Academic literature on the topic 'Dust plumes'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Dust plumes.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
Li, Wenshuai, Wencai Wang, Yang Zhou, Yuanyuan Ma, Daizhou Zhang, and Lifang Sheng. "Occurrence and Reverse Transport of Severe Dust Storms Associated with Synoptic Weather in East Asia." Atmosphere 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10010004.
Full textAbstract:
The range and time of the environmental effects of Asian dust are closely dependent on the pathways and the speed of dust plume movement. In this study, the occurrence and movement of two dust storms in China in May 2017 were examined by using open space- and ground-based measurement data and the backward trajectories of dust plumes. Results from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis data showed that the dust storms were caused by the rapid coupling development of Mongolian cyclones and Asian highs. After the dust plumes arrived at the Southeastern China in the first dust event, the stable weather conditions and the Asian high slowed down the movement of the plumes, leading to the gradual diffusion of dust particles. Moreover, the Asian high in the first event and the Huabei low (a low-pressure system in North China Plain) in the second altered the movement direction of the dust plumes from southward to northward, which we denote as the “dust reverse transport (DRT)”. The DRT occurred only within the lower troposphere even though dust plumes could extended to 5–10 km in vertical direction. Statistical results of 28 spring dust events occurred in 2015–2018 showed that all these dust storms were triggered by Mongolian cyclones and/or Asian highs, and approximately 39% moved as the DRT, indicating about one third of severe spring dust storms could influence larger areas or longer time than the remained ones.
2
Jones, Thomas A., and Sundar A. Christopher. "Satellite and Radar Remote Sensing of Southern Plains Grass Fires: A Case Study." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 2133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2472.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Many large grass fires occurred in north Texas and southern Oklahoma on 9 April 2009, destroying hundreds of homes and businesses and burning thousands of acres of grasslands, producing large smoke and debris plumes that were visible from various remote sensing platforms. At the same time, strong westerly winds were transporting large amounts of dust into the region, mixing with the smoke and debris already being generated. This research uses surface- and satellite-based remote sensing observations of this event to assess the locations of fires and the spatial distribution of smoke and dust aerosols. The authors present a unique perspective by analyzing radar observations of fire debris in conjunction with the satellite analysis of submicrometer smoke aerosol particles. Satellite data clearly show the location of the individual fires and the downwind smoke plumes as well as the large dust storm present over the region. In particular, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical thickness at 0.55 μm within the dust plume was around 0.5, and it increased to greater than 1.0 when combined with smoke. Using the difference in 11- versus 12-μm brightness temperature data combined with surface observations, the large extent of the dust plume was evident through much of north-central Texas, where visibilities were low and the 11–12-μm brightness temperature difference was negative. Conversely, smoke plumes were characterized by higher reflectance at 0.6 μm (visible wavelength). Cross sections of radar data through the several smoke and debris plumes indicated the burnt debris reached up to 5 km into the atmosphere. Plume height output from modified severe storm algorithms produced similar values. Since smoke aerosols are smaller and lighter when compared with the debris, they were likely being transported even higher into the atmosphere. These results show that the combination of satellite and radar data offers a unique perspective on observing the characteristics and evolution of smoke and debris plume emanating from grass fire events.
3
Southworth, B. S., S. Kempf, and J. Schmidt. "Modeling Europa's dust plumes." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 24 (December 28, 2015): 10,541–10,548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gl066502.
Full text
4
Popel, S. I., and A. A. Gisko. "Charged dust and shock phenomena in the Solar System." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 13, no. 2 (June 21, 2006): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-223-2006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The results on shock phenomena in dusty plasmas of the Solar System are reviewed. The problems of dust ion acoustic bow shock in interaction of the solar wind with dusty cometary coma and formation of transient atmospheres of atmosphereless cosmic bodies such as Moon, Mercury, asteroids and comets are considered. The latter assumes the evolution of meteoroid impact plumes and production of charged dust grains due to the condensation of both the plume substance and the vapor thrown from the crater and the surrounding regolith layer. Physical phenomena occurring during large meteoroid impacts can be modeled with the aid of active rocket experiments, which involve the release of some gaseous substance in near-Earth space. New vistas in investigation of shock processes in natural dusty plasmas are determined.
5
Córdoba-Jabonero, C., M. Sorribas, J. L. Guerrero-Rascado, J. A. Adame, Y. Hernández, H. Lyamani, V. Cachorro, et al. "Synergetic monitoring of Saharan dust plumes and potential impact on surface: a case study of dust transport from Canary Islands to Iberian Peninsula." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2010): 27015–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-27015-2010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Synergetic use of meteorological information, remote sensing both ground-based active (lidar) and passive (sun-photometry) techniques together with backtrajectory analysis and in situ measurements is carried out for the characterization of dust intrusions. A case study of air masses advected from Saharan region to the Canary Islands and the Iberian Peninsula, relatively located close and far away from the dust sources, respectively, was monitored from 11 to 19 March 2008. The observations were performed over three Spanish geographically strategic within the dust-influenced area stations along a common dust plume pathway. A 4-day long dust event (13–16 March) over the Santa Cruz de Tenerife Observatory (SCO), and a linked short 1-day dust episode (14 March) in the Southern Iberian Peninsula over both the Atmospheric Sounding Station "El Arenosillo" (ARN) and the Granada station (GRA) were detected. Meteorological situation favoured the dust plume transport over the area under study. Backtrajectory analysis clearly showed the Saharan origin of the dust intrusion. Under the Saharan air masses influence, AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth at 500 nm (AOD500) ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 and Angstrom Exponent at 440/675 nm wavelength pair (AE440/675) was lower than 0.5, indicating a high loading and predominance of coarse particles during those dusty events. Lidar observations characterized their vertical layering structure, identifying different aerosol contributions depending on altitude. In particular, the 3-km height layer observed over ARN and GRA stations corresponds to that dust plume transported from Saharan region after crossing through Canary Islands at 3 km height as observed over SCO site as well. No significant differences were found in the lidar (extinction-to-backscatter) ratio (LR) estimation for that dust plume over all stations when a suitable aerosol scenario for lidar data retrieval is selected. Lidar-retrieved LR values of 65–70 sr were obtained during the principal dusty episodes. These similar LR values found in all the stations suggest that dust properties were kept unchanged in the course of its medium-range transport. In addition, the potential impact on surface of that Saharan dust intrusion over the Iberian Peninsula was evaluated by ground-level in situ measurements for particle deposition assessment together with backtrajectory analysis. However, no connection between those dust plumes and the particle sedimentation registered at ground level is found. Differences on particle deposition process observed in both Southern Iberian Peninsula sites are due to the particular dust transport pattern occurred in each station.
6
Shin, S. K., D. Müller, K. H. Lee, D. Shin, Y. J. Kim, and Y. M. Noh. "Vertical variation of optical properties of mixed Asian dust/pollution plumes according to pathway of airmass transport over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 3 (February 6, 2015): 3381–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-3381-2015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. We use five years (2009–2013) of multiwavelength Raman lidar measurements at Gwangju, Korea (35.10° N, 126.53° E) for the identification of changes of optical properties of East Asian dust in dependence of its transport path over China. Profiles of backscatter and extinction coefficients, lidar ratios, and backscatter-related Ångström exponents (wavelength pair 355/532 nm) were measured at Gwangju. Linear particle depolarization ratios were used to identify East Asian dust layers. We used backward trajectory modelling to identify the pathway and the vertical position of dust-laden air masses over China during long-range transport. Most cases of Asian dust events can be described by the emission of dust in desert areas and subsequent transport over highly polluted regions of China. The Asian dust plumes could be categorized into two classes according to the height above ground in which these plumes were transported: (I) the dust layers passed over China at high altitude levels until arrival over Gwangju, and (II) the Asian dust layers were transported near the surface and the lower troposphere over industrialized areas before they arrived over Gwangju. We find that the optical characteristics of these mixed Asian dust layers over Gwangju differ in dependence of their vertical position above ground over China and the change of height above ground during transport. The mean linear particle depolarization ratio was 0.21 ± 0.06 (at 532 nm), the mean lidar ratios were 52 ± 7 sr at 355 nm and 53 ± 8 sr at 532 nm, and the mean Ångström exponent was 0.74 ± 0.31 in case I. In contrast, plumes transported at lower altitudes (case II) showed low depolarization ratios, and higher lidar ratio and Ångström exponents. The mean linear particle depolarization ratio was 0.13 ± 0.04, the mean lidar ratios were 63 ± 9 sr at 355 nm and 62 ± 8 sr at 532 nm, respectively, and the mean Ångström exponent was 0.98 ± 0.51. These numbers show that the optical characteristics of mixed Asian plumes are more similar to optical characteristics of urban pollution. We find a decrease of the linear depolarization ratio of the mixed dust/pollution plume in dependence of transport time if the pollution layer travelled over China at low heights, i.e., below approximately 3 km above ground. In contrast we do not find such a trend if the dust plumes travelled at heights above 4 km over China. We need a longer time series of lidar measurements in order to determine the change of optical properties of dust with transport time in a quantitative way.
7
Shin, S. K., D. Müller, C. Lee, K. H. Lee, D. Shin, Y. J. Kim, and Y. M. Noh. "Vertical variation of optical properties of mixed Asian dust/pollution plumes according to pathway of air mass transport over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 12 (June 17, 2015): 6707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6707-2015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. We use five years (2009–2013) of multiwavelength Raman lidar measurements at Gwangju, South Korea (35.10° N, 126.53° E) for the identification of changes of optical properties of East Asian dust depending on its transport path over China. Profiles of backscatter and extinction coefficients, lidar ratios, and backscatter-related Ångström exponents (wavelength pair 355/532 nm) were measured at Gwangju. Linear particle depolarization ratios were used to identify East Asian dust layers. We used backward trajectory modeling to identify the pathway and the vertical position of dust-laden air masses over China during long-range transport. Most cases of Asian dust events can be described by the emission of dust in desert areas and subsequent transport over highly polluted regions of China. The Asian dust plumes could be categorized into two classes according to the height above ground at which these plumes were transported: (case I) the dust layers passed over China at high altitude levels (> 3 km) until arrival over Gwangju, and (case II) the Asian dust layers were transported near the surface and within the lower troposphere (< 3 km) over industrialized areas before they arrived over Gwangju. We find that the optical characteristics of these mixed Asian dust layers over Gwangju differ depending on their vertical position above ground over China and the change of height above ground during transport. The mean linear particle depolarization ratio was 0.21 ± 0.06 (at 532 nm), the mean lidar ratios were 52 ± 7 sr at 355 nm and 53 ± 8 sr at 532 nm, and the mean Ångström exponent was 0.74 ± 0.31 for case I. In contrast, plumes transported at lower altitudes (case II) showed low depolarization ratios (0.13 ± 0.04 at 532 nm), and higher lidar ratio (63 ± 9 sr at 355 nm and 62 ± 8 sr at 532 nm) and Ångström exponents (0.98 ± 0.51). These numbers show that the optical characteristics of mixed Asian plumes are more similar to optical characteristics of urban pollution. We find a decrease of the linear depolarization ratio of the mixed dust/pollution plume depending on transport time if the pollution layer traveled over China at low heights, i.e., below approximately 3 km above ground. In contrast, we do not find such a trend if the dust plumes traveled at heights above 3 km over China. We need a longer time series of lidar measurements in order to determine in a quantitative way the change of optical properties of dust with transport time.
8
Birmili, W., K. Schepanski, A. Ansmann, G. Spindler, I. Tegen, B. Wehner, A. Nowak, et al. "A case of extreme particulate matter concentrations over Central Europe caused by dust emitted over the southern Ukraine." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 4 (February 26, 2008): 997–1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-997-2008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. On 24 March 2007, an extraordinary dust plume was observed in the Central European troposphere. Satellite observations revealed its origins in a dust storm in Southern Ukraine, where large amounts of soil were resuspended from dried-out farmlands at wind gusts up to 30 m s−1. Along the pathway of the plume, maximum particulate matter (PM10) mass concentrations between 200 and 1400 μg m−3 occurred in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Germany. Over Germany, the dust plume was characterised by a volume extinction coefficient up to 400 Mm−1 and a particle optical depth of 0.71 at wavelength 0.532 μm. In-situ size distribution measurements as well as the wavelength dependence of light extinction from lidar and Sun photometer measurements confirmed the presence of a coarse particle mode with diameters around 2–3 μm. Chemical particle analyses suggested a fraction of 75% crustal material in daily average PM10 and up to 85% in the coarser fraction PM10–2.5. Based on the particle characteristics as well as a lack of increased CO and CO2 levels, a significant impact of biomass burning was ruled out. The reasons for the high particle concentrations in the dust plume were twofold: First, dust was transported very rapidly into Central Europe in a boundary layer jet under dry conditions. Second, the dust plume was confined to a relatively stable boundary layer of 1.4–1.8 km height, and could therefore neither expand nor dilute efficiently. Our findings illustrate the capacity of combined in situ and remote sensing measurements to characterise large-scale dust plumes with a variety of aerosol parameters. Although such plumes from Southern Eurasia seem to occur rather infrequently in Central Europe, its unexpected features highlights the need to improve the description of dust emission, transport and transformation processes needs, particularly when facing the possible effects of further anthropogenic desertification and climate change.
9
Kaskaoutis, D. G., A. K. Prasad, P. G. Kosmopoulos, P. R. Sinha, S. K. Kharol, P. Gupta, H. M. El-Askary, and M. Kafatos. "Synergistic Use of Remote Sensing and Modeling for Tracing Dust Storms in the Mediterranean." Advances in Meteorology 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/861026.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the detection of the dust source region and monitoring of the transport of the dust plume from its primary outflow to final deposition. The application area is the Sahara desert and the eastern Mediterranean, where two dust events occurred during the period 4–6 February 2009, an unusual event for a winter period. The Aqua-MODIS and OMI observations clearly define the spatial distribution of the dust plumes, while the CALIPSO observations of total attenuated backscatter (TAB) at 532 nm, depolarization ratio (DR), and attenuated color ratio (1064/532 nm) on 5 February 2009 provide a clear view and vertical structure of the dust-laden layer. The dust source region is defined to be near the Chad-Niger-Libyan borders, using satellite observations and model (DREAM) output. This dust plume is vertically extended up to 2.5 km and is observed as a mass plume of dust from surface level to that altitude, where the vertical variation of TAB (0.002 to 0.2) and DR (0.2–0.5) implies dust-laden layer with non-spherical particles. CALIPSO profiles show that after the dust plume reached at its highest level, the dust particles start to be deposited over the Mediterranean and the initial dust plume was strongly attenuated, while features of dust were limited below about 1–1.5 km for latitudes northern of ~36° (Greek territory).
10
Ben-Ami, Y., I. Koren, and O. Altaratz. "Patterns of North African dust transport over the Atlantic: winter vs. summer, based on CALIPSO first year data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 20 (October 20, 2009): 7867–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7867-2009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. One of the most important factors that determine the transported dust effect on the atmosphere is its vertical distribution. In this study the vertical structure of North African dust and stratiform low clouds is analyzed over the Atlantic Ocean for the 2006–2007 boreal winter (December–February) and boreal summer of 2006 (June–August). By using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) backscatter measurements over the dust routes, we describe the differences in dust transport between the seasons. We show a bi-modal distribution of the average dust plumes height in both seasons (it is less clear in the winter). The higher plume top height is 5.1±0.4 km, near the African coast line in the summer and 3.7±0.4 km in the winter. The lower plume merges with the marine boundary layer, in both seasons. Our study suggests that a significant part of the dust is transported near and within the marine boundary layer and interacts with low stratiform clouds.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
Makuch, Martin. "Circumplanetary dust dynamics application to Martian dust tori and Enceladus dust plumes /." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1440.
Full text
2
Weinzierl, Bernadett Barbara. "Radiatively-driven processes in forest fire and desert dust plumes." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-79307.
Full text
3
Torge, Antje [Verfasser]. "Solar Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer Simulations in Saharan Dust Plumes / Antje Torge." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031190090/34.
Full text
4
Butler, Harry, and n/a. "Local Source Influences Upon the Structure of Dust Plumes in the Channel Country of Western Queensland, Australia." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20051103.155627.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the early wind erosion research undertaken in Australia, concentrated on how wind erosion affects cultivated farm land. However, in the 1990's the focus of wind erosion research in Australia started to shift to include rangeland environments. Initially these rangeland experiments used experimental configurations that were developed for cultivated fields. This meant that in most cases a sampler was set up in the middle of a field and it was assumed that the data collected was representative of the field as a whole. It was also assumed that temporal changes in dust fluxes/concentration reflect overall changes in the land type erodibility and wind erosivity. However, recent experiments and field observations within the rangelands, of the Channel Country suggest that this assumption is not valid. These experiments and observations suggest that there are substantial spatial and temporal variations in erodibility within individual land types. Such variations complicate the interpretation of temporal and spatial erosion trends. In particular, this variability implies that it is difficult to compare sampler data between different wind erosion events. To begin quantifying and comparing sampler data between events within the rangeland environments, the Dust Source Interaction Simulation Model (DSism) was developed to simulate the effect that physical processes and spatial variations in erodibility have upon observed dust concentration pro- files. The modelling/simulation approach used is closely linked to experimental data via the extensive use of sensitivity testing. Another key feature of the DSism approach, is its flexibility in allowing different dust source areas to have particle emission characteristics. This combined sensitivity testing and simulation approach has provided new insights into the wind erosion processes. By using DSism, it has been possible to identify several key features of the wind erosion process within rangeland environments. The first observation is that spatial and temporal changes in erodibility produce distinct changes in both the vertical and crosswind dust concentration profiles. Further investigations, indicate that the dispersion processes in operation vary from event to event. In particular, the results presented here indicate that surface heating plays an important role in some wind erosion events. These results also suggest that even small variations in the vertical dust concentration profile can reflect temporal and spatial changes in processes and erodibility. Finally the simulation results show that the particle size distribution of a vertical dust concentration profile depends on (a) the processes in operation during a given event and (b) the spatial variation in the particle size emission characteristics of the various source areas. These findings have several important implications. In particular, they indicate that both the crosswind and vertical dust concentration profiles can be viewed as amalgamation of several distinct plumes from different dust source areas and that dust concentration profiles contain significant information about both the spatial distribution of sources and the processes in operation during any given event. Most field studies have used regression models to describe the variation in dust concentration with height. A problem with this approach is that it assumes that the variation in dust concentration with height, always has a given functional form (or shape) and that dust concentration always decreases with height. Field observations, indicate that this assumption is only valid for some events within rangeland environments and that dust concentration does not always decrease with height in these environments. In most cases, such variations from the regression fit have been assumed to be the result of experimental 'noise' (error) or spatial variations in erodibility. This thesis presents, modelling and field evidence, which suggests that such variations, are the result of a combination of spatial variations in erodibility and changes in thermal conditions.
5
Butler, Harry. "Local Source Influences Upon the Structure of Dust Plumes in the Channel Country of Western Queensland, Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368072.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the early wind erosion research undertaken in Australia, concentrated on how wind erosion affects cultivated farm land. However, in the 1990's the focus of wind erosion research in Australia started to shift to include rangeland environments. Initially these rangeland experiments used experimental configurations that were developed for cultivated fields. This meant that in most cases a sampler was set up in the middle of a field and it was assumed that the data collected was representative of the field as a whole. It was also assumed that temporal changes in dust fluxes/concentration reflect overall changes in the land type erodibility and wind erosivity. However, recent experiments and field observations within the rangelands, of the Channel Country suggest that this assumption is not valid. These experiments and observations suggest that there are substantial spatial and temporal variations in erodibility within individual land types. Such variations complicate the interpretation of temporal and spatial erosion trends. In particular, this variability implies that it is difficult to compare sampler data between different wind erosion events. To begin quantifying and comparing sampler data between events within the rangeland environments, the Dust Source Interaction Simulation Model (DSism) was developed to simulate the effect that physical processes and spatial variations in erodibility have upon observed dust concentration pro- files. The modelling/simulation approach used is closely linked to experimental data via the extensive use of sensitivity testing. Another key feature of the DSism approach, is its flexibility in allowing different dust source areas to have particle emission characteristics. This combined sensitivity testing and simulation approach has provided new insights into the wind erosion processes. By using DSism, it has been possible to identify several key features of the wind erosion process within rangeland environments. The first observation is that spatial and temporal changes in erodibility produce distinct changes in both the vertical and crosswind dust concentration profiles. Further investigations, indicate that the dispersion processes in operation vary from event to event. In particular, the results presented here indicate that surface heating plays an important role in some wind erosion events. These results also suggest that even small variations in the vertical dust concentration profile can reflect temporal and spatial changes in processes and erodibility. Finally the simulation results show that the particle size distribution of a vertical dust concentration profile depends on (a) the processes in operation during a given event and (b) the spatial variation in the particle size emission characteristics of the various source areas. These findings have several important implications. In particular, they indicate that both the crosswind and vertical dust concentration profiles can be viewed as amalgamation of several distinct plumes from different dust source areas and that dust concentration profiles contain significant information about both the spatial distribution of sources and the processes in operation during any given event. Most field studies have used regression models to describe the variation in dust concentration with height. A problem with this approach is that it assumes that the variation in dust concentration with height, always has a given functional form (or shape) and that dust concentration always decreases with height. Field observations, indicate that this assumption is only valid for some events within rangeland environments and that dust concentration does not always decrease with height in these environments. In most cases, such variations from the regression fit have been assumed to be the result of experimental 'noise' (error) or spatial variations in erodibility. This thesis presents, modelling and field evidence, which suggests that such variations, are the result of a combination of spatial variations in erodibility and changes in thermal conditions.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Australian Environmental Studies
Full Text
6
Wunder, Daniel P. "Aerosol scattering phase function retrieval from polar orbiting satellites." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FWunder.pdf.
Full text
7
Audousset, Camille. "Implication du récepteur NOD1 dans l’asthme allergique aux acariens & Impact fonctionnel des bouchons de mucus dans les voies aériennes de patients asthmatiques sévères selon leur statut tabagique." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2021/2021LILUS050.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
L’asthme est une maladie inflammatoire chronique des voies aériennesresponsable d’une morbi-mortalité significative et définie par une association entre dessymptômes cliniques et une obstruction bronchique variable. Les caractéristiques cardinalesde l’asthme sont une hyper-réactivité des voies aériennes, une inflammation bronchiqueassociée à une modification de la structure des bronches dont une hyperproduction demucus.L’ensemble de ces caractéristiques aboutit à de nombreuses présentations cliniques,appelées des phénotypes asthmatiques, qui sont la conséquence de multiples mécanismesphysiopathologiques distincts. Le phénotype asthmatique le plus fréquent est l’asthmeallergique dont les acariens représentent l’un des principaux pneumallergènes.L’hétérogénéité de cette pathologie requiert une approche globale incluant des travauxfondamentaux et une approche clinique translationnelle. Ces deux approches ont étédéveloppées dans cette thèse.Dans la première partie, l’implication d’un récepteur de l’immunité innée, lerécepteur Nod1, dans l’asthme allergique aux acariens a été investiguée. Ce récepteurreconnaît des fragments de peptidoglycanes bactériens et participe à la réponse immune. Ilest également impliqué dans la régulation du microbiote digestif. Chez les souris Nod1-/-, lesparamètres allergiques asthmatiques induits par les acariens sont réduits comparativementaux souris sauvages. Cette atténuation de la réponse allergique asthmatique n’est pas liée àune modification de la flore digestive des souris Nod1-/-. En revanche, les extraits d’acarienscontiennent une flore microbienne, principalement composée de bacille gram négatif,susceptible d’activer directement le récepteur Nod1 au niveau de l’épithélium des voiesrespiratoires. Cette activation participe à l’exacerbation de la réponse allergique asthmatiqueinduite aux acariens et offre une nouvelle perspective thérapeutique dans le traitement del’asthme allergique aux acariens.La deuxième partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’impact fonctionnel de bouchons demucus présents dans les voies aériennes de patients asthmatiques en fonction de leur statuttabagique en utilisant des outils précédemment développés. La présence de bouchons demucus est fréquente quel que soit le statut tabagique des asthmatiques. Une corrélationinverse a été retrouvée entre le nombre de segments pulmonaires présentant au moins unbouchon de mucus et l’obstruction des voies aériennes. Cette caractéristique clinique estcorrélée au pourcentage de polynucléaires éosinophiles dans les expectorations. Chez lespatients ayant un antécédent de tabagisme, la présence d’occlusions des voies aériennesest associée au pourcentage de neutrophiles. Les bouchons de mucus apparaissent commeun marqueur de sévérité de l’asthme et sont corrélés à différents types d’inflammationbronchique selon le statut tabagique.Cette thèse a contribué à faire avancer les connaissances fondamentales et clinicofonctionellesdans l’asthme. Ces résultats invitent à poursuivre les investigations dans cesdifférents domainesAsthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease responsible for significant morbidityand mortality defined by an association between clinical symptoms and variable airwayobstruction. The cardinal features of asthma are airway hyperresponsiveness, bronchialinflammation associated with changes in the structure of the bronchi including overproductionof mucus. Taken together, these characteristics result in numerous clinical presentations,called asthmatic phenotypes, which are the consequence of multiple distinctpathophysiological mechanisms. The most common asthma phenotype is allergic asthma, ofwhich house dust mites are one of the main pneumallergens. The heterogeneity of thispathology requires a comprehensive approach including fundamental work and translationalclinical approach. These two approaches have been developed in this thesis.In the first part, the involvement of an innate immunity receptor, the Nod1 receptor, inhouse dust mite allergic asthma was investigated. This receptor recognizes fragments ofbacterial peptidoglycans and participates in the immune response. It is also involved in theregulation of the digestive microbiota. In Nod1-/- mice, the mite-induced asthmatic allergicparameters are reduced compared to wild type mice. This attenuation of the allergicasthmatic response is not linked to a change in the digestive flora of Nod1-/- mice. In contrast,mite extracts contain microbial flora, mainly composed of gram-negative bacillus, capable ofdirectly activating the Nod1 receptor in the epithelium of the respiratory tract. This activationcontributes to the exacerbation of the allergic asthmatic response induced by house dustmites and offers a new therapeutic perspective in the treatment of allergic asthma to housedust mites.The second part of this work is devoted to the functional impact of mucus plugspresent in the airways of asthma patients according to their smoking status using previouslydeveloped tools. The presence of mucus plugs was common regardless of the smokingstatus of the asthmatics. An inverse correlation was found between the number of lungsegments with at least one mucus plug and airway obstruction. This clinical feature wascorrelated with the percentage of eosinophils in the sputum. In patients with a history ofsmoking, the presence of airway obstructions was correlated with the percentage ofneutrophils. Mucus plugs appear to be a marker of asthma severity and are correlated withdifferent types of bronchial inflammation depending on smoking status.This PhD has helped advance fundamental and clinical-functional knowledge inasthma. These results invite further investigations in these different fields
8
Makuch, Martin [Verfasser]. "Circumplanetary dust dynamics : application to Martian dust tori and Enceladus dust plumes / von Martin Makuch." 2007. http://d-nb.info/98517403X/34.
Full text
9
Weinzierl, Bernadett [Verfasser]. "Radiatively-driven processes in forest fire and desert dust plumes / vorgelegt von Bernadett Barbara Weinzierl." 2007. http://d-nb.info/987873962/34.
Full text
10
Morris, Aaron Benjamin. "Simulation of rocket plume impingement and dust dispersal on the lunar surface." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-12-6718.
Full textAbstract:
When a lander approaches a dusty surface, the plume from the descent engine impinges on the ground and entrains loose regolith into a high velocity spray. This problem exhibits a wide variety of complex phenomena such as highly under-expanded plume impingement, transition from continuum to free molecular flow, erosion, coupled gas-dust motions, and granular collisions for a polydisperse distribution of aerosolized particles. The focus of this work is to identify and model the important physical phenomena and to characterize the dust motion that would result during typical lunar landings. A hybrid continuum-kinetic solver is used, but most of the complex physics are simulated using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method.
A descent engine of comparable size and thrust to the Lunar Module Descent Engine is simulated because it allows for direct comparison to Apollo observations. Steady axisymmetric impingement was first studied for different thrust engines and different hovering altitudes. The erosion profiles are obtained from empirically derived scaling relationships and calibrated to closely match the net erosion observed during the Apollo missions. Once entrained, the dust motion is strongly influenced by particle-particle collisions and the collision elasticity. The effects of two-way coupling between the dust and gas motions are also studied.
Small particles less than 1 µm in diameter are accelerated to speeds that exceed 1000 m/s. The larger particles have more inertia and are accelerated to slower speeds, approximately 350 m/s for 11 µm grains, but all particle sizes tend obtain their maximum speed within approximately 40 m from the lander. The maximum particle speeds and erosion rates tend to increase as the lander approaches the lunar surface. The erosion rates scale linearly with engine thrust and the maximum particle speed increases for higher thrust engines.
Dust particles are able to travel very far from the lander because there is no background atmosphere on the moon to inhibit their motion. The far field deposition is obtained by using a staged calculation, where the first stages are in the near field where the flow is quasi-steady and the outer stages are unsteady. A realistic landing trajectory is approximated by a set of discrete hovering altitudes which range from 20 m to 3 m. Larger particles are accelerated to slower speeds and are deposited closer to the lander than smaller particles. Many of the gas molecules exceed lunar escape speed, but some gas molecules become trapped within the dust cloud and remain on the moon.
The high velocity particulate sprays can be damaging to nearby structures, such as a lunar outpost. One way of mitigating this damage is to use a berm or fence to shield nearby structures from the dust spray. This work attempts to predict the effectiveness of such a fence. The effects of fence height, placement, and angle as well as the model sensitivity to the fence restitution coefficient are discussed. The expected forces exerted on fences placed at various locations are computed. The pressure forces were found to be relatively small at fences placed at practical distances from the landing site. The trajectories of particles that narrowly avoid the fence were not significantly altered by the fence, suggesting that the dust motion is weakly coupled to the gas in the near vicinity of the fence.
Future landers may use multi-engine configurations that can form 3-dimensional gas and dust flows. There are multiple plume-plume and plume-surface interactions that affect the erosion rates and directionality of the dust sprays. A 4-engine configuration is simulated in this work for different hovering altitudes. The focusing of dust along certain trajectories depends on the lander hovering altitude, where at lower altitudes the dust particles focus along symmetry planes while at higher altitudes the sprays are more uniform. The surface erosion and trenching behavior for a 4-engine lander are also discussed.text
Books on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
John, Prendergast. A plume of dust. Edinburgh: Pentland Press, 1993.
Find full text
2
Schroeder, Michael. Dust Plumes At Dark. 1st Books Library, 2003.
Find full text
3
Curliss, Phillip Courtney. American Dust Plumes: & Other Poems. Independently Published, 2018.
Find full text
4
Prendergast, John, and Mark Tully. A Plume of Dust. Carnegie Publishing, 1993.
Find full text
5
Fei, Jie. Meteorological History and Historical Climate of China. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.594.
Full textAbstract:
The Chinese meteorological records could be traced back to the oracle-bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 bc–c. 1046 bc). For the past 3,000 years, continuous meteorological records are available in official histories, chronicles, local gazetteers, diaries, and other historical materials. Ever since the Qin Dynasty (221–207 bc), precipitation reports to the central government were officially organized; however, only those of the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912 ad) are extant, and they have been widely used to reconstruct precipitation variability.Modern meteorological knowledge began to be introduced in China during the late Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 ad). Modern meteorological observation possibly began in the 17th century, whereas continuous meteorological observation records go back to the mid-19th century.Previous researches have reconstructed the chronologies of the temperature change in China during the past 2,000 years, and the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age were identified. With regard to precipitation variability, yearly charts of dryness/wetness in China for the past 500 years were produced. Several chronologies of dust storm, plum rain (Meiyu), and typhoon were also established. Large volcanic eruptions resulted in short scale abrupt cooling in China during the past 2,000 years. Climatic change was significantly related to the war occurrences and dynastic cycles in historical China.
Book chapters on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
Yaroshenko, Victoria, Patrick Meier, Hermann Lühr, and Uwe Motschmann. "Physical Processes in the Dusty Plasma of the Enceladus Plume." In Magnetic Fields in the Solar System, 241–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64292-5_9.
Full text
2
Schulz, M., Y. Balkanski, W. Guelle, F. Dulac, C. Moulin, and C. E. Lambert. "Model Components Necessary to Capture a Dust Plume Pattern Over the Mediterranean Sea." In Environmental Science and Technology Library, 51–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3354-0_4.
Full text
3
Ootsubo, T., S. Sugita, J. Watanabe, M. Honda, H. Kawakita, T. Kadono, and R. Furusho. "Subaru/COMICS Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Observations of the Dust Plume from Comet 9P/Tempel." In Deep Impact as a World Observatory Event: Synergies in Space, Time, and Wavelength, 131–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76959-0_16.
Full text
4
Al-Dousari, Noor, Modi Ahmed, Ali Al-Dousari, Musaad Al-Daihani, and Murahib Al-Elaj. "Dust Particle Size and Statistical Parameters." In Atlas of Fallen Dust in Kuwait, 57–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66977-5_3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGrain ‘size’ can be specified and measured in several different ways. All methods of grain size determination have blemishes, and the choice of the most appropriate method is governed by the nature of the sample and the use to which the data are placed. Four main methods are currently used for size analysis of sands: (a) sieving; (b) settling tube analysis; (c) electro-optical methods, including Coulter Counter analysis and laser granulometry; and (d) computerized image analysis. The classification of the particle size distribution of Kuwait dust was mapped according to the parameters proposed by Folk And Ward (1957) which were widely used for quantitative comparisons between natural grain size distribution and the lognormal distribution that shows better sorted sediments have lower values of σ1. Maps of the distribution of dust in Kuwait were obtained that included: fine sand (F.S.), Coarse sand (C.S), Medium Sand (M.S), Very Fine Sane (V.F.S), Very Coarse Silt (V.C.Silt), Coarse Silt (C.Silt), Medium Silt (M.Silt), Fine Silt (F.Silt), Very Fine Silt (V.F.Silt), in addition to that, the deposition percentage of Clay, Sand, mud (silt plus clay) and silt were provided.
5
Bachalli, Prithvi S., and Aditya Moorthy. "Obstructive Salivary Gland Disease and Sialendoscopy." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician, 975–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_47.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObstructive salivary pathologies most commonly manifest as salivary stones (sialoliths), mucous plugs and sometimes due to narrowing of the duct (stricture/stenosis). Saliva produced by salivary glands flows into oral cavity by means of ducts. Blockage of these ducts due to the reasons mentioned above leads to sialadenitis (inflammation).Sialendoscopy is a minimally invasive technique to manage salivary duct pathologies, including sialolithiasis, sialadenitis & strictures. It is fast becoming the investigating procedure of choice for such conditions.In the last 25 years, Sialoendoscopy has gradually seen a rise in popularity for diagnostic and therapeutic means of dealing with obstructive salivary gland pathologies.
6
Loye-Pilot, M. D., J. Morelli, J. M. Martin, J. M. Gros, and B. Strauss. "Impact des Poussieres Sahariennes sur L’Acidite des Pluies dans L’Atmosphere Mediterraneenne/Impact of Saharan Dust on the Rain Acidity in the Mediterranean Atmosphere." In Physico-Chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants, 489–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3841-0_54.
Full text
7
Williams, Joel. "I Had Bandini: Reading Ask the Dust in Prison." In John Fante's Ask the Dust, 193–200. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823287864.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
Williams recounts the true story of how he was well into his third decade of a 27-year-to-life prison sentence for murder when he discovered Ask the Dust. The gritty-poetic voice of the novel and its tragicomic treatment of the struggles of Arturo and Camila spoke so directly to him that his love of reading grew into a need to write, and he set to work crafting his own short stories. A serendipitous encounter with a visitor who put him in contact with Fante biographer Stephen Cooper turned into a long and transformative correspondence, mentorship, and friendship. The results: a book of short stories in French translation entitled Du sang dans les plumes, brought out in 2012 by the Paris publisher 13E Note Editions; and then, after 28 years behind bars, parole and freedom.
8
Whiteman, C. David. "Air Pollution Dispersion." In Mountain Meteorology. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195132717.003.0021.
Full textAbstract:
Air pollutants are harmful airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that, when present in high-enough concentrations, threaten human health or welfare, harm vegetation, animals, or structures, or affect visibility. Visibility alone is not, however, a reliable indicator of the presence of pollutants. A visible plume of condensed water vapor from an industrial cooling tower decreases solar radiation and increases the frequency of fog and icy road conditions near the cooling tower, but it is not an air pollution plume because it is composed entirely of water. In contrast, an industrial pollutant plume may be nearly invisible after the gross particulate matter has been removed by pollution control equipment, but it may still contain large quantities of pollutant gases. Air pollutants can come from either natural or anthropogenic (human) sources. The distinction between the two categories is not always clear. Natural emissions include ash and dust from volcanoes, certain highly volatile chemicals from forests, aeroallergens such as ragweed pollen, wind-entrained dust from natural land surfaces, and smoke and ash from wildfires. Wind-entrained dust can, however, come from roadways or land surfaces that have been disturbed by man, some aeroallergens come from plant species introduced to a new habitat by man, and many fires are prescribed fires —natural or man-made fires (whether accidental or deliberate) that are allowed to burn in order to meet forest or land management objectives. Pollutants can be emitted directly into the atmosphere (primary pollutants] or produced in the atmosphere (secondary pollutants) as a result of chemical or physical transformations of primary pollutants when exposed to other components of air, including other pollutants or water vapor. Examples of transformations include the clumping or coagulation of small particulates into larger particles and the conversion of sulfur dioxide gas emitted from coal-fired power plants to particulate sulfates under humid conditions or to acid rain droplets if clouds are present. Some secondary pollutants, such as photochemical smog or ozone, result from photochemical reactions, that is, chemical reactions that occur only in the presence of solar radiation. Pollutants may come from point, area, or line sources; the emissions may be continuous or intermittent; and the source strength may be variable or constant.
9
Hodzic, Migdat, and Ivan Kennedy. "Kalman Filter Harmonic Bank for Vostok Ice Core Data Analysis and Climate Predictions." In Glaciers and the Polar Environment. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94263.
Full textAbstract:
The Vostok ice core data cover 420,000 years indicating the natural regularity of Earth’s surface temperature and climate. Here, we consider four major cycles of similar duration, ranging from 86,000 to 128,000 years, comprising 15% of periods for the warming interglacials compared to some 85% of cooling periods. Globally, we are near the peak of a rapid warming period. We perform a detailed frequency analysis of temperature and CO2 cycles, as a primary stage in building a logical Climate Prediction Engine (CPE), illustrated with specific harmonics. This analysis can be repeated for all harmonics and various cycle combinations. Our time correlation estimates the CO2 time lag for temperature at 400–2300 years, depending on the cycle, longer on average than previously concluded. We also perform Fast-Fourier transform analysis, identifying a full harmonic spectrum for each cycle, plus an energy analysis to identify each harmonic amplitude − to achieve further prediction analysis using a Kalman filter harmonic bank. For Vostok data we can use combinations of different cycles compared to the most recent for learning and then the current ongoing cycle for testing. Assuming causal time regularity, more cycles can be employed in training, hence reducing the prediction error for the next cycle. This results in prediction of climate data with both naturally occurring as well as human forced CO2 values. We perform this detailed time and frequency analysis as a basis for improving the quality of our climate prediction methodologies, with particular attention to testing alternative hypotheses of the possible causes of climate change. These include the effect on albedo of suspended dust and increasing water vapor with temperature in initiating interglacial warming, the effect of temperature and pH values of surface water on ambient level of CO2 in the atmosphere and finding a larger latent heat capacity in the atmosphere required to sustain its circulatory motions, leading to friction and turbulent release of heat in boundary layer. All these potentials can be examined in an effective CPE.
Conference papers on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
Cocalis, J. "441. Characterization of Visible Dust Plumes from Surface Coal Mine Highwall Drills." In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763799.
Full text
2
Porter, John N. "Ground and aircraft lidar measurements of sea salt and dust plumes with a small wide-field-of-view system." In Fourth International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Symposium 2004: Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Si Chee Tsay, Tatsuya Yokota, and Myoung-Hwan Ahn. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.579455.
Full text
3
Glen, Andrew, Darielle Dexheimer, Andres L. Sanchez, Clifford K. Ho, Swarup China, Fan Mei, and Nurun Nahar Lata. "Near-Field and Far-Field Sampling of Aerosol Plumes to Evaluate Particulate Emission Rates From a Falling Particle Receiver During On-Sun Testing." In ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2021 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63466.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract High-temperature falling particle receivers are being investigated for next-generation concentrating solar power applications. Small sand-like particles are released into an open-cavity receiver and are irradiated by concentrated sunlight from a field of heliostats. The particles are heated to temperatures over 700 °C and can be stored to produce heat for electricity generation or industrial applications when needed. As the particles fall through the receiver, particles and particulate fragments in the form of aerosolized dust can be emitted from the aperture, which can lower thermal efficiency, increase costs of particle replacement, and pose a particulate matter (PM) inhalation risk. This paper describes sampling methods that were deployed during on-sun tests to record near-field (several meters) and far-field (tens to hundreds of meters) concentrations of aerosol particles within emitted plumes. The objective was to quantify the particulate emission rates and loss from the falling particle receiver in relation to OSHA and EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Near-field instrumentation placed on the platform in proximity to the receiver aperture included several real-time aerosol size distribution and concentration measurement techniques, including a TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizers (APS), TSI DustTraks, Handix Portable Optical Particle Spectrometers (POPS), Alphasense Optical Particle Counters (OPC), TSI Condensation Particle Counters (CPC), Cascade Particle Impactors, 3D-printed prototype tipping buckets, and meteorological instrumentation. Far-field particle sampling techniques utilized multiple tethered balloons located upwind and downwind of the particle receiver to measure the advected plume concentrations using a suite of airborne aerosol and meteorological instruments including POPS, CPCs, OPCs and cascade impactors. The combined aerosol size distribution for all these instruments spanned particle sizes from 0.02 μm – 500 μm. Results showed a strong influence of wind direction on particle emissions and concentration, with preliminary results showing representative concentrations below both the OSHA and NAAQS standards.
4
Panda, J., R. G. Seasholtz, K. A. Elam, and A. F. Mielke. "Time-Averaged Velocity, Temperature and Density Surveys of Supersonic Free Jets." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56856.
Full textAbstract:
A spectrally resolved molecular Rayleigh scattering technique was used to simultaneously measure axial component of velocity U, static temperature T, and density ρ in unheated free jets at Mach numbers Mj = 0.6, 0.95, 1.4 and 1.8. The latter two conditions were achieved using contoured convergent-divergent nozzles. A narrow line-width continuous wave laser was passed through the jet plumes and molecular scattered light from a small region on the beam was collected and analyzed using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The optical spectrum analysis provided measures of velocity and static temperature. The local air density at the probe volume was determined by monitoring the intensity variation of the scattered light using photomultiplier tubes. The Fabry-Perot interferometer was operated in the imaging mode, whereby the fringe formed at the image plane was captured by a cooled CCD camera. Special attention was given to remove dust particles from the plume and to provide adequate vibration isolation to the optical components. The velocity profiles from various operating conditions were compared with that measured by a Pitot tube. An excellent comparison within 5m/s demonstrated the maturity of the technique. Temperature was measured least accurately, within 10K, while density was measured within 1% uncertainty. The survey data consisted of centerline variations and radial profiles of time-averaged U, T and ρ. The static temperature and density values were used to determine static pressure variations inside the jet. The data provided a comparative study of jet growth rates with increasing Mach number. The current work is part of a data-base development project for Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aeroacoustics codes that endeavor to predict noise characteristics of high speed jets. A limited amount of far field noise spectra from the same jets are also presented. Finally, a direct experimental validation was obtained for the Crocco-Busemann equation which is commonly used to predict temperature and density profiles from known velocity profiles. Data presented in this paper are available in ASCII format upon request.
5
Seto, S. P., and T. F. Lyon. "Nitrogen Oxide Emissions Characteristics of Augmented Turbofan Engines." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-120.
Full textAbstract:
The exhaust plumes of modern military engines can be rendered visible at low augmentor power operation by the presence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Visible plumes have also been observed from some industrial gas turbines that have duct burners downstream of the power turbines. In 1986, gaseous emissions measurements were taken behind two F101 turbofan engines to determine the effect of reheat level on the degree of conversion of nitric oxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide and to relate the plume visibility to nitrogen dioxide concentration.
6
Banerjee, D. "Long period oscillations in the polar plumes." In Waves in dusty, solar and space plasmas. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1324936.
Full text
7
Liu, Danny, Shuchi Yang, Zhicun Wang, Hongli Liu, Chunpei Cai, and David Wu. "On Rocket Plume, Lunar Crater and Lunar Dust Interactions." In 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-1161.
Full text
8
Morris, A. B., D. B. Goldstein, P. L. Varghese, and L. M. Trafton. "Plume Impingement on a Dusty Lunar Surface." In 27TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3562805.
Full text
9
Mantovani, James G., Bruce T. Vu, and John E. Lane. "Modeling of Lunar Dust Particle Trajectories for Rocket Plume-Surface Impingement Studies." In 17th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483374.013.
Full text
10
Andries, J. "Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and resonant flow instability in a 1-dimensional coronal plume model." In Waves in dusty, solar and space plasmas. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1324933.
Full textReports on the topic "Dust plumes"
1
Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41523.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique may include up to 10 km in digitized dust-source location error due to downwind advection. However, the potential for error in this method due to analyst subjectivity has never been formally quantified. In this study, we evaluate a version of the methodology adapted to better enable reproducibility assessments amongst multiple analysts to determine the role of analyst subjectivity on recorded dust source location error. Four analysts individually mapped dust plumes in Southwest Asia and Northwest Africa using five years of MODIS imagery collected from 15 May to 31 August. A plume-source location is considered reproducible if the maximum distance between the analyst point-source markers for a single plume is ≤10 km. Results suggest analyst marker placement is reproducible; however, additional analyst subjectivity-induced error (7 km determined in this study) should be considered to fully characterize locational uncertainty. Additionally, most of the identified plume heads (> 90%) were not marked by all participating analysts, which indicates dust source maps generated using this technique may differ substantially between users.
2
Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41542.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique may include up to 10 km in digitized dust-source location error due to downwind advection. However, the potential for error in this method due to analyst subjectivity has never been formally quantified. In this study, we evaluate a version of the methodology adapted to better enable reproducibility assessments amongst multiple analysts to determine the role of analyst subjectivity on recorded dust source location error. Four analysts individually mapped dust plumes in Southwest Asia and Northwest Africa using five years of MODIS imagery collected from 15 May to 31 August. A plume-source location is considered reproducible if the maximum distance between the analyst point-source markers for a single plume is ≤10 km. Results suggest analyst marker placement is reproducible; however, additional analyst subjectivity-induced error (7 km determined in this study) should be considered to fully characterize locational uncertainty. Additionally, most of the identified plume heads (> 90%) were not marked by all participating analysts, which indicates dust source maps generated using this technique may differ substantially between users.
3
Chapman, Elaine G., Jeremy P. Rishel, Frederick C. Rutz, Timothy E. Seiple, Rob K. Newsom, and K. Jerry Allwine. Dust Plume Modeling at Fort Bliss: Full Training Scenario. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894873.
Full text
4
Chapman, Elaine G., Jeremy P. Rishel, Frederick C. Rutz, Timothy E. Seiple, Rob K. Newsom, and K. Jerry Allwine. Dust Plume Modeling at Fort Bliss: Move-Out Operations, Combat Training and Wind Erosion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/895176.
Full text
5
Chapman, Elaine G., James C. Barnard, Frederick C. Rutz, Mikhail S. Pekour, Jeremy P. Rishel, and William J. Shaw. Dust Plume Modeling from Ranges and Maneuver Areas on Fort Bliss and the White Sands Missile Range: Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/957366.
Full text