Journal articles: 'Dust Physiological effect'

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Karami, Leila, Nasser Ghaderi, and Taimoor Javadi. "Morphological and physiological responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to drought stress and dust pollution." Folia Horticulturae 29, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2017-0021.

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Abstract Dust pollution can negatively affect plant productivity in hot, dry areas with high insolation during summer. To understand the effect of water-deficit and its interaction with dust pollution on vegetative and physiological changes in grapevine ʻBidaneh Sefidʼ, two-year-old plants were subjected to drought stress (-0.1 and -1 MPa) and dust treatment in a greenhouse during 2013 and 2014. The results showed that dust had a significant negative effect on the number of leaves, shoot length, root and shoot dry weights, and total dry weight under both drought and well-irrigated conditions. Dust, when applied in combination with drought, caused severe growth reduction. Leaf relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) were reduced under dust and drought stress, while soluble carbohydrate, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations increased. Furthermore, dust application resulted in characteristics similar to those induced by water-deficit stress and intensified vegetative and physiological changes when applied together. Dust and drought treatments increased peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase activities when compared to the control. The results indicate that dust has an adverse effect on the growth and physiology of grapevine and plays a negative role in the response of grapevine to drought stress.

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Nawaz, Muhammad Farrakh, Muhammad Haroon U. Rashid, Muhammad Saeed-Ur-Rehman, Sadaf Gul, Taimoor Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Azeem Sabir, Junaid Iftikhar, Nader R. Abdelsalam, Eldessoky S. Dessoky, and Saqer S. Alotaibi. "Effect of Dust Types on the Eco-Physiological Response of Three Tree Species Seedlings: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Conocarpus erectus and Bombax ceiba." Atmosphere 13, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071010.

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Dust is the collection of fine particles of solid matter, and it is a major issue of atmospheric pollution. Dust particles are becoming the major pollutants of the urban environment due to hyperbolic manufacturing and automobile pollution. These atmospheric pollutants are not only hazardous for human beings, but they also affect tree growth, particularly in urban environments. This study was designed to examine the changes in morphological and physiological traits of three tree species seedlings (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Conocarpus erectus, and Bombax ceiba) in response to different dust types. In a pot experiment under controlled conditions, three-month-old seedlings of selected trees species were subjected to four treatments of dust: T1 = controlled; T2 = wood dust; T3 = soil dust; and T4 = carbon dust. During the whole experiment, 10 g/plant/dose was applied in 8 doses with a one-week interval. The results depicted that the growth was the maximum in T1 (control) and the minimum in T4 (carbon dust). In our findings, B. ceiba performed better under the same levels of dust pollution as compared with the other two tree species. The B. ceiba tree species proved to be the most tolerant to dust pollution by efficiently demolishing oxidative bursts by triggering SOD, POD, and CAT under different dust types compared to controlled conditions. Stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate were negatively influenced in all three tree species in response to different dust applications. Based on the findings, among these three tree species, B. ceiba is recommended for dust polluted areas followed by E. camaldulensis and Conocarpus erectus due to their better performance and efficient dust-foraging potential.

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Ma, Baodong, Xuexin Li, Aiman Liang, Yuteng Chen, and Defu Che. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Dustfall Effect on Remote Sensing Retrieval Accuracy of Chlorophyll Content." Sensors 19, no. 24 (December 14, 2019): 5530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245530.

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Chlorophyll is the dominant pigment in the photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes that is related to the physiological function of leaves and is responsible for light absorption and energy transfer. Dust pollution has become an environmental problem in many areas in China, indicating that accurately estimating chlorophyll content of vegetation using remote sensing for assessing the vegetation growth status in dusty areas is vital. However, dust deposited on the leaf may affect the chlorophyll content retrieval accuracy. Thus, quantitatively studying the dustfall effect is essential. Using selected vegetation indices (VIs), the medium resolution imaging spectrometer terrestrial chlorophyll index (MTCI), and the double difference index (DD), we studied the retrieval accuracy of chlorophyll content at the leaf scale under dusty environments based on a laboratory experiment and spectra simulation. First, the retrieval accuracy under different dustfall amounts was studied based on a laboratory experiment. Then, the relationship between dustfall amount and fractional dustfall cover (FDC) was experimentally analyzed for spectra simulation of dusty leaves. Based on spectral data simulated using a PROSPECT-based mixture model, the sensitivity of VIs to dust under different chlorophyll contents was analyzed comprehensively, and the MTCI was modified to reduce its sensitivity to dust. The results showed that (1) according to experimental investigation, the DD model provides low retrieval accuracy, the MTCI model is highly accurate when the dustfall amount is less than 80 g/m2, and the retrieval accuracy decreases significantly when the dustfall amount is more than 80 g/m2; (2) a logarithmic relationship exists between FDC and dustfall amount, and the PROSPECT-based mixture model can simulate the leaf spectra under different dustfall amounts and different chlorophyll contents with a root mean square error of 0.015; and (3) according to numerical investigation, MTCI’s sensitivity to dust in the chlorophyll content range of 25 to 60 μg/cm2 is lower than in other chlorophyll content ranges; DD’s sensitivity to dust was generally high throughout the whole chlorophyll content range. These findings may contribute to quantitatively understanding the dustfall effect on the retrieval of chlorophyll content and would help to accurately retrieve chlorophyll content in dusty areas using remote sensing.

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Bermadinger, E., D. Grill, and P. Golob. "The different influence of magnesite emissions on the surface waxes of Norway spruce and silver fir." Canadian Journal of Botany 66, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b88-019.

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The difference in vigour between Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Abies alba Mill, in an area exposed to fine dust containing MgO is reflected in scanning electron microscope studies of the needle surfaces. The greater vitality of the silver fir is correlated with intact wax structures and a somewhat lower dust load. In contrast, the spruce reveals a marked effect on the epicuticular wax by a heavy fine-dust load. Possible causes and physiological consequences are discussed.

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Odo, R. I., E. C. Mbegbu, K. C. Nwosu, P. E. Aba, L. O. Aka, and I. R. Obidike. "Effect of cement dust on reproductive performance and some physiological parameters in albino rats." Comparative Clinical Pathology 24, no. 3 (May 7, 2014): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00580-014-1934-6.

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Polaczek, Justyna, Angelika Jodłowska, Grażyna Stochel, and Rudi van Eldik. "Influence of Krakow Winter and Summer Dusts on the Redox Cycling of Vitamin B12a in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid." Atmosphere 12, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12081050.

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Air pollution remains a serious problem in Krakow, Poland. According to the European Environmental Agency, annual mean levels of both PM2.5 and PM10 recorded in Krakow are much higher than EU limit values. Thus, the influence of particulate matter (PM) on the function of living organisms, as well as different physiological processes, is an urgent subject to be studied. The reported research forms part of the multi-disciplinary project ‘Air Pollution versus Autoimmunity: Role of multiphase aqueous Inorganic Chemistry,’ which aims to demonstrate the PM effect on the immune system. The present studies focused on the role of dust collected in Krakow on the redox cycling of vitamin B12a in the presence of ascorbic acid. Dust samples collected during the winter 2019/2020 and summer 2020 months in the city center of Krakow were characterized using various analytical techniques. The influence of Krakow dusts on the kinetics of the reaction between nitrocobalamin and ascorbic acid was confirmed and discussed in terms of the composition of the samples. Possible reasons for the reported findings are provided.

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Ginting, Elfrina, Timbul Supodo, Sunarsih Sunarsih, Putri Ayu Sudirman, and Muhammad Reinaldy Juliansyah. "The Effect of Nickel Mining on Acute Respiratory Infection Cases in Boenaga Village, Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency." Waluya The International Science And Health Journal 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54883/wish.v1i3.14.

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Introduction: Nickel mining industry with air with nickel dust and combu stion gases. The main effects of dust on workers are either acute lung disorders or chronic physiological disorders, eye irritation, sensory irritation, and accumulation of harmful substances in the body. One of the negative impacts of nickel processing activities is environmental degradation which is characterized by air and many diseases related to the respiratory tract. This greatly affects the people who live close to mining areas, based on data from the Lasolo Island Health Center shows that ARI cases in 2020 were 126 cases, Asthma 85 cases, and Toddler Pneumonia 23 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mining on cases of ARI in mining areas in the village of Boenaga. Methods: The type of research used in this study is an observational study with a cross sectional analytic study. Result: The results showed that there was a relationship between dust exposure and cases of respiratory disease. Conclusion: The condition of indoor and outdoor air quality in exposed areas was higher than in non-exposed areas, but all of these are still below the permissible threshold value. The incidence of ARI in exposed locations increased significantly compared to non-exposed locations in Pomalaa district.

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Wulansari, Desy Tri. "Worker Characteristics and Dust Exposure to Pulmonary Function Status in Jumping Saw Division Of Wood Industry At Banyuwangi: An Association Study." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 11, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v11i2.2019.99-107.

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Wood dust in the air will bring serious health problems if it is prolonged. Wood Dust has effect for health due to its effect on , pulmonary function via respiratory system entrance. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of worker characteristics and dust exposure to pulmonary function status in jumping saw division workers in wood industry Sempu, Banyuwangi. The research was observasional with cross sectional desain. Research data was obtained by giving questionnaire to respondent, measurement of dust level by using HVAS and lung physiology examination using spirometry tool. The sampel in this research was 7 workers in the part of jumping saw and 6 worker in the part of office. Data were analyzed with chi square statistical test to analyzing the association and statistical t-test to analyzing difference pulmonary function status between to 2 groups. The result showed that dust level in the exposure groups of jumping saw workers was 19,90 mg/m3 and non-exposure group (office) was 0,089 mg/m3, suitable with Permenakertrans No. 13/MEN/X/2011 is 5 mg/m3. Results of lung function measurement showed that normal 15,38% and impairment 84,62%. It is concluded that no associoation between age, length of employment, smoking habit, respiratory ptotective equipment usage habit, respiratory diseases history and dust exposure to pulmonary function status, except association between nutrion status with pulmonary function status. The company should monitor the levels of wood dust, to ensure that it does not exceed the NAB and regular lung physiological health checks.

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Iqbal, Qaiser, Muhammad Ali Musarat, Najeeb Ullah, Wesam Salah Alaloul, Muhammad Babar Ali Rabbani, Wesam Al Madhoun, and Shahid Iqbal. "Marble Dust Effect on the Air Quality: An Environmental Assessment Approach." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073831.

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All over the world, increasing anthropogenic activities, industrialization, and urbanization have intensified the emissions of various pollutants that cause air pollution. Marble quarries in Pakistan are abundant and there is a plethora of small- and large-scale industries, including mining and marble-based industries. The air pollution caused by the dust generated in the process of crushing and extracting marble can cause serious problems to the general physiological functions of plants and it affects human life as well. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess the air quality of areas with marble factories and areas without marble factories, where the concentration of particulate matter in terms of total suspended particles (TSP) was determined. For this purpose, EPAM-5000 equipment was used to measure the particulate levels. Besides this, a spectrophotometer was used to analyze the presence of PM2.5 and PM10 in the chemical composition of marble dust. It was observed that the TSP concentrations in Darmangi and Malagori areas of Peshawar, Pakistan—having marble factories—were 626 µg/m3 and 5321 µg/m3 respectively. The (PM2.5, PM10) concentration in Darmangi was (189 µg/m3, 520 µg/m3) and in Malagori, it was recorded as (195 µg/m3, 631 µg/m3), which was significantly higher than the non-marble dust areas and also exceeded WHO recommended standards. It was concluded that the areas with the marble factories were more susceptible to air pollution as the concentration of TSP was significantly higher than the recommended TSP levels. It is recommended that marble factories should be shifted away from residential areas along with strict enforcement. People should be instructed to use protective equipment and waste management should be ensured along with control mechanisms to monitor particulate levels.

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Abdel- Rahman, Amal, and Mohamed Ibrahim. "Effect of cement dust deposition on physiological behaviors of some halophytes in the salt marshes of Red Sea." Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsh.2012.17001.

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Sand-Jensen, Kaj, Jens Borum, Claus Lindskov Møller, and Lars Baastrup-Spohr. "Physiological Adaptation and Plant Distribution along a Steep Hydrological Gradient." Plants 11, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 1683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11131683.

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Plant species often separate strongly along steep environmental gradients. Our objective was to study how coupling between plant physiology and environmental conditions shapes vegetation characteristics along a distinct hydrological gradient. We therefore investigated species photosynthesis in air and under water within a limited area from dry-as-dust to complete submergence in a nutrient-poor limestone habitat on Öland’s Alvar, Sweden. We found structural and physiological adaptations of species to endure water limitation at the dry end (e.g., moss cushions and CAM-metabolism) and diffusive carbon limitation (e.g., bicarbonate use) at the submerged end of the gradient. As anticipated, mean photosynthesis in air increased 18-fold from the species-poor assembly of cushion-mosses and Sedum CAM-species on mm-thin limestone pavements to the species-rich assembly of C-3 terrestrial plants in deeper and wetter soils. A GLM-model indicated that 90% of the variation in species richness could be explained by a positive effect of soil depth, a negative effect of the duration of water cover and their interaction. In water, mean photosynthesis was highest among aquatic species, low among Sedum species and cushion mosses, and negligible among C-3 terrestrial plants. While aquatic species dried out in air, drought-resistant small species were probably competitively excluded from the more suitable terrestrial habitats on deeper soils with moderate flooding by taller species of high photosynthetic capability. In conclusion, the clear distribution of species along the steep hydrological gradient reflects distinct structural and physiological adaptations, environmental filtering and interspecific competition.

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G., Saji K., Zubair M., Sreelatha B. Nair, and Varghese P. R. "An epidemiological study on effect of occupational exposure of cement." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 5105. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184734.

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Background: Construction industry chiefly depends on the cement. The constituents in the cement have various health effects in the exposed group. The present study focused to realize the health effects of cement exposure and duration of exposure.Methods: The sample size was 831 male workers. The labourers included were construction workers (masons, helpers and concrete mixers) and cement loading and unloading workers. They were categorized in to five groups which were 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-24 and 25+ years based on the duration of exposure to cement. Health hazards among these labourers were categorized in to lung function impairment symptoms, cutaneous symptoms and other symptoms.Results: High frequency of respiratory tract ailments (persistent cough 54%, breathlessness 47%) was observed among loading workers as they were handling cement dust. Burning was the most observed one in concrete mixer (70%), hair loss and change in hair colour was observed in 60% of all categories of workers. Skin related ailments were more prevalent among masons, helpers and concrete mixers.Conclusions: The frequency symptoms had correlation with their nature of work in the construction industry. Prolonged exposure to hazardous substances will decline the efficiency of labourers by malfunctioning their physiological functions. Proper awareness about the hazardous substances and well taken precautions among these labours can enhance their efficacy and wellbeing.

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Hossain, Mohammad Nazmul, Md Didarul Islam, Ashiqur Rahaman, Mahadi Hasan, Meem Muhtasim Mahdi, Md Arafat Hossain, Nazma Khatun, and Md Abdul Matin. "Removal of methylene blue and other pollutants from tannery wastewater using chemically modified tannery solid waste." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 46, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v46i1.59693.

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The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) was investigated using the prepared activated carbon (AC); obtained by the chemical activation of chrome shaving dust (CSD). Results represented that the increase of particle size and impregnation ratio of AC possessed a proportional effect on the adsorption of MB. AC produced by H3PO3, impregnation ratio of 1:6, and mesh size of 40 showed the highest adsorption performance. The removal of other organic and inorganic pollutants from different tannery effluent was found satisfactory like pH, conductivity, turbidity, BOD5, COD, and Cl- values are reduced to 5.5- 8.48, 73-93%, 76-92%, 80-96%, 71-87% and 84-94%, respectively which are nearly closed to the WHO’s standards for industrial effluent to the environment. The microscopic analysis confirmed the smooth and porous surface characteristics of the adsorbent. Hence, CSDAC can be expected to become an effective, low-cost, and suitable adsorbent for both dye and pollutants removal from industrial wastewater. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 46(1); 75-83: June 2022

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Block, Katharine E., David Masopust, Hirohito Kita, Sara E. Hamilton, and Stephen C. Jameson. "Testing the susceptibility of mice with normal microbial experience to induction of allergic airway disease." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2017): 53.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.53.13.

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Abstract Allergic asthma is a large and growing medical problem in the developed world. The hygiene hypothesis posits that improved sanitation, vaccination programs, and increased antibiotic use have limited our exposure to natural infections, leading to immune systems that are more vulnerable to pathological responses. It has been difficult to test whether these advancements in public health can explain some of the increased incidence in allergic asthma, partly because laboratory mice commonly used in research are housed in a clean and highly controlled environment (known as specific pathogen free, or SPF). Cohousing SPF laboratory mice with mice from pet stores leads to acquisition of natural mouse pathogens through physiological animal-to-animal transmission. Our research group has demonstrated that this normal microbial experience dramatically alters the immune system, making it more similar to the immune system of adult humans. We used this “dirty” cohousing mouse model to test the effect of physiological microbial exposure on susceptibility to allergic airway disease. SPF and cohoused mice were sensitized and challenged intranasally with house dust mite (HDM) extract. Exposure to HDM induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and immune cell infiltration in SPF mice that resembles airway pathology of asthmatic patients. Serum levels of IgE and IgG1 antibodies to HDM were also elevated. Immune cell populations infiltrating the lung and activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells were also analyzed. We are currently investigating the immune response to this allergen exposure model in cohoused mice. Results from these studies will help explain the impact of environmental and microbial experience on susceptibility to allergic asthma.

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Rotondi, Annalisa, Lucia Morrone, Osvaldo Facini, Barbara Faccini, Giacomo Ferretti, and Massimo Coltorti. "Distinct Particle Films Impacts on Olive Leaf Optical Properties and Plant Physiology." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061291.

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The olive fruit fly is worldwide considered a major harmful pest of the olive agroecosystem. In Italy, the fruit fly infestation is traditionally countered by spraying chemical insecticides (e.g., dimethoate), but due to the recent ban of dimethoate by the Reg EU2019/1090 and the increasing awareness of consumers of food sustainability, the interest in developing chemical-free alternatives to pesticides, such as the use of particle-films, is rising. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different particle films (kaolin-base and zeolitite-base) on leaf gas exchanges and leaf optical properties. Results showed that with the dust accumulation on the leaves’ surface, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency were significantly lower in kaolin-treated olive trees compared to those treated with zeolitite and to the control, while olive trees treated with zeolitite showed physiological parameters similar to the untreated plants. Microstructural differences of different particle film on the leaf and olive surfaces emerged by ESEM observations also influenced leaf optical properties. Oils produced by zeolitite-treated plants show higher intensities of gustatory and olfactory secondary flavors compared to kaolin and test oils.

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Digarbaeva, A. M., A. N. Kaliyeva, E. A. Kirshibayev, and M. R. Bahtybaeva. "INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORN VARIETIEShttps://doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1483.28." REPORTS 2, no. 336 (April 13, 2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1483.28.

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Heavy metals are some of the most harmful chemicals in the environment today. Today, many scientists believe that the main factor that negatively affects the plant in saline conditions is the osmotic effect of salts. In conditions of soil salinity, the lack of plants causes dehydration of proteins, which negatively affects the physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Plants absorb heavy metals in different ways. It absorbs heavy metals from the soil through the roots and from the air through the stomata of the leaves, mainly through dust. The aim of the research is to study the influence of heavy metals on the physiological and biochemical processes of growth and development of maize varieties. The article presents the research results of the heavy metals influence on the elongation of seedlings and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments during the germination of maize varieties. It is obvious that heavy metals affect the growth and plant development from the initial germination stage of corn kernels. The results of monitoring various effects of heavy metals on photosynthetic pigments are also presented. In addition, the length of the above- water and underground parts of the biomass, the ratio of dry weight to actual weight is the heavy metals effect on plants. For example, the leaves turned dark green, the stems twisted, did not fully open and turned pink. Under the influence of heavy metals, plant development, metabolism and photosynthesis are disrupted, as well as the normal course of respiration and photosynthesis. According to the results obtained, the impact of heavy metals on maize varieties significantly inhibits the accumulation and growth of biomass. In particular, the processes of plant root growth are suppressed. Differences in the tolerance of different varieties of heavy metals can be explained by their varietal characteristics and genetic basis. Currently, there is a theoretical and practical interest in the identification of ion-resistant forms of heavy metals, their ability to detect and reveal their nature, the development of ways to increase the impact and resistance of heavy metals on plants. Formulating the results of the study, it was found that different heavy metals concentrations (CuSO4 and CdSO4) negatively affect the growth of corn varieties. This can be seen from the tables below (tables 1, 2, 3, 4).

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Wang, Mengjing, Qianqian Li, Meifang Hou, Louisa L. Y. Chan, Meng Liu, Soo Kai Ter, Ting Dong, Yun Xia, Sanjay H. Chotirmall, and Mingliang Fang. "Inactivation of common airborne antigens by perfluoroalkyl chemicals modulates early life allergic asthma." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 24 (June 7, 2021): e2011957118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011957118.

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Allergic asthma, driven by T helper 2 cell-mediated immune responses to common environmental antigens, remains the most common respiratory disease in children. Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are environmental contaminants of great concern, because of their wide application, persistence in the environment, and bioaccumulation. PFCs associate with immunological disorders including asthma and attenuate immune responses to vaccines. The influence of PFCs on the immunological response to allergens during childhood is unknown. We report here that a major PFC, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), inactivates house dust mite (HDM) to dampen 5-wk-old, early weaned mice from developing HDM-induced allergic asthma. PFOS further attenuates the asthma protective effect of the microbial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We demonstrate that PFOS prevents desensitization of lung epithelia by LPS, thus abolishing the latter’s protective effect. A close mechanistic study reveals that PFOS specifically binds the major HDM allergen Der p1 with high affinity as well as the lipid A moiety of LPS, leading to the inactivation of both antigens. Moreover, PFOS at physiological human (nanomolar) concentrations inactivates Der p1 from HDM and LPS in vitro, although higher doses did not cause further inactivation because of possible formation of PFOS aggregates. This PFOS-induced neutralization of LPS has been further validated in primary human cell models and extended to an in vivo bacterial infection mouse model. This study demonstrates that early life exposure of mice to a PFC blunts airway antigen bioactivity to modulate pulmonary inflammatory responses, which may adversely affect early pulmonary health.

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Bondaruk, Roman S. "THE IMPACT OF THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXAMPLE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS (THUJA OCCIDENTALIS) OF THE CITY OF MINSK." JOURNAL OF THE BELARUSIAN STATE UNIVERSITY ECOLOGY 2 (2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/2521-683x/2021-2-36-43.

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In large cities a special temperature condition is formed, which is characterized by the increased temperatures that affects the duration of the growing season of plants. A decrease in the relative humidity of the air in the city is of great ecological importance for plants; this is especially noticeable in the summer. In urban conditions, a leveling of winds and the increased turbulence of air flows, which is associated with the planning features of urban development, lead to the accumulation of harmful atmospheric impurities. Smoke and dust content of the air in urban conditions retain up to 20 % of solar radiation, which has an adverse effect on the vital activity of plants. The urban environment is characterized by the features of the light regime, which disrupts the natural biological rhythms. In cities, the soils are exposed by a strong transformation and go through a complex anthropogenic impact. Compaction and contamination of the soil as well as asphalt coating negatively affect the temperature conditions, air and water exchange of the soils, and, as a result, the state of vegetation. The urban environment is distinguished by the originality of environmental factors, the specificity of technogenic impacts, leading to a significant transformation of the environment. Plants are the main factor in the ecological stabilization of the urban environment due to their vital activity, photosynthesis and the ability to accumulate pollutants. In this regard, it seems relevant to study the resistance of various plant species to urban conditions. Assessment of the ecological plasticity of plants and determination of their adaptive potential allows solving various ecological and practical problems. In the process of studying the influence of the urbanized environment on the example of the city of Minsk on some physiological indicators of thuja occidentalis plants, it was found that a change in cellular metabolism manifests itself in an increase in the permeability of cell membranes, a change in water metabolism of plants, an increase in peroxidase activity by 35% and a decrease in catalase activity by more than 1,6 times.

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Ardyaswara, Prayudha. "Literature Review: Risk Factors for Lung Physiological Disorders Due to Exposure to Wood Dust." Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health 10, no. 3 (November 26, 2021): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v10i3.2021.442-450.

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Introduction: The wood processing industry in Indonesia is experiencing very rapid development, so there are positive and negative impacts of this industry for the country. The positive impacts that occur such as increased economic growth while the negative impacts that occur include environmental pollution which directly impacts the health of workers. One of the bad effects experienced by workers working in the industrial sector is wood dust. Wood dust is an invisible object that can circulate through the air so that it can enter the body and cause disruption of lung function of workers. The purpose of this research to conduct research on the factors of lung physiology disorders caused by vulnerability to wood dust. Method: The method was used in this research is a literature review by reviewing 10 relevant articles. Results: The effects showed that the method used is the same, which is using cross sectional, and during the study the data collection tools used questionnaires with interviews. In line with the outcomes of the study, factors for pulmonary physiology are not only caused by dust levels that exceeded the threshold value (NAV), but there are several other factors, namely individual characteristics such as length of service, duration of exposure, smoking habits, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Moreover, several studies presented bivariate tests to find out the relationship between variables that are factors in the occurrence of pulmonary physiology. Conclusions: Of 10 studies most have performed a bivariate analysis, but just a few have analyzed all the factors causing pulmonary physiology. Keywords: literature review, pulmonary physiology, risk factor, wood dust

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Nanos, George D., and Ilias F. Ilias. "Effects of inert dust on olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf physiological parameters." Environmental Science and Pollution Research - International 14, no. 3 (May 2007): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.08.327.

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Abu-Romman, Saeid, and Jarrah Alzubi. "Effects of Cement Dust on the Physiological Activities of Arabidopsis thaliana." American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2015.157.164.

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Jones, C. J., C. L. Bell, and P. M. Quinton. "Different physiological signatures of sweat gland secretory and duct cells in culture." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 255, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): C102—C111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1988.255.1.c102.

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Human eccrine sweat gland cells grown in culture were found to lose their characteristic shape, becoming flattened and organized into multilayers. The resting membrane potentials of the cultured secretory cells (-35 +/- 2 mV, n = 36) were significantly higher than those measured for cultured duct cells (-22 +/- 1 mV, n = 58, P less than or equal to 0.01). When the cholinergic agonist methacholine (10(-5) or 10(-6) M) was administered, the cultured secretory cells could be distinguished unequivocally by their atropine-sensitive hyperpolarizing response (-20 +/- 2 mV, n = 43), whereas no cultured duct cells responded. When the sodium conductance antagonist amiloride (10(-5) or 10(-6) M) was administered, 44% of cultured secretory cells responded by hyperpolarization (-8 +/- 1 mV, n = 8), whereas 87% of cultured duct cells hyperpolarized (-15 +/- 1 mV, n = 46) and by a significantly greater margin (P less than or equal to 0.01). Substitution of chloride with gluconate in the bathing medium caused membrane potential depolarization in both cultured secretory and duct cell populations, which is consistent with the presence of a chloride conductance in the plasma membrane. The beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol induced a transient hyperpolarization of 5-10 mV in three out of six cultured secretory cells tested but had no effect on cultured duct cells.

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Shyla, R. S. "THE INTRODUCTION OF THE PHOTOSENSITIZER “FOTOLON” INTO THE COMMON BILE DUCT: INFLUENCE ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS." Hepatology and Gastroenterology 4, no. 2 (2020): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2020-4-2-189-195.

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Background. Photodynamic therapy of liver diseases involves the introduction of photosensitizers into the common bile duct. Objective – to evaluate the effect on animals of under pressure introduction of the photosensitizer “Photolon” into the common bile duct. Material and methods. The control group was injected with physiological solution under pressure, the experimental one – with “Photolon”. The vital signs of the animals, the laboratory data were studied, a histological examination of the liver and duct was carried out. Results. The blood parameters of the experimental animals and their postoperative condition were not statistically different from those of the control group (p≤0.05). The liver and common bile duct had normal histological structure. Conclusions. The under pressure introduction of the photosensitizer “Photolon” into the common bile duct causes no morphological changes in the liver tissues and common bile duct and has no toxic effect on animals.

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Mewe, Marco, Iris Wulfsen, Anna M. E. Schuster, Ralf Middendorff, Günter Glassmeier, Jürgen R. Schwarz, and Christiane K. Bauer. "Erg K+ channels modulate contractile activity in the bovine epididymal duct." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 3 (March 2008): R895—R904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00521.2007.

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The expression and functional role of ether-à-go-go-related gene (erg) K+ channels were examined in the bovine epididymal duct. Sperm transit through the epididymal duct relies on spontaneous phasic contractions (SC) of the peritubular smooth muscle wall. Isometric tension studies revealed SC-enhancing effects of the erg channel blockers E-4031, dofetilide, cisapride, and haloperidol and SC-suppressing effects of the activator NS-1643. In the corpus epididymidis, EC50 values of 32 nM and 8.3 μM were determined for E-4031 and NS-1643, respectively. E-4031 was also able to elicit contraction in epithelium-denuded corpus segments, which lacked SC. In the cauda region, E-4031 and NS-1643 exerted effects on agonist-induced contraction similar to those observed in the proximal duct. Experiments with nifedipine and thapsigargin suggested that the excitatory effects of E-4031 depended mainly on external calcium influx and not on intracellular calcium release. Western blot and RT-PCR assays revealed the expression of both, erg1a and erg1b, in all duct regions. Because erg1b appears to predominate in the epididymal duct, patch-clamp experiments were performed on heterologously expressed erg1b channels to investigate the sensitivity of this splice variant to NS-1643. In contrast to its effects on erg1a, NS-1643 induced a concentration-dependent current increase mainly due to a marked leftward shift in erg1b channel activation by ∼30 mV at 10 μM, explaining the inhibitory effect of the drug on epididymal SC. In summary, these data provide strong evidence for a physiological role of erg1 channels in regulating epididymal motility patterns.

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Tsuda, A., J. P. Butler, and J. J. Fredberg. "Effects of alveolated duct structure on aerosol kinetics. II. Gravitational sedimentation and inertial impaction." Journal of Applied Physiology 76, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 2510–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.76.6.2510.

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We studied the effects of alveolated duct structure on deposition processes for particle diameters > or = 1 micron. For such large particles, Brownian motion is insignificant but gravity and inertial forces play an important role. A Lagrangian description of particle dynamics in an alveolated duct flow was developed, and computational analysis was performed over the physiologically relevant range. At low flow rates gravity caused deposition. Gravitational cross-streamline motion depended on the coupled effects of curvature of gas streamlines and duct orientation relative to gravity. The detailed convective flow pattern was an important factor in determining deposition. At higher flow rates, inertial impaction contributed markedly to deposition. The curved nature of streamlines again played a major role on deposition, but duct orientation had little effect. In the medium range of flow rates, both gravitational and inertial forces simultaneously influenced particle motion. Particle inertia, per se, did not cause deposition but substantially suppressed gravitational deposition. The deposition mechanism was complex; contrary to what is often assumed in past analyses, the interaction between gravitational and inertial effects could not be described in a simple additive fashion. We conclude that the structure of the alveolar duct has an important role in gravitational sedimentation and inertial impaction in the lung acinus.

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Ortiz, Pablo A., and Jeffrey L. Garvin. "Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of nephron transport." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 282, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): F777—F784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00334.2001.

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Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in various physiological processes in the kidney. In vivo experiments first suggested that the natriuretic and diuretic effects caused by NO may be due to decreased NaCl and fluid absorption by the nephron. In the last 10 years, several reports have directly demonstrated a role for NO in modulating transport in different tubule segments. The effects of NO on proximal tubule transport are still controversial. Both stimulation and inhibition of net fluid and bicarbonate have been reported in this segment, whereas only inhibitory effects of NO have been found in Na/H exchanger and Na/K-ATPase activity. The effects of NO in the thick ascending limb are more homogeneous than in the proximal tubule. In this segment, NO decreases net Cl and bicarbonate absorption. A direct inhibitory effect of NO on the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter and the Na/H exchanger has been reported, while NO was found to stimulate apical K channels in this segment. In the collecting duct, NO inhibits Na absorption and vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water permeability. An inhibitory effect of NO on H-ATPase has also been reported in intercalated cells of the collecting duct. Overall, the reported effects of NO in the different nephron segments mostly agree with the natriuretic and diuretic effects observed in vivo. However, the net effect of NO on transport is still controversial in some segments, and in cases like the distal tubule, it has not been studied.

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Inoue, T. "Physiological effects of vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide in the collecting duct." Cardiovascular Research 51, no. 3 (August 15, 2001): 470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00248-6.

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Javanmard, Z., M. Tabari Kouchaksaraei, H. A. Bahrami, S. M. Hosseini, S. A. M. Modarres Sanavi, D. Struve, and C. Ammere. "Soil dust effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of four tree species of semiarid regions." European Journal of Forest Research 139, no. 3 (September 13, 2019): 333–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01232-z.

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Zeidel, M. L., K. Jabs, D. Kikeri, and P. Silva. "Kinins inhibit conductive Na+ uptake by rabbit inner medullary collecting duct cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 258, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): F1584—F1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1990.258.6.f1584.

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Kinins promote natriuresis in vivo, at least in part by altering Na+ transport in the collecting duct. Using freshly prepared suspensions of rabbit inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells, we have examined the effects of kinins on Na+ transport using measurements of oxygen consumption (QO2) and isotopic Na+ uptake. Bradykinin (BK) inhibited IMCD cell QO2 by 24.7 +/- 0.9% without significantly reducing QO2 in cells derived from the outer medullary collecting duct. BK and kallidin half-maximally inhibited QO2 at concentrations in the 10(-12)-10-(-11) M range; beta 1-receptor agonists did not alter QO2, and beta 1-receptor antagonism did not reduce the effect of kinins. These observations indicate that the actions of kinins on IMCD cells are mediated by beta 2-receptors or a distinct subclass. Several observations indicate that kinins reduce QO2 by inhibiting Na+ entry: in the absence of Na+, BK did not reduce QO2; BK inhibition of QO2 was not additive with ouabain, amiloride, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), or 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and was abolished in the presence of the cation ionophore amphotericin B. Measurements of isotopic Na+ uptake demonstrated that BK reduced the initial rate of Na+ entry by 58%; BK inhibited the amiloride-sensitive component of conductive Na+ uptake. Because ANP inhibits conductive Na+ entry in IMCD cells via stimulation of cGMP accumulation, the effect of BK on cGMP levels was determined. Unlike ANP, BK did not increase cGMP levels, indicating that transport effects of kinins in IMCD are not mediated by cGMP. Thus kinins directly inhibit conductive Na+ entry in IMCD cells at concentrations suggestive of a physiological effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Mohamed, M. Ibrahim, and A. El Gaely Gehan. "Short-term effects of dust storm on physiological performance of some wild plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." African Journal of Agricultural Research 7, no. 47 (December 31, 2012): 6305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar12.828.

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Arif, Rusul, and Haider Salih Jaffat. "Effect of Interleukin 17 some Physiological Changes in Rats Undergo Bile Duct Ligation and CCl4." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 10, no. 7 (2017): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2017.00367.5.

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Tojo, A., C. C. Tisher, and K. M. Madsen. "Angiotensin II regulates H(+)-ATPase activity in rat cortical collecting duct." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 267, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): F1045—F1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.267.6.f1045.

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Angiotensin II (ANG II) plays an important role in the regulation of solute transport in the kidney, and its effect on proximal tubule sodium and fluid transport has been studied extensively. Although there is evidence that ANG II receptors are present also in the distal nephron and collecting duct, little is known about the physiological role of ANG II in these segments of the renal tubule. Preliminary studies in our laboratory suggest that ANG II may have both structural and functional effects on intercalated cells in the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Therefore, the present study examines the effect of ANG II on H(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (H(+)-ATPase) and H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in individual CCD segments microdissected from collagenase-treated rat kidneys. The H(+)-ATPase was measured as bafilomycin-sensitive ATPase activity, and H(+)-K(+)-ATPase was measured as Sch-28080-sensitive ATPase activity, by a fluorometric microassay. Preincubation of CCD segments with ANG II, 10(-10)-10(-5) M, caused a dose-dependent decrease in H(+)-ATPase activity with maximum inhibition at 10(-8) M of ANG II. The inhibitory effect of ANG II was abolished when tubules were incubated with ANG II in the presence of 10(-6) M losartan, indicating that the inhibition was mediated via specific AT1 receptors. The AT2-receptor antagonist, PD-123319, had no effect on the ANG II-mediated inhibition of H(+)-ATPase activity. Preincubation of CCD segments with 10(-10) or 10(-7) M ANG II had no effect on H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Tong, Haijie, Pascale S. J. Lakey, Andrea M. Arangio, Joanna Socorro, Christopher J. Kampf, Thomas Berkemeier, William H. Brune, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa. "Reactive oxygen species formed in aqueous mixtures of secondary organic aerosols and mineral dust influencing cloud chemistry and public health in the Anthropocene." Faraday Discussions 200 (2017): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00023e.

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Mineral dust and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) account for a major fraction of atmospheric particulate matter, affecting climate, air quality and public health. How mineral dust interacts with SOA to influence cloud chemistry and public health, however, is not well understood. Here, we investigated the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are key species of atmospheric and physiological chemistry, in aqueous mixtures of SOA and mineral dust by applying electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry in combination with a spin-trapping technique, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and a kinetic model. We found that substantial amounts of ROS including OH, superoxide as well as carbon- and oxygen-centred organic radicals can be formed in aqueous mixtures of isoprene, α-pinene, naphthalene SOA and various kinds of mineral dust (ripidolite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, palygorskite, and Saharan dust). The molar yields of total radicals were ∼0.02–0.5% at 295 K, which showed higher values at 310 K, upon 254 nm UV exposure, and under low pH (<3) conditions. ROS formation can be explained by the decomposition of organic hydroperoxides, which are a prominent fraction of SOA, through interactions with water and Fenton-like reactions with dissolved transition metal ions. Our findings imply that the chemical reactivity and aging of SOA particles can be enhanced upon interaction with mineral dust in deliquesced particles or cloud/fog droplets. SOA decomposition could be comparably important to the classical Fenton reaction of H₂O₂ with Fe²⁺ and that SOA can be the main source of OH radicals in aqueous droplets at low concentrations of H₂O₂ and Fe²⁺. In the human respiratory tract, the inhalation and deposition of SOA and mineral dust can also lead to the release of ROS, which may contribute to oxidative stress and play an important role in the adverse health effects of atmospheric aerosols in the Anthropocene.

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Govindan, Shankara, Nebiyu Elias Tamrat, and Zi Jun Liu. "Effect of Ageing on the Common Bile Duct Diameter." Digestive Surgery 38, no. 5-6 (2021): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000519446.

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Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine if the common bile duct (CBD) diameter increases physiologically with age and investigate whether gallstones lead to changes in CBD diameter. Method: Our study is composed of 721 patients in 2 groups: 517 asymptomatic patients and 204 gallstones patients who underwent MRCP. Their CBD diameter was measured at its widest visible portion on MRCP. Simple linear regression of the average of these measurements was used to investigate the relationship between age and CBD diameter in both populations. Subjects were further divided into 8 subgroups age-wise, respectively, and their means compared decade-wise using ANOVA. Furthermore, each subgroup mean from both populations was compared with each other using a t test. Results: Among the 517 subjects, the mean CBD diameter was 5.3663 mm ± 1.43546 and correlated with age (p < 0.01), dilating at 0.07 mm/year. The mean diameter of our oldest group was 7.9 mm, resulting in a plausible upper limit of 8 mm for the asymptomatic population. The mean CBD diameter of the cholelithiasis population was 5.6738 mm ± 1.40986 and also correlated with age (p < 0.01). The mean CBD diameter of the age groups from the cholelithiasis population was larger than that from the asymptomatic population, but none were statistically significant. Conclusion: Although the CBD increases physiologically with age, there is no significant difference in CBD size between the general population and the cholelithiasis patients at any particular age. Gallstones do not independently dilate the CBD.

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Lim, Kenneth Y. T., Minh Anh Nguyen Duc, Minh Tuan Nguyen Thien, Rajamanickam Yuvaraj, and Jack S. Fogarty. "Investigating the Effects of Microclimate on Physiological Stress and Brain Function with Data Science and Wearables." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 10769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710769.

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This paper reports a study conducted by students as an independent research project under the mentorship of a research scientist at the National Institute of Education, Singapore. The aim of the study was to explore the relationships between local environmental stressors and physiological responses from the perspective of citizen science. Starting from July 2021, data from EEG headsets were complemented by those obtained from smartwatches (namely heart rate and its variability and body temperature and stress score). Identical units of a wearable device containing environmental sensors (such as ambient temperature, air pressure, infrared radiation, and relative humidity) were designed and worn, respectively, by five adolescents for the same period. More than 100,000 data points of different types—neurological, physiological, and environmental—were eventually collected and were processed through a random forest regression model and deep learning models. The results showed that the most influential microclimatic factors on the biometric indicators were noise and the concentrations of carbon dioxide and dust. Subsequently, more complex inferences were made from the Shapley value interpretation of the regression models. Such findings suggest implications for the design of living conditions with respect to the interaction of the microclimate and human health and comfort.

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Javanmard, Z., M. Tabari Kouchaksaraei, H. A. Bahrami, S. M. Hosseini, S. A. M. Modarres Sanavi, D. Struve, and C. Ammer. "Correction to: Soil dust effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of four tree species of semiarid regions." European Journal of Forest Research 139, no. 5 (June 4, 2020): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-020-01294-4.

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Lily Suherly, Yudo Rantung, Prasetyo Sarwono Putro, Widiastuti Soewondo, and Evi Rokhayati. "PTCC with saline-heparin flushing as therapeutic approach in pediatric biliary stenosis: A Case Reports." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 058–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.13.1.0261.

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Introduction: Infants usually presented with jaundice in their early life, some jaundice is physiological but some are pathological, caused by abnormality in the biliary tree. PTCC is a less invasive procedure to diagnose and exclude biliary atresia from neonates with jaundice. Case Presentation: Our patients are infants with a prolonged jaundice consulted to our department for diagnostic purpose to determine the further treatment. Cholangiography result shows a narrowed biliary duct in both patients. Saline combined with heparin flushing seems to have immediate effect on the narrowed biliary duct. Conclusion: PTCC with saline flushing combine with heparin proved to be effective as therapeutic strategy in biliary stenosis cases.

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Rocha, A. S., and L. H. Kudo. "Atrial peptide and cGMP effects on NaCl transport in inner medullary collecting duct." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 259, no. 2 (August 1, 1990): F258—F268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1990.259.2.f258.

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We examined the action of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on Na+ and Cl- transport in in vitro microperfused inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) isolated from rat kidneys. First we studied the isotopic fluxes at low perfusion rates (7 nl/min). The results showed that ANF added to bath decreased lumen-to-bath flux (Jl----b) of Na+ and increased Na+ bath-to-lumen flux (Jb----l). This was substantiated by a direct demonstration that ANF reduces net Na+ and Cl- absorption. The effect of ANF on Jl----b and Jb----l of Na+ was also observed at high perfusion rates (25 nl/min). The inhibitory effect of ANF was observed even when Na+ Jl----b was stimulated by vasopressin (VP). ANF (6 x 10(-11) M) added to bath increased Cl- Jb----l and generated a negative lumen potential difference (PD). These two effects were inhibited by furosemide and by the replacement of Na+ by choline and Cl- by SO4(2-) in the bath fluid. These observations are compatible with the existence of a Na(+)-Cl(-)-K+ cotransport mechanism stimulated by ANF. Moreover, the effects of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) added to the bath on PD, Jl----b, and Jb----l of Na+ were similar to those observed with ANF. Thus, physiological concentrations of ANF inhibit directly Na+ and Cl- absorption in IMCD by two mechanisms, 1) by increasing cotransport Na(+)-Cl(-)-K+ secretion and 2) by inhibiting NaCl absorption both in the absence and in the presence of VP. These effects on NaCl transport appear to be mediated by cGMP.

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Peliukhovskyi, S. G. "Agrophysical and physico-chemical properties of grey forest soil for the influence of different types of fertilizers and chemical reclamation." Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" 2, no. 93 (December 22, 2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/zem.93.43-49.

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The article presents results of research of the agrophysical and physico-chemical properties of gray forest coarse-dust light-loam soil. The influence of liming and systematic use of mineral fertilizers of by-products and the aftereffect of siderate, both separately and in various combinations on the density of the composition and structure of absorbing complex of the arable and subsoils of the soil, is shown. The density of the soil compilation in the studied areas varied in the range - 1.28 - 1.53 kg / cm3. There was also a negative effect on the introduction of physiologically acidic mineral fertilizers, on the physical properties of the arable and subsoil layer. The introduction of CaCO3 has changed the structure of exchange cations at soil absorbing complex and led to the improvement of physical properties of the soil. Positive effects were detected by the use of complex chemical melioration, together with N50P30K55, by-products and aftereffects of siderate.

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Yasuda, G., S. Umemura, and W. B. Jeffries. "Effect of epinephrine on cAMP accumulation in cultured rat inner medullary collecting duct cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 272, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): F192—F197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1997.272.2.f192.

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In a previous study we have reported the existence of alpha2- and beta-adrenoceptors in cultured rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. In this report, we examined the effect of epinephrine on intracellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation and evaluated whether alpha2-adrenoceptors interact with beta-receptors, vasopressin receptors, and prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptors by measuring cAMP generation. Epinephrine stimulated cAMP accumulation in a dose-dependent manner [half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 300 nM]. Rauwolscine (10 microM) enhanced epinephrine effects, shifting the dose-response curve for epinephrine to the left (EC50 = 120 nM); however, beta-antagonists inhibited epinephrine-induced cAMP accumulation. Epinephrine (10 microM) inhibited cAMP accumulation maximally induced by isoproterenol (10 microM); this effect was reversed by rauwolscine (10 microM). Epinephrine inhibited vasopressin (100 nM)-induced cAMP accumulation but failed to inhibit PGE2 (10 microM)-induced cAMP accumulation. We conclude that epinephrine acts as an alpha2- and beta-adrenoceptor agonist and that alpha2-adrenoceptors interact with beta-adrenoceptors and vasopressin receptors but not with PGE2 receptors on cAMP accumulation. This suggests that alpha2-adrenoceptors play a physiological role via interaction with different hormone receptors.

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Hus-Citharel, Annette, Nadine Bouby, Maithé Corbani, Julie Mion, Christiane Mendre, Judit Darusi, Csaba Tomboly, et al. "Characterization of a functional V1B vasopressin receptor in the male rat kidney: evidence for cross talk between V1B and V2 receptor signaling pathways." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 321, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): F305—F321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00081.2021.

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Although V1BR mRNA has been detected in the kidney, the precise renal localization as well as pharmacological and physiological properties of this receptor remain unknown. Using original pharmaceutical tools, this study brings new data on the localization and signaling pathways of V1BR, highlights a cross talk between V1BR and V2 receptor (V2R) in the inner medullary collecting duct, and suggests that V1BR may counterbalance in some pathophysiological conditions the antidiuretic effect triggered by V2R activation.

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Garg, L. C. "Respective roles of H-ATPase and H-K-ATPase in ion transport in the kidney." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2, no. 5 (November 1991): 949–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v25949.

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Two types of proton-translocating ATPases, H-ATPase and H-K-ATPase, are found in the renal tubular cells. H-ATPase is present in both endocytic vesicles and apical membranes in almost all nephron segments. On the other hand, H-K-ATPase is present only in the connecting tubule and collecting duct. There is evidence to suggest that H-ATPase may be involved in H secretion in almost all nephron segments. H-K-ATPase is involved not only in H secretion but also in K absorption in the collecting duct segments. Aldosterone administration and metabolic acidosis stimulate the activity of H-ATPase in all collecting duct segments, whereas hypokalemia has only a limited effect on H-ATPase activity. On the other hand, hypokalemia, as well as metabolic acidosis, stimulates H-K-ATPase activity in the collecting duct segments, whereas aldosterone administration alone plays a minor role in the regulation of this enzyme. The physiological role and regulation of H-ATPase in the proximal tubule has not been established.

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Shreyas Bhalerao, Shreyas Bhalerao, Pooja Batra, Maneshwar Singh Utaal, and Chirag Sasan. "Evaluation of effect of cholecystectomy on common bile duct diameter using ultrasonography and liver function test: a prospective study." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 4 (March 23, 2018): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20181103.

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Background:Different factors influencing the post cholecystectomy CBD diameter have been implicated. Ultrasound has emerged as a diagnostic imaging method of choice for liver and extrahepatic biliary system. In order to differentiate the diagnosis of asymptomatic bile duct dilatation, one needs to perform either MRCP or ERCP, which are both expensive and/or invasive test. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the physiological changes in bile duct after cholecystectomy to reduce unnecessary testing for early detection of bile duct lesions.Methods: 100 cases of gall stone disease undergoing cholecystectomy in the department of surgery were studied. Pre operative and Post operative Ultrasound whole abdomen with focus on CBD diameter and Liver function test were done, Post operative data was collected on 10th day and again after 3 months. The data was compiled, compared and analysed.Results:The mean preoperative diameter was 4.12 mm, postoperatively, the mean diameter of the CBD in early follow up period i.e. at 10th day and at 3 months, was found to be 4.75 and 5.14 mm respectively. The difference between mean preoperative and mean postoperative (10th day follow up) diameter was found to be 0.63 mm (p<0.01). The difference between mean preoperative and mean postoperative (3 months follow up) diameter was found to be 1.02 (p<0.01) mm, both statistically significant. Conclusions:Significant compensatory dilatation does occur in common bile duct diameter after cholecystectomy in most of the patients.

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Uzun, Lokman, Mehmet Birol Ugur, Irfan Peksoy, Mehmet Cabuk, and Fikret Cinar. "The Effect of Lateral Osteotomy of Septorhinoplasty on Nasolacrimal Duct Functions: A Radionuclide Imaging Study." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 4 (July 2005): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900412.

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Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lateral osteotomy of septorhinoplasty on nasolacrimal duct functions by dacryoscintigraphy. Methods The study group comprised 60 nasolacrimal systems of 30 consecutive patients who underwent septorhinoplasty. Dacryoscintigraphy images were taken in the preoperative period and postoperative 1st week and 3rd month. After Tc-99m pertechnetate instillation, dynamic images were obtained every 15 seconds. For cases of normal drainage, the study was terminated after 10 minutes but when obstruction was suspected, external ocular massage and rapid nasal inspiration were applied and the test was extended for an additional 10 minutes. Systems were classified either as passage without massage (normal nasolacrimal test), passage with massage (physiological obstruction), or presac or postsac obstruction (partial or complete obstruction) according to test results. Transit time was determined for cases with normal test or physiological obstruction. Results In the preoperative period eight systems (two presac and six postsac) had obstruction. There were a total of 11 (18.3%) additional systems with obstruction (4 presac and 7 postsac) in the 1st postoperative week and patient symptoms were not in complete agreement with the test results in this period. By the 3rd month, nine systems (three presac and six post sac) had obstruction. Transit time was prolonged in both the postoperative 1st week and the postoperative 3rd month tests compared with the preoperative tests (p = 0.000 and p = 0.023, respectively). Conclusion We did not encounter any permanent obstructions after lateral osteotomy of rhinoplasty. Temporary obstructions in the 1st postoperative week improved to normal preoperative status by the postoperative 3rd month.

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Das, T. M. "Effects of deposition of dust particles on leaves of crop plants on screening of solar illumination and associated physiological processes." Environmental Pollution 53, no. 1-4 (1988): 421–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(88)90057-7.

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Kumar, Ashwani, Rakesh Joshi, and S. P. Sharma. "Effects of Long Term Exposure of Cotton Dust on Physiological and Anthropometric Profiles of Cotton Mill Workers in Phagwara, Punjab." Journal of Human Ecology 7, no. 3 (July 1996): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.1996.11907216.

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Милькевич, I. Milkevich, Гусейнов, A. Guseynov, Гусейнов, and T. Guseynov. "Anatomical and physiological aspects of lactostasis." Journal of New Medical Technologies 21, no. 3 (September 5, 2014): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5923.

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Lactose is a consequence of dysfunction of the mammary glands in women with breastfeeding between production and secretion of milk, resulting in stagnation of milk. The purpose is to study predisposing anatomical and physiological factors in the de-velopment of lactose associated with narrowing of the ducts and hypofunction lobular-ductal system of the breast in women with breastfeeding. The research has included a study of the status of the lactating breast in 42 women with breastfeeding. The 1st group consisted of 27 women with lactose. Control (the 2nd) group consisted of 15 women with breastfeeding without lactose. The study has shown that the development of the stagnation of milk is caused by a range of predisposing and contributing factors, among which the most important are the anatomical and physiological reasons: the restriction and paresis of the milk ducts, dyscoordination of the lobular-ductal system. The leading cause of stagnation of milk is an anatomical narrowing and the tortuous course of the milky threads with physiological dysfunction of the ductal system of the lactating breast. A main factor in the development of the pathological process is fibrocystic breast disease, which is characterized by morphological and functional changes in the mammary glands in the form of diffuse or focal changes of the connective tissue, mainly ductectasia. These changes under effects of other factors on a certain area of the lactating mammary glands lead either to morpho-functional narrowing, the violation of the ducts, either individual or combined physiological hypofunctions of up to paresis. Appeared first sections of the stagnation of milk, swelling of the breast increase the compression duct and obstruct the outflow of milk, leading to clinically significant pathological process of the lactose, the resolution of which requires consideration of all the above clinical and pathogenetic data with a complex of therapeutic measures.

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Gallagher, Sean, and Christopher A. Hamrick. "Maximum Acceptable Weights of Lift for Common Coal Mine Supply Items." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 10 (October 1992): 654–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129203601003.

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A series of psychophysical lifting studies was conducted to establish maximum acceptable weights of lift (MAWL) for three supply items commonly handled in underground coal mines (rock dust bags, ventilation stopping blocks, and crib blocks). Each study utilized 12 subjects, all of whom had considerable experience working in underground coal mines. Effects of lifting in four postures (standing, stooping under a 1.5 m ceiling, stooping under a 1.2 m ceiling, and kneeling) were investigated together with four lifting conditions (combinations of lifting symmetry and lifting height). The frequency of lifting was set at 4 per minute, and the task duration was 15 minutes. Posture significantly affected the MAWL for the rock dust bag (standing MAWL was 7% greater than restricted postures and kneeling MAWL was 6.4% less than stooped); however, posture interacted with lifting conditions for both of the other materials. Physiological costs were found to be significantly greater in the stooped postures compared to kneeling for all materials. Other contrasts (standing versus restricted postures, stooping under 1.5 m ceiling versus stooping under 1.2 m ceiling) did not exhibit significantly different levels of energy expenditure. Energy expenditure was significantly affected by vertical lifting height; however, the plane of lifting had little influence on metabolic cost. Recommended acceptable workloads for the three materials are 20.0 kg for the rock dust bag, 16.5 kg for the ventilation stopping block, and 14.7 kg for the crib block. These results suggest that miners are often required to lift supplies that are substantially heavier than psychophysically acceptable lifting limits.

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Higashihara, E., and J. P. Kokko. "Effects of aldosterone on potassium recycling in the kidney of adrenalectomized rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 248, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): F219—F227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1985.248.2.f219.

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Recent studies have suggested that potassium, like urea, undergoes medullary recycling. The present cortical and papillary micropuncture studies were designed to confirm the existence of medullary potassium recycling and to determine whether acute infusions of aldosterone affected this phenomenon. Thus, nephron segmental analysis of potassium and sodium transport was conducted in adrenalectomized Munich-Wistar rats and similarly prepared rats that received aldosterone acutely to achieve physiological blood levels. The clearance results demonstrated that aldosterone has an acute antinatriuretic and a kaliuretic effect, whereas the micropuncture studies demonstrated that 1) aldosterone increases potassium secretion between early and late distal tubule punctures; 2) aldosterone causes an increase in delivery of potassium to the papillary collecting duct; 3) aldosterone does not increase potassium secretion across the papillary collecting duct; and 4) aldosterone significantly increases medullary potassium recycling as evidenced by increased quantities of potassium present at the bend of the loop of Henle in response to aldosterone infusions. Thus, the studies confirm the existence of potassium recycling and suggest that this phenomenon is a feedback system that, in part, regulates urinary potassium excretion.

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Hartati, Dwi Ayu, Sartini Risky, Laode Kamalia, Hasrul Tonapa, and Nurul Aisyiah Rizal. "Evaluation of Rational Antibiotic Use in Non-Pneumonia ARI Disease Patients in the Working Area of Health Center "X" in Mining Area PT. ANTAM, Tbk Pomalaa Subdistrict." Waluya The International Science And Health Journal 1, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54883/wish.v1i4.26.

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Introduction: Infection of the airways is a common disease in the community. Most respiratory infections are caused by infections, but can also be caused by installation of organic materials or chemical vapors and inhalation of dust materials containing allergens. The main effects of dust on workers are both acute lung disorders and chronic physiological dysfunction, eye irritation, sensory irritation, and accumulation of harmful substances in the body. This study is intended to find out the rigors of antibiotics in cases of non-pneumonia airway infection disease in the working area of health center "X" in the mining area of PT. Antam Tbk Pomalaa Subdistrict June-December 2021 period. Method: Data retrieval is done descriptively by taking secondary data in the health center "X" mining area pt. Antam Tbk Pomalaa Subdistrict. The maximum value of antibiotics in ARI non-pneumonia disease is the maximum limit set by the health department, which is 20%. Result: From the results of the study there were 230 patients affected by non-pneumonia ARI disease in health center "X" mining area PT. Antam Tbk Pomalaa Subdistrict. Conclusion: The use of antibiotics in ARI non-pneumonia in health center "X" Pomalaa subdistrict is rational.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dust Physiological effect'

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