Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dye study'
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Li, Sin-lai Emily, and 李倩麗. "Theoretical study of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41897195.
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Li, Sin-lai Emily. "Theoretical study of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41897195.
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Ghamgosar, Pedram. "In-situ study of dye adsorption usind modulated photocurrent measurement." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kemi - Ångström, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-212915.
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Sampaio, Samuel Gondim. "Study and Characterization of New Natural Dyes for Application in Sensitized solar cells." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11335.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoEste trabalho apresenta um estudo e caracterizaÃÃo de corantes com flores de plantas coletadas na regiÃo Nordeste do Brasil, tais como: a Sida cordifolia (malva branca), a Catharanthus roseus (boa noite) e a Torenia fournieri (amor-perfeito-de-verÃo), Allamanda catÃrtica (alamanda da flor grande) e Cobaea scandens (sino de catedral). Foi estudado e observado a influÃncia dos flavonoides na sensibilizaÃÃo dos corantes naturais por meio de um protÃtipo de cÃlula fotovoltaica, com vidros condutores com um filme de SnO2:F produzidos por spray PirÃlise. As plantas foram submetidas a um tratamento de lavagem. Foram maceradas e imersas em um solvente extrator. ApÃs alguns dias, foram concentradas no rotaevaporador a uma velocidade 160 rpm em temperatura ambiente por 40 minutos. Este corante foi aplicado sobre uma camada de TiO2 e entÃo a cÃlula foi testada sob a luz solar. Os valores obtidos foram: Torenia fournieri, corrente de curto-circuito = 0,44 mA e tensÃo de circuito aberto = 0,16 V; Catharanthus roseus, corrente de curto-circuito = 0,43 mA e tensÃo de circuito aberto = 0,14 V; Sida cordifolia, corrente de curto-circuito = 0,22 mA e tensÃo de circuito aberto = 0,19 V; Allamanda catÃrtica, corrente de curto-circuito = 0,19 mA e tensÃo de circuito aberto = 0,12V; Cobaea scandens, corrente de curto-circuito = 0,32 mA e tensÃo de circuito aberto = 0,17V. Estes resultados podem fornecer mais dados para melhor entendimento e uso de novos corantes naturais em cÃlulas solares.
This paper presents a study and characterization of dyes with flowers of plants collected in the Northeast of Brazil, such as Sida cordifolia (malva branca), the Catharanthus roseus (boa noite), Torenia fournieri (amor-perfeito-de-verÃo), Alamanda cathartic (alamanda da flor grande) and Cobaea scandens (sino de catedral). Was studied and observed the influence of flavonoids in the sensitization of natural dyes by means of a prototype solar cell with conductive film with a glass of SnO2: F produced by spray pyrolysis. The conductive glass was obtained precursor solution (HCl/H2O) containing of tin II chloride dihydrate (SnCl2.2H2O), ammonium fluoride (NH4F) and a slide glass heated to 600 Â C. The solution was sprayed on the heated substrate. About conductive glass was deposited a layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2). The layer was obtained by dissolving in commercial TiO2 powder acetic acid (CH3CO2H) and Triton X. The electrolyte was a solution of iodine / triiodide into the intracellular regeneration cycle, the counter electrode was a layer made of graphite. The plants were treated with a by washing with deionized water, drying with heat gun and Silica Gel to absorb moisture. Were macerated and immersed in an organic solvent. After a few days, were concentrated in a rotary evaporator at a speed 160 rpm at room temperature for 40 minutes. This dye was applied on the TiO2 layer and then the cell was tested under sunlight. The values obtained were: Torenia fournieri, short-circuit current = 0.44 mA and open circuit voltage V = 0.16; Catharanthus roseus, short-circuit current = 0.43 mA = 0 and open-circuit voltage, 14 V, Sida cordifolia, short-circuit current = 0.22 mA and open circuit voltage V = 0.19; Allamanda cathartic, short-circuit current = 0.19 mA and open circuit voltage V = 0.12; Cobaea scandens, short-circuit current = 0.32 mA and open circuit voltage = 0.17 V. These results may provide more data for better understanding and use of new natural dyes in solar cells.
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Wroe, I. "Thermodynamic study of the adsorption of 4-aminoazobenzene by nylon 6.6." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371487.
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Chin, Man-yi Maggie. "Provision of industrial land for Industries with special infrastructure requirements : a case study of bleaching and dyeing industry /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13357736.
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Khan, Md Imran. "A Study on the Optimization of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4519.
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Considering biocompatibility, the Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSC) based on titanium dioxide should play a major role in the future of solar energy. In this ongoing study, different components and ambient process conditions for the fabrication of were investigated. Titanium dioxide substrate thickness and morphology was found to have a direct impact on the cell efficiency. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the TiO2 nanostructure. Different chemical treatments and electrolytes were also explored towards optimizing the cell performance. A group of porphyrin based organic dyes were synthesized and evaluated. Standard solar cell characterization techniques such as current-voltage and spectral response measurements were employed to evaluate the cell performance.
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Qin, Peng. "The study of organic dyes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Organisk kemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-24406.
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This thesis concerns the study of D–π–A type dyes as sensitizers for NiO-based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. The focus has been on the design and synthesis of efficient dyes and the identification of parameters limiting the solar cell performance. We have developed a new design strategy for the dyes: upon photoexcitation of the dye, the electron density is moving from the part that is attached to the semiconductor towards the part which is pointing away. This intramolecular charge transfer provides an efficient pathway for the following charge transfer processes. The first organic dye, composed of a triphenylamine (TPA) moiety as the electron-donor, dicyanovinyl groups as the electron-acceptors and linked by thiophene units, showed much better photovoltaic performance than other dyes reported at the same time, turning it into a model for future dye design. A series of dyes with different energy levels were synthesized and characterized on NiO-based devices using iodide/triiodide as redox couple. Lower photovoltaic performance was obtained for the dye with less negative reduction potential due to the insufficient driving force for dye regeneration. We have investigated the symmetric and unsymmetric structures of the dyes. The breaking of molecular symmetry did not significantly broaden the absorption spectrum, or improve the efficiency. In addition, we have tuned the molecular structure to prevent charge recombination. Increasing the distance between the anchoring group and the electron-acceptor was an effective way to improve the device efficiency. Besides TPA-based compounds, a zinc porphyrin dye was also synthesized and tested in p-type solar cells. However, the solar cell performed less well due to its narrow absorption band and the tendency for aggregation. Co-sensitization of the TPA-based dye with the porphyrin dye did not result in higher photovoltaic performance. After optimization of the dye structure, the highest overall conversion efficiency was achieved for the P5-sensitized solar cell, based on 1.5 μm NiO film prepared from NiCl2 and the F108 template precursor, and an acetonitrile-based electrolyte.QC 20100909
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Brew, Henry. "An equilibrium study of polyelectrolyte/surfactant/dye interactions." Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272695.
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Alsharari, Reem M. "The Study of Nanoparticle Titanium Dioxide-Based Hydrogel for Dye Adsorption and Photo-Degradation." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2019. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/186.
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The objective of this research was to study the adsorption and photodegradation of crystal violet (CV) dye by using poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogel and nanocomposite TiO2-PHEMA hydrogel. Since the TiO2 nanoparticle has poor solubility, another goal of this study was to make a uniform TiO2 nanocomposite gel. These gels can be used in water treatment and can be easily photodegrade by exposure of sunlight which is similar to exposing to UV-vis. PHEMA was synthesized by free radical polymerization. The nanocomposite gels were characterized by FT-IR and XRD to confirm the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles and CV dye inside the PHEMA hydrogel. The XRD data showed that not only maintaining the crystallinity of the three different phases that had been used, but also the uptake of the dye inside the nanocomposite gels. Moreover, the FT-IR demonstrated the presence of the functional groups of the chemical structure of the gel as well as the nanocomposite gels with the CV dye. The adsorption of CV dye was examined through monitoring UV-Vis absorption. The kinetic study indicated the adsorption of the dye by the nanocomposite gels until reached equilibrium, which is the zero concentration. The photodegradation of CV dye was examined using a medium pressure Hg lamp. It was determined that the composite gels adsorb CV dye from the solution at the beginning while under the photochemical condition. Eventually, the dye in the gel was photodegraded, indicating that in the gel system, the photodegradation process is still effective to dyes. The composite gels containing pure anatase phase titanium are much better photocatalysts and took less time of adsorption than those containing pure rutile and anatase/rutile mixed phases of titania.
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Westermark, Karin. "Dye/Semiconductor Interfaces : An Electron Spectroscopic Study of Systems for Solar Cell and Display Applications." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5055-5/.
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Carriveau, Edward Christian Janson. "Study of dye-core vortices at submerged water intakes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/MQ58020.pdf.
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Terranova, U. "Challenges in dye-sensitised solar cells : a theoretical study." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1388181/.
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Up to now, the market of solar cells has been dominated by the conventional silicon devices. Recently, a new class of solar cells, known as dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged. They are based on the hybrid chromophore/TiO2 semiconductor interface, and the low cost of manufacturing and the flexibility make them a very promising alternative to the traditional silicon cells. With this thesis, we aim at investigating theoretically, by means of density functional theory atomistic simulations, some of the current challenges in DSSCs. In particular, we will focus on the binding mode of the most common anchoring groups to TiO2, the coating of TiO2 with a second oxide such as Al2O3 to increase the efficiency, the issues related to the island growth mode during the atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 on TiO2, and the use of the delta self-consistent field method for the excitations of natural anthocyanidins. The idea is to provide experimentalists with useful guidelines for the design of devices with improved efficiencies.
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Gorgone, Christine Ann. "Physicochemical and biological treatability study of textile dye wastewater." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05022009-040707/.
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Elshami, Marrow. "Micro-leakage and Enamel demineralisation : a comparative study of three different adhesive cements." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5607.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Introduction: Micro-leakage and enamel demineralization is still a major challenge in dental practice. It can lead to formation of demineralization lesions around and beneath the adhesive–enamel interface (Mali et al., 2006). Enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets is one of the risks associated with orthodontic treatment. The prevention of demineralization during orthodontic treatment is therefore essential for aesthetic reasons and to circumvent the onset of caries. Aim: To assess micro-leakage and enamel demineralization around orthodontic direct attachments (brackets) using three different orthodontic cements. Materials and methods: In this in-vitro study, intact (non carious) extracted human premolars were used to compare the micro-leakage and enamel demineralization of three different cements (Fuji Ortho LC, Rely X luting 2 and Transbond XT). The dye penetration technique was used to evaluate micro-leakage on extracted human premolars. Micro-hardness testing was performed on 21 teeth to determine enamel demineralization. Sixty teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of twenty teeth each. Direct attachments were cemented on each tooth using 3 different cements; Fuji Ortho LC (GC Fuji II LC GC Corporation Tokyo, Japan), (group 1), Rely X luting 2 cement (3M ESPE dental product, USA), (group 2), Transbond XT Light Cure (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif), (group 3). After the orthodontic direct attachments were fitted, they were exposed to 500 thermo-cycles between 5°C and 55°C, with a dwell time of 15 seconds in a buffered (pH 7) 1% methylene blue dye solution (Grobler et al, 2007). The specimens were viewed under a stereomicroscope (Nikon, Japan) at magnification of 40 times. Photographs of each specimen were taken with a Leica camera (Leica DFC 290 micro-systems, Germany) fitted onto a stereomicroscope. The ACDsee photo editing programme was used to transfer the photographs to a computer to measure the dye penetration along the enamel–adhesive and adhesive–bracket interfaces, both on the gingival and occlusal edge at × 40 magnification. For the demineralization sample, 21 teeth were divided into 3 groups of seven teeth each, where direct attachments were cemented using each of the 3 cements, group 1, Fuji Ortho LC (GC Fuji II LC GC Corporation Tokyo, Japan); group 2, Rely X luting 2 cement (3M ESPE dental product, USA) and group 3, Transbond XT Light Cure (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). A digital hardness tester with Vickers diamond indenter (Zwick RoellIndentec (ZHV; Indentec UK) was used to measure surface micro-hardness of enamel before and after attaching the brackets. Ten indentations were made on the enamel surface of each tooth before bonding the brackets with a 300g load applied for 15 seconds to establish the baseline hardness value. After de-bonding the brackets, the hardness was measured again in the same area as mentioned above to determine the degree of enamel demineralization (softening). Result: The result showed statistically significantly lower levels of micro-leakage for Transbond XT (P= <0.001). The amount of micro-leakage on the margins was significantly higher in the gingival portion (P <0.05) as compared with the occlusal margin. Enamel micro-hardness tests before bonding using the three different cements showed that the variances are not significantly different (Chi-squared = 3.051, df = 2, p-value = 0.218). However, the micro-hardness tests done after bonding and thermo-cycling was statistically significantly different (Chi-squared = 13.435, df = 2, p-value = 0.001). Clearly, the Transbond XT group had less hardness, implying greater demineralization than the Fuji Ortho LC and Rely X luting 2 groups. Two sample t-tests show that mean value for the Fuji Ortho and Rely X luting 2 were not significantly different from each other (t = -0.636, df = 12, p-value = 0.537). The mean value for Transbond XT differed significantly from both the other two means: Transbond XT vs Fuji Ortho LC (t = 3.249, df = 6.9, p-value = 0.014). Transbond XT vs Rely X luting 2 (t = 3.493, df = 6.8, p-value = 0.011). Conclusions: This study showed that Fuji Ortho LC and Rely X luting 2 show more micro-leakage than Transbond XT. However Transbond XT had significant lower micro-leakage, less hardness (greater demineralization) than the Fuji Ortho LC and Rely X luting 2. This may have been due to the fluoride release which significantly reduces demineralization. Therefore the Fuji Ortho LC and Rely X luting 2 may be recommended for prevention of demineralization during orthodontic treatment.
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Price, Vaneaton. "Continuous color removal from concentrated dye waste discharges using reducing and oxidizing chemicals : a pilot plant study /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040505/.
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Gong, Jiawei. "Theoretical Study on Thin Film Dye Sensitized Photovoltaic Solar Cells." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27177.
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This thesis presents two models of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC): diffusion model and electrical model. The main purpose is to investigate interfacial charge transfer and charge transport within the semiconductor/electrolyte layer under illuminated conditions. These two interrelated models confirm that diffusion is the major driving force for electron and ion transport, while the drift of electrons is negligible. The diffusion model was utilized to simulate the temperature influence on the overall efficiency of DSC with a consideration of the voltage loss at titanium dioxide (TiO2)/ transparent conductive oxide (TCO) interface. It reveals that low temperature conditions have serious detrimental effects on the DSCs' performance. Further the electrical model was used to analyze the effect of diffusion/drift, dye loading, and electrode thickness on DSC performance. The predicted optimal electrode thickness ranges between 10-15 μm which is consistent with the thickness (10 μm) used in experimental studies published in the literature.
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Manni, Hassan. "An in vitro study of post-restorative bleaching : effect on microleakage." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1776_1307617941.
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Aim and Objectives: To assess the effect of bleaching on the marginal integrity of Class V composite resin restorations. To determine the effect of a 6% hydrogen peroxide over the counter and a 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office vital bleaching treatment products on the microleakage of Class V composite restorations.
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Reddy, Reddy Pratyusha. "Comparative Study of Adsorption of Dyes onto Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbon by Chitosan Impregnation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1525171939645615.
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Yu, Lihong, and 于利红. "Electron transfer study for selected dye sensitized solar cell and polymer solar cell by time-resolved spectroscopy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206455.
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The pure organic dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were studied and a new organic dye of donor-π-2acceptors (D-π-2A configuration) was fabricated. This dye, denoted as B2, was investigated and applied in DSSCs. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to examine the electronic distribution of the frontier orbitals of the B2 dye. It was found that intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between the donor moieties and acceptor moieties of the B2 dye may take place under photo irradiation. The LUMO, LUMO+1 and LUMO+2 of B2 are all distributed on the acceptor moieties and this is very helpful to enhance the intramolecular electron transfer from the donor moieties to the acceptor moieties, which will consequently promote the chance of electron injection into the semiconductor. DSSCs based on B2 demonstrated an power conversion efficiency of 3.62 %. This efficiency value is approximately half of the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs based on N719 (7.69 %) under the same conditions. Femtosecond transient absorption and nanosecond transient absorption (TA), and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technique were applied to examine the electron transfer processes occurring on the surface of B2/TiO2. B2 dye has life time of the excited states three orders in magnitude shorter than that of N719. The electron injection time from excited B2 to TiO2 is also three orders in magnitude shorter than that from excited N719 to TiO2. It was revealed that the delocalized electrons of π → π* transition for both the B2 dye and the N719 dye could be further guided into the semiconductor, while such injection processes may not happen for the localized electrons in π → π* transition of these dyes.
The nanosecond transient absorption and transient emission spectroscopy of the ruthenium bipyridyl sensitizer N719 in different solvents were studied. Three kinds of ZnO nanoparticles were utilized to study the electron transfer process taking place on the interface of N719/ZnO with and without electrolyte by Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) technique, TA and transient emission spectroscopy. Isopropanol was found to stabilize the singlet excited state of N719 and a related emission band centered at 460 nm was observed in nanosecond time scale. It was revealed that the electrolyte has a significant impact upon the electron transfer dynamics on the N719/ZnO interface. In the absence of electrolyte, the electron transfer process on the N719/ZnO interface is dependent upon the depth of defects in ZnO nanoparticles. Conversely, in the presence of electrolyte, the impact of ZnO defects upon the electron transfer process is eliminated and the effective electron injection happens from the excited states of N719 to ZnO, in spite of the ZnO particle sizes.
The polymer based solar cells were studied and a polymer incorporated with a pyrenylcarbazole pendant was synthesized and applied in the functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) by noncovalent π-π interaction. The polymer/MWCNT hybrids were isolated and examined. The strong interaction between the polymer and MWCNT in a 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE) solution was investigated. The emission spectra demonstrated an effective quenching of emission from the polymer by the MWCNT. DFT calculations showed an electron delocalization phenomenon between the pyrene and carbazole moieties. The LUMO of the polymer is mainly located on the pyrene moiety while the LUMO+1 of the polymer is predominantly positioned on the carbazole moiety. The electronic transition of LUMO+1→LUMO results in intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the carbazole moieties to the pyrene moieties. Femtosecond TA determined the characteristic TA feature of the excited states, which are contributed from both the pyrene and carbazole moieties. The excited state lifetime of the polymer was calculated to be 659 ps and the photo excited electrons can inject into the MWCNT very fast on a time scale of 420 fs.published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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"Price reduction or "service package"?: a study of alternative marketing strategies." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5886020.
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Chen, Ting-Hsuan, and 陳庭萱. "Study and Application of Phthalocyanato Ruthenium Dye for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35746687024501197148.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
高分子科學與工程學研究所
97
The main purpose of this research is to study co-sensitization in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) . For DSSC, photon-to-electron conversion efficiency is depending on the dye absorption spectrum and the shifting rate of electron from dye to electrode. The absorption UV-vis spectrum of dyes in DSSC is generally in 400nm-600nm region ,but it is weak beyond 600nm.Therefore ,in this study we blend dyes in order to extend the range of light absorption and improve the efficiency of DSSC further. The common phthalcyano ruthenium complex, bis(4-carboxypyridine) -(phthalocyanainato) ruthenium(II) in near IR region are chosen to fabricate co-sensitized DSSC .ruthenuim complex, N719 (cis-di(thiocyanato)-bis(2,2''-bipyridyl -4,4''-dicarboxylic acid)-ruthenium(II)) in blue light region, and We want to extend light absorption and improve efficientcy by this process. The results reveal that the energy band of N719 and bis(4-carboxypyridine) -(phthalocyanainato) ruthenium(II) can macth well.So the efficiency of DSSCs is enhancing near 10％.
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SU, TING-YI, and 蘇亭伊. "The Study of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells with Compound Dyes." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4g8q85.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
光電與通訊工程研究所
105
In this study, the proposed dye-sensitized solar cells use two different types of dyes as the sensitizers of the cells. This co-sensitization can improve the ability of light capture and the conversion efficiency of the cell because each dye has its own absorption spectrum which can be arranged complementary to the other dye. In fact, the co-sensitization technique makes a broader absorption of solar energy to improve the performance of the cell. In this study, N719 and SQ2 are used as the sensitizers of the proposed dye-sensitized solar cells. An ultrasonic treatment is employed during the immersion of the titanium dioxide layer into the dye solution to dramatically reduce the process time, from typically 8-24 hours of immersion down to about 20 minutes. A cocktail approach and a stepwise approach are used to evaluate the performance of the resultant cells. The cocktail approach is studied to understand how the mixture of N719 and SQ2 dyes in different volume ratios affects the conversion efficiencies of the cells. The optimal conversion efficiency of 4.65% is found for the cell sensitized with the co-sensitizer (N719+SQ2) at the volume ratio of 6:4, which is higher than that of 3.7% for the cell sensitized with N719 dye and that of 0.92% for the cell sensitized with SQ2 dye. The stepwise approach is studied to understand how the dyeing of N719 and SQ2 in the time sequence on the titanium dioxide layer affects the conversion efficiencies of the cells. The optimization of the time interval for dyeing N719 and SQ2 sequentially on the titanium dioxide layer and the period of time for ultrasonic treatment is included in this study. In the case of dyeing N719 and then SQ2, each under ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, the results show that the optimal conversion efficiency of the cell is 2.91%. On the other hand, in the case of dyeing SQ2 and then N719, the conversion efficiency is lower, which is 2.55%. However, when the titanium dioxide film is sequentially immersed in N719 solution for 20 minutes and SQ2 solution for 5 minutes with ultrasonic treatment, the optimal conversion efficiency of the cell is up to 4.32%
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Fu, Sz-Ping, and 傅思萍. "An in-situ study of dye degradation mechanism in dye-sensitized solar cell." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97pfzg.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
化學工程研究所
95
In the present work, the interactions between N3, N719,and black dye sensitizers with nanocrystalline TiO2 film was investigared by DRIFTs-FTIR spectroscopy. Experimental results show that N3 and N719 dyes were anchored onto the TiO2 surface by bidentate or bridging mode using two carboxylic acid groups and one carboxylic acid group, respectively. Instead, black dye uses one carboxylate group through bidentate or bridging mode. Different active areas of working electrode (1, 0.49, 0.25cm2) were immersed into the dye solution and the efficiency of solar cell is 6.21% with the active area of 0.25 cm2. In dye co-sensitization experiment, TiO2 electrodes were mixed with N3, N719, and black dye in various proportions, results demonstrated that multiple adsorption of dyes on TiO2 surface in different extent. In-situ Raman scanning technique were implemented under real photocurrent conditions. Valuable information on the dye intramolecular interactions in the excited state as well as the interactions between dye-semiconductor electrodes were obtained. This information were interpreted to correlate the degradation mechanisms between their operation of conditions and their corresponded material properties.
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Zhang, Qian. "Study of liquid crystalline light responsive dye-polyelectrolyte complexes." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8299.
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Zeng, Guang-Rong, and 曾光榮. "Study on Cosensitized by Organic Dyes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10533086598278530529.
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碩士明志科技大學
化工與材料工程研究所
99
The metal-free organic dyes: coumarin 343(C343), Eosin Y(EoY), fluorescein(F), fluorescein isothiocyanate(FNCS) and Rhodamine B (Rho B) are used to sensitize nanocrystalline porous TiO2 films and applied for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). J-V curve measurements show the DSSC based on Eosin Y receives the best photoelectric conversion efficiency with 0.473%. The dyes loading of the photoelectrodes were measured by dye-desorption experiments and indicates that the C343 dye has best adsorption ability and TiO2 photoelectrode get a highest loading of 15.8×10-8 mol/cm2. We use six binary systems (C343/EoY, C343/F, C343/FNCS, EoY/C343, EoY/F and EoY/FNCS) employed as sensitizers to study cosensitization in the DSSCs. By analysis of J-V curve, IPCE and EIS measurements, the results exhibit that the EoY/F binary system has the best performance on extension of the absorption range of the nanocrystalline photovoltaic cell, reduction of the electron recombination at the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface, and increase of the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
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Liu, Chao-Yu, and 劉昭煜. "Study of Organic Montmorillonite treatment reactive dye." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92382904091343759708.
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碩士國立東華大學
材料科學與工程學系
90
Abstract These problems: the great amount of the dye wastewater, high quantity contained of organic waste, deep color and the changes of water quality, have almost become the difficulties of depositing the industrial wastewater. Recent years, because of the development of the chemical spin and weave fiber objects, and the progress of the Neo-treatment skill, the waste dyed water contains great amount of PVA, reactive dye.etc, which are hard to dissolve by using organic methods, especially the reactive dye. Therefore, it becomes the urgent issue that to find out the highly efficient, low consumption, cheap price of solution for industrial field and recycling groups. This research is assumed to use 7 kinds of quatrnary amines, to change the properties of montomorillonite as absorbent, in order to make absorbing research on the most difficult disposition reactive dye, which contains the discussion of the reactive time, reactive temperature, the changes of quantitative usage of organic Montomorillonite, pH value.etc to see the influence of the absorbent reaction, and to find out the conditions of the best method of disposition of the dye wastewater. By the analysis of the XRD diffraction, after the changes of properties, the peak of the (001) move to left obviously. Therefore, to put the quatrnary amines into montomorillonite made the bigger spaced at interval, which was also analyse to prove the facts by DTA and TGA. After a series of absorbent research, the results reveal that the organic montomorillonite can almost absorb 100%of the dye wastewater, which proves that the interval of montomorillonite became bigger after properties changed by quatrnary amines, and the effect ion of deposition of reactive dye turns out very well. Meanwhile, the possibility of recycling the organic montomorillonite was discussed to reach the condition of the lower capital with highly economic effection.
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Wang, Hsin-ho, and 汪新和. "Study of flexible Dye-sensitized Solar Cell." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xz43w6.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
光電與材料科技研究所
96
In this study, dye-sensitized solar cell with nano-TiO2 thin film electrode prepared by electrodeposition method on a flexible plastic substrate was fabricated, and investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, and current-voltage characteristics analyses. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the TiO2 anatase phase forms well as thin film deposited. From the results of SEM image, the surface of as-grown thin film is porous. While using a compress mechanism to condense a nano-TiO2 thin film, we can get a smooth surface of film. From the results of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and current-voltage characteristics analyses, the porous, smooth and condensed thin film will improve the absorption of dye and increase electrons transferred from dye to the conduction band of TiO2,resulting in the enhancement of efficiency for dye-sensitized solar cell.
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Huang, Wei-Gang, and 黃唯罡. "Lifetime Study of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42261321884246425233.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立聯合大學
光電工程學系碩士班
104
In the thesis, we discuss the performance change of the DSSCs (Dye Sensitized Solar Cells) versus time. It is found that the open-circuit voltage (VOC) increases, short-circuit current (JSC) decreases, while fill factor (FF) increase with the storage time of the devices. We also test and analyze the working electrode, photosensitizer (N719 dye), electrolyte and counter electrode separately to find the cause of the performance change. According to the experimental results, we find the performance of DSSCs decays because of : (1) the oxidation of working electrode, (2) desorption and degradation of dye under illumination, (3) the loss of electrolyte, and (4) the solvent volatilization of electrolyte. The increase of VOC is contributed to the irreversible change of oxidation potential of the TiO2 working electrode. The decrease of JSC is caused by the degradation and desorption of dye molecules under illumination, which result in the decay of the absorption and is also irreversible. Furthermore, both the loss of electrolyte and the solvent volatilization of electrolyte result in the decrease of JSC. However, they can be recovered by re-injecting electrolyte and the solvent. Finally, optimize the performance of the DSSCs and suggest the manufacturing process so that the devices having higher stability and longer lifetime can be obtained.
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衛子健. "A Study on Dye-sensitized Solar Cell." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94975735056744382572.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立清華大學
化學工程學系
96
The dissertation describes the author’s findings relating to the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) system during his PhD work. Six chapters including first two introductory reviews and later four experimental results are elaborated in this thesis. To give a clearer picture of this thesis, the main contents are summarized as follows: Chapter 1 introduces some general concepts of solar power and photovoltaic, including the magnitude of solar electricity potential and market, classification of solar cells and fundamentals of solar cell. Chapter 2 is a reviewing work which collects at least 86 listed references. After the author’s digestion, the contents of this chapter are classified into 2 main categories: the components of DSSC and the natures of DSSC. For better systemization, each topic is further splitted into several parts like substrates, anode materials and cathode materials…etc. Chapter 3 addresses on the significance of anode’s structure and the practical examinations from commercially available TiO2 nano-particles. By modifying or executing treatments on TiO2 films, the conversion efficiency of DSSC advances from 3.89% to 6.01% by employing commercial TiO2 nano-particles. The author also proposes future hints and directions for reaching highly efficient DSSC. Chapter 4 states a unique method to prepare catalytic cathode for DSSC. Based on the knowledge and findings developing for Pd-catalyst in printed-circuit board industry in author’s laboratory, he modifies that system and successfully applies it in DSSC field. The novel cathode, PVP-capped Pt nano-clusters are deposited on ITO glass via a simple 2-step dip-coating process. This materials exhibits fair good catalytic performance at relatively low Pt usage in comparison with sputtered Pt electrode. Data revealing in this chapter also suggests the PVP surrounding nano-Pt plays an important role on ion-diffusing property and catalytic performance. The most important contribution of this work is this method involves neither vacuum facilities nor high temperature environments; it can operate in ambient temperature for cheaply mass production. Chapter 5 introduces a novel cathode material for flexible DSSC. This is a internationally collaborative work with Prof. Miyasaka in Toin Yokohama University, Japan. We design and prepare a Pt/Ti bimetallic layer on PET film as an efficient counter electrode for flexible DSSC, the satisfying result exhibits not only highly catalytic performance on iodide/tri-iodide reaction but also low Pt usage by filling non-catalytic Ti under Pt-rich surface. Finally, a highly efficient flexible DSSC with 4.31% efficiency comprises TiO2 film on ITO-PEN and Pt/Ti counter electrode is fabricated. Chapter 6 illustrates the synthesis of a micro-porous polymer film with cross-linking structure system. After soaking in liquid electrolyte, the wet film can utilize as the electrolyte in DSSC. The benefit of this electrolyte system is it not only shows comparable ionic conductivity to that in pure liquid electrolyte but also exhibits high mechanical strength when compare to traditional gel electrolyte system. The author also point out the significance of film thickness in polymer electrolyte system.
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Wang, Yu-Min, and 王裕民. "Feasibility study of simultaneous dye decolorization and bioelectricity generation using indigenous dye-decolorizing microbes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41340654290072260347.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
99
This study quantitatively explored interactive characteristics of simultaneous bioelectricity generation and dye decolorization (SBG&DD) in air-cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cells (SC-MFCs) using indigenous Proteus hauseri ZMd44. After approx. 15 cycles (ca. 30 days) of acclimatization in dye-bearing cultures, P. hauseri could express its stable capability of simultaneous bioelectricity generation (the maximal output voltage and decay rate were 137.0±3.0 mV and 1.20±0.01 d-1, respectively) and color removal (93–94% decolorization) in MFCs. Moreover, during acclimatization in same cultures the maximal output voltage of strains Enterobacter cancerogenus BYm30 and Enterobacter cancerogenus BYm30 were 185.5±3.8 mV, 179.7±0.5 mV and the decay rate wastants were 1.48±0.31 d-1, 11.1±2.1 d-1, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to determine electrochemical characteristics of microbial fuel cell (MFC) based on Klebsiella pneumoniae ZMd31, indicating that the solution resistances decreased from 30.8 Ω to 23.7 Ω. Evidently, appropriate acclimation strategy to generate the electrochemically active anodic biofilm played a crucial role to enhance the performance of SBG&DD in MFCs. Gradually increased supplementations of C.I. reactive blue 160 resulted in progressively decreased decay rates of bioelectricity generation. That is, a dye decolorized in a faster rate would result in a lower capability for bioelectricity generation and vice versa. In addition, a reduced dye with less toxicity potency (e.g., 2-aminophenol, 2AP) might work as a mediator for electron transfer to anodic biofilm for bioelectricity generation in MFCs. The ranking of isomeric aminophenols for electron mediators in MFCs could then be shown as 2AP > 3AP > 4AP. Compare to other MFCs, Aeromonas or Klebsiella sp. seeding mixed culture MFC had better performance of SBG&DD. This study showed the promising SBG&DD of reactive blue 160 (RBu160) in SC-MFCs containing Exiguobacterium indicum NIU-K4 dominant microbes. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) and EIS findings also indicated that supplementation of RBu160 significantly augmented current production in the salty MFC.
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Ranwaha, Tshifhiwa Steven. "Density functional theory study of adsorption of cronconate dyes on TiO2 Anatase (010) and (100) surfaces." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1359.
Full textAbstract:
MSc (Physics)Department of Physics
Currently the dye sensitized solar cells have attracted more attention due to their low cost, transparency and flexibility. These types of solar cells use the dye molecule adsorbed on TiO2 semiconductor in Nano architecture with the role of absorbing photons, in recent research attempts are being made to shifts the absorption spectral of TiO2 to visible and near infrared–region of solar spectrum to achieve maximum photo absorption which yields to an increase in the efficiency of the dye sensitized solar cells. In the current study, density functional theory (DFT) was used to model two croconate dyes (CR1 and CR2), one with an electron donating methyl group (CR1) and the other with an electron –withdrawing caboxyl group (CR2). The geometric, electronic and optical properties of these dyes were compared. The adsorption behaviour of the two dyes on (010 and 100) anatase TiO2 surfaces were investigated in this study by employing first principle calculation based on DFT using a plane-wave pseudo potential method. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) was used in the scheme of Perdew-Burke Ernzerhof to describe the exchange -correlation function as implemented in the CASTEP package in Material Studio of BIOVIA. The adsorption results shows a spontaneous electron injection followed by efficient regeneration of the oxidized dye molecules by the electrolyte and strong binding ability of CR2 to the TiO2 surface, but also shows a comparable binding strength of CR1. The results of this study will help in the design of high efficient dye for DSSCs.
NRF
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羅紳睿. "The Study of Chitosan with FWA dye in the Cellulose by the Different dye process." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95141175066665422152.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
高分子工程系
91
Abstract The purpose of this study is to use whitening agents dye on whiten cellulose. In the meantime We controlled chitosan solution between PH3 and PH5 to coat on the fabric.We tested the fabric their whiteness、anti-microbial and to know the effect of the process、PH value. The results indicated that to process in once bathe couldn’t achieve high whiteness，cause to adopt twice process. While the chitosan’s concentration increase the anti-microbial properties would be increase，the fabric’whiteness would be decreased. Dissolve chitosan in low PH value would increase the electropositive of amide and the anti-microbial properties would increase. To wash the fabric after the anti-microbial properties would be reduce but the anti-microbial properties still to remain.
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Chen, Chien-Yi, and 陳昭蓉. "On the study physical properties of fluorescent-dye and the concentration of fluorescent-dye reasrch." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33072118376191010867.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國文化大學
應用化學研究所
91
Abstract The conformation of the fluoresent dye molecules such as 6-amino-2-oxiranylmethyl-benzo﹝de﹞isoquinolines-1,3-dione, 6-amino-2-（1-hydroxymethyl-2-phenyl-ethyl）-benzo﹝de﹞isoquinoline-1,3-dione,6-amino-2-phenyl-ethyl-benzo﹝de﹞isoquinoline-1,3-dione and 6-amino-2-（3-phenyl-propyl）-benzo﹝de﹞isoquinoline-1,3-dione have been proven by NMR,MS,IR and Fluorospectrophotometer .These fluorescent dye reacted with toluene diisocyanate and other additives to form the molecular structure of the fluorescent dye-based polyurethane ionomer have demonstrated by IR spectra . To further study the fluorescence performance,these fluorescent dye exhibit the fluorescence at 537nm and their fluorescences appear to increasing concentration of the fluorescent dye as well. The self-cured film made by the fluorescent dye-based polyurethane ionomer was dissolved in meta-cresol solvent . Subsequently , the fluorescent dye extracted from the above solution was fully invsingated using vu-vis spectrophotometer. Form the uv-vis spectrophotometer study ,the amount of the fluorescent dye linked to the backbone of the polyurethane ionomer molecule can be calculated from the plot of the absorbance versus the concentration of the fluorescent dye molecule . This thesis has successfully established an analythetical method used to analyze the amount of the fluorescent dye present in polyurethane ionomer molecule .However, the difference between the theoretical and experimental values is within ±10％ .Therefore,this analytical method is reasonale.
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Yen, Han, and 嚴涵. "Study of Coordination and Adsorption of Dye and Improvement of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Efficiency." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29972770359659307915.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
99
Alternative energy sources such as solar energy have attracted an extensive interest in the petroleum shortage era. Among solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) attracts the attention of widespread research teams because of the easy-production process, low cost, and good photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. In this study, both UV and acid solution such as HCl are used to improve the efficiency of DSSC. The UV illumination can eliminate organic contaminates on TiO2 by photocatalysis and enhance the adsorption of dye molecules. Meanwhile, the coordination mode between TiO2 and dye could be changed and lower the electron transportation. If the HCl solution is used after UV illumination, the coordination mode can be preserved. Moreover, H+ from HCl can attract the COO－ anchoring group of dye by electrostatic force. It further increases the adsorption of dye and improves the DSSC efficiency. The coordination mode was measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The internal resistance was measured by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The chemical properties were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The light absorbance was measured by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The morphology was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The performance of the cells was measured by a semiconductor device analyzer. In our results, the conversion efficiency was improved from 6.29% of untreated one to 6.71 and 7.39% for UV and UV + HCl treated ones.
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Chi, Ting-Ta, and 紀廷達. "Study of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal lasers." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26669236590308201151.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
光電科學與工程研究所
95
This experiment demonstrates an inherent direction-tunable lasing effect in a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (DDCLC) film. This novel lasing effect with continuous variation of wavelength of laser output was found and is blue-shifted as the detected polar angle increases. The photons propagating in different polar angle (θ) experience an effective pitch of P0．cos(θ) in one-dimensional cholesteric planar structure, where P0 is the original pitch of the CLCs in normal direction. In the reflection photonic band-edges, the photons experience a long dwelling time inside the periodic structure and its spontaneous and stimulated emission is strongly enhanced, generating the lasing effect. This direction-tunable lasing effect has not been observed before, we believe that this is because of the defect in the fabricated CLC cell. If the CLC cell is not perfect and includes many structural defects, the defect scattering of the normal lasing mode will significantly suppress the inherent direction-tunable lasing effect. Besides, the dependences of the polarization property and the pumping threshold energy of the laser output on the polar angle have also investigated.
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Chien, Fu Mei, and 簡富美. "Formulation Study of Natural Hair Dye with Lac." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01337540807249117040.
Full textAbstract:
碩士樹德科技大學
應用設計研究所
100
Natural hair dye is the future trend in hair color market. In this study, we compared different extraction methods to explore the extraction yield of natural color from the lac. Another purpose was to find the better formula for color and mordant dyeing by matching colors experiment and mordant dyeing experiment, and for the colorfastness to washing. Besides assessing efficacy of nature hair dye, finally, we colored white hair and performed skin allergy evaluation. The experimental result revealed that the better extraction yield of lac was 0.25％with water by ultrasound-assisted extraction. We also found that ultrasonic degumming method had higher lac quantity percentage which was 3.401% ( the degumming solution is 95% ethanol, and then used ultrasound-assisted extraction method with solvent of water). In color formula examintaion, C4 formula had good presentation (lac 2.5%＋Hematoxylin2.5%＋Xanthan gum1.5%＋pure water 93.5%). The better mordant dyeing formula was AM3（lac 2.5%＋Hematoxylin 2.5%＋Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1%＋Xanthan gum1.5%＋pure water 92.5%）. The better result of testing for colorfastness to washing was AM3 formula（ lac 2.5%＋Hematoxylin2.5%＋Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1%＋Xanthan gum1.5%＋pure water 92.5%）. AM3 formula also had great color permeability for hair. Meanwhile, C4 formula had better hair color in dyeing result（lac 2.5%＋Hematoxylin 2.5%＋Xanthan gum1.5%＋pure water93.5%）for elderly white-hair, and the result was yellow. The better colorfast effect after three times washing for white hair was provided by C4 formula（lac2.5%＋Hematoxylin2.5%＋Xanthan gum1.5%＋pure water 93.5%）. In allergy testing, AM3 formula developed slight skin allergy reaction in 20% subjects. This formula needs further adjustment in order to meet the requirement of allergy. In contrast, C1 and C4 formulas revealed no skin allergy. Future work should encompass how to cover white hair with darker color successfully by nature hair dye.
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Yang, Chao-Lin, and 楊兆麟. "A Study of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Process." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73448970298868696322.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
精密工程學系所
99
In this research, the fabrication of nano-titanium oxide thin film of DSSC what are more porous and higher surface area, and the relative influence of process parameters there are two major topics : (1) Using the sol-gel method to fabricate work Electrode by titanium oxide thin film, (2) Characterization of titanium oxide thin film, (3) Analysis the orientation of titanium oxide thin film, (4) After the annealing of titanium oxide thin film to product more porous, we try to make the pores be filled completely by the dye, and shorten the absorption time between titanium oxide and dye, (5) The absorption spectra of dye-sensitized solar cell, (6) Characterization of DSSC performance . In this research we analysis influence the effectiveness of the process for the component range by using several measurement, and our final goal expects the process of DSSC also has a high conversion efficiency.
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Chang, Chao-Kai, and 張兆凱. "Electrochemical Impedance Study of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36652087314579316020.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
材料科學與工程學系
103
In this study, we use electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis to confirm the corresponding reaction mechanisms to five resonance peaks in the Bode plots of dye-sensitized solar cells. In the future, if anyone want to improve the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cell, we can compare measurement results by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis before modification and after modification, following the same approach. By referencing this study, one can find out after the modification which component associated with certain mechanism will be affected by the modification, and to tell whether modification was successful. This provides a great help to our group in continuing the study of dye-sensitized solar cells in the future. From the analysis of Bode plots we found five resonance peaks A, B, C, D, and E, associated with five mechanisms, respectively. These five mechanisms were deduced from a rigorous process of elimination and differentiation from seven possible mechanisms that has passed a preliminary elimination process. The corresponding mechanisms are listed here. The first is the electron recombination at the interface between ITO and TiO2 (mechanism 1), responsible for A peak, where its response frequency is about 10-1 ~ 100 Hz. The second is the electron recombination on titanium dioxide surface with the electrolyte (mechanism 3), responsible of B peak, where its response frequency is about 100 ~ 102 Hz. The third is the charge redistribution above the interface between titanium dioxide and electrolyte solution when increase the applied voltage (mechanism 5), responsible for C peak, where its response frequency is about 101 ~ 103 Hz. The fourth is electron recombination at the interface betwwen electrolyte solution and the Pt counter-electrode (mechanism 7), responsible for D peak, where its response frequency is about 103 ~ 104 Hz. The fifth is electron recombination with holes in ground state level of dye in the dye molecule (mechanism 4), responsible for E peak, where its response frequency is about 104 ~ 105 Hz. In addition, the resonance peak associated with electron transport in TiO2 layer (mechanism 2) cannot be resolved in our measured Bode plots, because of the very small phase difference angle in our measured Bode plots. Similary, the resonance peak associated with ion transport in the electrolyte (mechanism 6), with response frequency about 10-1 ~ 100 Hz, vii cannot be resolved easily either, since it has also a very small phase difference angle that can only be observed under magnification. We identified some reaction mechanisms and their reaction rates that were yet reported in the literatures or clearly explained using Bode plots. In this study, we successfully, through different experiments using Bode plots and lots of discussions, found the corresponding reaction rate associated with three mechanisms. These mechanisms are the electron recombination in the interface between ITO and TiO2 (mechanism 1), the redistribution of charge above the interface between titanium dioxide and electrolyte solution (mechanism 5), and ion transport in the electrolyte solution (mechanism 6). The confirmation of the presence of the mechanism of the charge redistribution above the interface between titanium dioxide and electrolyte solution (mechanism 5) is our special contribution since the corresponding resonance peak was difficult to be seen in Bode plots measured only at VOC, as a common practice adopted in conventional studies. With the help of found formula in the literature, we confirmed the decease of peak phase difference angle is caused mainly by the decrease of equivalent impedance of the interface. We also learned that the voltage drop across the TiO2/electrolyte interface is most significant compared with those across other interfaces, in response to increase of the applied voltage, from the observation of the trend of phase difference angle change first increase then decrease with applied voltage of B peak, for the ever dye-immersed devices. From the capacitance vs. voltage diagram for dye-immersed devices, we can see capacitance for B peak increases steadly, unlike that of D peak, because the dielectric layer associated with capacitance of peak B is substantively present while that for peak D is not, which makes the capacitance associated with peak D eventually declined at high voltages. In addition, that the phase difference for C peak will be smaller as the of the applied voltage increases was observed. This trend let us know that the interface capacitance will also be smaller as the applied voltage increases, and charge stored at the interface between TiO2 and electrolyte solution will be varied with the increase of voltage. We further studied the voltage dependence of interface charge distribution at the TiO2/electrolyte solution interface by considering three factors that may affect the concentration of I - , I3 - at the interface and predicted that the concentration viii of I-, I3- at the interface is higher that that away from the interface at zero bias. Finally, we compared the Bode plots of devices with electrode without dye soaking and that with dye soaking, and found that the device without dye soaking has an earlier declination of capacitance of D peak with voltage as the film thickness increases. This is because that the devices without dye soaking produce larger current on the Pt counter electrode surface which cause the destruction of the electrical double layer on the surface. Keyword : Spin coating, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Titanium dioxide, Bode plots, Dye-sensitized solar cell, resonance peak
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Liu, Yung-Chin, and 劉勇進. "Application and Study of Phthalocyanine and Azo Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85652032548787094481.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
生物技術與化學工程研究所碩士班
97
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been considered as one of the most promising solar cell technologies for their low cost and high efficiency comparable to that of silicon solar cells. The aim of this study is developing efficient and stable DSSCs. We focus on the development of the following two key materials: 1. the organic dyes do not contain noble metals; 2.high specific surface area nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes. We prepared the DSSCs consisting of mixed phthalocyanine and azo dyes instead of single dye system to utilize the broad spectrum of sunlight. The performances of DSSCs were discussed. The structure, optical and electric properties were characterized by using FT-IR ,UV-vis and CV analysis. Sol-Gel precipitation was applied to make TiO2 thin film electrode. The crystalline phase, grain size and surface morphology of titanium oxide were characterized by using XRD, BET and SEM to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the films characteristic and microstructure. The study also investigated the effect of variable thickness of TiO2 on the efficiency of DSSCs. The AC-impedance analysis of DSSCs show that the performance of DSSCs improved with increasing thickness of TiO2 until 13μm of thickness. At last, We analyzed the performance of DSSCs using IV-curve to get the efficiency of various DSSCs.
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Liao, Yu-Yun, and 廖祐昀. "A Study of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell by vegetable dyes and an application." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fa4j3a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
98
The study is mainly discuss the difference of vegetable dyes to absorption efficiency of Dye sensitized solar cells. We use P-25 TiO2 powder to make electrode through Doctor Blade Technique in this study. The ITO surface thin film by coating, the primary of thin film was firmed by tape’s thick, and it was located in sintered at 200℃ for 2h ; the dye manufacture used 75% alcohol to extracted roselle and ipomoea, the extraction of dye concentration to fix at 20%. To compare with the next experiments in easy way ; the black dye used 99% alcohol to allot concentration at 3×10-4M. After Dye sensitized solar cells was finished. Use the 150W-Solar Simulator and UV-Visible Spectrometer to discuss within the parameters of I-V measurement and absorption wavelength. In the same time, we proceed the single dye, mix dye, and add carbon to obtain the parameters of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor, energy conversion efficiency, and absorption wavelength. Finally, we apply to the best parameters of Dye sensitized solar cells,and the battery in series to increase voltage to make dye-sensitized solar cells can reach the computer''s power supply for small, indoor fluorescent light and sunlight outside of the actual conduct of tests to verify the accuracy of experimental. Keywords: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, TiO2 , Doctor Blade Technique, Vegetable dyest
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Ting, So-yi, and 丁守儀. "Application and Study of Cyanine and Azo Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65321104153239518066.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
生物技術與化學工程研究所碩士班
97
The aim of this study is developing efficient and stable dye sensitized solar cells. We focus on the development of the following two key materials: 1. the organic dyes do not contain noble metals; 2.high specific surface area nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes. In the part of dyes, we have designed and synthesized the Azo dye having absorption of short wavelength, and mixed it with the Cyanine dye having absorption of long wavelength instead of single dye system to utilize the broad spectrum of sunlight. The performances of DSSCs fabricated in the mixed dyes system were discussed. The adsorption of organic dye on this membrane of TiO2 were characterized by using FT-IR and UV–vis. The optical and electric properties of organic dyes were characterized by using UV-vis and CV analysis. The structure of organic dyes were characterized by using NMR、FT-IR and EA, respectively. In the part of titanium oxide membrane, we apply sol-gel method to make TiO2 membrane electrode. The crystalline phase of TiO2 were characterized by using XRD. The specific surface area and pore size were measured by using BET. The grain size, morphology and thickness of titanium oxide membrane were characterized by using FE-SEM to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the films characteristic and microstructure. The study also investigated the effect of variable thickness of TiO2 on the efficiency of DSSCs. The AC-impedance analysis of DSSCs show that the performance of DSSCs improved with increasing thickness of TiO2 until 10.25μm of thickness. At last, we analyzed the performance of DSSCs by using IV-curve to compare the efficiency of DSSCs contained single dye with the efficiency of DSSCs contain mixed dye.
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Schwanitz, Konrad Christian Norbert. "The TiO2/Dye/Electrolyte Interface in the Dye Sensitized Solar Cell: A Synchrotron Induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/1166/1/Konrad_Schwanitz_PhD-Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In this work it has been attempted for the first time to investigate the complete working electrode (half cell interface: TiO2/dye/electrolyte) of the Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) by means of photoelectron spectroscopy. The scope of this work is to investigate the interfacial interactions between the adsorbates and the TiO2 substrate, rather than bulk processes within the substrate or electrolyte. Since the coverage of the dye onto the TiO2 substrate amounts only up to one monolayer, a highly surface sensitive method, as Synchrotron Induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (SXPS), has been applied to investigate the topological, chemical and especially the electronic interactions within the working electrode interface. The photoelectron spectra have been recorded predominantly at the U49/PGM-2 and the TGM7 beamlines at BESSY, and some have been measured at the Darmstadt Integrated System (DAISY). For preparation and analysis of the solid/liquid interfaces a specifically designed experimental workstation (SoLiAS) has been employed, run by the Surface Science Group of Materials Science at the University of Technology in Darmstadt. All investigated interfaces have been prepared in the Ultrahigh Vacuum (UHV) and transferred to the analysis chamber without contamination by ambient air. In order to be able to adsorb the solvent in the UHV, a liquid nitrogen cooled manipulator has been used at SoLiAS. The adsorption of acetonitrile and benzene onto the untreated TiO2 substrate reveals the interactions of the solvent molecules with the substrate to a different extent. Whereas acetonitrile quenches Ti3+ sites of reduced coordination numbers and oxygen vacancies to a considerable amount, the interaction of benzene is rather weak. In contrast to acetonitrile adsorption, where a fraction of molecules is obviously chemisorbed to the surface, benzene molecules are mostly physisorbed. Of special interest for the function of the DSSC device is the directional transfer of holes and electrons due to the distinct geometry of the dye molecule, often referred as "vectorial charge transfer". This implies, that the dye ideally works as an electronic membrane, transferring holes and electrons into opposite directions. Therefore the orientation of the dye and its coupling to the TiO2 substrate is the crucial point to allow an effective charge separation. By coadsorption of polar acetonitrile onto the dye sensitized anatase surface, a reorientation of the dye molecules has been deduced. In contrast, the coadsorption of unpolar benzene molecules does not involve an orientation change of the dye molecules. Thus it is concluded that the reorientation of the dye molecules depends on the polarity of the coadsorbed solvent. The additional adsorption of electrolyte species onto the dye sensitized TiO2 substrate, including an iodide anion, the cation (1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium) and the solvent acetonitrile, has been performed. In this work it has been postulated that by the interaction between the HOMO of the dye and the iodide ions, additional states closely below the HOMO level are formed, which are probably involved in the hole transfer from the HOMO to the reduced redox couple species, the iodide ion. By means of a homogeneous distribution of the iodide by the coadsorbed solvent, it could be shown, that the electrolyte salt is dissolved in the solvent, probably activated by the synchrotron beam. Thus the relevance of the model experiments at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte salt/solvent interface corresponding to the real, solid/liquid TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface is evidenced.
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Ho, Kevin, and 何浩千. "Study of optoelectrical properties of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15892715397206840433.
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碩士大葉大學
電機工程學系碩士在職專班
95
The optimal Solar Cells must meet the following requirement: (1).Higher efficiency. (2).Low costs. (3).Good reliability and stability. (4)More Application. According to above-mentioned four points, because the cost and application are limited to the material problem in the traditional PV Cell, it is unable to get good improvement. Observe Dye-sensitized Solar Cells, because of its congenital advantage, the production cost is low and the application is extensive too, only efficiency and stability has not got good improvement yet, so it is incomparable research and development in the future. The modified Shockley equation were used to correlated the diode characteristic of dye-sensitized solar cells. The series resistance, Rs and diode quality factor, n were derived from the intercept and slope of corresponding equation, respectively. The Rs and n can be regarded as two of the most important criteria in evaluating the cell performance. The results show that the no. of spin-coated layers is proportion to the thickness of TiO2 thin film. Besides, the open circuit voltage, Voc of the as-deposited DSSCs always kept constant(500~520mV) until the thickness of TiO2 film reached certain value(20mm) after which the Voc of the cells decreased apparently. The optimal thickness of TiO2 film (Ln) calculated form photoelectron diffusion model theoretically was 10mm which is in accordance those obtained experimentally from our studies(dye: TCPP). The Jsc of as-prepared DSSCs were first increased as the thickness of TiO2 film increased. This tendency is coincident with those of Rs calculated from the modified Shockley equation. From the calculated values, the Rs reaches its minimal of 123W for four layers TiO2 thin films with thickness of 13mm while the maximum Rs has value of 506W for the TiO2 thin films with thickness of 27.5mm during which the Jsc became vague. However, no matter what the thickness of TiO2 film is, the FF seems to be kept within 0.33~0.35. One of the main reasons for such low value of FF might come from the instability of sensitized used in ous system.
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Lo, Wei-Chen, and 羅偉誠. "On the study of metal-complex dye polyurethane ionomer." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67474805466374744369.
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Lin, Cheng-Min, and 林成旻. "Study on gelled electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82e8ds.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
100
This study’s main focus is on dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using PAN organic particles as the main body of the gelled electrolyte, and also using different combinations of solvents to measure its efficiency towards solar cell. This experiment used LiI and I2 as raw material to produce the electrolytes. and used different ratios of PC and EC as solvents to compare the results. The study selected Doctor-Blade(DB) method and Slit and Spin Coating methods to produce photo-anodes at different rotation speeds to show the effect that different thicknesses of film has and to measure its efficiency. For the dye, this research used chemical dye N719 and added electrolytes to it to enable it to redox, also as an application of electrolytes on dye-sensitive solar cell. Finally the cell was packed into a sandwich structure, and photoelectric conversion efficiency conversion efficiency tests were performed on the dye-sensitive solar cell. The result of the tests showed that when PAN is 20wt% and the combination of EC and PC at the ratio of 8:2 has the greatest photoelectric conversion efficiency conversion efficiency; the experiment used Spin Coating methods rotating at 500rpm to produce photo-electrode; also, by adding X100 into the photo-electrode of TiO2 pastes the experiment achieved the greatest photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.58%.
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Chiang, Tsung-Ju, and 蔣宗儒. "Study on the Photoanodes of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qwnagp.
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碩士國立東華大學
材料科學與工程學系
102
In this study, we use the screen-printing method to make titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoelectrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Degussa P-25 nano powders are used to produce slurries. Ethyl cellulose and Alpha-Terpineolare are used as viscous agent and dispersant, respectively. Various additives are used to improve the photoelectric effect of the dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, different process parameters are studied, including increasing the thickness of TiO2, adding a compact layer, treatment of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), and adding acetic acid. The studied devices are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM),electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. Experimental results show that the performances of the investigated DSSCs are improved.
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CHIH-HUNG, HSU, and 許志宏. "Study of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Graphene Electron." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2dgaxf.
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博士國立臺北科技大學
光電工程系研究所
104
This work aims to improve the conversion efficiency of dye- sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by introducing a new material, graphene, in to the DSSCs structure. Graphene is a potential material for many applications due to their high electron mobility, outstanding optical properties, and thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. Therefore, this study changes several parameters, structures, and methods to optimize and compare with the traditional DSSCs . There are three major respects about with or without graphene, (1) the method of plating or sputtering, and the structure of (2) graphene/TiO2 and Graphene/ZnO Nanoparticles DSSCs (3) or TiO2/graphene/TiO2 in DSSCs solar cells. Finally, this research knows that the method of sputtering is much better than plating, the conversion efficiency of solar energy with graphene/TiO2 was increased from 1.62 % to 3.72 %, and the conversion efficiency with TiO2/graphene/TiO2 sandwich structure was increased from 1.38 % to 3.93 %. It means that the new material, graphene, works in enhancing the conversion efficiency of DSSCs .
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Chou, Jyun-Chung, and 周俊忠. "Study of dye characteristics for the luminescent solar concentrator." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48214719788095271785.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
102
Previous studies had proposed systematic structures for tandem luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). However, as the use of two or more waveguide plates in combination with dyes is required, they are different from typical LSCs that put a single kind of dye over a single-layered waveguide. In order to simplify the tandem LSCs to be the single-layered configuration, this study proposed the color mixing from two of the three dyes in colors of red, orange, and green to make the mixing dyes of red-orange, orange-green, and red-green colors. They were then coated on the waveguide to form the dye-mixing LSCs for observing the effect of extending the spectral range of radiation. Besides, this study compared the waveguide strength between the single-layered dye-mixing LSCs and the double-layered single-dye LSCs. With the CCD spectrometer, the measurement results show that the dye characteristics of double-layered single-dye LSCs allow more extension of the spectral range of radiation. Furthermore, this study coated three dyes in colors of red, orange, and green to the waveguide plates with different thicknesses of the same material as well as the waveguide plates with the same thickness of different materials to conduct experimental measurements and observe the dye characteristics. The experimental results show that thicker waveguide plates provide higher light intensities from waveguides. The waveguide plates made of the plastic material can obtain better light intensities than those made of the glass material.
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李瑞英. "Study the dye industry chain of Jiugyonglin,Meinung district." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32822392262711155022.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
客家文化研究所
103
Abstract Meinong is the focal point of Hakka village life located in the south of Taiwan. Meinong has shown diligent hard work continuously under the watchful eyes of the media. It is a place famous for its Hakkanese Blue Shirts which have a very strong connection to Meinong. Hakkanese Blue Shirts symbolize a place such as Meinong. In the past, there were not many people discussing this relationship to the Blue Shirts, Hakkanese had forgotten the connection as well. They all remembered wearing Blue Shirts but they had not made the connection to the once flourishing Blue Dye industries of the past in Meinong. Memories of the history of the industry were like pieces of a puzzle spread everywhere that were not connected and had not been organized until a little known book called "Meinong Zhen Zhi". What do we know about the history of the Blue Dye industry in Meinong? What are the relationships between Blue Dye and Blue Shirts? How do Blue Shirts support the Hakka people? The author will give logical answers by connecting the research, historical artifacts and agricultural surveys to find the last pieces to this puzzle. It is hoped the article can offer enough information as a reference for youth who are back to work for their hometown and also make up for the lack of complete studies and research. The purpose of the study is as follows: 1. The history of the Blue Dye fabrication industry in Meinong. 2. The relationship between Blue Dye, Blue shirts and the Hakka people. 3. Discussions on Jiou Syong Lin Blue Dye developments. The methods of the study will include collecting research, historical remains, agricultural surveys, information on Blue Dye and books on Meinong Zhen Zhi, magazines and newspapers. The article will be presentable for elders as a way to recover the history of the Jiou Syong Lin Blue Dye industry. The purpose will be to find the necessity and the value of the Blue Dye industry by going through all of the different of elements in an analysis of the Blue Dye development process. Key words：Zhen Zhi，Blue Dye ， Colective memory ， Oral histories