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1

Kim, Woohan, and Vernon F. Cormier. "Vicinity ray tracing: an alternative to dynamic ray tracing." Geophysical Journal International 103, no. 3 (1990): 639–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1990.tb05677.x.

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2

Červený, V., L. Klimeš, and I. Pšenčík. "Applications of dynamic ray tracing." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 51, no. 1-3 (1988): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(88)90019-2.

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3

Fazliddinovich, Mekhriddin Rakhimov, and Yalew Kidane Tolcha. "Parallel Processing of Ray Tracing on GPU with Dynamic Pipelining." International Journal of Signal Processing Systems 4, no. 3 (2016): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijsps.4.3.209-213.

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4

Quatresooz, Florian, Simon Demey, and Claude Oestges. "Tracking of Interaction Points for Improved Dynamic Ray Tracing." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70, no. 7 (2021): 6291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3081766.

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5

Iversen, Einar, and Ivan Pšenčík. "Ray tracing and inhomogeneous dynamic ray tracing for anisotropy specified in curvilinear coordinates." Geophysical Journal International 174, no. 1 (2008): 316–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2008.03812.x.

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6

Iversen, Einar, Bjørn Ursin, Teemu Saksala, Joonas Ilmavirta, and Maarten V. de Hoop. "Higher-order Hamilton–Jacobi perturbation theory for anisotropic heterogeneous media: dynamic ray tracing in ray-centred coordinates." Geophysical Journal International 226, no. 2 (2021): 1262–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab152.

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SUMMARY Dynamic ray tracing is a robust and efficient method for computation of amplitude and phase attributes of the high-frequency Green’s function. A formulation of dynamic ray tracing in Cartesian coordinates was recently extended to higher orders. Extrapolation of traveltime and geometrical spreading was demonstrated to yield significantly higher accuracy—for isotropic as well as anisotropic heterogeneous 3-D models of an elastic medium. This is of value in mapping, modelling and imaging, where kernel operations are based on extrapolation or interpolation of Green’s function attributes to
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7

Iversen, Einar, Bjørn Ursin, Teemu Saksala, Joonas Ilmavirta, and Maarten V. de Hoop. "Higher-order Hamilton–Jacobi perturbation theory for anisotropic heterogeneous media: transformation between Cartesian and ray-centred coordinates." Geophysical Journal International 226, no. 2 (2021): 893–927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab151.

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SUMMARY Within the field of seismic modelling in anisotropic media, dynamic ray tracing is a powerful technique for computation of amplitude and phase properties of the high-frequency Green’s function. Dynamic ray tracing is based on solving a system of Hamilton–Jacobi perturbation equations, which may be expressed in different 3-D coordinate systems. We consider two particular coordinate systems; a Cartesian coordinate system with a fixed origin and a curvilinear ray-centred coordinate system associated with a reference ray. For each system we form the corresponding 6-D phase spaces, which en
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8

Hubral, Peter, Jorg Schleicher, and Martin Tygel. "Three‐dimensional primary zero‐offset reflections." GEOPHYSICS 58, no. 5 (1993): 692–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443453.

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Zero‐offset reflections resulting from point sources are often computed on a large scale in three‐dimensional (3-D) laterally inhomogeneous isotropic media with the help of ray theory. The geometrical‐spreading factor and the number of caustics that determine the shape of the reflected pulse are then generally obtained by integrating the so‐called dynamic ray‐tracing system down and up to the two‐way normal incidence ray. Assuming that this ray is already known, we show that one integration of the dynamic ray‐tracing system in a downward direction with only the initial condition of a point sou
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9

Bakker, P. M. "Theory of anisotropic dynamic ray tracing in ray-centred coordinates." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 148, no. 3-4 (1996): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00874580.

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10

Sun, Jianguo, and Dirk Gajewski. "True‐amplitude common‐shot migration revisited." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 4 (1997): 1250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444226.

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In Kirchhoff‐type migration, two dynamic ray‐tracing computations are usually needed for computing the complex weighting (Green's) functions necessary for recovering the source pulse with true amplitude. One computation is from the source point to the image point, the other is from the receiver point to the image point. Since it is a time‐consuming procedure, dynamic ray tracing is a main factor slowing down the performance speed of weighted diffraction stack migration. Here, the known weighting function for a common‐shot configuration is revisited and a new, alternative formula is developed.
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11

Xu, Yang, Yuanfa Jiang, Junbo Zhang, Kang Li, and Guohua Geng. "Real-Time Ray-Traced Soft Shadows of Environmental Lighting by Conical Ray Culling." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3522617.

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Soft shadows of environmental lighting provide important visual cues in realistic rendering. However, rendering of soft shadows of environmental lighting in real-time is difficult because evaluating the visibility function is challenging. In this work, we present a method to render soft shadows of environmental lighting at real-time frame rates based on hardware-accelerated ray tracing. We assume that the scene contains both static and dynamic objects. To composite the soft shadows cast by dynamic objects with the precomputed lighting of static objects, the incident irradiance occluded by dyna
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12

Sraj, Ihab, Alex C. Szatmary, David W. M. Marr, and Charles D. Eggleton. "Dynamic ray tracing for modeling optical cell manipulation." Optics Express 18, no. 16 (2010): 16702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.016702.

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13

Klimeš, Luděk. "Transformations for dynamic ray tracing in anisotropic media." Wave Motion 20, no. 3 (1994): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-2125(94)90051-5.

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14

Liu, Zihao, Jing Huang, Allan Rocha, Jim Malmros, and Jerry Zhang. "Importance-Based Ray Strategies for Dynamic Diffuse Global Illumination." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3585500.

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In this paper, we propose a first and efficient ray allocation technique for Dynamic Diffuse Global Illumination (DDGI) using Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS). Our technique, IS-DDGI, extends DDGI by incorporating a set of importance-based ray strategies that analyze, allocate, and manage ray resources on the GPU. We combine these strategies with an adaptive historical and temporal frame-to-frame analysis for an effective reuse of information and a set of GPU-based optimizations for speeding up ray allocation and reducing memory bandwidth. Our IS-DDGI achieves similar visual quality to DDGI
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15

Oliveira, Danian Steinkirch de, Paulo Eduardo Miranda Cunha, Luiz Gallisa Guimaraes, and Andre Fabiano Steklain. "High-Resolution Ray Tracing Migration." Brazilian Journal of Geophysics 39, no. 4 (2021): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/rbgf.v39i4.2112.

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ABSTRACT. We present a seismic migration algorithm that calculates travel times and amplitudes based on the paraxial extrapolation of the dynamic ray tracing. We use a target-oriented approach with automatic selection of migration parameters and seismic traces that will compose the image. By associating the ray parameter (slowness vector) with the amplitudes of the seismic data, we reach a new form of migration amplitude conditioner that acts as a filter and may increase the resolution of reflectors and faults. On the other hand, when using the seismic amplitudes as weights, we can estimate th
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16

Klimeš, L. "Common-ray tracing and dynamic ray tracing for S waves in a smooth elastic anisotropic medium." Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica 50, no. 3 (2006): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11200-006-0028-6.

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17

Filpo, Eduardo, Jessé Costa, and Jörg Schleicher. "Image-guided ray tracing and its applications." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 3 (2021): U39—U47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0642.1.

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Eikonal solvers have important applications in seismic data processing and inversion, the so-called image-guided methods. To this day, in image-guided applications, the solution of the eikonal equation is implemented using partial-differential-equation solvers, such as fast-marching or fast-sweeping methods. We have found that alternatively, one can numerically integrate the dynamic Hamiltonian system defined by the image-guided eikonal equation and reconstruct the solution with image-guided rays. We evaluate interesting applications of image-guided ray tracing to seismic data processing, demo
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18

Pulliam, Jay, and Roel Snieder. "Ray perturbation theory, dynamic ray tracing and the determination of Fresnel zones." Geophysical Journal International 135, no. 2 (1998): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.1998.00667.x.

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19

Harper, Sterling M., Paul K. Romano, Benoit Forget, and Kord S. Smith. "Threadsafe Dynamic Neighbor Lists for Monte Carlo Ray Tracing." Nuclear Science and Engineering 194, no. 11 (2020): 1009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2020.1719765.

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20

Wald, Ingo, Solomon Boulos, and Peter Shirley. "Ray tracing deformable scenes using dynamic bounding volume hierarchies." ACM Transactions on Graphics 26, no. 1 (2007): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1189762.1206075.

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21

Naruse, Tadashi, Mikio Shinya, and Takafumi Saito. "Ray tracing using dynamic subtree—algorithm and speed evaluation." Systems and Computers in Japan 24, no. 4 (1993): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690240407.

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22

Zhu, Tianfei, Samuel H. Gray, and Daoliu Wang. "Prestack Gaussian-beam depth migration in anisotropic media." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 3 (2007): S133—S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2711423.

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Gaussian-beam depth migration is a useful alternative to Kirchhoff and wave-equation migrations. It overcomes the limitations of Kirchhoff migration in imaging multipathing arrivals, while retaining its efficiency and its capability of imaging steep dips with turning waves. Extension of this migration method to anisotropic media has, however, been hampered by the difficulties in traditional kinematic and dynamic ray-tracing systems in inhomogeneous, anisotropic media. Formulated in terms of elastic parameters, the traditional anisotropic ray-tracing systems aredifficult to implement and ineffi
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23

Beydoun, Wafik B., and Timothy H. Keho. "The paraxial ray method." GEOPHYSICS 52, no. 12 (1987): 1639–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442281.

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The paraxial ray method is an economical way of computing approximate Green’s functions in heterogeneous media. The method uses information from the standard dynamic ray‐tracing method to extrapolate the seismic wave field at receivers in the neighborhood of a ray so that two‐point ray tracing is not required. Applicability conditions are explicit: they define where asymptotic (high‐frequency) methods are valid, and how far away from the ray the extrapolation remains accurate. Increasing the density of the ray fan improves accuracy but increases computation time. However, since reasonable accu
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24

Kelling, Jan, Daniel Ströter, and Arjan Kuijper. "Light Path Guided Culling for Hybrid Real-Time Path Tracing." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 7, no. 3 (2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3675387.

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Rendering visually convincing images requires realistic lighting. Path tracing has long been used in offline rendering to produce photorealistic images. While recent hardware advancements allow ray tracing methods to be employed in real-time renderers, they come with a significant performance and memory impact. Real-time path tracing remains a challenge. We present light path guided culling (LiPaC), a novel culling algorithm for ray tracing that achieves almost optimal culling results by considering the number of light paths encountered by objects. In addition, we describe a hybrid path tracin
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25

Giangaspero, Vincent Fitzgerald. "3D ray tracing solver for communication blackout analysis in atmospheric entry missions." Computer Physics Communications 286 (January 5, 2023): 108663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2023.108663.

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This work presents a numerical methodology combining Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations of ionized chemically reacting entry flows by means of Computational Object-Oriented Libraries for Fluid Dynamics (COOLFluiD) and a ray tracing analysis by means of the newly developed BlackOut RAy Tracer (BORAT). The latter is based on the numerical solution of the 3D Eikonal system of equations, offering a fast, efficient and accurate method to analyse the interaction between electromagnetic signals and weakly ionised plasmas.
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26

Lesev, Hristo, and Alexander Penev. "A Framework for Visual Dynamic Analysis of Ray Tracing Algorithms." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 14, no. 2 (2014): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2014-0018.

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Abstract A novel approach is presented for recording high volume data about ray tracing rendering systems' runtime state and its subsequent dynamic analysis and interactive visualization in the algorithm computational domain. Our framework extracts light paths traced by the system and leverages on a powerful filtering subsystem, helping interactive visualization and exploration of the desired subset of recorded data. We introduce a versatile data logging format and acceleration structures for easy access and filtering. We have implemented a plugin based framework and a tool set that realize al
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27

Lambert, Sébastien, and François Guillet. "Application of the X-ray tracing method to powder diffraction line profiles." Journal of Applied Crystallography 41, no. 1 (2008): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889807055069.

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An X-ray tracing program was developed to simulate the instrument function of a high-resolution X-ray powder diffractometer. The optics of this laboratory instrument consist of a conventional X-ray tube, a single flat Ge monochromator, slits, the powder sample and finally a curved position-sensitive detector. Such a setup provides an interesting case study in order to assess X-ray tracing, which has seldom been used in the case of laboratory equipment. The simulation reported in this paper covers different aspects of optics simulation, ranging from straightforward kinematic diffraction to dyna
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28

Bakker, P. M. "Theory of edge diffraction in terms of dynamic ray tracing." Geophysical Journal International 102, no. 1 (1990): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1990.tb00539.x.

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29

Kildal, P. S. "Synthesis of multireflector antennas by kinematic and dynamic ray tracing." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 38, no. 10 (1990): 1587–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.59772.

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30

Tian, Yue, S. H. Hung, Guust Nolet, Raffaella Montelli, and F. A. Dahlen. "Dynamic ray tracing and traveltime corrections for global seismic tomography." Journal of Computational Physics 226, no. 1 (2007): 672–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2007.04.025.

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31

Anciferov, S., A. Karachevceva, and L. Sivachenko. "DESIGN AND PRODUCT DESIGN IN CAD/CAM/CAE NX SYSTEM MANAGED BY TEAMCENTER PLM SYSTEM." Technical Aesthetics and Design Research 1, no. 2 (2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2687-0878-2019-1-2-45-52.

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The article discusses a system widely implemented in the designing of equipment for the NX construction industry. Along with this system, a modern automation tool was used. The most common and most used products are Siemens products: PLM-system "Teamcenter". The functionality of this configuration is huge, it includes such applications a "Manager of Structure", "Classifier", "Advanced Studio", "Ray Tracing Studio", etc. For example, it is possible to create a single product structure with various configurations, machine components and assemblies, using the "Structure Manager". This structure a
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32

Lee, Sang Joon, Han Wook Park, and Sung Yong Jung. "Usage of CO2microbubbles as flow-tracing contrast media in X-ray dynamic imaging of blood flows." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 21, no. 5 (2014): 1160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577514013423.

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X-ray imaging techniques have been employed to visualize various biofluid flow phenomena in a non-destructive manner. X-ray particle image velocimetry (PIV) was developed to measure velocity fields of blood flows to obtain hemodynamic information. A time-resolved X-ray PIV technique that is capable of measuring the velocity fields of blood flows under real physiological conditions was recently developed. However, technical limitations still remained in the measurement of blood flows with high image contrast and sufficient biocapability. In this study, CO2microbubbles as flow-tracing contrast m
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33

Iversen, Einar. "Amplitude, Fresnel zone, and NMO velocity for PP and SS normal-incidence reflections." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 2 (2006): W1—W14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2187814.

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Inspired by recent ray-theoretical developments, the theory of normal-incidence rays is generalized to accommodate P- and S-waves in layered isotropic and anisotropic media. The calculation of the three main factors contributing to the two-way amplitude — i.e., geometric spreading, phase shift from caustics, and accumulated reflection/transmission coefficients — is formulated as a recursive process in the upward direction of the normal-incidence rays. This step-by-step approach makes it possible to implement zero-offset amplitude modeling as an efficient one-way wavefront construction process.
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34

Červený, V. "A note on dynamic ray tracing in ray-centered coordinates in anisotropic inhomogeneous media." Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica 51, no. 3 (2007): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11200-007-0023-6.

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35

Zhang, Qiongxian, Ruonan Shi, and Miao Geng. "Deep learning-driven optimization of real-time ray tracing for enhanced immersive virtual reality." Applied and Computational Engineering 71, no. 1 (2024): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/71/20241669.

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Photorealistic rendering is essential for immersive virtual reality and real-time ray tracing is required for this, yet the necessary computational load has so far hindered its use in scenarios where a fast response and high frame rates are paramount. To overcome this challenge, we present a deep learning-based model that optimises the computational load of ray tracing through utilising convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict lightscene interactions. We achieve this by training CNNs from datasets with offline ray-traced images. Using this learning process, we approximate the contents o
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36

Lee, Jinyoung, Woo-Nam Chung, Tae-Hyoung Lee, Jae-Ho Nah, Youngsik Kim, and Woo-Chan Park. "Load Balancing Algorithm for Real-Time Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 165003–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3019075.

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37

Iversen, E. "Reformulated Kinematic and Dynamic Ray Tracing Systems for Arbitrarily Anisotropic Media." Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica 48, no. 1 (2004): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:sgeg.0000015583.34422.80.

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38

Yin, Mingqiang, and Shiqi Li. "Fast BVH construction and refit for ray tracing of dynamic scenes." Multimedia Tools and Applications 72, no. 2 (2013): 1823–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1476-y.

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39

Muniz, F. J., and E. J. Zaluska. "Parallel Ray-Tracing on Mimd Machine Using Dynamic Load-Balancing Mechanisms." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 29, no. 5 (1996): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)46372-5.

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40

Egea-Lopez, Esteban, Jose Maria Molina-Garcia-Pardo, Martine Lienard, and Pierre Degauque. "Opal: An open source ray-tracing propagation simulator for electromagnetic characterization." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0260060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260060.

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Accurate characterization and simulation of electromagnetic propagation can be obtained by ray-tracing methods, which are based on a high frequency approximation to the Maxwell equations and describe the propagating field as a set of propagating rays, reflecting, diffracting and scattering over environment elements. However, this approach has been usually too computationally costly to be used in large and dynamic scenarios, but this situation is changing thanks the increasing availability of efficient ray-tracing libraries for graphical processing units. In this paper we present Opal, an elect
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41

Xu, Qianru, and Weijian Mao. "An efficient ray-tracing method and its application to Gaussian beam migration in complex multilayered anisotropic media." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 5 (2018): T281—T289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0402.1.

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We have developed a fast ray-tracing method for multiple layered inhomogeneous anisotropic media, based on the generalized Snell’s law. Realistic geologic structures continuously varying with embedded discontinuities are parameterized by adopting cubic B-splines with nonuniformly spaced nodes. Because the anisotropic characteristic is often closely related to the interface configuration, this model parameterization scheme containing the natural inclination of the corresponding layer is particularly suitable for tilted transverse isotropic models whose symmetry axis is generally perpendicular t
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Hu, Jiangtao, Junxing Cao, Huazhong Wang, Shaoyong Liu, and Xingjian Wang. "3D traveltime computation for quasi-P-wave in orthorhombic media using dynamic programming." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 1 (2018): C27—C35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0558.1.

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A fractured area, such as a fault area, usually induces orthorhombic anisotropy. Ignoring orthorhombic anisotropy may degrade the subsurface image by creating a well mistie and blurring the image. Traveltime computation is essential for many processing techniques, such as depth imaging and tomography. Solving the ray-tracing system and eikonal equation are two popular methods for traveltime computation in isotropic media. However, because the ray-tracing system becomes complex and the eikonal equation becomes highly nonlinear, their applications in orthorhombic media become complex. We have de
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43

Гулина, Ю. С., Р. А. Хмельницкий та О. Е. Ковальчук. "Оптимальные схемы трассировки лучей в среднем ИК диапазоне через основные модельные формы неограненных и ограненных алмазов". Оптика и спектроскопия 131, № 2 (2023): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2023.02.55015.1-23.

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An analysis of ray-tracing schemes in the mid-IR range through the main model forms of rough and polished diamonds used for determining content of basic defects based on optical absorption measurements has been carried out. It is shown that in the traditional transmission measurement scheme only a small fraction of the radiation incident on the crystal is detected due to refraction and scattering in many crystals, leading to decreasing of the signal-to-noise ratio and to narrowing of the signal levels dynamic range. Practical recommendations are given and optimal variants of ray-tracing scheme
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44

Waheed, Umair bin, Ivan Pšenčík, Vlastislav Červený, Einar Iversen, and Tariq Alkhalifah. "Two-point paraxial traveltime formula for inhomogeneous isotropic and anisotropic media: Tests of accuracy." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 5 (2013): WC65—WC80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0406.1.

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On several simple models of isotropic and anisotropic media, we have studied the accuracy of the two-point paraxial traveltime formula designed for the approximate calculation of the traveltime between points [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] located in the vicinity of points [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] on a reference ray. The reference ray may be situated in a 3D inhomogeneous isotropic or anisotropic medium with or without smooth curved interfaces. The two-point paraxial traveltime formula has the form of the Taylor expansion of the two-point traveltime with respect
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45

LI, Jing, Wen-Cheng WANG, and En-Hua WU. "Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes by Managing Empty Regions in Adaptive Boxes." Chinese Journal of Computers 32, no. 6 (2009): 1172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1016.2009.01172.

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46

Kildal, P. S. "Analysis of numerically specified multireflector antennas by kinematic and dynamic ray tracing." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 38, no. 10 (1990): 1600–1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.59773.

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47

Hursky, Paul, Alison B. Laferriere, and Emanuel F. Coelho. "Addressing non-linearity in tomography using ray theory." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 4_Supplement (2024): A27. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0034988.

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Ocean acoustic tomography has been formulated as a linearized inversion of a forward model based on ray tracing. In this formulation, we are solving for refinements of a zero-order sound speed model that reproduce measured travel times, travel times that are also being modeled by the ray tracer. The linear approximation is based on calculating travel time perturbations by integrating the sound speed refinements over the ray paths, assuming the ray paths themselves are not impacted by the sound speed refinements. Clearly, the offset between the presumed (zero-order) sound speed and the actual s
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48

Lu, Chungu, and John P. Boyd. "Rossby Wave Ray Tracing in a Barotropic Divergent Atmosphere." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 5 (2008): 1679–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2537.1.

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Abstract The effects of divergence on low-frequency Rossby wave propagation are examined by using the two-dimensional Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) method and ray tracing in the framework of a linear barotropic dynamic system. The WKB analysis shows that the divergent wind decreases Rossby wave frequency (for wave propagation northward in the Northern Hemisphere). Ray tracing shows that the divergent wind increases the zonal group velocity and thus accelerates the zonal propagation of Rossby waves. It also appears that divergence tends to feed energy into relatively high wavenumber waves, so
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Khemraev, K. A. "THE USE OF REFRACTED WAVES IN SURFACE-CONSISTENT PROCEDURES OF DYNAMIC CORRECTION." Russian Journal of geophysical technologies, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/2619-1563-2018-2-1.

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Abstract:
In the given paper a three factor decomposition of the field of refracted waves is considered with help of ray-tracing. Due to the fact that the solution obtained on the basis of the mathematical model is unstable, a condition is proposed that regularizes the solution. The possibility of applying the considered mathematical model is demonstrated in case of refraction and buried objects.
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50

Garanzha, Kirill. "The Use of Precomputed Triangle Clusters for Accelerated Ray Tracing in Dynamic Scenes." Computer Graphics Forum 28, no. 4 (2009): 1199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01497.x.

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