Journal articles: 'DYE DEGRADATION CAPABILITY'

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Singh, Gurpreet, Moolchand Sharma, and Rahul Vaish. "Exploring the piezocatalytic dye degradation capability of lithium niobate." Advanced Powder Technology 31, no. 4 (April 2020): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2020.01.031.

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Lin, Ching Hsing, Chen Yu Chang, Yu Jie Chang, Yao Chuan Lee, Mei Yin Hwa, and Yu Sen Chang. "Photosensitization of Dye/TiO₂ Thin Films by Using Natural Dye of TCPP." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.923.

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The Dye-Sensitized TiO2 thin film fabricated by TiO2 nanoparticles is a novel technology with advantage in low cost, little pollution and simple in manufacturing process. The fiber-shaped reacting sites provide enlarged photo-sensing area of the TiO2 thin films. Natural dye of TCPP was applied to improve the photo absorbability in this study. Besides, a novel plasma surface activation technique employed on the thin film showed well performance compared with previous reports by heating methods. The SEM images demonstrate that the nano-TiO2 composites deposited on the fiber substrate. Degradation of acetone under 365 and 420 nm light irradiation were conducted to evaluate the photocatalytic ability of the TiO2 and TCPP/TiO2 thin films. While TiO2 thin films gel catalyst showed good photocatalytic performance with a high degradation efficiency of 99.9%, only about 80% conversion efficiency was achieved by the TCPP/TiO2 thin films reactor under 365 nm light irradiation. Although the TCPP dye on TiO2 nanoparticle shows beneficial reflection intensity in 420 nm, the acetone degradation capability of TiO2 and TCPP/ TiO2 thin films reactor decreased about 30% and 25% respectively compared with the degradation efficiency under 365 nm.

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Zissi, U., and G. Lyberatos. "Axo-dye biodegradation under anoxic conditions." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1996): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0588.

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Biological oxidation of azo-dyes is important for wastewater treatment. Azo-dyes are synthetic organic colorants that exhibit great structural variety. A large majority of these dyes are released into the environment. The textile industry and dyestuff manufacturing industry are two major sources of released azodyes. In the present study, we focus on the anoxic degradation of a disperse azo-dye, p-aminoazobenzene (pAAB), a simple azo-dye, by a pure culture of Bacillus subtilis, growing on a synthetic medium. Bacillus subtilis is a bacterium capable of using nitrate and/or nitrite as terminal electron acceptor under anoxic conditions. This bacterium lacks the capability for fermentation. The degradation of p-aminoazobenzene by Bacillus subtilis was examined through batch experiments in order to elucidate the mechanism of dye degradation. The results proved that Bacillus subtilis co-metabolizes p-aminoazobenzene under denitrifying conditions, in the presence of glucose as carbon source, producing aniline and p-phenylenediamine as the nitrogen-nitrogen double bond is broken.

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Ain, Qurat Ul, Usman Rasheed, Muhammad Yaseen, Hanbing Zhang, and Zhangfa Tong. "Superior dye degradation and adsorption capability of polydopamine modified Fe3O4-pillared bentonite composite." Journal of Hazardous Materials 397 (October 2020): 122758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122758.

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Hsiao, Po-Hsuan, Sasimontra Timjan, Kuan-Yi Kuo, Joon-Ching Juan, and Chia-Yun Chen. "Optical Management of CQD/AgNP@SiNW Arrays with Highly Efficient Capability of Dye Degradation." Catalysts 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11030399.

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The facile synthetic method for the preparation of incorporated carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) with well-aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays is demonstrated, offering the superior photodegradation capabilities covering UV to visible wavelength regions. By examining the morphology, microstructure, crystallinity, chemical feature, surface groups, light-emitting, and reflection characteristics, these hybrid heterostructures are systematically identified. Moreover, the involving degradation kinetics, band diagram, cycling capability, and underlying mechanism of photodegradation are investigated, validating their remarkable and reliable photocatalytic performances contributed from the strongly reduced light reflectivity, superior capability of charge separation, and sound wettability with dye solutions.

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Amarasinghe, Achala, and Dakshika Wanniarachchi. "Eco-Friendly Photocatalyst Derived from Egg Shell Waste for Dye Degradation." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (September 26, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8184732.

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This study is focused on removal of dyes in water bodies using calcined egg shell powder obtained from waste egg shells as a new material for photocatalytic dye removal. The photocatalytic activity of calcined egg shell powder (CESP) was compared with the raw egg shell powder (RESP) under light and dark conditions. The results reveal that CESP has significantly a higher dye degradation capability of 80% compared to the RESP which is 20% under the same condition. Furthermore, under light conditions, CESP has shown nearly 50% increase in dye degradation compared to the same material in the dark. The kinetics of dye degradation follows pseudo-second-order kinetics suggesting the chemisorption process and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm is best fitted (R2 value is 0.96 for the linear fit) with the dye adsorption process. The application of CESP in industry is studied with a textile acid dye Lanasyn Rez F5B, and the results reveal it follows pseudo-second-order kinetics in dye removal.

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Pius, Minu, Frincy Francis, and Santhi Joseph. "Enhanced Thermal Diffusivity and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation Capability of Zinc Ferrite/Silver/Silver Chloride Nanocomposites." Journal of Nano Research 78 (April 17, 2023): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-383q35.

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Herein, we report for the first time the thermal diffusivity of zinc ferrite/ silver/ silver chloride nanocomposite with a four-fold enhancement in comparison with the base fluid. A systematic analysis of the dependence of calcination temperature and synthesis routes on the crystallinity of nanocomposites of zinc ferrite with silver and silver chloride suiting it for diverse applications was done. Synthesized via the co-precipitation method, the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray, Vibration sample magnetometer, ultraviolet-visible Diffusive Reflective spectroscopy and Photoluminescence studies. A zeta potential of -31.1mV was obtained for the sample showing good colloidal stability. The thermal diffusivity of the samples as nanofluids was analyzed using the dual beam thermal lens method. The study also envisages the magnetically retrievable and visible light-active nature of the synthesized samples indicating their suitability for photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes. The work on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue stands out in attaining rapid, efficient dye degradation of 98% within 90 minutes of sunlight exposure in comparison with unblended zinc ferrite nanoparticles even without any oxidizing agent.

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Chen, Shuang-Qin, Yang Shao, Meng-Ting Cheng, and Ke-Fu Yao. "Effect of residual stress on azo dye degradation capability of Fe-based metallic glass." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 473 (October 2017): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.07.030.

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Vinayagam, Ramesh, Raja Selvaraj, Pugazhendhi Arivalagan, and Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan. "Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic dye degradation capability of Calliandra haematocephala-mediated zinc oxide nanoflowers." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 203 (January 2020): 111760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111760.

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Miao, Fang, Qianqian Wang, Siyi Di, Lu Yun, Jing Zhou, and Baolong Shen. "Enhanced dye degradation capability and reusability of Fe-based amorphous ribbons by surface activation." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 53 (September 2020): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.02.075.

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Suvarna, Asha R., Anvitha Shetty, Sneha Anchan, Nasreena Kabeer, and Sneha Nayak. "Cyclea peltata Leaf Mediated Green Synthesized Bimetallic Nanoparticles Exhibits Methyl Green Dye Degradation Capability." BioNanoScience 10, no. 3 (April 23, 2020): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12668-020-00739-9.

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Zhu, Jia, Xue-Jun Shao, Zongan Li, Chia-Hui Lin, Cheng-Wan-Qian Wang, Keran Jiao, Jian Xu, Hong-Xia Pan, and Ye Wu. "Synthesis of Holmium-Oxide Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared Imaging and Dye-Photodegradation." Molecules 27, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113522.

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The development of multifunctional nanomaterials has received growing research interest, thanks to its ability to combine multiple properties for severing highly demanding purposes. In this work, holmium oxide nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized by various tools including XRD, XPS, and TEM. These nanoparticles are found to emit near-infrared fluorescence (800–1100 nm) under a 785 nm excitation source. Imaging of the animal tissues was demonstrated, and the maximum imaging depth was found to be 2.2 cm. The synthesized nanoparticles also show the capability of facilitating dye (fluorescein sodium salt and rhodamine 6G) degradation under white light irradiation. The synthesized holmium oxide nanoparticles are envisioned to be useful for near-infrared tissue imaging and dye-degradation.

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Carletto, Riccardo A., Fabiana Chimirri, Francesca Bosco, and Franco Ferrero. "Adsorption of Congo Red dye on hazelnut shells and degradation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium." BioResources 3, no. 4 (September 23, 2008): 1146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.3.4.1146-1155.

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The present work concerns the experimental evaluation of hazelnut shells as a low cost natural biosorbent. Adsorption of the direct azo dye Congo Red was performed within a concentrations range of 50-5000 mg/L. Hazelnut shells were employed as organic support for Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultures to study the best cultural medium composition for the MnP production. The capability of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to take macronutrients as carbon and nitrogen from hazelnut shells was demonstrated. Cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium were carried out with hazelnut shells coming from Congo Red adsorption tests, showing that 43% of the adsorbed dye was degraded.

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Yin, Xiaofeng, Yingjie Sun, Xiaojun Wu, Xiaoning Li, Huan Liu, Wen Gu, Wei Zou, Liuyang Zhu, Zhengping Fu, and Yalin Lu. "Superior adsorption capability and excellent photocatalytic activity derived from the ferroelectric external screening effect in Bi3TiNbO9 single-crystal nanosheets." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 9 (2020): 2864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cy02513h.

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Yi, Guangshun, Xiukai Li, Yuan Yuan, and Yugen Zhang. "Redox active Zn/ZnO duo generating superoxide (˙O2−) and H2O2 under all conditions for environmental sanitation." Environmental Science: Nano 6, no. 1 (2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8en01095a.

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Durian-like Zn/ZnO core/shell particles demonstrated excellent bacteria-killing properties and good dye degradation capability under all conditions where the killing power is related to superoxide (˙O₂⁻) and H₂O₂ radicals.

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Verma, Shiv Kumar, Anand Kumar, Moti Lal, and Mira Debnath. "Biodegradation of Synthetic Dye by Endophytic Fungal Isolate in Calotropis procera Root." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (September 25, 2015): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13136.

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In this study, based on colony morphology characteristics, a total of 19 fungal endophytes were isolated from root of Calotropis Procera a traditional Indian medicinal plant. All fungal isolates were screened for their dye degradation ability. The dyes used as test dyes were Rose Bengal (RB), azo dye Methyl Red (MR), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and Methylene Blue (MB) and the concentration of each dye in the experiment was kept 100mg/L. Among the 19 fungal endophytic isolates (CPR1-CPR19), only one isolate CPR4 showed strong dye decolourization capability against all the four test dye. Dye decolourization ability by the isolate CPR4 was determined to be 97.4%, 87%, 65% and 45% for Rose Bengal (RB), Methyl Red (MR), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and Methylene Blue (MB) respectively. Complete colour decolourization was observed with rose Bengal followed by Methyl Red. Glucose minimal medium was used for liquid and solid culture of fungal isolates. Fungal biomass production in the presence of four test dye was studied and compare with control culture of fungal endophytes. Effect of temperature, pH, stationary and agitation conditions on dye degradation was also studied.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 373-380

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Czarnecki, Celeste R., and Robert L. LaDuca. "Structural diversity and dye degradation capability of copper 1,2-phenylenediacetate coordination polymers with flexible dipyridylamide ligands." Polyhedron 161 (March 2019): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2019.01.017.

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Munir, E., A. Lutfia, A. Hartanto, A. A. N. Fazri, C. Herdiyanti, R. Pratama, O. B. I. Sinaga, Z. A. Ramadani, and P. Hasanah. "Potential of landfill microbes in hydrocarbon degradation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 977, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012095.

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Abstract Bioprospecting study of indigenous microbial community is still being approached especially for some microbial strains in bioremediation aspect. The objective of this study was to obtain a collection of indigenous bacterial and fungal isolates capable of growing on hydrocarbon medium. Soil samples were collected from Terjun Landfill located in Medan City, North Sumatra. Mineral salt agar medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) of hydrocarbon sources (diesel oil, pesticide, dye wastewater) was used to screen the microbial capacity in utilizing the hydrocarbon compounds as sole carbon source. Each isolate was categorized based on their growth performance or colony diameter on agar medium namely none (-), slow (+), moderate (++), and rapid (+++). The results obtained a total of 27 bacterial isolates and 6 fungal isolates. Majority of microbial isolates showed a better growth on pesticide medium than in diesel oil and dye wastewater which indicated their capability in converting the pesticide as nutrient. It is worthwhile to investigate the further application of our indigenous strains in contaminated areas in order to ensure the environmental sustainability.

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Fu, Lu, Zhiyu Huang, Xiang Zhou, Liumi Deng, Meng Liao, Shiwen Yang, Shaohua Chen, Hua Wang, and Luoxin Wang. "Ferrous-Oxalate-Modified Aramid Nanofibers Heterogeneous Fenton Catalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation." Polymers 14, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 3491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173491.

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The heterogeneous Fenton system has drawn great attention in recent years due to its effective degradation of polluted water capability without limitation of the pH range and avoiding excess ferric hydroxide sludge. Therefore, simple chemical precipitation and vacuum filtration method for manufacturing the heterogeneous Fenton aramid nanofibers (ANFs)/ferrous oxalate (FeC2O4) composite membrane catalysts with excellent degradation of methylene blue (MB) is reported in the study. The morphology and structure of materials synthesized were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy spectrum analysis (EDS), infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) equipment. The 10 ppm MB degradation efficiency of composite catalyst and ferrous oxalate (FeC2O4) within 15 min were 94.5% and 91.6%, respectively. The content of methylene blue was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Moreover, the dye degradation efficiency still could achieve 92% after five cycles, indicating the composite catalyst with excellent chemical stability and reusability. Simultaneously, the composite catalyst membrane can degrade not only MB but also rhodamine B (RB), orange II (O II), and methyl orange (MO). This study represents a new avenue for the fabrication of heterogeneous Fenton catalysts and will contribute to dye wastewater purification, especially in the degradation of methylene blue.

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Fdez-Sanromán, Antia, Bárbara Lomba-Fernández, Marta Pazos, Emilio Rosales, and Angeles Sanromán. "Peroxymonosulfate Activation by Different Synthesized CuFe-MOFs: Application for Dye, Drugs, and Pathogen Removal." Catalysts 13, no. 5 (April 29, 2023): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13050820.

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In this study, three CuFe-MOFs were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal process by changing the ratio of solvents, salts, or temperature. These MOFs named CuFe(BDC-NH2)R, CuFe(BDC-NH2)S, and CuFe(BDC-NH2)D showed rod-shaped, spindle-like, and diamond-like structures, respectively. The CuFe(BDC-NH2)D and CuFe(BDC-NH2)S were found to exhibit an improved PMS activation for Rhodamine B removal attaining levels around 92%. Their effective removal capability was investigated as a function of the pH, catalyst dosage, and the effect of the application of UV radiation. The best degradation system was photo-assisted activation of PMS when CuFe(BDC-NH2)D and CuFe(BDC-NH2)S were used. Under these conditions, the degradation of a mixture of antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs (sulfamethoxazole and antipyrine) was evaluated with the results revealing the total degradation of both drugs after 1 h. A higher antibacterial activity was attained with the system CuFe(BDC-NH2)R/PMS due to the high copper content with respect to the others.

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Rahman, Qazi Inamur, Arif Ali, Naseem Ahmad, Minaxi B. Lohani, S. K. Mehta, and Mohd Muddassir. "Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Rods for Enhanced Visible Light Driven Dye Degradation." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 7716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18713.

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Here, we report simple and efficient method to synthesize CuO rods using copper acetate, hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions via hydrothermal process followed by calcination. The Field emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed that synthesized CuO rods were 2–4μm thick with several micrometers long and grown into high density. The as-synthesized CuO rods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) which confirmed the formation of highly crystalline, single phase pure CuO rods with monoclinic structures. The photocatalytic capability of synthesized CuO rods was executed by monitoring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light illumination. The results showed MB dye degraded about ~70% in just 100 min and followed first order reaction kinetics with rate constant k = 0.01123 mint.1 and R2 = 0.9880.

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Xing, Jianxiong, Qian Liu, Kai Zheng, Jian-feng Ma, Xing’e Liu, Haiyan Yang, Xiaopeng Peng, Shuangxi Nie, and Kun Wang. "Synergistic effect of Fenton-like treatment on the adsorption of organic dye on bamboo magnetic biochar." BioResources 14, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 714–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.714-724.

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Magnetic bamboo charcoal was one-pot synthesized and employed in the removal of methylene blue. The data indicated that three different oxidation states of iron (Fe3O4, FeO, and zero-valent iron) were generated under different pyrolytic temperatures, and the maximum specific surface area was 484.6 m2/g. Both physical adsorption and catalytic degradation of MBC with zero-valent iron exhibited more effective capability to decontaminate organic pollution, as the zero-valent iron acted as a Fenton-like catalyst under aerobic conditions. In addition, the obtained magnetic bamboo charcoal manifested the maximum absorption-degradation capacity of methylene blue which was 73.6 mg/g under the weakly acidic (pH=5) and high temperature (60 °C) conditions, which broadened the applications as compared with the classic Fenton catalyst.

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Islam, ASM A., T. Ferdous, AK Das, MM Karim, and SM Masum. "Photocatalytic degradation of Direct Brown RN dye in the presence of ZnO nanoparticles." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 50, no. 1 (June 22, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v50i1.23803.

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The ZnO nanoparticle was prepared by using Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and NaOH under optimum reaction conditions and the prepared nanoparticle was characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sunlight irradiated photocatalytic degradation of Direct Brown RN dye was studied using ZnO nanoparticle. The results of this investigation revealed that in the presence of sunlight, catalyst load of 0.5 g?L-1 and time of contact of 40 min, ZnO nanoparticle showed substantial capability of destroying Direct Brown RN dye from solution. An actual leather effluent containing Brown RN as a major constituent along with other dyes and dyeing auxiliaries was treated using ZnO and the reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the treated effluent revealed almost complete destruction of the organic molecules along with color removal.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(1), 1-6, 2015

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Rahmati, Roxana, Behnam Nayebi, and Bita Ayati. "Investigating the effect of hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor in increasing the capability of slurry photocatalytic process in dye removal." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 10 (April 5, 2021): 2414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.136.

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Abstract The hydrogen peroxide role in photocatalytic degradation of an anionic azo dye, Acid Orange 7 (AO7), was investigated in a slurry reactor. Commercial ZnO nanoparticles with an average size between 10 to 30 nm were used as catalysts. Optimum conditions for different parameters, including dye concentration (10–100 mg/L), catalyst concentration (0.1–0.5 g/L), and pH (5–10), were determined first in the absence of H2O2. Changes in the COD were measured for the optimum condition. The impact of adding hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations to the system operating at optimum conditions was investigated. It was observed that 0.416 mM hydrogen peroxide increased the system's efficiency and decreased reaction time by 40 min. The reaction followed first-order kinetic. Hydrogen peroxide alone did not contribute to oxidizing the contaminant, and its positive impact was attributed to decreasing electron-hole recombination in the photocatalytic process. Not only can the hydrogen peroxide-assisted photocatalytic process decrease retention time in treatment units, but it can also result in more contaminant degradation. Therefore, it can reduce the treatment cost.

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Huang, Yuan, Ming Li, Long Yang, and Bao-gai Zhai. "Eu2+ and Eu3+ Doubly Doped ZnWO4 Nanoplates with Superior Photocatalytic Performance for Dye Degradation." Nanomaterials 8, no. 10 (September 27, 2018): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8100765.

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Eu2+ and Eu3+ doubly doped ZnWO4 nanoplates with highly exposed {100} facets were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route in the presence of surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. These ZnWO4 nanoplates were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, diffuse UV-vis reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectrophotometry, and photoluminescence lifetime spectroscopy to determine their morphological, structural, chemical, and optical characteristics. It is found that Eu-doped ZnWO4 nanoplates exhibit superior photo-oxidative capability to completely mineralize the methyl orange into CO2 and H2O, whereas undoped ZnWO4 nanoparticles can only cleave the organic molecules into fragments. The superior photocatalytic performance of Eu-doped ZnWO4 nanoplates can be attributed to the cooperative effects of crystal facet engineering and defect engineering. This is a valuable report on crystal facet engineering in combination with defect engineering for the development of highly efficient photocatalysts.

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Afzal, Malik Imran, Sammia Shahid, Sana Mansoor, Mohsin Javed, Shahid Iqbal, Othman Hakami, El Sayed Yousef, et al. "Fabrication of a Ternary Nanocomposite g-C3N4/Cu@CdS with Superior Charge Separation for Removal of Organic Pollutants and Bacterial Disinfection from Wastewater under Sunlight Illumination." Toxics 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110657.

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The synthesis of a photo-catalyst with a narrow bandgap and efficient capability to degrade contaminants in the presence of sunlight is currently challenging but exciting. In this work, an efficient photocatalytic ternary nanocomposite g-C3N4/Cu@CdS has been synthesized successfully by using the co-precipitation method. The synthesized composite was then characterized by SEM, XRD studies, EDX analysis, and ultra-violet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. The catalytic efficiency for the methylene blue (MB) dye and drug degradation (ciprofloxacin) was assessed by UV-visible absorption spectra. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were used to test the fabrication composite’s antibacterial properties. Various compositions (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) of/Cu @ CdS nanocomposite (NCs) and 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% of g-C3N4 NCs were prepared. Results reveal that 5%Cu@CdS and 40%g-C3N45%Cu@CdS showed maximum antibacterial activity and photocatalytic degradation of dye and drug. The X-ray pattern showed no remarkable change in doped and pristine CdS nanoparticles (NPs). The efficient photocatalytic degradation activity of the fabricated ternary nanocomposite against MB dye and ciprofloxacin an antibiotic drug makes it a viable contender for solving environmental problems.

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Amananti, Wilda. "ANALISIS MIKROSTRUKTUR LAPISAN TIPIS TiO2:ZnO YANG DIDEPOSISIKAN DIATAS SUBTRAT KACA DENGAN METODE SPRAY COATING UNTUK DEGRADASI LIMBAH ZAT WARNA." EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA 18, no. 02 (November 30, 2017): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/eksakta/vol18-iss02/81.

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TiO2 is known as a good material candidate for environmental pollutant degradation. A combination of ZnO and TiO2 in the hope of enhancing the ability of ZnO in degrading the dye liquids. Precursor solutions TiO2, ZnO and TiO2: ZnO are deposited using sol-gel method of Spray Coating Technique. Microstructures of TiO2 and TiO2: ZnO thin films with and without the ZnO buffer layer were observed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The photocatalyst activity was tested on Direct Blue degradation. The results conclude that TiO2: ZnO and ZnO thin films can form well above the glass substrate shown by the appearance of peaks of either ZnO or TiO2. But for TiO2 thin layers do not munujukan good results. The incorporation of TiO2: ZnO causes a lattice strain on the thin TiO2: ZnO film resulting in the narrowing of the energy band gap, resulting in increased photocatalytic capability of the thin film. TiO2: ZnO thin film has better photocatalytic capability than TiO2 or ZnO thin films.

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Zhang, Dongfang. "Heterogeneous photocatalytic removal and reaction kinetics of Rhodamine-B dye with Au loaded TiO2 nanohybrid catalysts." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-012-0069-2.

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Heterogeneous photocatalytic removal and reaction kinetics of Rhodamine-B dye with Au loaded TiO2 nanohybrid catalysts Heterogeneous photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye by metallic Au nanopatrticles deposited TiO2 photocatalyst was studied. For this study, a chemical reduction method by hydrazine hydrate for gold deposition was employed in order to synthesize Au/TiO2 nanocomposite system. For the characterization of the synthesized nanomaterials, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), the Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS) techniques were performed. The obtained results show that the deposition of gold onto TiO2 surface could effectively inhibit the recombination of the photoinduced electron and holes, improving the absorption capability for the visible light source and leading to the increased surface OH group density. The degradation experiment reveals that the efficiency of color removal from RhB aqueous solution containing Au/TiO2 powders for the photocatalytic bleaching of RhB dye is more efficient than that of bare TiO2 sample upon UV-vis light activation. In addition, degradation kinetics of RhB dye in aqueous suspensions can be well simulated by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model and obeys the pseudo-first order law, with a decolorization rate of 0.0252 min-1 to the photocatalytic removal of RhB dye.

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Bentham, Richard, Nick McClure, and David Catcheside. "Biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 10 (November 1, 1997): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0374.

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The biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate has been investigated. The waste is an oily emulsion resulting from chemical processing and condensation of grease trap wastes and industrial waste oils. The oil consists of a complex mix of hydrocarbons with significant fuel oil and lube oil fractions. Currently this waste is disposed of by incineration. The feasibility of using a biological pretreatment process to remove a significant proportion of the hydrocarbons has been investigated. Enrichment cultures produced a stable bacterial consortium. Flask cultures of this enrichment culture were capable of rapid emulsification of the oil. Within 10 days, 40–50% of the oil waste was degraded. Degradation was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and by assessment of microbial dehydrogenase activity using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) dye reduction. The enrichment culture consisted of 9 component organisms, 7 Gram negative and one Gram positive organisms. Their degradative abilities in monoculture have been investigated. Degradation of the waste using monocultures was monitored using GC-FID analysis of the Pristane:C17 ratio in the waste. The degradation capability of each of the component organisms in pure culture was similar to that of the consortium.

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K., Neelam, and Shamsher S. Kanwar. "Biodegradation of harmful industrial dyes by an extra-cellular bacterial peroxidase." Environment Conservation Journal 23, no. 3 (May 29, 2022): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.8702144.

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Nowadays the treatment of environmental pollutants such as synthetic dyes (used in multiple industries such as paper, textile, food, plastic and pharmaceutical) has received much attention, especially for biotechnological treatments using both native and artificial enzymes. In this context, many enzymes have been reported to efficiently perform dye degradation. Peroxidase is one such enzyme, which causes dye degradation either by precipitation of chemical structure of aromatic dyes or by opening up their aromatic ring structure. In the present study an extra-cellular peroxidase extracted from a bacterial strain Bacillus sp. F31 JX984444.1 was tested for its capability to decolorize 16 different dyes used in various industries. Out of 16 different textile dyes the Bacillus sp. peroxidase efficiently decolorized 5 dyes out of which 4 triphenyl methane dyes (Basic Fuchsin (BF), Rhodamine B (RB), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBBG) and Malachite Green (MG) showed decolorization up to 95.5%, 70.8%, 70% and 40%, respectively, while a polymeric heterocyclic dye Methylene Blue (MB) showed 66.2% decolorization. These 5 dyes were studied to further enhance their decolorization by peroxidase after purification by optimizing different reaction conditions (temperature, time, enzyme concentration, buffer pH, dye concentration and effect of various salt ions, H2O2 concentration). This study indicates that the extracellular peroxidase (purified) from Bacillus sp. can be used as a useful tool for the treatment (degradation/decolorization) of industrial effluents contaminated with harmful industrial dyes.

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Xu, Yaohui, Chi Deng, Changxue Dong, Qin Wang, and Nunan Gao. "Synthesis and Oxygen Storage Capability of CeO2 Powders for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Orange 7." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (March 17, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8594451.

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Acid Orange 7 (AO7) is one of the most common azo dyes; however, its strong azo bond makes them difficult to biologically degrade. We sought to degrade AO7 dye using CeO2 as a promising alternative photocatalyst. CeO2 powders were synthesized with alternative monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) as a precipitant by solvothermal process combined calcination in air. Compared to the oxygen storage capability of Blank-CeO2 (0.186 mmol O2/g), that of MEA-CeO2 synthesized in the presence of MEA as a precipitant increased by 21.0%, while that of DEA-CeO2 and TEA-CeO2 synthesized in the presence of DEA and TEA as precipitants were decreased. Importantly, such MEA-CeO2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity than Blank-, DEA-, and TEA-CeO2 in degradation of AO7 under simulated sunlight illumination, and the removal rate of AO7 by MEA-CeO2 could reach 98.3% within 100 min.

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Monira, Shirajum, Md Ashifuzzaman, Md Monjurul Islam, Md Jahangir Hossain, Kenji Okitsu, Md Hafizur Rahman, Md Shaharul Islam, and Md Helal Uddin. "Effects of Additives on Sonolytic Degradation of Azo Dye Molecules Found in Industrial Wastewater." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(1)-04.

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The growing number of industries is a threat to our environment, as they expose the polluted water directly into the natural water sources. Various processes have been expanded to evacuate these hazardous organic pollutants from water. Among them, advance oxidation process (AOP) is very popular, as the method is cost efficient and highly effective in the similar field. In this process ultrasound is exercised for the deterioration of these pollutants and occasionally some additives are also added to enhance the degradation. In this article, the author has reported the degradation of two azo dyes, named methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR), in presence of some additives like, inorganic salts, charcoal, H2O2, CCl4, tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), glucose and sucrose. The total experiment was conducted at room temperature and the power of the sonication machine was fixed to 40 kHz-120W. For both of the dyes, it was found that charcoal was most effective additive, which highly enhanced the degradation rate, which was mainly due to its high adsorption capability. TBA found to be the least enhancer for MO, on the contrary, pure CR showed the lowest degradation rate. The effectiveness of additives for MO can be shown as 0.01g charcoal > 20 ml glucose > 20 ml NaCl > 100 μL CCl4 > 10 ml Na2SO4 > 400 μL H2O2 > 10 ml sucrose > pure MO > TBA, while for CR is 0.01g charcoal > combined additives > TBA > 100 μL CCl4 > pure CR, after sonication for 15 minutes in a sonicator.

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Chairungsri, Woottikrai, Patiroop Pholchan, Sulak Sumitsawan, Yothin Chimupala, and Pimluck Kijjanapanich. "Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dyeing Wastewater Using Titanium Dioxide on a Fixed Substrate: Optimization of Process Parameters and Continuous Reactor Tests." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (August 15, 2023): 12418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612418.

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Herein, a preparation of a mixed-phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin layer on glass beads was developed using the modified spray method. This approach was determined to be affordable and easy to operate. Optimum conditions were investigated for the photodegradation of wastewater generated from textile dyeing by TiO2-coated glass beads as a catalyst using the central composite design (CCD). An increase in the direct dye photodegradation rate was observed at lower direct dye concentrations when TiO2 dosages were increased, and the initial pH value was decreased. The optimal conditions involving TiO2 dosage, pH, UV intensity, and dye concentrations were 3 g/L, 5.0, 3000 µW/cm2, and 50 mg/L, respectively, when administered at ambient temperatures. For the batch experiments, the direct dye removal efficiency at 93.7% was achieved within 24 h. The average direct dye removal efficiency was 67.8% and could be up to 80.2% when using a fixed-bed photocatalysis reactor during 30 d of continuous operation. The reused catalyst’s degradation efficiency was not significantly changed, indicating its capability for repeated reuse and the excellent stability of immobilized TiO2 onto the glass beads. This study additionally found that high temperatures could increase the efficiency of color removal.

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Luan, Jingfei, Bingbing Ma, Ye Yao, Wenlu Liu, Bowen Niu, Guangmin Yang, and Zhijie Wei. "Synthesis, Performance Measurement of Bi2SmSbO7/ZnBiYO4 Heterojunction Photocatalyst and Photocatalytic Degradation of Direct Orange within Dye Wastewater under Visible Light Irradiation." Materials 15, no. 11 (June 3, 2022): 3986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113986.

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Originally, the new catalyst Bi2SmSbO7 was synthesized by the hydrothermal synthesis method or by the solid-phase sintering method at a lofty temperature. A solvothermal method was utilized to prepare a Bi2SmSbO7/ZnBiYO4 heterojunction photocatalyst (BZHP). The crystal structure of Bi2SmSbO7 belonged to the pyrochlore structure and face-centered cubic crystal system by the space group of Fd3m. The cell parameter a was equivalent to 10.835(1) Å (Bi2SmSbO7). With Bi2SmSbO7/ZnBiYO4 heterojunction (BZH) as the photocatalyst, the removal rate (RR) of direct orange (DO) and the total organic carbon were 99.10% and 96.21% after visible light irradiation of 160 min (VLI-160M). The kinetic constant k toward DO concentration and visible light irradiation time (VLI) with BZH as photocatalyst reached 2.167 min−1. The kinetic constant k, which was concerned with total organic carbon, reached 0.047 min−1. The kinetic curve that came from DO degradation with BZH as a catalyst under VLI conformed to the second-order reaction kinetics. After VLI-160M, the photocatalytic degradation (PD) removal percentage of DO with BZH as the photocatalyst was 1.200 times, 1.268 times or 3.019 times that with Bi2SmSbO7 as the photocatalyst, ZnBiYO4 as the photocatalyst or with nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity (PA) was as following: BZH > Bi2SmSbO7 > ZnBiYO4 > nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. After VLI-160M for three cycles of experiments with BZH as the photocatalyst, the RR of DO reached 98.03%, 96.73% and 95.43%, respectively, which meant that BZHP possessed high stability. By using the experiment of adding a trapping agent, the oxidative purifying capability for degradation of direct orange, which was in gradual depressed order, was as following: hydroxyl radical > superoxide anion > holes. Finally, the possible degradation pathway and degradation mechanism of DO were discussed systematically. A new high active heterojunction catalyst BZHP, which could efficiently remove toxic organic pollutants such as DO from dye wastewater after VLI, was obtained. Our research was meant to improve the photocatalytic property of the single photocatalyst.

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Sapkota, Kamal Prasad, Md Akherul Islam, Md Abu Hanif, Jeasmin Akter, Insup Lee, and Jae Ryang Hahn. "Hierarchical Nanocauliflower Chemical Assembly Composed of Copper Oxide and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Photocatalytic Dye Degradation." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030696.

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We present the fabrication and proficient photocatalytic performance of a series of heterojunction nanocomposites with cauliflower-like architecture synthesized from copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes with single walls (SWCNTs). These unique photocatalysts were constructed via simplistic recrystallization succeeded by calcination and were labeled as CuOSC-1, CuOSC-2, and CuOSC-3 (representing the components; CuO and SC for SWCNTs, and the calcination time in hours). The photocatalytic potency of the fabricated nanocomposites was investigated on the basis of their capability to decompose methylene blue (MB) dye under visible-light irradiation. Every as-synthesized nanocomposite was effective photocatalyst for the photodecomposition of an MB solution. Moreover, CuOSC-3 exhibited the best photocatalytic activity, with 96% degradation of the visible-light irradiated MB solution in 2 h. Pure CuO nanocrystals generated through the same route and pure SWCNTs were used as controls, where the photocatalytic actions of the nanocomposite samples were found to be remarkably better than that of either the pure CuO or the pure SWCNTs. The recycling proficiency of the photocatalysts was also explored; the results disclosed that the samples could be applied for five cycles without exhibiting a notable change in photocatalytic performance or morphology.

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Hossain, Jahangir, Shirajum Monira, M. Shahinuzzaman, Md Samiul Bari Avick, Md Shaharul Islam, Mst Marjia Khatun, S. M. Abdur Razzaque, and Md Helal Uddin. "Effect of Additives on Decomposition of Methyl Orange and Congo Red Dyes Found in Industrial Wastewater." Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 11, no. 3 (August 1, 2023): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2023/v11i3206.

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A number of textile industries are using different types of dyes which can be a threat to the environment when they are directly exposed without any treatment. The advanced oxidation process (AOP) has become one of the popular methods in which the dye molecules are degraded using microwave irradiation. This method has become popular due to its eco-friendly and cost-efficient characteristics. In this article, the author has reported the degradation of two azo dyes, named methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR), in the presence of inorganic salts, some additives like charcoal, H2O2, CCl4, tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), glucose and sucrose. A comparative study was conducted to find out the relative degradation rate enhanced by various additives. For both of the dyes, it was found that charcoal was the most effective additive and significantly enhanced the degradation rate mainly due to its high adsorption capability. TBA was found to be the least enhancer. The order of effectiveness based on the irradiation period for MO was 0.01g charcoal > 20 ml NaCl > 20 ml Na2SO4 > 20ml glucose> 10 ml sucrose > 100 μL CCl4 > 200 μL H2O2 > pure MO > TBA. On the other hand, the order of effectiveness for CR for the same condition of irradiation was Combined additives>0.01g charcoal > TBA > 100 μL CCl4> pure CR.

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Gaur, Jyoti, Sanjeev Kumar, Mohinder Pal, Harpreet Kaur, Supreet, Rahul Badru, Johnson Momoh, Rishi Pal, and Sunil Kumar. "Bio-engineered, phyto-decorated, multi-form P. betle/ZnO as a potential photocatalytic agent." Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 14, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 035014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/acf28a.

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Abstract The rising levels of water contamination worldwide signal a significant need for new materials for its restoration in the coming years. This study provides a novel, simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approach for the production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) as a promising photocatalyst through the reduction of zinc nitrate hexahydrate using a leaf extract of Piper betle (P. betle). The wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO, with a crystallite diameter of 43.44 nm and an energy band gap of 2.97 eV, was seen in P. betle/ZnO. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study showed that phytochemicals from the P. betle extract were present on the surface of P. betle/ZnO. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analyses revealed the existence of multiple structures scattered evenly (spherical, hexagonal, and rod-shaped). The BET findings indicate that P. betle/ZnO NPs have a highly porous structure with a significant surface area of 97.11 m2/g. The degradation of commercial dye was employed to evaluate the photocatalytic capability of P. betle/ZnO. With ultraviolet radiation, the removal percentage of light green dye might surpass 99% in 80 min with a degradation rate of 2.58 × 10−2 min−1. It was observed that the degradation kinetics follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. P. betle/ZnO is acknowledged as an effective photocatalyst for the treatment of commercial effluent.

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Sapkota, Kamal Prasad, Md Akherul Islam, Md Abu Hanif, Jeasmin Akter, and Jae Ryang Hahn. "Chemical Assembly of Copper Oxide and Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Photocatalytic Dye Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation." Materials Proceedings 4, no. 1 (November 10, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iocn2020-07790.

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We elaborate the synthesis and remarkable photocatalytic efficiency of a series of heterojunction nanocomposites with a cauliflower-like architecture composed of copper oxide (CuO) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The photocatalysts with such a peculiar design were constructed via facile recrystallization followed by calcination and were symbolized as CuO-SWCNT-1, CuO-SWCNT-2, and CuO-SWCNT-3, representing the components and calcination time in hours. The photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized nanocomposite samples were investigated by evaluating the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) solution under natural sunlight exposure. All of the as-synthesized photocatalysts were substantially effectual for the photo-deterioration of MB solution. Moreover, CuO-SWCNT-3 revealed the top photocatalytic capability with 96% decomposition of MB solution in 2 h while being exposed to visible light. Pristine CuO nanocrystals and the SWCNTs were employed as controls, whereas the photocatalytic performance of the hetero-composites was significantly better than that of pure CuO as well as SWCNTs. The recyclability of the photocatalysts was also explored, and the results asserted that the samples could be reused for five cycles without being altered notably in photocatalytic performance or morphology.

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Zhang, Mingliang, Fangfang Duo, Jihong Lan, Jianwei Zhou, Liangliang Chu, Chubei Wang, and Lixiang Li. "In situ synthesis of a Bi₂O₃ quantum dot decorated BiOCl heterojunction with superior photocatalytic capability for organic dye and antibiotic removal." RSC Advances 13, no. 9 (2023): 5674–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra07726d.

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A BiOCl nanosheet decorated with Bi2O3 quantum dots was firstly synthesized by a facile one-step in situ chemical deposition method and exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance for the rhodamine B and ciprofloxacin degradation.

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Fatima, Sabeen, S. Irfan Ali, Muhammad Z. Iqbal, and Syed Rizwan. "Congo Red Dye Degradation by Graphene Nanoplatelets/Doped Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticle Hybrid Catalysts under Dark and Light Conditions." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040367.

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The continuously growing need for clean water has increased research looking for new and efficient ways to treat wastewater. Due to its magnetic properties, Bismuth ferrite, a photo-catalyst, has introduced a novel field of photo-catalysis where the photo-catalytic material could easily be separated from the aqueous solution after wastewater treatment. Herein, a new type of photo-catalysts, composed of Gadolinium (Gd) and Tin (Sn), co-doped Bismuth Ferrite deposited over graphene nanoplatelet surface have been synthesized using a two-step method. In first step, Gd (fixed concentration 10%) and Sn (5%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were doped inside bismuth ferrite (BFO) host using sol-gel method (namely the BGFSO nanoparticles, abbreviated for Gd and Sn doped BFO). In the second step, BGFSO nanoparticles were introduced onto GNPs using co-precipitation method (namely the BGFSO/GNP nanohybrids). The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemical bonding between co-doped BFO and GNP sheets via oxy and hydroxyl groups. The photocatalytic activities of the nanohybrids under both, visible light and dark conditions have been increased, and the maximum degradation activity (74%) of organic dye Congo-red (CR) is obtained for 25% Sn-doped BGFSO/GNP nanohybrid. The photocatalytic activity may be attributed to enhanced adsorption capability, electron storage properties of graphene and the presence of oxygen-rich species inside nanohybrids. Based on the current overgrowing population and need for clean water, these materials present versatile potential as catalysts for wastewater treatment.

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Guo, Lan, Xin Jin, Zhaodi Xu, Aiping Yan, and Yiqun Wan. "LaCO3OH improving photocatalytic activity of In(OH)3/In2S3 heterostructures." Functional Materials Letters 12, no. 05 (September 17, 2019): 1950077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604719500772.

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Lanthanum hydroxycarbonate (LaCO3OH), a kind of fluorescence materials, was less studied in application for photocatalysis. In this paper, LaCO3OH/In(OH)3/In2S3 (LCO/IO/IS) heterostructures were firstly synthesized by a mild two-step hydrothermal method and investigated by various technologies. The activity of as-prepared samples was evaluated by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm). When the content of LaCO3OH is 15[Formula: see text]mol.% (La/In), the obtained sample exhibits the highest performance, beyond two times as high as that of In(OH)3/In2S3. The improved photodegradation activity might be ascribed to higher adsorption capability and photosensitization of RhB due to proper energy structures of the heterostructures, which prompts the effective separation of electrons and holes. This work extends the application of rear earth salts (lanthanum hydroxycarbonate) for purification of dye waste water.

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Akram, Rizwan, Ziyad M. Almohaimeed, Adeela Bashir, Muhammad Ikram, Karwan Wasman Qadir, and Qayyum Zafar. "Synthesis and characterization of pristine and strontium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles for methyl green photo-degradation application." Nanotechnology 33, no. 29 (May 3, 2022): 295702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac6760.

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Abstract Herein we describe an effective route for the degradation of methyl green (MG) dye under visible light illumination by pristine and strontium (Sr)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) photocatalysts (synthesized by the simple chemical precipitation method). The x-ray diffraction structural analysis has confirmed that both photocatalysts exhibit the hexagonal wurtzite structure; without any additional phase formation in Sr-doped ZnO, in particular. The optical properties of the synthesized photocatalysts have been investigated using UV–vis absorption spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 250–800 nm. Through Tauc’s plot, the slight decrease from 3.3 to 3.2 eV in band gap energy has been elucidated (in the case of Sr-doped ZnO), which has been further confirmed by the quenching in the intensity of Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum. This may be due to sub-band level formation between valence and conduction band, caused by the impregnation of Sr2+ ions into ZnO host. The morphological study has also been performed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, which indicates nanoparticles (NPs) based surface texture for both photocatalysts. During the photocatalytic activity study, after 30 min irradiation of visible light, ∼65.7% and ∼84.8% photocatalytic degradation of MG dye has been achieved for pristine and Sr-doped (2 wt%) ZnO photocatalysts, respectively. The rate of photocatalytic reaction (K) has been observed to be ∼0.06399 min−1 for Sr-doped (2 wt%), whereas nearly half magnitude ∼0.03403 min−1 has been observed for pristine ZnO, respectively. The significantly improved photodegradation activity may be ascribed to the relatively broader optical absorption capability, surface defects and the enhanced charge separation efficiency of the Sr-doped ZnO photocatalyst.

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Hussein, Falah H. "Comparison between Solar and Artificial Photocatalytic Decolorization of Textile Industrial Wastewater." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/793648.

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The photocatalytic decolorization of industrial wastewater was investigated by using TiO2and ZnO photocatalysts. Heterogeneous photocatalytic processes applied under natural weathering conditions, in the presence of solar radiation show a promising degradation capability. The complete removal of color could be achieved in a relatively short time of about 20 minutes, when ZnO was used and about 100 minutes when TiO2was used under solar irradiation. However, in the presence of artificial UV-light, complete decolorization of textile industrial wastewater was obtained after less than one hour of irradiation when ZnO was used and in less than two hours, when TiO2was used at the same temperature. The results indicate that the degree of photocatalytic decolorization of textile industrial wastewater was obviously affected by different parameters. These parameters include catalyst mass, type of catalyst, type of reactor, type of dye, dye concentration, and temperature. The procedure used in this research can be used as an efficient technology for solar photocatalytic decolorization of the colored wastewater discharged from the textile industry under the climatic conditions of most countries.

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Hazim, Karrar, Zahraa F. Khudair, Iman K. Kadhim, Lidia Mohamed, Ghusoon Faidhi Hameed, and Faris J. Alyasiri. "Biosynthesis, Antibacterial Activity, The Photocatalytic Performance of ZNO NPS by use of Leaf Extract of the Plant Primo Fiore." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22164456.

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The leaf extract of the plant Primo Fiore was used in this study to synthesize environmentally-friendly nanotechnologies. This eco-friendly method is non-toxic and does not hurt the environment. The approach is cost-effective, simple to use, and extremely efficient, with the ability to adjust the properties of the resultant compounds. For example, the ZnO compound can be controlled using the same plant extract and reaction. The impact of calcination temperature on the physical properties of ZnO NPs has been studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to determine the structural and chemical composition of ZnO NPs (EDX). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the morphological features of produced nanoparticles (TEM). The existence of functional groups was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), according to the FESEM pictures. Most of the nanoparticles are on the nanoscale. This study demonstrated the efficacy of zinc oxide in the treatment of wastewater pollution for the degradation of colors in organic contaminants in the water medium, destroying the dye rhodamine B and its antibacterial properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) have been demonstrated to have a good antibacterial capability against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in this study, to investigate the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Keywords: ZnO NPs; degradation of dye Rh. B ; anti-bacterial; plant Primo Fiore

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Gaim, Tesfamariam, Nigussie, and Ashebir. "Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of N-doped Cu2O/ZnO Nanocomposite on Degradation of Methyl Red." Journal of Composites Science 3, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs3040093.

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In this study, a N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by a co-precipitation and thermal decomposition technique from CuCl2, 2H2O, ZnSO4, 7H2O and CO(NH2)2 as precursors. The as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared analysis (FT–IR) and an ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) reflectance spectrometer. From the XRD diffractogram of N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite, cubic and hexagonal wurtzite crystal structures of Cu2O, and ZnO, respectively were identified. The UV-vis reflectance spectra illustrated that the absorption edge of N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite is more extended to the longer wavelength than ZnO, Cu2O and Cu2O/ZnO nanomaterials. FT–IR bands confirmed the presence of ZnO, Cu2O, and nitrogen in the N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite. Photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized nanocomposite was tested for methyl red degradation using sunlight as an energy source by optimizing the concentration of the dye and amount of the catalyst loaded. The degradation efficiency was greater in N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite as compared to ZnO, Cu2O and Cu2O/ZnO nanomaterials. This is due to the coupling of the semiconductors which increases the absorption and exploitation capability of solar light and increases the charge separation as well. Besides that, nitrogen doping can extend absorption of light to the visible region by decreasing the energy gap. Therefore, N-doped Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite is a solar light-active photocatalyst which can be used in the degradation of organic pollutants.

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Tang, Chenliu, Zhicheng Long, Yidan Wang, Dongze Ma, and Xiaobiao Zhu. "Sulfate Decelerated Ferrous Ion-Activated Persulfate Oxidation of Azo Dye Reactive Brilliant Red: Influence Factors, Mechanisms, and Control Methods." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101207.

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This study investigated the inhibition effects of sulfate on ferrous ion-activated persulfate oxidation of azo dye reactive brilliant red X-3B. The experimental results showed that the degradation efficiency of reactive brilliant red X-3B decreased from 100% to 63% in 60 min when the initial concentration of sulfate increased from 0 to 3 g/L. The ferrous/persulfate molar ratio had remarkable influence on persulfate oxidation capability in presence of sulfate. SO42− could coordinate with Fe2+ and Fe3+ in generating FeSO4 ion pairs as well as FeSO4+ or Fe(SO4)2− complexes, which were difficult to activate persulfate and reduced the regeneration of Fe2+. Radicals quenching and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments showed that ·OH and SO4·− were responsible for the oxidation of reactive brilliant red X-3B; however, the addition of sulfate significantly inhibited the generation of SO4·−, and then the generation of ·OH. Moreover, the corresponding Nernst equation indicated that high concentration of sulfate reduced the oxidation potential of SO4·−/SO42−. Experimental results proved that the adverse effects of sulfate on the persulfate oxidation could be counteracted either by batch addition of ferrous or by adding Ba2+ to remove SO42− in the system.

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Angulo-Ibáñez, Adrián, Estibaliz Aranzabe, Garikoitz Beobide, Oscar Castillo, Amaia M. Goitandia, Sonia Pérez-Yáñez, and Antia Villamayor. "Slot-Die Process of a Sol–Gel Photocatalytic Porous Coating for Large-Area Fabrication of Functional Architectural Glass." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (June 6, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060711.

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The slot-die process is an appealing technology for the fabrication of coatings on large-area substrates. However, its application on the production of photocatalytic coatings based on sol–gel formulations remains virtually unexplored. Thus, assessing the suitable formulation of the sol and operational parameters that allow one to yield high-efficacy photocatalyst coatings is a current challenge. This work aims to analyze the transferability of titania sol formulation optimized for dip-coating processes to slot-die technology. In this sense, firstly, the sol formulation is optimized by analyzing the influence of several types of surfactants on the microstructural features and photoactivity of TiO2 coatings’ growth on glass substrates. All formulations rendered a meaningful porosity and nanoscopic anatase crystallites (11–15 nm) with optical band gap values close to the expectation (3.25–3.31 eV). Accordingly, the performance of the photocatalytic dye degradation was closely related to the porosity and crystallite size led by each titania sol, and no meaningful differences were found between the results provided by the coatings developed by dip-coating and the slot-die method, which demonstrates the capability of the latter for its application on a large-scale fabrication of photocatalytic coatings.

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Luan, Jingfei, Wenlu Liu, Guangmin Yang, Bowen Niu, and Bingbing Ma. "Synthesis and Analysis of In2CdO4/Y2SmSbO7 Nanocomposite for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B within Dye Wastewater under Visible Light Irradiation." Catalysts 13, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13030608.

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A new photocatalyst In2CdO4 was prepared by a solid phase sintering synthesis method at high temperature for the first time in this paper. The In2CdO4/Y2SmSbO7 heterojunction (IYH) catalyst was prepared by the solvent thermal method for the first time. The Y2SmSbO7 compound crystallized in the pyrochlore-type architecture and cubelike crystal system, and the space group of Y2SmSbO7 was Fd3m and the crystal cell parameters of Y2SmSbO7 was 9.51349 Å. The band gap width of Y2SmSbO7 was 2.63 eV. In2CdO4 crystallized with a body centered tetragonal lattice structure which was a tetragonal crystal system with a space group of I41/amd. The band gap width of In2CdO4 was 2.70 eV. After 110 minutes of visible light irradiation (VLGI-110min) with IYH as the photocatalyst, the removal rate (RR) of rhodamine B (RhB) concentration was 100% and the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration RR was 99.71%. The power mechanics invariable k toward RhB consistency and visible light irradiation (VLGI) time with IYH as the photocatalyzer reached 0.03073 min−1. The power mechanics invariable k which was involved with TOC reached 0.03621 min−1. After VLGI-110min, the RR of RhB with IYH as the photocatalyzer was 1.094, 1.174 or 1.740 times higher than that with In2CdO4, Y2SmSbO7 or N-doping TiO2 (N-TO) as the photocatalyzer, respectively. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of IYH was the highest compared with In2CdO4, Y2SmSbO7, or N-TO. With appending a trapping agent, the oxidative capability for degrading RhB, which ranged from strong to weak among three oxidative radical groups, was as follows: hydroxyl radicals > superoxide anion > holes. This work provided a scientific basis for the research which resulted in prosperous development of efficient heterojunction compound catalysts.

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Alahl, Amr A. Sayed, Hesham A. Ezzeldin, Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani, Sadanand Pandey, and Yousra H. Kotp. "Synthesis of a Novel Photocatalyst Based on Silicotitanate Nanoparticles for the Removal of Some Organic Matter from Polluted Water." Catalysts 13, no. 6 (June 8, 2023): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13060981.

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The use of waste from various agricultural sectors has recently drawn increased interest from the scientific, technological, ecological, economic, and social fields. As such, in this study, a novel production of an affordable and environmentally friendly photocatalyst of silicotitanate (S1, S2, and S3) made from silica solution (extracted from rice husk ash) and various molar ratios of titanium (IV) 2-ethylhexyl-oxide is reported. Following that, chitosan/silicotitanate (CHMix) nanocomposite material was created through a crosslinking reaction between chitosan and fabricated silicotitanate (S2). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), as well as N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and zeta potential measurements were used to characterize each of the fabricated samples. Additionally, in comparison to neat chitosan, the newly fabricated material’s (CHMix) photocatalytic reactivity was investigated using two synthetic anionic dyes, reactive blue and Congo red, with decolorization rates of up to 95.76% and 99.9%, respectively. The decolorization results showed that CHMix is the most efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of reactive blue and Congo red. Reactive blue and Congo red’s molecular structures were almost completely broken when equilibrium was reached using sunlight, and the decolorization rate for both dyes was close to 100%. As a result, the combination of chitosan and silicotitanate, or CHMix, has an effective photocatalytic capability for dye degradation in both natural and concentrated sunlight.

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Ong, Yong Por, Li Ngee Ho, Soon An Ong, Johar Banjuraizah, and Abdul Haqi Ibrahim. "Photocatalytic Fuel Cell Based on Zinc Oxide Loaded Carbon Plate Photoanode for Simultaneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes and Electricity Generation." Solid State Phenomena 301 (March 2020): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.301.175.

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Photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is promising to own its synchronous degradation of organic pollutants with electricity generation under illumination of light. The oxidation and reduction process promote the conversion of chemical energy in the pollutants into electrical energy. In this study, PFC is driven by the electrode reactions between the zinc oxide loaded carbon plate (ZnO/C) photoanode and carbon plate cathode under irradiation of UVA light. The ZnO/C photoanode was successfully fabricated by using simple ultrasonication-annealed method and investigated by XRD, SEM and EDX. To investigate the capability of the PFC, reactive red 120 (RR120), congo red (CR) and acid orange 7 (AO7) are employed well compared among themselves. The results indicated that the molecular structure of azo dyes with different adsorption of light by dye itself, number of azo bonds and sulfonic groups can be the crucial factors of decolorization in the PFC. The photocatalytic fuel cell with AO7 as sacrificial agent was able to perform 82.43% of decolorization efficiency, a maximum short circuit current (JSC) of 0.0017 mA cm-2 and maximum power density (Pmax) of 0.0886 µW cm-2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'DYE DEGRADATION CAPABILITY'

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