Journal articles on the topic 'Dynamic wall loads'
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1
Zhang, Yi, Jiahui Hu, Wenda Zhao, Feng Hu, and Xiao Yu. "Numerical Study on the Dynamic Behaviors of Masonry Wall under Far-Range Explosions." Buildings 13, no. 2 (February 6, 2023): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020443.
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As a common enclosure structure, masonry walls are widely used in various types of buildings. However, due to the weak out-of-plane resistance of masonry walls and the generally brittle properties of the materials used for blocks, they are highly susceptible to collapse under blast loads and produce high-speed splash fragments, which seriously threatens the safety of personnel and equipment inside buildings. In this paper, based on the existing tests, a refined numerical simulation model was established to carry out numerical studies of clay tile walls and grouted CMU masonry infill walls under far-range blast loads, and the applicability of the finite element model and parameters were verified. Further, the effects of wall boundary configuration, constraints and dimensions on the dynamic response of the walls were carried out. The results show that: the load distribution on the wall is relatively uniform under the far-range explosion and can be considered as uniform load; the blast-resistant performance of the wall can be enhanced by increasing the grouting rate and the uniformity of grout hole distribution; the boundary configuration of the wall has little effect on the blast resistance, while the boundary constraints and the length and width are the main factors affecting the blast resistance of the wall.
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Jia, Zhenzhen, Qing Ye, and He Li. "Damage Assessment of Roadway Wall Caused by Dynamic and Static Load Action of Gas Explosion." Processes 11, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11020580.
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In order to obtain the damage characteristics of a roadway wall caused by a gas explosion, the damage evaluation theory of a roadway wall under the dynamic and static loads of a gas explosion is analyzed in this paper. Meanwhile, an evaluation method (overpressure–impulse criterion) is selected to evaluate the damage of the roadway wall under the impact load of the gas explosion. A mathematical model and a physical analysis model of the roadway wall damage are established by LS-DYNA software. The dynamic response of the roadway wall caused by the dynamic and static loads of the gas explosion is numerically simulated. The overpressure and impulse of gas explosion propagation are measured, while the damage data of the roadway wall under different overpressure and impulse loads are obtained. The P-I curves of the roadway wall under different dynamic and static loads of gas explosion are drawn. The fitting formula of P-I curves of the roadway wall is obtained. The influence of different geostress loads (0–20 MPa) on the P-I curve is analyzed. The shape of the P-I curve is similar under different geostress conditions. The difference is mainly shown in different sizes of P0 and I0. The numerical simulation results show that the P-I curve and the effect of geostress on roadway wall damage could reflect the dynamic response of the roadway wall. The damage degree and damage range of the roadway wall increase with the increase in explosion load energy. Under the action of different geostresses, the overpressure asymptote P0 and the impulse asymptote I0 show linear changes. The above research results could provide a theoretical basis and data support for the evaluation of roadway wall damage caused by gas explosions.
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Liu, Ruo Fei, Cheng Wei Huang, and Zhi Peng Huo. "Dynamic Response of the Glass Curtain Wall of the Cable Truss under Wind Loads." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.921.
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The point-supported cable truss curtain wall is widely applied in today's high-rise construction structural design. The wind load is the main loads which are bore by Point supported glass curtain wall structure. When the curtain wall glass panels are subject to wind load, the panel will transform form surface loads to point load by spider claws passed to the supporting structure. This paper adopts the method of time domain and ANSYS software to analyse point-supported glass curtain wall cable truss structure of wind-induced vibration response.
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Chen, Bo, Pengpeng Zhong, Weihua Cheng, Xinzhong Chen, and Qingshan Yang. "Correlation and Combination Factors of Wind Forces on Cylindrical Roof Structures." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 17, no. 09 (October 23, 2017): 1750104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455417501048.
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The correlations among wind pressures on roof and walls are examined for the cylindrical roof buildings with different rise-span ratios based on wind tunnel data. Wind-induced dynamic response is also analyzed with a parametric study concerning span length, rise-span ratio, stiffness of supporting frames and connection type between roof and supporting frames, where the roof system is a single-layer cylindrical reticular shell. For both roof and supporting frames, the responses induced by vertical wind loads on the roof and by horizontal wind loads on the walls are investigated. The correlation coefficients of these response components are examined. The results showed that the fluctuating wind pressure on the roof is strongly correlated with the wind pressure on the side wall and the leeward wall, but weakly correlated with the wind pressure on the windward wall. The response of roof and supporting frames caused by the wind loads on the roof is much larger than that of wind loads on the walls. On the bases of a comprehensive parameter study and complete quadratic combination (CQC) rule, a practical simplified combination rule is suggested for estimating response of roof and supporting frames. It is given as sum of response component caused by wind load on roof and that of wind load on walls multiplied with a combination factor of [Formula: see text].
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Mentari, Sekar, and Rosi Nursani. "Analysis of Effective Location of Shear Wall for High Rise Building with U – Configuration." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 23, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v23i2.32009.
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Indonesia is one of the countries that is prone to earthquakes. In addition to the dead loads, superimposed dead loads, and live loads, the design of buildings in Indonesia must be concerned with earthquake loads. Installing shear walls in the building structure as the Special Moment Frame Dual System is one of a solution to withstand earthquake loads. However, the location of shear walls must be considered, especially in buildings with horizontal irregularities. This study aims to determine the optimum location of the shear walls in a 10-storey building that has U-configuration with dynamic earthquake loads. This research is a numerical simulation ran by modelling the structure with software. To know the effect of the shear wall’s location on a building, several variations of the shear wall configuration with different positions have been conducted. It can be seen the lateral displacement of each floor and the shear force are the response structure to withstand the dynamic earthquake loads. Shear walls that are located close to the center of mass of the building are the optimum variation because the position of the shear wall is the closest to the core area of the building, which is the rotational axis of the building.
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Lin, Yu Liang, and Guo Lin Yang. "Dynamic Deformation Behavior and Life Analysis of Green Reinforced Gabion Retaining Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.251.
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In order to study dynamic deformation behavior of green reinforced gabion retaining wall, lab test was carried out and the dynamic loads of 4 frequencies and 4 amplitudes were imposed. The total cycles of dynamic load reached 2 million. Lateral and vertical deformation behaviors of green reinforced gabion retaining wall were investigated, and the main factors which influenced the dynamic deformation behavior and their significance were obtained. Meanwhile, fatigue life analysis on green reinforced gabion retaining wall was made. The results show that dynamic deformation is greatly affected by amplitude and the cycles of dynamic load, not significantly affected by frequency. The maximum lateral and vertical deformation occur in the fifth layer of green reinforced gabion wall. With the increase of train load and train speed, fatigue damage and fatigue life of green reinforced gabion retaining wall can be estimated based on accumulative fatigue damage theory.
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Wang, De Ling, and Li Guo. "Force and Compression Analysis for Rigid Retaining Walls with EPS Buffer." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 959–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.959.
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In this paper, the force against rigid retaining walls from backfill soil under static loads and vibration loads is analyzed within three cases. The first case is an ordinary retaining wall without expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam buffer. In the second and the third case, a layer of vertical EPS buffer with different density and elastic modulus is placed between a rigid retaining wall and backfill soil. Numerical simulation results show that the force against the same retaining wall in the treated cases is less than that in the untreated case, under both static loads and vibration loads. Moreover, the compression of different EPS buffer is studied. Under vibration excitation, when the density and elastic modulus of EPS buffer decreases, its compression increases and more wall force is mitigated. Simulation results accord with the physical shaking table test data. Numerical results and physical test demonstrate that EPS geofoam seismic buffers hold great promise to reduce loads against rigid retaining wall structures, especially earthquake-induced dynamic loads.
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Ma, Shuzhi, Hongbiao Jia, and Xiaolang Liu. "Effect of the Wall-Back Inclination Angle on the Inertial Loading Distribution along Gravity-Retaining Walls: An Experimental Study on the Shaking Table Test." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (December 23, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8632920.
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The gravity-retaining wall is a common retaining structure in geotechnical engineering. The inertial load acting on the retaining wall itself (the horizontal seismic action) under earthquake conditions is one of the major loadings to be elaborately considered for the design of gravity-retaining walls. The horizontal seismic action of the retaining walls under seismic loading is dominated by the combination of the mass distribution of the wall body and the acceleration distribution along wall height. The mass distribution can be calculated by the wall geometry and density of the wall body. By contrast, due to the whipping effect, horizontal seismic acceleration along wall height often shows obvious amplification in relation to ground acceleration. Such a distribution of acceleration amplification is of great importance to comprehend the safe design of retaining walls. Nonvertical retaining walls, such as inclined and reclined retaining walls, are often used in practical engineering, and their dynamic responses under seismic actions will be different from those of vertical walls. This paper focused on the examination of the influence of the wall-back inclination angle of retaining walls on the dynamic acceleration distribution along wall height due to seismic actions. Dynamic responses of vertical, inclined, and reclined gravity retaining walls under various earthquake loads were tested on a shaking table system. Seismic acceleration time-history curves were recorded under different seismic waves and intensities. The influence of the wall-back inclination angle of retaining walls on the seismic effect was thus analyzed. The tested results showed that the wall-back inclination angle of retaining walls has a significant influence on the seismic dynamic response. The amplification coefficients of peak acceleration of the gravity retaining wall follow the order of the reclined type > the vertical type > the inclined type. Based on the experimental results, the amplification coefficient of peak acceleration was statistically analyzed under the commonly used risk level in engineering seismic design. A formula for the calculation of the horizontal earthquake action distribution coefficient along wall height was proposed involving the effect of the wall-back inclination angle, which might improve the existing calculation method of retaining wall design. The results of this work would guide the earthquake resistance dynamic design of retaining walls.
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Wang, He, Nan Wang, Guangqing Yang, and Jian Ma. "Model Test and Numerical Simulation Research of Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls under Cyclic Loads." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 15643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315643.
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The stress diffusion characteristics of reinforced soil retaining walls (RSW) with concrete-block panels under cyclic loads are studied. The distribution of the vertical dynamic earth pressure caused by an external load and the analysis of stress diffusion angles were studied using a model test and the numerical simulation model of the reinforced soil retaining wall was established to analyze the change in the stress diffusion angle. We then changed the parameters to investigate the influencing factors of the stress diffusion characteristics. The results showed that: the average value of the peak vertical dynamic earth pressure caused by an external load at the loading position of the RSW was a nonlinear distribution, decaying from top to bottom and increasing with the increase in the loading amplitude, while the change in the loading frequency number of loading cycles had no obvious rule. The results of model test and numerical simulation agree with each other. The diffusion angle of the stress caused by the external load of the reinforced body was basically between 50° and 65° in the range from 1.8 m to 1.2 m, the diffusion angle at the top was slightly larger than the middle, and the diffusion angle away from the wall was larger than the diffusion angle close to the wall. The main factors affecting the stress diffusion in reinforced soil retaining walls are the coefficient of reinforcement of the soil and the dynamic stress amplitude; the stress diffusion angle increased with an increase in the coefficient of the reinforcement of the soil and the dynamic stress amplitude. The conclusion of this paper can provide a reference for the design of reinforced soil structures.
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Fəxrəddin oğlu Məmmədov, Ədalət. "Dynamic study of the mechanism of movement of the trolley of a revolving crane mounted on a wall." SCIENTIFIC WORK 77, no. 4 (April 17, 2022): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/77/317-323.
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Divara bərkidilmiş dönən kran sənaye müəssisələrində, tikinti meydançalarında və başqa yerlərdə yük-boşaltma işlərində geniş istifadə olunur. İş zamanı kranın arabacığının hərəkət mexanizminin qərarlaşmayan hərəkətlər zamanı dinamik yüklərə məruz qalır. Bu zaman dinamik yüklər statik yüklərə nəzərən daha böyük qiymət alır. Həmçinin kranda yük asılarkən onun yellənməsı baş verir. Ona görə kranların dəqiqləşdirilmiş hesabı zamanı yükün rəqslərinin dəqiq qiymətləndirilməsi lazımdır. Bu məqsadlən arabacığın dinamik tədqiqi aparılmışdır. Açar sözlər: kran, arabacıq, rəqs, hərəkət tənliyi, qüvvə, kütlə, sistem, diferensial tənlik Adalat Fakhraddin Mammadov Dynamic study of the mechanism of movement of the trolley of a revolving crane mounted on a wall Abstract The wall-mounted revolving crane is widely used in industrial enterprises, construction sites and other places for loading and unloading. During operation, the crane trolley is subjected to dynamic loads during unsteady movements of the moving mechanism. In this case, dynamic loads are more expensive than static loads. It also swings when the load is hung on the crane. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately estimate the load oscillations during the precise calculation of the cranes. For this purpose, a dynamic study of the wheelchair was conducted. Key words: crane, trolley, dance, equation of motion, force, mass, system
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Geng, Min. "A Short Review on the Dynamic Characteristics of Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls under Cyclic Loading." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (September 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5537912.
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The internal force and the form of reinforced soil wall used in high-speed railway change due to the static loads of self-gravity and rail system and dynamic load of train travelling. As a kind of flexible retaining structure, the study of the dynamic characteristics of reinforced retaining walls is of great significance for its engineering application and structural analysis. In this article, recent advances in using various research methods on the dynamic characteristics of reinforced retaining walls are reviewed. Through a series of experimental studies and numerical analysis, the research progress of dynamic characteristics of reinforced retaining walls is summarized. The advantages, disadvantages, and application of various test methods are analyzed. Finally, laboratory model tests are expounded based on previous research achievements, and prospects are proposed on the development of dynamic characteristics of reinforced retaining walls.
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Hamdi, Reham E., Mohammed Y. Fattah, and Mohammed F. Aswad. "Studying The Settlement of Backfill Sandy Soil Behind Retaining Wall Under Dynamic Loads." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 7A (July 25, 2020): 992–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i7a.528.
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For a long time, the seismic examination of retaining walls has been contemplated by a few strategies dependent on the basic augmentation of Coulomb's limit equilibrium investigation. These techniques cannot gauge the removal of the refill soil upheld by the wall. A trial examination is completed to contemplate the vertical settlement on sandy soil under dynamic loads with other burden amplitudes, vibration frequencies, relative density, and various separations between the establishment and holding divider. The model balance utilized in this investigation is square. Dynamic burden test is done on cohesion less soil with three burden amplitudes (0.25 ton, 0.5 ton and 1 ton), three vibration recurrence (0.5 Hz, 1 Hz and 2 Hz), two density of sandy soil (30% loose sand and 70% dense sand) and three unique separations between the establishment and retaining wall. It has been seen that the change is increment with the burden of abundance and decreased by increasing the separation between the establishment and retaining wall. There is an unimportant result of recurrence on the aggregate settlement. The settlement decrement by incrementing the relative density
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Filiatrault, A. "Static and dynamic analysis of timber shear walls." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 4 (August 1, 1990): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-073.
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Light-frame wood structures have evolved in recent years to the point where their earthquake resistance is now questionable. Shear walls are commonly used to provide lateral stiffness and strength in wood buildings. Therefore, accurate predictions of the seismic behaviour of timber shear walls are necessary in order to evaluate the safety of existing timber buildings and improve design practice. This paper develops and validates a simple structural analysis model to predict the behaviour of timber shear walls under lateral static loads and earthquake excitations. The model is restricted to two-dimensional shear walls with arbitrary geometry. The nonlinear load –slip characteristics of the fasteners are used in a displacement-based energy formulation to yield the static and dynamic equilibrium equations. The model is embedded in a shear wall analysis program (SWAP) developed for microcomputer applications. The predictions of the model are compared with full-scale racking and shake table tests. The ability of the model to accurately predict the lateral stiffness, the ultimate lateral load capacity, and the complete earthquake response of timber shear walls is clearly demonstrated. Key words: dynamics, earthquakes, seismic response, timber construction, walls, wood.
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Kong, Jiang, Jiang, Wu, Chen, and Ning. "Numerical Analysis of Roadway Rock-Burst Hazard Under Superposed Dynamic and Static Loads." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 3761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193761.
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Microseismic events commonly occur during the excavation of long wall panels and often cause rock-burst accidents when the roadway is influenced by dynamic loads. In this paper, the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3-Dimensions (FLAC3D) software is used to study the deformation and rock-burst potential of roadways under different dynamic and static loads. The results show that the larger the dynamic load is, the greater the increase in the deformation of the roadway under the same static loading conditions. A roadway under a high static load is more susceptible to deformation and instability when affected by dynamic loads. Under different static loading conditions, the dynamic responses of the roadway abutment stress distribution are different. When the roadway is shallow buried and the dynamic load is small, the stress and elastic energy density of the coal body in the area of the peak abutment stress after the dynamic load are greater than the static calculations. The dynamic load provides energy storage for the coal body in the area of the peak abutment stress. When the roadway is deep, a small dynamic load can still cause the stress in the coal body and the elastic energy density to decrease in the area of the peak abutment stress, and a rock-burst is more likely to occur in a deep mine roadway with a combination of a high static load and a weak dynamic load. When the dynamic load is large, the peak abutment stress decreases greatly after the dynamic loading, and under the same dynamic loading conditions, the greater the depth the roadway is, the greater the elastic energy released by the dynamic load. Control measures are discussed for different dynamic and static load sources of rock-burst accidents. The results provide a reference for the control of rock-burst disasters under dynamic loads.
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Yuan, Liting, Zhiyi Wang, Yanyan Huang, and Xiaolong Wang. "Comparative Analysis on Load Characteristic of Intermittently Conditioned Buildings for Different Wall Insulation Forms." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 4974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184974.
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The Air-conditioning System (ACS), used in office buildings in the hot summer and cold winter zone of China, are always operate intermittently. The dynamic thermal behaviors of building walls with real climate conditions may be different from those with only the representative day’s climate conditions, due to the time varying nature of the climate, which will lead to the variation of the ACS loads. A numerical calculation was performed to analyze the effects of insulation form on heat behavior of external walls and ACS loads. The results indicate that cooling transmission load with inside insulation reaches its maximum value when the solar-air temperature in daytime is the highest, while that with outside insulation occurs at the time when the air temperature at night is the highest during summer. Heating transmission load for the wall with external and internal insulation both peaks in the day with lowest mean outdoor temperature during the last non-working period. Inside insulation can be considered a better way to reduce the peak load, peak-valley load difference and energy consumption.
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Wang, Deling, and Richard J. Bathurst. "Numerical Analysis of Earthquake Load Mitigation on Rigid Retaining Walls Using EPS Geofoam." Open Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 1 (March 9, 2012): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501206010021.
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The mitigation of seismic-induced dynamic earth forces by placing a vertical layer of expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam buffer between a rigid retaining wall and the backfill soil is a recent geotechnical innovation. In this paper, the influence of an EPS geofoam buffer on the reduction of dynamic wall forces is numerically studied by simulating the results of three reduced-scale models of rigid walls mounted on a large shaking table. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite element program ABAQUS. The paper shows that the numerical results capture the trend in earth forces with increasing base acceleration for all three models. The quantitative dynamic load-time response from the numerical simulations was also judged to be in good agreement with measured physical test values. The numerical trend of EPS geofoam also is the same as that of measured test data. With the increasing time, the compression of EPS geofoam increases. And softer EPS geofoam produces more compression which takes more vibration energy by its deformation. The numerical results confirm the results of physical tests that demonstrate that EPS geofoam seismic buffers hold great promise to reduce earthquake-induced dynamic loads against rigid retaining wall structures.
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Szczepański, Marcin, and Wojciech Migda. "Timber frame houses resistant to dynamic loads - seismic analysis." MATEC Web of Conferences 219 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821901001.
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The aim of the article is to present results of seismic analysis results of two real-sized timber frame buildings subjected to seismic excitations. The first model was insulated with mineral wool, the second one with polyurethane foam. Technology and specifications involved in both models construction is based on the previously conducted experimental research on timber frame houses, including wall panels tests, wall numerical models and study on material properties and precisely reflect results of the those research. During the seismic analysis reference node located in buildings were selected. In selected node displacement values were measured and compared between two analyzed models. The results of the numerical analysis presented in the article indicate that the application of polyurethane foam for a skeleton filling of the timber-frame building leads to the increase in stiffness as well as damping of the whole structure, which results in a considerable increase in the seismic resistance of the structure.
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Safi, Walid Ahmad, Yo Hibino, Koichi Kusunoki, Tomohisa Mukai, Yasushi Sanada, Izumi Nakamura, and Satoru Fukai. "The Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Members with Monolithic Non-Structural Walls under Static and Dynamic Loads." Buildings 10, no. 5 (May 6, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10050087.
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The required base shear and drift limit for post-disaster management buildings have increased in the Japanese Building Code following major seismic events. One method to satisfy these requirements for reinforced concrete frame buildings is to cast exterior non-structural concrete wall elements to be monolithic with frame elements, but without anchoring the longitudinal wall reinforcing. This provides additional stiffness and strength while limiting significant damage in the non-structural wall. In this study, the structural performances of such elements were evaluated using static and dynamic experimental tests. The result indicates that non-structural walls that were neither isolated by seismic slits nor anchored to the adjacent walls with longitudinal reinforcements experienced less damage and higher deformability compared with walls having seismic slits. The confinement reinforcing impact was not observed on the strength and drift capacity of the beam member, owing to the large number of transverse reinforcements. However, the confinements limited the damage and nearly prevented concrete crushing. The maximum horizontal load of the specimen could be predicted using cross-sectional analysis, and the authors propose a simple equation to predict it with sufficient accuracy.
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Xiao, Zhe, Michael A. Lacasse, Maurice Defo, and Elena Dragomirescu. "Assessing the Moisture Load in a Vinyl-Clad Wall Assembly through Watertightness Tests." Buildings 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030117.
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The moisture load in wall assemblies is typically considered as 1% of the Wind Driving Rain (WDR) load that is deposited on the surface of wall assemblies as specified in the ASHRAE-160 standard whereas this ratio has been shown to be inaccurate as compared to results derived from several watertightness tests. Accurate assessment of moisture loads arising from WDR can be obtained through the watertightness test during which different levels of WDR intensities and Driving Rain Wind Pressures (DRWPs) are applied to a test specimen and water that penetrates wall assembly can thus be quantified. Although many previous studies have included watertightness tests, only a few of these have attempted to correlate the moisture loads to WDR conditions as may occur in specific locations within a country. To improve the assessment of moisture loads for a vinyl-clad wall assembly, a wall test specimen was tested following a test protocol based on local climate data using National Research Council of Canada’s Dynamic Wind and Wall Testing Facility (DWTF). The use of this test protocol permitted quantifying the moisture load in the vinyl wall assembly when subjected to several different simulated WDR conditions. The moisture load was formulated as a function of the WDR intensity and DRWP which thereafter allowed evaluating the moisture load based on a given climate’s hourly rainfall intensity and wind velocity. Such work is particularly relevant considering that the intensity, duration and frequency of WDR events across Canada will in some regions increase due to the effects of climate change.
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Kim, Sang Jin, Jung Min Sohn, Jong Chan Lee, Chun Bao Li, Dong Jin Seong, and Jeom Kee Paik. "Dynamic Structural Response Characteristics of Stiffened Blast Wall under Explosion Loads." Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea 51, no. 5 (October 20, 2014): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3744/snak.2014.51.5.380.
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Eroğlu, Nur, Sena Aral, Sinan Melih Nigdeli, and Gebrail Bekdaş. "Jaya algorithm based optimum design of reinforced concrete retaining walls under dynamic loads." Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics 7, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2021.02.002.
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In this study, the optimum dimensioning of a reinforced concrete retaining wall that meets the safety conditions under static and dynamic loads in terms of cost has been performed using Jaya algorithm, which is one of the metaheuristic algorithms. In the optimization process, reinforced concrete design rules and ground stress, sliding and overturn tests have been determined as design constraints for the safe design of the retaining wall. While 5 cross-section dimensions of the retaining wall are defined as the design variable, the objective function is targeted as the total cost per unit length of the retaining wall. In the study, optimum results are also presented by examining the changes of the toe projection length of the retaining wall, which is one of the design variables, narrowing between 0.2-10 m. The design variables minimizing the objective function were found via Jaya algorithm that have single-phase. In addition to achieving optimum dimensioning results in terms of safety and cost with the optimization method used as a result of the reinforced concrete design made by applying the rules of the regulation on buildings to be constructed in earthquake zones, the change in cost in seismic and static conditions was examined.
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Żyliński, Bartłomiej. "Finite element local analysis of wave slamming on offshore structure." Polish Maritime Research 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-008-0004-x.
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Finite element local analysis of wave slamming on offshore structure Offshore platforms are exposed to waves slamming event. Waves hitting the columns with a high velocity are in many cases the design criteria for column structure. This paper focuses on the analysis of wave slamming on floating platform column. Significant for wave slamming pressure is load history, which is usually based on model test. Wave slamming loads were defined on all four walls of column to assess the worst place. For south wall of column three positions exposed to slamming loads between elevation 21.000 (SWL) and elevation 35.500 were checked. Dynamic analysis has been performed with nonlinear FEM program ABAQUS/explicit. The steel was modeled as an elastic-plastic material with isotropic hardening.
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Hanifehzadeh, Mohammad, and Mir Mohammad Reza Mousavi. "PREDICTING THE STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF SANDWICH CONCRETE PANELS SUBJECTED TO BLAST LOAD CONSIDERING DYNAMIC INCREASE FACTOR." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.1067.2019.
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The safety of the civil structures could be significantly improved against shock waves and blast loads by using steel concrete steel (SCS) protective walls. A numerical study has been performed to simulate the response of SCS wall subjected to a near-field blast load. A conventional SCS panel subjected to near-field blast load and its structural performance is evaluated in terms of maximum damage and deformation. The simulations performed using ABAQUS\EXPLICIT finite element package and built-in concrete damage plasticity concrete constitutive formulation. The maximum deformation, plastic strain, and failure mode under different loading scenarios have been investigated. The aim of this study is predicting the structural response of the SCS panel with different blast charge and identification of optimum configuration in terms of concrete strength and plate thickness. In the second part of the study, two novel sandwich configurations consisting of a corrugated metal sheet and the concrete core are proposed and compared with the conventional protective walls. The optimum parameters for each structural component are identified using an optimization procedure. Based on this study, using the proposed wall configuration will results in superior performance compared to the conventional walls while the extra cost of fabrication is insignificant.
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Lee, Chien-Shing, Tom I. P. Shih, Kenneth Mark Bryden, Richard P. Dalton, and Richard A. Dennis. "Strongly Heated Turbulent Flow in a Channel with Pin Fins." Energies 16, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031215.
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Large-eddy simulations (LES) were performed to study the turbulent flow in a channel of height H with a staggered array of pin fins with diameter D = H/2 as a function of heating loads that are relevant to the cooling of turbine blades and vanes. The following three heating loads were investigated—wall-to-coolant temperatures of Tw/Tc = 1.01, 2.0, and 4.0 - where the Reynolds number at the channel inlet was 10,000 and the back pressure at the channel outlet was 1 bar. For the LES, two different subgrid-scale models—the dynamic kinetic energy model (DKEM) and the wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity model (WALE)—were examined and compared. This study was validated by comparing with data from direct numerical simulation and experimental measurements. The results obtained show high heating loads to create wall jets next to all heated surfaces that significantly alter the structure of the turbulent flow. Results generated on effects of heat loads on the mean and fluctuating components of velocity and temperature, turbulent kinetic energy, the anisotropy of the Reynolds stresses, and velocity-temperature correlations can be used to improve existing RANS models.
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Patidar, Gaurav, and Ankur Pandey. "Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Storey Buildings of Different Shapes." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40595.
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Abstract: The construction of high-rise reinforced concrete buildings, mainly in major cities, is on the flow. So, as the structure becomes tall, it becomes sensitive to lateral loads like wind load and earthquake load. So, it is very important that the building should be safe in dynamic loads because it varies in magnitude with time. This paper presents a summary of research work already done in the seismic & wind analysis of multi-storied buildings with different irregular and complex plan shapes. The effect of shear wall, variation of seismic zone & wind speed also considered along with it. Methods used in the analysis of the seismic & wind analysis for different shaped buildings by different researchers are studied. The Effect of plan shape are studied in this paper in terms of storey drift, lateral displacement, base shear, storey shear, soft storey, axial force, moments, etc. Keywords: Plan irregularity, conventional RC framed, Seismic loading, ETABS, STAAD Pro.
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Nabid, Neda, Iman Hajirasouliha, and Mihail Petkovski. "A Practical Method for Optimum Seismic Design of Friction Wall Dampers." Earthquake Spectra 33, no. 3 (August 2017): 1033–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/110316eqs190m.
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Friction control systems have been widely used as one of the efficient and cost effective solutions to control structural damage during strong earthquakes. However, the height-wise distribution of slip loads can significantly affect the seismic performance of the strengthened frames. In this study, a practical design methodology is developed for more efficient design of friction wall dampers by performing extensive nonlinear dynamic analyses on 3-, 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-story RC frames subjected to seven spectrum-compatible design earthquakes and five different slip load distribution patterns. The results show that a uniform cumulative distribution can provide considerably higher energy dissipation capacity than the commonly used uniform slip load pattern. It is also proved that for a set of design earthquakes, there is an optimum range for slip loads that is a function of number of stories. Based on the results of this study, an empirical equation is proposed to calculate a more efficient slip load distribution of friction wall dampers for practical applications. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated through several design examples.
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Zhang, Rui, and Yimin Zhang. "Dynamic model and analysis of the traction unit gear system in long wall coal shearer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 234, no. 3 (April 14, 2020): 546–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419320913698.
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The present work contributes to the analysis of dynamic behavior of long wall coal shearer traction unit through dynamic model of geared drives. In contrast to the majority of the models in the literature, complete machine dynamic model of coal shearer is introduced for obtaining dynamic gear loads for traction unit. A new stochastic coal cutting loads model is presented. Predicted vibration accelerations were compared with coal cutting experiments. It is demonstrated that the predictions match very well with experimental data. Forced vibrations of traction unit gear system are studied to investigate the influence of some of the key design parameters. Frequency coupling phenomenon and cutting rock interlayer process are also investigated in this paper.
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Carlos, Jorge S. "The impact of thermal mass on cold and hot climate zones of Portugal." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 6 (February 29, 2016): 733–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16635237.
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The aim of this paper is focused on the energy performance of buildings containing massive wall alternatives. The analysis comprised the comparison of the heating and cooling loads of seven characteristic wall configurations of one sample building with different dynamic internal heat capacity (ISO 13790:2008) in spite of the equal thermal resistance. The equal thermal resistance, as derived from simple steady-state condition, was imposed in order to allow research of effects solely attributed to the wall heat capacity on the building performance. A detached one floor dwelling exposed to different climate conditions in Portugal was analysed to illustrate the effect of the same wall in terms of energy demand during cold and hot weather conditions. A whole building dynamic modelling using EnergyPlus was employed for the energy analysis. The best thermal performance was obtained with massive walls that were located at the inner side, for a very heavy weight building and high building time constant.
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Bonić, Zoran, Nebojša Davidović, Verka Prolović, Nikola Romić, and Nikolay Vatin. "Experimental Testing of Retaining Walls of Precast Elements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.168.
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In contemporary construction practice is increasingly being applied flexible retaining structures of mechanically stabilized earth, gabions and precast elements. Although widely used only recently, their benefits are proven and widely accepted. The first part of the paper provides an overview of the possible ways of using of precast elements in the construction of retaining walls. The second part gives a detailed overview of the experimental testing of stability of retaining walls of prefabricated betonblok elements. The effect of static loads on the wall was examined in the first, and the effect of the dynamic loads in the second experiment. The results are analyzed and recommendations for future research are given.
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Tang, Qiansheng, Chaofeng Li, and Bangchun Wen. "Analysis on Forced Vibration of Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shell with Nonlinear Boundary Condition." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8978932.
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Forced vibration of thin-wall cylindrical shell under nonlinear boundary condition was discussed in this paper. The nonlinear boundary was modeled as supported clearance in one end of shell and the restraint was assumed as linearly elastic in the radial direction. Based on Sanders’ shell theory, Lagrange equation was utilized to derive the nonlinear governing equations of cylindrical shell. The displacements in three directions were represented by beam functions and trigonometric functions. In the study of nonlinear dynamic responses of thin-wall cylindrical shell with supported clearance under external loads, the Newmark method is used to obtain time history, frequency spectrum plot, phase portraits, Poincare section, bifurcation diagrams, and three-dimensional spectrum plot with different parameters. The effects of external loads, supported clearance, and support stiffness on nonlinear dynamics behaviors of cylindrical shell with nonlinear boundary condition were discussed.
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Prucz, J. C., J. D’Acquisto, and J. E. Smith. "Dynamic Response of Composite Pressure Vessels to Inertia Loads." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928732.
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A new analytical model has been developed in order to investigate the potential benefits of using fiber-reinforced composites in pressure vessels that undergo rigid-body motions. The model consists of a quasi-static lamination analysis of a cylindrical, filament-wound, pressure vessel, combined with an elastodynamic analysis that accounts for the coupling effects between its rigid-body motion and its elastic deformations. The particular type of motion investigated in this paper is that of an oil-pressurized, tubular connecting rod in a slider-crank mechanism of an internal combustion engine. A comprehensive parametric study has been focused on the maximum wall stresses induced in such a rod by the combined effect of internal pressure and inertia loads associated with its motion. The numerical results illustrate potential ways to reduce these stresses by appropriate selection of material systems, lay-up configurations and geometric parameters.
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Tursunkululy, Timur, Nurlan Zhangabay, Konstantin Avramov, Maryna Chernobryvko, Ulanbator Suleimenov, Akmaral Utelbayeva, Bolat Duissenbekov, Yermurat Aikozov, Bakdaulet Dauitbek, and Zhuldyz Abdimanat. "Strength analysis of prestressed vertical cylindrical steel oil tanks under operational and dynamic loads." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 7 (116) (April 28, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.254218.
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This paper reports a study into the effect of the winding type on the stressed-strained state of the wall of a steel cylindrical tank filled with oil to the predefined level. The shapes of free oscillations of oil in the tank and the effect of the winding type on the natural frequencies of the structure were analyzed. Stress in the tank wall was estimated on the basis of finite-element simulation of the deformation of a three-dimensional structural model under the influence of distributed oil pressure on the inner surface of the wall and stresses on the outer surface of the wall. The stresses were induced by the winding of various types, taking into consideration the level of oil loading, the winding step of the winding, and the mechanical characteristics of the thread. The stressed-strained state of a cylindrical tank with winding was investigated at its full filling with oil, half-filling with oil, and without oil. Three winding options were simulated: single, double, and triple intervals. Two types of winding were considered: made from high-strength steel wire and made from composite thread. It was established that when winding the tank wall with steel wire at a triple interval, the stress in the structure does not exceed 34.2 % of the yield strength. At the same time, the height of oil loading does not significantly affect its strength. Applying a composite thread leads to an increase in the stress of up to 47.2 % of the yield strength but makes it possible to reduce the mass of the tank with winding. When winding with a composite thread at a triple interval, the mass of the structure increases by only 3.6 %. The results reported here make it possible to effectively use pre-stress in order to improve the strength and dynamic characteristics of the studied structures, taking into consideration their windings made of different materials
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Arslan, Muhammad, Muhammad Farooq, Muhamamd Naqvi, Umair Sultan, Zia-ur-Rehman Tahir, Saad Nawaz, Nazim Waheed, et al. "Impact of Varying Load Conditions and Cooling Energy Comparison of a Double-Inlet Pulse Tube Refrigerator." Processes 8, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8030352.
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Modeling and optimization of a double-inlet pulse tube refrigerator (DIPTR) is very difficult due to its geometry and nature. The objective of this paper was to optimize-DIPTR through experiments with the cold heat exchanger (CHX) along the comparison of cooling load with experimental data using different boundary conditions. To predict its performance, a detailed two-dimensional DIPTR model was developed. A double-drop pulse pipe cooler was used for solving continuity, dynamic and power calculations. External conditions for applicable boundaries include sinusoidal pressure from an end of the tube from a user-defined function and constant temperature or limitations of thermal flux within the outer walls of exchanger walls under colder conditions. The results of the system’s cooling behavior were reported, along with the connection between the mass flow rates, heat distribution along pulse tube and cold-end pressure, the cooler load’s wall temp profile and cooler loads with varied boundary conditions i.e. opening of 20% double-inlet and 40-60% orifice valves, respectively. Different loading conditions of 1 and 5 W were applied on the CHX. At 150 K temperature of the cold-end heat exchanger, a maximum load of 3.7 W was achieved. The results also reveal a strong correlation between computational fluid dynamics modeling results and experimental results of the DIPTR.
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El Faridy, Zia Faizurrahmany. "Glass As A Sustainable Material To Design A Modern Office Building In Seismic Area, A Case of : Banda Aceh, Indonesia." Elkawnie 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v2i2.2682.
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Glass as a material in building facades is rarely applied in a large scale, especially in design of office buildings, within Aceh province. Since Aceh is located in the area with dynamic earthquake activities, building design in this area required higher degree of concern in relation to better refrain from earthquake movements. Nowadays, glass technology that could withstand the seismic effects while sustaining seismic loads is available. To bring this new technology into design of office buildings in Aceh, the paper aims to measure the suitability and level of acceptance of the technology among Acehnese people by conducting some methods of cost comparison and cost savings. In this regard, a comparison in dead loads of a sample building with conventional cavity walls against that of high performance glazing system in a façade of the building was performed. The results indicated that the cost for glass technology are twice higher compared with cavity wall. But in the dead loads part, the glass material are 13.8 times more lighter than cavity wall
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Rüggeberg, Markus, Ingo Burgert, and Thomas Speck. "Structural and mechanical design of tissue interfaces in the giant reed Arundo donax." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 7, no. 44 (September 2, 2009): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0273.
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The culms of the giant reed Arundo donax represent slender tube-like structures. Several nodes along the culm, a ring of sclerenchymatous fibres in the periphery of the culm wall and numerous isolated vascular bundles enclosed by fibre rings in the culm wall function as stiffening elements. The bundles are embedded in lignified parenchyma. Micromechanical analysis indicated differences in stiffness between the individual tissues of more than one order of magnitude. In case of abrupt transitions in stiffness at the interfaces, stress discontinuities arise under dynamic loads. This eventually leads to critical shear stresses at cell ends, and culm failure may be initiated at these points. Pronounced mechanical differences between individual tissues can be compromised by gradual transitions at their interfaces. Ultrastructural and spectroscopic investigations with high spatial resolution revealed a gradual transition of cell parameters (cell wall area fraction and cell length). However, cell wall parameters (cellulose microfibril angle and lignin content) showed abrupt transitions or remained almost constant across the interfaces between various tissues. The design principles found at the interfaces between tissues in the culm walls of A. donax are discussed as an adaptation strategy to mechanical loads at different levels of hierarchy.
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Esinovsky, Victor A., Mikhail P. Sainov, Boris A. Zaitsev, and Sergey A. Filippov. "SEISMIC STABILITY OF THE MOORING WALL ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 4 (2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/10.22227/2305-5502.2018.4.2.
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Introduction. New building codes provide for a significant increase in the magnitude of seismic loads that should be perceived by hydraulic structures. In this regard, even in areas with low seismic activity, there may be a problem of ensuring the seismic stability of hydraulic structures. This is particularly acute in berthing facilities. As a rule, they are not so massive to withstand seismic loads. The issue of seismic stability of berthing facilities has not yet been properly considered. The results of numerical simulation of the seismic stability of the mooring-dividing wall during a 7-point earthquake are considered. A structure about 24 m high located on a non-rock base was investigated. Materials and methods. The seismic stability of the mooring structure was estimated by calculating its stress-strain state under the action of seismic forces. Calculations were carried out by the finite element method. Seismic loads on the structure were determined in two ways — by linear-spectral theory and by dynamic theory. For the calculation of seismic loads, 30 lower frequencies and the natural mode of the structure were determined together with an array of its base. When calculating according to the dynamic theory, the seismic effect was specified in the form of an accelerogram adopted for similar conditions. The direction of seismic impact was assumed horizontal. Results. According to the dynamic theory, seismic loads turned out to be lower than according to linear-spectral theory. However, the results of the calculation of the stress-strain state of the mooring structure were close. It was found that the seismic forces on the mooring wall will reach about a quarter of the weight of the structure. Under the influence of such forces, the mooring wall will lose its stability. Conclusions. To ensure seismic stability, it is recommended to combine the mooring wall and the base plate into a single monolithic structure, as well as to strengthen the lower part of the structure and facilitate the upper one.
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YAHIRO, Takamichi, Nobuo HAYANO, Tomosada JOTAKI, and J. C. WILLIAMS. "Model bin loads. 2. The effect of discharge rates on dynamic wall pressure." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 23, no. 4 (1986): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.23.231.
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Su, Y., C. E. Choi, C. W. W. Ng, C. Lam, J. S. H. Kwan, G. Wu, J. Huang, and Z. Zhang. "Eco-friendly recycled crushed glass for cushioning boulder impacts." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 56, no. 9 (September 2019): 1251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0200.
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A large amount of waste glass is generated every year and contributes significantly to landfills. Large-scale physical model tests were carried out to study the dynamic response of recycled crushed glass (RCG) contained in gabion baskets and its performance against successive boulder impacts at energy levels of up to 70 kJ. The cushioning performance of RCG is compared with that of more conventional cushioning materials, including rock fragments and cellular glass aggregates. Results reveal that for the first impact, RCG can provide up to 144% and 128% reduction in the transmitted wall loads and boulder impact loads, respectively, when compared with cushion layers comprising rock fragments. It follows that by adopting RCG, practitioners could potentially reduce the recommended design load for impact by a single boulder by up to three times. Furthermore, the load-diffusion angle of RCG is three times larger than that of cellular glass aggregates. The observed trend in the diffusion angle implies that the transmitted load for RCG is distributed more uniformly on the barrier wall compared to cellular glass aggregates.
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Bush, R. C., AnoopI Shirkol, and J. S. Sruthi. "Seismic Analysis of RCC Building with Different Shape of Shear Wall and Without Shear Wall." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 983–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.610.
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Shear walls are earthquake-resistant structural components used in structures at different locations to resist lateral loads. Shear walls possess large in-plane stiffness that aids in the resistance of lateral loads. In this study, dynamic analysis was carried out on a (B+G+26) storey building and the outcome is studied for varying locations of shear walls. The models considered have been analysed and modelled using FEM integrated software ETABS wherein the models are assumed to be present in the seismic zone IV of INDIA as per IS1893-2016. The models are regular in plan and are assumed to be on type -II (i.e., medium soil). The observations made post analysis through the response spectrum method conclude that a regular structure with uniformly placed shear walls at the centre performs better in comparison to structures without shear walls or structures with other positions of shear walls. The result parameters such as storey drift, storey displacement, storey stiffness, time period and base reactions of the models are compared.
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Saeed, Ahmed, Hadee Mohammed Najm, Amer Hassan, Shaker Qaidi, Mohanad Muayad Sabri Sabri, and Nuha S. Mashaan. "A Comprehensive Study on the Effect of Regular and Staggered Openings on the Seismic Performance of Shear Walls." Buildings 12, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091293.
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Shear walls have high strength and stiffness, which could be used at the same time to resist large horizontal loads and weight loads, making them pretty beneficial in several structural engineering applications. The shear walls could be included with openings, such as doors and windows, for relevant functional requirements. In the current study, a building of G + 13 stories with RC shear walls with and without openings has been investigated using ETABS Software. The seismic analysis is carried out for the determination of parameters like shear forces, drift, base shear, and story displacement for numerous models. The regular and staggered openings of the shear wall have been considered variables in the models. The dynamic analysis is carried out with the help of ETABS software. It has been observed that shear walls without openings models perform better than other models, and this is in agreement with the previous studies published in this area. This investigation also shows that the seismic behaviour of the shear wall with regular openings provides a close result to the shear wall with staggered openings. At the roof, the displacement of the model with regular openings was 38.99 mm and approximately 39.163 mm for the model with staggered openings. However, the model without a shear wall experienced a displacement of about 56 mm at the roof. Generally, it can be concluded that the openings have a substantial effect on the seismic behaviour of the shear wall, and that should be taken into consideration during the construction design. However, the type of opening (regular or staggered) has a slight effect on the behaviour of shear walls.
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Liu, Dong Qiao, De Jian Li, Xi Yu, Shen Zhang, and Lei Guan. "Orifices Stress Concentration Study by Static and Dynamic Combination Loads." Advanced Materials Research 848 (November 2013): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.848.117.
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By the use of the experimental system of Impact Rockburst, which was designed by State Key Laboratory for GeoMechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, the stress concentration for orifices in a cubic gypsum specimen subjected to static and dynamic combination loads was studied. The different triaxial precompression was loaded on gypsum specimen, then the dynamic cyclic loading is exerted in the direction of σ1, while the constant stress is exerted in σ2 and σ3. For the stress strain curve, the data of force and displacement were collected by the servo control system in real time. By the strain gauge near the orifices, the strain was recorded by the dynamic strain collecting device, that result in the orifices stress was obtained. In addition, the phenomenon of inner wall of the orifices was real-time photographed. Based on elastic theory and dynamic stress concentration theory, we calculated the stress near the orifices, which keep pace with the results of test.
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Luo, Fang, Shilian Zhang, and Deqing Yang. "Anti-Explosion Performance of Composite Blast Wall with an Auxetic Re-Entrant Honeycomb Core for Offshore Platforms." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 3 (March 7, 2020): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030182.
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To improve the anti-explosion performance of blast wall in offshore platforms, an auxetic re-entrant blast wall (ARBW) was proposed and designed based on the indentation resistance effect of an auxetic structure. Based on the numerical nonlinear dynamic analysis method verified by the explosion experiment of a conventional steel corrugated blast wall (CBW), the failure mechanisms of ARBW, steel honeycomb sandwich blast wall (HSBW) and CBW were investigated under distributed impulse loads. Computational results demonstrated the excellent anti-explosion performance of the proposed ARBW design. Concerning the minimal deformation at the mid-point of the proposed protective structures, the ARBW performed best. As regards the minimal deformation at the connection, both ARBW and HSBW worked well. The stress distribution of the connection illustrated the different energy absorption and transmission modes of the three blast walls.
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Yun, Seong-Kyu, Seungjong Kim, Jiseong Kim, and Gichun Kang. "Dynamic Behavior of Quay Walls According to N-values of Backfill and Amplitude of Seismic Accelerations." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2021.21.1.207.
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Sand soil discharge, which seemed to be the liquefaction damage, was observed in the backfill of a quay wall structure during the Pohang earthquake in 2017. This discharge occurred because the bearing capacity decreased owing to the loss of effective stress, which was caused by the increase in the excess pore-water pressure with the dynamic loads from the earthquake. In this study, the effects of the variations in the N-value of the backfill of the quay structure and the seismic acceleration coefficient were investigated for increasing excess pore-water pressure and decreasing effective stress, owing to the dynamic load from earthquakes.
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Khan A, Kalesh, and Rama M. "Finite Element Analysis and simulation of missile impact on Nuclear Reactor Containment Structure." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 22, no. 2 (August 11, 2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.223142.
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Nuclear Powerplants are planned and designed to withstand high internal, external pressures and impact loads. International Atomic Energy Agency recommends Design Extension Condition (Impact of Missile or Aircraft) that is a mandatory condition to be fulfilled by Containment structure. In this Finite Element Analytical study, wall joint section of containment structure is modelled and analysed for Missile body impact, and it is observed that, the surface induced pressure in wall section is dynamic in nature, as it varies with respect to time and load. By obtained 3D simulation and contour pattern on PCC panel, it is found that the induced stress is bending pressure.
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Jeong, Seong-Hoon, and Won-Seok Jang. "Modeling of RC shear walls using shear spring and fiber elements for seismic performance assessment." Journal of Vibroengineering 18, no. 2 (March 31, 2016): 1052–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/jve.2015.16757.
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Reinforced concrete shear wall is one of the most effective members during severe lateral loads especially in earthquakes and winds. Extensive researches, both analytical and experimental, have been carried out to study the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls. Predicting inelastic response of RC walls and wall systems requires accurate, effective, and robust analytical model that incorporate important material characteristics and behavioral response features. In this study, a modeling method using fiber and spring elements is developed to capture inelastic responses of an RC shear wall. The fiber elements and the spring reflect flexural and shear behaviors of the shear wall, respectively. The fiber elements are built by inputting section data and material properties. The parameters of the shear spring that represent strength and stiffness degradation, pinching, and slip are determined based on analysis results from a detailed finite element method (FEM) model. The reliability of the FEM analysis program is verified. The applicability of the proposed modeling method is investigated by performing inelastic dynamic analyses for reference buildings with various aspect ratios of shear walls.
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Szagri, D., and B. Nagy. "Building energy analysis of an industrial hall based on dynamic simulations." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 9, no. 2 (December 2018): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2018.9.2.10.
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The aim of the paper is primarily to evaluate the heating energy demand of an industrial hall. In the study, we have made multidimensional dynamic whole building simulations for describing coupled heat and moisture behaviour and energy consumption of the building with different internal loads and compared to the calculated energy consumption of the building according to the Hungarian and Austrian regulations. The walls and roof structure of the industrial building were made with insulated panel systems, the plinth wall was built with monolithic reinforced concrete with 12 cm of XPS insulation. The floor is made of steel fibre reinforced concrete, where 10 cm XPS perimeter insulation was applied. After the calculations, we insulated the floor on the whole surface with 10 cm XPS and investigated the modified structure’s heating energy demand too. In the paper, we analyse the energy consumption of the original and modified industrial building according to the monthly and seasonal calculations and the whole building dynamic simulations and evaluated the differences. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of internal loads, thermal bridges on the simulations.
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Nørgaard, Jørgen Quvang Harck, Lars Vabbersgaard Andersen, Thomas Lykke Andersen, and Hans F. Burcharth. "DISPLACEMENT OF MONOLITHIC RUBBLE-MOUND BREAKWATER CROWN-WALLS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 18, 2012): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.7.
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This paper evaluates the validity of a simple one-dimensional dynamic analysis as well as a Finite-Element model to determine the sliding of a rubble-mound breakwater crown-wall. The evaluation is based on a case example with real wave load time-series and displacements measured from two-dimensional physical model tests. The outcome is a more reliable evaluation of the applicability of simple dynamic calculations for the estimation of displacement of rubble-mound superstructures. The case example clearly demonstrates that a simplified one-dimensional sliding model provides a safe estimate of the accumulated sliding distance of crown-wall superstructures, which is in contrast to findings from previous similar studies on caisson breakwaters. The calculated sliding distance is approximately three times larger than the measured one when using the original one-dimensional model suggested in previous studies on caisson breakwaters, but correction terms are suggested in the present paper to obtain almost equal measured and estimated displacements. This is of great practical importance since many existing rubble-mound crown-walls are subjected to increasing wave loads due to rising sea water level from climate changes. Reliable and safe estimates are needed to determine whether displacements of crown wall superstructures during extreme situations would be acceptable or whether they lead to total failure of the structures.
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Huang, Jianjun, Guoping Chen, and Ryan J. Lowe. "Experimental Study on the Probability of Different Wave Impact Types on a Vertical Wall with Horizontal Slab by Separation of Quasi-Static Wave Impacts." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050615.
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When the fundamental natural frequency of marine structures is comparable to the dominant frequency of incident waves, the response of the load on the structure will be amplified. Accurately quantifying how wave loads can be amplified by incident wave conditions must thus be considered in any structural analysis, given how sensitive these characteristics are to different wave impact types. Systematic physical model tests of wave impacts on the simple horizontal plate and the vertical wall with a horizontal overhanging cantilever slab were performed. By first comparing quasi-static wave load estimates along a simple horizontal plate (obtained by low-pass filtering the pressure time series at different cut-off frequencies) with quasi-static uplift pressures from established predictive formulations, a cut-off frequency of 7 Hz was found to accurately separate the quasi-static component from impulsive wave impacts. By applying the low-pass filtering approach with the selected cut-off frequency to the pressure measurements for the vertical wall with a horizontal cantilever slab case, the impulsive and quasi-static peaks were attained, which were then used to quantify the probabilities of individual impulsive, dynamic, and quasi-static wave impacts. Incoming wave conditions and structural clearance had a significant effect on the probabilities of different wave impacts. With the increasing wave height and wave steepness, wave impacts on the horizontal slab and vertical wall were increasingly of the impulsive type and less frequently of the quasi-static type, while the probability of dynamic impact types were relatively stable. As the overhanging slab was shifted from elevated to submerged, the dominant type of wave impact on the structure was variable, ranging from impulsive to dynamic to quasi-static as its elevation was lowered. The results indicated that up to 90% of the impacts were of the impulsive type when the overhanging slab was on or slightly over the still water level. Moreover, the presence of the vertical wall increased the magnitude of wave loads and the occurring frequency of impulsive wave impacts for the horizontal slab.
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Tan, Zhilun, Qiuhong Zhao, Yu Zhao, and Cheng Yu. "Probabilistic Seismic Assessment of CoSPSW Structures Using Fragility Functions." Metals 12, no. 6 (June 18, 2022): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12061045.
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The corrugated steel plate shear wall (CoSPSW) is a new type of steel plate shear wall, in which corrugated wall plates instead of flat wall plates are adopted. The lateral stiffness and shear buckling capacity of the shear wall system could be significantly enhanced, and then, wall plate buckling under gravity loads would be mitigated. This paper presents a study on the probabilistic assessment of the seismic performance and vulnerability of CoSPSWs using fragility functions. The damage states and corresponding repair states of CoSPSWs were first established from experimental data. Then, incremental dynamic analyses were conducted on the CoSPSW structures. The structural and nonstructural fragility functions were developed, based on which the seismic performance and vulnerability of the CoSPSWs were obtained and compared with the conventional steel plate shear walls (SPSWs). It was shown that for various repair states, the 25th percentile PGA of the CoSPSW was always higher than the SPSWs with the same wall thickness and boundary frame, which indicated that the CoSPSW has a lower damage potential and better seismic performance than the SPSW.
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Hussein H. Karim, Zeena W. Samueel, and Mohammed A. Hussein. "A Comparison Study on the Effect of Various Layered Sandy Soil Deposited on Final Settlement under Dynamic Loading." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 4A (April 25, 2020): 594–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i4a.1569.
Full textAbstract:
The foundation is expansion in base of column, wall or other structure in order to transmit the loads from the structure to under footing with a suitable pressure with soil property. There are two conditions to design foundation: 1. The stress is applied by footing on soil is not exceeded allowable bearing capacity ( ). 2. The foundation settlement and differential settlement are due to applied loads are not exceeding the allowable settlement that based on the type and size of structure, the nature of soil. Rigid square machine footing with dimension 200*200 mm with two types of relative density (50 and 85)% medium and dense density respectively are using in this study in different 28 models to show the effect of layered sandy soil in two configuration, medium-dense MD and dense-medium DM on the final settlement in magnitudes and behaviors under dynamics loads applying with different amplitude of loads (0.25 and 2) tons at surface with amplitude-frequency 0.5 Hz with explain the effect of reinforcements material on reduction the magnitude of settlement. The final results appeared with respect to the specified continuous pressure and the number of loading cycles, the resulting settlement from the dynamic loading increases with the increase in the dynamic pressure magnitude, the variation on densities of layered soil effect on the amount of settlement due to different loads applied...