Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamic monitoring'
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Miallaret, Sophie. "Dynamic Monitoring Measures." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC091.
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Les mesures sont des actes quotidiens, elles nous donnent beaucoup d'informations et permettent de prendre des décisions. L'analyse des mesures peut nous permettre d'en apprendre plus sur notre environnement, mais l'erreur d'une mesure peut avoir des conséquences importantes dans certains domaines. Dans une première partie, nous proposons, grâce à l'étude de mesures d'analyses sanguines réalisées au CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, une procédure permettant de détecter les dérives des analyseurs de laboratoires de biologie médicale, se basant sur les mesures d'analyses de patients. Après une analyse descriptive des données, la méthode mise en place, utilisant des méthodes de détection de ruptures de séries temporelles, est testée pour des simulations de ruptures représentant des décalages, des imprécisions ou des dérives d'analyseurs pour différents paramètres biologiques mesurés. La méthode est adaptée pour deux scénarios : lorsque l'on connaît ou non le service hospitalier des patients. L'étude est complétée par une analyse de l'impact de l'incertitude de mesure sur les analyses des patients. Dans une seconde partie nous étudions des mesures de formes de cendres volcaniques réalisées au Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans de l'Université Clermont Auvergne, dans le but de déterminer un lien entre les lieux de collecte et les formes des particules. Après avoir montré la dépendance entre ces paramètres, nous proposons, grâce une méthode de classification, un regroupement des particules représentant différentes populations dépendantes de la distance entre les lieux de collecte et le cratère du volcanThe measures are daily actions, they give us a lot of information and allow us to make decisions. The analysis of measures can allow us to learn more about our environment, but the error of a measure can have important consequences in certain areas. In a first part, we propose, thanks to the study of blood test measurements carried out at the CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, a procedure for detecting deviations from medical biology laboratory analyzers based on patient analysis measurements. After a descriptive analysis of the data, the method put in place, using methods of detection of breaks of time series, is tested for simulations of breaks representing offsets, imprecision or drifts of machine for different measured biological parameters. The method is adapted for two scenarios: when the patient's hospital service is known or not. The study is supplemented by an analysis of the impact of measurement uncertainty on patient analyses. In a second part we study measurements of volcanic ash forms made at “Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans” of the Clermont Auvergne University, in order to determine a link between the collection locations and the forms of the particles. After showing the dependence between these parameters, we propose, using a classification method, a grouping of particles representing different populations depending on the distance between the collection locations and the volcano crater
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Gueron, Y. "Monitoring and heterogeneity in dynamic games." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1402474/.
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In this thesis we study the impact of monitoring and heterogeneity on the set of equilibria of dynamic games. In Chapter 1 we show how heterogeneity in time preferences can help create new intertemporal incentives. Proving the folk theorem in a game with three or more players usually requires imposing restrictions on the dimensionality of the stage-game payoffs. Considering a class of games in which those restrictions do not hold, we show how to recover a folk theorem by allowing time preferences to vary across players. In Chapters 2 and 3 we show how a small degree of imperfection in the monitoring technology can have large effects on the set of equilibria of dynamic games. We study a dynamic voluntary contribution game with irreversibility and a game with an asymptotically finite horizon. In both settings, when monitoring is perfect, players can cooperate and obtain payoffs in the repeated game that are strictly greater than the payoffs from the unique inefficient stage-game equilibrium. We show however that introducing an arbitrarily small amount of noise in the monitoring technology can cause a complete breakdown in cooperation. Finally in Chapter 4 we investigate how information is transmitted in a revision game with one-sided incomplete information. Players aim to coordinate on an action which depends on an unknown state of the world and players can only revise their actions stochastically during a preparation stage, at the end of which the prepared action profile is implemented. Miscoordination arises from the possibility of no longer receiving revision opportunities until the deadline. We show that close to the deadline no information is transmitted and that far from the deadline the uninformed player prefers to be miscoordinated.
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Burns, James P. A. "Dynamic modeling and monitoring of bridge decks." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1207/.
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Iketubosin, P. P. "Studies on non-linear dynamic process monitoring." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7455.
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Owing to the numerous benefits of process monitoring, the subject has attracted a
lot of attention in the last two decades. Process monitoring is an art of identifying
abnormal deviations in a process from the normal operating condition using various
techniques. Generally, the development of these monitoring techniques is geared towards
applying these techniques to industrial processes. In addition, most industrial
processes are dynamic and non-linear in nature. Therefore, in the development of
the monitoring algorithms, the dynamic as well as the non-linear properties of the
plant should be taken into consideration.
Process monitoring techniques like the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and
Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression analysis were developed based on the assumption
that the process data is normally distributed. Nevertheless, this assumption
of normality is invalid for most industrial processes due to the non-linear nature of
these plants. For such processes, the distribution of the process variables in general
will be non-Gaussian, therefore making the widely applied PCA and PLS approaches
inappropriate for the monitoring of plants. To address this limitation of the PCA
and PLS for Dynamic processes, the Dynamic PCA (DPCA) and dynamic PLS
(DPLS) approaches were developed.
The challenge of efficiently monitoring process plants with dynamic and non-linear
characteristics is the motivation for this study. The overall aim of this study is to
develop process monitoring strategies that are able to take the dynamic and nonlinear
properties of the plant into account. With these strategies, more efficient
performance monitoring of the plant can be achieved. Cont/d.
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Best, Nicola Grace. "Dynamic models for post-transplant patient monitoring." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321024.
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Nicholson, Ann Elizabeth. "Monitoring discrete environments using dynamic belief networks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306008.
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Zeileis, Achim, Friedrich Leisch, Christian Kleiber, and Kurt Hornik. "Monitoring structural change in dynamic econometric models." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1296/1/document.pdf.
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The classical approach to testing for structural change employs retrospective tests using a historical data set of a given length. Here we consider a wide array of fluctuation-type tests in a monitoring situation - given a history period for which a regression relationship is known to be stable, we test whether incoming data are consistent with the previously established relationship. Procedures based on estimates of the regression coefficients are extended in three directions: we introduce (a) procedures based on OLS residuals, (b) rescaled statistics and (c) alternative asymptotic boundaries. Compared to the existing tests our extensions offer better power against certain alternatives, improved size in finite samples for dynamic models and ease of computation respectively. We apply our methods to two data sets, German M1 money demand and U.S. labor productivity.Series: Report Series SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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Caniglia, Ellen C. "Dynamic Monitoring Strategies for HIV-Positive Individuals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27201722.
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The benefits of immunologic and virologic monitoring for the management of HIV-positive individuals are well established. However, the optimal frequency with which CD4 cell count and HIV RNA should be monitored remains unknown. In this dissertation, we use observational data from two collaborations of prospective cohort studies from high-income countries to estimate the effect of CD4 cell count and HIV RNA monitoring strategies on clinical, virologic, and immunologic outcomes in virologically suppressed HIV-positive patients.
In Chapter 1, we compare three CD4 cell count and HIV-RNA monitoring strategies applied to virologically suppressed individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) without AIDS: once every (i) 3±1 months, (ii) 6±1 months, and (iii) 9-12 ±1 months. We find that monitoring frequency can be decreased from every 3 months to every 6, 9, or 12 months in the short term with respect to clinical outcomes. In Chapter 2, we compare strategies corresponding to three CD4 cell count thresholds at which monitoring frequency is decreased from every 3-6 months to every 9-12 months: 200 cells/µl, 350 cells/µl, and 500 cells/µl. We find that decreasing monitoring from every 3-6 months to every 9-12 months while CD4 cell count>200 cells/µl does not worsen the short-term clinical and immunologic outcomes of HIV-positive, virologically suppressed individuals on cART without AIDS. Our estimates also suggest that decreasing monitoring frequency when CD4 cell count>200 cells/µl compared with when CD4 cell count>500 cells/µl may result in an increased risk of virologic failure at 24 months of follow-up. In Chapter 3, we compare joint monitoring and treatment switching strategies. The strategies expand on those described in Chapter 2 by including two HIV-RNA threshold at which individuals should switch to a new antiretroviral regimen: 200 copies/ml and 1,000 copies/ml. We find that the studied monitoring-switching strategies have little impact on the short-term clinical outcomes of HIV-positive individuals on cART. In summary, we illustrate an approach to compare monitoring strategies in HIV-positive individuals, and provide estimates of the comparative effectiveness of strategies used in clinical practice. Since effects of different monitoring strategies could take years to materialize, longer follow-up is needed to fully evaluate this question.
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Samuel, Raphael Tari. "Nonlinear dynamic process monitoring using kernel methods." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11833.
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The application of kernel methods in process monitoring is well established. How- ever, there is need to extend existing techniques using novel implementation strate- gies in order to improve process monitoring performance. For example, process monitoring using kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) have been reported. Nevertheless, the e ect of combining kernel density estimation (KDE)-based control limits with KPCA for nonlinear process monitoring has not been adequately investi- gated and documented. Therefore, process monitoring using KPCA and KDE-based control limits is carried out in this work. A new KPCA-KDE fault identi cation technique is also proposed. Furthermore, most process systems are complex and data collected from them have more than one characteristic. Therefore, three techniques are developed in this work to capture more than one process behaviour. These include the linear latent variable-CVA (LLV-CVA), kernel CVA using QR decomposition (KCVA-QRD) and kernel latent variable-CVA (KLV-CVA). LLV-CVA captures both linear and dynamic relations in the process variables. On the other hand, KCVA-QRD and KLV-CVA account for both nonlinearity and pro- cess dynamics. The CVA with kernel density estimation (CVA-KDE) technique reported does not address the nonlinear problem directly while the regular kernel CVA approach require regularisation of the constructed kernel data to avoid com- putational instability. However, this compromises process monitoring performance. The results of the work showed that KPCA-KDE is more robust and detected faults higher and earlier than the KPCA technique based on Gaussian assumption of process data. The nonlinear dynamic methods proposed also performed better than the aforementioned existing techniques without employing the ridge-type regularisation.
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Thollot, Raphaël. "Dynamic situation monitoring and Context-Aware BI recommendations." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718917.
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The amount of information generated and maintained by information systems and their users leads to the increasingly important concern of information overload. Personalized systems have thus emerged to help provide more relevant information and services to the user. In particular, recommender systems appeared in the mid 1990's and have since then generated a growing interest in both industry and academia. Besides, context-aware systems have been developed to model, capture and interpret information about the user's situation, generally in dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Decision support systems like Business Intelligence (BI) platforms also face usability challenges as the amount of information available to knowledge workers grows. Remarkably, we observe that only a small part of personalization and recommendation techniques have been used in the context of data warehouses and analysis tools. Therefore, our work aims at exploring synergies of recommender systems and context-aware systems to develop personalization and recommendation scenarios suited in a BI environment. In response to this, we develop in our work an open and modular situation management platform using a graph-based situation model. Besides, dynamic aspects are crucial to deal with context data which is inherently time-dependent. We thus define two types of active components to enable dynamic maintenance of situation graphs, activation rules and operators. In response to events which can describe users' interactions, activation rules - defined using the event-condition-action framework - are evaluated thanks to queries on underlying graphs, to eventually trigger appropriate operators. These platform and framework allow us to develop and support various recommendation and personalization scenarios. Importantly, we design a re-usable personalized query expansion component, using semantics of multi-dimensional models and usage statistics from repositories of BI documents like reports or dashboards. This component is an important part of another experimentation we realized, Text-To-Query. This system dynamically generates multi-dimensional queries to illustrate a text and support the knowledge worker in the analysis or enrichment of documents she is manipulating. Besides, we also illustrate the integration and usage of our graph repository and situation management frameworks in an open and extensible federated search project, to provide background knowledge management and personalization.
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Persaud, Vasu Tavasna. "DYNAMIC SPEED MONITORING SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS ON SHARP CURVES." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2931.
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The design of rural interchanges is of critical concern due to the need for the safe transition of vehicles from one high speed roadways to another and vice versa. This transition is accomplished by entry and exit ramps of various forms. The southbound entry loop ramp at the US 27/ US 192 trumpet interchange in Polk County, Florida does not provide such safe transition since historically there has been a high incidence of vehicular off-tracking. The geometry of the southbound entry ramp coupled with high approach speeds are two of the contributing factors. Due to the high cost of interchange modification and ramp realignment, one approach to increasing safety at the interchange is to decrease approach speeds (assumes that speed is a surrogate measure of safety) utilizing a Dynamic Speed Monitoring (DSM) system. The objective of this thesis was to test the effectiveness of such a DSM system at reducing vehicle speeds at the rural US 27/ US 192 trumpet interchange in Polk County, Florida. The system tested was a solar powered, radar based, wireless speed warning system which potentially could be used at traffic locations where it is difficult to secure power and to extended wires. The Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs) for the system were the reduction in mean and variance of speed along with the proportion of vehicles in the higher speed ranges after system implementation. This thesis describes the testing of the DSM effectiveness and involves the documentation of the experiments conducted, the data collected and the analysis of the results. Speed data was collected Before and After installation of the DSM system at two points preceding the southbound entry ramp. Approach speeds were collected at a point 250 feet in advance of the southbound entry ramp curve (also the detection zone of the DSM system radar) and PC speeds were collected at the Point of Curve of southbound entry ramp. Various data sets were analyzed in order to ascertain the systems effectiveness during the day and night, weekdays and weekends, various time periods during the day, and within various speed ranges. The Approach and PC data analysis indicated that the DSM system significantly (at the 95% confidence level) reduced speed mean and variance and increased speed limit/ advisory speed compliance. The Approach mean speed was reduced by 3.58 mph and the PC mean speed was reduced by 1.57 mph. The Approach speed variance was reduced by 3.34 and the PC speed variance was reduced by 0.70 mph. Approach speed limit compliance was increased by 22.27% and PC advisory speed (35 mph) + 5 mph compliance was increased by 11.56% (it was apparent that motorist were utilizing speeds above the advisory speed to navigate the curve). In general, the effectiveness of the DSM system was diminished on weekends as well as during the late night and early morning (12 AM to 7 AM) time periods. This suggested that when there were lower volumes and when motorists' perceived that speed limit enforcement was not as likely, the DSM system effectiveness was reduced. The DSM system resulted in a reduction in the percentage of vehicles utilizing the higher speed ranges (> 45 mph). There was a 62% average reduction in the vehicles that utilized the speed ranges above 57 mph for the Approach data and there was a 36% average reduction in the vehicles that utilized the speed ranges above 45 mph for the PC data. The DSM system resulted in a shift in the distribution of speeds from the higher speed bins to the lower speed bins Before and After installation.M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering MS
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Al-Alawi, Ahmed. "Dynamic modelling and performance monitoring of chemical processes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427331.
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Stephen, Graham Alexander. "Visual determination of dynamic displacements for structural monitoring." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303675.
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Fung, Stephanie SY. "Seismic monitoring of dynamic bridge deformations using strain measurements." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6975.
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In recent years, civil engineers have become very interested in developing systems to monitor the health of the structures that they have designed and built. There are many systems that can monitor the vertical deflections of structures, but there are few that can effectively measure deflections due to dynamic loads. This report investigates the use of a mathematical model proposed by Swiss engineers, Vurpillot et al [1998], and the selection of innovative fiber optic strain gauges along with a high-speed data acquisition system for future verification tests. Various laboratory static and dynamic verification tests using traditional electrical resistance strain gauges were performed on three beam specimens in the Structures Laboratory at the University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa. The results produced by the mathematical model agreed well with the measured results and the theoretical results from the SAP2000 model. Further tests will be performed using the Fabry-Perot fiber optic strain gauges and data acquisition system that has been selected in this report.x, 107 leaves
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Turner, James David. "A dynamic prediction and monitoring framework for distributed applications." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396960.
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Maree, Charl. "Diagnostic monitoring of dynamic systems using artificial immune systems." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1780.
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Thesis (MScEng (Process Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.The natural immune system is an exceptional pattern recognition system based on memory and learning that is capable of detecting both known and unknown pathogens. Artificial immune systems (AIS) employ some of the functionalities of the natural immune system in detecting change in dynamic process systems. The emerging field of artificial immune systems has enormous potential in the application of fault detection systems in process engineering. This thesis aims to firstly familiarise the reader with the various current methods in the field of fault detection and identification. Secondly, the notion of artificial immune systems is to be introduced and explained. Finally, this thesis aims to investigate the performance of AIS on data gathered from simulated case studies both with and without noise. Three different methods of generating detectors are used to monitor various different processes for anomalous events. These are: (1) Random Generation of detectors, (2) Convex Hulls, (3) The Hypercube Vertex Approach. It is found that random generation provides a reasonable rate of detection, while convex hulls fail to achieve the required objectives. The hypercube vertex method achieved the highest detection rate and lowest false alarm rate in all case studies. The hypercube vertex method originates from this project and is the recommended method for use with all real valued systems, with a small number of variables at least. It is found that, in some cases AIS are capable of perfect classification, where 100% of anomalous events are identified and no false alarms are generated. Noise has, expectedly so, some effect on the detection capability on all case studies. The computational cost of the various methods is compared, which concluded that the hypercube vertex method had a higher cost than other methods researched. This increased computational cost is however not exceeding reasonable confines therefore the hypercube vertex method nonetheless remains the chosen method. The thesis concludes with considering AIS’s performance in the comparative criteria for diagnostic methods. It is found that AIS compare well to current methods and that some of their limitations are indeed solved and their abilities surpassed in certain cases. Recommendations are made to future study in the field of AIS. Further the use of the Hypercube Vertex method is highly recommended in real valued scenarios such as Process Engineering.
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Cui, Yinan. "Dynamic State Estimation Assisted Power System Monitoring and Protection." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25851.
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The advent of phasor measurement units (PMUs) has unlocked several novel methods to monitor, control, and protect bulk electric power systems. This thesis introduces the concept of ?Dynamic State Estimation? (DSE), aided by PMUs, for wide-area monitoring and protection of power systems. Unlike traditional State Estimation where algebraic variables are estimated from system measurements, DSE refers to a process to estimate the dynamic states associated with synchronous generators. This thesis first establishes the viability of using particle filtering as a technique to perform DSE in power systems. The utility of DSE for protection and wide-area monitoring are then shown as potential novel applications. The work is presented as a collection of several journal and conference papers. In the first paper, we present a particle filtering approach to dynamically estimate the states of a synchronous generator in a multi-machine setting considering the excitation and prime mover control systems. The second paper proposes an improved out-of-step detection method for generators by means of angular difference. The generator's rotor angle is estimated with a particle filter-based dynamic state estimator and the angular separation is then calculated by combining the raw local phasor measurements with this estimate. The third paper introduces a particle filter-based dual estimation method for tracking the dynamic states of a synchronous generator. It considers the situation where the field voltage measurements are not readily available. The particle filter is modified to treat the field voltage as an unknown input which is sequentially estimated along with the other dynamic states. The fourth paper proposes a novel framework for event detection based on energy functions. The key idea is that any event in the system will leave a signature in WAMS data-sets. It is shown that signatures for four broad classes of disturbance events are buried in the components that constitute the energy function for the system. This establishes a direct correspondence (or mapping) between an event and certain component(s) of the energy function. The last paper considers the dynamic latency effect when the measurements and estimated dynamics are transmitted from remote ends to a centralized location through the networks.National Science Foundation, NSF (Award #1544621)
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Zhong, Zhian. "Power Systems Frequency Dynamic Monitoring System Design and Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28707.
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Recent large-scale blackouts revealed that power systems around the world are far from the stability and reliability requirement as they suppose to be. The post-event analysis clarifies that one major reason of the interconnection blackout is lack of wide area information. Frequency dynamics is one of the most important parameters of an electrical power system. In order to understand power system dynamics effectively, accurately measured wide-area frequency is needed. The idea of building an Internet based real-time GPS synchronized wide area Frequency Monitoring Network (FNET) was proposed to provide the imperative dynamic information for the large-scale power grids and the implementation of FNET has made the synchronized observations of the entire US power network possible for the first time. The FNET system consists of Frequency Disturbance Recorders (FDR), which work as the sensor devices to measure the real-time frequency at 110V single-phase power outlets, and an Information Management System (IMS) to work as a central server to process the frequency data. The device comparison between FDR and commercial PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) demonstrate the advantage of FNET. The web visualization tools make the frequency data available for the authorized users to browse through Internet.
The research work addresses some preliminary observations and analyses with the field-measured frequency information from FNET. The original algorithms based on the frequency response characteristic are designed to process event detection, localization and unbalanced power estimation during frequency disturbances. The analysis of historical cases illustrate that these algorithms can be employed in real-time level to provide early alarm of abnormal frequency change to the system operator. The further application is to develop an adaptive under frequency load shedding scheme with the processed information feed in to prevent further frequency decline in power systems after disturbances causing dangerous imbalance between the load and generation.Ph. D.
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Bajracharya, Quree. "Dynamic Modeling, Monitoring and Control of Energy Storage System." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26521.
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Today there is a great interest on the small scale renewable electricity generation due to the changing economics and the demand for highly sustainable electricity generation. However, renewable energy sources are unreliable and fluctuating which causes variation of power flow. In this situation, there can be server problems such as frequency oscillations, violation of the power line capability jeopardizing the security of the power system. Batteries can be an emerging technology which acts as the fast acting spinning reserve that can balance between the load and generation. Conversely, it very difficult to accurately predict battery performance and the total cost of the investment of storage system by integrating batteries to the renewable system as batteries in this situation have to bear a wide range of the operational conditions . Henceforth, modeling of the battery is extremely important. This master thesis gives the dynamic modeling of the batteries which can replicate the relevant behavior of the battery. The proposed methodology is the model based approach where the parameters are determined to develop a suitable model. In this thesis, the battery is modeled as an R-C circuit comprising of elements each of which represents certain battery characteristics. An appropriate model is selected based on the comparative study of the characteristics of experimental output of the battery using model identification. Parameters of the battery are computed in the MATLAB Simulink parameter estimation toolbox using least square estimation .The initial parameter values for the simulink are found with the help of the lab test. Validation results from the two experimental data shows that the model can accurately estimate the battery characteristics with an error of 0.3%.The aforementioned battery model is later used to make an appropriate charge controller. The methods used in the thesis performed quite well within the limited tests performed during the experimental works. To use the model online in the future, further investigation is recommended in order to refine the model.
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Veerapen, Parmaseeven Pillay. "Recurrence relationships and model monitoring for Dynamic Linear Models." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1991. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/109386/.
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This thesis considers the incorporation and deletion of information in Dynamic Linear Models together with the detection of model changes and unusual values. General results are derived for the Normal Dynamic Linear Model which naturally also relate to second order modelling such as occurs with the Kalman Filter, linear least squares and linear Bayes estimation. The incorporation of new information, the assessment of its influence and the deletion of old or suspect information are important features of all sequential models. Many dynamic sequential models exhibit conditioned, independence properties. Important results concerning conditional independence in normal models are established which provide the framework and the tools necessary to develop neat procedures and to obtain appropriate recurrence relationships for data incorporation and deletion. These are demonstrated in the context of dynamic linear models, with particularly simple procedures for discount regression models. Appropriate model and forecast monitoring mechanisms are required to detect model changes and unusual values. Cumulative Sum (Cusum) techniques widely used in quality control and in model and forecast monitoring have been the source of inspiration in this context. Bearing in mind that a single sided Cusum may be regarded essentially as a sequence of sequential tests, such a Cusum is, in many cases, equivalent to a Sequence of Sequential Probability Ratio Tests in many cases, as for example in the case of the Exponential Family. A relationship between Cusums and Bayesian decision is established for a useful class of linear loss functions. It is found to apply to the Normal and other important practical cases. For V- mask Cusum graphs, a particularly interesting result which emerges is the interpretation of the distance of the V vertex from the latest plotted point as the prior precision in terms of a number of equivalent observations.
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Al, Shoaili Saoud Humaid Salim. "Internet-based monitoring and controlling of real-time dynamic systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1123.
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The study in this report mainly focuses on the Internet-based Monitoring and Controlling of a Real-Time Dynamic System interfaced via a dedicated local computer. The main philosophy behind this study is to allow the remote user to conduct an Internet-based Remote Operation (I-bRO) for the dynamic system. The dynamic system has been defined as the system which has its parts interrelated in such a way that a change in one part necessarily affects other parts of the system [I]. In order to achieve this goal, the study has been conducted in a form of an on-line and real-time Virtual Laboratory (VL). Through this form of laboratory, a user can carry out the experiment, perform real-time monitoring and controlling operations of the experiment and collect real and live data from the experiment through the network link as the user was physically in the laboratory. The dynamic system that has been selected for the test-rig of this study is a 3-phase Induction Motor (IM) which is mechanically coupled with a DC-Dynamometer that acts as a variable load to the IM. This system is a common laboratory experiment in the study of the Electrical Engineering for both undergraduate and postgraduate students. The study covers both sides of the I-bRO; the hardware and the software. The hardware side includes the design and the development of a load control box that has been used to interface the DC-Dynamometer and consequently control it from the local computer. The software side covers the design and the development of the Virtual Instrumentation System (VIS) that has replaced successfully the physical Measurement and Test (M&T) instruments of the test-rig. Beside that, the software side includes the development of the internet remote front panel for the remote operation.Furthermore, the software side includes the development of the software that has been used to analyse the system during the I-bRO. In this study, the LabVTEW7 program has been used to design and develop the VIS and the Matlab program has bee used to aualyse the system performance for the remote operations. This study also addresses the issues and problems related to the intranet or the internet to be used as the network for data communication between the test-rig and remote users. This study has been carried out in different stages as follows: 1. Designing and development of the VIS. 2. Interfacing the test-rig apparatus with a local computer. 3. Upload the system from the local computer to the network. 4. Study the performance of the system on the network for the purpose of the remote operations controlled over the internet. The developed system of this study has been used for data acquisition, network communications, instruments monitoring and controlling applications. A user can execute on-line and in the real-time the developed VIS from any point in the university. Due to the fact that the university network is directly integrated to the main internet server. a remote user through the main internet server is able to perform I-bRO of the selected dynamic system. There are many factors associated with the network, the internet or the intranet, and have direct influences on the control system performance throughout the remote operations. The most dominant factors are the random time-delays and the data losses.These factors among others have to be addressed for a proper application of the I-bRO. For this reason, different cases and scenarios of the I-bRO have been investigated and simulated to study the affection of the network on the control system performance. The system is analysed under two control cases, closed loop with random time-delays and open loop when the internet server is disconnected and no communication between the input and the output of the system. In the first case, the closed loop, the internet server is assumed to be closed and subjected to random time-delays. In the second case, the internet server is subjected to random cut-off and thus opens the control loop. The results of both cases have been analysed and discussed. It has been found that, if the control system without the time-delays is stable, it remains stable even with small time-delays up to twenty seconds. This result is different from what has been shown in the literature.
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Gómez, Sebastià Ignasi. "NoMoDEI : A framework for Norm Monitoring on Dynamic Electronic Institutions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384551.
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With the growth of the Internet, computational systems have become more and more complex, often including complicate interconnected networks of autonomous components. The need to bring some organisational structure into autonomous systems becomes urgent, as this allows regulating the behaviour of the different autonomous components to ensure their objectives are aligned with the holistic objectives of the system.
Normative Systems are one of the mechanisms that can be applied to define and enforce acceptable behaviour within distributed electronic systems which should comply with some (human) regulations. One of the requirements to effectively implement Normative Systems is to be able to assess, at runtime, the state of the normative environment. Existing lines of research have already tried to tackle this issue on some simple scenarios. However, more complex scenarios may appear, for instance, scenarios where the normative context is not static, but it expands and contracts as new norms are added to the institution and removed from it respectively.
As in human legal systems, it is easy to foresee that some of these electronic normative environments will not be static. They should be able to evolve through time as regulations change, effectively adapting to new situations and behaviours. Under these conditions, a monitoring system must be able to continue computing the state of the normative environment at runtime, as often we can not afford to perform the changes on the normative context off-line. Furthermore, it must be guaranteed the monitoring system can keep producing states of the normative environment that are consistent with the changes performed on the normative context. For instance, if a norm has been removed from the normative context, it does not make sense anymore to compute normative states where the norm has been violated.
In this thesis we present NoMoDEI, a normative monitoring framework for dynamic Electronic Institutions. We formalize and develop an extended normative framework and architecture to cope with scenarios where the normative context is dynamic, therefore norms can be added, removed and updated. The operations are to be performed at run-time, without having to stop computing the normative state. The normative states computed are consistent with the expansion and contraction operations.
NoMoDEI is introduced in three steps. First, we formally define the operations to be supported in order to allow for expanding and contracting the normative context. Then, we instantiate the formal operations, providing implementation details. Finally, we demonstrate our framework by applying it to two use cases: E-health systems and waste-water management on a river basin.Amb l'expansió d'Internet els sistemes computacionals han esdevingut més complexos, sovint incorporant complicades xarxes interconnectades de components autònoms. Es per això que la necessitat d'incorporar estructures organitzacionals en el sistemes autònoms s 'accentua, donat que aquestes estructures permeten regular el comportament dels diferents components autònoms, tot assegurant que els seus objectius es troben alineats amb els objectius generals del sistema. Els Sistemes Normatius (i.e. Normative Systems) són un dels mecanismes que podem aplicar per definir i imposar patrons acceptables de comportament dintre de sistemes electrònics distribuïts. Això esdevé especialment important quan el sistema es troba regimentat per regulacions (normalment humanes). Un dels requeriments per implementar Sistemes Normatius és ser capaços de determinar, en temps d'execució, l'estat de l'entorn normatiu. Existeixen línies de recerca que ja han tractat aquest problema en alguns escenaris simples. El món real però ens ofereix escenaris més complexes, com per exemple, escenaris on el context normatiu no és estàtic, si no que s'expandeix i contrau a mesura que noves normes són afegides o eliminades de la institució. Tal com passa als sistemes legals humans, és fàcil preveure que alguns contextos normatius electrònics no seran estàtics. Aquests contextos haurien de ser capaços d'evolucionar a través del temps a mesura que les regulacions canvien, adaptant-se a noves situacions i comportaments. Sota aquestes condicions, un sistema de monitorització ha de ser capaç de continuar calculant l'estat de l'entorn normatiu en temps d'execució, ja que sovint no ens podem permetre realitzar els canvis a l'entorn normatiu aturant el procés de monitorització. És més s'ha de garantir que el sistema de monitorització sigui capaç de continuar produint es tats de l’entorn normatiu de forma consistent amb els canvis realitzats. Per exemple, el fet d'eliminar una norma fa que no tingui gaire sentit continuar calculant es tats normatius on aquesta norma ha es tat violada. A aquesta Tesi presentem NoMoDEI, una infraestructura de monitorització normativa per institucions electròniques dinàmiques. Formalitzem i desenvolupem una infraestructura de monitorització normativa estesa capaç d'operar en escenaris on el context normatiu es dinàmic. Es a dir, diverses normes poden ser introduïdes, eliminades o actualitzades del context normatiu en qualsevol moment. Aquestes operacions s'han de poder realitzar en temps d'execució, es a dir, sense deixar de calcular l'estat normatiu. Es més, els estats normatius calculats han de ser consistents amb les respectives operacions d'extensió o contracció del context. Durant la Tesi presentem NoMoDEI en tres passos. Primer proporcionem una definició formal de les operacions que la infraestructura ha de suportar per permetre expandir i contraure el context normatiu. A continuació instanciem aquestes operacions proporcionant detalls d'implementació. Finalment demostrem que la nostra infraestructura pot ser aplicada a casos d'ús del món real introduint dos casos: sistemes de salut electrònics (i.e. E-health) i sistemes de tractament d’aigües residuals a la conca d’un riu
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Seppala, Christopher Toomath. "Dynamic analysis of variance methods for monitoring control system performance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/NQ42975.pdf.
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Wise, Barry Mitchell. "Adapting multivariate analysis for monitoring and modeling of dynamic systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9860.
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Casey, Cody. "Crack detection in a rotor dynamic system by vibration monitoring." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17838.
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Wafula, Alfred Brian. "Dynamic Monitoring of Cytotoxicity Using Electric Cell Substrate Impendence Sensing." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3800.
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Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) pioneered by Giaever and Keese is suitable for continuous, automatic and real-time cell attachment analysis. ECIS is a novel electrical method to study, in real time, many of the activities of animal cells when grown in tissue culture. These include morphological changes, cell locomotion, and other behaviors directed by the cell's cytoskeleton. One of the most direct ECIS measurements is that of the attachment and spreading behaviors of cells. These measurements allow one to study and quantify the interaction of cultured cells with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and other macromolecules continuously and in real time. Traditionally, cell attachment and spreading measurements are labor intensive, requiring many manipulations of the cultures for microscopic evaluation of cell behavior. With ECIS, these same measurements can be made in an automated approach without opening the door of the incubator. The ECIS core technology is based on a technique of measuring the change in impedance of a small electrode to AC current flow. The heart of the measurement is a specialized slide that has 8 individual wells for cell culturing. The base of the device has an array of gold film electrodes that connect to the ECIS electronics to each of the 8 wells.
In our work we used ECIS to study the attachment and spread of HUVEC and 3T3 cells. The curve of HUVEC showed higher resistances than that of 3T3 cells. This was due to the fact we used gelatin to aid in attachment of HUVECs which accounted for the high resistances. 3T3 cells attached easily without help of gelatin. We also studied the cytotoxicity of HUVEC and 3T3 cells. The drugs that we used were CB, H7 and CdCl2. We found that the best drug was CB since it affected the cells even at low concentrations. H7 effects were mild while CdCl2 only worked at high concentrations. HUVEC cells make loose contact on electrodes and are easily detached by drugs. 3T3 makes firm at tachment to the electrodes and are not easily detached from the electrodes.
Electrical impedance measurements on multiple electrodes are highly attractive in this application because of the potential for direct computer control.
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Purohit, Aveek. "Controlled-mobile Sensor Networks for Dynamic Sensing and Monitoring Applications." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/357.
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Many potential indoor sensing and monitoring applications are characterized by hazardous and constantly-changing operating environments. For example, consider emergency response scenarios such as urban fire rescue. Traditionally, first responders have little access to situational information. In-situ information about the conditions, such as the extent and evolution of the indoor fire, can augment rescue efforts and reduce risk to emergency personnel. Static sensor networks that are pre-deployed or manually deployed have been proposed for such applications, but are less practical due to need for large infrastructure, lack of adaptivity and limited coverage. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that controlled-mobile networked sensing – the capability of nodes to move as per network needs, is a novel, feasible, and beneficial approach to monitoring dynamic and hazardous environments. Controlled-mobility in sensor networks can provide the desired autonomy and adaptability to overcome the limitations of static sensors. The research focuses on four of the major challenges in realizing controlled-mobile sensor networking systems: Understanding the trade-off between cost, weight, and sensing and actuation capabilities in designing a hardware platform for controlled-mobile sensing together with a complementary firmware architecture. Designing simulation environments for controlled-mobile sensing platforms that adequately incorporate both the cyber (network, processing, planning) and physical (motion, environment) components of such systems. Investigating the effects of controlled-mobility on network group discovery and maintenance protocols and designing approaches that meet the mobility, latency and energy constraints. Exploring novel low-overhead infrastructure-less mechanisms for collaborative coverage, deployment and navigation of resource-constrained controlled-mobile nodes in previously unseen environments. The thesis validates and evaluates the presented architecture, tools, and algorithms for controlled-mobile sensing systems through extensive simulations and a real-system test-bed implementation. The results show that controlled-mobility is feasible and can enable new class of sensing and monitoring applications.
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Yeung, Wang Tat. "Bridge monitoring strategy using measured dynamic response and neural networks." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313012.
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Lozano-Tovar, Paulo César 1970. "Dynamic models for liquid rocket engines with health monitoring application." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47491.
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Jones, Philip Edward James. "Evaluation of water distribution system monitoring using stochastic dynamic modeling." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40441.
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A stochastic dynamic constituent transport model was developed, capable of simulating the operation of a water distribution system containing pumps and storage tanks, and subject to random demands and contaminant inputs. Long term operation of a hypothetical small town water supply system containing one pump station and one storage tank was simulated while the system was subjected to external contaminant inputs. Repeated simulations were made under different regimes of external contamination applied to the tank, the pump station and at system nodes, and internal contamination representing biofilm effects based on assumed relationships between flow velocities and bioflim cell detachment. Seven sampling plans representing regulatory requirements and industry practice were applied during the simulation to evaluate their ability to detect the contamination under a presence/absence criterion.
The simulations were able to identify contamination patterns and provide information useful in the definition of sampling plans. Time of sampling was found to be as important as location. This was true both within the monitoring period, and particularly within the diurnal cycle of demand. Spreading samples over different days within the monitoring period rather than sampling all on one day, always improved contaminant detection. Detection by plans based on fixed times and locations were very sensitive to those times and locations.
There was no best plan suitable for all situations tested. The better sampling plans were those that captured the temporal and spatial contamination patterns present in the system. No consistent advantage was noted from sampling in proportion to population served or in locating sampling nodes systematically instead of randomly. The location and timing of sampling for most plans could be improved with the knowledge of actual contamination patterns and timing provided by the model.
The presence of a storage tank was found to have a strong influence on hydraulic patterns and the location and timing of contamination reaching different parts of the system.Ph. D.
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Elbadawy, Mohamed Mohamed Zeinelabdin Mohamed. "Dynamic Strain Measurement Based Damage Identification for Structural Health Monitoring." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86167.
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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a non-destructive evaluation tool that assesses the functionality of structural systems that are used in the civil, mechanical and aerospace engineering practices. A much desirable objective of a SHM system is to provide a continuous monitoring service at a minimal cost with ability to identify problems even in inaccessible structural components. In this dissertation, several such approaches that utilize the measured dynamic response of structural systems are presented to detect, locate, and quantify the damages that are likely to occur in structures. In this study, the structural damage is identified as a reduction in the stiffness characteristics of the structural elements. The primary focus of this study is on the utilization of measured dynamic strains for damage identification in the framed structures which are composed of interconnected beam elements. Although linear accelerations, being more convenient to measure, are commonly used in most SHM practices, herein the strains being more sensitive to elemental damage are considered. Two different approaches are investigated and proposed to identify the structural element stiffness properties. Both approaches are mode-based, requiring first the identification of system modes from the measured strain responses followed by the identification of the element stiffness coefficients. The first approach utilizes the Eigen equation of the finite element model of the structure, while the second approach utilizes the changes caused by the damage in the structural curvature flexibilities. To reduce size of the system which is primarily determined by the number of sensors deployed for the dynamic data collection, measurement sensitivity-based sensor selection criterion is observed to be effective and thus used. The mean square values of the measurements with respect to the stiffness coefficients of the structural elements are used as the effective measures of the measurement sensitivities at different sensor locations. Numerical simulations are used to evaluate the proposed identification approaches as well as to validate the sensitivity-based optimal sensor deployment approach.Ph. D.
All modern societies depend heavily on civil infrastructure systems such as transportation systems, power generation and transmission systems, and data communication systems for their day-to-day activities and survival. It has become extremely important that these systems are constantly watched and maintained to ensure their functionality. All these infrastructure systems utilize structural systems of different forms such as buildings, bridges, airplanes, data communication towers, etc. that carry the service and environmental loads that are imposed on them. These structural systems deteriorate over time because of natural material degradation. They can also get damaged due to excessive load demands and unknown construction deficiencies. It is necessary that condition of these structural systems is known at all times to maintain their functionality and to avoid sudden breakdowns and associated ensuing problems. This condition assessment of structural systems, now commonly known as structural health monitoring, is commonly done by visual onsite inspections manually performed at pre-decided time intervals such as on monthly and yearly basis. The length of this inspection time interval usually depends on the relative importance of the structure towards the functionality of the larger infrastructure system. This manual inspection can be highly time and resource consuming, and often ineffective in catching structural defects that are inaccessible and those that occur in between the scheduled inspection times and dates. However, the development of new sensors, new instrumentation techniques, and large data transfer and processing methods now make it possible to do this structural health monitoring on a continuous basis. The primary objective of this study is to utilize the measured dynamic or time varying strains on structural components such as beams, columns and other structural members to detect the location and level of a damage in one or more structural elements before they become serious. This detection can be done on a continuous basis by analyzing the available strain response data. This approach is expected to be especially helpful in alerting the owner of a structure by identifying the iv occurrence of a damage, if any, immediately after an unanticipated occurrence of a natural event such as a strong earthquake or a damaging wind storm.
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Agharazi, Hanieh. "A Swarm Intelligent Approach To Condition Monitoring of Dynamic Systems." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1457024014.
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Al, Shoaili Saoud Humaid Salim. "Internet-based monitoring and controlling of real-time dynamic systems." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16353.
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The study in this report mainly focuses on the Internet-based Monitoring and Controlling of a Real-Time Dynamic System interfaced via a dedicated local computer. The main philosophy behind this study is to allow the remote user to conduct an Internet-based Remote Operation (I-bRO) for the dynamic system. The dynamic system has been defined as the system which has its parts interrelated in such a way that a change in one part necessarily affects other parts of the system [I]. In order to achieve this goal, the study has been conducted in a form of an on-line and real-time Virtual Laboratory (VL). Through this form of laboratory, a user can carry out the experiment, perform real-time monitoring and controlling operations of the experiment and collect real and live data from the experiment through the network link as the user was physically in the laboratory. The dynamic system that has been selected for the test-rig of this study is a 3-phase Induction Motor (IM) which is mechanically coupled with a DC-Dynamometer that acts as a variable load to the IM. This system is a common laboratory experiment in the study of the Electrical Engineering for both undergraduate and postgraduate students. The study covers both sides of the I-bRO; the hardware and the software. The hardware side includes the design and the development of a load control box that has been used to interface the DC-Dynamometer and consequently control it from the local computer. The software side covers the design and the development of the Virtual Instrumentation System (VIS) that has replaced successfully the physical Measurement and Test (M&T) instruments of the test-rig. Beside that, the software side includes the development of the internet remote front panel for the remote operation.Furthermore, the software side includes the development of the software that has been used to analyse the system during the I-bRO. In this study, the LabVTEW7 program has been used to design and develop the VIS and the Matlab program has bee used to aualyse the system performance for the remote operations. This study also addresses the issues and problems related to the intranet or the internet to be used as the network for data communication between the test-rig and remote users. This study has been carried out in different stages as follows: 1. Designing and development of the VIS. 2. Interfacing the test-rig apparatus with a local computer. 3. Upload the system from the local computer to the network. 4. Study the performance of the system on the network for the purpose of the remote operations controlled over the internet. The developed system of this study has been used for data acquisition, network communications, instruments monitoring and controlling applications. A user can execute on-line and in the real-time the developed VIS from any point in the university. Due to the fact that the university network is directly integrated to the main internet server. a remote user through the main internet server is able to perform I-bRO of the selected dynamic system. There are many factors associated with the network, the internet or the intranet, and have direct influences on the control system performance throughout the remote operations. The most dominant factors are the random time-delays and the data losses.
These factors among others have to be addressed for a proper application of the I-bRO. For this reason, different cases and scenarios of the I-bRO have been investigated and simulated to study the affection of the network on the control system performance. The system is analysed under two control cases, closed loop with random time-delays and open loop when the internet server is disconnected and no communication between the input and the output of the system. In the first case, the closed loop, the internet server is assumed to be closed and subjected to random time-delays. In the second case, the internet server is subjected to random cut-off and thus opens the control loop. The results of both cases have been analysed and discussed. It has been found that, if the control system without the time-delays is stable, it remains stable even with small time-delays up to twenty seconds. This result is different from what has been shown in the literature.
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Gonzalez, Ignacio. "Application of monitoring to dynamic characterization and damage detection in bridges." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150804.
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The field of bridge monitoring is one of rapid development. Advances in sensor technologies, in data communication and processing algorithms all affect the possibilities of Structural Monitoring in Bridges. Bridges are a very critical part of a country’s infrastructure, they are expensive to build and maintain, and many uncertainties surround important factors determining their serviceability and deterioration state. As such, bridges are good candidates for monitoring. Monitoring can extend the service life and avoid or postpone replacement, repair or strengthening works. The amount of resources saved, both to the owner and the users, by reducing the amount of non-operational time can easily justify the extra investment in monitoring. This thesis consists of an extended summary and five appended papers. The thesis presents advances in sensor technology, damage identification algorithms, Bridge Weigh-In-Motion systems, and other techniques used in bridge monitoring. Four case studies are presented. In the first paper, a fully operational Bridge Weigh-In-Motion system is developed and deployed in a steel railway bridge. The gathered data was studied to obtain a characterization of the site specific traffic. In the second paper, the seasonal variability of a ballasted railway bridge is studied and characterized in its natural variability. In the third, the non-linear characteristic of a ballasted railway bridge is studied and described stochastically. In the fourth, a novel damage detection algorithm based in Bridge Weigh-In-Motion data and machine learning algorithms is presented and tested on a numerical experiment. In the fifth, a bridge and traffic monitoring system is implemented in a suspension bridge to study the cause of unexpected wear in the bridge bearings. Some of the major scientific contributions of this work are: 1) the development of a B-WIM for railway traffic capable of estimating the load on individual axles; 2) the characterization of in-situ measured railway traffic in Stockholm, with axle weights and train configuration; 3) the quantification of a hitherto unreported environmental behaviour in ballasted bridges and possible mechanisms for its explanation (this behaviour was shown to be of great importance for monitoring of bridges located in colder climate) 4) the statistical quantification of the nonlinearities of a railway bridge and its yearly variations and 5) the integration of B-WIM data into damage detection techniques.QC 20140910
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Pekilis, Barry. "An Ontology-Based Approach To Concern-Specific Dynamic Software Structure Monitoring." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2836.
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Software reliability has not kept pace with computing hardware. Despite the use reliability improvement techniques and methods, faults remain that lead to software errors and failures. Runtime monitoring can improve software reliability by detecting certain errors before failures occur. Monitoring is also useful for online and electronic services, where resource management directly impacts reliability and quality. For example, resource ownership errors can accumulate over time (e. g. , as resource leaks) and result in software aging. Early detection of errors allows more time for corrective action before failures or service outages occur. In addition, the ability to monitor individual software concerns, such as application resource ownership structure, can help support autonomic computing for self-healing, self-adapting and self-optimizing software. This thesis introduces ResOwn - an application resource ownership ontology for interactive session-oriented services. ResOwn provides software monitoring with enriched concepts of application resource ownership borrowed from real-world legal and ownership ontologies. ResOwn is formally defined in OWL-DL (Web Ontology Language Description Logic), verified using an off-the-shelf reasoner, and tested using the call processing software for a small private branch exchange (PBX). The ResOwn Prime Directive states that every object in an operational software system is a resource, an owner, or both simultaneously. Resources produce benefits. Beneficiary owners may receive resource benefits. Nonbeneficiary owners may only manage resources. This approach distinguishes resource ownership use from management and supports the ability to detect when a resource's role-based runtime capacity has been exceeded.
This thesis also presents a greybox approach to concern-specific, dynamic software structure monitoring including a monitor architecture, greybox interpreter, and algorithms for deriving monitoring model from a monitored target's formal specifications. The target's requirements and design are assumed to be specified in SDL, a formalism based on communicating extended finite state machines. Greybox abstraction, applicable to both behavior and structure, provides direction on what parts, and how much of the target to instrument, and what types of resource errors to detect.
The approach was manually evaluated using a number of resource allocation and ownership scenarios. These scenarios were obtained by collecting actual call traces from an instrumented PBX. The results of an analytical evaluation of ResOwn and the monitoring approach are presented in a discussion of key advantages and known limitations. Conclusions and recommended future work are discussed at the end of the thesis.
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Wafula, Alfred Brian. "Dynamic monitoring of cytotoxicity by using electric cell substrate impedance sensing." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001562.
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Li, Yan. "An integrated water quality monitoring system with dynamic remote sensing feedback /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/5834.
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Wuhib, Fetahi Zebenigus. "Real-Time Monitoring of Global Variables in Large-Scale Dynamic Systems." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Kommunikationsnät, Communication Networks, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4646.
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Parker, Geoffrey James Martin. "Monitoring contrast agent kinetics using dynamic MRI : quantitative and qualitative analysis." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266504.
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Chen, Hong. "Monitoring Network Quality of Service in a Dynamic Real-Time System." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1049296277.
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Erik, Graff. "Agriculture monitoring using satellite data." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85112.
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As technology advances, the possibility of using satellite data and observations to aid inagricultural activities comes closer to reality. Swedish farmers can apply for subsidies for their land in which crop management and animal grazing occurs, and every year thousands of manual follow-up checks are conducted by Svenska Jordbruksverket (Swedish Board of Agriculture) to validate the farmers’ claims to financial aid. RISE (Research Institutes of Sweden) is currently researching a replacement for the manual follow-up checks using an automated process with optical satellite observations from primarily the ESA-made satellite constellation Sentinel-2, and secondarily the radar observations of the Sentinel-1 constellation. The optical observations from Sentinel-2 are greatly hindered by the presence of weather on the Earth’s atmosphere and lack of sunlight, but the radar-based observations of Sentinel-1 are able to penetrate any weather conditions entirely independently from sunlight. By using the optical index NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) which is strongly correlated with plant chlorophyll, and the radar index RVI (Radar Vegetation Index), classifications on animal grazing activities are sought to be made. Dynamic Time Warping and hierarchical clustering are used to analyse and attempt to make classifications on the two selected datasets of sizes 959 and 20 fields. Five experiments were conducted to analyse the observational data from mainly Sentinel-2, but also Sentinel-1. The results were inconclusive and were unable to perform successful classifications primarily on the 959 fields large dataset. An indication is given in one of the experiments, performed on the smaller dataset of 20 fields, that classification is indeed possible by using mean valued NDVI time series. However, it is difficult to draw conclusions due to the small size of the 20 fields large dataset. To validate any possible methods classification a larger dataset must be used.
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Karlsson, Stefan, and Erik Hansson. "Dynamic Load Generator: Synthesising dynamic hardware load characteristics." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28280.
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In this thesis we proposed and tested a new method for creating synthetic workloads. Our method takes the dynamic behaviour into consideration, whereas previous studies only consider the static behaviour. This was done by recording performance monitor counters (PMC) events from a reference application. These events were then used to calculate the hardware load characteristics, in our case cache miss ratios, that were stored for each sample and used as input to a load regulator. A signalling application was then used together with a load regulator and a cache miss generator to tune the hardware characteristics until they were similar to those of the reference application. For each sample, the final parameters from the load regulator were stored in order to be able to simulate it. By simulating all samples with the same sampling period with which they were recorded, the dynamic behaviour of the reference application could be simulated. Measurements show that this was successful for L1 D$ miss ratio, but not for L1 I$ miss ratio and only to a small extent for L2 D$ miss ratio. We were also able to show that the total convergence time for the regulator could be reduced by using case-based reasoning to select the initial parameters from similar samples.
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Rahimi-Larijani, B. "Dynamic Fourier phase and amplitude analysis and computational techniques in gated cardiac scintigraphy." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382224.
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Fioresi, Adriano. "A new method to characteriz e monitoring platforms for dynamic distribution systems." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12387/.
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Nell'esercizio della Distribuzione Elettrica, molte applicazioni come il controllo dei
ussi di
potenza e la stabilità della tensione, richiedono la conoscenza dello stato della rete. Queste
informazioni possono essere ottenute aggregando misure disponibili della rete, seppur di
diversa natura, e applicando ad esse algoritmi di Stima di Stato.
Diversi fattori possono avere un impatto sull'incertezza della stima di stato nel caso in cui
alcune grandezze della rete stiano evolvendo dinamicamente. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è
quello di identificare i diversi contributi che incidono sulla accuratezza del risultato della
Stima di Stato globale durante il verificarsi di eventi di natura dinamica. Tra questi si
citano quali veloci variazioni della potenza generata da parte di fonti di energia rinnovabili
e
uttuazioni della domanda di potenza da parte clienti della rete.
I test eseguiti evidenziano l'importanza del porre particolare attenione agli effetti portati
da queste dinamiche allo scopo di identificare le incertezze che affliggono il sistema di
monitoraggio della rete.
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Hoffmann, Nico. "Dynamic Thermal Imaging for Intraoperative Monitoring of Neuronal Activity and Cortical Perfusion." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-230847.
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Neurosurgery is a demanding medical discipline that requires a complex interplay of several neuroimaging techniques. This allows structural as well as functional information to be recovered and then visualized to the surgeon. In the case of tumor resections this approach allows more fine-grained differentiation of healthy and pathological tissue which positively influences the postoperative outcome as well as the patient's quality of life.
In this work, we will discuss several approaches to establish thermal imaging as a novel neuroimaging technique to primarily visualize neural activity and perfusion state in case of ischaemic stroke. Both applications require novel methods for data-preprocessing, visualization, pattern recognition as well as regression analysis of intraoperative thermal imaging.
Online multimodal integration of preoperative and intraoperative data is accomplished by a 2D-3D image registration and image fusion framework with an average accuracy of 2.46 mm. In navigated surgeries, the proposed framework generally provides all necessary tools to project intraoperative 2D imaging data onto preoperative 3D volumetric datasets like 3D MR or CT imaging. Additionally, a fast machine learning framework for the recognition of cortical NaCl rinsings will be discussed throughout this thesis. Hereby, the standardized quantification of tissue perfusion by means of an approximated heating model can be achieved. Classifying the parameters of these models yields a map of connected areas, for which we have shown that these areas correlate with the demarcation caused by an ischaemic stroke segmented in postoperative CT datasets.
Finally, a semiparametric regression model has been developed for intraoperative neural activity monitoring of the somatosensory cortex by somatosensory evoked potentials. These results were correlated with neural activity of optical imaging. We found that thermal imaging yields comparable results, yet doesn't share the limitations of optical imaging. In this thesis we would like to emphasize that thermal imaging depicts a novel and valid tool for both intraoperative functional and structural neuroimaging.
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Paul, Bryan. "Analytical And Experimental Study Of Monitoring For Chain-Like Nonlinear Dynamic Systems." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5686.
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Inverse analysis of nonlinear dynamic systems is an important area of research in the ?eld of structural health monitoring for civil engineering structures. Structural damage usually involves localized nonlinear behaviors of dynamic systems that evolve into different classes of nonlinearity as well as change system parameter values. Numerous parametric modal analysis techniques (e.g., eigensystem realization algorithm and subspace identification method) have been developed for system identification of multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic systems. However, those methods are usually limited to linear systems and known for poor sensitivity to localized damage. On the other hand, non-parametric identification methods (e.g., artificial neural networks) are advantageous to identify time-varying nonlinear systems due to unpredictable damage. However, physical interpretation of non-parametric identification results is not as straightforward as those of the parametric methods. In this study, the Multidegree-of-Freedom Restoring Force Method (MRFM) is employed as a semi-parametric nonlinear identification method to take the advantages of both the parametric and non-parametric identification methods. The MRFM is validated using two realistic experimental nonlinear dynamic tests: (i) large-scale shake table tests using building models with different foundation types, and (ii) impact test using wind blades. The large-scale shake table test was conducted at Tongji University using 1:10 scale 12-story reinforced concrete building models tested on three different foundations, including pile, box and fixed foundation. The nonlinear dynamic signatures of the building models collected from the shake table tests were processed using MRFM (i) to investigate the effects of foundation types on nonlinear behavior of the superstructure and (ii) to detect localized damage during the shake table tests. Secondly, the MRFM was applied to investigate the applicability of this method to wind turbine blades. Results are promising, showing a high level of nonlinearity of the system and how the MRFM can be applied to wind-turbine blades. Future studies were planned for the comparison of physical characteristic of this blade with blades created made of other material.M.S.
Masters
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering; Structures and Geotechnical Engineering
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Lewis, Brian D. (Brian David) 1961 Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Aeronautical. "A dynamic model of the F404 engine for engine health monitoring purposes." Ottawa.:, 1989.
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Wang, Ji. "Imperfect Monitoring in Multi-agent Opportunistic ChannelAccess." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71789.
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In recent years, extensive research has been devoted to opportunistically exploiting spectrum in a distributed cognitive radio network. In such a network, autonomous secondary users (SUs) compete with each other for better channels without instructions from a centralized authority or explicit coordination among SUs. Channel selection relies on channel occupancy information observed by SUs, including whether a channel is occupied by a PU or an SU. Therefore, the SUs' performance depends on the quality of the information. Current research in this area often assumes that the SUs can distinguish a channel occupied by a PU from one occupied by another SU. This can potentially be achieved using advanced signal detection techniques but not by simple energy detection. However, energy detection is currently the primary detection technique proposed for use in cognitive radio networks. This creates a need to design a channel selection strategy under the assumption that, when SUs observe channel availability, they cannot distinguish between a channel occupied by a PU and one occupied by another SU. Also, as energy detection is simpler and less costly than more advanced signal detection techniques, it is worth understanding the value associated with better channel occupancy information.
The first part of this thesis investigates the impact of different types of imperfect information on the performance of secondary users (SUs) attempting to opportunistically exploit spectrum resources in a distributed manner in a channel environment where all the channels have the same PU duty cycle. We refer to this scenario as the homogeneous channel environment. We design channel selection strategies that leverage different levels of information about channel occupancy. We consider two sources of imperfect information: partial observability and sensing errors. Partial observability models SUs that are unable to distinguish the activity of PUs from SUs. Therefore, under the partial observability models, SUs can only observe whether a channel was occupied or not without further distinguishing it was occupied by a PU or by SUs. This type of imperfect information exists, as discussed above, when energy detection is adopted as the sensing technique. We propose two channel selection strategies under full and partial observability of channel activity and evaluate the performance of our proposed strategies through both theoretical and simulation results. We prove that both proposed strategies converge to a stable orthogonal channel allocation when the missed detection rate is zero. The simulation results validate the efficiency and robustness of our proposed strategies even with a non-zero probability of missed detection.
The second part of this thesis focuses on computing the probability distribution of the number of successful users in a multi-channel random access scheme. This probability distribution is commonly encountered in distributed multi-channel communication systems. An algorithm to calculate this distribution based on a recursive expression was previously proposed. We propose a non-recursive algorithm that has a lower execution time than the one previously proposed in the literature.
The third part of this thesis investigates secondary users (SUs) attempting to opportunistically exploit spectrum resources in a scenario where the channels have different duty cycles, which we refer to as the heterogeneous channel environment. In particular, we model the channel selection process as a one shot game. We prove the existence of a symmetric Nash equilibrium for the proposed static game and design a channel selection strategy that achieves this equilibrium. The simulation results compare the performance of the Nash equilibrium to two other strategies(the random and the proportional strategies) under different PU activity scenarios.Master of Science
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Chen, Zhuo. "Dynamic compensation and sensor fusion for a GSM-based water quality monitoring network." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58372.
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With the increasing demand for water, access to clean water is becoming a more challenging problem for people, in both rural and urban communities. The quantity and quality of fresh water resources, both surface water and ground water, are of major concern worldwide. A continuous water quality monitoring system with access to accurate real-time data can play an important role in water quality tracking and environmental protection. However, evaluation of water quality is complicated; on the one hand, a great number of physical, chemical and biological parameters are usually involved. Hence, multi-sensors network is often deployed for collecting a variety of useful water quality information, such as pH value, ammonia concentration, oxidation-reduction potential, temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen. On the other hand, objectives of in situ testing are complex and dynamic, and the testing environment in the field is also dynamic and harsh. This thesis develops a wireless data transmission platform to solve the communication problem between the monitoring sensor nodes in the field and the base station. What’s more, an individual sensor is only able to make a judgment using a single parameter as evidence. Simplex information is neither sufficient nor reliable, and some parameters also have mutual interference with each other to some extent. Specifically, there should be a systematic way to integrate information from multiple sensors to obtain more accurate and reliable water quality information. Furthermore, allowance has to be made for the variation in the conditions of a sensor, which will affect the sensor accuracy. Therefore, compensation and fusion of sensory data from disparate sources are very necessary to secure a reliable, accurate, and comprehensive monitoring result. By applying Dempster-Shafer theory and Euclidean Distance, this thesis presents a method of assigning four different parameters in the same scale, and combining them into an integrated and reliable quality evaluation result. The necessary methodologies are systematically presented. They are applied to realistic sensory data to illustrate their application and effectiveness.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Berggren, Eric. "Dynamic track stiffness measurement : a new tool for condition monitoring of track substructure /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-341.
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