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Academic literature on the topic 'Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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Bixler, Taler S., James Houle, Thomas Ballestero, and Weiwei Mo. "A dynamic life cycle assessment of green infrastructures." Science of The Total Environment 692 (November 2019): 1146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.345.

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Jayathissa, P., M. Jansen, N. Heeren, Z. Nagy, and A. Schlueter. "Life cycle assessment of dynamic building integrated photovoltaics." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 156 (November 2016): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2016.04.017.

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Sohn, Joshua, Pradip Kalbar, Benjamin Goldstein, and Morten Birkved. "Defining Temporally Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment: A Review." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 16, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4235.

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Su, Shu, Jingyi Ju, Yujie Ding, Jingfeng Yuan, and Peng Cui. "A Comprehensive Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment Model: Considering Temporally and Spatially Dependent Variations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 27, 2022): 14000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114000.

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a widely-used international environmental evaluation and management method. However, the conventional LCA is in a static context without temporal and spatial variations considered, which fails to bring accurate evaluation values and hinders practical applications. Dynamic LCA research has developed vigorously in the past decade and become a hot topic. However, systematical analysis of spatiotemporal dynamic variations and comprehensive operable dynamic models are still lacking. This study follows LCA paradigm and incorporates time- and space-dependent variations to establish a spatiotemporal dynamic LCA model. The dynamic changes are classified into four types: dynamic foreground elementary flows, dynamic background system, dynamic characterization factors, and dynamic weighting factors. Their potential dynamics and possible quantification methods are analyzed. The dynamic LCA model is applied to a residential building, and significant differences can be observed between dynamic and static assessment results from both temporal and spatial perspectives. This study makes a theoretical contribution by establishing a comprehensive dynamic model with both temporal and spatial variations involved. It is expected to provide practical values for LCA practitioners and help with decision-making and environmental management.
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Dyckhoff, Harald, and Tarek Kasah. "Time Horizon and Dominance in Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment." Journal of Industrial Ecology 18, no. 6 (April 10, 2014): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12131.

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Cichowicz, Jakub, Gerasimos Theotokatos, and Dracos Vassalos. "Dynamic energy modelling for ship life-cycle performance assessment." Ocean Engineering 110 (December 2015): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.05.041.

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Asdrubali, F., P. Baggio, A. Prada, G. Grazieschi, and C. Guattari. "Dynamic life cycle assessment modelling of a NZEB building." Energy 191 (January 2020): 116489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116489.

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Pehnt, Martin. "Dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) of renewable energy technologies." Renewable Energy 31, no. 1 (January 2006): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2005.03.002.

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White, Robin R. "198 Beef cattle support system modeling." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz397.160.

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Abstract A model is a tool used to study the dynamics of a system when investigations on the system itself are difficult because of scope, scale, sensitivity, or other complexities. Beef cattle production in the United States is at least a 2- to 4-phase process, consisting of economic, social, environmental, and biological relationships. As such, modeling is a logical strategy to handle many research questions focused on systems responses of beef cattle production systems. There are a number of modeling tools that can be used to research beef cattle production settings, including but not limited to: nutrient requirement models, pasture models, farm system models, and life cycle assessments. Life cycle assessments are the broadest category of models and typically fall under the umbrella of static, deterministic, empirical models that encompass the entirety of the beef production system from manufacture of the inputs through production of the outputs. There are a number of life cycle assessments of beef cattle production systems and comparison of the outcome of these models is a strategy to discern how changes in one aspect of the production system affect all downstream processes. Farm system models can assess an individual economic enterprise or an entirety of a beef production system and typically are dynamic, mechanistic models of the interactions between cattle and their external environments. Several researchers have also established deterministic, empirical farm system models, or hybrids of these two model types. Pasture models can be independent of or tightly linked with farm system models. Most pasture models are dynamic, mechanistic models; however, deterministic, empirical models also exist. Pasture models typically seek to model plant/soil/water interactions. Finally, animal response models and nutrient requirement models can be used to represent animal/feed/management interactions. These models can be dynamic or static, deterministic or mechanistic.
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Su, Shu, Huan Zhang, Jian Zuo, Xiaodong Li, and Jingfeng Yuan. "Assessment models and dynamic variables for dynamic life cycle assessment of buildings: a review." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 21 (March 30, 2021): 26199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13614-1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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Shimako, Allan. "Contribution to the development of a dynamic Life Cycle Assessment method." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0014/document.

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L'analyse du cycle de vie (ACV) est une méthode très utilisée pour l'évaluation environnementale d'un système anthropique. Les spécialistes ont souligné l'absence de dimension temporelle comme une limitation. Les procédés de la technosphère sont dynamiques, ce qui conduirait à un inventaire de cycle de vie (ICV) dépendant du temps. Les mécanismes environnementaux impliqués dans la génération des impacts ont des caractéristiques dynamiques variées déterminant une manifestation temporelle spécifiques des impacts. Cependant, l’impact du cycle de vie (EICV) actuelles considère des modèles en conditions stationnaires et des horizons de temps arbitrairement fixés. L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer au développement d'une méthodologie opérationnelle et des outils adaptés pour la prise en compte du temps dans l'ACV, en accordant une importance au développement d'une approche de modélisation intégrée pour l’ICV et l’EICV. La première contribution de cette thèse concerne le développement d'une base de données temporelle, en s'appuyant sur la base de données ecoinvent, dans laquelle les paramètres temporels ont été attribués aux sets de données. Des indicateurs dynamiques pour le changement climatique et la toxicité ont été développés en adaptant les modèles disponibles et ils ont été mis en place dans un outil de calcul propre. L'approche de modélisation tient compte de la nature fluctuante des émissions des substances en fonction du temps calculées par le modèle d’ICV temporel DyPLCA
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a widely used method for the environmental evaluation of an anthropogenic system. However, LCA scholars pointed out the lack of a temporal dimension as a limitation. The processes of technosphere are dynamic which leads to a time dependent life cycle inventory (LCI). Environmental mechanisms involved in impact developments have distinct dynamic behaviors determining specific temporal occurrence. However, the current life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods consider arbitrarily fixed time horizons and/or steady state conditions. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the development of an operational methodology and adapted tools for the consideration of time dependency in LCA, with emphasis on the development of an integrated modelling solution for both the life cycle inventory and the life cycle impact assessment phases. The first contribution of this thesis concerns the development of a temporal data base, leaning against ecoinvent data base, in which temporal parameters have been attributed to the data sets. Dynamic climate change and toxicity impacts were developed by adapting available models and were implemented in a homemade computational tool. The modelling approach takes into account the noisy nature of substance emissions in function of time as calculated by DyPLCA temporal LCI model
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Collinge, William O. "A dynamic life cycle assessment framework for whole buildings including indoor environmental quality impacts." Thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3573266.

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) can aid in quantifying the environmental impacts of whole buildings by evaluating materials, construction, operation and end of life phases with the goal of identifying areas of potential improvement. Since buildings have long useful lifetimes, and the use phase can have large environmental impacts, variations within the use phase can sometimes be greater than the total impacts of other phases. Additionally, buildings are operated within changing industrial and environmental systems; the simultaneous evaluation of these dynamic systems is recognized as a need in LCA. At the whole building level, LCA of buildings has also failed to account for internal impacts due to indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The two key contributions of this work are 1) the development of an explicit framework for DLCA and 2) the inclusion of IEQ impacts related to both occupant health and productivity. DLCA was defined as “an approach to LCA which explicitly incorporates dynamic process modeling in the context of temporal and spatial variations in the surrounding industrial and environmental systems.” IEQ impacts were separated into three types: 1) chemical impacts, 2) nonchemical health impacts, and 3) productivity impacts. Dynamic feedback loops were incorporated in a combined energy/IEQ model, which was applied to an illustrative case study of the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation (MCSI) building at the University of Pittsburgh. Data were collected by a system of energy, temperature, airflow and air quality sensors, and supplemented with a postoccupancy building survey to elicit occupants’ qualitative evaluation of IEQ and its impact on productivity. The IEQ+DLCA model was used to evaluate the tradeoffs or co-benefits of energy-savings scenarios. Accounting for dynamic variation changed the overall results in several LCIA categories—increasing nonrenewable energy use by 15% but reducing impacts due to criteria air pollutants by over 50%. Internal respiratory effects due to particulate matter were up to 10% of external impacts, and internal cancer impacts from VOC inhalation were several times to almost an order of magnitude greater than external cancer impacts. An analysis of potential energy saving scenarios highlighted tradeoffs between internal and external impacts, with some energy savings coming at a cost of negative impacts on either internal health, productivity or both. Findings support including both internal and external impacts in green building standards, and demonstrate an improved quantitative LCA method for the comparative evaluation of building designs.

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Negishi, Koji. "Development of a methodology of Dynamic LCA applied to the buildings." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0013/document.

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Le secteur du bâtiment est un acteur clé pour aider la France à atteindre ses objectifs de réduction en matière de consommation d’énergie et d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES). L’analyse du cycle de vie (ACV) est la méthode la plus utilisée pour évaluer les impacts environnementaux d’un produit ou d’un système d’une manière systématique et holistique sur l’ensemble de son cycle de vie. Dans le secteur du bâtiment, la méthode ACV a été adaptée avec des outils appropriés, simplifiés, pour inciter les acteurs du bâtiment à évaluer la performance environnementale de leur produit. Cependant, la méthode ACV présente des limites dont une est le manque de notion de « temps », qui touche notamment trois points : (i) Manque de considération de l’évolution temporelle des systèmes, du système « bâtiment » dans notre cas, (ii) Non prise en compte du décalage temporel des activités et donc des émissions, and (iii) Non prise en compte du caractère dynamique des impacts environnementaux. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de la thèse est de développer une méthodologie d’ACV dynamique appliquée au bâtiment, qui permet de prendre en compte ces trois aspects dynamiques, sur la base du projet ANR DyPLCA. L’application de la nouvelle méthode dynamique à un cas d’étude avec trois maisons individuelles accolées a permis d’obtenir des informations importantes sur le profil temporel des impacts. La même quantité des émissions de GES a un impact de changement climatique plus bas lorsque les émissions sont réparties sur une période longue. Les actions pour la réduction et l’adaptation doivent être décidées selon différents types de famille de produits de construction. Ainsi, il est nécessaire d’adapter les efforts de réduction d’impacts en fonction des substances chimiques
The building sector is a key actor to meet the reduction targets in terms of energy consumption and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the most used method for assessing the environmental impacts of a system. In the building sector, the LCA method was adapted with appropriate and simplified tools in order to encourage stakeholders to evaluate the environmental performance of their building products. However, LCA method has some limitations, one of which being the lack of “time dimension” that particularly concerns three points: (i) Lack of consideration of temporal evolution of the system under LCA study, “building system” in our case, (ii) Lack of consideration of temporal discrepancy of activities and associated emissions, (iii) Lack of consideration of dynamic characteristics of environmental impacts (stationary conditions, fixed time horizon, etc.). In this context, the primary objective of the thesis is to develop a dynamic LCA methodology applied to the building sector, on the basis of DyPLCA ANR project. The application of the new dynamic method to a case study with three attached single houses demonstrated that dynamic LCA provides important information on the temporal profile of impacts. The same amount of GHG emissions has a lower effect on temperature peaks when emissions are spread over a long period. The distinction is made between the various GHG, especially according to their lifetime. Instantaneous and cumulated effects (indicators) should be considered in a complete analysis. Actions for mitigation and adaptation need to be decided according to different types of construction product families. Besides, it is necessary to adapt the impact reduction efforts according to the chemical substances
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Ahmadi, Achachlouei Mohammad. "Exploring the Effects of ICT on Environmental Sustainability: From Life Cycle Assessment to Complex Systems Modeling." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171443.

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The production and consumption of information and communication technology (ICT) products and services continue to grow worldwide. This trend is accompanied by a corresponding increase in electricity use by ICT, as well as direct environmental impacts of the technology. Yet a more complicated picture of ICT’s effects is emerging. Positive indirect effects on environmental sustainability can be seen in substitution and optimization (enabling effects), and negative indirect effects can be seen in additional demand due to efficiency improvements (rebound effects). A variety of methods can be employed to model and assess these direct and indirect effects of ICT on environmental sustainability. This doctoral thesis explores methods of modeling and assessing environmental effects of ICT, including electronic media. In a series of five studies, three methods were at times applied in case studies and at others analyzed theoretically. These methods include life cycle assessment (LCA) and complex systems modeling approaches, including System Dynamics (SD) and agent-based (AB) modeling. The first two studies employ the LCA approach in a case study of an ICT application, namely, the tablet edition of a Swedish design magazine. The use of tablets has skyrocketed in recent years, and this phenomenon has been little studied to date. Potential environmental impacts of the magazine’s tablet edition were assessed and compared with those of the print edition. The tablet edition’s emerging version (which is marked by a low number of readers and low reading time per copy) resulted in higher potential environmental impacts per reader than did the print edition. However, the mature tablet edition (with a higher number of readers and greater reading time per copy) yielded lower impacts per reader in half the ten impact categories assessed. While previous studies of electronic media have reported that the main life-cycle contributor to environmental impacts is the use phase (which includes operational electricity use as well as the manufacture of the electronic device), the present study did not support those findings in all scenarios studied in this thesis. Rather, this study found that the number of readers played an important role in determining which life-cycle phase had the greatest impacts. For the emerging version, with few readers, content production was the leading driver of environmental impacts. For the mature version, with a higher number of readers, electronic storage and distribution were the major contributors to environmental impacts. Only when there were many readers but low overall use of the tablet device was the use phase the main contributor to environmental impacts of the tablet edition of the magazine. The third study goes beyond direct effects at product- and service-level LCAs, revisiting an SD simulation study originally conducted in 2002 to model indirect environmental effects of ICT in 15 European countries for the period 2000-2020. In the current study, three scenarios of the 2002 study were validated in light of new empirical data from the period 2000–2012. A new scenario was developed to revisit the quantitative and qualitative results of the original study. The results showed, inter alia, that ICT has a stimulating influence on total passenger transport, for it makes it more cost- and time-efficient (rebound effects). The modeling mechanism used to represent this rebound effect is further investigated in the fourth study, which discusses the feedback loops used to model two types of rebound effects in passenger transport (direct economic rebound and time rebound). Finally, the role of systems thinking and modeling in conceptualizing and communicating the dynamics of rebound effects is examined. The aim of the fifth study was to explore the power of systems modeling and simulation to represent nonlinearities of the complex and dynamic systems examined elsewhere in this thesis. That study reviews previous studies that have compared the SD and AB approaches and models, summarizing their purpose, methodology, and results, based on certain criteria for choosing between SD and AB approaches. The transformation procedure used to develop an AB model for purposes of comparison with an SD model is also explored. In conclusion, first-order or direct environmental effects of ICT production, use, and disposal can be assessed employing an LCA method. This method can also be used to assess second-order or enabling effects by comparing ICT applications with conventional alternatives. However, the assessment of enabling effects can benefit from systems modeling methods, which are able to formally describe the drivers of change, as well as the dynamics of complex social, technical, and environmental systems associated with ICT applications. Such systems methods can also be used to model third-order or rebound effects of efficiency improvements by ICT.
Den ökande produktionen och konsumtionen av produkter och tjänster inom informations- och kommunikationsteknik (IKT) leder till en ökning av den globala elanvändningen samt direkta miljökonsekvenser kopplade till IKT. Men IKT har även indirekta miljömässiga effekter. Dessa kan vara positiva till exempel genom substitutions- och optimeringseffekter eller negativa genom att till exempel ge upphov till ytterligare efterfrågan på grund av effektivisering (så kallade reboundeffekter). Olika metoder kan användas för att modellera och bedöma både direkta och indirekta effekter av IKT. Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka metoder för modellering samt att studera miljöeffekter av IKT och elektronisk media med hjälp av livscykelanalys (LCA) och även modellering av komplexa och dynamiska system, samt simuleringsteknik, så som System Dynamics (SD) och agentbaserad (AB) modellering. Avhandlingen omfattar fem artiklar (artikel I-V). Artikel I & II beskriver resultaten från en fallstudie där miljöeffekter kopplade till en svensk tidskrift studeras med LCA. Tidskriftens version för surfplatta samt motsvarande tryckta version studeras och jämförs. Artikel III går ett steg vidare från produktnivåns LCA. Artikeln återkopplar till en SD simuleringsstudie som ursprungligen genomfördes under 2002. Simuleringsstudien gällde framtida miljöeffekter av IKT i 15 europeiska länder med tidspespektivet 2000-2020. I artikeln valideras tre scenarier från simuleringsstudien med hjälp av nya empiriska data från 2000-2012 och ett nytt scenario modelleras. Kvantitativa och kvalitativa resultat från den ursprungliga studien diskuteras. Till exempel visar artikel III att IKT har en stimulerande effekt på den totala persontrafiken genom att göra den mer kostnads- och tidseffektiv (reboundeffekt). Modelleringsmekanismen som används för att representera denna reboundeffekt diskuteras vidare i artikel IV. Artikeln belyser och diskuterar den återkopplingsslinga (feedback-loop) som används för att modellera två typer av reboundeffekter kopplade till persontrafik (direkt ekonomisk rebound och tidsrelaterad rebound) samt jämför med en tidigare studie. Artikel IV behandlar också den roll systemtänkande och modellering kan spela i konceptualisering och kommunikation av reboundeffekters dynamik. För att ytterligare undersöka systemmodelleringens och simuleringens möjligheter att representera icke-linjära komplexa och dynamiska system (exempel på sådana diskuteras i artikel III och IV), sammanställer artikel V tidigare studier som jämför SD och AB-metoder och -modeller.  Studiernas mål och metod summeras och resultaten med avseende på vilka kriterier som presenteras för att välja mellan SD och AB sammanställs. Även processen för att omvandla en befintlig SD-modell till en AB-modell beskrivs. Avhandlingens slutsats är att LCA och systemmodelleringsmetoder kan vara användbara för att studera IKTs direkta effekter så väl som indirekta effekter på miljön.

QC 20150813

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Pettersen, Johan. "Potentially affected fraction of species from dynamic marine exposure : Life cycle impact assessment of marine ecotoxic impacts from offshore discontinuous discharges." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Industrial Ecology Programme, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1420.

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For any substance that is used and discharged offshore the contractor has to choose the best alternative in relation to the effects of the substance upon discharge. Any environmental impact that the choice might have in other localities related to either processes before the product is used (e.g. raw material extraction and refining), or in the following treatment of byproducts (offshore or on shore) are neglected. Basing the selection of products solely on the potential marine toxicological impact of the substances will systematically prioritize small local improvements to greater improvement potentials in production or internal and external recycling.

Life cycle impact assessment (LCA) is a tool developed for environmental evaluation of entire product systems; that is all processes for from raw material production to the end-of-life treatment of the product. Material input and output streams to the processes are converted to environmental impacts in the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) stage of LCA. Characterization factors are used to quantify the impact within impact groups.

Eco-indicator 99 and the CLM problem oriented approach (CML-POA) are two LCIA methods that include characterization factors for eco-toxic impacts. Both methods use adapted versions of the EUSES/SimpleBox model to simulate the fate of substances, but the methods do not apply the same definition of eco-toxic damage to quantify the relative impact of different substances. Eco-indicator 99 uses the Potentially affected fraction of species (PAF), while CML-POA uses the Risk Characterization Ratio. EUSES/SimpleBox is a multi media steady-state fate model, and concentrations in different environmental media are calculated from annual continuous emissions.

Offshore discharges are distributed in time and space. The resulting concentrations are high compared to the concentration in the total marine volume, and the affected volume is limited. Given the discontinuous properties of exposure from offshore discharges the EUSES/SimpleBox model is not suited to model such emissions.

A method to calculate characterization factors for discontinuous offshore discharges is proposed in this study. The method is based on the PAF as defined in the Eco-indicator 99 method. Changes from the Eco-indicator 99 method are:

• Replacement of the static hazard unit increase with a time integrated function to better describe the time dependant exposure from offshore discharges.

• Replacement of the static total marine volume with the time integrated volume.

The resulting dynamic marine exposure PAF (dme-PAF) is compatible with the ecotoxicity characterization factors in Eco-indicator 99. It is proposed to omit the acute period in the time integrals and only assess the chronic exposure period beginning from day four.

The Dose-related risk and effect assessment model (DREAM) is used to simulate the time variation of offshore discharges. DREAM is used today by Statoil in environmental risk assessments of such discharges. The model is not a multi-media fate model although it includes most of the processes that are part of the EUSES/SimpleBox model. DREAM produces time dependant profiles of discharges. These are used to calculate the time integrals in the dme-PAF method.

Simulations were performed to calculate ecotoxicity characterization factors for glutaraldehyde with the dme-PAF method. The simulations performed show that one of the settings in DREAM will have great influence on the resulting characterization factors, namely the lower concentration limit (LCL). DREAM calculates concentration in cells, and this data is stored and can be extracted in text format. Cells with concentrations below LCL will not be stored and the volume of these cells will be neglected. In order to be able to calculate dme-PAF properly LCL should be set at zero. This will maximize the number of recorded cells. Given the limitations of MS Office Excel other software must be sought to accommodate calculation of dme-PAF.

Dme-PAF will be affected by changes of the mass, concentration or period of the discharge. Ecotoxicity factors therefore should be calculated for different scenarios regarding the location, concentration, mass and period of the discharge.

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Bisinella, de faria Ana barbara. "Development of an integrated approach for wastewater treatment plant optimization based on dynamic modelling and environmental assessment." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0039/document.

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Les stations d’épuration se tournent actuellement vers des installations de récupération d'énergie et des nutriments. Dans le même temps, elles sont soumises à une réglementation de plus en plus stricte en ce qui concerne l'environnement et la santé humaine. Face au défi ambitieux de réduire les coûts d'exploitation et les impacts environnementaux tout en garantissant la robustesse du procédé, il est nécessaire de développer des outils capables de fournir une évaluation intégrée du procédé. L’objectif de ce travail est de développer une plateforme réaliste et prédictive contenant trois aspects: la modélisation rigoureuse et dynamique de l’ensemble de la station d’épuration; l'analyse de cycle de vie aux frontières étendues pour l'évaluation des scénarios et enfin un outil d'optimisation multi-objectif efficace. La plateforme développée pour l'évaluation environnementale couplée à la modélisation dynamique a d'abord été appliquée à plusieurs cas d’étude. Ainsi des résultats de performance et d’impacts environnementaux ont été obtenus pour la séparation de l’urine à la source, la décantation primaire avancée et le traitement de l'urine par nitritation/ oxydation anaérobie de l’ammonium, et d’autres filières. Compte tenu des importants avantages de la séparation de l’urine établis par les résultats précédents, un générateur d’influents phénoménologique, flexible et dynamique a été adapté afin de fournir des données dynamiques réalistes concernant les flux d'urine et des eaux usées dans les différents scénarios de rétention d'urine. Enfin, comme la combinaison complexe de processus biologiques, chimiques et physiques conduit à un problème lourd en calcul, une étude de faisabilité (temps de calcul et fiabilité) a été réalisée sur l'optimisation multi-objectif. L'obtention d'un ensemble de solutions qui évite toute discrimination préalable entre les coûts, l'environnement et les performances ont permis la discussion des enjeux impliqués. Finalement, la plateforme complète a été appliquée à plusieurs cas d’étude et clarifie les aspects opérationnels des options plus durables en matière de gestion et de traitement des eaux usées
Wastewater treatment plants are moving towards energy and nutrients recovery facilities. Simultaneously, they are submitted to stricter regulation with respect to environment and human health. Facing the great challenge of reducing operational costs along with the reduction of environmental impacts and the guaranty of plants robustness, tools might be developed in order to provide an integrated assessment. The goal of this work is to develop a reliable and predictive framework containing rigorous dynamic wide-plant modelling, extended boundaries life cycle assessment for scenarios evaluation and an efficient multi-objective optimization tool. The developed framework for environmental evaluation coupled to dynamic modelling was initially applied to several case studies including urine source separation, enhanced primary clarification and urine treatment by nitritation/ anaerobic ammonium oxidation, offering both performance results and environmental hotspots. Given the important benefits of the urine source separation provided by the previous results, a flexible and dynamic phenomenological influent generator was adapted in order to provide realistic dynamic data concerning urine and wastewater streams in different urine retention scenarios. Finally, as the complex combination of biological, chemical and physical processes leads to a computational expensive problem, a feasibility study (computational time and reliability) on the multi-objective optimization was conducted. Obtaining a set of solutions that avoids any prior discrimination among costs, environment and performance allowed thus the discussion of the involved trade-offs. Finally, the complete framework was applied to several case studies lightening on operational aspects of more sustainable options on wastewater management and treatment
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Purushotham, Vineeth. "Dynamic Life Cycle Costing." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102785.

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Maintenance is an extremely important issue in the industry. Testimony to this fact is that European companies spend about 140 billion euro per year on maintenance activities. In Sweden alone, the annual cost of maintenance and related activities reaches 250 billion crowns and these costs are the costs incurred when maintenance jobs are performed and does not include the consequences of poor maintenance with which the costs would be significantly higher. The new paradigm in the manufacturing sector identifies utilization of production resources as a main competitive weapon. To meet the high demands of the industry like high efficiency, enhanced customization and high speed of delivery, a much higher operational availability and capability of production systems have to be achieved. In this context, maintenance becomes an important strategic issue. The objectives of this study are to develop a dynamic LCC model supporting decision making in the early stages of investment and production development process allowing estimating and optimizing life cycle costs of production equipment including maintenance considerations. It will give the concerned stakeholders a better chance of estimating the whole life cycle costs and select proper design alternative for new investments. It can be used as a tool for the justification of investment in Condition Based Maintenance technologies which is underestimated in present calculation models.
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Laratte, Bertrand. "Evaluation dynamique et cumulative des impacts environnementaux dans le cadre d'une analyse de cycle de vie." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0033/document.

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Les méthodes d’évaluation environnementale sont de plus en plus utilisées pour mieux apprécier les impacts environnementaux générés par les activités humaines (produits, services, systèmes). L’analyse de cycle de vie (ACV) est sans doute la méthode d’évaluation la plus répandue. Elle est aussi souvent considérée comme la plus avancée, bien qu’elle comporte de sérieuses limites (elle n’intègre pas de réels indicateurs économiques ou sociaux, par exemple). Dans cette thèse de doctorat, j’examine plus particulièrement la problématique de l’intégration du temps dans les modèles d’inventaire et les calculs d’impact tout au long du cycle de vie. J’y présente une évolution de la méthodologie d’ACV traditionnelle pour le cas du réchauffement climatique, qui incorpore des aspects dynamiques et cumulatifs exprimés directement en équivalent-CO2. Cette perspective orientée vers une meilleure prise en compte dans les pratiques de reporting et/ou les politiques publiques est ensuite déclinée sur trois cas d’application de complexité croissante pour l’analyse. L’hypothèse centrale de ce travail est que le passage d’une ACV traditionnelle à une ACV dite « dynamique » permettrait d’obtenir des résultats d’évaluation d’impacts plus proches de la réalité des phénomènes environnementaux
Environmental impact assessment methods are now widely used in order to measure environmental impacts associated with human activities (for products, services, and systems). Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is without doubt the foremost assessment method. LCA is also often thought of as the more advanced one, despite serious limitations (e.g. LCA does not include properly economical or social dimensions). In this PhD report, I explore more specifically the issue of integrating time in both inventory models and impact assessments along the life-cycle. In the case of climate change, I offer an evolution of traditional LCA towards a framework that includes dynamic and cumulative aspects as expressed directly in CO2-equivalent. This approach, which is oriented towards reporting practices and/or public policies, is afterwards applied to three different case studies of growing complexity. The central hypothesis of this work is that switching from traditional to so-called “dynamic” LCA would allow for better results with regards to one reality of environmental processes
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Emblemsvåg, Jan. "Activity-based life-cycle assessments in design and management." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32855.

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Demou, Evangelia. "Nanoparticles and solvents : exposure, risk and life-cycle-assessments in occupational settings /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18189.

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Books on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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1956-, Gonzales Daniel, United States Air Force, and Project Air Force (U.S.), eds. Life cycle cost assessments for military transatmospheric vehicles. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 1997.

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Andrae, A. S. G. Global Life Cycle Impact Assessments of Material Shifts. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-661-8.

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Brankatschk, Gerhard. Modeling Crop Rotations and Co-Products in Agricultural Life Cycle Assessments. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23588-8.

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Jane, Falkingham, and Hills John 1954-, eds. The dynamic of welfare: The welfare state and the life cycle. New York: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995.

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Harding, R. R. The multi-disciplinary design study: A life cycle cost algorithm. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1988.

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Global life cycle impact assessments of material shifts: The example of a lead-free electronics industry. London: Springer, 2010.

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Greenstein, Shane M. Dynamic modeling of the product life cycle in the commercial mainframe computer market, 1968-1982. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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L, Robertson Paul, and NetLibrary Inc, eds. Firms, markets, and economic change: A dynamic theory of business institutions. London: Routledge, 2002.

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Cameron, Stephen V. Life cycle schooling and dynamic selection bias: Models and evidence for five cohorts of American males. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Langlois, Richard N. Firms, markets and economic change: Dynamic theory of business institutions. London: Routledge, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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Boyd, Sarah B. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Dynamic Random Access Memory." In Life-Cycle Assessment of Semiconductors, 97–107. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9988-7_7.

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Jaeger, Florian Ansgar, Cornelia Sonntag, Jörn Hartung, and Katrin Müller. "Dynamic and Localized LCA Information Supports the Transition of Complex Systems to a More Sustainable Manner Such as Energy and Transport Systems." In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 61–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_6.

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AbstractThe paper gives a snapshot of the potential of LCA (life cycle assessment) data-based optimizations in control systems. The environmental burden of existing infrastructure can be significantly reduced during use phase. Four Siemens’ applications in different fields with different lead indicators show how LCA assessments can be adapted to fulfil the requirements of such applications. The applications are power and air quality management use cases in the field of eMobility, building management, industrial process control and traffic management. The main methodological challenge solved is the provision of the necessary temporal and special resolution, as well as forecasting of parameters for scheduling of processes.
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Dakhili, K., T. Kebig, M. Schäfer, S. Maas, M. Bender, and A. Zürbes. "Bridge damage assessment based on static and dynamic flexibility matrices." In Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle, Resilience and Sustainability, 316–23. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322641-35.

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Bayat, E., and F. Tubino. "Dynamic characterization and vibration serviceability assessment of a historic suspension footbridge." In Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle, Resilience and Sustainability, 665–73. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322641-80.

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Fu, Kunwu, Anita Wing Yi Ho-Baillie, Hemant Kumar Mulmudi, and Pham Thi Thu Trang. "Life Cycle Assessments." In Perovskite Solar Cells, 285–96. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469749-22.

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Wang, Na, Dan Chong, and Xiang Fei. "Comparing Global Warming Impact of Asphalt Pavement Preservation at Maintenance and Use Stages Using Dynamic Life-Cycle Assessment." In Lecture Notes in Operations Research, 513–22. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5256-2_41.

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Westkämper, Engelbert, and Andreas Friedel. "Environment-oriented Assessments for the Life Cycle Engineering." In Life Cycle Networks, 264–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6381-5_22.

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Lockie, Sean. "Life Cycle Costing and Sustainability Assessments." In Design Economics for the Built Environment, 262–83. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118944790.ch19.

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Nissen, N. F., H. Griese, A. Middendorf, J. Müller, H. Pötter, and H. Reichl. "Comparison of simplified environmental assessments versus full life cycle assessment (LCA) for the electronics designer." In Life Cycle Networks, 301–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6381-5_25.

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Bednarz, Andreas, Julia Beier, Thomas Grünenwald, Birgit Himmelreich, Bärbel Hundt, Florian A. Jaeger, Martin Kirchner, et al. "Life Cycle Management in Industry—Supporting Business with Life Cycle Based Assessments." In Designing Sustainable Technologies, Products and Policies, 351–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66981-6_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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HU, Ming. "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment Integrating Cultural Value." In 7th International Building Physics Conference. Syracuse, New York: International Association of Building Physics (IABP), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14305/ibpc.2018.ms-1.02.

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Megange, Patrice, Pierre Ngae, Amir-Ali Feiz, Ahmed Melhaoui, Amer Chpoun, and Thien-Phu Le. "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment of a Double Glazing Bay." In 2018 6th International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irsec.2018.8702852.

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Russell-Smith, Sarah, and Michael Lepech. "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment of Building Design and Retrofit Processes." In International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41182(416)94.

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Collinge, William O., Liang Liao, Haifeng Xu, Christi L. Saunders, Melissa M. Bilec, Amy E. Landis, Alex K. Jones, and Laura A. Schaefer. "Enabling dynamic life cycle assessment of buildings with wireless sensor networks." In 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issst.2011.5936846.

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Reap, John, Bert Bras, Patrick J. Newcomb, and Carol Carmichael. "Improving Life Cycle Assessment by Including Spatial, Dynamic and Place-Based Modeling." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dfm-48140.

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Drawing from the substantial body of literature on life cycle assessment / analysis (LCA), the article summarizes the methodology’s limitations and failings, discusses some proposed improvements and suggests an additional improvement. After describing the LCA methodology within the context of ISO guidelines, the article summaries the limitations and failings inherent in the method’s life cycle inventory and impact assessment phases. The article then discusses improvements meant to overcome problems related to lumped parameter, static, site-independent modeling. Finally, the article suggests a remedy for some of the problems with LCA. Linking industrial models with spatially explicit, dynamic and site-specific ecosystem models is suggested as a means of improving the impact assessment phase of LCA.
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Bouchenot, Thomas, Kirtan Patel, Ali P. Gordon, and Sachin Shinde. "Life Prediction Modeling of Combined High-Cycle Fatigue and Creep." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14495.

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Abstract Industrial gas turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures and an array of mechanical and dynamic loads, making creep and high-cycle fatigue critical aspects of turbine blade design. The combination of creep and high-cycle fatigue produces a synergistic interaction effect whose explicit consequence to turbine life has been the subject of very little research. This interaction remains unaccounted for by current, decoupled life prediction models, which traditionally incorporate such interactions into conservative design safety factors. Improved lifing models capable of capturing these effects are now needed in order to maintain current reliability standards in next-generation operating conditions. This research identifies the life-limiting aspect of a combined high-cycle fatigue and creep response in conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC, and captures the interaction of the two loads in a novel life prediction model. The proposed model is created from a comprehensive collection of experimental data obtained using an unconventional two-part test method, where test specimens pre-deformed to a prescribed creep strain are fatigue loaded at an elevated temperature and high frequency until failure. A variety of temperatures, creep strains, and fatigue loading conditions are explored to ensure that the resulting model is applicable to the myriad of potential turbine blade operating conditions. Rigorous metallographic assessments accompanying each test are leveraged to create a microstructurally-informed combined life prediction model.
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Collinge, W. O., A. E. Landis, A. K. Jones, L. A. Schaefer, and M. M. Bilec. "Integrating Indoor environmental quality metrics in a dynamic life cycle assessment framework for buildings." In 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issst.2012.6227992.

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Heggen, Hans Olav, Joe Bratton, David Kemp, Jun Liu, and Jason Austin. "Fitness for Service of Dents Associated With Metal Loss due to Corrosion." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33646.

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Current federal regulations in the U.S. require excavation of all dents associated with metal loss due to corrosion identified through in line inspection surveys. Once a dent has been found to be associated with metal loss through excavation, there is little guidance to determine the serviceability of the anomaly. Past research has provided methodologies to assess the fatigue life of plain dents, considering the shape of the dent, but there are no widely accepted assessment methodologies to predict the effect of associated metal loss due to corrosion on the fatigue life of dents. This paper focuses on the fitness for service of dents associated with metal loss, particularly corrosion in dents. Currently, fitness for service assessments of plain dents provide an estimated remaining life of a dent based on the geometry of the dent and current pressure cycling of the pipeline. Dynamic pressure cycling at each dent location is estimated using the upstream and downstream pressure cycle data, elevation, and distance along the pipe. The dynamic pressure cycle data at each dent is then converted into equivalent stress cycles based on the results of rainflow cycle counting. Finite element analysis (FEA) of a dent without metal loss and with metal loss is performed to compare the maximum stress concentration areas. The FEA program Abaqus is used with solid elements to model the dents. The differences between maximum stress concentration areas is compared for a matrix of extent of metal loss, and orientation of metal loss to analyze the general effect of metal loss and the interaction of metal loss in a dent. The stress concentration areas of dents without metal loss and with metal loss are then applied to current fatigue assessment methodologies provided in API 579 to analyze the effect of metal loss on the fatigue life of dents.
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Maayan Tardif, Jalomi, Vasco Medici, and Pierryves Padey. "Dynamic life cycle assessment of electricity demand of buildings with storage systems – potential for environmental impact mitigation." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30144.

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Cheah, Lynette W. "Materials flow analysis and dynamic life-cycle assessment of lightweight automotive materials in the U.S. passenger vehicle fleet." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issst.2009.5156692.

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Reports on the topic "Dynamic Life Cycle Assessments"

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Frischknecht, Rolf, Rene Itten, Parikhit Sinha, Mariska de Wild-Scholten, Jia Zhang, Garvin A. Heath, and Carol Olson. Life Cycle Inventories and Life Cycle Assessments of Photovoltaic Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561526.

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Jensen, Melanie, Steven Schlasner, Kerryanne Leroux, Charles Gorecki, and Nicholas Azzolina. Comparison of Non-EOR and EOR Life Cycle Assessments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874451.

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Mandelbaum, Jay. Identifying and Assessing Life-Cycle-Related Critical Technology Elements (CTEs) for Technology Readiness Assessments (TRAs). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada465212.

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Cameron, Stephen, and James Heckman. Life Cycle Schooling and Dynamic Selection Bias: Models and Evidence for Five Cohorts. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6385.

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Greenstein, Shane, and James Wade. Dynamic Modeling of the Product Life Cycle in the Commercial Mainframe Computer Market, 1968-1982. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6124.

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Gilleskie, Donna, Euna Han, and Edward Norton. Disentangling the Contemporaneous and Dynamic Effects of Human and Health Capital on Wages over the Life Cycle. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22430.

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Qu, Deyang. Developing an In-situ Formed Dynamic Protection Layer to Mitigate Lithium Interface Shifting: Preventing Dendrite Formation on Metallic Lithium Surface to Facilitate Long Cycle Life of Lithium Solid-State Batteries. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1907035.

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Calahorra-Jimenez, Maria. Contracting Strategies: A Different Approach to Address Long-term Performance. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2130.

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For cost-efficiency, public safety, and sustainability, improving long-term performance in highway projects is imperative for public administrations. Project delivery and procurement methods provide an opportunity to align design and construction processes with this goal. While previous studies have explored whether project delivery methods impact the long-term performance of highway projects, these studies did not focus on how core elements within project procurement relate to long-term performance. Thus, to fill this gap, this research explores how and to what extent long-term evaluation criteria are considered in design-build best-value procurement of highway projects. To this end, the team conducted content analysis on 100 projects procured between 2009 and 2019 by 19 DOTs across the U.S. The analysis of 365 evaluation criteria found that (1) roughly 11% of them related to long-term performance. (2) The weight given to these criteria in the overall technical proposal was lower than 30%. (3) Sixty-five percent (65%) of long-term evaluation criteria focused on design while 15% related to materials and technology, respectively. The results of this study are a stepping stone to initiate a deep exploration of the relationship between procurement practices and actual project performance. Currently, as sustainability and life cycle assessments remain top concerns in infrastructure projects, this line of research may benefit DOTs and highway agencies across the U.S. and worldwide.
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Calahorra-Jimenez, Maria. Contracting Strategies: A Different Approach to Address Long-term Performance. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2130.

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For cost-efficiency, public safety, and sustainability, improving long-term performance in highway projects is imperative for public administrations. Project delivery and procurement methods provide an opportunity to align design and construction processes with this goal. While previous studies have explored whether project delivery methods impact the long-term performance of highway projects, these studies did not focus on how core elements within project procurement relate to long-term performance. Thus, to fill this gap, this research explores how and to what extent long-term evaluation criteria are considered in design-build best-value procurement of highway projects. To this end, the team conducted content analysis on 100 projects procured between 2009 and 2019 by 19 DOTs across the U.S. The analysis of 365 evaluation criteria found that (1) roughly 11% of them related to long-term performance. (2) The weight given to these criteria in the overall technical proposal was lower than 30%. (3) Sixty-five percent (65%) of long-term evaluation criteria focused on design while 15% related to materials and technology, respectively. The results of this study are a stepping stone to initiate a deep exploration of the relationship between procurement practices and actual project performance. Currently, as sustainability and life cycle assessments remain top concerns in infrastructure projects, this line of research may benefit DOTs and highway agencies across the U.S. and worldwide.
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Jung, Carina, Matthew Carr, Denise Lindsay, Eric Fleischman, and Chandler Roesch. Microbiome perturbations during domestication of the green June beetle (Cotinis nitida). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43342.

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Animal-associated microbiomes are critical to the well-being and proper functioning of the animal host, but only limited studies have examined in-sect microbiomes across different developmental stages. These studies revealed large shifts in microbiome communities, often because of significant shifts in diet during insects’ life cycle. Establishing insect colonies as model laboratory organisms and understanding how to properly feed and care for animals with complex and dynamic life cycles requires improved data. This study examined laboratory raised green June beetles (Cotinis nitida) captured from the field upon emergence from pupae. Starting with wild-caught adults, two generations of beetles were reared in the laboratory, ending with an entirely laboratory raised generation of larvae. The study compared the microbiomes of each generation and the microbiomes of larvae to adults. This study suggests that a diet of commercial, washed fruit for adults and commercial, packaged, organic alfalfa meal for larvae resulted in depauperate gut microbiome communities. Fermentative yeasts were completely absent in the laboratory-raised adults, and major bacterial population shifts occurred from one generation to the next, coupled with high morbidity and mortality in the laboratory-raised generation. Providing laboratory-raised beetles fresh-collected fruit and the larvae field-harvested detritus may therefore vastly improve their health and survival.
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