Academic literature on the topic 'Dynamic Priority'

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Journal articles on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Maymir-Ducharme, Fred. "Dynamic priorities, priority scheduling and priority inheritance." ACM SIGAda Ada Letters X, no. 9 (November 1990): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/102456.102467.

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Bin Chen, S. K. Bose, and Wen-De Zhong. "Priority enabled dynamic traffic grooming." IEEE Communications Letters 9, no. 4 (April 2005): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2005.1413636.

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颛, 孙盈. "Dynamic Scheduling Strategy Based on Dynamic Priority Algorithm." Computer Science and Application 09, no. 06 (2019): 1126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/csa.2019.96127.

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Fratini, Stephen S. "Analysis of a dynamic priority queue." Communications in Statistics. Stochastic Models 6, no. 3 (January 1990): 415–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15326349908807155.

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Tung, T. Y., and J. F. Chang. "Analysis of dynamic priority cell discarding." IEE Proceedings - Communications 145, no. 4 (1998): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-com:19982137.

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Chen, Chin-Ling, and Ruay-Shiung Chang. "Dynamic priority transmission mechanism for DQDB." Computer Communications 22, no. 5 (April 1999): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(98)00263-1.

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Chen, T. M., J. Walrand, and D. G. Messerschmitt. "Dynamic priority protocols for packet voice." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 7, no. 5 (June 1989): 632–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.32327.

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Bagchi, Uttarayan, and Robert S. Sullivan. "Dynamic, Non-Preemptive Priority Queues with General, Linearly Increasing Priority Function." Operations Research 33, no. 6 (December 1985): 1278–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.33.6.1278.

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Zhu, Chengming, Yanyan Chen, and Changxi Ma. "The Theory of Dynamic Public Transit Priority with Dynamic Stochastic Park and Ride." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/525460.

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Public transit priority is very important for relieving traffic congestion. The connotation of dynamic public transit priority and dynamic stochastic park and ride is presented. Based on the point that the travel cost of public transit is not higher than the travel cost of car, how to determine the level of dynamic public transit priority is discussed. The traffic organization method of dynamic public transit priority is introduced. For dynamic stochastic park and ride, layout principle, scale, and charging standard are discussed. Traveler acceptability is high through the analysis of questionnaire survey. Dynamic public transit priority with dynamic stochastic park and ride has application feasibility.
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TSUCHIYA, T. "Usage of Network-Level Dynamic Priority and Its Comparison with Static Priority." IEICE Transactions on Communications E88-B, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 1549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietcom/e88-b.4.1549.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Karmacharya, Himal P. (Himal Prasad) 1977. "Distributed dynamic priority queuing medium access control portocol." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86683.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-116).
by Himal P. Karmacharya.
M.Eng.
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Wang, Kenvi. "Dynamic priority management strategies of high-speed Internet services." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419964.

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Khamooshi, H. "Heuristic network-based project scheduling : dynamic priority scheduling method; DPSM." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267918.

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Wang, Chenxing. "DYNAMIC VOLTAGE SCALING FOR PRIORITY-DRIVEN SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/571.

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Energy consumption is increasingly affecting battery life and cooling for real- time systems. Dynamic Voltage and frequency Scaling (DVS) has been shown to substantially reduce the energy consumption of uniprocessor real-time systems. It is worthwhile to extend the efficient DVS scheduling algorithms to distributed system with dependent tasks. The dissertation describes how to extend several effective uniprocessor DVS schedul- ing algorithms to distributed system with dependent task set. Task assignment and deadline assignment heuristics are proposed and compared with existing heuristics concerning energy-conserving performance. An admission test and a deadline com- putation algorithm are presented in the dissertation for dynamic task set to accept the arriving task in a DVS scheduled real-time system. Simulations show that an effective distributed DVS scheduling is capable of saving as much as 89% of energy that would be consumed without using DVS scheduling. It is also shown that task assignment and deadline assignment affect the energy- conserving performance of DVS scheduling algorithms. For some aggressive DVS scheduling algorithms, however, the effect of task assignment is negligible. The ad- mission test accept over 80% of tasks that can be accepted by a non-DVS scheduler to a DVS scheduled real-time system.
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Tyboni, Cecilia. "Visualization of Dynamic Information." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12422.

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Sandvik IT Services (SITS) ambition is to provide a smooth and suitable IT environment for the whole Sandvik organization. The idea is that SITS should provide end-to-end solutions globally in an efficient manner. To ensure that they can provide this, they have to be efficient in their work. To handle problems regarding incident and support, they have a large TV screen that shows important information about different processes. The demand for the information has increased; therefore the information displayed on the screen has also increased. Today, the amount of information on the screen is too big and it makes the information difficult to read and absorb. This work will help make SITS application management more effective in the future. Through Workshops for both managers and developers, it is necessary to find out the difference of what SITS requires to diversify priority information. And also be able to view the information in a user-friendly way, a layout of the information is suggested. The result of this work is to produce a design proposal.
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Yao, Bo 1968. "Priority mechanism for QoS control in CDMA system through dynamic power control." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79272.

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Future wireless systems will have to support multimedia services such as voice, data and video. Issues in providing multimedia services on wireless systems include multiple access, bandwidth rationing, scheduling and power control. In this thesis, we address the last issue. CDMA is assumed to be the access method. Each of these services has different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, maximum power and packet time-out constraints; in order to achieve the required QoS, they can alter their transmission. In this work, we present a novel Power Control With Priority Scheduling (PCWPS) algorithm for a wireless CDMA system, which achieves reliability and efficiently control packet loss due to timeout violation for simultaneously transmitted multimedia traffic, as well as minimizing system total interference. Our power control algorithm requires information about each traffic class instant state, as well as the wireless channel condition at the beginning power update iteration. Based on this information, the optimum allocated power can be calculated through linear or nonlinear programming methods. The simulation results show that our algorithm achieves good performance in term of packet loss due to timeout.
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PRIOLLI, LUCIANA BRAZIL. "DYNAMIC ALLOCATION OF CHANNEL WITH PRIORITY TO CALLS THAT ARE IN HANDOFF." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1999. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7424@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Este trabalho investiga o comportamento de métodos de alocação de canais para Sistemas Móveis Celulares quando associados ao uso de canais de guarda para priorizar chamadas que estejam em handoff. O objetivo desta associação é uma maior qualidade da ligação comparada à obtida quando não se faz uso dessa técnica. Resultados de simulações mostram que este objetivo pode ser atingido.
This work investigates the behavior of channel allocation schemes for Mobile Cellular Systems, when associated with channel guards giving priority to calls that are in handoff procedure. The objective of this association is a better call quality compared to the one in which this technique is not used. Simulation results show that indeed this can be achieved.
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Massicotte, Paul. "Dynamic optimization of job allocation using constant job-mix stages and priority factors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37271.pdf.

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Sudarsan, Rajesh. "ReSHAPE: A Framework for Dynamic Resizing of Parallel Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29137.

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As terascale supercomputers become more common, and as the high-performance computing community turns its attention to petascale machines, the challenge of providing effective resource management for high-end machines grows in both importance and difficulty. These computing resources are by definition expensive, so the cost of underutilization is also high, e.g., wasting 5% of the compute nodes on a 10,000 node cluster is a much more serious problem than on a 100 node cluster. Moreover, the high energy and cooling costs incurred in maintaining these high end machines (often millions of dollars per year) can be justified only when these machines are used to their full capacity. On large clusters, conventional jobs schedulers are hard-pressed to achieve over 90% utilization with typical job-mixes. A fundamental problem is that most conventional parallel job schedulers only support static scheduling, so that the number of processors allocated to an application cannot be changed at runtime. As a result, it is common to see jobs stuck in the queue because they require just a few more processors than are currently available, resulting in long queue wait times for applications and low overall system utilization. A more flexible and effective approach is to support dynamic resource management and scheduling, where the number of processors allocated to jobs can be expanded or contracted at runtime. This is the focus of this dissertation --- dynamic resizing of parallel applications. Dynamic resizing significantly improves individual application turn-around time and helps the scheduler to achieve higher machine utilization and job throughput. This dissertation focuses on the potential benefits and challenges of dynamic resizing using ReSHAPE, a new framework for dynamic Resizing and Scheduling of Homogeneous Applications in a Parallel Environment. It also details several interesting and effective scheduling policies implemented in ReSHAPE and demonstrates their effectiveness to improve overall cluster utilization and individual application turn-around time.
Ph. D.
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Dimopoulos, Peter, and dimpet@gmail com. "Modeling and Improving the Performance of Interactive TCP Traffic in Computer Networks." RMIT University. Computer Science and Information Technology, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080208.150856.

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The Internet has become one of the most widely used forms of communication available. Many applications used on the Internet require the user to interact constantly with the network. For example web browsing where the user will expect the browser to respond quickly, to finish loading pages quickly and to do all of this at an equal level for all users. The network's performance is dependant on the protocols it uses and how the resources of the network are distributed. This is why TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is one of the most important protocols, because it controls the amount of data entering the network and provides reliability to most interactive applications. The thesis starts by introducing a basic TCP model which is later extended to model the effects of burstiness produced by TCP. Burstiness can cause a routers buffer to unnecessarily overflow. These overflows cause TCP connections to under-utilise link bandwidth because of unnecessary packet retransmissions. A model to define a quantitative measure of both burstiness and throughput of a system of TCP connections is introduced. The model gives insight into how the TCP protocol causes burstiness and can be used to find scenarios where burstiness is decreased. This helps to improve the utilization of links by reducing the burstiness of protocols. An important performance metric for interactive traffic is user perceived delay, the delay that an end user would encounter when using an application. An example of user perceived delay is the time a user waits before a HTML web page starts loading. The retransmission delays are the most important type of delay for interactive traffic because they are usually very large. A dynamic priority RED Queue (DPRQ) is introduced which changes the priority of the queues based on the goodput (throughput of succesfully transmitted packets) threshold of the interactive traffic. Using dynamic priority allows packet loss to be reduced by up to eight times for interactive traffic, which intern reduces retransmission delay. Fairness measures how equally network resources are allocated amongst different connections. When a link with TCP connections is overloaded each connection on the link will reduce its throughput to allow all the connections to have approximately equal load. This does not take into account that other links may be under utilized. The fairness issue is addressed by introducing Multipath TCP (MATCP) which allows path selection to occur at the TCP layer. This allows each unique flow to take a different path, instead of all the flows of one source using the same path. Using MATCP, a finer grain of load-balancing can be achieved and the complexity and state required in the network is greatly reduced. Two analytic models are provided in chapters three and four, which investigate slow start and TCP burstiness. In chapter five the DPRQ queue is introduced to reduce user perceived delay. An analytic model of the DPRQ is provided and verified through experimental simulation. In chapter six an analytic model of Multipath TCP is provided, which is also verified by simulation.
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Books on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Khabriyeva, Taliya, Igor' Shuvalov, Anatoliy Kapustin, Nelli Bevelikova, Rashad Kurbanov, Olga Shvedkova, Asiya Belyalova, et al. ASEAN is a driving force for regional integration in Asia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23222.

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The book introduces the reader to the changing nature of integration processes in Asia under the influence of globalization. The analysis of factors that promote and hinder interaction between the ASEAN countries and non-regional partners of this Association is carried out. The study describes the dynamic processes of economic integration within the framework of the Russia - ASEAN dialogue partnership and features of cooperation in various areas of legal regulation. The author reveals the mechanisms that influence the formation of a region-wide free trade zone for the ASEAN member States, and makes recommendations on priority areas of integration trends in Asia. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of investment regulation in South-East Asia, harmonization of ASEAN legislation in the field of security, taxation, education, prospects for cooperation and legal mechanisms that ensure the implementation of further cooperation programs developed by the ASEAN member States. For researchers, representatives of public authorities, as well as for anyone interested in the dynamics of integration processes in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Ernst-Heinrich, Hirschel, and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, eds. Flow simulation with high-performance computers I: DFG priority research programme results 1989-1992. Braunschweig/Wiesbaden: Vieweg, 1993.

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Ernst-Heinrich, Hirschel, and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, eds. Flow simulation with high-performance computers II: DFG priority research programme results 1993-1995. Braunschweig/Wiesbaden: Vieweg, 1996.

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Torlone, Francesca, and Marios Vryonides, eds. Innovative learning models for prisoners. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-924-5.

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Prison education should be a top priority issue in most societies. Prison conditions must not infringe human rights and dignity and must offer meaningful treatment programmes in order to support inmates in their rehabilitation and reintegration in society. The use of ICTs within a penitentiary context plays a crucial role in that. The present Volume looks at the learning potential in prisons and reports on innovative (e-)learning pathways for basic skills education as designed and tested in Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Romania. Research investigated on what counts as ‘educational’ in such a complex context and how to combine relevant pieces in a ‘learning mosaic’ (the broad range of any learning opportunity across it). This Volume argues that such an approach may be adopted in a wider European perspective within the frame of dynamic security.
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Siegfried, Wagner, Kloker Markus, Rist Ulrich, and DFG Verbund-Schwerpunktprogramm Transition, eds. Recent results in laminar-turbulent transition: Selected numerical and experimental contributions from the DFG priority programme "Transition" in Germany. Berlin: Springer, 2004.

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Bernard, Roux, Nitsche Wolfgang, Schröder Wolfgang, Fujii Kozo, Haase Werner, Leer Bram, Leschziner Michael A, et al., eds. Imaging Measurement Methods for Flow Analysis: Results of the DFG Priority Programme 1147 ”Imaging Measurement Methods for Flow Analysis” 2003-2009. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Tropea, Cameron. Nature-Inspired Fluid Mechanics: Results of the DFG Priority Programme 1207 ”Nature-inspired Fluid Mechanics” 2006-2012. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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1955-, Broeckhove Jan, Lathouwers Luc 1951-, Van Leuven Piet 1935-, and Fonds national de la recherche scientifique (Belgium), eds. Dynamics of wave packets in molecular and nuclear physics: Proceedings of the international meeting held in Priorij Corsendonck, Belgium, July 2-4, 1985. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Sigillò, Ester. Rethinking Civil Society in Transition. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727976.

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This book illustrates the results of ethnographical research designed to shed light on the notion of civil society in a context characterized by the transformation of power relations. Such transformation is given by shifting resources, renewed local and international opportunities, and a general reframing of goals and objectives. The academic literature has usually relied on a substantialist understanding of the notion of civil society – referring to the latter as something that exists a priori or does something. This volume relies, instead, on a relational approach – where civil society becomes the name we give to a host of complex interactions in which local associations are involved in a time of reconfiguration of power relations. Building on this approach, this volume analyses the relational dynamics affecting Tunisian associations after the fall of the authoritarian regime in 2011 and their implications for the changing political order. Findings show two main interrelated trends: the nationwide professionalization of local associations and the localized networking strategies of various socio-political categories crossing the associational sector. The book shows how their members understand the standardization of local associations as a strategy to have guaranteed access to the public sphere and, therefore, to influence the changing political order.
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Walton, Nancy A. A case study of priority setting in cardiac surgery: Complex, contextual and dynamic. 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Buttazzo, Giorgio C. "Dynamic Priority Servers." In Hard Real-Time Computing Systems, 161–203. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0676-1_6.

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Buttazzo, Giorgio. "Dynamic Priority Servers." In Hard Real-Time Computing Systems, 147–85. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45410-3_6.

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Baruah, Sanjoy, Marko Bertogna, and Giorgio Buttazzo. "Global Dynamic Priority Scheduling." In Embedded Systems, 189–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08696-5_20.

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Bause, Falko. "Analysis of Petri nets with a dynamic priority method." In Application and Theory of Petri Nets 1997, 215–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63139-9_38.

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Baruah, Sanjoy, Marko Bertogna, and Giorgio Buttazzo. "Global Dynamic-Priority Scheduling of L&L Tasks." In Embedded Systems, 53–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08696-5_7.

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Dust, Lukas, and Saad Mubeen. "Dynamic Priority Scheduling for Periodic Systems Using ROS 2." In Engineering of Computer-Based Systems, 239–43. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49252-5_20.

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Ren, Hongkun, Hong Shen, and Xin Wang. "Dynamic Priority Coflow Scheduling in Optical Circuit Switched Networks." In Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies, 215–26. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8211-0_20.

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Wang, Bo, Yingfei Xiong, Zhenjiang Hu, Haiyan Zhao, Wei Zhang, and Hong Mei. "A Dynamic-Priority Based Approach to Fixing Inconsistent Feature Models." In Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, 181–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16145-2_13.

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Peng, Ying-wu, De-jun Mao, Wei-yi Chen, and Rui Wang. "A Scheduling Method of Maintenance Work Based on Dynamic Priority." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 230–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23223-7_29.

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Sen, Priyajit, Rajat Pandit, and Debabrata Sarddar. "Dynamic Priority Based Application Offloading Strategy in Mobile Cloud Computing." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 130–41. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48879-5_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Maymir-Ducharme, Fred. "Dynamic priorities, priority scheduling and priority inheritance." In the fourth international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/102454.102467.

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Atanassov, Ivaylo. "Simulation of dynamic priority calculation for multilevel priority queue." In the 2007 international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1330598.1330613.

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Zhang, Ming, Chenglong Gong, and Yanhong Lu. "Dynamic Priority Backoff Algorithm for IEEE802.11 DCF." In 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csse.2008.901.

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Jawale, Sayali Ashok, Sanjay Kumar Singh, and Pushpendra Singh. "Priority based Electric Vehicle Dynamic Charging Station." In 2021 Third International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icirca51532.2021.9544651.

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Minglong Zhang and Boqin Feng. "A P2P VoD system using dynamic priority." In 2009 IEEE 9th Malaysia International Conference on Communications (MICC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/micc.2009.5431441.

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Sumathi, M., and P. T. Vanathi. "Dynamic Reconfiguration of Lightpath with Priority Based Deletion." In 2006 10th IEEE Singapore International Conference on Communication Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccs.2006.301512.

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Sabrina, Fariza, and Jean-Marc Valin. "Priority Based Dynamic Rate Control for VoIP Traffic." In GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425342.

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Pawar, Chandrashekhar S., and Rajnikant B. Wagh. "Priority Based Dynamic Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing." In 2012 International Symposium on Cloud and Services Computing (ISCOS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscos.2012.14.

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Wang, Weidong, Yinghai Zhang, Jing Zhao, and Shoufeng Wang. "Dynamic Priority Queue Handover Scheme for Multi-Service." In 2008 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Spring). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2008.508.

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Yu, Xin, Benxiong Huang, Lai Tu, and Jian Zhang. "Spatial shaping with dynamic priority VDQ in RPR." In Asia-Pacific Optical and Wireless Communications, edited by S. J. Ben Yoo, Kwok-wai Cheung, Yun-Chur Chung, and Guangcheng Li. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.523865.

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Reports on the topic "Dynamic Priority"

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Canto, Patricia, ed. 2022 Basque Country Competitiveness Report. Foundations of competitiveness in times of uncertainty. Universidad de Deusto, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/mhzr4339.

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In circumstances of high uncertainty, both recent performance and competitiveness fundamentals need to be well understood. Structured around our territorial competitiveness for wellbeing framework, the Basque Country Competitiveness. Report 2022 offers an analysis of the situation in the Basque Country, with the aim of identifying actions that will underpin future competitiveness beyond the current economic situation. The first chapter of this report presents an up-to-date analysis of the Basque Country’s performance in wellbeing and economic/business dimensions. The next two chapters analyse key dimensions of the structural context of the Basque Country: economic structure (Chapter 2) and demographics and personal values (Chapter 3). In turn, Chapter 4 analyses recent developments in the main indicators for the six dynamic levers of competitiveness in the Basque Country. In addition to pinpointing several specific points of action for each lever, the Report concludes with five priority cross-cutting actions to guide the activities of firms, governments and other stakeholders.
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Perdigão, Rui A. P., and Julia Hall. Spatiotemporal Causality and Predictability Beyond Recurrence Collapse in Complex Coevolutionary Systems. Meteoceanics, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/201111.

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Causality and Predictability of Complex Systems pose fundamental challenges even under well-defined structural stochastic-dynamic conditions where the laws of motion and system symmetries are known. However, the edifice of complexity can be profoundly transformed by structural-functional coevolution and non-recurrent elusive mechanisms changing the very same invariants of motion that had been taken for granted. This leads to recurrence collapse and memory loss, precluding the ability of traditional stochastic-dynamic and information-theoretic metrics to provide reliable information about the non-recurrent emergence of fundamental new properties absent from the a priori kinematic geometric and statistical features. Unveiling causal mechanisms and eliciting system dynamic predictability under such challenging conditions is not only a fundamental problem in mathematical and statistical physics, but also one of critical importance to dynamic modelling, risk assessment and decision support e.g. regarding non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events. In order to address these challenges, generalized metrics in non-ergodic information physics are hereby introduced for unveiling elusive dynamics, causality and predictability of complex dynamical systems undergoing far-from-equilibrium structural-functional coevolution. With these methodological developments at hand, hidden dynamic information is hereby brought out and explicitly quantified even beyond post-critical regime collapse, long after statistical information is lost. The added causal insights and operational predictive value are further highlighted by evaluating the new information metrics among statistically independent variables, where traditional techniques therefore find no information links. Notwithstanding the factorability of the distributions associated to the aforementioned independent variables, synergistic and redundant information are found to emerge from microphysical, event-scale codependencies in far-from-equilibrium nonlinear statistical mechanics. The findings are illustrated to shed light onto fundamental causal mechanisms and unveil elusive dynamic predictability of non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events across multiscale hydro-climatic problems.
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George and Grant. PR-015-14608-R01 Technical Review of Standards for Thermowell Design. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010838.

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A thermowell design standard published by ASME was recently updated to incorporate new knowledge about dynamic loads on thermowells and other factors affecting thermowell integrity and measurement accuracy. There are concerns that assumptions in the ASME standard may cause significant measurement inaccuracies or conservative designs that require significant changes to natural gas installations. To avoid thermowell damage and measure natural gas temperatures accurately, pipeline operators have requested additional guidance on thermowell design and installation. This study investigated current thermowell standards and research to provide PRCI members, meter station designers, and the natural gas industry with guidelines to design thermowells that meet accuracy and integrity requirements. Relevant design requirements from ASME and other thermowell standards were examined to summarize and compare insertion length requirements, recommended materials, and guidance for temperature accuracy. Research publications were reviewed for experimental data to identify design parameters that affect thermowell integrity and measurement accuracy, and to determine whether separate natural gas design guidelines could be developed or whether modifications should be recommended to the ASME procedure. Priority was given to experimental results over analytical and computational data. The review also focused on thermowell performance in natural gas at transmission pipeline conditions, defined here as pressures up to 1,800 psig (124 barg) and flow velocities up to 125 ft/s (38 m/s). Key design parameters were identified that can be used as a starting point for a natural gas thermowell design and installation procedure. A gap analysis identified further research needs for thermowell performance in natural gas service.
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Aiginger, Karl, Andreas Reinstaller, Michael Böheim, Rahel Falk, Michael Peneder, Susanne Sieber, Jürgen Janger, et al. Evaluation of Government Funding in RTDI from a Systems Perspective in Austria. Synthesis Report. WIFO, Austria, August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2009.504.

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In the spring of 2008, WIFO, KMU Forschung Austria, Prognos AG in Germany and convelop were jointly commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth to perform a systems evaluation of the country's research promotion and funding activities. Based on their findings, six recommendations were developed for a change in Austrian RTDI policy as outlined below: 1. to move from a narrow to a broader approach in RTDI policy (links to education policy, consideration of the framework for innovation such as competition, international perspectives and mobility); 2. to move from an imitation to a frontrunner strategy (striving for excellence and market leadership in niche and high-quality segments, increasing market shares in advanced sectors and technology fields, and operating in segments of relevance for society); 3. to move from a fragmented approach to public intervention to a more coordinated and consistent approach(explicit economic goals, internal and external challenges and reasoning for public intervention); 4. to move from a multiplicity of narrowly defined funding programmes to a flexible, dynamic policy that uses a broader definition of its tasks and priorities (key technology and research segments as priority-action fields, adequate financing of clusters and centres of excellence); 5. to move from an unclear to a precisely defined allocation of responsibilities between ministries and other players in the field (high-ranking steering group at government level, monitoring by a Science, Research and Innovation Council); 6. to move from red-tape-bound to a modern management of public intervention (institutional separation between ministries formulating policies and agencies executing them, e.g., by "progressive autonomy").
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Strambo, Claudia, Patricio Calles Almeida, and Elisa Arond. Energy transition ambitions of four national oil and gas companies in South America. Stockholm Environment Institute, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.059.

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This report explores what (if any) diversification strategies national oil and gas companies (NOGCs) are employing to engage in an energy transition, with a focus on four South American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador.The authors identify how four South American NOGCs are preparing to transform in the face of climate change and the energy transition. They do so by looking at these companies’ publicly stated ambitions regarding diversification: they focus in particular on whether and how these companies are leaving fossil fuels behind, as a sign of transforming their core business and moving towards a more structural transformation overall in society. The four South American NOGCs are Ecopetrol (Colombia), Petrobras (Brazil), Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF, Argentina) and EP Petroecuador (Ecuador). While all four companies are controlled by their national governments, three are also public companies that are traded on domestic and international stock markets. This report can serve as a resource for comparative analysis and to inform transition strategies in oil and gas–producing countries, for energy and finance researchers, professionals working within NOGCs, and policymakers shaping NOGCs’ missions, strategies and investments. Key messages National oil and gas companies, or NOGCs, must transform to survive and fit into a new global dynamic for mitigating the impacts of climate change. While navigating their roles in generating public revenue and domestic employment, enabling public services, and other characteristics, they will also have to overcome institutional barriers in order to accelerate their diversification into non-fossil fuel businesses. Diversification to new low-carbon businesses is a part of but not the priority for decarbonization for four of South America’s NOGCs. These four South American NOGCs have limited capacity to expand into new low-carbon businesses. More research is needed to assess and strengthen South American NOGCs’ preparedness for a transition to a low-carbon future, including factors such as financial, technical and managerial capabilities, and their role in national and global political economies.
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Estevadeordal, Antoni, and Ekaterina Krivonos. Negotiating Market Access between the European Union and MERCOSUR: Issues and Prospects. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008654.

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The European Union (EU) and MERCOSUR are the largest and most influential regions, both by population and in terms of size of the economy, of their respective continents. The renewed priority given to biregional cooperation launched by the Inter-Regional Framework Agreement signed in 1995 is based on deep historical, political, economic and cultural links between the two regions. The potential advantages of an agreement that will foster a process of dynamic cooperation are enormous, ranging from political influence to economic returns, including the gains from comparative advantage, expanding markets, improved environment for investments, and positive spillovers on human and social capital, democracy, and justice. A free trade agreement between the two regions should also be evaluated in the context of the new regionalism initiatives taking place around the world, in particular the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) negotiations and the process of enlargement and deepening of the two regional blocs. The objective of this paper is to offer an X-ray of the current status of existing market access provisions both in MERCOSUR and the EU. This is an important and necessary first step to identify the key issues facing market access negotiators from the very outset of the negotiations. As has already been agreed during the first meeting of the European Union - Mercosur Biregional Negotiations Committee, one of the first tasks of the Technical Group charged with market access issues will be the exchange of information in the areas of tariff and non-tariff measures. This initial exchange of information among negotiating parties usually plays a key role in the overall formulation of each party's negotiating strategy. This paper attempts, using mostly secondary sources and data compiled by international agencies, to take a seat at the negotiating table and provide the best snapshot possible of the situation. In this regard, it is important to stress that the information used and analyzed in this paper should not be taken in any way as the official picture of the market access profiles of each region.
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Lamarque, Hugh. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics between Uganda and Rwanda in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. SSHAP, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.044.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Uganda and Rwanda in the context of the 2022 outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya; and South Sudan. The outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda on 19 September 2022, approximately 300 kilometres from the Uganda-Rwanda border. At the time of writing (November 2022) it has spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Uganda capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. Rwanda is categorised as Priority 1, with significant preparedness activities underway. As of November 2022, there had been no case of SVD imported from Uganda into Rwanda, although alerts have been triggered at border posts. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, news reports, previous ethnographic research in Rwanda and Uganda, and informal discussions with colleagues from Save the Children, UNICEF, UNECA, UNDP, IOM, TBI, and the World Bank. It was requested by the Collective Service, written by Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh) and supported by Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica. It was reviewed by colleagues from Save the Children, Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies and the Collective Service. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Remi Aiyede, Emmanuel. Agricultural Commercialisation and the Political Economy of Cocoa and Rice Value Chains in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.005.

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Nigeria has sought to diversify its economy away from dependence on oil as a major source of government revenue through agricultural commercialisation. Agriculture has been a priority sector because it has very high growth potential and the greatest potential for employment and export revenue. The cocoa and rice value chains are central to the government’s engagement with agriculture to achieve these objectives. This paper sets out to investigate the underlying political economy dynamics of the commercialisation of the cocoa and rice value chains in Nigeria in terms of smallholder farm households’ shift from semi-subsistence agriculture to production primarily for market, and predominantly commercial medium- and large-scale farm enterprises complementing or replacing smallholder farm households.
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Lamarque, Hugh, and Hannah Brown. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Kenya in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.043.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Uganda and Kenya in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Kenya; Rwanda; Tanzania, and South Sudan. The outbreak began in Mubende District, Uganda on 19 September 2022, approximately 340km from the Kenyan border. At the time of writing (December 2022), the outbreak had spread to eight Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization (WHO), its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. Kenya is categorised as a priority level 1 country, following a case in Jinja on the road between Kampala and the Kenyan border, on 13 November 2022. A total of 23 suspected cases were tested in Kenya up to 1 December 2022, all with negative results. To date, no case of SVD has been imported into the country from Uganda. This brief provides details about cross-border relations between the two states, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and the specific areas and actors most at risk. The brief is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, news reports, previous ethnographic research in Kenya and Uganda, and informal discussions with colleagues from the International Organisation for Migration, UNICEF, UNDP, Save the Children, the Kenyan Red Cross Society, the Kenyan Ministry of Health (MoH) and Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries in Kenya, and the Safe Water and AIDS project in Kisumu. It was requested by the Collective Service, written by Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh) and Hannah Brown (Durham University) and supported by Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica). It was further reviewed by colleagues from Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies, and the Collective Service. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Lees, Shelley, and Mark Marchant. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Tanzania in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.046.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Tanzania and Uganda in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya and South Sudan. The current outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The current outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022, approximately 240km from the Uganda-Tanzania border. It has since spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. At the time of writing, there had been no cases of Ebola imported from Uganda into Tanzania. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, previous ethnographic research in Tanzania, and informal discussions with colleagues from the Tanzania’s Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC), Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Uganda Red Cross Society, Tanzania Red Cross Society (TRCS), International Organization for Migration (IOM), IFRC, US CDC and CDC Tanzania. The brief was developed by Shelley Lees and Mark Marchant (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) with support from Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh). Additional review and inputs were provided by The Tanzania Red Cross and UNICEF. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).
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