Academic literature on the topic 'Dynamic propensity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Schoenenberger, Cora-Ann, Nicolas Bischler, Birthe Fahrenkrog, and Ueli Aebi. "Actin's propensity for dynamic filament patterning." FEBS Letters 529, no. 1 (August 28, 2002): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03267-2.
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Zhang, Wei-Bin. "Business Cycles in a Three-sector Growth Model with Portfolio Equilibrium between Land, Gold and Capital." Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research 12, no. 2 (April 12, 2018): 171–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973801017753284.
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This study generalises a growth model proposed by Zhang (2016) through allowing all the time-dependent variables to be time-dependent. Zhang’s model deals with dynamic interdependence between capital accumulation and environmental change, with portfolio equilibrium among land, gold and physical wealth in a multi-sector general equilibrium framework. The model explains the dynamics of prices, rents and distribution of land, gold, physical wealth and environmental change on the basis of micro-economic foundation. This article generalises the model to explain business cycles due to different exogenous shocks. We simulate the motion of the economy and conduct comparative dynamic analysis to demonstrate business cycles due to periodic oscillations in the propensity to use gold, the propensity to consume housing, the propensity to consume industrial goods, the propensity to consume agricultural goods, the propensity to save, and the tax rate on the consumption of industrial goods. JEL Classification: O41, D41, E32
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Kim, Daekeon, Daun Jeong, and YounJoon Jung. "Dynamic propensity as an indicator of heterogeneity in room-temperature ionic liquids." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 36 (2014): 19712–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01893a.
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Wang, Xiaoyuan, Jin Liu, and Jinglei Zhang. "Dynamic Recognition Model of Driver’s Propensity under Multilane Traffic Environments." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/309415.
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Driver’s propensity intends to change along with driving environment. In this paper, the situation factors (vehicle groups) that affect directly the driver’s affection among environment factors are considered under two-lane conditions. Then dynamic recognition model of driver’s propensity can be established in time-varying environment through Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN). Physiology-psychology experiments and real vehicle tests are designed to collect characteristic data of driver’s propensity in different situations. Results show that the model is adaptable to realize the dynamic recognition of driver’s propensity type in multilane conditions, and it provides a theoretical basis for the realization of human-centered and personalized automobile active safety systems.
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Shikano, Susumu, and Bernhard Kittel. "Dynamics of Voting Propensity." Political Research Quarterly 69, no. 4 (September 28, 2016): 813–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912916663654.
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This paper aims to deliver experimental evidence on the dispute between two behavioral models of electoral turnout. Both models share the idea that the subjects’ voting propensities are updated from their past propensities, aspirations, and realized payoffs. However, they differ in the exact specification of the feedback mechanism. The first model has a strong feedback mechanism toward 50 percent, while the other has only moderate feedback. This difference leads to two distinct distributions of voter types: the first model generates more casual voters who vote and abstain from time to time. The latter generates more habitual voting behavior. Thus far, the latter model seemed to be better supported empirically because survey data reveal more habitual voters and abstainers than casual voters. Given that the two models differ in their propensity updating mechanism in dynamic processes, a more direct test of their assumptions as well as implications with survey data is still pending. We designed a laboratory experiment in which subjects repeatedly make turnout and voting decisions. The result from experimental data is mixed, but more supportive of the second model with habitual voters and abstainers.
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Zhang, Wei-Bin. "Values of Land and Renewable Resources in a Three-Sector Economic Growth Model." Studies in Business and Economics 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 156–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbe-2015-0015.
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Abstract This paper studies dynamic interdependence of capital, land and resource values in a three sector growth model with endogenous wealth and renewable resources. The model is based on the neoclassical growth theory, Ricardian theory and growth theory with renewable resources. The household’s decision is modeled with an alternative approach proposed by Zhang two decades ago. The economic system consists of the households, industrial, agricultural, and resource sectors. The model describes a dynamic interdependence between wealth accumulation, resource change, and division of labor under perfect competition. We simulate the model to demonstrate the existence of a unique stable equilibrium point and plot the motion of the dynamic system. The study conducts comparative dynamic analysis with regard to changes in the propensity to consume resources, the propensity to consume housing, the propensity to consume agricultural goods, the propensity to consume industrial goods, the propensity to save, the population, and the output elasticity of capital of the resource sector.
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Hedges, Lester O., and Juan P. Garrahan. "Dynamic propensity in a kinetically constrained lattice gas." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 19, no. 20 (April 25, 2007): 205124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/20/205124.
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Zhang, Wei-Bin. "A neoclassical growth model with endogenous birth and mortality rates." Ekonomski anali 66, no. 231 (2021): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka2131099z.
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This study examines dynamic interdependence between different socio-cultural groups? birth rates, mortality rates, populations, wealth accumulation, and the allocation of time between work, leisure, and childcare. It emphasises the role of changes in human capital, technology, and preferences on birth and mortality rates and time allocations. The economic mechanism of wealth and income distribution is based on the Walrasian general equilibrium theory, and wealth accumulation is based on the Solow growth model. The paper uses a utility function proposed by Zhang (2015) to describe the behaviour of households. It also models group and gender differences in human capital, the propensity to have children, the propensity to use leisure time, and the efficiency of childcare. The paper uses differential equations to describe the dynamics of group differences in wealth, income, birth rates, mortality rates, and populations. I simulate a model to show the motion of the system and identify the existence of an equilibrium point. I also examine the effects on the dynamics of the economic system of changes in the propensity to have children and the propensity to save, and in gender differences in the propensity to use leisure, in human capital, and in emotional involvement in childcare.
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Wang, Xiaoyuan, Jianqiang Wang, Jinglei Zhang, and Xuegang Jeff Ban. "Lane-changing model with dynamic consideration of driver's propensity." International Journal of Modern Physics C 26, no. 02 (February 2015): 1550015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183115500151.
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Lane-changing is the driver's selection result of the satisfaction degree in different lane driving conditions. There are many different factors influencing lane-changing behavior, such as diversity, randomicity and difficulty of measurement. So it is hard to accurately reflect the uncertainty of drivers' lane-changing behavior. As a result, the research of lane-changing models is behind that of car-following models. Driver's propensity is her/his emotion state or the corresponding preference of a decision or action toward the real objective traffic situations under the influence of various dynamic factors. It represents the psychological characteristics of the driver in the process of vehicle operation and movement. It is an important factor to influence lane-changing. In this paper, dynamic recognition of driver's propensity is considered during simulation based on its time-varying discipline and the analysis of the driver's psycho-physic characteristics. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to quantify the hierarchy of driver's dynamic lane-changing decision-making process, especially the influence of the propensity. The model is validated using real data. Test results show that the developed lane-changing model with the dynamic consideration of a driver's time-varying propensity and the AHP method are feasible and with improved accuracy.
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Covey, Judith, and Qiyuan Zhang. "The effect of dynamic proximity cues on counterfactual plausibility." Judgment and Decision Making 9, no. 6 (November 2014): 586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500006446.
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AbstractPrevious research has found that people consult closeness or proximity cues when they evaluate the plausibility or likelihood of a counterfactual alternative to reality. In this paper we asked whether the plausibility of counterfactuals extends to dynamic proximity cues that signal a sense of propensity or acceleration in the lead-up to an outcome. Subjects gambled on obtaining either three heads or three tails from three coin-flips. When they lost the gamble they thought it was more likely that they could have won if they had lost on the third coin-flip that was revealed rather than the first or second coin-flip. We discuss how the sense of propensity was raised prior to the revelation of the final decisive losing coin-flip which created a perception of psychological momentum towards winning. Moreover, the consequence of this propensity effect was to positively bias perceptions of the likelihood of the counterfactual winning outcome.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Widmer-Cooper, Asaph. "Structure and dynamics in two-dimensional glass-forming alloys." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1320.
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The glass-transition traverses continuously from liquid to solid behaviour, yet the role of structure in this large and gradual dynamic transition is poorly understood. This thesis presents a theoretical study of the relationship between structure and dynamics in two-dimensional glass-forming alloys, and provides new tools and real-space insight into the relationship at a microscopic level. The work is divided into two parts. Part I is concerned with the role of structure in the appearance of spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a supercooled glass-forming liquid. The isoconfigurational ensemble method is introduced as a general tool for analysing the effect that a configuration has on the subsequent particle motion, and the dynamic propensity is presented as the aspect of structural relaxation that can be directly related to microscopic variations in the structure. As the temperature is reduced, the spatial distribution of dynamic propensity becomes increasingly heterogeneous. This provides the first direct evidence that the development of spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a fragile glass-former is related to spatial variations in the structure. The individual particle motion also changes from Gaussian to non- Gaussian as the temperature is reduced, i.e. the configuration expresses its character more and more intermittently. The ability of several common measures of structure and a measure of structural ‘looseness’ to predict the spatial distribution of dynamic propensity are then tested. While the local coordination environment, local potential energy, and local free volume show some correlation with propensity, they are unable to predict its spatial variation. Simple coarse-graining does not help either. These results cast doubt on the microscopic basis of theories of the glass transition that are based purely on concepts of free volume or local potential energy. In sharp contrast, a dynamic measure of structural ‘looseness’ - an isoconfigurational single-particle Debye-Waller (DW) factor - is able to predict the spatial distribution of propensity in the supercooled liquid. This provides the first microscopic evidence for previous correlations found between short- and long-time dynamics in supercooled liquids. The spatial distribution of the DW factor changes rapidly in the supercooled liquid and suggests a picture of structural relaxation that is inconsistent with simple defect diffusion. Overall, the work presented in Part I provides a real-space description of the transition from structure-independent to structure-dependent dynamics, that is complementary to the configuration-space description provided by the energy landscape picture of the glass transition. In Part II, an investigation is presented into the effect of varying the interparticle potential on the phase behaviour of the binary soft-disc model. This represents a different approach to studying the role of structure in glass-formation, and suggests many interesting directions for future work. The structural and dynamic properties of six different systems are characterised, and some comparisons are made between them. A wide range of alloy-like structures are formed, including substitutionally ordered crystals, amorphous solids, and multiphase materials. Approximate phase diagrams show that glass-formation generally occurs between competing higher symmetry structures. This work identifies two new glass-forming systems with effective chemical ordering and substantially different short- and medium-range structure compared to the glassformer studied in Part I. These represent ideal candidates for extending the study presented in Part I. There also appears to be a close connection between quasicrystal and glass-formation in 2D via random-tiling like structures. This may help explain the experimental observation that quasicrystals sometimes vitrify on heating. The alignment of asymmetric unit cells is found to be the rate-limiting step in the crystal nucleation and growth of a substitutionally ordered crystal, and another system shows amorphous-crystal coexistence and appears highly stable to complete phase separation. The generality of these results and their implications for theoretical descriptions of the glass transition are also discussed.
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Widmer-Cooper, Asaph. "Structure and dynamics in two-dimensional glass-forming alloys." Science. School of Chemistry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1320.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)The glass-transition traverses continuously from liquid to solid behaviour, yet the role of structure in this large and gradual dynamic transition is poorly understood. This thesis presents a theoretical study of the relationship between structure and dynamics in two-dimensional glass-forming alloys, and provides new tools and real-space insight into the relationship at a microscopic level. The work is divided into two parts. Part I is concerned with the role of structure in the appearance of spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a supercooled glass-forming liquid. The isoconfigurational ensemble method is introduced as a general tool for analysing the effect that a configuration has on the subsequent particle motion, and the dynamic propensity is presented as the aspect of structural relaxation that can be directly related to microscopic variations in the structure. As the temperature is reduced, the spatial distribution of dynamic propensity becomes increasingly heterogeneous. This provides the first direct evidence that the development of spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a fragile glass-former is related to spatial variations in the structure. The individual particle motion also changes from Gaussian to non- Gaussian as the temperature is reduced, i.e. the configuration expresses its character more and more intermittently. The ability of several common measures of structure and a measure of structural ‘looseness’ to predict the spatial distribution of dynamic propensity are then tested. While the local coordination environment, local potential energy, and local free volume show some correlation with propensity, they are unable to predict its spatial variation. Simple coarse-graining does not help either. These results cast doubt on the microscopic basis of theories of the glass transition that are based purely on concepts of free volume or local potential energy. In sharp contrast, a dynamic measure of structural ‘looseness’ - an isoconfigurational single-particle Debye-Waller (DW) factor - is able to predict the spatial distribution of propensity in the supercooled liquid. This provides the first microscopic evidence for previous correlations found between short- and long-time dynamics in supercooled liquids. The spatial distribution of the DW factor changes rapidly in the supercooled liquid and suggests a picture of structural relaxation that is inconsistent with simple defect diffusion. Overall, the work presented in Part I provides a real-space description of the transition from structure-independent to structure-dependent dynamics, that is complementary to the configuration-space description provided by the energy landscape picture of the glass transition. In Part II, an investigation is presented into the effect of varying the interparticle potential on the phase behaviour of the binary soft-disc model. This represents a different approach to studying the role of structure in glass-formation, and suggests many interesting directions for future work. The structural and dynamic properties of six different systems are characterised, and some comparisons are made between them. A wide range of alloy-like structures are formed, including substitutionally ordered crystals, amorphous solids, and multiphase materials. Approximate phase diagrams show that glass-formation generally occurs between competing higher symmetry structures. This work identifies two new glass-forming systems with effective chemical ordering and substantially different short- and medium-range structure compared to the glassformer studied in Part I. These represent ideal candidates for extending the study presented in Part I. There also appears to be a close connection between quasicrystal and glass-formation in 2D via random-tiling like structures. This may help explain the experimental observation that quasicrystals sometimes vitrify on heating. The alignment of asymmetric unit cells is found to be the rate-limiting step in the crystal nucleation and growth of a substitutionally ordered crystal, and another system shows amorphous-crystal coexistence and appears highly stable to complete phase separation. The generality of these results and their implications for theoretical descriptions of the glass transition are also discussed.
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Alvarez, Rodrigo Baggi Prieto. "Instrumentos públicos de incentivo às exportações e desempenho de estreantes no mercado internacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96131/tde-25092013-160818/.
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A compreensão da dinâmica de persistência e evasão da atividade exportadora é fundamental para o desenho de incentivos adequados às firmas estreantes no mercado internacional e encontra respaldo nos modelos da nova teoria do comércio internacional. O propósito deste trabalho é investigar os determinantes do desempenho de firmas industriais brasileiras estreantes no mercado internacional, em termos de probabilidade de sobrevivência e evolução do valor exportado, com especial atenção aos impactos dos instrumentos de apoio Drawback, BNDES Exim e Proex. Para tanto, serão analisadas empresas estreantes no comércio exterior entre os anos de 1998 e 2003, configurando um painel desbalanceado com 8,5 mil firmas. Por meio de análise econométrica para dados em painel e estimação de modelos de duração, verificou-se que a função de sobrevivência e crescimento do valor médio exportado no tempo difere claramente entre firmas que utilizam um dos benefícios e aquelas que não o fazem. Também se pode afirmar que custos irreversíveis de entrada no comércio internacional não sejam desprezíveis entre as firmas industriais analisadas, o que indica que os programas públicos de promoção de exportações devam se concentrar na (i) redução da taxa de abandono das recém-exportadoras e (ii) na minimização dos custos fixos associados aos investimentos para entrada no mercado exportador.Understanding the dynamics of persistence and evasion of export activity is essential for the design of export promotion for new exporters and international trade policies. Several results point to the importance of taking into account the specific sector of the industry in the implementation of public policies, which is supported by the new models of international trade theory. The purpose of this work is to investigate the determinants of the performance of Brazilian industrial new exporters, with particular attention to the impacts of Drawback, BNDES Exim and Proex. For this, we analyzed firms between the 1998 and 2003, constituting an unbalanced panel with 8500 firms. By panel data analysis and estimation of duration models, we found that the survival function and the growth of exports clearly differs among companies that use one of the programs and those that do not. One can also say that sunk costs are not negligible among the industrial firms analyzed, which indicates that public export promotion should focus on (i) reducing the dropout rate of new exporters and (ii) minimize the fixed sunk costs related with initial investments to begin the export activty.
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Granlund, David. "Economic policy in health care : Sickness absence and pharmaceutical costs." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Economics, Umeå University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1137.
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Picchio, Matteo. "Temporary jobs in Italy: wage differentials and their dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242638.
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Gli obiettivi di questa tesi sono l'analisi degli effetti salariali del lavoro temporaneo in Italia e la stima dinamica della probabilità di essere un lavoratore temporaneo, utilizzando l'Indagine sui bilanci delle famiglie italiane (SHIW) condotta dalla Banca d'Italia. Il primo di questi è affrontato utilizzando differenti tecniche econometriche: il punto di partenza è un'analisi cross-section utilizzando l'ondata del 2002 della SHIW; dopodiché, sfruttando le ondate del 2000 e del 2002 della SHIW e quindi la dimensione longitudinale, un'analisi econometrica panel è condotta. Infine, facendo ricorso alle ondate del 2000, 2002 e 2004 della SHIW, modelli dinamici probit ad effetti inosservati sono stimati per testare l'ipotesi di dipendenza di stato del lavoro temporaneo, per comprenderne le determinanti e per dedurre le dinamiche interrelate della disoccupazione, occupazione temporanea e occupazione permanente.
I principali risultati empirici riguardanti i differenziali salariali mostrano che in Italia i lavoratori temporanei soffrono una penalità in termini salariali. Prendendo in considerazione componenti non osservabili individuali e tipiche dell'attività lavorativa svolta, il divario salariale è attorno al 12-13%. Inoltre, si riscontrano più elevati ritorni salariali dall'esperienza lavorativa maturata all'interno della stessa impresa per i lavoratori temporanei: il differenziale salariale si riduce, perciò, di 2.3 punti percentuali all'anno.
Dall'analisi delle transizioni da disoccupazione ad occupazione temporanea e da quest'ultima ad occupazione permanente, si evince che, a parità di caratteristiche osservabili e inosservabili, il lavoro temporaneo è un canale di uscita dalla disoccupazione e un trampolino di lancio verso un'occupazione permanente: incrementa la probabilità di ottenere una posizione permanente (effetto ``stepping stone'') e riduce la probabilità di disoccupazione.The purposes of this dissertation are the analysis of the wage effects of temporary jobs in Italy and the dynamic estimate of the probability of being a temporary worker using the Survey of Italian Households' Income and Wealth (SHIW) conducted by the Bank of Italy. The former target is addressed using different econometric techniques: the starting point is a cross-section analysis using the 2002 wave of the SHIW, then we add the longitudinal dimension and, exploiting the 2000 and 2002 waves of the SHIW we carry out a panel data econometric analysis. Finally, using the 2000, 2002, and 2004 waves of the SHIW we estimate some dynamic unobserved effects probit models to test the hypothesis of state dependence of temporary jobs, to understand their determinants, and to realize the inter-related dynamics of unemployment, temporary employment, and permanent employment. As far as wage differentials are concerned, the main empirical results show that in Italy temporary workers are worse paid than permanent employees. Taking into account of individual- and job-specific unobservable components results in an estimated wage penalty for temporary workers of about 12-13%. Furthermore, there is evidence of higher wage returns to tenure for temporary workers, generating a reduction in the wage gap by about 2.3 percentage points after one year of tenure. When we move on to the analysis of the transitions from unemployment to temporary employment and from the latter to permanent employment, the main findings suggest that, given observable and unobservable characteristics, temporary jobs are both a channel out of unemployment and a "stepping stone" into regular employment: they increase the likelihood of finding a permanent position (the stepping stone effect) and they decrease the probability of unemployment.
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Esterhuizen, Stefanie-Marié. "An intervention programme to optimise the cognitive development of grade R-learners :|ba bounded pilot study / Stefani-Marié Esterhuizen." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10431.
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It is imperative to prepare South African learners to participate and function confidently within the context of a rapidly changing world. The curriculum of the South African Education System emphasises the significance of optimising learners‟ cognitive development as early as pre-school age to enable them to become creative and critical citizens who lead purposeful lives in a safe and prejudice-free environment. Despite continuous efforts by educators to optimise cognitive development, recently executed research studies indicate that cognitive development has not been adequately optimised in South African schools. This study was undertaken to establish the cognitive development level (cognitive and meta-cognitive skills and strategies, cognitive functions and non-intellective factors) of Grade R-learners and to determine the effect of an intervention programme, the Cognitive Enhancement Programme for Pre-schoolers (CEPP), on their cognitive development. By means of a literature study, I investigated whether, to what extent the cognitive development of Grade R-learners was taking place, and established which cognitive and meta-cognitive thinking skills and strategies, cognitive functions and non-intellective factors are required for effective cognitive development among Grade R-learners. In addition to this, the role of mediation for optimising cognitive development was investigated. A concurrent embedded mixed methods design was conducted in the implementation of the research. Intervention research within a quasi-experimental research design was applied. The data collection by means of a quantitative strategy (quasi-experimental research) and qualitative strategy (observation study) was executed simultaneously. By means of convenient sampling, one Grade R-class with twenty learners was subjected to a pre-test to establish their cognitive developmental level. The test results as well as the observations conducted during the pre-test revealed that the learners experienced problems related to their cognitive development. Ten of the twenty learners were then divided purposively based on their test performance into two experimental groups, Experimental Group A and Experimental Group B consisting of five participants each. Experimental group A and Experimental Group B took part in the CEPP intervention based on the principles of mediation on a rotational basis over a period of twelve weeks, during which intentional attempts were made to optimise their cognitive development. Both groups completed a post-test and delayed post-test (retention) to determine the effect of the CEPP intervention on their cognitive development. In addition to the test results, observations in the form of structured running and anecdotal records and reflective notes were utilised to understand the nature and quality of the cognitive development of the learners better. Furthermore, the effect of the intervention on their cognitive development was established. The cognitive development of Grade R-learners who participated in this study was optimised, which is a clear indication that cognitive capacity can be optimised when instruction is based on the principles of mediationPhD, Teaching and Learning, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012
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Lee, Gil Jun. "Design and Analysis of a Novel Squeak Test Apparatus Developed for Objective Rating of Squeak Propensity and Its Application." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491559048555905.
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Wang, Mann-Na, and 王曼娜. "An Application of Dynamic Assessment in Evaluating the Learning Propensity of Aboriginal Children in Taiwan, R.O.C." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24336404116272484045.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育研究所
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This study investigated the performance of Taiwan aboriginal chidlren in the New Chinese Intelligence Scale and the effect of application of dynamic assessment procedures. An pretest-posttest equivalent design was employed to examine the effects of the dynamic assessment procedures. The subjects of this study involved twenty-six grade 4 aboriginal children in Taiwan, R.O.C.from two district ethnic groups: 13 mountain aborigines and 13 urban aborigines. The New Chinese Intelligence Scale, dynamic assessment training materials, and assessment manual were used for assessing and training purposes. The data analyzed by using t-test and ANCOVA. The major findings of this study were as follows: I. In the pre-test which use a standardized procedure (1)There were significant differences in the scores of full IQ and the five subtests which were Figure Assembly, Visual Search, Logical Reasoning, Arithmetic Reasoning and Verbal Relation between the aboriginal and the norm. But no significant differences in the scores of the following subtests: Visual Memory, Vocabulary Memory, and Figural Progressive Matrix. (2)There were no significant differences in full IQ and the eight subtests scores between the districts and between the gender. II. In the intra-individual ability pattern analysis (1)The basic mental function in both visual and auditory dimensions, especially visual search ability and The figure/spatial. reasoning are better than the abilities of concept comprehension, verbal reasoning and arithmetic reasoning. (2)The intra-individual ability pattern were quite varied between different districts and between the gender. III. In the post-test which use a dynamic assessment procedure (1)There were significant differences in full IQ between the experiment group and the control group. Half of the subjects of the former group had a improvement of a full standard deviation difference. (2)There were no significant differences in the following subtests: Visual Search, Verbal Relation, Figure Assembly, Logical Reasoning and Figural Progressive Matrix. (3)The application of dynamic assessment produced a substantial improvement in IQ score, but the individual differences were quite large, thus no significant differences in the five subtests scores.
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Koemle, Dieter. "The impact of agri-environmental policy and infrastructure on wildlife and land prices." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E538-E.
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Bailey, Nevette Adia. "Dynamics of Translation Elongation in an mRNA Context with a High Frameshifting Propensity." Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qsnc-d250.
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Ribosomes are universally conserved macromolecular machines found within all living cells that catalyze protein synthesis, one of nature’s most fundamental processes. Ribosomes synthesize proteins, which are polymeric chains of amino acids, by incorporating the amino acids one at a time via aminoacylated-transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs), based on translation of the sequence of triplet- nucleotide codons presented by the messenger RNA (mRNA) template that is a direct readout of genomic DNA. Recent biochemical, structural, dynamic, and computational studies have uncovered large-scale conformational changes of the ribosome, its tRNA substrates, and the additional protein translation factors that play important roles in regulating protein synthesis, especially during the elongation phase of translation when the bulk of each protein is synthesized. How the ribosome, its translation elongation factors, tRNAs, and mRNA physically coordinate and regulate the movements of the tRNAs carrying amino acids into, through, and out of the ribosome remains one of the more fundamental questions in the mechanistic studies of protein synthesis. A complete understanding of the conformational dynamics of ribosomal complexes will improve our knowledge of how translation is regulated, including how ribosome-targeting antibiotics regulate translation elongation, and will provide crucial information for designing next-generation antibiotics. In this thesis I have investigated the conformational dynamics of the ribosome during the elongation phase of protein synthesis at the single-molecule level using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) microscopy experiments. Specifically, I have studied ribosomal dynamics during the elongation phase of translation in the presence of a tRNAPro in the context of an mRNA that has the propensity to shift out of the reading frame. My studies have revealed information about the mechanistic and regulatory functions of the posttranscriptional modifications of tRNAPro in a context in which the ribosomal complex has the propensity to undergo non-programmed +1-frameshifting, in which the tRNA-mRNA base pairing shifts one base toward the 3’ end of the mRNA, and if unchecked, leads to the synthesis of a polypeptide with a completely different sequence of amino acids. My data suggests that in this context, the mechanism underlying non-programmed +1-frameshifting involves the tRNA shifting out of frame prior to the tRNA being accommodated in the P site, i.e. either while the tRNA is in the A site, or more likely, during translocation of the tRNA from the A site to the P site, and not while the tRNA is already occupying the P site, as previously proposed.
Books on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Barbera, Filippo, Roberto Paladini, and Marco Vedovato. Venice Original E-commerce dell’artigianato artistico e tradizionale veneziano. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-615-2.
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In the last few years, many researchers have highlighted the economic and cultural impact that crafts have on the development of territories, enhancing local identities and traditions. Various researches also point to the close relationship between trade (sometimes called ‘neighbourhood’ trade), crafts and historic centres, in terms of quality of life, and socio-economic and identity development of territories, showing their new centrality to processes of urban development and regeneration and the formation of social capital. It is evident how enterprise contributes to local development through social interactions based on negotiated and open collaborations between microenterprises, community and network. It was well argued how small business (commerce, crafts and neighbourhood stores) has always played an important role as a social garrison in sparsely populated areas, allowing cities and particularly urban centres to become more lively or livable, being able to give or take away quality from the city and the territory, attributing peculiarity, security and specificity to places or trivialising them in a homogenised landscape. Among the services of social utility recognised to the artisan workshop are: the guarantee of services useful to the livability of the place, the garrisoning of territories and the development of social relations, the promotion of local identity and its know-how, and the creation of employment opportunities through modest initial availability of capital. At the same time, the worsening recessionary dynamics that have occurred in the global economy over the past two decades and the disruptive digital transition have exposed such enterprises to increasing difficulties, disruptively accentuating the decline in competitiveness and propensity to innovate of a large proportion of craft SMEs, of which the socioeconomic literature does not see significant adaptations to the changed environment, such as reconfiguring the business model, adopting a totally new strategic plan adapting to the digital transition, generational transition, and adopting innovative organisational or system behaviours. This volume presents the Venice Original E-Commerce case – a project carried out by the Venice Metropolitan CNA thanks to the support of J.P. Morgan, the support of the Venice Rovigo Chamber of Commerce and the sponsorship of the City of Venice and Ca’ Foscari University of Venice – as a reference project intervention to focus on a possible model of intervention to support culturally-valued artisan micro-enterprises, intervening on the process of strategic renewal and the conditions to foster generational turnover, understood as an opportunity to fill the gap on the digitisation of the artisan sector.
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Zick, Timothy. The Dynamic Free Speech Clause. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190841416.001.0001.
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This book examines the relational dynamics between the U.S. Constitution’s Free Speech Clause and other constitutional rights. The free speech guarantee has intersected with a variety of other constitutional rights. Those intersections have significantly influenced the recognition, scope, and meaning of rights ranging from freedom of the press to the Second Amendment right to bear arms. They have also influenced interpretation of the Free Speech Clause itself. Free speech principles and doctrines have facilitated the recognition and effective exercise of constitutional rights, including equal protection, the right to abortion, and the free exercise of religion. They have also provided mediating principles for constructive debates about constitutional rights. At the same time, in its interactions with other constitutional rights, the Free Speech Clause has also been a complicating force. It has dominated rights discourse and subordinated or supplanted free press, assembly, petition, and free exercise rights. Currently, courts and commentators are fashioning the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms in the image of the Free Speech Clause. Borrowing the Free Speech Clause for this purpose may turn out to be detrimental for both rights. The book examines the common and distinctive dynamics that have brought free speech and other constitutional rights together. It assesses the products and consequences of these intersections, and draws important lessons from them about constitutional rights and constitutional liberty. Ultimately, the book defends a pluralistic conception of constitutional rights that seeks to leverage the power of the Free Speech Clause but also to tame its propensity to subordinate, supplant, and eclipse other constitutional rights.
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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE International Congress & Exposition (1992 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Vehicle dynamics and rollover propensity research. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1992.
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Andrews-Hanna, Jessica R., Zachary C. Irving, Kieran C. R. Fox, R. Nathan Spreng, and Kalina Christoff. The Neuroscience of Spontaneous Thought. Edited by Kalina Christoff and Kieran C. R. Fox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464745.013.33.
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An often-overlooked characteristic of the human mind is its propensity to wander. Despite growing interest in the science of mind-wandering, most studies operationalize mind-wandering by its task-unrelated contents, which may be orthogonal to the processes constraining how thoughts are evoked and unfold over time. This chapter emphasizes the importance of incorporating such processes into current definitions of mind-wandering, and proposes that mind-wandering and other forms of spontaneous thought (such as dreaming and creativity) are mental states that arise and transition relatively freely due to an absence of constraints on cognition. The chapter reviews existing psychological, philosophical, and neuroscientific research on spontaneous thought through the lens of this framework, and calls for additional research into the dynamic properties of the mind and brain.
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Pizza, Fabio, and Carlo Cipolli. Other sleep laboratory procedures (MSLT, MWT, and actigraphy). Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0009.
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Sleep medicine practice requires different objective procedures apart from nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) to quantify sleep patterns and daytime sleepiness. Two approaches are available to measure daytime sleep propensity and vigilance: the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT). Both tests require multiple nap opportunities under online dynamic PSG monitoring; however, in the MSLT, the subject is asked to try to fall asleep (and sleep 15 minutes to document sleep onset REM periods), but in the MWT to remain awake. The MSLT is the gold standard test for the differential diagnosis of central disorders of hypersomnolence after careful clinical assessment, while the MWT is useful to document vigilance levels for safety reasons. Rest–activity patterns can be documented for prolonged periods by actigraphy to measure circadian sleep distribution. Actigraphy is therefore a useful objective tool for insomnia, circadian rhythm, and sleepiness assessment and to track treatment response.
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Volgy, Thomas J., Kelly Marie Gordell, Paul Bezerra, and Jon Patrick Rhamey, Jr. Conflict, Regions, and Regional Hierarchies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.310.
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Despite decades of scholarly attention to conflict and cooperation processes in international politics, rigorous, comparative, large-N analyses of these questions at the region level are difficult to find in the literature. Although this relative absence may stem in part from the difficulties related to the theoretical conceptualization or methodological operationalization of regions, it certainly is not for lack of interesting variation in terms of conflict and cooperation processes across regions. Between this variation and recent contributions toward a dynamic identification of regions, comparative analysis of conflict and cooperation outcomes at the region level are primed for exploration and increasingly salient as recent political elections in the United States (Trump election) and the United Kingdom (Brexit) have demonstrated a willingness on the part of policymakers to scale back efforts toward global interdependence.Turning attention to a region level unit of analysis, however, does not require abandoning decades of scholarship at the state or dyad levels. Indeed, much of this work may be viewed as informing or complementary to comparative regional analyses. In particular, regional propensity for cooperation or conflict is likely to be conditioned by a number of prominent explanations of these phenomena at state and dyad levels, which may usefully be conceived in their regional aggregates as so-called regional fault lines or baseline conditions. These include the presence of major and/or regional powers, interstate rivalries, unresolved territorial claims, civil wars, regime similarity, trade relationships, and common membership in intergovernmental organizations.Of these baseline conditions, the impact of major and regional powers on regional patterns of cooperation and conflict is notable for both its theoretical and practical implications. Power transition theory, hegemonic stability theory, hierarchical theory, and long cycle theory all suggest major—and to a lesser extent regional—powers will seek to establish order within areas under their influence; alternatively, the overwhelming capabilities these states bring to a region arguably act as a deterrent inhibiting conflict. Empirical analysis reveals—irrespective of the causal mechanism at hand—regions characterized by the presence of a major or regional power experience less conflict. Moving forward, future research should work to test the two plausible causal mechanisms for this finding—order building versus deterrence—to determine the true nature of hierarchy’s pacifying influence.
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Clarke, Katherine. Writing an Imperial Geography. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820437.003.0007.
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This chapter explores Herodotus’ presentation of mobility as opposed to stability, such as autochthony. As with monumental projects, context and perspective help to determine whether movement should be viewed as positive or destabilizing. It then considers whether Herodotus supports the idea of a ‘natural order’, on either a small or large scale, and whether changes to the natural world are inherently disrespectful, hubristic, even sacrilegious; or whether such judgements are to be associated only with the enraged, passionate, punitive behaviour of Persia’s grand imperial scheme. The propensity of others, such as the Athenians, to step into Persian shoes encourages a reading of Herodotus’ declaration of the mutability of fortune as a more specific reflection on the ever-changing map of imperial power. Dynamis is seen to be at the heart of Herodotus’ work, no less than that of Thucydides.
Book chapters on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Salmon, Wesley C. "Dynamic Rationality: Propensity, Probability, and Credence." In Probability and Causality, 3–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3997-4_1.
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Banikema, Annie Stéphanie, and Dhruv Bhatli. "Consumers’ Propensity to Resist: The Volitive Dimension of Consumer Resistant Behaviors." In The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World, 198. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50008-9_54.
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Menéndez, C., S. Accordino, J. Rodriguez, D. Gerbino, and G. Appignanesi. "Dynamic Analysis of Backbone-Hydrogen-Bond Propensity for Protein Binding and Drug Design." In Biopolymers for Medical Applications, 317–38. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315368863-14.
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Payan, Janice M., and James Reardon. "The Effect of Culture, Product Self-Image Congruence, and Brand Attitudes on the Propensity to be Brand Loyal." In The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World, 135. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50008-9_36.
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Szulecki, Kacper, Marta Bivand Erdal, and Ben Stanley. "External Voting Patterns: CEE Migrants in Western Europe." In External Voting, 37–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19246-3_3.
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AbstractThis chapter compares external voting of CEE diasporas in Western Europe with voting patterns observed in those diasporas’ respective countries of origin. It focuses on electoral turnout, overall variation in support for parties, and variation in support for parties with respect to key ideological dimensions and issues. Using quantitative data on all parliamentary and presidential elections held in Bulgaria, Czechia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, and Poland, it analyzes the aggregate patterns of divergence and convergence between diaspora and origin-country electorates from the last pre-EU-accession election onward. The analysis shows that diaspora voters are less likely to turn out in elections, but that those who do vote make choices which are legible with respect to origin-country political dynamics and relatively consistent over time, with no evidence of divergence or convergence. The chapter concludes by identifying three important issues to be investigated at the individual level: the impact of election laws and infrastructure on propensity to participate in elections, the relative importance of migration experiences and socio-demographic factors in determining diaspora vote choices, and the impact of host-country society and politics on the behavior of diaspora voters.
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Davis, Christina L. "The Democratic Propensity for Adjudication." In Why Adjudicate? Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691152752.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the democratic propensity for adjudication by conducting a statistical analysis of the use of adjudication by eighty-one states during the period 1975–2004. It uses the data to explore different dimensions of democratic politics and whether demand for adjudication reflects electoral preference for free trade, legal norms, or accountability mechanisms arising from legislative constraints on executive autonomy. The domestic constraints hypothesis receives support from evidence that states with high checks and balances at home are the most frequent users of adjudication. The chapter also shows that the same dynamic generates a positive correlation between democracy and the likelihood of a state to be targeted as a defendant in World Trade Organization (WTO) disputes. The pattern of trade disputes is shaped by domestic politics in terms of institutions of the complainant and defendant and by geopolitics in terms of alliance relations between trade partners.
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Pandey, Jaya Rani, Ajeya Jha, and Saibal Kumar Saha. "Impact of Manipulative Character of Direct-to-Consumer Promotion." In Dynamic Perspectives on Globalization and Sustainable Business in Asia, 198–211. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7095-0.ch013.
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Marketing of pharmaceutical products has remained under firm hold of ethical and legal norms. Direct advertising or any other form of direct promotion has been illegal in any or every country. Arrival of information technology, however, has ensured patients now have direct access to every possible detail of their ailments and their treatment through direct-to-consumer promotion (DTCP). Certain studies have shown that physicians consider DTCP to have manipulative character and are designed by pharmaceutical companies with ulterior motives. The aim is to explore relationship between manipulative character on self-medication propensity, negative perception, and poor patient-physician relationship as per the perception of physicians. With data from 218 physicians, insights into perceived manipulative character, self-medication propensity, negative perception, and poor patient-physician relationship have been achieved. The finding has important implications for regulatory bodies, pharmaceutical companies, and healthcare sector stakeholders.
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Bernal, León Darío Parra, and Milenka Linneth Argote Cusi. "Key Factors of Dynamic SMEs in Colombia Using GEM Data." In Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs, 152–71. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9425-3.ch007.
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This chapter contributes to the public policy discussion about the key factors related with dynamic SMEs in Colombia. Authors analyze the case of Colombia through a quantitative approach with a binomial logistic model to estimate the level of association between selected independent variables and dynamic SMEs in the country using GEM data 2017. One of the most important outcomes was that the export activity as well as the level of education of entrepreneurs and previous business experience increase the propensity of Dynamic SMEs in the country. In contrast, variables such as seed capital at the beginning of business and business training did not show a significant relationship with Dynamic SMEs for this case. Notwithstanding the prosperity entrepreneurship ecosystem in Colombia, only 3% of entrepreneurs and their companies are classified as dynamic by authors' model, and there are still great challenges to changes in public policy toward knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship.
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Bernal, León Darío Parra, and Milenka Linneth Argote Cusi. "Key Factors of Dynamic SMEs in Colombia Using GEM Data." In Research Anthology on Small Business Strategies for Success and Survival, 981–1000. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9155-0.ch048.
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This chapter contributes to the public policy discussion about the key factors related with dynamic SMEs in Colombia. Authors analyze the case of Colombia through a quantitative approach with a binomial logistic model to estimate the level of association between selected independent variables and dynamic SMEs in the country using GEM data 2017. One of the most important outcomes was that the export activity as well as the level of education of entrepreneurs and previous business experience increase the propensity of Dynamic SMEs in the country. In contrast, variables such as seed capital at the beginning of business and business training did not show a significant relationship with Dynamic SMEs for this case. Notwithstanding the prosperity entrepreneurship ecosystem in Colombia, only 3% of entrepreneurs and their companies are classified as dynamic by authors' model, and there are still great challenges to changes in public policy toward knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship.
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Lena, Jennifer C. "Cultural Appropriation." In Entitled, 114–31. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691158914.003.0006.
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This chapter studies the impact of artistic legitimation processes on cultural producers and their communities. It also explores the dynamic debates around cultural appreciation and cultural appropriation that animate the process of artistic legitimation. The propensity for cross-cultural engagement, which typifies many efforts at artistic inclusion, can both reproduce and disrupt stereotypes—that is, sometimes when one celebrates “difference” or novelty, one just ends up reinforcing the fact that something is atypical. The admission of diverse work within the fine arts marks both a tribute to, and a dismantling of, their context of production. The chapter then seeks to understand how the engagement of other people through cultural consumption is viewed as political and ethical action.
Conference papers on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Stankiewicz, Paul G., Alex A. Brown, and Sean N. Brennan. "Determination of Minimum State Preview Time to Prevent Vehicle Rollover." In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-4000.
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This research focuses on determining the minimum preview time needed to predict and prevent vehicle rollover. Statistics show that although rollover only occurs in 2.2% of total highway crashes, it accounts for 10.7% of total fatalities. There are several dynamic rollover metrics in use that measure a vehicle’s rollover propensity under specified conditions. However, in order to prevent a rollover event from occurring, it is necessary to predict a vehicle’s future rollover propensity. This research uses a novel vehicle rollover metric, called the zero-moment point (ZMP), to predict a vehicle’s rollover propensity. Comparing different amounts of preview, the results show that short-range predictions — as little as 0.75 seconds ahead of the vehicle — are sufficient to prevent nearly all dynamics-induced rollovers in typical shoulders and medians.
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Lew, Jae, Damrongrit Piyabongkarn, and John Grogg. "Minimizing Dynamic Rollover Propensity with Electronic Limited Slip Differentials." In SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-1279.
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Nalecz, Andrzej G., Zhengyu Lu, and Kenneth L. d'Entremont. "An Investigation into Dynamic Measures of Vehicle Rollover Propensity." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/930831.
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Wang, Fengchen, and Yan Chen. "Detection of Vehicle Tripped and Untripped Rollovers by a Novel Index With Mass-Center-Position Estimations." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5149.
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This paper presents a novel mass-center-position (MCP) metric for vehicle rollover propensity detection. MCP is first determined by estimating the positions of the center of mass of one sprung mass and two unsprung masses with two switchable roll motion models, before and after tire lift-off. The roll motion information without saturation can then be provided through MCP continuously. Moreover, to detect completed rollover statues for both tripped and untripped rollovers, the criteria are derived from d’Alembert principle and moment balance conditions based on MCP. In addition to tire lift-off, three new rollover statues, rollover threshold, rollover occurrence, and vehicle jumping into air can be all identified by the proposed criteria. Compared with an existing rollover index, lateral load transfer ratio, the fishhook maneuver simulation results in CarSim® for an E-class SUV show that MCP metric can successfully predict the vehicle impending rollover without saturation for untripped rollovers. Tripped rollovers caused by a triangle road bump are also successfully detected in the simulation. Thus, MCP metric can be successfully applied for rollover propensity prediction.
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Wang, Xiaoyuan, Jinglei Zhang, Yaqi Liu, and Yunyun Wang. "Car-Following Model Based on Driver Time-Varying Propensity through Dynamic Computing." In 17th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480915.047.
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Brown, E. N., G. T. Gray, and C. P. Trujillo. "Influence of necking propensity on the dynamic-tensile-extrusion response of fluoropolymers." In DYMAT 2009 - 9th International Conferences on the Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/dymat/2009023.
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Stankiewicz, Paul, Nicolas Ochoa Lleras, Robert Leary, and Sean Brennan. "Vehicle Rollover Prevention Using the Zero-Moment Point in an LQR Output Regulator." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9624.
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This research investigates vehicle control techniques for rollover prevention in a collision avoidance scenario. The zero-moment point (ZMP) is used to evaluate the vehicle’s current and near-future rollover propensity with the purpose of predicting and correcting impending wheel lift. Specifically, a linear-quadratic (LQ) output regulator is utilized to safely navigate the vehicle through a collision avoidance maneuver, while employing a weighting scheme that explicitly accounts for rollover prevention through the ZMP. Results show that ZMP regulation is able to reduce the peak rollover threat to the vehicle. Additionally, it is shown that regulation of ZMP in the near future (previewed ZMP) does not necessarily result in a safe maneuver at the present time.
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Mittal, Divesh, Amol Gulve, and Jonathan M. Weaver. "Characterization of Key Vehicle Parameters Affecting Dynamic Rollover Propensity Using Simulation and 1/10th Model Testing." In SAE 2006 Automotive Dynamics, Stability and Controls Conference and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-1951.
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Wang, Fengchen, and Yan Chen. "Vehicle Rollover Prevention Through a Novel Active Rollover Preventer." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5146.
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To assist vehicle rollover prevention and enhance vehicle roll motion safety, this paper proposes a novel active rollover preventer (ARPer) system, which consists of an in-wheel motor system moving along an orbit at the back of a vehicle. The roll and lateral dynamics of the vehicle equipped with the ARPer are modeled and mechanics analysis of the ARPer is presented as well. Based on the developed models, a Lyapunov nonlinear controller is designed for tracking a desired roll angle and a yaw rate when the impending rollover is detected. For a typical fishhook maneuver, two simulation cases are studied for different vehicle roof cargo loads, which represents different vehicle rollover properties without control. The CarSim®-Simulink co-simulation results show that compared with active front steering and differential braking control strategies, the APRer can successfully prevent the rollover propensity and maintain the vehicle lateral stability simultaneously.
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Osmani, Juliana. "THE ROLE OF AGE AND GENDER IN GROUP DECISION-MAKING PROPENSITY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.147.
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Increasingly, organizations are oriented towards groups to make decisions. This is because some contextual factors have undergone significant changes. Companies are operating in a competitive, dynamic and complex environment, having to face with unstructured and non-programmed decisions. Organizations are also oriented towards participatory processes in order to benefit from the important advantages that these processes offer. The main goal of the current research is to understand if there is a correlation between group decision-making propensity, age and gender. The motivation for the current research starts from the consideration that the degree of preference for group decision-making processes determines the contribution and commitment of the members, with important consequences on the decisions’ effectiveness. The processing and analysis of the collected data indicate that adults prefer group decision-making processes more than young people and women prefer group decision-making processes less than men.
Reports on the topic "Dynamic propensity"
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Berkowitz, Jacob F., Christine M. VanZomeren, Jaybus J. Price, and Anthony M. Priestas. Incorporating Color Change Propensity into Dredged Material Management to Increase Beneficial Use Opportunities. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39261.
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Dredged materials provide a number of beneficial use opportunities, including beach nourishment, habitat creation and restoration, and other activities. In situ sediment color is important for determining aesthetic and habitat suitability, for beach nourishment, and for other projects. However, dredged materials must meet locally established color compatibility requirements (for example, material cannot be too dark). Often, potential sediment sources are close to meeting specified color thresholds, and previous observations suggest that sediments lighten over time. In response to these observations, this study quantified sediment color change potential in a dredged m aterial management context. Results indicate that dredged material sediment color responded to changes in secondary color components, sediment mixing, and photolytic bleaching improving the sediment color for beneficial use application. Findings allowed for development of a conceptual color change capacity framework and supported development of tools for resource managers to incorporate color change dynamic into planning and operations activities.The following report provides a framework for determining the color change capacity of dredged materials using (1) a comprehensive laboratory approach and (2) a semiquantitative index based on source material and placement location conditions. These tools allow practitioners to incorporate dredged-material color change into resource management decisions, thus increasing beneficial use opportunities.
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Benavente, José Miguel, and Pluvia Zuñiga. How Does Market Competition Affect Firm Innovation Incentives in Emerging Countries? Evidence from Chile and Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004235.
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The effect of market competition on firm innovation remains controversial, especially in the context of developing countries. This paper presents new empirical evidence about the causal impact of competition on firm innovation for Chilean and Colombian manufacturing firms. Using instrumental-variable estimation, our results show that market competition increases firm propensity to invest in innovation, but this relationship manifests differently in the two countries. While this relationship is linear in Chilean firms, an inversed-U shaped relation prevails in Colombian firms. In both countries, however, innovation incentives are mostly concentrated in the medium range of the firm productivity distribution. These findings are robust to including past innovation engagement, import competition, and business dynamics. In addition, first- stage estimations show that competition law interventions improved market competition in sanctioned sectors while business entry reforms significantly leveraged competition across industries. These findings stress the importance of pro-competition regulations and competition policy, not only to benefit consumers welfare but also to support firm innovation.
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Stakes, Keith, and Joseph Willi. Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure -- Acquired Structures. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/ceci9490.
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Previous FSRI led research projects have focused on examining the fire environment with regards to current building construction methods, synthetic fuel loading, and best-practices in firefighting strategies and tactics. More than 50 experiments have been previously conducted utilizing furniture to produce vent-limited fire conditions, replicating the residential fire environment, and studying the methods of horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack. Tactical considerations generated from the research are intended to provide fire departments with information to evaluate their standard operating procedures and make improvements, if necessary, to increase the safety and effectiveness of firefighting crews. Unfortunately, there still exists a long standing disconnect between live-fire training and the fireground as evident by continued line of duty injury and death investigations that point directly to a lack of realistic yet safe training, which highlights a continued misunderstanding of fire dynamics within structures. The main objective of the Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure is to evaluate training methods and fuel packages in several different structures commonly used across the fire service to provide and highlight considerations to increase both safety and fidelity. This report is focused on the evaluation of live-fire training in acquired structures. A full scale structure was constructed using a similar floor plan as in the research projects for horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack to provide a comparison between the modern fire environment and the training ground. The structure was instrumented which allowed for the quantification of fire behavior, the impact of various ventilation tactics, and provided the ability to directly compare these experiments with the previous research. Twelve full scale fire experiments were conducted within the test structure using two common training fuel packages: 1) pallets, and 2) pallets and oriented strand board (OSB). To compare the training fuels to modern furnishings, the experiments conducted were designed to replicate both fire and ventilation location as well as event timing to the previous research. Horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack methods were tested, examining the proximity of the vent location to the fire (near vs. far). Each ventilation configuration in this series was tested twice with one of the two training fuel loads. The quantification of the differences between modern furnishings and wood-based training fuel loads and the impact of different ventilation tactics is documented through a detailed comparison to the tactical fireground considerations from the previous research studies. The experiments were compared to identify how the type of fuel used in acquired structures impacts the safety and fidelity of live-fire training. The comparisons in this report characterized initial fire growth, the propensity for the fire to become ventilation limited, the fires response to ventilation, and peak thermal exposure to students and instructors. Comparisons examined components of both functional and physical fidelity. Video footage was used to assess the visual cues, a component of the fire environment that is often difficult to replicate in training due to fuel load restrictions. The thermal environment within the structure was compared between fuel packages with regards to the potential tenability for both students and instructors.