Journal articles on the topic 'Dynamic daylighting simulation'
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Wilder, Robin, Jaya Mukhopadhyay, Tom Femrite, and Kevin Amende. "EVALUATING GLARE IN LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS TO INFORM CRITERIA FOR DAYLIGHTING CREDITS." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 4 (September 2019): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.4.57.
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Extensive documentation has been developed to support the benefits of daylight for building occupants. Recently, the high performance building industry has shown a trend towards prioritizing better daylighting conditions. In response to this trend, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system now addresses daylighting and views as one of the criteria for compliance. However, effective daylighting has its challenges—most importantly addressing the issue of glare. This paper discusses the issue of glare and its relationship with requirements for effective daylighting within the criteria of the LEED rating system. In this study, a LEED certified building on Montana State University's campus was considered as a case study. This paper conducts an analysis by comparing the results obtained from compliance procedures for LEED with independent evaluations of glare using simulation and post occupancy evaluation surveys. This paper concludes that the ‘illuminance simulation’ option provided in the current version of LEED (LEED v4) for compliance does not adequately address the issue of glare. This paper provides recommendations to improve the LEED rating system for indoor environmental quality which include: the incorporation of glare assessment in the evaluation procedures of daylighting and views; the use of dynamic simulations that incorporate climatic conditions in the evaluation of daylighting; and evaluating glare in early stages of design by using simulation tools.
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Garcia, Marina Da Silva, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves de Souza, Maíra Louise Martins de Freitas, and Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso. "Integrating daylight simulation in the design process: comparative analysis between two computational platforms." Gestão & Tecnologia de Projetos 15, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/gtp.v15i2.161997.
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Daylighting presents an important role for high performance buildings. Currently, Building Information Modeling (BIM) has excelled in the Architecture and Engineering (A&E) industry as a collaboration and information exchange methodology that generates integrated computational models. Simulation plug-ins for BIM tools capable of performing daylighting simulations in a semi-automated way have been developed, thus presenting a more simplified simulation process and favoring the adoption of performance analysis since initial design stages; being a little explored subject. This article aims to investigate the Insight plug-in for Revit, focusing on its daylighting features. The workflow, input-output structure and results of Insight dynamic (sDA) and static (illuminance levels) daylighting metrics were analyzed, comparatively to the plug-in DIVA-for-Rhino, which simulation engines were considered validated by literature. Simulations on both software used the same model of a reference office space for the city of Belo Horizonte. Results indicate that Insight’s favors the daylighting analysis in the initial phases of the design process and allows the verification of code compliances, however determining materials optical properties presents some degree of complexity. Low sensitivity to glasses with low and medium values of light transmittance was noticed in the case study. Evidence of consideration of internal reflections of light rays (ambient bounces) close to 7 may leed to overestimated results in the case of low complexity models. This study intends to contribute to the understanding of the potentials and limitations of both analyzed tools, especially in regard to the specificities of BIM daylight simulation with Insight.
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Zhao, Zhong Chao. "The Analysis of Annual Dynamic Effective Daylighting on High-Rise Office Building in Jinan." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 1343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.1343.
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Make full use of natural light is the best way to realize building lighting energy saving. More application value data can be got from the annual dynamic perspective to analysize office building daylighting. This paper first introduces the international new daylighting evaluation standard and related research tool. And then through the computer simulation method to calculate the UDI value of three kinds of sunshade scenes in different toward room. Finally, on the basis of comparison of UDI to different scenes, this paper finds that south, east and west to the room can get wider effective daylighting area by using dynamic curtain.
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Magri Elouadjeri, Sahar, Aicha Boussoualim, and Hassan Ait Haddou. "Evaluating the Effect of External Horizontal Fixed Shading Devices’ Geometry on Internal Air Temperature, Daylighting and Energy Demand in Hot Dry Climate. Case Study of Ghardaïa, Algeria." Buildings 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080348.
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The present study investigates the effect of fixed external shading devices’ geometry on thermal comfort, daylighting and energy demand for cooling and heating in the hot and dry climate of the city of Ghardaïa (Algeria). A parametric analysis was performed by using three software: RADIANCE 2.0 and DAYSIM 3.1 for daylighting simulation and TRNSYS.17 for thermal dynamic simulation. Three shading device parameters were assessed: the spacing between slats, the tilted angle and the slats installation. The vertical shading angle “VSA” is fixed; it is equal to the optimum shading angle measured for Ghardaïa. The simulation results indicate that fixed external shading devices have a significant impact on decreasing the energy demand for cooling; however, they are unable to reduce the total energy demand since they significantly increase heating loads. It was found that fixed external shading devices remove all risks associated with glare in summer by decreasing illuminance close to the window; however, they do not improve daylighting performance in winter because of glare. We note that even if the vertical shading angle “VSA” was the same for all cases, these did not present the same thermal and luminous behavior. This is mainly due to the amount and the way that the solar radiation penetrates space.
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Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad, Tareef Hayat Khan, and Amin Mohammadi. "Adjustable Internal Shading for Home Office Daylighting in Tropical Climates." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 16, no. 6 (December 21, 2021): 609–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160601.
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Home-based workspaces have considerably increased all over the world. Besides, the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 disease forced many people to work from their homes. However, existing residential apartment buildings (ERABs) had been designed for accommodation but not for office works. Low-quality visual environments in ERABs, which have no shading controls on their windows, are evident in tropical climates with extremely high solar radiation. Thus, interior retrofit is significant to provide visual comfort for users in ERABs with low flexibility for modification of their facades. Different interior design variables were simulated by the Radiance-based program to analyse daylighting in a closed-plan room. Before the simulation experiments, field measurement of daylight was performed under a tropical sky to validate the results, and the findings revealed significant Pearson correlations. This paper showed that ERABs are confronting extremely high indoor daylight quantity, up to 10,228 lx, and low quality with intolerable glare. An adjustable model of internal shading, including an integrated Venetian blind with a horizontal light shelf and the window films, was proposed to improve quantitative and qualitative performances of daylighting in tropical regions. This dynamic model could be adjusted to various positions based on daylighting conditions in the buildings. By comparing the simulation results of this model with the base model, indoor illuminance levels could successfully reduce from 32% to 86%; Illuminance Uniformity Ratio (IUR) and Target Daylight Illuminance (TDI) significantly improved up to 180% and 300%, respectively; Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) and CIE Glare Index (CGI) changed from intolerable to imperceptible status. Accordingly, the proposed model can considerably improve daylight quantity and quality in the test room during different times. This study concludes that the dynamic model of internal shadings could provide efficient daylighting, by decreasing the extremely high indoor illuminance and glare in the ERABs in tropical climates.
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Yılmaz, Feride Şener. "EVALUATION OF DAYLIGHT PROVISION AND DAYLIGHT GLARE PROBABILITY FOR DIVERSE WORKSPACE CONFIGURATIONS." Journal of Green Building 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 199–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.17.1.199.
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ABSTRACTS Office environments can be integrated with particular workspace configurations owing to diverse tasks encountered in these workspaces. This study attempts to discern how effective different office workstation configurations are on daylight performance and tries to quantify this effect by means of a dynamic daylight simulation based approach, depending on the criteria addressed in EN 17037:2018 Standard. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of workstation configurations on daylight provision and glare protection in workspaces through several configuration setups. In this study, climate based daylight metrics are used for daylight performance determination and assessment of discomfort glare caused by daylighting is performed by Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) index. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of research in the scope of EN 17037:2018 for daylighting in office environments and the obtained results represent the significance of daylighting and visual comfort conditions for diverse workstation configurations.
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Yılmaz, Feride Şener. "EVALUATION OF DAYLIGHT PROVISION AND DAYLIGHT GLARE PROBABILITY FOR DIVERSE WORKSPACE CONFIGURATIONS." Journal of Green Building 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 199–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.1.199.
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ABSTRACTS Office environments can be integrated with particular workspace configurations owing to diverse tasks encountered in these workspaces. This study attempts to discern how effective different office workstation configurations are on daylight performance and tries to quantify this effect by means of a dynamic daylight simulation based approach, depending on the criteria addressed in EN 17037:2018 Standard. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of workstation configurations on daylight provision and glare protection in workspaces through several configuration setups. In this study, climate based daylight metrics are used for daylight performance determination and assessment of discomfort glare caused by daylighting is performed by Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) index. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of research in the scope of EN 17037:2018 for daylighting in office environments and the obtained results represent the significance of daylighting and visual comfort conditions for diverse workstation configurations.
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Achsani, Rizky Amalia, Angela Upitya Paramitasari, Marisa Sugangga, Surjamanto Wonorahardjo, and Sugeng Triyadi. "Optimization of Daylighting Outdoor Availability in Urban Kampung." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1058, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1058/1/012006.
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Abstract Liveability interprets as making residents comfortable in their built environment. As daylighting becomes a necessity for human beings, daylight availability can improve the liveability of dwelling habitats, especially in high-density urban areas. Relayouting the building block without reducing the usable floor area can improve daylight availability. Kampung Braga is an example of how a heavy slum area has a low liveability quality and classifies into impoverished slum settlements at the stake of being resettled. The spatial arrangement becomes necessary to enhance the community’s quality of life. This article aims to examine how the intervention through urban layout can affect daylight availability to improve the liveability for kampung Braga. This research uses simulation methods with climate-based daylight modelling (CBDM) software to simulate daylighting with a dynamic approach. Rhinoceros for modelling, Honeybee for vertical sky component (VSC) simulation, and DIVA for daylight availability simulation. Based on the simulation on three alternative urban layouts in line with spatial plan context, it is shown that intervention through urban layout and typology of kampung Braga has shown better VSC and daylight availability values than the existing conditions. It is necessary to pay attention to the context of the building around the site when designing a specific building typology. Modifying configuration, floor height, model, and orientation show a better VSC reception and vertical facade illumination. City stakeholders need to be aware of the low liveability of the urban kampung. Planning the right urban plan design can improve daylighting availability and increase the liveability of the urban kampung.
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Hiyama, Kyosuke, and Liwei Wen. "Rapid response surface creation method to optimize window geometry using dynamic daylighting simulation and energy simulation." Energy and Buildings 107 (November 2015): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.08.035.
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Zhao, Yang, and Hongyuan Mei. "Dynamic simulation and analysis of daylighting factors for gymnasiums in mid-latitude China." Building and Environment 63 (May 2013): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.12.015.
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Pouyanmehr, Mina, Peiman Pilechiha, Umberto Berardi, and Phillippa Carnemolla. "External shading form-finding: simulating daylighting and dynamic view access assessment." Journal of Building Performance Simulation 15, no. 3 (April 6, 2022): 398–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2022.2058089.
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Liu, Tong, and Xin Zhang. "Dynamic simulation on eye exposure of in-vehicle daylighting in urban environments of China." Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 16 (December 2022): 100727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2022.100727.
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Dalumo, David B., and Yaik-Wah Lim. "Comparative Study on Computer Simulation of Solar Shading Performance with Heliodon and Artificial Sky." Journal of Daylighting 8, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15627/jd.2021.4.
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Current technological advancement and the requirement for sustainability-driven practices has birthed increased demands for accuracy in performance and assessment of energy consumption in the built environment. Energy-efficient and sustainable building projects are to large extents dependent on achieving functional solar shading and sufficient daylighting in building interiors. Hence, the understanding and adequate evaluation of the sun and its dynamic influence on buildings right at the early stage of planning and design is essential for the development of performance-driven building designs. In this study, the performance simulation results of Integrated Environmental Solutions <Virtual Environment> software program modules are examined for accuracy in executing performance analysis of solar shading. This study assesses the shading prediction of Suncast; a virtual solar shading calculation tool, and RadianceIES for measuring daylight availability in a tropical climate region. The evaluation of shading performance with Suncast was validated through physical experiment by comparing the results obtained therein with shading analysis outcomes generated on a scale model with the aid of a heliodon. Likewise, RadianceIES daylighting simulations were compared with measurements realised from an artificial sky simulator. The results were further subjected to correlation tests to determine the relationship between simulation and physical experiment results. The computational evaluation approach presented more efficient means of conducting the performance simulations over the physical experiment methods which were limited by mechanical design of the components. Suncast and RadianceIES simulation results presented comparable equivalence with measurement output acquired from the heliodon and artificial sky respectively, with minimal variations in accuracy. Thus, demonstrating the ability of the computational simulation program in accurately predicting solar shading and daylight performance in buildings, this could benefit architects in the proper and efficient design of shading devices for building facades at early design stages.
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Ho, JCK, E. Ng, and PW Chan. "Predicting the hourly Hong Kong representative sky from Typical Meteorological Year data for dynamic daylighting simulation." Lighting Research & Technology 47, no. 6 (August 17, 2014): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153514545905.
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Hariyanto, Livia, Feny Elsiana, and Danny Santoso Mintorogo. "STUDY OF HORIZONTAL LIGHT PIPE WITH DYNAMIC REFLECTOR IN THE TROPICS." DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment) 49, no. 1 (July 28, 2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/dimensi.49.1.75-86.
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Horizontal light pipe (HLP) is a sustainable strategy for improving daylighting quality in buildings. The reflector is one of the HLP elements that collect and direct the incoming light in the pipe. Several reflector studies of HLP systems have been carried out in the last three decades under specific sunlight conditions at certain altitudes and azimuths or static conditions. This study proposes a dynamic reflector model in response to the movement of the sun angle. This study aimed to examine the impact of the dynamic reflector tilt angle on improving the quality of light by adapting the sun angle. The method used is an experimental simulation using IESVE software. This research is located in Surabaya, with a tropics climate. The results showed that modifying the reflector to be dynamic could increase the illuminance levels up to 29.9%, daylight factor values up to 29.2%, and uniformity ratio values up to 33.3%.
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Du, Jiangtao, and Steve Sharples. "A Dynamic Analysis Of The Impact Of Air Pollution On The daylight Availability In An Open-plan Office In London." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2021 (February 2021): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2020-064.
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The deposition of air pollutants on glazing can significantly affect the daylight transmittance of building fenestration systems in urban areas. This study presents a simulation analysis of the impact of air pollution and glazing visual transmittance on indoor daylight availability in an open-plan office in London. First, the direct links between glazing visual transmittance and daylighting conditions were developed and assessed. Second, several simple algorithms were established to estimate the loss of daylight availability due to the pollutant deposition at the external surface of vertical glazing. Finally, some conclusions and design strategies to support facade planning at the early design stage of an urban building project were developed.
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Cengiz, Mehmet Sait. "HumanCentered Architectural Illumination Design In Prisons." Light & Engineering, no. 02-2022 (April 2022): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2021-082.
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If illumination is used correctly in architectural designs, it makes positive contributions to human health. Electric lighting can contribute to human health in environments where there are architectural restrictions and daylight is not sufficiently used (for example, in prisons). In this study, the illuminance level from the sun was simulated with dynamic electric lighting. By using direct, semidirect, and diffused illumination, human centric lighting concept can be used in environments where daylighting is not sufficiently used. In this way, illumination suitable for human biology was made with lowcost dynamic electric lighting arrangement without changing the architectural design. In this study, equivalent melanopic illuminance values in WELL standards in the concept of human centric lighting are provided in a simulation environment for different illumination types in a prison environment.
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Hosseini, Seyed Morteza, Fodil Fadli, and Masi Mohammadi. "Biomimetic Kinetic Shading Facade Inspired by Tree Morphology for Improving Occupant’s Daylight Performance." Journal of Daylighting 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15627/jd.2021.5.
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Many recent studies in the field of the kinetic façade developed the grid-based modular forms through primary kinetic movements which are restricted in the simple shapes. However, learning from biological analogies reveals that plants and trees provide adjustable daylighting strategies by means of multilayered and curvature morphological changes. This research builds on a relevant literature study, observation, biomimicry morphological approach (top-down), and parametric daylighting simulation to develop a multilayered biomimetic kinetic façade form, inspired by tree morphology to improve occupants’ daylight performance. The first part of the research uses a literature review to explore how biomimicry influences the kinetic façade’s functions. Then, the study applies the biomimicry morphological approach to extract the formal strategies of tress due to dynamic daylight. Concerning functional convergence, the biomimicry principles are translated to the kinetic façade form configuration and movements. The extracted forms and movements are translated into the design solutions for the kinetic façade resulting in the flexible form by using intersected-multilayered skin and kinetic vectors with curvature movements. The comprehensive annual climate-based metrics and luminance-based metric simulation (625 alternatives) confirm the high performance of the bio-inspired complex kinetic façade for improving occupants’ daylight performance and preventing visual discomfort in comparison with the simple plain window as the base case. The kinetic façade provides daylight performance improvement, especially the best case achieves spatial Daylight Autonomy, Useful Daylight Illuminance, and Exceed Useful Daylight Illuminance of 50.6, 85.5, 7.55 respectively.
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De Luca, Francesco, Raimo Simson, Hendrik Voll, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Daylighting and energy performance design for single floor commercial hall buildings." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 29, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 722–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-10-2017-0110.
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Purpose Electric lighting accounts for a large share of energy consumption in commercial buildings. Utilization of daylight can significantly help to reduce the need for artificial lighting, increase workers productivity, customers’ satisfaction and consequently improve sales. However, excessive use of glazing and absence of lighting controls can contribute greatly to higher energy need for heating and cooling and cause undesired glare effects. Thus, optimizing the size, position and materials of external glazing, with the addition of deflectors and dynamic artificial lighting, can become key aspects in the design of sustainable low energy buildings. The purpose of this paper is to analyze daylight potential and energy performance of a hall-type commercial building, situated in the cold climate of Finland, by utilizing different combinations of skylights, windows and lighting controls. Design/methodology/approach The authors have used computer simulations to estimate daylight and energy performance of a single floor commercial building in relation to various combinations of skylights and windows with variable glazing materials, light deflectors and zonal lighting controls. Findings The results show that electric light energy saving potential ranges from a negligible 1.9 percent to a significant 58.6 percent in the case of glass skylights and wall windows using multi-zone lighting control. Total delivered energy ranges between increase of 1.5 and 21.2 percent in the cases with single zone lighting control and between decrease of 4.5 percent and increase of 4.5 percent in the cases with multi-zone control. The highest decrease in primary energy consumption was 2.2 percent for single zone and 17.6 percent for multi-zone lighting control. The research underlines the significant potential of electric light energy savings using daylighting strategies that, including the control of direct solar access for glare and internal gains, can be more than 50 percent. Originality/value This research combines accurate daylight and energy assessment for commercial hall buildings based in cold climate region with multiple design variations. The novelty of this work is the consideration of interior elements, shelves and deflectors, in the calculations. This is made possible through the combined use of validated simulation platforms for detailed annual daylighting and electric lighting calculation (Radiance and Daysim) and energy analysis (IDA-ICE, Equa Simulation AB). This method allows to obtain a reliable assessment of the potential of using natural light sources in buildings.
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Dabe, Trupti J., and Alpana R. Dongre. "Analysis of performance of the daylight into critical liveable area of ‘type design’ dwelling unit on the basis of daylight metrics for hot and dry climate." Indoor and Built Environment 27, no. 1 (September 20, 2016): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16669844.
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Daylighting integrated with artificial lighting control is recognized as an important and useful strategy in energy-efficient building designs. The prediction of the internal daylight levels is a key stage in daylighting designs. For this research, the ‘type design’ residential quarters building as a case has been selected from Nagpur region in central India having a hot and dry climate. These ‘type design’ have the major issues related to the performance of daylight and thermal comfort due to lack of some rules related to sizes of fenestrations in the development control regulation. The aim of this research is to evaluate the most critical liveable area of a dwelling unit of ‘type design’ for daylight and thermal comfort. This research includes evaluation of the selected parameters by comparative analysis of useful daylight illuminance (UDI), daylight autonomy (DA), thermal comfort hours and carpet area to window ratio (CAWR) with the help of dynamic simulation by using ‘Daysim’, ‘radiance analysis tool’ and ‘temperature distribution tool’ of Ecotect 2011 software. The findings of this research arrive to derive the CAWR with respect to orientation (four cardinal directions) of the building without compromising the thermal comfort with respect to the temperature of a dwelling unit of ‘type design’.
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Shao, Zebiao, Bo Wang, Yao Xu, Liang Sun, Xichen Ge, Lvpei Cai, and Cheng Chang. "Dynamic Concentrated Solar Building Skin Design Based on Multiobjective Optimization." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2022): 2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12112026.
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Building skin can provide comprehensive functions of energy production, daylighting, and shading with an integrated transmissive solar-concentrating panel. In this study, Rhino Grasshopper parametric modeling, Ladybug tool performance simulation, and Octopus multiobjective optimization platforms are used to carry out experimental research. This study establishes the optimal relationship between the conflicting objectives of light environment creation and energy production efficiency of solar-concentrating skin by controlling three variables, namely the size of the solar-concentrating module, the rotation angle, and the number of modules, aiming to design the optimal solution and build a multiobjective optimization technology framework for the solar-concentrating skin of an office space. A comparison and analysis of the scenarios indicate a dynamic concentrating skin that can effectively reduce the daylight glare probability (DGP) by 70% and increase the useful daylight illuminance (UDI) by 10%, while achieving energy production. The correlation between the variables and the performance indices of the solar-concentrating skin was obtained as angle > width > length > amount, and the optimal design interval for each parameter variable. This study reveals the laws of how parameter changes affect individual indicators, which can provide ideas for the design of dynamic concentrating skins and building integration, methods for improving the balanced design of indoor light environments and building capacity, and a technical framework for multiobjective optimization processes.
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Treacy, Gillian. "Out of “touch”? − An experiential pedagogical approach to daylighting in architecture and interior design education." SHS Web of Conferences 64 (2019): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196402010.
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A new challenge is emerging. Contemporary built environment pedagogy demands engagement with both analogue and digital tools for simulation and verification of lit architectural environments. The use of analogue tools within architectural design education grasps onto the historically valued craftsmanship of drawing and physical models to measure, represent and understand our lit environment ambiance. Digital tools can provide efficient, simultaneous and precise verification of lit architectural interior space through 3D computer modelling and calculation software. However, the understanding and representation of daylit scenarios is becoming more numerically complex as lighting metrics and software gain in accuracy and dynamic range. With the majority of easily accessible software tools focussing on numerical verification, the ephemeral ambience that daylight in particular creates in interior architectural spaces is becoming ever more difficult to grasp for the architectural design student and practitioner. This paper seeks to challenge the exclusive use of digital tools for the understanding and representation of lit interiors by proposing that this methodology cultivates design epistemologies that are out of “touch”. Questionnaire findings and workshop studies are presented as pedagogical constructs are proposed inviting physical, experiential learning of lighting principles in collaboration with numerical and digital modes of learning to provide connections and translations to develop through ‘touch’ing light.
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Li, Jie, Qichao Ban, Xueming Chen, and Jiawei Yao. "Glazing Sizing in Large Atrium Buildings: A Perspective of Balancing Daylight Quantity and Visual Comfort." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040701.
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Due to the multiple benefits on energy, well-being, comfort, and the economy, the utilization of daylight remains an imperative topic of architectural design. With the remarkable ability of drawing and increasing daylight deep into the core of buildings, atriums with a large proportion of glazing have become one of the most preferred design forms. The concomitant and unexpected visual discomfort in modern buildings, however, has drawn increasing concerns. Therefore, this study investigated the relation between glazing proportion and daylight performance, as well as the impact of building height and atrium types on daylight performance in atrium buildings by using an annual dynamic simulation method and metrics. It was found that extending glazing proportion had prominent effectiveness in the enhancement of daylighting; building height had a negative influence; round and square types of buildings performed much better than rectangular ones. Moreover, to inform a practical design, we analyzed the link between increasing daylight and visual comfort from the perspective of balancing them, and then proposed a design guide for atrium roof-glazing sizing.
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Ballarini, Ilaria, Giovanna De Luca, Argun Paragamyan, Anna Pellegrino, and Vincenzo Corrado. "Transformation of an Office Building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB): Implications for Thermal and Visual Comfort and Energy Performance." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 7, 2019): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050895.
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Directive 2010/31/EU promotes the refurbishment of existing buildings to change them into nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs). Within this framework, it is of crucial importance to guarantee the best trade-off between energy performance and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The implications of a global refurbishment scenario on thermal and visual comfort are assessed in this paper pertaining to an existing office building. The retrofit actions applied to achieve the nZEB target consist of a combination of envelope and technical building systems refurbishment measures, involving both HVAC and lighting. Energy and comfort calculations were carried out through dynamic simulation using Energy Plus and DIVA, for the thermal and visual performance assessments, respectively. The results point out that energy retrofit actions on the building envelope would lead to significant improvements in the thermal performance, regarding both energy savings (−37% of the annual primary energy for heating) and thermal comfort. However, a daylighting reduction would occur with a consequent higher electricity demand for lighting (36%). The research presents a detailed approach applicable to further analyses aimed at optimizing the energy efficiency measures in order to reduce the imbalance between visual and thermal comfort and to ensure the best performance in both domains.
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Susa-Páez, Alejandra, and María Beatriz Piderit-Moreno. "Geometric Optimization of Atriums with Natural Lighting Potential for Detached High-Rise Buildings." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 17, 2020): 6651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166651.
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Detached high-rise office buildings with more than 15 floors in high density areas have floor plans with large surfaces that prevent natural lighting from entering their central areas. Therefore, artificial lighting is used to substitute the lighting comfort needs of their occupants for a large proportion of operational hours, resulting in high energy expenses for the building. The goal of this study is to evaluate the lighting potential of a central atrium with added clerestories and/or side lighting every four levels in a parametric 15-floor theoretical model and two floor surface areas of 900 m2 and 2500 m2, compared to a 40% glazed surface on façades without solar control devices. A total of 108 geometric variations of the atrium and adjoining spaces were analyzed using a climate-based daylight dynamic simulation method (CBDM), using DIVA-for-Rhino as the integrated evaluation tool in Rhino’s Grasshopper software, where the parametric model was built. The geometric optimization results show the design variables that allowed a significant illuminance of between 60 and 70%, using the Useful Daylighting Illuminance (UDI) indicator in a range of 100 to 2000 lux, demonstrating that the incorporation of atrium spaces as a controlled natural lighting strategy in these buildings is an environmental and sustainable perspective for architectonic design.
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Bourgeois, D., C. F. Reinhart, and G. Ward. "Standard daylight coefficient model for dynamic daylighting simulations." Building Research & Information 36, no. 1 (January 2008): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613210701446325.
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Kiliç, Z. A., and A. Köknel Yener. "Determining Proper Daylighting Design Solution for Visual Comfort and Lighting Energy Efficiency: A Case Study for High-Rise Residential Building." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012156.
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Abstract Promoting the daylight performance that allows to provide visual comfort conditions by minimizing lighting energy consumption is possible with making a balance of window size, glazing type and shading strategy, which are the major design parameters of the daylighting system. Particularly, in high-rise buildings, where large openings enabling higher daylight availability and view out are preferred, the daylighting system becomes a crucial design consideration in terms of ensuring occupants’ visual comfort and improving lighting energy efficiency. This study aims to identify a proper daylighting design solution with regard to window area, glazing type and shading strategy for a high-rise residential building located in Istanbul considering visual comfort and lighting energy efficiency. The dynamic simulations are carried out by DIVA for Rhino version 4.1.0.12. The results are evaluated with the Daylight Autonomy (DA) to detect daylight availability in the space and Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) to describe the visual comfort conditions related to glare. Furthermore, the lighting energy consumption of each alternative is also analysed to determine the proper daylighting solution. The results have revealed that a proper daylighting solution providing visual comfort by improving lighting energy-efficiency can be determined by the evaluation of the daylight performance both qualitatively and quantitatively.
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Kruisselbrink, Thijs, Myriam Aries, and Alexander Rosemann. "A Practical Device for Measuring the Luminance Distribution." International Journal of Sustainable Lighting 19, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v19i1.76.
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Various applications in building lighting such as automated daylight systems, dynamic lighting control systems, lighting simulations, and glare analyzes can be optimized using information on the actual luminance distributions of the surroundings. Currently, commercially available luminance distribution measurement devices are often not suitable for these kind of applications or simply too expensive for broad application. This paper describes the development of a practical and autonomous luminance distribution measurement device based on a credit card-sized single-board computer and a camera system. The luminance distribution was determined by capturing High Dynamic Range images and translating the RGB information to the CIE XYZ color space. The High Dynamic Range technology was essential to accurately capture the data needed to calculate the luminance distribution because it allows to capture luminance ranges occurring in real scenarios. The measurement results were represented in accordance with established methods in the field of daylighting. Measurements showed that the accuracy of the luminance distribution measurement device ranged from 5% to 20% (worst case) which was deemed acceptable for practical measurements and broad applications in the building realm.
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Zazzini, P., A. Di Crescenzo, and R. Giammichele. "Numerical Analysis of the Performance of an Innovative Daylighting System Named Modified Double Light Pipe." TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 2-4 (July 30, 2021): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.652-432.
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This paper focuses on the performance of an innovative daylighting system named Modified Double Light Pipe (MDLP). It consists of a device integrating a Double Light Pipe (DLP) with a light shelf. The DLP has been created by the authors to enter daylight into two levels underground buildings. It involves an excessive bulk and the risk of glare in the passage environment. The MDLP is an attempt to solve these problems by coupling the DLP and the light shelf technologies. The authors used a numerical approach modeling the MDLP by the software Rhinoceros and simulating its performance by Grasshopper plugins Ladybug and Honeybee. After calibrating the software by the comparison between numerical and experimental data on the DLP, they carried out a numerical analysis on the MDLP in steady-state and dynamic conditions. In steady-state regime, the MDLP performs better than the DLP, giving quite a uniform illuminance distribution on the horizontal work plane. This is confirmed by the results of the dynamic analysis, carried out evaluating the metric Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA). Moreover, the risk of glare is avoided by the MDLP, thanks to the presence of the light shelf that prevents the observer from seeing the device directly.
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Smith, Shane Ida. "Superporous Intelligent Hydrogels for Environmentally Adaptive Building Skins." MRS Advances 2, no. 46 (2017): 2481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.429.
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ABSTRACTThis work explores responsive hydrophilic polymers for convergent functions of climate control with architectural material systems. In buildings, the transition across exterior and interior space occurs through the envelope, which is an enclosure system that mediates heat, light, air and moisture transfer functions. Conventional building envelopes are typically constructed to form a barrier that insulates and hermetically separates outdoor and indoor conditions. The dynamic environmental responses of superporous intelligent hydrogels are shown to be beneficial at the interior layer of a double-skin glazing system for building envelope applications. If the hydrogels are integral to the building envelope system, then various environmental functions (such as natural daylighting, heat transfer, airflow and moisture control) can be achieved through integrated actuators to result in improved building energy performance.The composite embodiments emulate bio-analytical functions when embedded microbore-tube water channels serve as actuators for swelling and deswelling kinetics respectively. Each prototype is conceived in response to hot-arid climate contexts. The prototype presented here is a lightweight ventilation cooling and daylighting system. Initial prototypes are inserted into an environmental test-bed that is consequently divided into two chambers to represent an outdoor and indoor condition. The input chamber includes controllable heat and light elements that affect the dynamics of the hydrogel system. The output chamber on the opposite side of the prototype division includes temperature, humidity and photo sensors that are connected to an Arduino board for data collection. Dependent upon the environmental conditions of chamber two, a control program actuates small hydro-pump to saturate the gels with water.The initial results provide correlations between mechanical (elasticity) and thermal (conductivity) properties. Current work in progress includes documentation of average rates for sorption-desorption kinetics and correlations between saturation loading and visible transmittance. The physical test data will also be integrated into building-scale energy performance simulations and hygrothermal transfer numerical analysis for building envelope compositions. The embedded material logic of the hydrogel is exploited in an architectural configuration for a convergence of prior building mechanical system and building envelope functions. The current work demonstrates a highly promising application of soft-skin membranes for much needed reductions in energy consumption within the building sector.
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Xie, Xiaohuan, and Zhonghua Gou. "BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION AS AN EARLY INTERVENTION OR LATE VERIFICATION IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN: SAME PERFORMANCE OUTCOME BUT DIFFERENT DESIGN SOLUTIONS." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 1 (January 2017): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1552-6100.12.1.45.
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INTRODUCTION Current green building practice has been largely advanced by an integrated design process. This integrated design process involves multiple disciplines, such as architecture, civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering. The design method heavily relies on utilizing building performance simulation to illustrate how design parameters affect the energy consumption and quality of the indoor environment before actual design decisions are made (Anderson, 2014). The architectural design tools in the integrated design process supersede traditional geometrical exploration instruments, such as Sketchup, Revit, ArchiCad, and Rhino (Negendahl, 2015). More building performance simulating tools, such as Ecotect, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Radiance, and EnergyPlus, have been developed to help architects measure building performance (e.g., natural ventilation, daylighting, solar radiation, and energy uses) in the design process and attain green building standards such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). The information presented by these tools guide architects at a certain level in achieving green building goals. However, building simulation is generally beyond the architect's knowledge domain. Many architects have difficulty in understanding these technical terms and models, as well as their design implications. Therefore, specific consultants have emerged to help architects grasp the meanings of these numbers and models, which require architects to implement a high level of design collaboration and coordination (Aksamija, 2015; Gou & Lau, 2014). Simulation consultants can work in parallel with architects at the early design stage to intervene in the conceptual and schematic design; they may also work behind architects to verify the building performance after the design is finished and make their design green through technical alterations. Most existing literature argues for an early intervention of building performance simulation in the architectural design process and explores different algorithms or models for optimal intervention (Degens, Scholzen, & Odenbreit, 2015; Sick, Schade, Mourtada, Uh, & Grausam, 2014; Svetlana Olbina & Yvan Beliveau, 2007). However, the difference between early intervention and late verification is often not investigated. Few qualitative studies can help understand how the building performance simulation is actually implemented, and how it influences the quality of design solutions in addition to the quantity of performance outcomes. The current research presents two case studies that compare building performance simulation as an early intervention and a late verification tool in the architectural design process, which contextualizes the building simulation research in real building practices.
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Omar Elshiwihy, Shorouk, and Hassam Nasarullah Chaudhry. "Parametric Study on Determining Optimum Shading Techniques for Urban High-Rise Dwellings." Urban Science 3, no. 3 (July 30, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3030085.
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Shading techniques constitute one of the most passive, beneficial strategies for reducing energy consumption in urban dwellings. Shading affects many factors, for example, the solar gains and radiations falling on the façade, which are considered the most significant in increasing the cooling energy demand in hot climates. This paper conducts a parametric study on external and internal shading devices and establishes their impact on energy consumption, daylight levels, and ventilation. The work was conducted using Integrated Environmental Simulation Virtual Environment (IES-VE) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical methods. The results revealed that optimised shading can influence savings in terms of energy and cooling, in addition to the enhancement of daylighting and reduction of glare. After studying all these factors associated with the different shading techniques investigated, the findings revealed that all shades affect the energy, daylight and ventilation parameters positively. However, despite all external and internal shadings showing improvements, the egg crate shade was determined as that which provided the optimum energy saving, while enhancing daylight and improving natural ventilation for a sustainable building design.
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Akin, Sahin, Oguzcan Ergun, Elif Surer, and Ipek Gursel Dino. "An immersive performative architectural design tool with daylighting simulations: a building information modeling-based approach." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (November 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2020-0562.
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PurposeIn performative architectural design, daylighting is a crucial design consideration; however, the evaluation of daylighting in the design process can be challenging. Immersive environments (IEs) can create a dynamic, multi-sensory, first-person view in computer-generated environments, and can improve designers' visual perception and awareness during performative design processes. This research addresses the need for interactive and integrated design tools for IEs toward better-performing architectural solutions in terms of daylighting illumination. In this context, building information modeling and performance simulations are identified as critical technologies to be integrated into performative architectural design.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a design science research (DSR) methodology involving an iterative process of development, validation and improvement of a novel and immersive tool, HoloArch, that supports design development during daylighting-informed design processes. HoloArch was implemented in a game engine during a spiral software development process. HoloArch allows users to interact with, visualize, modify and explore architectural models. The evaluation is performed in two workshops and a user study. A hybrid approach that combines qualitative and quantitative data collection was adopted for evaluation. Qualitative data analyses involve interviews, while quantitative data analyses involve both daylighting simulations and questionnaires (e.g. technology acceptance model (TAM), presence and system usability scale (SUS)).FindingsAccording to the questionnaire results, HoloArch had 92/100 for SUS, a mean value of 120.4 for presence questionnaire (PQ) and 9.4/10 for TAM. According to the simulation results, all participants improved the given building's daylighting performance using HoloArch. The interviews also indicated that HoloArch is an effective design tool in terms of augmented perception, continuous design processes, performative daylighting design and model interaction. However, challenges still remain regarding the complete integration of tools and simultaneous simulation visualization. The study concludes that IEs hold promising potentials where performative design actions at conceptual, spatial and architectural domains can take place interactively and simultaneously with immediate feedback.Originality/valueThe research integrates building information modeling (BIM), performative daylighting simulations and IEs in an interactive environment for the identification of potentials and limitations in performative architectural design. Different from existing immersive tools for architecture, HoloArch offers a continuous bidirectional workflow between BIM tools and IEs.
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Inanici, M., B. Abboushi, and S. Safranek. "Evaluation of sky spectra and sky models in daylighting simulations." Lighting Research & Technology, July 2, 2022, 147715352211034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14771535221103400.
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Sky models in daylight simulations represent the luminance variation across the sky-dome for different locations, dates, times and weather conditions, but skies are typically modelled as colourless. Recent studies explore techniques for incorporating the spectral content of daylighting in simulations. This paper provides an evaluation of the existing spectral sky models in lighting simulation software. The comparisons are made between the available mathematical sky models and naturally occurring skies that were recorded using high dynamic range photography and spectrophotometric measurements. The results show that recently developed sky models present progress compared to colourless sky models, but further research is needed to accurately simulate daylight spectra.
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Monteoliva, Juan Manuel, Ayelén Villalba, and Andrea Pattini. "Daylighting Metrics: an Approach to Dynamic Cubic Illuminance." Journal of Daylighting, November 28, 2018, 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15627/jd.2018.6.
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Advances in research work in the field of numerical analysis of daylight performance have generated in-depth knowledge on photometric measurements of daylight quality. Most dynamic metrics are based on illuminance, which is a two-dimensional concept insofar as it is concerned with the density of luminous flux incident at a point on a surface. In order to extend dynamic metrics into the third dimension and consider the distribution of illumination at a point in space, it is important to generate new advances in simulation environments and consider spatial illumination metrics. In this context, the main objective of the present work was to advance in the development of cubic dynamic daylight metrics, as a complement to the two dimensional analysis currently employed, promoting the use of Climate Based Daylight Modelling (CBDM). For this purpose, cylindrical to horizontal illuminance ratio is applied to dynamic simulation paradigm developing the concept of useful modeling indexs (UMIs). The research methodology applied in this work is divided into two main parts: (i) two dimensional concept: spatial daylight autonomy (sDA(300lx,50%) -horizontal-, sDA(175lx,50%) -vertical-) and uniformity, and (ii) three dimensional concept: useful cylindrical to horizontal illuminance ratio (uEcl/Eh(0.3-0.6)). In order to assess this method, two spaces (RR1 and RR2) of the Lavalle Public Library, located in Mendoza-Argentina, were taken as a case study. Results show important differences in horizontal illuminance between RR1 and RR2 (∆sDA(300lx, 50%) > 80%). Similar values of uEcl/Ewp(0.3-0.6) -useful cylindrical to horizontal illuminance ratio- are detected in both rooms (RR1= 69.32 % and RR2= 72.24 %) in nodes near north opening. Yet there are significant differences (< 36%) of uEcl/Ewp(0.3-0.6) between nodes located near the south wall, this is due to the obstruction of a south opening in RR2. Furthermore, it is important to mention that 2D metrics display a more uniform behavior than 3D metrics. This shows itself clearly if we take into account that difference in sDA are much lower than difference in uEcl/Eh(0.3-0.6), if we compare nodes closest to the north windows to does that are far from it, in both rooms (RR1 and RR2). This results from the fact that cubic metrics are more sensitive to the direction of light. This is of crucial importance for daylight studies in clear sky condition, due to the defined direction of direct solar radiation. Finally, a new approach to daylighting performance analysis based on the addition of cubic metrics to dynamic daylight paradigm is proposed: useful modelling indexs (UMIs). UMIs make it possible to quantify annual occurrence of proper light modelling conditions. As an initial approach, cylindrical to horizontal illuminance ratio (Ecl/Ewp(0.3-0.6)) has been considered, due to its current use in international standards.
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Liu, Tong, and Xin Zhang. "Dynamic Simulation on Eye Exposure of In-Vehicle Daylighting in Urban Environments of China." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4187510.
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Liu, Tong, and Xin Zhang. "Dynamic Simulation on Eye Exposure of In-Vehicle Daylighting in Urban Environments of China." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4175963.
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Golzan, Seyedeh Samaneh, Mina Pouyanmehr, and Hassan Sadeghi Naeini. "Recommended angle of a modular dynamic façade in hot-arid climate: daylighting and energy simulation." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (July 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-04-2021-0075.
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PurposeThe modular dynamic façade (MDF) concept could be an approach in a comfort-centric design through proper integration with energy-efficient buildings. This study focuses on obtaining and/or calculating an efficient angle of the MDF, which would lead to the optimum performance in daylight availability and energy consumption in a single south-faced official space located in the hot-arid climate of Yazd, Iran.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology consists of three fundamental parts: (1) based on previous related studies, a diamond-based dynamic skin façade was applied to a south-faced office building in a hot-arid climate; (2) the daylighting and energy performance of the model were simulated annually; and (3) the data obtained from the simulation were compared to reach the optimum angle of the MDF.FindingsThe results showed that when the angle of the MDF openings was set at 30°, it could decrease energy consumption by 41.32% annually, while daylight simulation pointed that the space experienced the minimum possible glare at this angle. Therefore, the angle of 30° was established as the optimum angle, which could be the basis for future investment in responsive building envelopes.Originality/valueThis angular study simultaneously assesses the daylight availability, visual comfort and energy consumption on a MDF in a hot-arid climate.
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Spreafico, Margherita Cecilia, Pietro Sternai, and Federico Agliardi. "Paraglacial rock-slope deformations: sudden or delayed response? Insights from an integrated numerical modelling approach." Landslides, October 20, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01560-x.
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Abstract Glacial and paraglacial processes have a major influence on rock slope stability in alpine environments. Slope deglaciation causes debuttressing, stress and hydro-mechanical perturbations that promote progressive slope failure and the development of slow rock slope deformation possibly evolving until catastrophic failure. Paraglacial rock slope failures can develop soon after or thousands of years after deglaciation, and can creep slowly accelerating until catastrophic failure or nucleate sudden rockslides. The roles of topography, rock properties and deglaciation processes in promoting the different styles of paraglacial rock slope failure are still elusive. Nevertheless, their comprehensive understanding is crucial to manage future geohazards in modern paraglacial settings affected by ongoing climate change. We simulate the different modes and timing of paraglacial slope failures in an integrated numerical modelling approach that couples realistic deglaciation histories derived by modelling of ice dynamics to 2D time-dependent simulations of progressive failure processes. We performed a parametric study to assess the effects of initial ice thickness, deglaciation rate, rock-slope strength and valley shape on the mechanisms and timing of slope response to deglaciation. Our results allow constraining the range of conditions in which rapid failures or delayed slow deformations occur, which we compare to natural Alpine case studies. The melting of thicker glaciers is linked to shallower rockslides daylighting at higher elevation, with a shorter response time. More pronounced glacial morphologies influences slope lifecycle and favour the development of shallower, suspended rockslides. Weaker slopes and faster deglaciations produce to faster slope responses. In a risk-reduction perspective, we expect rockslide differentiation in valleys showing a strong glacial imprint, buried below thick ice sheets during glaciation.