Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamic of transfert'
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De, Oliveira Campos Leandro Dijon. "Mass transfer coefficients across dynamic liquid steel/slag interface." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0554/document.
Full textIn order to characterize the mass transfer coefficients (MTC) of different species across liquid steel/slag interface, a multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was developed. MTC’s are estimated from models based on physicochemical and hydrodynamic parameters, such as mass diffusivity, interface shear and divergence strength. These models were developed for gas-liquid interactions with relative low Schmidt (Sc=ν⁄D) numbers (Sc≈200). However, the industrial processes involve mass transfer of chemical species with Sc number ranging from 103 to 104. To evaluate the applicability of these existing models, the fluid flow in the vicinity of a liquid/liquid interface is investigated. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) and Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) were used to calculate and measure the velocity field on a continuous casting (CC) water model configuration. The work provides new insights and original measures to understand the fluid flow near liquid-liquid interfaces.The mass transfer model of an industrial continuous casting mold showed that the mass transfer coefficients are not homogeneously distributed, and slag properties should follow this trend. This non-homogeneity was confirmed by physical experiments performed with a water model of a CC configuration and its CFD representation. The calculated flow was used to predict the MTC and the interface area between phases, since the interface is constantly moving. These parameters will be the input of thermodynamic models to predict slag composition and viscosity. This methodology is currently under validation, and it will also be applied to improve steel plant performance in the desulphurization process
Hazard, Browning Barbara. "Dynamic Modelling of a Fixed Bed Reactor to Study the First Instants of Gas Phase Ethylene Polymerisation." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10109/document.
Full textThe behaviour of silica supported metallocene catalyst in the early moments of olefin polymerization is not well understood. The complexity, rapidity and high exothermicity of the reaction impede observation of the kinetics and morphological changes. The fixed bed reactor constructed by McKenna’s group is designed to study these first instants of gas phase olefin polymerisation. The purpose of the modelling work presented is to gain understanding and improve the set-up through better knowledge of the reactor conditions. After a literature survey, the existing set-up was reviewed and analysed. A reactor model was constructed and programmed with polymerisation kinetics represented by a simple relation. The model was validated for individual experiments under optimised conditions. Use of the reactor as a calorimeter was evaluated and a state observer for the polymerisation rate was tested. The model was also used to show that very high temperatures are possible in the reactor bed and to simulate effects of changes to reactor construction and operating conditions. The reactor pressurisation profile is non negligible for experiments of shorter duration. New kinetics based on this were incorporated into the model: these were able to represent series of experiments and take account of the deactivation reaction. Contrary to results from longer duration experiments, our model finds initial deactivation does not appear to be controlled by temperature
Xue, Yongjian. "Dynamic Transfer Learning for One-class Classification : a Multi-task Learning Approach." Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0006.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to minimize the performance loss of a one-class detection system when it encounters a data distribution change. The idea is to use transfer learning approach to transfer learned information from related old task to the new one. According to the practical applications, we divide this transfer learning problem into two parts, one part is the transfer learning in homogenous space and the other part is in heterogeneous space. A multi-task learning model is proposed to solve the above problem; it uses one parameter to balance the amount of information brought by the old task versus the new task. This model is formalized so that it can be solved by classical one-class SVM except with a different kernel matrix. To select the control parameter, a kernel path solution method is proposed. It computes all the solutions along that introduced parameter and criteria are proposed to choose the corresponding optimal solution at given number of new samples. Experiments show that this model can give a smooth transition from the old detection system to the new one whenever it encounters a data distribution change. Moreover, as the proposed model can be solved by classical one-class SVM, online learning algorithms for one-class SVM are studied later in the purpose of getting a constant false alarm rate. It can be applied to the online learning of the proposed model directly
Hermeth, Sébastian. "Mechanisms affecting the dynamic response of swirled flames in gas turbines." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0064/document.
Full textModern pollutant regulation have led to a trend towards lean combustion systems which are prone to thermo-acoustic instabilities. The ability of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) to handle complex industrial heavy-duty gas turbines is evidenced during this thesis work. First, LES is applied to an academic single burner in order to validate the modeling against measurements performed at TU Berlin and against OpenFoam LES simulations done at Siemens. The coupling between acoustic and combustion is modeled with the Flame Transfer Function (FTF) approach and swirl number fluctuations are identified changing the FTF amplitude response of the flame. Then, an industrial gas turbine is analyzed for two different burner geometries and operating conditions. The FTF is only slightly influenced for the two operating points but slight modifications of the swirler geometry do modify the characteristics of the FTF showing that a simple model taking only into account the flight time is not appropriate and additional mechanisms are at play. Those mechanisms are identified being the inlet velocity, the swirl and the inlet mixture fraction fluctuations. The latter is caused by two mechanisms: 1) the pulsating injected fuel flow rate and 2) the fluctuating trajectory of the fuel jets. Although the diagonal swirler is designed to provide good mixing, effects of mixing heterogeneities at the combustion chamber inlet occur. Mixture perturbations phase with velocity (and hence with swirl) fluctuations and combine with them to lead to different FTF results. Another FTF approach linking heat release to inlet velocity and mixture fraction fluctuation (MISO model) shows further to be a good solution for complex systems. A nonlinear analysis shows that the forcing amplitude not only leads to a saturation of the flame but also to changes of the delay response. Flame saturation is only true for the global FTF and the gain increases locally with increasing forcing amplitude. Both, the linear and the nonlinear flames, are not compact: flame regions located right next to each other exhibited significant differences in delay meaning that at the same instant certain parts of the flame damp the excitation while others feed it
Gori, Paul-Antoine. "Transmission dynamique d'énergie par induction : application au véhicule électrique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC063/document.
Full textThe limited electric-vehicle distance range is the main reason hindering the development of the electric transportation market. Dynamic inductive charging solves this problem, offering the possibility to charge while driving. The main issue consists in handling wide magnetic coupling variations when the vehicle is moving, while charging. A previous thesis in the research team on a 3-kW prototype led to the concept of voltage copying, which stabilises the coupler output voltage despite the varying coupling, making it easier to design the DC/DC converter linking the coupler to the battery. The hereby thesis deals with adapting this system to transfer from 20 kW to 30 kW. Raising the power is no small matter, due to the high electrical constraints on the coupled coils (1.4 kV on the 3-kW system), and the radiated field, limited by standardised thresholds. Firstly, a new control of the resonating circuit is proposed, allowing to change the system design to get lower electrical constraints and maintaining voltage copying properties. Then, an eight-shape coil was investigated in order to reduce the radiated field. Finally, a design method was conceived for the electrical part of the system, as well as the magnetic coupler, using jointly analytical models and finite element simulations to reduce simulation times. Results of the evaluated performance for such a high-power system are quite promising
Günther, Jan. "Caractérisation et optimisation des phénomènes de transfert dans un double bioréacteur à membranes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT047G/document.
Full textThis work presents a specific bioreactor previously designed to study microbial interactions. In this process, the microbial species in two tanks are physically separated by a microfiltration membrane. In order to give to the microorganisms a molecular environment in each compartment similar to the one that would be obtained if the microbial cells were cultivated in the same reactor, two criteria have to be considered: (i) the flow rates between compartments have to be sufficient with respect to the microbial kinetics and (ii) all the molecular compounds of the medium that have an effect on the microorganism behaviour must pass through the membrane. The main constrain is due to transfer of component limited by the fluid flow in and around the fiber of the filtration module. This thesis has therefore committed to deepening the understanding of the mechanisms limiting the transfer involved during the filtration of biological fluid complex according to operating conditions and geometric characteristics of the hollow fiber module of filtration. For this purpose, based on the choice of membrane module configuration proposed in this study, and to strive for a rational optimization of the use of this device, the study relied on the use of CFD tools, supplemented by an experimental approach conducted under models conditions. The numerical simulations of fluid flow have shown a modification of the axial filtration velocity profile with packing density. Similarly, a numerical model of cake deposit was developed and show difference of cake growth along the fiber with packing density. Two experimental hollow fiber modules with two packing densities were tested with clean water and biological fluid, and showed good agreement with the numerical data. These results underline the variations of filtration velocity along the fiber that will allow some predictions on fouling deposit to be done
Gnambode, Sourou. "Simulation des grandes échelles des transferts thermo-convectifs dans les écoulements turbulents d'un fluide non-Newtonien en conduite cylindrique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1143/document.
Full textThis thesis is a numerical contribution of momentum and heat transfer of turbulent pipe flows of non-Newtonian fluids. The apparent viscosity of the fluid is modelled by a power-law (Ostwald de Waele model). Two models subgrid of LES were considered: the dynamic model of Germano et al. (1991) and model Smagorinsky non-Newtonian. They are used to describe the physical mechanisms involved in the isothermal flow of these complex rheology fluids. Heat transfer are simulated with the model of non-Newtonian Smagorinsky. These are processed in two parts. The first concerns the heat exchange without affecting the velocity distribution. This is non-thermo dependent flow or isothermal flow. The second part concerns the resolution of thermo dependent flows that focus on changes induced by the temperature-velocity coupling. The turbulent fields are analyzed statistically by averaging over time and space (according to the periodic directions) the instantaneous field of velocity and temperature to establish the average profiles of velocity and temperature, the root mean square of turbulent fluctuations (rms), Reynolds stress, the heat flow, the moments of higher order (skewness and flatness), the pdf (probability density function), the jpdf (attached probability density function), the coefficient of friction, the number of Nusselt ... These differents variables are analyzed for various parameters governing the problem: the Reynolds and Prandtl flow index and the number of Pearson
Molenaar, Ciska. "Caractérisation biomécanique du transfert latéral chez la personne vivant avec une lésion de la moelle épinière : influence de facteurs environnementaux." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0032/document.
Full textPeople living with spinal cord injury (SCI) depend on a wheelchair for daily life mobility. One of the most strenuous activities associated with wheelchair use is the performance of lateral sitting transfers, needed to get in and out of their wheelchair. Through the high demand on the upper extremities and many repetitions, this activity exposes people living with SCI to injury risks, between which the development of musculoskeletal disorders and traumatic lesions due to falls. This PhD thesis aims to evaluate the exposure to these risks during parallel lateral sitting transfers, and more in particular how the environment might influence this exposure. The evaluation realized uses instruments for human movement analysis (motion capture, force plates and electromyography) to calculate joint angles, external and internal mechanical efforts, muscular activation and postural control strategies used to perform transfers. A statistical analysis of the results determines the modifications induced by the use and the height of an armrest. The results are synthesized and combined to generate an integrative conclusion on the injury exposure risk during transfers realized by people living with SCI
Zerdane, Serhane. "Exploring photoswitching pathways in photomagnetic materials with ultrafast optical and X-ray spectroscopies." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S150/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study of the femtosecond photoswitching dynamic in the bistable molecular materials, using the pump-probe experiments which are based on the optical and x-ray spectroscopies. Part of these experiments was performed at synchrotron and X-FEL (X-ray Free Electron Laser). The first part of the thesis, which is devoted to the study of non-octahedral spin transition systems, revealed different pathways of transformation on the potential surface. The second part focuses on the study of the Prussian Blue Analogues (CoFe), where the ultra-fast experiments allowed to follow the dynamics around the two metal ions
Wu, Jing. "Modélisation dynamique d’un système couplé pompe à chaleur – stockage thermique par matériaux à changement de phase : approche systémique et validation expérimentale." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10167/document.
Full textIn the area of buildings refrigeration, the use of thermal energy storage coupled with heat pump is a significant way for reducing the operating costs and optimizing the design of equipment. A prototype of refrigeration-PCM (Phase Change Material) energy storage system is built and implemented within the framework of the project ACLIRSYS (Advanced Control for Low Inertia Refrigeration Systems), funded by the French National Research Agency. The objective of my PhD thesis is to propose a dynamical physical model for the complete system. Within the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump, the refrigerant can be liquid, vapor or mixture of both, while the storage media can be solid, liquid or a mixture of both. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the discrete events associated to phase changes in order to solve the energy and mass balances in different configurations. In this work, static models are used for the compressor and the expansion valve of the heat pump. The heat exchangers of the heat pump and the storage models are based on a representation of the fluid flows by a cascade of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTRs). In order to assure the continuity of system evolution, the switching mechanism between different configurations is established. This switching is performed by matrix operations, which permit to achieve a global and very compact representation of the system. The thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant and their partial derivatives are analytically determined by using an equation of state. Two versions of the model for the storage are proposed. A simplified version where the supercooling is assumed to take place at a constant temperature and a more detailed version based on the population balance equations. Experimental data from the prototype has been used to validate the developed model. Experiments in transient states were performed by varying the operating conditions. These date relate to the functioning of the heat pump alone, the storage alone and the coupled system. A very good agreement between the numerical results and experimental data was obtained
Hristova, Hristina. "Example-guided image editing." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S119/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses three main topics from the domain of image processing, i.e. color transfer, high-dynamic-range (HDR) imaging and guidance-based image filtering. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to color transfer between input and target images. We adopt cluster-based techniques and apply Gaussian mixture models to carry out a more precise color transfer. In addition, we propose four new mapping policies to robustly portray the target style in terms of two key features: color, and light. Furthermore, we exploit the properties of the multivariate generalized Gaussian distributions (MGGD). in order to transfer an ensemble of features between images simultaneously. The multi-feature transfer is carried out using our novel transformation of the MGGD. Despite the efficiency of the proposed MGGD transformation for multi-feature transfer, our experiments have shown that the bounded Beta distribution provides a much more precise model for the color and light distributions of images. To exploit this property of the Beta distribution, we propose a new color transfer method, where we model the color and light distributions by the Beta distribution and introduce a novel transformation of the Beta distribution. The second part of this thesis focuses on HDR imaging. We introduce a method for automatic creation of HDR images from only two images - flash and non-flash images. We mimic the camera response function by a brightness function and we recover details from the flash image using our new chromatic adaptation transform (CAT), called bi-local CAT. That way, we efficiently recover the dynamic range of the real-world scenes without compromising the quality of the HDR image (as our method is robust to misalignment). In the context of the HDR image creation, the bi-local CAT recovers details from the flash image, removes flash shadows and reflections. In the last part of this thesis, we exploit the potential of the bi-local CAT for various image editing applications such as image de-noising, image de-blurring, texture transfer, etc. We propose a novel guidance-based filter in which we embed the bi-local CAT. The proposed filter performs as good as (and for certain applications even better than) state-of-the art methods
Jude, Cristina. "Investissement direct étranger, transfert de technologie et croissance économique en Europe Centrale et Orientale." Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE0510/document.
Full textAt the end of the economic transition and in the context of catching up within the European Union, this thesis studies the technology transfer associated with foreign direct investment (FDI) in Central and Eastern Europe. Technological externalities are considered the main contribution of FDI to the economic development of host countries. The first part of this work analyzes the microeconomic mechanism of technology transfer. After having evaluated the potential for spillovers through the productivity gap and the intensity of intersectoral linkages, we identify the impact of technological spillovers on the productivity of domestic firms. We construct several measures of horizontal and vertical externalities, while giving particular attention to local firm’s status throughout the supply chain. Finally, we tested the role of local absorptive capacity and technological gap in the capture of spillovers. In the second part we conduct a macroeconomic analysis oriented on two directions: the relationship between FDI and local investment and the aggregate impact of FDI on growth. We start from the assumption of destructive creation between FDI and local investment and analyze this issue from the perspective of different types of FDI. We also separate the interaction mechanism between the affiliates and the domestic firms according to the real market and the financial market. We then evaluate the contribution of aggregate externalities to technical progress, which allows us to illustrate the overall impact of FDI on economic growth. Finally, we consider the FDI-growth relationship from a double perspective, in order to show the existence of a virtuous circle
Bensaibi, Mahmoud. "Identification de la fonction de transfert d'une structure ou d'une sous-structure par méthodes fréquentielles et temporelles." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0468.
Full textChennouf, Nawal. "Phénomènes de transfert de chaleur et de masse dans les composites de bois de palmier dattier : comportement sous sollicitations dynamiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0012.
Full textPromoting the date palm concrete in new constructions and renovating buildings requires a full hygrothermal characterization at several scales (material, wall and building). In this thesis, the hygrothermal behavior of date palm concrete was experimentally investigated, firstly at material scale then at wall scale. In the first part, the adsorption-desorption isotherms and the hysteresis effect of DPC were characterized under static conditions.The results revealed a high hygric capacity for this material compared with other classical building materials. The moisture buffer value and the effect of temperature on successive adsorption/desorption cycles were also assessed under dynamic conditions. It was found that the sorption process is highly affected by the temperature. Furthermore, this bio-based mortar was classified as hygroscopic and breathable material with excellent moisture buffer capacity. In the second part of the thesis, we have experimentally investigated the hygrothermal behavior at wall scale. The investigation was performed using a climatic chamber where the variation of temperature and relative humidity were applied on one side of the wall. These both parameters were measured at different depths of the biobased wall using sensors. Several thermo-hygric phenomena were highlighted such as the high coupling effect between the heat and moisture transfer due to the evaporation-condensation and adsorption-desorption phenomena. Besides, significant thermal and hygric inertia was observed through the DPC wall which allows mitigating overheating and reducing interstitial condensation for sustainable constructions
Sabkha, Saker. "On the dynamic behavior of the worldwide sovereign Credit Default Swaps markets." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1127/document.
Full textContagion phenomenon, efficiency hypothesis and spillover effects are amongst the most important economic theories as they provide an overall vision of the financial stability, yet the least understood in the aftermath of the recent crises. This thesis proposes to provide policy makers, investors and broadly market participants with an updated outlook of the dynamic behavior of the global sovereign Credit Default Swaps (CDS) markets: informational efficiency, interaction with other international financial markets and systemic-risk exposure. The steadily changing dynamics of these markets combined with the constantly evolving regulatory policies have led to a shared worldwide enthusiasm regarding the behavioral study of CDS markets, in which we contribute through five interconnected essays. We first discuss, in the first essay, the statistical characteristics of the sovereign CDS data, through the estimation of 9 GARCH-class models. This chapter compares the predictability performances of several linear and non-linear volatility models taking into consideration different financial stylized facts. Application on CDS spreads of 38 countries reveals that the forecasting power of these models depends on their ability to capture sovereign CDS features while estimating the variance process. Yet, the fractionally-integrated models outperform the basic GARCH-class models due to the allowed flexibility regarding the persistence degree of the variance shocks. These results are used to jointly model returns and volatility of CDS spreads in the forthcoming essays.The second essay also investigates the financial characteristics of the international sovereign CDS markets, by giving new evidences on their efficiency degrees. Using a new framework based on a 3-step estimation of a VECM-FIGARCH model, we show that information contained in CDS spreads and bond yields are not always instantaneously and properly reflected in the current sovereign risk level. Results reveal the existence of arbitrage opportunities with a partial rejection of the randomness hypothesis in some of the 37 studied countries. While the previous essay used the conditional expectation of CDS spreads to study the market behavior, the next essays rather focus on the properties of the variance and covariance. The predictability of sovereign CDS volatility, based on the information contained in some country-specific and global macroeconomic factors, is investigated in the third chapter [etc...]
Marshall, Tracey. "Dynamic chemistry : nucleobase recognition by synthetic receptors and cis-trans acylhydrazone isomerism." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14477/document.
Full textDynamic chemistry: nucleobase recognition by synthetic receptors and cis-trans acylhydrazone isomerism. This work deals with the development of molecular systems which can adapt upon the addition of substances that act as templates. This approach enables one major species to be identified from a mixture of compounds through the use of dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC). The first part of my PhD included the use of a single stranded DNA (ssDNA) as a template for information transfer via the self-assembly of receptors without the need for enzymes. New water soluble adenine and guanine receptors (A and G clamps) were designed and synthesised for this purpose. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titration studies were carried out to calculate the binding affinity and as a proof of specific and efficient recognition. An assessment in water via circular dichroism (CD) and UV temperature melting (Tm) studies was carried out. This tested the ability for self-assembly between the clamps and a ssDNA template and the strength of the cooperative process respectively. The second part of my PhD focused on the self-sorting of acylhydrazone pyridine motifs and the interesting configurations they adopt. The feasibility to synthesise these acylhydrazone pyridine motifs (dimer, trimers and pentamers) was investigated. X-ray and NMR studies showed that the equilibrium was found to be biased in an unusual way, and the cis acylhydrazone pyridine isomer was observed
Cherif, Mohamed Amine. "Modélisation dynamique de la (bio)disponibilité des radionucléides dans les sols : approche comparative modèles-expériences appliquée au transfert de césium dans la rhizosphère." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0547/document.
Full textThe overall objective of this work is to develop a generic model able to better account and predict the transfer of radionuclides in the soil / soil solution / plant. The first part of the work was devoted to the critical analysis of the models available in the literature to describe the cesium adsorption on clay minerals (the process that mainly controls its availability in the soils). This analysis enabled us to propose a new mechanistic model combining two approaches: surface complexation and cation exchange. Our approach has been tested in order to model the adsorption of Cs on several natural clay substrates, in a wide range of Cs concentrations and physicochemical conditions. This work allowed to validate the proposed mechanistic model and to demonstrate that it constitutes a major advantage over the various existing models. The second part was devoted, to the performing of a series of experiments, carried out in controlled environments on dynamic systems and modeling the (bio)availability of Cs in these systems. Following these tests, the observed interactions between solid and solution could be correctly reproduced with the proposed model taking into account only the clay fraction of the soil. These simulations were also compared with simulations obtained using a empiric (Kd) kinetic models (E-K approach). Finally, the development of a numerical tool for coupling the description of geochemical interactions with transfer to the plant (Michaelis-Menten approach) allowed to reproduce adequately the trials carried out in Rhizotests coupling soil, solution and plant, and to better characterize of the Cs fraction available for plants
Dutreve, Ludovic. "Paramétrisation et transfert d’animations faciales 3D à partir de séquences vidéo : vers des applications en temps réel." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10054/document.
Full textFacial animation is one of the key points of the realism of 3D scenes featuring virtual humans. This is due to several reasons : face and the many muscles that compose it can generate a multitude of expressions ; then, our faculty of perception provides us a great ability to detect and analyze its smallest variations. This complexity is reflected in existing approaches by the fact that it is very difficult to create an animation without a long and a tedious manual work. Based on these observations, this thesis aims to develop techniques that contribute to the process of creating facial animation. Three main themes have been addressed. The first concerns the rigging issue of a virtual 3D face for animation. Rigging aims at defining control parameters in order to deform and animate the face. The second deals with the animation, especially on the animation retargeting issue. The goal is to propose a method to animate a character’s face from various data. These data can be obtained from a motion capture system or from an existing 3D facial animation. Finally, we focus on animation finescale details like wrinkles. Although these are thin and discreet, their deformations play an important part in the perception and analysis of emotions. Therefore we propose a monocular acquisition technique and a reference pose based method to synthetise dynamically animation fine details over the face. The purpose is to propose methods to facilitate and improve the process of creating realistic facial animations for interactive applications. We focused on ease to use in addition to the real-time aspect. Moreover, we offer the possibility to the user or graphist to interact in order to personalize its creation and/or improve the results
Martin, Manon. "Développement d'un modèle de transfert hydrique des sols forestiers partiellement tassés dans un contexte de données parcimonieuses." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0713.
Full textThe increase of the mechanization during logging combined with climate changes increases the risk of driving in not suitable conditions and thus degrading soils. This is why it is necessary to develop decision support tools capable of predicting the practicability of forest soils. However, assessing practicability with simple tools and easily accessible data is complex. It depends on the susceptibility of the soil to deformation, the load applied, the accepted threshold of soil deformation and the water state of the soil. This work aims to better understand and predict the water dynamics of forest soils and of the skid trails (i.e. roads dedicated to the circulation of forest machines). The objectives are: (i) to improve our knowledge of the compaction effect on forest soil water dynamic, (ii) to parametrize a model predicting the soil water flow under forest context and (iii) to be able to predict the soil water content of forest soils in an operational context. This work was carried out in three stages. First, we established an observatory of skid trails that has provided a data base on forest soil hydraulic properties and water dynamic. We estimated the hydraulic properties with the BEST method on circulated and non-circulated soils. We have developed a law predicting the values of the saturation water conten and the saturation hydraulic conductivity of circulated soils from those not circulated. Then, we have parametrized in forest context a mechanistic model based on Richards equation. We evaluated the ability of the model to predict the soil water content according to different hydraulic parameters: BEST method, pedotransfert function PTF and optimization. With the hydraulic parameters estimated from BEST method, the model leads to problem of middle layer drying during the summer period. With pedotransfer function, the model leads to a poorer prediction but does not simulate the drying phase. The strategy chosen is to use the BEST method as the first estimate of the hydraulic parameters and then to calibrate some of them by inversion. Finally, we have developed an empirical model that can be used in operational conditions. We used the mechanistic model to generate a virtual data set to (i) identify the main mechanisms involved in soil drying dynamics that need to be taking into account and (ii) calibrate and validate the empirical model. It is able to predict the "day of traffic" with accuracy of 1.5 to 2.5 days in summer. In winter, its accuracy is not satisfactory (rmse = 8.4 days) and is explained by the model sensitivity to weather sequences composed of frequent and nearby rainfall events. The empirical model is applicable to a single configuration "soil x stand x climate x threshold" and should be calibrated in other contexts
Anastasio, Simona. "L'expression de la référence à l'espace en italien et en français L2. : une étude comparative." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080026/document.
Full textThis thesis intervenes in the line of studies about the relation between language andcognition in L2. The main objective is to analyze spatial conceptualization in an oralnarrative task (Frog story) by several groups of learners who differ for a) their L1 (English,French, Italian), b) their L2 (Italian, French) and c) their L2 proficiency level (intermediatevs. advanced). In order to do this, we adopt a methodology that implies successivecomparisons between the productions performed by different native and non-native groupsaccomplishing the same task. The aim is to distinguish to what extent learners get closer tothe TL and if they are influenced by their L1 during the spatial production in L2.The L1 results confirm the intertypological differences between verb-framed, Italian andFrench, and satellite-framed languages, English (Talmy 1985, 2000). Nevertheless, anintratypological variation between Italian and French is attested: only Italian makes use ofsatellite constructions.As for L2 productions, learners, especially the intermediate ones, provide a minimalresponse to the task (traitement prototypique, Watorek 1996) by encoding mainly Path, thebasic component of the task. At the intermediate level, there are no traces of the influenceof the L1 on spatial conceptualization in L2, instead attested by advanced English learnersof Italian L2 through the use of satellite constructions. The existence of similar structure inthe SL and TL and the positive evidence in the input seem to favour conceptual transfertfrom L1 to L2
Bongo, Njeng Alex Stéphane. "Experimental study and modeling of hydrodynamic and heating characteristics of flighted rotary kilns." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0009/document.
Full textThe present work addresses a fundamental study on flighted rotary kilns. They are gas-solid reactors, used in a variety of industries to process heterogeneous media. However, operating these kilns mainly relies on the know-how of operators due to insufficient fundamental understanding. The aim of this work is to provide engineers with relevant tools and models to assist in the design stage and the performance improvement of existing operating process units, in particular indirectly heated rotary kilns, inclined and equipped with lifters. In the first part, we studied the effects of operating parameters on the flow of materials of differing properties and shape. For this purpose, residence time distribution measurements were performed through experimental stimulus response tests. Two pilot-scale rotary kilns with similar length-to-diameter ratios, but a dimension ratio of about two were used in this study. We focused on the effects of lifter shape and configurations. The effects of the rotational speed, the kiln slope, the mass flow rate and the exit dam height were also analyzed. The flow of solids was quantitatively characterized primarily by the experimental mean residence time, hold-up, and axial dispersion coefficient. Using a dimensional analysis, models were established to predict the mean residence time, the filling degree and the axial dispersion coefficient, providing basic information on the kiln design, solid particle properties and operating conditions. In the second part, we studied the heat transfer mechanisms occurring in the flighted rotary kiln by measuring temperature profiles at the wall, the freeboard gas and the bulk of solids. Analysis of the temperature profiles focused on two main issues: assessment of the heat transfer coefficient between wall and gas, and assessment of the heat transfer coefficient between wall and solid particles. The lumped system analysis and a heat balance using the power supplied for the heating were applied to determine the experimental heat transfer coefficients. The effects of operating conditions and lifting flights were analyzed. Both heat transfer coefficients were then correlated through dimensional considerations. Lastly a global dynamic model mainly based on the models developed in this study can be used to determine wall, gas and bulk solids axial temperature profiles in an indirectly heated flighted rotary kiln. This global model needs to be completed with specific models related to a reaction so as to be used as a framework for the simulation of specific industrial rotary kilns
Olive, Alexandre. "Transferts d’énergie, de charge et d’information optique dans des matériaux nano-structurés, conception et spectroscopie à l’échelle moléculaire." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13691.
Full text2,3-dialkoxy-acenes can self-assemble in solution, with a remarkable packing, leading to the formation nanofibers. The molecular interaction inside the nano-fiber and the relative orientation of the molecules, promote energy transport after light exposure. The energy transfer mechanisms have been elucidated incorporating energy acceptor which can allow to probe excited states inside the host matrix, extracting the energy. Fluorescence confocal microscopy (spectral, dynamic, under polarized light) has been used to characterize the photo-physic properties of these nanofibers. The nanostructure morphologies have also been determined by AFM measurements. Spectroscopic data obtained on 2,3-dialkoxy-acenes crystal , have allow us to refine the data obtained on the fibers, and to study nano-confinement effect on the dynamic of the excited state
Zitzmann, Tobias. "Adaptive modelling of dynamic conjugate heat transfer and air movement using computational fluid dynamics." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4287.
Full textRoger, Thierry. "Modélisation du comportement de réacteurs chimiques semi-fermés à double enveloppe et à fluide unique." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES036.
Full textBusser, Thomas. "Etude des transferts hygrothermiques dans les matériaux à base de bois et leurs contributions à l'ambiance intérieure des bâtiments." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAA010/document.
Full textThe general aim of the thesis is to advance the understanding of multi-physical behavior of wooden buildings and improving the assessment of their energy performance with comfort hygrothermal. Sector professionals and scientific studies show the differences between the calculations and performance measures (consumption, comfort) of these buildings. The reasons for these differences are not yet well understood: the impact of moisture and latent heat in these constructions are often put forward as a likely explanation, although this is still research. The most recent studies show that the foundations are likely to fall at the hygrothermal behavior of materials at the base of wooden unsteady. This work will focus primarily on two studies scales: scale and scale building material. One of the lines of work of the thesis will focus on the experimental characterization of hygroscopic properties of wood-based materials and their modeling. The second strand of work will focus on building wide integration of these materials in modeling, integrating the impact of specific properties of these materials in the walls constituent assemblies and in complex balance sheets at the building scale . An experimental study will focus on a living room with a large presence of wood in the building envelope to characterize the hygrothermal comfort, and quantify the contribution of Hygric inertia of the envelope on performance in terms of the atmosphere comfort. If necessary, measures will also be drawn to scale "wall" on one hand, on real structures on the other
Thomsen, Maiken. "Perception de l'arôme du fromage à pâte pressée non cuite." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS120.
Full textPerception of the aroma of food products depends both the chemical composition of food and human neurophysiology. The perception of food flavour, including cheese often relies on the perception of several aroma compounds in mixture in balanced proportions. Perceptual interactions among aroma compounds in mixtures and also the release of aroma compounds from the food product are the main factors that influence the global perceived aroma of food. Hence, the objective of this PhD study was to investigate the mixture of aroma compounds representing the aroma of semi-hard cheese by taking into account perceptual interactions among odorants and the dynamic release of the compounds by the cheese matrix. A strategy involving a complete characterisation of the cheeses followed by a recombination and investigation of the role of the key-aroma compounds and the dynamic release of the aroma compounds from the cheese matrix was taken into account. Comparison of the sensory and instrumental characteristics was made in order to highlight relationships between sensory perception of the aroma and the volatile composition of the cheeses and thus point out the molecular origins of the perceived cheese aroma. Recombination of selected aroma compounds was tested, in order to study the role of each aroma compound within the mixture. Especially 12 compounds seemed important for the semi-hard cheese aroma. To investigate the odour-odour interactions, different odour-stimulation tools were applied and dynamic release of aroma compounds was taken into account by incorporating the aroma compounds into a cheese matrix by different techniques allowing measuring the quantities released as function of time
Kenaï, Mohamed Amine. "Caractérisation, analyse et modélisation des échanges énergétiques entre un mur végétalisé intensif et son environnement." Thesis, Artois, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ARTO0202.
Full textThis PhD thesis aims to understand and analyse the heat exchanges that occur between a building and its environment in the presence of intensive vegetated walls. In this manuscript, a numerical and experimental approach to evaluate the thermal impact of green walls is presented. A platform composed of three identical prototypes (3 thermal mini-laboratories) under real weather conditions has been designed and instrumented. As a first step, two screens permitting a rapid and gradual variation of coverage rate from 10 to 100% were added to the prototypes. Thus, several series of measurements were performed and significant reductions in temperature and heat flow were recorded and interpreted. The primary objective of this experimental approach was to implement an artificial shading and thus controlled. A first model was developed based on the writing of heat exchanges energy balance equations between the wall with variable coverage rate and its climatic environment. This model confronted to the experimental results allowed the validation of the theoreticalapproaches at the level of radiative and convective heat transfer. Secondly, the first model that was developed in this work has been adapted to the case of a "real" occultation by vegetation (Ivy or Virginia creeper) then validated experimentally.It was finally implemented in a dynamic thermal simulation code (TRNSYS), and thus the thermal impact of green walls were evaluated at the real scale of a building. Simulation results in a temperate climate show that the presence of evergreen plants has a negative impact on winter energy demand. Conversely, in summer, the results show that green walls have an interest in limiting overheating. Their presence significantly reduces energy consumption needed to cool the building and improves the indoor thermal comfort
Mulford, Rydge Blue. "Dynamic Radiation Heat Transfer Control Through Geometric Manipulation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8134.
Full textVrána, Jiří. "Využití dynamického tlumiče v hydrodynamice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401519.
Full textGhazal, Roula. "Modèles de connaissance à paramètres identifiables expérimentalement pour les systèmes de refroidissement dessiccatif couplés à un système solaire." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952812.
Full textVenugopal, Harikrishnan. "Component-Based Transfer Path Analysis and Hybrid Substructuring at high frequencies : A treatise on error modelling in Transfer Path Analysis." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283189.
Full textFör närvarande ser vi ett ökat intresse för felmodellering inom området modal provning och analys. Flera fel som uppstår under testserier modelleras analytiskt eller numeriskt och propageras effektivt till olika systemkopplings- och gränssnittsreduktionsrutiner. Denna studie syftar till att hantera mänskliga fel, som positionsmätningsfel och orienteringsmätfel, och slumpmässiga brusbaserade fel i de uppmätta frekvensresponsfunktionerna (FRF) till den gränssnittsreduktionsalgoritm, som kallas ”Virtual Point Transformation” (VPT), och senare till en substrukturskopplingsmetod, som kallas FBS (Frequency-Based Substructuring). Dessa metoder utgör hörnstenen för ”Transfer Path Analsysis” (TPA). Dessutom har vanliga felkällor som sensormassbelastningseffekter och felorientering av sensorer undersökts. Slutligen har en ny metod för att beräkna sensorns positioner och riktningar, efter att mätning gjorts, baserat på systemets stelkroppsegenskaper och de applicerade krafterna. Felpropageringen estimerades med en beräkningseffektiv, momentmetod av första ordningen och validerades senare med Monte-Carlo-simuleringar. Resultaten visar att orienteringsmätfelet är den mest signifikanta felkällan följt av FRF-fel och positionsmätningsfel. Massbelastningseffekten kompenseras med hjälp av ”Structural Modification Using Response Functions” (SMURF) -metoden och sensorjusteringen korrigeras med hjälp av koordinatomvandling. Sensorpositionerna och positioner och orientering beräknas exakt från stelkroppsegenskaperna och de applicerade krafterna; individuellt med matrisalgebra och samtidigt med en optimeringsbaserad icke-linjär minsta kvadratlösare.
ZHANG, JUNTAO. "EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF NUCLEATE POOL BOILING HEAT TRANSFER IN AQUEOUS SURFACTANT AND POLYMER SOLUTIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1077304904.
Full textBailey, David William. "Transfer of support in a dynamic walking robot." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38104.
Full textArnoldt, Hinrich Verfasser], Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] Timme, and Theo [Akademischer Betreuer] [Geisel. "Dynamic fitness and horizontal gene transfer in stochastic evolutionary dynamics / Hinrich Arnoldt. Gutachter: Marc Timme ; Theo Geisel. Betreuer: Marc Timme." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044173521/34.
Full textLayglon, Nicolas. "Comportement des éléments traces métalliques lors de la remise en suspension de sédiments contaminés en zone côtière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0009.
Full textTrace metal elements entering marine environment accumulate in the sediments. In harbor areas, sediment can be resuspended in the water column following natural (swells, storms ...) and/or anthropic events (maritime traffic, dredging activity). In particular, the Mediterranean Sea represents a significant maritime trade route, generating frequent resuspension events of anthropic origin, while being slightly subjected to the influence of natural tidal phenomena. In this context, the objectives of this thesis consisted in evaluating the potential of trace elements during re-suspension events in order to provide knowledge that would help to better predict and thus better manage the associated risk. The kinetics of trace metal elements, studied in laboratory experiments, were specified in light of the variability of harbor contexts. During the first 5 days of suspension, trace elements transfers appeared mainly determined by abiotic processes. The understanding of these processes partially explained the field observations performed during an impact study of a dredging operation
Trejo, Peimbert Esli. "Dynamics and Transfers in two phase flows with phase change in normal and microgravity conditions." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/23986/1/Trejo_Esli.pdf.
Full textFredj, Manel. "Reconfiguration dynamique des architectures orientées services." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00491041.
Full textForato, Mattia. "Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425765.
Full textQuesta tesi si occupa della tecnologia del trasferimento wireless di potenza (dall'inglese Wireless Power Transfer - WPT) per la ricarica dinamica dei Veicoli Elettrici (VE). Il trasferimento dinamico di potenza è una tecnologia innovativa che può accelerare la transizione da una mobilità convenzionale, basata su veicoli azionati da motore a combustione interna, verso una mobilità elettrica incentrata sui VE. I sistemi per il trasferimento wireless dinamico di potenza (dall'inglese Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer systems - DWPT systems) sfruttano il principio dell'induzione elettromagnetica per alimentare i VE mentre sono in movimento, senza la necessità di utilizzare un contatto galvanico tra i veicoli e un sistema di alimentazione stazionario. Poiché parte della potenza richiesta dai VE per la ricarica e per la propulsione è fornita da una rete elettrica esterna, le dimensioni delle batterie a bordo dei veicoli possono essere ridotte con i conseguenti benefici in termini di costo e peso dei VE. Una estesa infrastruttura di sistemi DWPT può contribuire a mantenere le batterie dei VE sempre cariche, consentendogli di avere un'autonomia idealmente illimitata. Dopo una dettagliata introduzione dei principi fondamentali che governano la tecnologia WPT e dopo un'accurata descrizione di un sistema WPT generico, il fulcro della tesi si sposta verso i sistemi DWPT. Le variazioni dei parametri magnetici causate dal movimento dei VE rendono lo studio, il dimensionamento e il controllo dei sistemi DWPT molto impegnativo. In questa tesi, vari sistemi DWPT sono studiati in condizione di regime stazionario. Questa analisi mostra che la compensazione del track fatta con una rete LC è particolarmente adatta per tali sistemi poiché essa conferisce al track la caratteristica di generatore di corrente. Questa proprietà semplifica di molto il controllo e la regolazione della potenza nei sistemi DWPT. L'attenzione di questa tesi è focalizzata principalmente sulla modellizzazione e sul controllo dei sistemi DWPT. Per quanto riguarda la modellizzazione, un nuovo metodo chiamato Modulated Variable Laplace Transform (MVLT) è presentato in questo lavoro. Questo metodo è usato per la modellizzazione dei sistemi, come ad esempio i sistemi DWPT, in cui sono coinvolte grandezze modulate. L'accuratezza del metodo MVLT è verificata attraverso la sua applicazione nello studio della dinamica di diversi circuiti. In particolare, il metodo MVLT è utilizzato per trovare il modello dinamico di un sistema DWPT in cui il track è compensato con una rete LC. Con l'ausilio del modello ottenuto viene progettato il regolatore che controlla la corrente del track del sistema. Le prestazioni di questo regolatore sono testate attraverso delle simulazioni, ottenendo risultati molto prossimi a quelli attesi. Nella tesi è studiato anche il convertitore dc/dc installato a bordo dei VE responsabile del controllo del processo di ricarica. Il funzionamento di questo convertitore è analizzato in modo congiunto con il tipo di compensazione del pickup. Una nuova topologia di circuito per il pickup è proposta assieme ad una nuova strategia di controllo per il convertitore dc/dc. Questa topologia permette una riduzione delle dimensioni del pickup e mostra elevate prestazioni in termini di efficienza.
Aldor, Abbas. "Heat transfer and fluid mixing enhancement by chaotic advection in a novel sine-helical channel geometry." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU3079.
Full textThe objective of this PhD thesis is to present an innovative sine-helical multifunctional heat exchanger reactor that enhances mixing and heat transfer based on the chaotic advection. This novel geometry is constructed by combining a sine-wave channel on a helically coiled channel. The flow structure, passive scalar mixing and the convective heat transfer in the novel heat exchanger are analyzed numerically using the finite volume method implemented in OpenFOAM.. The results are compared to those obtained with a classical helically coiled heat exchanger. The Laminar flow is considered in the present study, with the Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 1400 based on the hydraulic diameter and mean flow velocity. Numerical results showed chaotic nature of the flow in the sine-helical geometry, where the periodic change of the centrifugal forces breaks the flow symmetry and leads to chaotic particle trajectories. Lagrangian In this project, we present an innovative sine-helical multi-functional heat exchanger/Reactor that enhances mixing and heat transfer based on the chaotic advection. The flow structure, mixing and the convective heat transfer in the novel heat exchanger are analyzed numerically for laminar flow. Results are compared to those obtained with a helical heat exchanger. Results showed chaotic nature of the flow in the sine-helical geometry, where the periodic change of the centrifugal forces in this channel breaks the flow symmetry and leads to chaotic particle trajectories. The heat transfer enhancement and molecular mixing was proved by Eulerian and Lagrangian indicators. Experimental work was done also for both exchangers, over a Reynolds numbers range Re=100-10000. Results showed higher thermal transfer in the chaotic exchanger, specially at low Reynolds numbers. Consequently, the proposed novel heat exchanger is very promising for many applications with laminar flow regimes.analysis of the particles inside the channel confirmed the effect of chaotic advection on the enhancement of mixing efficiency. The coefficient of variation of the outlet temperature in the sine-helical flow is decreased by about 100% relative to that in the helical channel, highlighting a better temperature homogeneity at the heat exchanger outlet. Moreover, the thermal enhancement factor, measuring the convective heat transfer coefficient at the same pumping power, increases between 5.5 and 20.7% in the since-helical flow relative to the helical channel. Complementary to the numerical analysis, thermal experimental study was conducted on both the helical and the chaotic sine-helical heat exchangers, over a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Re =100 − 10, 000), having both the same heat-transfer surface area. The results proved the superiority of the chaotic heat exchanger against the classical one, especially at low Reynolds numbers. Consequently, the proposed novel heat exchanger is very promising for many applications with laminar flow regimes
Behar, Marcelo S. Dohlman Henrik G. "Dynamic regulation and information transfer in intracellular-signaling pathways." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1546.
Full textTitle from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Physics and Astronomy." Discipline: Physics and Astronomy; Department/School: Physics and Astronomy.
Kadirire, James. "Dynamic multicast routing in the asynchronous transfer mode environment." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318069.
Full textBakken, Bent Erik. "Learning and transfer of understanding in dynamic decision environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12255.
Full textFiala, Dusan. "Dynamic simulation of human heat transfer and thermal comfort." Thesis, Online version, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.340123.
Full textChacron, Maurice J. "Neural dynamics leading to optimized information transfer." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29011.
Full textClower, Caroline Elizabeth. "Proton-transfer dynamics of novel photoexcited hydroxyarenes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27858.
Full textDaniel, C. "Exciton transfer dynamics in supramolecular semiconductor nanostructures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598264.
Full textMorgenstern, Frederik Stephan Franz. "Charge transfer dynamics in hybrid nanocrystal systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708746.
Full textPrevenslik, T. "Invalidity of Molecular Dynamics in Heat Transfer." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35192.
Full textFrançois, Marianne. "Computations of drop dynamics with heat transfer." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001142.
Full textChouket, Raja. "New dimensions for multiplexed fluorescence imaging." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS606.
Full textOur research group had previously developed the OPIOM protocols for fluorescence imaging. By exploiting their cross sections of fluorescence photoswiching, OPIOM can selectively extract the response of reversibly photoswitchable fluorophores (RSFs) in the presence of spectrally interfering fluorophores. However, OPIOM allowed us to discriminate only 3 spectrally similar reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs). The goal of this PhD was to augment this number. To reach this goal, a new automated instrumental setup called photoswichometer was first developed to express and screen the rich photochemical signature of 22 RSFPs by analyzing their fluorescence response to light jumps with intensities covering 5 orders of magnitude. This signature has been first exploited in a new fluorescence imaging protocol called HIGHLIGHT, which capitalized on OPIOM and further improved its selectivity. In HIGHLIGHT, the RSFs are submitted to harmonic light modulation and their contribution to the overall fluorescence emission signals is selectively retrieved from exploiting their singular non-linear response under optimized conditions. HIGHLIGHT has been implemented to image RSFPs in cells without interference of autofluorescence, to perform multiplexed imaging of 3 RSFPs which could not be discriminated with OPIOM, and used for its intrinsic optical sectioning. The RSF signature has been then used in a second fluorescence imaging protocol called LIGHTNING. In contrast to OPIOM and HIGHLIGHT which exploit the cross sections of fluorescence photoswitching in a steady-state regime of low light intensity, LIGHTNING exploits the transient time fluorescence response of RSFs under multiple illuminations involving various ranges of light intensities for RSF discrimination. Thus, LIGHTNING allowed us to improve the multiplexing degree of dynamic contrast in fluorescence imaging up to 20 RSFP among 22 studied RSFPs