterious cancer evolution framework, we provide a new method to understand the first selective mutant trait size
Boyer, Séverine. "Ecologie du copépode calanoïde Paracartia grani : implication dans le cycle de vie du parasite Marteilia refringens dans la lagune de Thau." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20147/document.
Full textIn this study, the life cycle of Paracartia grani, a calanoid copepod belonging to the Acartiidae family was determined in Thau lagoon. Indeed, the copepod involvement in the life cycle of the parasite Marteilia refringens affecting the bivalves production is suspected. Mesozooplanktonic community was monitored twice a month over two years at a fixed station in the lagoon. Sampling has identified P. grani as the acartiid dominant species in summer. From April to January, the copepod is found in the water column while from February to early April it remains in the sediment as diapausing eggs. The analysis of the population structure (size spectrum, contribution of developmental stages and sex ratio) has revealed that there are 9 generations per year. The study of the influence of three environmental parameters (temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a concentration) on the dynamic nesting species indicated that P. grani egg production was mainly governed by temperature and its rapid increase in spring could trigger the hatching of diapause eggs.The second objective of this study aimed to describe the dynamics of the parasite M. refringens in P. grani, and in the bivalves Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus in the Thau lagoon. Histological and in situ hybridization analysis allowed describing the different forms of the parasite in these three species. Research of M. refringens by PCR in P. grani copepodites revealed that the parasite DNA presence in the copepod from June to November, when new mussels appeared infected. Experiments to measure the retention efficiency of the different stages of development of P. grani by mussels have shown that all developmental stages could be involved in M. refringens life cycle, especially copepod eggs that have also shown positive results by PCR. Our study has allowed clarifying interaction between copepods, parasites and mussels but not elucidate completely M. refringens life cycle. Questions remain especially regarding way of transmission of parasite from copepods to mussels and the potential impact of the parasite on the copepod itself
Villette, Petra. "Spatial and temporal characteristics of bacterial parasite communities in outbreaking fossorial water vole (Arvicola terrestris) populations : static uniformity or dynamic heterogeneity?" Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD056/document.
Full textContext In France, during cyclic population surges, water voles, Arvicola terrestri, cause extensive damage to mountain grassland. A working group consisting of researchers from the University of Franche-Comté (UFC), INRA (Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations) agricultural organizations (Fédération Régionale de Défense contre les Organismes Nuisibles de Franche-Comté, FREDON) are working on systems approach in which interactions between voles, their habitat (landscape, predators) and agricultural practices are analysed hierarchically (in space and time). One of the objectives is to highlight the largest possible number of control factors on which it is possible to act, and the scale at which these actions are relevant. These studies have helped initiate a strategy, successfully tested in Franche-Comté and in Auvergne, which promotes the integrated control of water vole populations. Nevertheless, there are still grey areas in the understanding of the cycle, particularly on the determinants of the decline phase. The role of pathogen communities (some species may even be transmitted to humans) so far remains the subject of debate in the scientific literature. The understanding of the key factors determining this phase should allow farmers to better anticipate economic impacts and to adopt optimal strategies for vole population control Objectives: (1) To test the pathogens and senescence hypotheses in order to explain the population decline. (2) To look for biological indicators (diversity of pathogens and / or immune indicators) that may predict the decline phase in order to anticipate appropriate measures to restore grasslands. (3) To assess the role of the transition between high population density phase and the decline phase for the emergence of pathogens in vole populations that may cause human diseases.General Methodology Population monitoring with regular (monthly) sampling will be made on several populations (replicates) in the period that brackets the vole population declines. Methods based on Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) makes it possible to establish extensive catalogues of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, other parasites) hosted by vole populations and to measure the prevalence
Loiseau, Claire. "Réponses au stress environnemental et à la pression parasitaire en populations naturelles : approches physiologique et génétique : Etudes chez le moineau domestique Passer domesticus." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066468.
Full textGam, Meriame. "Dynamique des systèmes parasites - hôte, entre trematodes digènes et coque Cerastoderma edule : comparaison de la lagune de Merja Zerga avec le bassin d'Arcachon." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13684/document.
Full textThe global dynamics of the parasites-host systems (PHS) ‘digenean trematodes – cockle Cerastoderma edule’ was simultaneously studied in Merja Zerga (Morocco) and Arcachon Bay (France). Cockle population dynamics exhibited an intra- and inter-site variability mostly explained by temperature, predation, competition and sedimentary dynamics. In both lagoons, recruitment occurred at 19° C, with a temporal delay due to latitudinal position (April-May at Merja Zerga, and June-July at Arcachon). Growth rates were similar in both cockle populations (K=1.5 an-1) but growth performances were higher at Arcachon (F’=3.3) than at Merja Zerga (F’=3.1). Production was higher at Merja Zerga (36-65 g dry weight.m-2.yr-1). P/B was low in both sites and slighly higher at Arguin (1.1-1.5 contre 1.0-1.1 yr-1). Both sites exhibited rich parasite communities with 11 species at Merja Zerga and 13 species at Arguin, corresponding to 69 and 81% of the identified cockle parasite species richness (digeneans). Great distances and climate differences did not alter the structure of parasite communities. Structure and dynamics of PHS related to latitude showed the moderate effect of temperature, within this climate range. At Merja Zerga, temperature was not a limiting factor for parasite infestation, in contrast with what happens in northern countries. But eventually, parasite loads in adult cockles were similar in both sites. Echinostomatids and gymnophallids were the most contributive families explaining parasite- dependent mortality. Digenean impact on cockle resulted in an increasing of E/B, with a higher effect at Merja Zerga. This difference could be linked to a higher virulence in southern sites. The presence of seagrass beds, the position between subtidal and intertidal and the cockle density remained secondary factors in controlling parasite infestation
Nguyen, Huu Tri. "Echelles de temps et dynamique spatiotemporelle de populations." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22099.pdf.
Full textAggregation of variables methods allow reducing complexity of models in population dynamics by building simplified models governing fewer variables. We first use those methods to study spatial host-parasitoids models on patches. Those models are composed of a local interaction submodel and a dispersal submodel. Dispersal consists in k events of elementary dispersal on the nearest neighbours. We study the influence of parameter k on global dynamics and persistence of the system. We then develop a model of a virus in a marine environment to study the “plankton paradox”: plankton dynamics violate the principle of competitive exclusion. The study of our system shows that the presence of a virus enables the coexistence of two different species of bacteria
Bendahmane, Mostafa. "Solutions L1 pour des systèmes de réaction-advection-diffusion intervenant en dynamique des populations." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12461.
Full textLe, Rouzic Arnaud. "Modélisation de la dynamique évolutive des éléments transposables : naissance, vie et mort d'un parasite génomique." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112201.
Full textTransposable elements are one of the main components of the genomes, and they can be found in almost every living organism. However, except in a few "molecular domestication" events, they seem to maintain themselves in the genomes thanks to their own multiplication ability, and they are thus generally considered as "parasitic" DNA sequences. In the present work, we have investigated, through a simulation software, a population genetics model of a transposable element family. The different stages of the "life cycle" of the element have been studied, from the very first generations following its arrival in a new species, to its long-term co-evolution with the other elements and genes in the genome. The results presented here highlight the complexity of the evolution of these genomic parasites, and several realistic evolutionary scenarios can be proposed. In the most cases, a stable equilibrium state appears to be unlikely, and the invasion of a transposable elements family seems to be a dynamic process, depending not only on the features of the element, but also on the interactions existing between the host genome and its parasitic DNA sequences
Charbonnel, Nathalie. "De la génétique à la dynamique des populations : l'exemple du gastéropode des eaux douces, Biomphalaria pfeifferi à Madagascar." Montpellier, ENSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENSA0018.
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