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Journal articles on the topic 'Dwellings in art'
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1
Dong, Wen Ying, and Ru Fang Zhang. "The Impact of the Folk Art on the Formation of Traditional Dwellings in Western Sichuan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 1738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1738.
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The formation of the traditional dwellings' characteristics in western Sichuan was deeply influenced by the local folk art. To probe historical origins between traditional dwellings and folk art, and accelerate the protection of traditional dwellings, we excavate the profound connotation of folk art in three aspects: Sichuan opera, tea culture and wood carving.
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She, Xing, Hai Bo Wang, Wang Qun Xiao, and Qun Yan. "A Discussion of Building a 3D Model Database and Information Query Plat-Form of Huizhou Traditional Dwellings Decorative Art." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.991.
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This thesis has demonstrated the feasibility of setting up the 3D model database and information query platform of Huizhou traditional dwellings decorative art, by using the digital information acquisition and processing technology, and summarized the terminal design method as well. It provides a technical service means and ways for the research of Hui-style dwellings construction, inheritance of Hui-culture and the related art design practice. This terminal provides a new model of the promotion, propaganda, application and development to the world, for the Hui-style dwellings construction decorative art. It will enrich the digital contents of Hui culture, which has the important practical and strategic significance to the construction of "digital Anhui".
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Liang, Shuang, and Jin Ping Wang. "Analysis on the Decoration of Traditional Dwellings in Shanxi Province - Taking Dwellings in Ding Village of Xiangfen County as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2761.
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Building decoration of dwellings in Shanxi is taken as the carrier of the ancient history and culture, art and science, having the very high historical, artistic and scientific value, and Ding village in Xiangfen is one of the typical representatives which can show the decoration art of traditional dwellings in Shanxi. The thorough analysis and research is conducted based on field investigation and research, by taking Ding village in Xiangfen as an example, and from the characteristics, types, techniques, and moral of the architectural decoration, which plays a certain guiding role in understanding traditional dwellings in Shanxi.
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Xu, Xinhong, and Yuting Niu. "Research on the Strategy of Intangible Cultural Heritage Collection Activation." International Journal of Education and Humanities 5, no. 1 (October 11, 2022): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v5i1.1952.
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Bengbu Ancient Residence Expo Park is named after the collection of ancient buildings in Fujian, Zhejiang, southern Anhui and the Three Gorges reservoir area, and is called the "open-air museum" of Chinese ancient dwellings. From "collection" to "activation", in order to further promote the visual and living inheritance of the park's intangible cultural heritage art, especially to deeply explore the way of the intangible cultural heritage culture of ancient dwellings developing in the same frequency with the new era society, this paper uses a variety of narrative strategies such as serial narration of thematic stories, visual communication, and "ancient dwellings+" tourism culture IP, aiming at activating the charm of ancient dwellings. The "collection and activation" of Chinese ancient dwellings has polished the local characteristic cultural business cards and promoted the ecological development of regional economy.
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Skelton, Pam. "Antagonistic Dwellings: Surveillance in Stasi Germany - An Art Project." German Life and Letters 63, no. 4 (September 23, 2010): 458–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0483.2010.01510.x.
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Tian, Fang, and Jin Ping Wang. "Analysis of Shanxi Traditional Local-Style Dwellings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 1148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.1148.
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Chinese traditional local-style dwelling houses are diverse, Shanxi traditional residents as an indispensable part of the residential buildings in China, stand out by its rich type and unique local characteristics. It is affected by inherent geographical environment, the political and economic, history and culture and customs, and many other factors, makes the Shanxi resident buildings are unique in architectural layout, space composition, plastic arts and sculpture art, gradually, and then form its own architectural style and features.
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Molderings, Herbert. "Pluralität der Zeiten: Über Erinnerung, Zeit und Geschichte im Werk von Charles Simonds." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 86, no. 4 (November 22, 2023): 505–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2023-4004.
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Abstract In the 1970s, American sculptor Charles Simonds created more than a hundred miniature settlements (Dwellings), reminiscent of the architectures of the ancient Puebloans of the American Southwest, in the dilapidated streets of SoHo and Manhattan’s Lower East Side. These Dwellings until now have been discussed exclusively in the context of Land Art and Process Art. This essay offers an alternative perspective by focusing on their character as ephemeral “sites of memory” and on the new concepts of time and history which lie at their roots. Based on the principle of pluri-temporality in history, they share remarkable similarities with concepts of time in critical anthropology and philosophy, namely Johannes Fabian’s critique of “the denial of coevalness” to ethnographic Others and the concept of “folded time” as put forth by Michel Serres.
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Medvedev, V. E., and I. V. Filatova. "A Study of Finds from Excavation I at Suchu Island, the Lower Amur (the 1974 Field Season)." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 46, no. 4 (December 23, 2018): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2018.46.4.022-032.
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Finds unearthed at the Suchu settlement in 1974 include lithics, ceramics, and portable art and ritual objects, now owned by the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography in Novosibirsk. Most of them have not been described before. In this study, they are analyzed using methods of stratigraphy, planigraphy (assessment of position within and between dwellings), petrography and typology (lithics), binocular microscopy (ceramics), and chronology (ceramics, objects of portable art and ritual). The results suggest that finds from excavation I (1974) mostly represent the Middle Neolithic (Malyshevo and Kondon cultures and the Belkachi complex),Late Neolithic (Voznesenovskoye culture), and Final Neolithic. Certain artifacts date to the later periods (Bronze and Early Iron Ages and the Middle Ages). Certain ceramics are unrelated to the Lower Amur complexes. A reconstruction of dwellings is attempted. The typological analysis of lithics revealed a variety of tool and spall types. Various minerals were employed, the principal ones being aleurolite, argillite, and siliceous rocks. Most ceramics, portable art, and ritual objects represent the Middle Neolithic Malyshevo and the Late Neolithic Voznesenovskoye cultures.
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Cantor, Pedro, António Renato Bicelli, Ellon Bernardes de Assis, Mário Rui Arruda, and Fernando Branco. "Report on Existing Fireproof Construction Guidelines for Dwellings against Wildfires." CivilEng 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2023): 657–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng4020038.
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This work presents a state-of-the-art review of existing fireproof construction guidelines for dwellings against wildfires. The most important wildfire-proof construction guidelines and codes for dwellings are presented, and these are later associated with existing fire engineering chapters associated with building codes. It was concluded that the variability in this subject is very high, and the approach to classifying the thermal effects in construction still lags behind scientific consensus. Moreover, the constructive requirements depend severally on the country’s building code when assessing the fireproof requirements for wildfire. Moreover, the thermal actions of wildfires in dwellings are presented and compared with classical ISO-834 standard fire curves, in which the maximum equivalent fire exposure time can range from 2 to 4 h depending on the country’s code. The key contributions of this work consist of (i) thoroughly disseminating codes and guidelines to promote scientific discussion in order to advance the wildfire fireproof standards dedicated to WUI; (ii) emphasizing the void in current codes in order to promote conversation between future researchers.
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Palermo, Dan, Ioan Nistor, Murat Saatcioglu, and Ahmed Ghobarah. "Impact and damage to structures during the 27 February 2010 Chile tsunami." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 40, no. 8 (August 2013): 750–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2012-0553.
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Damage to structures and infrastructure due to the Chile tsunami of 27 February 2010, is presented. Robust, modern engineered structures performed well during this tsunami and, generally, damage only to non-structural components was evident. The majority of damage was sustained by non-engineered residential homes located within the inundation zone. These dwellings consisted of either light timber frame construction or concrete frame construction with brick masonry infill walls. Many of the dwellings incorporated sheet metal as exterior cladding or roofing. The hydrodynamic (drag) forces, impulsive loading, hydrostatic forces, buoyant forces, and debris impact loading were probable sources during the tsunami causing the observed damage. Failures included punching of brick masonry infill walls, partial and complete collapse of load bearing elements such as columns, and sliding and unseating failures of second storey levels and roofs. A discussion of the state of the art in tsunami design practice is also provided.
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Karpiscak, Martin M., Richard G. Brittain, Charles P. Gerba, and Kennith E. Foster. "Demonstrating Residential Water Conservation and Reuse in the Sonoran Desert: Casa del Agua and Desert House." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 9 (November 1, 1991): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0261.
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Single-family homes are being used to demonstrate and research water conserving and reuse techniques and technologies. These facilities can provide real-world data as well as public information and educational programs. The installation of water-conserving fixtures, rainwater harvesting, and graywater reuse systems and storage can reduce the requirements for potable water by 50 percent. Casa del Agua and Desert House show that the science of conserving resources can be balanced with the art of designing quality desert dwellings.
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Gella, Getachew Workineh, Lorenz Wendt, Stefan Lang, Dirk Tiede, Barbara Hofer, Yunya Gao, and Andreas Braun. "Mapping of Dwellings in IDP/Refugee Settlements from Very High-Resolution Satellite Imagery Using a Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030689.
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Earth-observation-based mapping plays a critical role in humanitarian responses by providing timely and accurate information in inaccessible areas, or in situations where frequent updates and monitoring are required, such as in internally displaced population (IDP)/refugee settlements. Manual information extraction pipelines are slow and resource inefficient. Advances in deep learning, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are providing state-of-the-art possibilities for automation in information extraction. This study investigates a deep convolutional neural network-based Mask R-CNN model for dwelling extractions in IDP/refugee settlements. The study uses a time series of very high-resolution satellite images from WorldView-2 and WorldView-3. The model was trained with transfer learning through domain adaptation from nonremote sensing tasks. The capability of a model trained on historical images to detect dwelling features on completely unseen newly obtained images through temporal transfer was investigated. The results show that transfer learning provides better performance than training the model from scratch, with an MIoU range of 4.5 to 15.3%, and a range of 18.6 to 25.6% for the overall quality of the extracted dwellings, which varied on the bases of the source of the pretrained weight and the input image. Once it was trained on historical images, the model achieved 62.9, 89.3, and 77% for the object-based mean intersection over union (MIoU), completeness, and quality metrics, respectively, on completely unseen images.
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Ponte, Alessandra, and Georges Teyssot. "18th-Century Air Conditioning and Purifying: Homage to Carl B. Wadström and George Kubler." Architext 9 (2021): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26351/architext/9/1.
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The paper presents a compelling early example of mechanical air conditioning for the dwellings of Europeans in a colony in West Africa at the end of the 18th century. The scheme was published by the Swedish engineer and abolitionist Carl B. Wadström in An Essay on Colonization (1794–1795), a well-informed compendium of the strategies and politics of colonization implemented by European powers. Wadström’s ingenious air-conditioned house appeared in a 1944 article by the eminent art historian George Kubler under the title “The Machine for Living in 18th-Century West Africa.”
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Polosmak, N. V. "The Pazyryk Dwelling." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 51, no. 1 (April 6, 2023): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2023.51.1.093-099.
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Archaeological fi ndings suggest that the Pazyryk burial chambers made from larch logs replicated dwellings, being a key symbol of culture. Log structures were built on both winter and summer pastures. Parts of them were placed in graves as substitutes for entire houses. Their inner structure corresponded to that of the house. All artifacts in the graves had been used in everyday life, being intrinsically related to the owners’ earthly existence. Felt artifacts functioned in the same way in elite burials and in those of the ordinary community members, although their quality was different. Felt carpets decorating the walls of the Pazyryk leaders’ houses were true works of art, while those found in ordinary burials were simple and rather crude. The typical form of the late 7th–3rd century BC wooden burial chambers in the Altai-Sayan was pyramidal. In the Southern Altai, this form survived until the 1800s–early 1900s in Telengit aboveground burial structures.
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Чернякова, Светлана, and Svetlana Chernyakova. "Features of inheritance of some categories of residential properties." Services in Russia and abroad 8, no. 9 (December 24, 2014): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10807.
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The article considers the issues of inheritance of privatized dwellings with encumbered rights of citizens having the right to use the living quarters; premises in houses of housing and housing co-operatives; as well as the peculiarities of inheritance of shares in the common ownership of a dwelling.
The author points out that the inheritance of privatized premises which are individually owned, carried out in a general manner. However, there are several problems associated with inheritance. In accordance with the Family Code property received by one spouse to the gratuitous transactions, is their property. Therefore, if privatization took place in the payment of certain sums of money, in this case, there is a common joint property of the spouses; if the transfer occurred gratuitously, the subject of property rights is a person with whom the contract was made.
The question of inheritance of premises in houses of housing and housing cooperatives is studied. The specifics of the legal regulation of these relations are determined by the legal status of the cooperatives themselves. In contrast to the general rule, ownership does not arise from the state registration, and upon the payment of a contribution. Regardless of state registration and whether there is a document confirming the ownership of the dwelling, after the death of a member of the construction co-operative, who payd for shares, housing is inherited under the general procedure.
The author studies the question about the features of transactions with shares in the common ownership of dwellings and residential premises belonging to the common ownership. In accordance with para. 2, Art. 246 of the Civil Code a co-owner has the discretion to sell, give, bequeath, pledge in its share or dispose of it.
It should be borne in mind that the sale and exchange shares in the common property shall be permitted only as subject to the preemptive rights of other participants in the acquisition of such shares. Housing is not recognized as common property, when it was purchased at the actual termination of the marriage, and, consequently, the other spouse does not have any rights to housing.
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Ankyiah, Francis, Cyril Kpodo, Robert Amo-Broni, and Asare Donkor Mathew. "When the Artist Studio is Alive, Art is Alive: Empowering Art Educators and Students through Live Studio Practice." Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 21, no. 1 (August 28, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arjass/2023/v21i1457.
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Art education plays a vital role in developing artistic talent and nurturing creativity. However, the challenges facing art education in many developing countries, including Ghana, are significant. Traditional teaching methods, lack of resources, and cultural and social factors are barriers to the development of high-quality art education programmes and the cultivation of artistic talent. This qualitative study uses textual analysis to explore the potential of live studio practice as a solution to the challenges facing art education in Ghana. With regards to duration, investigation time frame falls between 2012 and 2023. The analysis of selected texts related to art education in Ghana reveals several key themes and patterns related to the challenges facing art education in Ghana and the potential of live studio practice to promote practical skills development, creativity, community engagement, professional skills development, and cultural exchange. The findings of this study disclose that policymakers, educators, and practitioners in the field of art education in Ghana does not prioritize the factor of the development of policies and practices that promote the development of high-quality art education programmes and the cultivation of artistic talent in Ghana through the use of live studio practice. In terms of suitable spaces for the critical artistic studio practical aspects, it is uneasy to have comfortable dwellings for the consistent practical works. These factors donate the hindrance of potentials in the amateur artists. This study contributes to the ongoing debate about the future of art education in Ghana and provides insights into the potential of live studio practice as a solution to the challenges facing art education in Ghana and other developing countries.
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George, Andreas C. "State-of-the-Art Instruments for Measuring Radon/thoron and Their Progeny in Dwellings-A Review." Health Physics 70, no. 4 (April 1996): 451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199604000-00001.
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Kudinova, Maria A. "Images of Dogs in Chinese Rock Art." Oriental Studies 19, no. 10 (2020): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-10-23-34.
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The paper analyzes images of dogs in rock art of China. According to the semantics of compositions the following groups can be distinguished: hunting dogs, herding dogs, guard dogs, using of dogs in rituals, mythological and folklore motifs and other images. According to the distribution of different thematic groups of images, two big areas – northern and south-western – can be seen. In northern regions of China (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Gansu Province) the scenes of practical use of dogs (hunting, grazing, guarding herds and dwellings) prevail, which can be explained by the characteristics of the economic structure of the nomadic peoples who inhabited these territories. The images of a horseman followed by a dog and a bird of prey seen in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia can be interpreted as depictions of some motifs of heroic epos of Central Asian nomadic peoples. Other compositions in northern regions have been found to depict not only “realistic”, but “mytho-ritual” interpretations as well. In south-western regions (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Province, Sichuan Province) the images of dogs in ritual and/or a mythological context are more common. It is likely connected with the less practical importance of dogs in the agricultural economy and the higher status of this animal in the spiritual culture of the peoples of Southern China. Rock paintings in Cangyuan County, Yunnan Province, is an exception that combines the images belonging to both traditions, namely a picture of a hunting dog and a dog as a sacrificial animal. Some images cannot yet be deciphered unequivocally.
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Hafli, Teuku Mudi, F. Fasdarsyah, and David Sarana. "PENDAMPINGAN TUKANG RELIEF BANGUNAN DI DESA UTEUNKOT KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE." JURNAL HURRIAH: Jurnal Evaluasi Pendidikan dan Penelitian 3, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56806/jh.v3i4.105.
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Uteunkot is one of the villages in Lhokseumawe City which is one of the fostered villages of Malikussaleh University. As time went on, the increase in population had an effect on changes in land use in Uteukot Village, at first a lot of land was dormant and not used, but with the increasing number of requests for residential houses and boarding houses, there were an increasing number of residential buildings in Uteunkot Village. With the addition of boarding houses or dwellings in the village of Uteunkot, the builders, especially relief workers, were not matched to beautify the appearance of the dwellings or boarding houses in the village. Relief is a sculptural art that is usually done on wood or stone media. Relieving is a job in the construction field that is the most difficult, because it requires perseverance, patience, accuracy and skill. Therefore, a training in the process of making reliefs is needed for builders in the village of Uteunkot. The method used in this activity is to conduct counseling in the form of providing theoretical views regarding positive impacts in the field of relief and relief structures of buildings. After conducting counseling, the training will be continued by installing good and correct reliefs.
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Nesterov, S. P. "Russian-Korean Archaeological Research in the Amur Region in Early 21st Century." Archaeology and Ethnography 18, no. 5 (2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2019-18-5-21-35.
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Purpose. At the beginning of the 21st century, Russian-Korean archaeological expeditions studied two Neolithic sites (Novopetrovka-III, Gromatukha), settlements from the Early Iron Age to the Early Middle Ages (Ozero Dolgoe), and Early Medieval objects (Troitsky cemetery, Osinovoe Ozero) in the Amur Region. In addition to the excavations, the staff of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, the Jeju-do Culture and Art Foundation and the State Research Institute for Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Korea worked on the materials and published articles and four monographs. The main purpose of the joint work was to compare the materials of the Initial and Early Neolithic in the Western Amur Region and the Republic of Korea, and those of the time of the Mohe-Bohai colonization on this territory during the Early Middle Ages. Results. It has been established that Novopetrovka III is dated 8610–9240 years ago. On Gromatukha, finds from layer 3 belong to 16260–8010, from layer 2 to 12820–6740, from layer 1, including the dwelling of the Osinoozerskaya culture, to 4080–3680 years ago. The earliest stage of settling terraces on the shore of Lake Dolgoe is marked with artifacts of the Novopetrovskaya culture. The Early Iron Age is associated with the Urilskaya culture; the dwellings belong to the Talakanskaya (no. 31) and Mikhailovskaya cultures (No. 32). The funeral inventory from the graves of the Troitsky cemetery, which was excavated in 2007 and belongs to the last quarter of the 8th – first half of the 9th century, was deliberately damaged. Observations on the burned wooden structures in the graves showed that they were burned immediately after they were placed in the graves, but before the bones and belongings were buried. The peculiarity of the material from dwelling 2 (9th century) at Osinovoe Ozero is the presence of the Troitsky type ceramics, where fragments of easel and pottery utensils had been made on a pottery wheel. A similar combination of ceramic tableware in the dwellings of the Troitskaya group of Mohe was found in the Amur region for the first time. Conclusion. The international Russian-Korean research in the Amur region has led to the intensification of excavation work. It increased the interest of foreign colleagues to the issues of the settlement and ethnocultural history of the population of Eastern Asia in the Early Neolithic and Early Middle Ages in all the regions including the Amur region.
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Khasanova, Z. F. "The Palas Manufacturing of the Southeastern Bashkirs in the Late 20th — Early 21st Century: to the Problem of Preserving Traditions." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(127) (November 23, 2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2022)5-11.
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The article deals with one of the types of decorative-applied art — the production of lint-free carpets (palases) by the Bashkirs in the south-eastern part of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abzelilovsky, Burzyansky, Beloretsky, Baymaksky districts). The source base of the study was the author's field materials collected in 2010-2021 in the study area. It was revealed that palases were woven on a frameless loom of sheep and goat wool. The palases are characterized by a longitudinal-striped ornament without a border — buoy balaq with a serrated pattern. Woollen palases were an indispensable element of the interior of the Bashkir dwelling: they covered bunks and hosted guests on them. The woven items were a part of the bride's dowry. In the 70-80s of the 20th century in some settlements of southeastern Bashkiria they started to weave lint-free carpets aqy balaq or kelam. On their dark background there were bright plant motifs, rhombuses and polygons.
It was determined that in the late 20th — early 21st centuries, palace production existed in the territory under study. For the most part, the palases produced are used as interior decoration. Carpets neatly laid on a chest occupy a prominent place in rural and sometimes urban dwellings. The material and size of the item changed, but the technique remained the same.
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Ponkratova, Irina Yu. "Middle Neolithic of the Kamchatka Peninsula." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 19, no. 5 (2020): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-5-86-102.
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Purpose. The study of archaeological sites of the Middle Neolithic of Kamchatka should offer a chronology and a set of criteria for identifying the period. Results. The research data is based on the materials of the studied cultural layer, buried dwellings and individual artifacts of 46 archaeological sites. It has been established that the average Neolithic of Kamchatka can be dated back to 4 000–1 500 cal BP. The sites were found on high water-glacial terraces with a height of 4 to 30 meters on the banks of large rivers and lakes, the sea coast of the eastern part of the peninsula. Their number had increased compared to the previous period. Dwellings had become more complex. Perhaps this is due to the need to have more reliable shelters in the conditions of the marine climate and frequent precipitation of volcanic ash. The ground buildings, semi-underground dwellings and workshops for the manufacture of stone tools were found at the sites. Near the dwellings, special fortifications in the form of artificial ditches and ramparts made of stones and soil were also found. These may have been defensive structures. The increased population size, its settlement mainly along the coast in order to develop marine resources, may have caused conflicts between certain groups of the population in the struggle for the best fishing sites. The stone industry is represented by cores (amorphous and prismatic knife-shaped blades) and primary cleavage products (knife-shaped blades of different sizes without retouching, with edge retouching and on both sides). Among the tools there were retouched triangular stone arrowheads without stem and with stem, leaf-shaped, including miniature, arrowheads; knives – narrow and wide-bladed with a dedicated handle, leaf-shaped oval; roughly beaten and polished sharp-edged adzes of different sizes with a sub-triangular and oval cross-section; end scrapers of various geometric shapes; calibrators of arrow shafts. The strategy of life support of society was aimed at hunting for marine mammals, fishing and gathering, including shellfish. In the sphere of spiritual culture, signs of ceremonial activity (labrets) and art (small figurines and ornaments) have also been identified. Conclusion. It is assumed that with an increased population size and changes in the environmental situation, a new way of life of the population developed, associated with a highly specialized and complex appropriating economy which essentially formed its own archaeological culture (Taryinskaya culture).
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Чаудхари, С., and П. Гупта. "Bangdwari: the living tradition of Kangra." Iskusstvo Evrazii [The Art of Eurasia], no. 1(32) (March 30, 2024): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46748/arteuras.2024.01.004.
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В сохраняющих традиционный уклад общинах, как правило сельских, распространено народное художественное творчество, связанное с верованиями и обычаями. Среди различных форм народного, или, как его еще называют, наивного искусства встречается и монументальная живопись, росписи жилища. Развитие этого вида искусства в некоторых местах достигло высокого уровня, и даже сложились характерные стилистические направления. В статье впервые в русскоязычной искусствоведческой литературе представляется сформировавшийся в Индии стиль бангдвари. Бангдвари, традиционная живопись, распространенная среди сельских общин округа Кангра, штат Химачал-Прадеш, является частью повседневных и праздничных ритуалов и продолжает местные художественные традиции. В статье подробно раскрывается технологический процесс создания фресок и демонстрируется высокий художественный вкус народных мастеров. Анализ росписей в виде цветочных орнаментов и композиций выявляет их связь с древнейшими растительными орнаментальными мотивами, которые во многих культурах символизировали образ мирового древа. Анималистический живописный жанр в бангдвари достаточно развит и демонстрирует детализацию и высокую художественную выразительность изображений. Наибольшую ценность представляют выполненные с большим мастерством сюжетные композиции. В них представляются различные события из повседневной жизни, а также из фольклорного и эпического наследия. Обосновывается связь этих композиций со всемирно известной школой индийской миниатюры, получившей название по месту происхождения — школа Кангры. Статья фиксирует технологические, художественные и мировозренческие особенности, характеризующие живую традицию стилистического направления в народном искусстве бангдвари. In communities that maintain a traditional way of life, usually rural, folk art related to beliefs and customs is widespread. Among the various forms of folk art, or naive art as it is also called, there are also monumental paintings and paintings of dwellings. The development of this type of art reached a high level in some places and even formed characteristic stylistic trends. In the article, for the first time in the Russian-language literature on art history, the Bangdwari style developed in India is presented. Bangdwari is a traditional painting that is prevalent among rural communities in the district Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. It is an integral part of daily and festive rituals. The paintings are typically created by women who have no specialized artistic training but continue the traditions of folk artisans. This article describes the technological process of creating murals and showcases the high artistic taste of folk masters. Floral ornamental ribbons are often used in paintings to highlight important structural elements of buildings, such as window and door openings. Inside dwellings, large floral compositions are used to decorate the most significant walls. The compositions have a clearly defined centre and vertical aspiration, which embodies established traditions. Additionally, they allow us to notice their connection with the most ancient plant ornamental motifs, which symbolised the image of the world tree in many cultures. The animalistic pictorial genre is clearly distinguished in Kangra painting. It features detailed 'portraits' of living creatures, including birds, animals, and fish, showcasing their habits and movements. The masters aim for high artistic expressiveness and strive to find an organic connection between the animals and the space they inhabit. The greatest value is represented by plot compositions made with great skill. They represent various events from everyday life, as well as from folklore and epic heritage. The article substantiates the connection of these compositions with the Kangra school of Indian miniature painting. The article documents the technological, artistic, and attitudinal features that define the living tradition of the stylistic direction in Bangdwari folk art.
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Shulgina, O. M. "Sketches and Watercolour Paintings of Aleksander Gorbunkov as an Object of Visual Anthropology (based on the collection of the State Central Film Museum)." Kunstkamera 19, no. 1 (2023): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/2618-8619-2023-1(19)-87-102.
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The article considers a series of drawings made by Russian painer, graphic artist and art historian Aleksander Gorbunkov in 1947–1948. These sketches have ethnographic character and provide a quite accurate depiction of Chukchi dwellings, household constructions, clothing, transport, religious objects and household items of the first third of the 20th century. The collection of sketches and watercolours painted by Gorbunkov has not yet been introduced to the scientific community. However, it is of undoubted interest. First of all, it is due to the fact that the 1930s were the time of tectonic social and cultural changes, which influenced various aspects of material culture of the indigenous people in Chukotka. The works of Gorbunkov can serve as a source for the study of the period when “alien” pan-European elements were being actively incorporated into the traditional patterns of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo material culture. This, in turn, contributed to the selection of certain forms by the indigenous inhabitants, which is reflected in the artist’s sketches.
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Garkusha, V. N., A. V. Novikov, and A. V. Baulo. "Miniature Anthropomorphic Sculptures from Ust-Voikary: Chronology, Context, Semantics." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 52, no. 2 (June 29, 2024): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2024.52.2.108-118.
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We publish a sample of anthropomorphic sculptures unearthed in 2012–2016 at the Ust-Voikary fortified settlement in the circumpolar zone of Western Siberia. This is one of the permafrost sites, where artifacts made of organic materials are well preserved. The vast majority of the sculptures are made of wood, two of sheet metal, and one from a limonite concretion. Four main categories are identified: busts, heads, relatively full anthropomorphic figurines, and masks on sticks. Most of the sculptures follow the tradition of Ob-Ugric art, while a few can be attributed to Samoyedic art. Some figurines have additional elements such as rows of notches and diamond-shaped signs. According to ethnographic data, these signs endowed the sculptures with a sacral status. The finds have a clear archaeological, architectural, and dendrochronological context. Most were discovered in cultural layers dating to the early 1500s to early and mid-1700s. The artistic style is analyzed, and parallels are cited. The sculptures are compared with 18th to early 20th century ethnographic data. The connection of most figurines with dwellings, their small size and style show that they all belong to the ritual wooden anthropomorphic sculpture and were attributes of domestic sanctuaries. They fall into two main categories: family patron spirits and ittarma—temporary abodes of souls of the dead.
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McGinley, Orlaith, Paul Moran, and Jamie Goggins. "An Assessment of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of Energy Efficient Retrofits to Existing Residential Buildings." Energies 15, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010334.
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Quantifying the wider benefits of energy efficient building retrofits is crucial to incentivise householder retrofit investments. This research recognises the value of key performance indicators (KPIs) for assessing and demonstrating retrofitting benefits and provides an assessment of KPIs for evaluating retrofits. An integrated framework for evaluating retrofits using a set of economic, social, and environmental KPIs is proposed. This KPI framework is then applied in a pre- and post-retrofit assessment of five case study dwellings located in Ireland, revealing its usefulness in demonstrating the wider benefits of retrofitting to householders, with a view to driving retrofit investment. Three of these case study dwellings had state-of-the-art retrofit technologies installed as part of the works, including heat pumps and solar PV systems. In addition to demonstrating the wider benefits of retrofitting, the framework allowed for the identification of potential causes for differences in performance of these technologies across households, as well as patterns of underperformance. Such insights are useful for the future design of these technologies and retrofit packages, as well as policy measures, which support householders in the adoption and use of these measures. The results demonstrate that householders experience various benefits from retrofitting. Showcasing the different benefits that householders receive from retrofitting, and their satisfaction with the retrofit works, can serve to de-risk retrofit investments, and inspire others to seek similar benefits through retrofitting. Applying the developed framework to a larger, comparable sample size, can distinguish the retrofit packages, which perform best across the KPIs and various household profiles. Furthermore, the application of the developed framework can serve as an evidence base for retrofit designers, contractors, and policy makers in the design of retrofit packages and policy measures that will maximise the benefit for householders.
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Kudinova, M. A. "Royal Palace of Nanyue Kingdom (Materials for the Educational Course “Archaeology of Foreign Asia”)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 21, no. 7 (September 7, 2022): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-7-9-24.
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Purpose is to present a description of the complex of archaeological sites associated with the palace complex of the Nanyue kingdom, and thereby emphasize the importance of regional centers in the formation of Chinese civilization and attract the attention to understudied topics. Results. The palace district in the capital of the Nanyue kingdom was located on the territory of Yuexiu district in Guangzhou, covering an area of approx. 400 000 sq. m. The complex included the remains of various buildings, household and waist pits, wells, a palace park with a pond and an artificial meandering stream. The nature of some earlier finds remains unclear (stilt dwellings or shipbuilding workshop). The palace complex was built no earlier than the 170s BC and existed until the fall of Nanyue in 111 BC. The palace park is one of the oldest monuments of landscape art in China; it probably served not only as a place for recreation and entertainment, but also as a space for ritual ceremonies.Conclusion. In matters of organizing the space of the palace district, the Nanyue elites were guided by the standards adopted in the capitals of the Qin and Han empires, adapting them to local conditions. The studied archaeological complexes demonstrate a high level of production technologies, urban planning and landscape art. One of the most promising areas of research is the analysis of the semantics of the spatial organization and architectural objects of the palace park.
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Jia, Yuan Yuan, and Jian Yu. "Current Preservation and Development State of Traditional Changzhen (Old Towns)’ Landscape Features." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.310.
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Old towns is like living fossil which has accumulated rich historical connotations; the one carrying the history of a region’ political, economic, cultural and ecological changes as well as the formative art created by collective labors and wisdoms of generations. The preservation of ancient Chinese dwellings and old towns began late; many historical architectures and traditional country fairs are forcibly removed during the transformation of old cities and towns, thus ancient towns with their original historical looks are becoming less and less. In comparison, the preservation and development of old western towns started earlier than china, with rich experience, they offer good examples for china, especially the successful developing way: eco-tourism. By comparing the preservation and development of traditional Chinese towns’ landscape features to that of western ones, this paper points out that the future development of old towns rely on proper handling of the relation between preserving and the feasibility of renewing, so as to maintain the landscape features of old towns in the course of sustainable development.
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González-García, A. César, Benito Vilas-Estévez, Elías López-Romero, and Patricia Mañana-Borrazás. "Domesticating Light and Shadows in the Neolithic: The Dombate Passage Grave (A Coruña, Spain)." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 29, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774318000562.
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Research on the Neolithic monuments and dwellings of Atlantic Europe has shown that plays of light and colour were tools for the social and symbolic construction of the world. The integration of the architectures into the surrounding landscape and the incorporation of the surrounding landscape into the architectures were an essential part of this logic. In this context, recent research in the megalithic passage grave of Dombate has evidenced an unusual physical manifestation of sunlight, which interacts with the decorated back stone. The light-and-shadow phenomenon occurs at sunrise during the period of winter solstice. In this paper we discuss the particulars of this phenomenon and we argue that sunlight when it penetrates the passage and chamber at sunrise on these dates may have dictated how the art was located and applied to the structural stone. Such differentiation seems to have had important cultural and ritual significance and encoded/embedded meaning for the tomb builders and may have implications for the consideration of the symbolic dimension of similar architectures in Atlantic Europe.
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Romanova, O. V. "NATIONAL FEATURES OF TRADITIONAL RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE BUDJAK REGION." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-203-210.
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Most of the homes in the Budzhak region are interesting historical and architectural sites and deserve attention. Considering their current state, one can see the manifestation of a number of architectural features: well-established national traditions, authorship of folk craftsmen, the influence of academic art, historical architectural styles (Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Classicism, Modernist), as well as the features of serial time. The unifying factor is, on the one hand, the similarity of ideological and creative thoughts and the desire of folk craftsmen to give a compositional and stylistic integrity to the whole object-space environment of the manor (in particular, in the exterior and interior of a dwelling house), on the other-ethnic identity manifests itself perfectly recognizable through ornamental motifs and forms by elements of certain national symbols. The article deals with the national features of the traditional residential architecture of Budzhak Ukrainians, Russians, Bulgarians, Romanians, Moldavians, Gagauzians, Germans, selected for research as the most numerous in the national composition of Budzhak (southern Bessarabia) according to the population censuses from 1822 to 2001. Budzhak's national composition is presented in pie charts. The national identity of the compositional features and decorative and artistic means of expressing the dwellings of Budzhak, in particular its central regions (Saratov and Tatarbunar regions of Odessa region) of the given ethnic groups of the population is revealed. In general, the main large volumes and forms of traditional residential buildings are the construction of walls and roofs. Picturesque volumetric compositions acquire buildings with a combined type of roof that is used to cover the intersecting several volumes of the building, the kind with roofs with artistically decorated attic windows, located both in the plane of the roof slope and on the pediment of the main front. The subjects of detailed consideration and research are: ornamental-plastic decor made of cement, brick, lime, metal. Artistic carving -on wood and metal. Artistic forging, as a rule, has common compositional features with the architecture of the home and the estate as a whole. The entrance to the apartment house is decidedly representative and colorful enough. Borrowing and imitating natural counterparts (prototypes), folk craftsmen have created unique works that clearly reflect interethnic and religious-everyday contacts, professional borrowings, family traditions and the achievements of modern times.Photographic examples of dwellings typical of nationality (the second half of the XIX –the second half of the twentieth century) are given. The collected photos are dated 2015, 2017, 2018. Numerous photo materials of the respective states were considered by the author for the identification of houses by nationality: Ukraine, Russia, Moldavia, ATO Gagauzia, Romania, Germany, Bulgaria. The resulting comparative tables and schemes of ethnic influences are quite large in volume and can therefore be illustrated and analyzed in the next article by the author. However, the features noted briefly atthis stage made it possible to draw some conclusions, which made it possible to distinguish the typical residential homes of the studied national groups from the vast number of mixed types characteristic of the South of Ukraine as a historical and ethnographic region as a whole. The distinctive features of the dwellings of Budzhak Ukrainians, Russians, Bulgarians, Romanians, Moldavians, Gagauzians, Germans are considered and detailed, places of decorative and color accents in the general composition of estates are revealed. Tradition is a form of translation of social experience in the philosophical sense. This or that type of stage borrowing of any object that evolves, including culture, is possible provided that the old goes into the new and works in it productively. Tradition acquires the features of stability when it becomes flexible, dynamic, able to absorb the best qualities of artistic cultures of other nations and groups, and also as a result of self-development. A comprehensive study of the featuresof traditional residential architecture provides the basis for the scientific substantiation of restoration works and the unveiling of the tourist potential of Budzhak. Taking into account the multifaceted architectural forms of residential objects, both geographical and sociocultural, it is possible to identify not only the visual and morphological features of traditional residential buildings of different ethnic groups, but also the semantic structure of the image of traditional architecture, which meansto develop certain techniques for the use of ethnic styles. houses for the future. The obtained factual material of this scientific article can be implemented in a wide range of architectural and design activities, as well as cultural, ethno-cultural and art-science practices.
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Dinić, Rastislav. "Perfectionism, Therapy and the Everyday: on Cavell on Makavejev." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, no. 13 (September 15, 2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i13.193.
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A substantial strand in the interpretations of the films of Dušan Makavejev foregrounds the juxtaposition between ordinary life and public perfectionist strivings, and argues that the director takes the side of the former against the latter. A reference to Stanley Cavell, the philosopher to whom we owe some canonical interpretations of Makavejev, appears to be crucial in those readings. However, both Cavell’s and Makavejev’s views on the matters of the everyday are far more complex than the prevailing dichotomous readings suggest. It is my view that the critics who came after Cavell significantly diluted the complexity of his arguments on the everyday, which are not limited only to his writings on Makavejev, but also include his interpretations of Emerson and Wittgenstein. Hence I argue that the more nuanced reading of Cavell’s work – and not just his dwellings on Makavejev – paves the way for the more salient interpretations of the former’s work. Article received: May 2, 2017; Article accepted: May 8, 2017; Published online: September 15, 2017Original scholarly paperHow to cite this article: Dinić, Rastislav. "Perfectionism, Therapy and the Everyday: on Cavell on Makavejev." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 13 (2017): 165-175. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i13.193
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Ben Shoshan, Liat Savin. "Architecture, cinema, and images of childhood in 1950s Britain." Architectural Research Quarterly 22, no. 2 (June 2018): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135913551800043x.
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In 1956, Independent Group member Eduardo Paolozzi, close friend and collaborator of Alison and Peter Smithson, starred in the film Together, directed by Lorenza Mazzetti, who had met him while a student at the Slade School of Fine Art. Strikingly, the imagery and setting of the film shares much in common with the images used by the Smithsons in their work, particularly those by Nigel Henderson, of children playing in the East End. Together is a 52-minute film screened in 1956, as part of Free Cinema programme. East London, with its narrow streets, riversides, docks, and multiple bomb sites, as well as the manner in which this location was shot, expressed the sense of disharmony – even chaos; a scenery patched together out of the remnants of prewar daily routines; a mix of dwellings, cranes, industry, and children running among the ruins. Looking more closely at Free Cinema's use of image and at the postwar concern with childhood allows us to better understand how and why children figured in the Smithsons’ work and how they came to inspire a new creative consciousness in New Brutalism more generally.
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Stoneman, Richard. "Oriental Motifs in the Alexander Romance." Antichthon 26 (November 1992): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006647740000071x.
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Over the centuries, the fabulous adventures of Alexander the Great have become as prominent in art and literature as his historical achievements. Medieval artists in particular are frequent sources of depictions of the hero in such adventures as the search for the water of life, the flight into the air in a basket borne by eagles, the descent into the sea in a diving bell, the interview with the talking trees of India and the visit to the dwellings of the gods. Familiar as these episodes are—or were—it is easy for us to forget how completely new a thing they represent in the tradition of Greek prose writing. With the decipherments of cuneiform some one hundred years ago, a number of scholars concluded that they could not have been developed entirely within the Greek tradition, and posited direct influence from one or more Babylonian or other near eastern sources or traditions to explain the occurrence in Greek literature of these curious tales. Despite the antiquity of these arguments, they have been accepted without examination by many more recent writers on the Alexander Romance.
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Hanan, Ghali, Budi Arifitama, and Silvester Dian Handy Permana. "DEVELOPMENT OF ARTS LEARNING MEDIA USING AUGMENTED REALITY WITH MARKERLESS BASED TRACKING METHOD AT SMKN 47." JISA(Jurnal Informatika dan Sains) 6, no. 2 (December 27, 2023): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31326/jisa.v6i2.1758.
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During the transitional time between Covid-19 and endemic, all Indonesian schools, and SMKN 47 in particular, had restricted educational opportunities. Due to challenges encountered by the instructor and 36 students majoring in accounting in grade 12, they were unable to carry out teaching and learning activities at school; art lesson formats with three-dimensional learning modules must be visualized in 3D. However, with hybrid teaching and learning utilizing presentations, displaying the learned 3D forms is less successful. In order to visualize three dimensions in fine arts classes using augmented reality technology, we require a new learning medium. The application of the Markerless Based Tracking approach in this work enables the presentation of a tracked 3D model in the surrounding environment in real-time by merging the actual and virtual worlds as if their boundaries did not exist. The augmented reality system scans flat surfaces utilizing points, as opposed to markers or other auxiliary media. Points used as pedestals or containers to elevate three-dimensional items. There are three sculptures and three traditional dwellings on show. Online examination outcomes average resulted a 78.2% that the AR Fine Arts application by instructors and students are therefore consistent and well accepted.
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Mikhailova, I. A. "Fathers and Sons through the Lens of Ownership of Residential Premises." Lex Russica 74, no. 10 (November 12, 2021): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.179.10.026-035.
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The paper examines the sociolegal and economic significance of legislative measures taken to support families with children and granting the possibility of using maternal (family) fund for the acquisition, construction or reconstruction of residential premises. It analyzes numerous issues related to the acquisition, registration, exercise and protection of joint tenancy (the right to common share ownership of residential premises) acquired in this way, including: the procedure for determining the share in the ownership of residential premises acquired in this manner. The paper also examines factors on which the size of the share of each of the family members depends and parties to the agreements concluded regarding such a distribution. Much attention is also paid to the issues of whether it is mandatory, when determining the size of a share in the ownership of a dwelling, to take into account the opinion of a child who has reached the age of 10, and the competition between the rights and interests of parents and children in respect of dwellings belonging to them on the basis of a joint tenancy (common share property). On the basis of the analysis of the Soviet and Russian civil and housing legislation in order to prevent the violation of the rights of parents to such property by adult children living with them, the author makes a proposal to legally restrict the administrative powers belonging to children.The author summarizes that the presence of an indissoluble consanguinity in the form of the origin of children from parents and the efforts of parents to take care of the child’s health, to meet the child’s needs, to provide conditions for the child’s full development and education necessitate a special legal consolidation of the rights to living premises belonging to children and parents on the ground of the right to joint tenancy (common shared ownership). The inclusion into Art. 246 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation of provisions restricting the administrative powers of adult children will constitute another step towards the humanization of Russian civil legislation.
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Pötzl-Malíková, Mária. "Gottfried von Rotenstein besucht Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts Südmähren." Opuscula historiae artium, no. 1-2 (2022): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/oha2022-1-2-17.
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The contribution reports on the ennobled Bratislava pharmacist Johann Gottfried Stegmüller, who published reports from his numerous travels in Central Europe in the 1780s and 1790s under the name Gottfried Edler von Rotenstein. In particular, he visited with great interest luxurious aristocratic dwellings, where he then described with unusual precision every detail of their furnishings. The quantity of information contained in his descriptions is appreciated especially by art historians, who have thereby gained many interesting findings. In addition, his descriptions of major festivities are also interesting for the study of social change in the 18th century. In September 1782, Rotenstein undertook a tour of southern Moravia, to which the second part of the paper is devoted. His journey passed through Valtice, Lednice, Židlochovice to Brno, and from there to Austerlitz by Brno. With the exception of Lednice, where he found the gates closed, he could view all the châteaux mentioned in detail. He also gave attention to their large parks and gardens. A second journey to Moravia was made by Rotenstein in November 1790. In his report, he focused on a description of several days of festivities at the château in Valtice, on the occasion of the visit of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.
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Vardanyan, Akop. "Some Criminal Procedure Aspects of Overcoming Counteraction to the Investigation of Crimes Committed by Administrative and Managerial Elite." Russian Journal of Criminology 18, no. 1 (March 22, 2024): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2024.18(1).81-88.
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The investigation of official malfeasance committed by administrative and managerial elites is often accompanied by a number of objective and subjective difficulties. In addition to the specifically forensically relevant features of the subjects of crimes aimed at counteracting the investigation, which is carried out both directly by these subjects or indirectly through defense attorneys and other stakeholders, a significant role is played by the drawbacks found in a number of criminal procedure norms regulating the grounds and the procedures for conducting procedural actions, especially the inspection of the crime scene and other types of inspections. Insufficient clarity of regulations, possibilities of dual interpretations, gaps and collisions lead to a lack of uniformity in their application in investigation and court practice, which acts as a fertile ground for the emergence of conflicts between the prosecution and the defense. Having analyzed the clauses of Art. 176–180 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, primarily in reference to official malfeasance, the author presents his suggestions on improving the wording of specific criminal procedure norms. The author gives his own definition of the concept «the scene of the incident», and argues for its legitimization in Art. 5 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, thus neutralizing both the problem of ambiguous interpretations of this term, and the correlation between the inspection of the scene of the incident and other types of inspections, aimed at studying a certain area. In connection with this suggestion, the author also presents the projects of the norms in Parts 5 and 6 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation that specify the procedural forms for inspecting dwellings and territories under the jurisdiction of a juridical person or an entrepreneur.
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Goryacheva, Elena, Irina Vlasova, and Marina Dudnik. "Creating the architectural-landscape space in the major cities as a tool of harmonious personality development in multinational townspeople." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 01059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337101059.
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Social issues in the XXI century form a need to change people’s living conditions in the big cities considering the ecological crisis. The art of creating architectural landscape spaces in major cities is characterized by special standards of living conditions in a multinational environment. There is a focus on creating a physiologically comfortable and harmonic environment for the development of personality of everyone in such a multinational city as the capital of the Southern Federal District, Rostov-on-Don, also called “the Caucasus gates”. Such environments are the comfortable living conditions of city dwellings and architectural-landscape environment. The landscape is needed to dominate the count of city buildings. The surrounding grounds are equipped for the comfortable living and leisure activities of different age people. The carbonate composition of the atmosphere, the waste of land transport and factories are minimizing. Such conditions are part of an optimally comfortable stay. The ethnic cultural factor is significant as a component in the visualization of objects and the landscape of the city. The visual perception of the video ecological foundations of the exteriors and interiors of buildings and objects of the urban environment has the same positive effect: the decor of buildings, the characteristics of the texture and texture of surfaces, the configuration of finishing and building materials, the color scheme of this artificial environment created by human hands are of leading importance for human psychophysiology. It affects the feeling of security and calm personality development and its' creative improvement and creativity development. It is of enormous significance for the entire nation in crisis.
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Karaca, H. Ceylan. "Byzantine Countryside with its Villagers and Dynatoi: the Example of the Soğanlı Valley, Cappadocia." Belleten 87, no. 309 (August 1, 2023): 385–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2023.385.
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The Soğanlı Valley is on the main route that connects Niğde and Kayseri. Its arable land, rock-cut dwellings that housed a large population and an openly parochial complex from the tenth century indicate that the settlement contained a Byzantine village. Its masonry church, a rare element from late antiquity, exemplifies the special status of the settlement in early Christianity and foreshadows its ongoing importance in the Middle Ages. The eleventh-century inscriptions are the indicators of the middle and high-ranking soldiers in the settlement. Apparently, Soğanlı was one of the settlements chosen for the military leaders of the century and became a piece of land held by them. The powerful (dynatoi) who settled near this crucial route must have been meant not only to control that route but also to maintain their economic welfare from the territory. Thus, Soğanlı had a twofold prominence as a Byzantine countryside: It was a part of the defence strategy the empire attempted to formulate in medieval Cappadocia; furthermore, it housed important archaeological, epigraphical and art historical data on the medieval period of the region with its monuments of various functions and inscriptions. Soğanlı and its ‘dynatoi’ endured within the new administrative system after Manzikert. The study aims to examine the ‘village’ identity of the settlement especially in the tenth century, and to analyse the activity and continuity of the powerful in Soğanlı and the empire. Within this aim, the study uses the military, historical, legislative texts of the period, and architectural and archaeological data from the valley.
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BORSAY, PETER. "Why are houses interesting?" Urban History 34, no. 2 (June 20, 2007): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926807004671.
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Shortly into his path-breaking study of The Small House in Eighteenth-Century London, Peter Guillery remarks that ‘houses are principally interesting because people live in them’ (p. 10). To urban historians the observation might seem unexceptional, even banal. To many architectural historians his comment would be incomprehensible. Therein lies the difficulty for the urban historian with a concern for housing, public buildings and planning. There is a wealth of serious academic studies of architecture, but the majority are written in a language which can seem arcane to the uninitiated and address an agenda which appears little interested in those who inhabited the buildings. At the heart of the problem lies the requirement to treat the built form primarily as a work of art, so that what is studied has to justify itself as an object worthy of aesthetic consideration, and has to relate to an established stylistic canon and chronology. Judged in this light, considerations of user and usage are largely irrelevant, and can appear an invitation to slip into the sort of popular architectural discourse, common in the Victorian and Edwardian periods, in which dwellings are valued primarily for the celebrities and anecdotes associated with them. People are germane only to the extent that they designed buildings, as architects, or commissioned them, as patrons of the arts. Among the two most influential figures in developing and in particular disseminating the art-history perspective on architecture in twentieth-century Britain were Nikolaus Pevsner and John Summerson. Today their presence is felt not only in the world of scholarship, where it has not gone unchallenged, but also and more importantly in popular perceptions of architecture, as mediated through guide literature, the amenity societies (like the National Trust, the Georgian Group and the Victorian Society) and the conservation movement. It is an influence which has been ambivalent. On the one hand, it has led to a far deeper popular understanding and appreciation of architectural form and its history, and has saved many fine buildings. On the other hand, it is has led to a dissociation of form and human usage, a devaluation of structures and traditions not defined as canonic and a blindness to the subjective and ideological nature of architectural history itself.
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Corduban, Calin Gabriel, and Andrea Polastri. "The Traditional Wooden House in Bucovina, a Model for Durability." Advanced Materials Research 778 (September 2013): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.778.89.
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The wooden house in Bucovina evolved over hundreds if not thousands of years of permutations and assimilations to reach, by the end of the XIXth century, a coherent and rich original style that was diffused throughout the region. With a name derived from the Slavic word buk that means beech, the region thus named land of beech trees has always been and continues to be a very rich source of wood. Unsurprisingly, this was the material of choice for the houses in the land. Constructed entirely in wood, including apparent beams to the interior and exterior and wood shingles for the roof, the traditional house in Bucovina elevated the craftsmanship of woodwork to the level of an art. This is obvious when analyzing the constructive details or the ornaments that adorn the windows or the columns of the porch. Similar to the houses of the Moldavian region, on which the style originates, the pattern for the house in Bucovina implies larger dimensions, due to the abundance of the material, larger windows, classical proportions and the use of specific decorative elements. The wooden houses evolved for thousands of years, so the people who built them got an empirical knowing of the material that helped them adopt in time the best measures to insure the durability of the constructions. This article analyses the style characteristics of the house in Bucovina and focuses on the means of constructions that ensured the durability of this dwellings. It is with the purpose of learning from a historical pattern that proved its durability in time and establishing the rules for constructing today with the same material and in the same climatic conditions, those of Bucovina.
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Vink, Markus P. M. "Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: The Christian Paravas: A ‘Client Community’ in Seventeenth-Century Southeast India." Itinerario 26, no. 2 (July 2002): 64–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300009141.
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[T] he Paravas [are] a maritime people, seated on this Pearle Coast, whose greatest livelihood is Natures bounty, which she in that kind annually bestowes and which art qualifies them in like manner to receive… This nation about one hundred and thirty yeares agoe was a limb of heathenisme, out of which roughquarry it was hewen by papall industry and so became a Jewell of the Triple Crown. The Jesuites, who at first converted them, for a long time after govern'd them in a way both ecclestiasticall andcivill. This latter yoake weares of and delivers up civill concernments into the hands of the civill power, the corruption of one kindof government being the generation of the other. In this state matters rested when, about five yeares agoe (the Portugall greatnesse being then far declin'd from its zenith) the Dutch possesse[d] themselves of this coast, which ever since, they have govern'd by way of judicature and awed by their power. This gave occasion for the persons above mentioned [certaine persons of quality, natives of Tutticorrim and heads of their nation] to recede [into the interior]… This [loss of Cochin in early 1663] involves them in fresh cares, and those send them in great quest of other props to stay themselves upon… Their desires therefore are that themselves, together with their adherents, may be taken into the protection of the English; that they with their padre (who is the hinge whereon they turne) may have their dwellings at Cale Velha [Palaiyakkayal], the seate of our factorie, free from violence; and their boates, by virtue of our passeports, to navigate the seas void of all disturbances.
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Grigorieva, Marya V. "Serapion brothers on the pagers of K. A. Fedin’s diaries of 1946–1968." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 23, no. 4 (November 22, 2023): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2023-23-4-400-407.
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K. A. Fedin’s diaries related to the time of the intense activity of the literary community “Serapion brothers” (1921–1924) have not been preserved. Therefore, the material for the studies of the life of the group as well as of its separate members is obtained by the researchers in the epistolary legacy of the writer. The researchers hardly ever refer to the diaries of the later period, apparently believing that Serapion brothers entirely disappeared from the literary life after 1929. However, the Serapion theme still figures on the pages of Fedin’s diaries of the 1948–1968. It is of interest how the already renowned master contemplates the artistic problems which concerned all the “brothers” at the dawn of their writing youth, “general” mentions of the Serapion brothers in the context of the current dwellings on literature and art. Nevertheless, in the diaries of the period in question, certain writers connected by their general past of the “brothers” come to the foreground. Among them, first of all, are Vs. Ivanov, N. Tikhonov, M. Zoshchenko, V. Kaverin, M. Slonimsky, N. Nikitin. Each of them is an object of Fedin’s scrutiny, who responded to all the personal and creative events in the life of the “brothers”. The article presents, among other sources, previously unpublished materials, which provide a means of identifying the role of Serapion brothers on the pages of Fedin’s diaries of 1946–1968. They make it possible to include these references in the context of how the relationships of the writers – the former members of the group – developed, and to determine the degree to which this literary phenomenon influenced Fedin’s life.
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Sheng, Y., W. OC Ward, H. Arbabi, M. Álvarez, and M. Mayfield. "Deep multimodal learning for residential building energy prediction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012038.
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Abstract The residential sector has become the second-largest energy consumer since 1987 in the UK. Approximately 24 million existing dwellings in England made up over 32% of the overall energy consumption in 2020. A robust understanding of existing buildings’ energy performance is therefore critical in guiding proper home retrofit measures to accelerate towards meeting the UK’s climate targets. A substantial number of predictions at a city scale rely on available data, e.g., Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) and GIS products, to develop statistical and machine learning models to estimate energy consumption. However, issues with existing data are not negligible. This work adopted the idea of deep multimodal learning to study the potential for using Google Street View (GSV) images as an additional input for residential building energy prediction. 20,031 GSV images of 5,933 residential buildings in central Barnsley, UK, have been selected for a case study. All images were pre-processed using a state-of-the-art object detection algorithm to minimise the noise caused by other elements that may appear nearby. Building specifications that cannot be easily determined by the appearance are extracted from existing EPC information as text-based inputs for prediction. A multimodal model was designed to jointly take images and texts as inputs. These inputs are first propagated through a convolutional neural network and multi-layer perceptron, respectively, before being combined into a connected network for final energy prediction. The multi-input model was trained and tested on the case study area and predicted an annual energy consumption with a mean absolute difference of 0.01kWh/m2 per annum on average compared with what is recorded in the EPC. The difference between the predicted results and the EPC may also provide some hints on the bias the certificates potentially contain.
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PETROV, I. G. "EXPEDITION RESEARCHES BY R.G. KUZEEV ON THE STUDY OF BASKIR TRIBAL SIGNS IN 1975-1982SS." Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, no. 3 (September 16, 2022): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2022-0-3-94-100.
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One of the little-studied documents of the scientific heritage of the outstanding scientist-ethnologist R.G. Kuzeev are his field diaries. They are the result of many years of expedition research by the scientist and cover the period from 1952 to 1982. They contain information concerning ethnogenesis, ethnic history, tribal structure, land use system, customary law, history of settlements, toponymy of Bashkirs. A lot of interesting and valuable things can also be learned in them about Bashkir economic occupations and crafts, settlements, dwellings, decorative and applied arts, historical legends, legends. Field diaries also show that their content directly depended on the scientific tasks that the researcher set for himself. In 1953-1955, as well as in 1965-1974, R.G. Kuzeev collected materials on the history of settlement, tribal composition, remnants of the patriarchal-tribal way of life, tribal signs, customary law, land use system, land relations and social organization of Bashkirs. In 1956-1961, together with colleagues from Leningrad and Ufa, he joined in the collection and generalization of materials on the decorative and applied art of Bashkirs. In 1975-1982, the scientist focused his attention on a systematic and large-scale study of Bashkir tamgas - tribal signs. This publication tells about how the scientist, since the 50s of the twentieth century, nurtured this idea and implemented it during expedition research in the 70-80-ies of the twentieth century. Although R.G. Kuzeev did not have time to complete the monograph on this topic to the end, he made a significant contribution to the collection, accumulation and scientific interpretation of the phenomenon of Bashkir tamgas, and also drew attention to their inexhaustible source value. In addition, he left behind a unique body of expedition drawings and photographs, which in all their diversity reflect the ethnic and regional characteristics of the tribal signs of the Bashkirs in the Southern Urals.
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Liao, Yidan, Jeremy Cenci, and Jiazhen Zhang. "Chinese Modern Architectural Heritage Resources: Perspectives of Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2023): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12090358.
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Architectural heritage refers to buildings, complexes, and sites with historical, cultural, artistic, technological, and geographical values, including ancient buildings, historical buildings, places of interest, dwellings, and industrial sites. China’s 20th-Century Architectural Heritage List is a state-level list that includes architecture of historical, cultural, technological, and artistic value in China in the 20th century. It is the carrier of the past century and the monument to witnessing the change in human knowledge, culture, technology, and even art. This list is from China, a country with a vast land area, a densely populated population, and numerous architectural relics. This study used ArcGIS to analyze 597 cases in 6 batches in China’s 20th-Century Architectural Heritage List. Its spatial structure was studied by calculating the nearest neighbor index, Gini coefficient, imbalance index, and kernel density. The results showed that the distribution of the Chinese modern architectural heritage resources is cohesive and uneven in China. Next, the geographical detector model was used to analyze its influencing factors from the perspective of 12 factors. This study found that the spatial distribution of this type of resource was condensed. The provincial level showed a distribution pattern of seven centers with one core and multiple scattered points. Its distribution in 34 administrative regions is extremely uneven, with 57.29% being located in North and East China. It also focused on analyzing five influencing factors, namely, topography, regional status, culture and education, social and economic development level, and external contact. Exploring its spatial structure and influencing factors will not only enable a comprehensive understanding of the development context and current situation of 20th-century architectural heritage, but also provide a reference for its protection and sustainable use.
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Fazeli, Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science – A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Local Wisdom : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Kearifan Lokal 15, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/lw.v15i1.8934.
Full textAbstract:
Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household.However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Fazeli, Dr Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science, A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v5i1.53652.
Full textAbstract:
Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household. However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Singh, Deepank Kumar, and Vedhus Hoskere. "Climate Resilience through AI-Driven Hurricane Damage Assessments." Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series 2, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27661.
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Evolving hurricane patterns intensified by climate change are expected to exacerbate economic hardships on coastal communities. Climate resilience for these communities requires both the capability to recover rapidly from devastating storms, and the ability to develop an accurate and actionable understanding of vulnerabilities to reduce the impact of future storms. Available data from past storms can provide invaluable insight in addressing both these requirements. Post-disaster preliminary damage assessments (PDAs) are a crucial initial step toward a rapid recovery. They also provide the most accurate information on the performance of various types of dwellings after the storm. Traditional door-to-door inspection methods are time-consuming and can hinder efficient resource allocation by governments in the aftermath. To address this, researchers have proposed automated PDA frameworks, often utilizing data from satellites, combined with deep convolutional neural networks. However, before such frameworks can be adopted in practice, the accuracy and fidelity of predictions of damage level at the scale of an entire building must be comparable to human assessments. To bridge this gap, we present an innovative PDA framework that leverages Ultra-High-Resolution Aerial (UHRA) images alongside state-of-the-art transformer models for multi-class damage predictions across entire buildings. Our approach leverages vast amounts of unlabeled data to enhance accuracy of prediction and generalization capabilities. Through a series of experiments, we evaluate the influence of incorporating unlabeled data, and transformer models. By integrating UHRA images and semi-supervised transformer models, our findings indicate that this framework overcomes critical limitations associated with satellite imagery and traditional CNN models, achieving an 88% multiclass accuracy, ultimately leading to more precise, efficient, and reliable damage assessments that are a first step towards building more climate resilient societies.
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Liao, Hai Yan. "Poetic Dwelling Art in Information Technology Age." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 4757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.4757.
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Poetic dwelling comes from an article by Friedrich Holderlin, and it is well known by interpretation of Heidegger. It has been discussed from a variety of angles for a long time. It is an ideal state for human existence. This idea pursues purity and briefness, people’s harmony with nature. However, the development of information technology makes this ideal become distant to some extent. How to realize the poetic dwelling in information age is worth considering. In this paper, contradictions and reunifications between information technology and poetic dwelling have been discussed. After discussing the meaning of poetic dwelling, this paper analyzes the influence on poetic dwelling brought by information technology and puts forward views on how to realize poetic dwelling in the age of information technology.