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Young, R. P. "House dust mite sensitization : the role of genetic and environmental factors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334956.
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Kronqvist, Marianne. "Clinical and immunological studies of respiratory allergy among farmers : with focus on dust mite allergy /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4411-3/.
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Tabbah, Khaldoun. "Specific immunotherapy for perennial allergic rhinitis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299414.
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Furmonaviciene, Ruta. "Structural studies of Der p 1, the major house dust mite allergen, and its homologues." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342488.
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Joseph, Karen Elizabeth. "The effect of providing bedding encasings on adherence to dust mite control procedures in pediatric asthma patients." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1605.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 123 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-68).
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Colloff, M. J. "The biology and control of the European House Dust Mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart, 1897) (Acari:Pyroglyphidae) in relation to atopic allergy." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375455.
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Taylor, Rebecca Chantelle. "Effects of toll-like receptor 2 ligands on T-cell responses to mite allergen in humans." University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0107.
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[Truncated abstract] The last few decades have witnessed an increase in the prevalence, morbidity and economic burden associated with asthma and allergic disease. This rising incidence cannot be completely explained by changes in genetic factors or by improvements in diagnostic procedures. Environmental factors, particularly those associated with a westernised lifestyle, are considered to be involved in this increase. In the late 1980’s Strachan was the first to link environmental factors with allergic disease, this theory became to be known as the ‘hygiene hypothesis’. This hypothesis links the “cleaner” more “healthy ” environment we now live in, with an increased risk of developing allergic disease. This effect is highlighted by studies linking farm and animal exposure (rich in microbial compounds) during early life with a decrease in allergic disease. Since then numerous studies have been undertaken to ascertain the factors present in the microbe rich environment, which elicit this protective effect. Many studies have revolved around endotoxin, however microbial components (mainly from Gram-positive bacteria) which signal through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), have also shown that they can alter the allergic immune response. In mice models TLR2 has been shown to both exacerbate and inhibit allergic disease. The above research highlights the need for further studies into the effect of TLR2 ligands, and to define the mechanisms by which they exert their effects in human allergic disease. These mechanisms will be relevant to understanding the pathogenesis of allergy, but also might provide novel ways to treat allergy. The aims of the study outlined in this thesis were to determine whether in vitro exposure to TLR2 ligands could modify the established immune response to house dust mite allergen (HDM), and to examine the mechanisms by which this occurs. ... The addition of glucocorticoids to LTA enhanced the ability of this TLR2 ligand to inhibit IL-5 and IL-13 production by HDM-activated blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, this study shows that TLR2 ligands have the ability to inhibit the Th2 response to mite allergen in previously sensitized individuals by an as yet unknown mechanism. However the findings described herein do provide an impetus for future studies designed to uncover novel mechanisms by which allergic responses can be ameliorated, and may open new treatment modalities.
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Rigaux, Peter. "Evaluation des propriétés immunomodulatrices de la bactérie lactique Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB8826 dans le cadre de l'allergie aux acariens." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210414.
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Les effets anti-allergiques des bactéries lactiques sont suggérés par plusieurs études épidémiologiques, des essais cliniques et des modèles expérimentaux d’allergie. Cependant, les propriétés immunomodulatrices des bactéries lactiques sont sous-exploitées par les stratégies vaccinales développées pour combattre l’allergie et les mécanismes empruntés par ces bactéries pour moduler l’allergie restent peu caractérisés.Dès lors, nous avons caractérisé les propriétés immunomodulatrices qu’exerce Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB8826, une bactérie lactique modèle, sur la cellule dendritique étant donné le rôle déterminant de cette cellule sur la réponse allergique. Nous montrons que L. plantarum induit une forte sécrétion d’IL-12 p40, d’IL-12 p70, de TNF-a mais une faible production d’IL-10. Cette faculté à induire la sécrétion de cytokines polarisantes dépend de TLR2, de TLR9, de MyD88, de NF-kB, des MAPKs (en particulier JNK, p38 et ERK 1/2), de la composition de l’acide lipotéichoïque de L. plantarum et de CD14. Nous montrons aussi que l’ADN génomique de L. plantarum est un agoniste de TLR9 et que CD14 et CD36 facilitent la liaison de la cellule dendritique avec L. plantarum.
Ensuite, nous avons évalué le potentiel vaccinal d’une coadministration L. plantarum + Der p 1 dans un modèle murin d’allergie à Der p 1. Cette formulation vaccinale prévient la production d’IgE Der p 1-spécifique et atténue l’éosinophilie pulmonaire tout en stimulant une forte production d’anticorps IgG2a Der p 1-spécifiques et d’IFN-g par les cellules spléniques. Ces effets bénéfiques nous ont conduit à élaborer une bactérie lactique recombinante dérivée de L. plantarum produisant Der p 1 pour la vaccination contre l’allergie aux acariens. La forme antigénique que nous avons réussi à faire produire par L. plantarum correspond à une protéine de fusion entre la Maltose Binding Protein de E. coli et ProDer p 1 (le zymogène de Der p 1), la présence de ce partenaire de fusion étant indispensable à la production de ProDer p 1. En prophylaxie, la vaccination par cette bactérie recombinante prévient la production d’anticorps IgE-Der p 1-spécifiques et stimule la production d’anticorps IgG2a spécifiques, reproduisant les effets de la coadministration L. plantarum + Der p 1. Elle réduit de manière drastique la production d’IL-5 des cellules spléniques et des cellules ganglionnaires médiastinales et prévient l’éosinophilie pulmonaire mais n’a pas d’effet sur l’hyperréactivité bronchique. Der p 1 étant un des allergènes d’acarien les plus immunodominants, cet ensemble de données montre donc que cette bactérie recombinante constitue un vaccin prophylactique prometteur pour la prévention de l’allergie aux acariens. Des résultats préliminaires obtenus à partir de cellules dendritiques humaines et lymphocytes T autologues montrent la forte capacité de cette bactérie recombinante à induire le développement d’une réponse Th1 fortement polarisée (production d’IFN-g en l’absence de production d’IL-4 et d’IL-5), ce qui suggère que l’utilisation de cette bactérie recombinante pourrait être envisagée pour le traitement de l’allergie chez l’homme.
Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
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Michaud, Bénédicte. "Etude de la réponse lymphocytaire T dans l’allergie de l’enfant, au diagnostic et au cours de la désensibilisation." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T025/document.
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Les maladies allergiques sont de plus en plus fréquentent. Elles atteignent souvent l’enfant jeune chez qui l’allergie respiratoire et l’allergie alimentaire sont les principales pathologies. L’unique traitement curatif est l’immunothérapie spécifique d’antigène (ITA), largement développée dans l’allergie respiratoire et encore à ses débuts dans l’allergie alimentaire. Pour adapter au mieux la prise en charge du patient, le diagnostic précis de l’allergie est indispensable et il n’existe actuellement pas d’examen biologique totalement fiable. Seul, la présence d’IgE spécifiques permet de diagnostiquer une sensibilisation à un allergène mais pas une allergie cliniquement symptomatique. Dans une première partie, nous avons étudié l’intérêt d’un test fonctionnel, l’ELISpot (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot), dans le diagnostic de l’allergie aux acariens chez l’enfant asthmatique. Le nombre de lymphocytes T circulants spécifiques d’acariens sécréteur d’interleukine (IL)-4 ou d’IL-13 était associé à la présence d’une allergie symptomatique, indépendamment des IgE spécifiques. Il était plus élevé dans le cas d’une rhinite allergique sévère et plus faible dans le cas d’une rhinite allergique légère. De plus, il variait au cours de l’année en fonction des saisons avec un pic en automne et un pic en début de printemps. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons étudié l’intérêt de l’ELISpot dans le diagnostic de l’allergie au lait de vache chez l’enfant, confirmée par un test de provocation orale en double aveugle. Nous avons décrit que le nombre de lymphocytes T spécifiques de la caséine et sécréteurs d’IL-4 et d’IL-13 était associé à l’allergie au lait de vache avec une sensibilité de 100%. Par ailleurs, le nombre de lymphocytes T spécifiques de la caséine était également associé à la dose maximale de lait tolérée par l’enfant.Enfin, dans une troisième partie, nous avons étudié la réponse lymphocytaire T au cours d’une ITA sub-linguale (SLIT) d’une part et sous-cutanée (SCIT) d’autre part, chez des enfants asthmatiques allergiques aux acariens suivis pendant une année. Nous avons décrit une diminution des lymphocytes Th2 (sécréteurs d’IL-4 et IL-13) spécifiques d’acariens après 12 mois de SLIT associée à une augmentation des cellules sécrétrices d’IL-10 (Tr1) spécifiques d’acariens après 6 mois de SLIT. De plus, les lymphocytes T régulateurs (CD4+CD25hiCD127loFoxp3+) étaient augmentés après 12 mois de SCIT. Nous n’avons pas retrouvé de production accrue d’interféron γ (IFNγ) par les lymphocytes T spécifiques d’acariens au cours de la désensibilisation.Au total, ce travail nous a permis de décrire qu’un test fonctionnel, l’ELISpot, permet de réaliser un diagnostic fiable de l’allergie aux acariens et de l’allergie au lait de vache chez l’enfant. Par ailleurs, l’ITA induit une diminution des cellules Th2 et une augmentation des cellules Tr1 par voie sub-linguale ainsi qu’une augmentation des Treg Foxp3+ par voie sous-cutanée sans immunodéviation Th2/Th1, chez l’enfant allergique aux acariensAllergic diseases are steadily increasing steadily and especially in children. Allergen specific immunotherapy (desensitization) is the only curative treatment for which accurate diagnosis of allergy is essential. Currently, the presence of specific IgE diagnoses a sensitization to an allergen but not a clinically symptomatic allergy. In a first part, we studied the value of a functional test, the ELISpot (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot) in the diagnosis of allergy to house dust mites (HDM). The number of circulating HDM-specific IL-4 and IL-13 secreting T cells was associated with the presence of symptoms, regardless of specific IgE and was higher in severe rhinitis than in mild rhinitis. In addition, it varied according to the season with a peak in autumn and a peak in early spring (wet periods with greater allergen exposure). In a second part, we studied the value of ELISpot for the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy in children, confirmed by double blind placebo control food challenge. We found that the number of casein-specific IL-4 and IL -13 secreting T-cells was associated with allergy to cow's milk. It was also inversely correlated to the cow’s milk tolerated cumulative dose. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve of combined IL-4 and IL-13 analysis was generated. AUC was 0,98 (95% CI 0.90-1.06). For a cut-off of 10 IL-4- and 12 IL-13 secreting T-cells, sensitivity and negative predictive value were 100%.Finally, in the third part, we monitored antigen specific T-cell response in HDM allergic children treated with sublingual ITA (SLIT) on the one hand and subcutaneous ITA (SCIT) on the other hand, during one year. We found a decrease in HDM specific Th2 cells after 12 months of SLIT associated with an increase in HDM specific IL-10 secreting T-cells after 6 months of SLIT. In addition, regulatory T cells (CD4 + CD25hiCD127loFoxp3+) were increased after 12 months of SCIT. In conclusion, this work has allowed us to describe a functional test, the ELISpot, as a reliable tool for the diagnosis of mite allergy and cow's milk allergy in children. In addition, in HDM allergic children, a decrease of Th2 cells and an increase of IL-10 secreting T-cells was found in children treated with SLIT to HDM as well as an increase in Foxp3+ Treg in children treated with SCIT
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Walshaw, M. J. "Allergen avoidance in house dust mite sensitive adult asthma." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354527.
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Silva, Dagoberto Ribeiro da. "Avaliação do ambiente domiciliar e da sensibilidade cutanea imediata de pacientes atopicos e a prevalencia de acaros em amostras de poeira coletadas de colchões de camas e berços na cidade de Londrina-PR." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308974.
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Orientadores: Eduardo Mello de Capitani, Celso Henrique de OliveiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A prevenção e tratamento de sintomas referidos como asma e rinite alérgica devem incluir o controle ambiental de aeroalérgenos, tais como ácaros e baratas. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a fauna acarina em amostras de poeira de colchões de berços e camas em Londrina, estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil, e avaliar a correlação entre fatores e métodos de controle ambientais e a sensibilidade acarina de pacientes atópicos. Crianças atópicas pré-escolares (n=24) e escolares e adultos (n=21) e o grupo-controle, com crianças sem atopia, pré-escolares (n=15), escolares e adultos (n=15) responderam a um questionário de perguntas específicas sobre as condições estruturais e ambientais de residências na cidade de Londrina/PR. Testes de puntura para ácaros e poeira domiciliar foram realizados na maioria dos pacientes para avaliar a sensibilidade imediata. Foram aspirados uma única vez, 133 amostras de poeira das faces superior e inferior de colchões e estrados de 38 residências (18 berços e 21 camas) e um berçário (6 berços). A análise estatística foi realizada para analisar a correlação dos resultados obtidos. O adequado controle ambiental foi raramente observado nas residências. Os testes de puntura mostraram uma alta sensibilidade para os extratos de poeira domiciliar e os ácaros D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae, e B. tropicalis, também em crianças. Não foi observada correlação entre sensibilização e os diversos fatores ou métodos de controle ambiental analisados. Um total de 758 corpos de ácaros foram contados em 133 amostras analisadas; 233 (30,7%) em amostras de berços e 525 (69,3%) nas amostras das camas (p<0,0001). Ácaros da poeira domiciliar, principalmente Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, representaram 72% e 84% do total de ácaros contados em amostras de poeira de berços e camas, respectivamente. A média de concentração estimada de corpos de ácaros da poeira domiciliar em amostras de berços e camas foi de 289,9 ± 136,7 e 875,0 ± 183,6 ácaros/g, respectivamente. A análise estatística demonstrou uma contagem significativamente maior de corpos de ácaros na face inferior dos colchões quando comparado com a face superior, somente nas amostras das camas (p=0,025). O estudo sugere que ácaros são importantes alérgenos para atópicos na cidade de Londrina. Os resultados aqui obtidos demonstram que os colchões de berços têm suficiente corpos de ácaros para causar sensibilização em humanos. Esforços adicionais devem ser realizados para melhorar a conscientização da população local quanto ao uso de métodos de controle de alérgenos, tais como o uso de capas de revestimento em travesseiros e colchões de berços e camas para evitar a exposição alergênica
Abstract: The prevention and treatment of symptoms related to asthma and allergic rhinitis must include the environmental control of aeroallergens such as mites and cockroaches. The aim of this study was to investigate mites in mattress dust samples from cribs or beds in the southern Brazilian city of Londrina, State of Paraná as well as to evaluate the possible interrelation between environmental factors and control methods, and mite sensitivity of atopic patients. Atopic pre-school children (n=24), school-age children and adults (n=21) and group-control with non-atopic pre-school children (n=15), school-age children and adults (n=15) completed a questionnaire on the structural and environmental conditions of Londrina/PR. Skin prick tests for mites and house dust extracts were performed in most patients to evaluate immediate sensitivity. Dust samples from 133 top and bottom mattress surfaces, and bed frames from 38 dwellings (18 cribs and 21 beds), and one day nursery (6 cribs) were vacuumed. Statistical analysis was also performed. Adequate environmental control was rarely seen in dwellings. Skin prick test results showed a high sensitivity for the extracts of house dust, and the mites D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae, and B. tropicalis, also in children. Sensitivity and environmental factors or control method correlation was not observed. A total of 758 mite bodies were counted in slides; 233 (30.7%) from cribs and 525 (69.3%) from beds (p<0.001). House dust mites- mainly Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, represented 72% and 84% of total mite count in crib and bed dust samples, respectively. The estimated mean HDM body concentration in crib or bed slides were 289.9 ± 136.7 and 875.0 ± 183.6 mites/g, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significantly higher mite body count on bottom mattress surfaces compared to top surface in bed samples only (p=0.025). The study suggests which mites are important allergens for atopic patients in Londrina. Data herein show that cribs like mattresses have sufficient mite bodies to cause sensitization to humans. Local communities should be informed about allergen control methods such as the use of mattress and pillow covers for cribs and beds to avoid allergen exposure
Doutorado
Clinica Medica
Doutor em Clínica Médica
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Schulz, Oliver. "The pro-allergic potential of the cysteine protease activity of DER P 1." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262954.
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Traherne, James Arnold. "The T cell receptor genes and the specific immunoglobulin E response." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365752.
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Shaw, Stephen Charles. "The immune response in canine atopy : hypersensitivity to house dust mites (Dermatophagoides spp.)." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340709.
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Dunn, Graham Spencer. "Crystallographic and biochemical analysis of three distinct hydrolases : dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1(Der p1), momordin and the bacterial carbon-carbon hydrolase, MhpC." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340364.
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Andes, Glenda Gilmore. "The Effect of Carpet Fiber on the Growth of Dermataphagiodes farniae in a Controlled Environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36256.
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Mites are endemic and allergy to mite excreta and parts is one of the most common allergies. Health care practitioners have recommended the removal of carpets from homes of people with mite allergies. Little, if any, consideration is given to the fact that some persons may benefit directly from the presence of carpet in their homes. In the allergen and mite research literature, carpets are rarely described as having unique characteristics and are generally referred to as a generic entity. Carpets, however, do have unique characteristics that define their construction, appearance, wearability, and cleanability.
Seventy-two pieces of commercially available, residential flooring materials were inoculated with identical numbers of mites, Dermatophagiodes farinae, and placed in the Textiles Conditioning Lab at Virginia Tech. The mites and carpet pieces were maintained in the lab, under identical, environmentally controlled conditions for 6 weeks, then the mites were extracted and counted.
On the basis of the results of statistical tests run on the study data, the null hypothesis, that there is no difference between the numbers of mites grown on the different flooring conditions, was rejected. Statistically significant differences exist between the hard floor and the nylon carpet, between hard floor and olefin carpets, but no difference between hard floor and wool carpet.
Nylon was the carpet fiber that was most supportive of the growth of house dust mites, olefin was the second most supportive, and wool carpet and hard floor were similar in being the least supportive.Master of Science
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Leitch, David Neil. "An investigation into the effects of annual residential change on asthmatic symptoms in university students." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369833.
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Wright, Gillian R. "The effect of domestic mechanical heat recovery ventilation on asthma control of patients allergic to the house dust mite." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/189/.
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The prevalence of asthma has increased over the last generation, in parallel with a warm indoor microclimate. Central heating, fitted carpets and tight building construction have improved standards of heating and energy efficiency in homes, at the expense of ventilation. A warm, humid environment favours the growth of the house dust mite population. Allergy to the house dust mite is the most common allergy associated with asthma in the UK. Studies of occupational asthma, seasonal asthma and at altitude infer that the environment may directly affect symptoms of asthma. Allergen avoidance has been advocated as an important aspect of asthma management, yet the evidence for its efficacy has not been clear. Large studies of conventional measures to eradicate dust mites, such as mattress covers, have not shown a benefit for symptoms of asthma. As house dust mites are sensitive to humidity, an additional strategy would be to reduce indoor air humidity by improving ventilation. A randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study examined the effect of the installation of domestic mechanical heat recovery ventilation on asthma control in the homes of 119 adults sensitive to house dust mite allergen. The study involved collaboration between the University Departments of Architecture, Respiratory Medicine and Immunology, local General Practices, the district general hospital, the local councils and industry. 100 participants completed follow-up. At twelve months, there was a clinically significant improvement in evening peak expiratory flow in the mechanical ventilation group and fewer admissions to hospital with asthma. There was a non-significant improvement in the mechanical ventilation group in the primary outcome, morning peak expiratory flow. There was a significant reduction in the asthma control questionnaire score at 3 months, but this was not sustained to 12 months. Rhinitis visual analogue scores for sneezing, nasal discharge and nasal blockage significantly improved in the group with mechanical ventilation compared to the control group at 6 months, but not at 12 months. There was no difference in exhaled nitric oxide, a measure of airway inflammation, between the two groups at 12 months. However, these clinical improvements could not be explained by reduced allergen exposure, as although indoor air humidity was reduced during the winter months, there was no difference between the house dust mite levels between the groups, nor in the levels of specific IgE to the house dust mite. Other mechanisms, such as mould, endotoxin, viral infection and environmental tobacco smoke should be considered in future work. In the mechanical ventilation group there was a modest individual gain of 0.02 Quality-adjusted life years over 12 months. However, it may still prove a cost-effective intervention if the clinical effects are sustained. Further research is required to establish if the clinical effects are sustained for greater than one year and to investigate the mechanism of the effect of improved home ventilation on respiratory health.
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Muniz, João Rui Oppermann 1940. "Acaros em amostras de poeira de vestimentas de individuos atopicos e não-atopicos." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308700.
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Orientador: Celso Henrique de OliveiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Ácaros são frequentemente relacionados como fontes de alérgenos para humanos, sendo encontrados principalmente em amostras de poeira de colchões, travesseiros, sofás, e tapetes. O objetivo desses estudo foi avaliar se vestimentas humanas são reservatórios de ácaros presentes na poeira domiciliar. Um total de 56 amostras de poeira de vestimentas de voluntários da cidade de Campinas foram aspiradas e analisadas através de microscopia óptica. Os resultados demonstraram que os ácaros estiveram presentes em 38 (67,9%) das vestimentas. Ácaros da poeira domiciliar (APD) representaram 92,6% do total de ácaros. Houve uma prevalência significativamente maior de APD nas amostras, quando comparados com outras famílias acarinas (p<0,0001). As principais espécies encontradas foram Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus e Euroglyphus maynei. Concluiu-se que as vestimentas também devem ser consideradas como uma importante fonte de ácaros no ambiente intradomiciliar
Abstract: Mites have been considered the most important source of allergen for humans, being found mainly on mattress, pillows, sofas, and rugs dust samples. The objective of this study was to evaluate if human clothes can also be considered another source of mites. 56 dust samples on clothes of volunteers from Campinas were vacuumed and analyzed using an optic microscopy. According to results data mites were presented on 38 (67.9%) of total analyzed dust samples. House dust mites (HDM) represented 92.6% of total mite count. There was a higher significant prevalence of HDM (p<0.0001) on samples when compared to other mite families. The most important species found were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Euroglyphus maynei. In conclusion, clothes should also be considered an important indoor source of mites
Mestrado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
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Poola, Swetha Avula. "INFLUENCE OF DIET ON POPULATION GROWTH AND ALLERGEN PRODUCTION IN CULTURED HOUSE DUST MITES - DERMATOPHAGOIDES FARINAE AND DERMATOPHAGOIDES PTERONYSSINUS." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1247665992.
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Yella, Lakshmi. "The Influence of Temperature on Population Growth and Allergen Production in Cultured House Dust Mites – Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1260772254.
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Zhao, Min [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Renz. "Development of a house dust mite model of mixed allergic airway inflammation and analysis of allergyprotective effects of Staphylococcus sciuri / Min Zhao. Betreuer: Harald Renz." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027183980/34.
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Chambers, Louise Jane. "Enzymes as allergens : the enzymatic characterisation and recombinant expression of the house dust mite allergen Der p 1, and the immune response to enzymatically active papain." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342047.
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Naegele, Alexandre. "Impact des acariens et des micro-organismes de l'habitat dans le développement de l'asthme et de la broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO)." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA3019/document.
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Notre volonté d'économiser l'énergie nous pousse à vivre dans un environnement confiné favorisant les acariens et les micro-organismes. L'objectif de la thèse est de caractériser la contamination en acariens et en micro-organismes des logements de patients présentant des pathologies respiratoires, d'évaluer l'influence des interactions acariens/moisissures sur l'exposition aux allergènes et de comprendre les facteurs favorisant la pollution biologique de l'air intérieur. Afin de disposer d'un outil commun aux acariens et aux micro-organismes, un modèle innovant de quantification des acariens pas qPCR a été mis au point. Les acariens de stockage sont sous-estimés et les mesures d'éviction doivent être appliquées à l'ensemble de l'habitat. L'observation des interactions acariens/moisissures a montré une vraie relation symbiotique: dispersion des moisissures et apports des nutriments essentiels aux acariens. La contamination des logements de producteurs laitiers atteint de BPCO a été comparée à celle de producteurs laitiers sains, de patients BPCO non-agriculteurs et de sujets sains non-agriculteurs. L'exposition agricole est abondante et spécifique à certains microorganismes caractéristiques de la ferme et la sensibilité IgG à Wallemia sebi est spécifique des producteurs laitiers BPCO Le suivi de l'impact du compostage sur la qualité biologique de l'air intérieur a démontré une augmentation des concentrations en acariens de stockage et certaines moisissures circonscrite au bio-seau. De nouveaux indicateurs communs aux acariens, aux moisissures et aux bactéries devraient nous permettre de progresser dans la détermination de la relation dose/effetOur will to save energy leads us to live in a confined environment providing the ideal conditions to mites and microorganisms development. The aim of the thesis is to characterize mites and microorganisms contamination of dwellings from patients suffering respiratory diseases, to estimate the influence of the interactions between various organic communities on the allergens exposure and to understand the factors increasing the biological pollution ofindoor air. To evaluate our exposition, we needed to quantify mites and microorganisms with a common tool and an innovative quantification mode! of domestic mites by qPCR was developed. The presence of storage mites is overemphasized in dwellings of allergie patients and the eviction measures of mites should be applied into any rooms of dwellings. The contamination of dairy fanners' dwellings suffering from COPD was compared with that ofhealthy dairy fanners, COPC patients non-farmers and healthy non-fanners. In dwellings, the dairy fanners' exposure was important and specific ofth1 fanning environment. The lgG sensitivity to Wallemia sebi was significantly specific of dairy fanners suffering from COPD. The impact of the composting on the biological air quality was evaluated and the concentrations in storage mites and some molds increased significantly only in a confined area around the waste bin. New common indicators of domestic mites, molds and bacteria should allow us to progress in the determination of the dose-response relationship for the different allergens and their possible synergie effects
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Du, Plessis Jan Leonard. "The efficacy of house dust mite 30CH in ameliorating the symptoms of dust allergy." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2854.
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Zhang, X., and Kevin J. McElwee. "Allergy promotes alopecia areata in a subset of patients." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17535.
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YesIn this commentary, we focus on allergy as a facilitating factor in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA). From previous studies on AA, it is well known that subsets of patients can have one or more of; seasonal relapse, comorbid atopic rhinitis, asthma and dermatitis, lesion infiltrating eosinophils and plasma cells, high levels of total IgE, specific IgE for house dust mites (HDMs), and/or disrupted skin barrier function by the evaluation of filaggrin. Allergy and AA share a similar genetic background; both contributing to an immune reaction imbalance. Furthermore, adjunctive treatment with antihistamines, or desensitization for HDM, can reduce the severity of alopecia in atopic AA patients. Therefore, allergies may contribute to the onset and relapse of AA. Identification of an allergic or atopic immune component in AA patient subsets may indicate adjunctive treatment intervention measures against allergies should be taken which may improve the success of conventional AA treatment.
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Chen, Yi-Chieh, and 陳怡潔. "Airborne House Dust Mite Allergen in School Children’s House in Kaohsiung City." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40437564203283166786.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
公共衛生學研究所
100
Mite is the Arthropods. The size is about 300~500μm. High temperature and relative humidity provides appropriate environmental conditions for house dust mite. The body, excrement, egg, and corpse may lead the hypersensitivity of people. The environmental condition in South Taiwan is very hot and wet, so the climate suit house dust mite to growth. Some references clearly show that the house dust mite allergen may lead the respiratory tract diseases. In addition, children are the sensitive population. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the relation between mite in household dust and air and schoolchildren’s lung function. We collected questionnaires about children’s allergy situation. The house dust mites’ allergen – Der p 1 in both air and dust samples were collected by a vacuum cleaner for dust samples and filters for air samples, respectively. In addition, we measured children’s lung function. The average concentration of living room floor dust samples, kitchen floor dust samples, bedroom floor dust samples, pillow surface dust samples, and bed surface dust samples was 42 ng/g, 77 ng/g, 159 ng/g, 1581 ng/g, and 3989 ng/g, respectively. For air samples, the average concentration of living room and bedroom air samples was 0.01 ng/m3. For the concentration of jumping bed air samples, the average value was 37 ng/g, which was about 3700 times of ordinary level. To define children allergy condition according to the IgE level, we found that the Der p 1 concentration of pillow surface dust samples and bedroom air samples of allergic children was significantly higher than that of non-allergic children. The Der p 1 concentration of bedroom air samples was significantly decreased children’s lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV3, PEF). In conclusion, our study provided the concentration distribution of house dust mite allergen in schoolchildren‘s house. We observed higher concentration of pillow surface dust samples and bedroom air samples of allergic children than that of nonallergic children. In addition, house dust mite allergen significantly decreased lung function of children.
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Hsieh, Shinyi, and 謝新誼. "Governance of Dust Mite: Risk, Consumption and Parenting on Childhood Allergic Diseases." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5u5f6m.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
社會學研究所
103
Childhood allergic diseases are currently a crucial health concern in Taiwan. According to the biomedical model of allergic diseases, these diseases have several risk factors such as heredity, immune conditions, air pollution, and allergen exposure. This study examined the risk governance of childhood allergies. I argue that risk governance is dynamic and includes several actors. This study involved determining how, during different historical periods, experts, the government, and industries in Taiwan have recognized these risk factors; examining the management practices that they have recommended; and investigating the effects of these management practices on parents. In addition, this study examined the knowledge and practices of parents, and describing their gender, generation and structural difference. The data used in this study include information obtained from archives, interviews, and participant observation. The five major findings of this study are described as follows: 1) During the process of governance, knowledge producers, health promoters, and parents participate in preventing and reducing the risks of childhood allergies. Moreover, a non-human actor, the dust mite, plays a critical role in connection with other participants. 2) However, not every risk factor has a corresponding strategy for reducing or preventing risks. Therefore, a gap exists between risk assessment and management. Because of governance policies, environmental risks associated with childhood allergies are restricted to specific “environments” on the micro level, especially the maternal environment and household environment. Many strategies have been created for reducing and preventing these environmental risks. The environmental controlling strategies involve knowledge, strategies, and commodities. 3) The limited environmental risks reinforce the moral responsibility of parents regarding the health of their children. This study follows the concept “intensive parenthood” to describe the role of parenting in preventing and reducing the risks of allergies. Parenting is financially expensive, knowledge-rich, labor-intensive, and emotionally absorbing. Parents usually perform more tasks than experts have suggested. Younger parents collect information from both the expert-guided biomedicine paradigm and situated knowledge provided by lay’s experience. By contrast, older parents rediscover their parenting methods of the past 20 years based on their knowledge of the risks of allergies. Governing the risk of allergies affects both the current practices of parents and interpretation of older parents’ previous parenting methods. 4) Risk governance became increasingly market driven in approximately 2000. Commercial corporations have played a dominant role in governing the risk of allergies. Corporations that are related to preventing and reducing the risks of allergies have shifted from traditional medical industries to industries that manufacture household electronic appliances and cleaning products. When household appliance and cleaning product corporations promote health, these promotions are focused on dust mites and identify product consumption as the primary solution. Taiwanese parents mostly receive health information related to allergies from commercial advertisements rather than from physicians or the government. 5) In 2013, there has been a controversy regarding anti-dust-mite products in Taiwan. The Homemaker United Foundation discovered that anti-dust-mite laundry detergent has the same ingredient as pesticides do, Permethrin. The anti-dust-mite laundry detergent was disputed by parents, industries, NGOs, governmental agencies, chemical experts, dust-mite experts, and physicians. The deficit in Taiwanese regulations was discovered because of public concerns. Chemicals were regulated through numerous regulations and directives before the emergence of the controversy. In conclusion, regarding the multiple risks associated with allergies, the current solutions are often reduced to a specific range of “environmental” controls, which are combined with individualized behavior management. Through household environmental controls, commercial corporations play an essential role in governing the risk of childhood allergies. However, the anti-dust-mite product unintentionally causes new risks on the ecological environment, parenting, and regulatory policies. The intensive parenting on children’s allergies is intertwined with risk management, individual moral responsibility, and healthy lifestyle consumption.
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Chang, Hao-Chen, and 張皓禎. "Generation and characterization of human monoclonal antibodies against house dust mite allergen." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86943343810880714523.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
微生物學系
81
House dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is one of the most important allergens causing allergic asthma in Taiwan. To study this allergen, we have first established an early cloning system for Epstein-Barr virus transformed lymphoblastoid cell line (EBV-LCL), and produced a panel of human monoclonal antibodies against houst dust mite allergen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) from both normal individual and dust mite allergic patients through ELISA screening. We then characterized these human monoclonal antibodies by analyzing the physical, chemical and immunologic natures of allergens. We have successfully established several mite-specific EBV-LCL secreting human antibodies of various isotype. Immunoblot analysis showed that WJL-B and LCB-E recognized about 14~15 kD band, WJL-C and WJL-D recognized about 25~30 kD of mite allergens. This antibodies are cross-reacting against allergens from various insects but did not cross-react to other allergens. Epitope analysis show that they are non- conformational dependent protein . These results indicate that the immune response of human and murine to allergens are different.Establishment of a panel of mite allergen specific human monoclonal antibodies will help to identified the epitope and structure components of different sources of insect allergens, the VH gene usage of these EBV-LCL. This may direct to understand the pathogenic, physiological phenomenon and therapy in allergic patient.
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Hsu, Ya-hui, and 許雅惠. "Prediction of the Level of House Dust Mite Allergen by Residential Characteristics." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74063395926884594468.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
職業醫學與工業衛生研究所
97
The prevalence of atopic eczema and asthma in adolescents has been reported to be increasing in the past decades in Taiwan. Exposure to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronissinus) is known to play a potent role in the onset and aggravation of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and asthma. In Taiwan, high temperature and relative humidity provide favorable conditions for dust mite to grow. It is important to evaluate the level of Der p 1 and environmental predictors, especially the residential characteristics. In addition, previous studies on dust mite allergens in Taiwan were mostly sampled by investigators, we tested the feasibility and comparability of sample collection by adult residents in this study. We studied 46 homes in the 6 cities and counties in Taiwan, included Taipei, Chiayi, Yulin, Tainan, Kaohsung and Taitung. Among these cities, 38 were the participants of the Taiwan Birth Cohort Pilot study, and their residential characteristics were studied during July to September 2007. The other 8 participants were choosed according to a respiratory study during August 2008 in Sinchuan. The information of environmental conditions, structure of house or apartment, pet-owning, habits, and frequency of cleaning were collected by questionnaire. For the comparison of resident- and investigator-collected dust mite samples, the residents sampled the dust from the surface of mattress by vacuum cleaners according to the investigator’s written sampling direction. The investigator also sampled the dust from the floor of the living room and child’s bedroom, mattress, and pillow. The dust mite allergen (Der p 1) was measured using a two-site monoclonal antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the 46 homes, the geometric means of Der p 1 were 0.13 μg per gram of dust (μg/g) for the floor of living room, 0.31 μg/g for the floor of children room, 1.70 μg/g for the mattress, and 2.90 μg/g for the pillow. By paired t test, the Der p 1 levels sampled by adult residents was not demonstrated statistically different from those sampled by investigators, moreover, the results sampled by residents and investigators were highly correlated (r=0.75). Higher dust mite levels were associated with having water leakage, dog-owning, observed surface molds, and longer duration after the last cleaning. The usage of air conditioner was negatively associated with level of dust mite This study provides the background levels of dust mite allergen (Der p 1) in Taiwan 6 cities and the residential environmental factors were found to play an important role in mite allergen concentrations. Future study on the effects for reducing mite allergen by environmental modification will be warranted.
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Lin, Hsi-Lin, and 林席菻. "Investigation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lung tissues of mice sensitized by house dust mite allergen Der p 2." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06224668495876191845.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
101
Asthma is a chronic airway diseases affecting globe population and distributing in every age. Prevalence of asthma has been dramatically increasing in Taiwan and developed nations over the past decades. Allergic asthma is the major type of the respiratory disease. Its major clinical properties of airway include hypersensitiveness, chronic inflammation, dysfunction and proliferation of smooth muscle cell, and fibrosis. Previous studies have been demonstrated that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays important roles in pathogenesis of asthma; however, roles of aeroallergens in developing airway EMT remain unclear. House dust mite (HDM) is the major cause of asthma. Literature has shown that HDM allergens are able to induce chronic airway inflammation, increase mucus production, enhance epithelial cell migration, and EMT of respiratory epithelium. Der p 2 is a major allergen derived from a HDM Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the roles of Der p 2 in EMT on lung tissue. After a 10-day consecutive sensitization with recombinant Der p 2 (rDer p 2), lung tissues from sensitized Balb/c mice were obtained and fixed. The fixed tissues were sectioned and individually reacted with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain, mucicarmine stain, Mason’s trichrome stain, silver stain, and immunohistochemical (IHC) stain. Our results revealed that the short rDer p 2 sensitization enlarged blood vessels and enhanced their permeability, resulting in increased red blood cells (RBC) in lung tissues. In contrast to increased RBC, numbers of invaded inflammatory cells in lung tissues were insignificantly changed in rDer p 2-sensitized mice as compared to sham control. Fibrosis and mucin production in lung tissues were insignificantly altered in rDer p 2-sensitized mice as compared to sham control by using Masson staining and silver staining. Interestingly, IHC stains using specific antibodies showed that levels of mesenchymal markers vimentin and
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Chen, Chih-Long, and 陳志隆. "House dust mite induces allergic sensitization and inflammation by activating the innate immunity." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88205774312634115174.
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博士國立成功大學
基礎醫學研究所
93
Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammation, which is characterized by the infiltration of Th2 cells and eosinophils in the airways, airway hyperresponsiveness, and excessive mucus secretion. Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) is one of the most prominent and important species of house dust mite implicated in allergic asthma. However, the allergenicity of Der f is not fully known. The first part of the thesis was to investigate whether the effect of Der f on innate immunity involved in allergic sensitization in a murine model of asthma with emphasis on alveolar macrophages (AMs) and mast cells (MC). In vivo results showed that Der f induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and allergen-specific antibody in mice after repetitive challenge. Administration of sodium cromoglycate, a mast cell stabilizer not only suppressed acute mast cell activation as revealed by the release of mMCP-1 but also attenuated the allergic airway inflammation. There was a 15- to 25-fold increase in nitric oxide (NO) and a 50–75% decrease in antioxidant concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of Der f mice. AM from Der f-challenged mice expressed enhanced levels of costimulatory molecule B7 and augmented T cell proliferation ex vivo. Furthermore, dexamethasone attenuated and live RSV infection augmented airway inflammation and sensitization in mice repetitive challenge with Der f. In vitro studies showed that Der f activated NF-�羠 of AM and, unlike ovalbumin (OVA) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation, it up-regulated IL-6, TNF-��, and NO. In addition, Der f down-regulated antioxidants. Der f-stimulated AM expressed enhanced levels of B7 molecules, supported T cell proliferation, and promoted Th2 cell development. Arg-Gly-Glu-Ser (RGDS) peptide and neo-glycoproteins blocked Der f effects on AM. Der f but not OVA could rapidly induced an enhanced expression of the genes for IL-1��, IL-4, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13 and TNF-�� in mystocytoma P815 cells, and stimulated P815 cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) to produce IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-�� in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cycloheximide blocked the Der f-induced IL-4 production, indicating a de novo protein synthesis process. Furthermore, supernatants from Der f-stimulated mast cells not only chemoattracted monocytes and T lymphocytes but also up-regulated the expression of B7.1 molecule, eotaxin, RANTES, MCP-1, and IP-10 mRNA of AM; they supported PHA-induced T cells proliferation and promoted Th2 cell development. These results showed that AM and mast cells in the airway mucosa might facilitate the initiation and development of allergic sensitization and inflammation. The second part of this thesis was intended to identify, quantify and characterize the BALF proteins related to the Der f-induced allergic airway inflammation using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometer. Twenty four hours after a single Der f challenge, there was a significant increase in the number of silver-stained spots mostly in an area of the electropherogram between pI 5-7 and Mr <25 kDa. The intensity, and, in a lesser extent, the number of protein spots were gradually increased and sustained for at least 48 h, which was correlated with a cellular influx into the BALF. Der f-, OVA-, and LPS-challenged mice had a total of 276, 231, and 251 spots detected, and among them 82, 56 and 37 spots had a twofold increase in abundance, respectively. Image analysis showed that the majority of the spots in the three treatments were overlapped (82% of Der f, 97% of OVA and 90% of LPS). There was a subset of the induced spots specific to each allergen, 24 spots for Der f, 9 for OVA and 10 for LPS. Fifteen proteins were identified in the BALF samples of single Der f-challenged mice by mass fingerprinting. They were proteins involved in acute phase response, host defense, antioxidant defense, cellular structure, and other purpose. In the BALF of repetitive challenged mice, 224 spots were detected. Most of which clustered in an area of the electropherogram between pI 5-7 and Mr 25-50 kDa. Comparison of the BALF protein maps of the two groups showed 56 spots with significant variations in relative abundance. Among them 28 spots with greater than twofold increase in intensities were subjected to MS, and they were proteins related to inflammation, host defense, enzymes involved in oxidant and antioxidant balance, cytoskeleton and antibody. Collectively, this study provides a large-scale profile of protein expression in the lung of Der f-induced inflammation in mice. 2-DE/MS analysis in combination with cellular immunoassays will give a more deep insight into the disease mechanisms of allergic asthma.
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Mueller, Geoffrey Andrew. "The molecular and antigenic structure of the major house dust mite allergen Der p 2 /." Diss., 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9916261.
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Wu, Jiangping. "Investigation of the existence of anti-idiotypic antibodies in house dust mite allergic individuals." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/15500.
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Chung, Chia-Chang, and 張家禎. "Study on expression of the house dust mite allergen Der p 2 in Flammulina velutipes." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48467094406231182795.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
微生物與生化學研究所
94
House dust mites are the most significant indoor allergens. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 2 protein (Der p 2), originated from the digestive tract of host dust mites, plays a major role in induction of asthma, allergic rhinitis and allergic dermatitis. Up to 85% of asthma patients are sensitized to Der p 2 in Taiwan. There are 387 bp in the cDNA clone which encodes a 129-aa protein with a molecular mass of 14 kDa. Oral tolerance can induce a group of antigen-specific regulatory T cells to suppress antigen-specific immune response through the oral administration of protein antigens presented by intestinal lymphoid tissue. However, the application of oral tolerance for the treatment of allergey was limited due to complicated purification and high cost of candidate allergens. To solve this problem, this study would like to develop the Der p 2-transgenic mushrooms possessing advantages of conveniently oral delivery and inexpensive protein production process. In this study, four different strategies were used to improve the heterogenous gene expression in Flammulina velutipes. Plasmids with an intron at 5’ of der p 2, the endoplasmic reticulum retention signal HDEL at 3’ of der p 2, fusion gene of der p 2 and egfp (enhanced green fluorescent protein), and modified the codon of der p 2 (mder p 2) were constructed for F. velutipes. After transforming the target DNA to mycelium by eleporation, only transformants of mder p 2 with an obvious signal were observed in Western blot analysis. Using Der p 2 sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sandwich-ELISA), the transformant pAImDS-19 expressed the highest Der p 2 protein, c.a. 0.02% of the total soluble proteins. This study demonstrated the expression of mite allergen in mushroom and suggested that the codon usage or the G + C content are crucial for the expression of heterogenous protein in F. velutipes.
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Liu, YC, and 劉怡君. "Mycobacterium bovis and respiratory syncytial virus infections modify the allergic responses induced by dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae in mice --- role of alveolar macrophages." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75776168503364769423.
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碩士國立成功大學
微生物暨免疫學研究所
89
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial airways orchestrated by the type 2 helper T cells, eosiniphils and their secreted cytokines. The prevalence of asthma in modern, highly industrialized countries has been risen during the past two decades. It is argued that in a very clean environment without normal colonization pattern or infections in infancy may disturb Th1/Th2 balance. Bacterial infections, such as Mycobacteria, induce Th1 type response and prevent the progression of asthma. On the contrary, viral infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), augment the symptom of bronchial inflammation. Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) is one of the most prominent and important species of house dust mite implicated in allergic asthma. In our previous study, we demonstrated that Der f was proinflammatory in mice, and that repetitive intratracheal challenge of Der f induced an allergic airway inflammation characterized by the infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes and elevation of IgE antibody and Th2 cytokine levels. Using this model system, we observed that pre-infection of mice with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) significantly attenuated the Der f-induced eosinophilia in blood and BAL fluids, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in BAL fluids, and Der f-specific IgG1 and IgG2a/2b in serum as compared with non-infected mice. Intracellular cytokine staining of lung cells and lymph node cells revealed there were more IFN-g-positive cells and less IL-4-positive cells in the BCG-treated Der f-challenged mice. On the contrary, pre-infection with RSV deteriorated the Der f-induced airway inflammations. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are targets of mycobacteria, RSV and Der f. Therefore, we further examine how there pathogens affected the accessory function and mediator production of AMs in response to Der f. First, we observed that AMs from RSV-infected but not BCG-infected mice elaborated IL-6 ex-vivo. In addition, RSV-primed AMs produced substantial amounts of IL-6 after Der f stimulation. In contrast, BCG-primed AMs did not produce IL-6 in response to low concentration of Der f. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrates that (1)mycobacterial infections have the potential to suppress and RSV to augment the development of atopic disorder, (2)differences exist between BCG and RSV infection, particularly at IL-6 production of AMs.
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Chung, Chen Chin, and 陳志忠. "Cytokine Expression on CD4-CD8- Double-NegativeT cells in Dust Mite Dermatophagoides farinae Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41248948083101184492.
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碩士國立成功大學
微生物暨免疫學研究所
88
A distinct subpopulation of T cells bearing neither CD4 nor CD8 molecule (CD4-CD8-, double-negative, DN) have been identified in the lung of mice. Using flow cytometry analysis, we found that these CD4-CD8- T cells significantly increased in the lungs of a dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f)-induced airway inflammation model after challenge. The lung CD4-CD8- T cells were further purified using the following procedure: enzymatic digestion of the lung tissue, Percoll gradient centrifugation, complement-mediated cell depletion, and immunomagnetic bead selection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that both TCR DN T cells and TCR DN T cells expressed the mRNA of IL-10, TGF-1, -IFN and Fas and Fas L. We believe that the DN T cells may involve in the process of the Der f-induced allergic airway inflammation.
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TSAI, YU-LIN, and 蔡育霖. "Zn Sulfate improve unbalance T cell subtypes of House dust mite-allergic asthmatic patients---ex vivo study." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35khyj.
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碩士弘光科技大學
營養醫學研究所
104
Asthma is the common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. In the pathogenesis of asthma, the imbalance of helper T (Th) 1/Th2 and Th17/ regulatory T cell cells are believed to establish the asthmatic inflammatory response. Nutritional intervention is an important tool to decrease the severity of asthmatic disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the beneficial role of zinc supplementation to affect T cells profiles and cytokines production. 36 house dust mite (HDM) allergic asthmatic patients and 31 healthy subjects were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from two groups. The recombinant D. pteronyssinus (Der P) antigen with or without zinc sulfate (25μM or 50μM) stimulated PBMCs for 48 hours. The cells surface markers and intracellular cytokine markers of T cells were measured by flow cytometer. The inflammatory factors in plasma and culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Zinc sulfate (25μM or 50μM) reduced the levels of Th2 and Th17 cells, but increased the levels of Th1 and Treg cells. Zinc sulfate also reduced levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-17, but increased the levels of IFN-γ. In this study, we found the beneficial effects of zinc on allergic airway inflammation. The zinc sulfate improved unbalanced T cells profiles and might be a potential therapeutic for airway inflammation.
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Pei-ChiChen and 陳佩琪. "Water soluble chitosan inhibits nerve growth factor in murine model of house dust mite induced allergic rhinitis." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93145337664130719056.
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碩士國立成功大學
微生物及免疫學研究所
102
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease with symptom of nasal airway hyperresponsiveness and mucosal inflammation mediated by IgE-associated processes. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a neurotrophin, has been shown to play an important role in neuroimmune responses by augmenting an existing type 2 T helper cell (TH2) immune response. Since chitin exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the development of allergic TH2 response, we aimed to assess the effect of the soluble derivatives of chitin—water soluble chitosan (WSC) on the NGF in a mouse model of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-induced AR. First, we established an NGF-mediated AR toward augmenting systemic total and Der p-specific IgE levels, upper airway hyperresponsiveness, and local TH2 related immune response including the infiltration of eosinophils and degranulation of mast cells as well as TH2 related cytokines production in the nasal septum and nasal cavity lavage fluids. Interestingly, intranasal administration of WSC reduced allergic inflammation and improved the upper airway hyperresponsiveness. The expression of NGF and its related low affinity p75 neurotrophin receptors (p75NTR) as well as high affinity tyrosine kinase receptor A (TrkA) recptors in nasal epithelium of Der p-stimulated mice also repressed. Next, we used human nasal septum epithelial cell line (RPMI-2650) to investigate the detail mechanisms of candidate anti-allergic agents—WSC in attenuating Der p-induced airway inflammation. The results showed that NGF and TH2 related cytokines create an amplification loop resulting in broader allergic inflammation in upper-airway epithelial cells. In addition, WSC attenuated allergic inflammation and the epithelial cells damage through inhibiting NGF biosynthesis during allergic TH2 immune responses. In summary, we have demonstrated the role of NGF in a mouse model of house dust mite-induced AR, and the therapeutic effect of WSC in our AR mouse model, may through the attenuation NGF-induced airway inflammation as well as the inhibition of NGF synthesis. Our finding provides a new therapeutic modality of patients suffered with AR in clinical condition.
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Huang, Huey-Jy, and 黃惠芝. "The Effect of House Dust Mite Allergen on the Differentiation and Function of Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18896059263592676086.
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碩士國立成功大學
微生物暨免疫學研究所
96
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in determining the outcome of allergen encounter and integrating signals derived from the antigen into a signal that can be read by naïve T cells in the lymphoid tissues and by effector T cells in peripheral tissues. Airway DCs play important roles not only in the sensitization to inhaled allergens but also in the maintenance of eosinophilic airway inflammation by inducing Th2 responses in the draining nodes and controlling the recruitment and activation of Th2 effector cells within sites of inflammation. But the detail event in the determination of DCs differentiation and function when contact with allergen is not clear. Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) is one of the important C-type lectins of dendritic cells which interacts with a large array of pathogens. Previously, we have found DC-SIGN could also bind allergen- Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p). In this study, we hypothesize that Der p allergen may interfere in the development of monocyte-derived immature DCs (MDDCs) and induce Th2 type of immune response in the maturation stage of DCs via interaction with DC-SIGN. To obtain MDDCs, PBMCs collected from Der p-sensitized individuals and non-atopic controls were subjected to 7-day incubated period in the presence of GM-CSF, IL-4, and with or without Der p allergen stimulation. After incubation, Der p-incubated MDDCs (Der p-MDDCs) were lower in the percentage of CD14-CD1a+ DCs, which suggested Der p effect DCs differentiation, but the expression of HLA-DR, CD80, CD86 as well as the other C-type lectin, MMR (macrophage mannose receptor) were the same as those in MDDCs without Der p incubation (medium-MDDCs). However, we found the cell surface expression level of DC-SIGN was significantly reduced in medium-MDDCs obtained from atopic patients as compared to those in non-atopic controls and MDDCs differentiation in the presence of Der p. The phagocytosis ability was higher in Der p-MDDCs than medium-MDDCs, and also in atopic patients than non-atopic controls. When immature MDDCs were stimulated with LPS to obtained matured DCs, there was decrease IL-12p40 and increase IL-10 cytokine productions from LPS-stimulated mature DCs combined with Der p or anti-DC-SIGN antibody. Autologus CD4+ T lymphocytes were co-cultured with immature MDDCs which were stimulated with LPS combined Der p, mannan or anti-DC-SIGN antibody produced more GATA-3 (Th2 transcription factor) than LPS alone. From confocal microscope examination we found the DC-SIGN and FITC labeled-Der p were colocalized in the MDDCs. These results suggested that Der p reacted DC-SIGN (CD209) of immature DCs may prone these cells to elicit Th2 immune response.
41
Kao, Chih-Kuo, and 高智國. "Study of the inhibition of extracellular protease activity in production of house dust mite allergen by Pichia pastoris." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63csmh.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
微生物與生化學研究所
98
For reducing extracellular protease degradation of Pichia pastoris when producing recombinant allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus used for allergen-specific immunotherapy of oral tolerance, we transformed the constructed vector pPICZαA containing Der p 1＊-Linker- Der p 2 gene into the protease-deficient strain, SMD1168, via electroporation in this study. We selected a transformant which present the highest productivity for further research by using a sandwich ELISA specific to Der p 2. We compared the productivity in Hinton’s flasks between SMD1168 and X-33 in different mediums of BSM and BMGY with addition of protease inhibitors,1 mM PMSF or 1 mM EDTA, or 1% protease substrate casamino acid. 1 mM PMSF could reduce 22% of total protease activity according to protease activity assay and it was found that a protein with correct molecular weight on the result of Western blot specific to Der p 2. For these experiments mentioned above, we concluded that addition of protease inhibitor, PMSF, and protease substrate, casamino acid, could reduce proteolytic degradation and the protein with correct molecular weight could be detected. When cultured in Bioflo 110 bioreactor using BSM with 1% casamino acid and added 0.1 mM PMSF every day after methanol induction, the wet biomass achieved to 241.2 mg/mL and fusion allergen was 54.47 μg/mL at 49th hr. The next, we can deliver a vector containing his gene and increase PMSF addition times to maintain the amount of recombinant protein.
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Liu, Hsu-Chung, and 劉旭崇. "The investigation of oral ingestion of recombinant house dust mite allergens as an immunotherapy modality of allergic asthma." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60534468203855892560.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
103
Allergic asthma, a chronic airway disease, is characterized by allergen-specific and Th2 cell-mediated airway inflammation. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) has been considered as a potential therapy for allergic asthma. However, the clinical application of ASIT has limitation today due to its efficacy and adverse reactions. House dust mite (HDM) is a common allergen to trigger asthma symptoms. The review of literatures demonstrated that HDM allergy is also a risk factor associated with disease development of allergic asthma. Both clinical trials and experimental studies of allergic asthma revealed that HDM-specific immunotherapy has not only therapeutic efficacy but also preventive potential for disease development. To make HDM-specific immunotherapy more practicable in clinic, further advances in the development of ASIT are still needed. The predominant species of dust mite in Taiwan is Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Derp), and isolated group 2 and group 5 allergen (Derp2 and Derp5) are important allergen to allergic asthma. Sublingual administration of HDM extracts has been demonstrated its effect on children’s allergic asthma. But little is known about the effect of oral ingestion with HDM allergen. Recent advance in biotechnology make the large-scale production of recombinant pharmaceutical protein conveniently. The establishment of a steady source of functional recombinant HDM allergen could be beneficial for further studies of HDM-specific immunotherapy on allergic asthma. In this study, we aimed to develop a bioreactor platform to produce recombinant HDM conveniently. Furthermore, the oral ingestion of recombinant HDM was used to treat allergic asthma and be a new modality of ASIT with high efficiency and convenience. In first experiement, we tried to express recombinant Derp5 in the milk of transgenic mice. Two transgenes were constructed separately. The αLA-Derp5f transgene consisted of the bovine α-lactoalbumin (αLA) promoter and full-length Derp5 cDNA. The αLA-CN-Derp5t transgene included the αLA promoter, a leader sequence of αS1-casein (CN), and signal peptide-truncated Derp5 cDNA. After pronuclear microinjection, both species of transgenic mice were confirmed to have successful transgene integration and stable germ-line transmission. Western-blot analysis of the milk obtained from the offspring of transgenic mice demonstrated that recombinant Derp5 was secreted successfully in the milk of αLA-CN-Derp5t transgenic mice but not in that of αLA-Derp5f transgenic mice. This finding demonstrated that transgenic mice can secrete recombinant Derp5 efficiently in milk by adding a signal peptide of αS1-casein. In addition, oral ingestion of recombinant Derp5 milk was demonstrated to have antigenic activity and a protective effect against allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma. In second experiment, we further produced the transgenic mice expressing recombinant Derp2 in their milk by the same αLA-CN vector and microinjection methods. Analysis of milk from the offspring of transgenic mice revealed that recombinant Derp2 could be successfully expressed. To characterize the tissue-specific expression of Derp2 mRNA transcripts, total tissue RNAs were extracted from different organs of transgenic lactating female mice. This result showed that Derp2 allergen only expressed in the lactating mammary gland and no any leaky expression in other tissues. Subsequently, the pre-treatment of Derp2-containing milk ingestion on mice could protect mice from allergen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. Both studies of transgenic mice has proved the oral ingestion of recombinant HDM-containing milk could have preventive effect on disease development of allergic asthma. In third experiment, we use commercial HDM extracts to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of oral ASIT on murine model of allergic asthma. The aim of this study is to investigate an oral ASIT with high therapeutic efficiency for allergic asthma. Lactoferrin has also been demonstrated to have immunomodulatory effect on adaptive immune response. We will compare the immunomodulatory efficiency of different oral regimens with HDM extracts, lactoferrin and combination of both. The underlying mechanisms of these oral immunotherapy will be investigated. In conclusion, the transgenic mice expressing recombinant HDM allergen in their milk was successfully generated. The oral ingestion of recombinant HDM allergen-containing milk have preventive effect of allergic asthma on murine model. The oral ingestion of HDM extracts could be proved to have therapeutic efficacy on murine model of allergic asthma. Our study of HDM allergen ingestion may pave the way for developing a new modality of ASIT on allergic asthma in real life.
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Salehi, Sepehr. "The Role of Syk in Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Remodeling in House Dust Mite Induced Murine Models of Allergic Airways Inflammation." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42908.
Full textAbstract:
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) plays a critical role in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. This thesis investigated the role of Syk in the development of the asthma phenotype in acute and chronic mouse models of allergic airways inflammation.
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine and inflammation increased significantly in HDM-induced compared with the saline control mice. We demonstrated that in vivo inhibition of Syk by selective Syk inhibitors, and genetic deletion of Syk using conditional Syk knockout mice attenuated AHR despite of inflammatory cell influx in the lung. Histological analysis showed airway remodeling in the chronic model, which was attenuated to some degree by deletion of Syk.
This study identified a role of Syk in airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling without significantly affecting leukocyte recruitment in HDM model of airways disease. My results support the improvement of therapeutic strategies in asthma by targeting the Syk pathway.
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Shao-Chun and 曾邵群. "Studying House dust mite allergen Der P 2 induced proliferation and collagen overexpression of human lung fibroblast MRC-5." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89yfxu.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
100
Der p 2 (DP2), a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 2 allergen, is well-known to cause airway hypersensitivity and highly associates with induction and progression of asthma. Previous studies have shown that DP2 activates several mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, which is also known to mediate muscarinic receptor-induced human lung fibroblast proliferation. Airway fibroblast proliferation and the consequent fibrosis is an important pathological characteristic of chronic inflammatory and obstructive airway diseases such as asthma, COPD and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - IPF. However, whether DP2 induces proliferation of airway fibroblast and the underlying mechanisms remain sketchy. The present study demonstrated that DP2 increased expression of type I-collagen, fibronectin and alpha-SMA in both mRNA and protein level. In parallel, kinase activation assay revealed that that DP2 enhanced phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT, MAPKs including mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) and p38 MAPK (p38).The levels of nuclear β-catenin were increased after treatment by DP2.β-catenin also contributed to DP2-induced type I-collagen, fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). Further, DP2 treatment induced significant proliferation of human lung fibroblast MRC-5 by using MTT assay.Taken together, our findings indicate that DP2 induces proliferation and collagen overexpression of airway fibroblast MRC-5 which may attribute to activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway and provide a possible mechanism for allergen-induced airway fibrosis.
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"Immunomodulatory effect of CUF2 and kuan dong hua in a rat model of house dust mite-induced allergic asthma." 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893446.
Full textAbstract:
Ng, Chor Fung.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-144).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT (ENGLISH VERSION) --- p.i
ABSTRACT (CHINESE VERSION) --- p.iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.viii
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES --- p.xii
ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xiv
Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Definition of asthma --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Asthma epidemiology --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Pathogenesis of Asthma --- p.3
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Gene-environment interaction --- p.3
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Allergens and atopic sensitization --- p.4
Chapter 1.3.3 --- Other environmental factors --- p.5
Chapter 1.4 --- House dust mite (HDM) --- p.5
Chapter 1.4.1 --- Characteristics of HDM allergens --- p.5
Chapter 1.4.2 --- HDM and asthma --- p.6
Chapter 1.5 --- Pathophysiology of asthma --- p.8
Chapter 1.5.1 --- Airway inflammation --- p.8
Chapter 1.5.1.1 --- Cellular mechanism --- p.8
Chapter 1.5.1.2 --- Characteristics of chronic inflammation --- p.9
Chapter 1.5.1.3 --- Inflammatory cells in airway inflammation --- p.10
Chapter 1.5.1.3.1 --- Mast cell --- p.10
Chapter 1.5.1.3.2 --- Macrophages --- p.11
Chapter 1.5.1.3.3 --- T lymphocytes --- p.12
Chapter 1.5.1.3.4 --- Eosinophils --- p.12
Chapter 1.5.1.3.5 --- Epithelial cells --- p.13
Chapter 1.5.1.4 --- Cytokines in asthma --- p.14
Chapter 1.5.1.4.1 --- Inflammatory cytokines --- p.14
Chapter 1.5.1.4.1.1 --- Interleukin-4 --- p.14
Chapter 1.5.1.4.1.2 --- Interleukin-5 --- p.14
Chapter 1 5.1.4.1.3 --- Interleukin-6 --- p.15
Chapter 1.5.1.4.1.4 --- Granulocyte Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) --- p.15
Chapter 1.5.1.4.1.5 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) --- p.16
Chapter 1.5.1.4.2 --- Anti-inflammatory cytokines --- p.17
Chapter 1.5.1.4.2.1 --- Interleukin-10 --- p.17
Chapter 1.5.1.4.2.2 --- Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) --- p.17
Chapter 1.5.2 --- Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) --- p.18
Chapter 1.5.3 --- A irway remodeling --- p.19
Chapter 1.6 --- Asthma therapy --- p.21
Chapter 1.6.1 --- β2-agonists --- p.21
Chapter 1.6.2 --- Cromolyn and nedocromil --- p.21
Chapter 1.6.3 --- Theophylline --- p.22
Chapter 1.6.4 --- Leukotriene modifiers --- p.22
Chapter 1.6.5 --- Corticosteroids --- p.23
Chapter 1.7 --- Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.24
Chapter 1.7.1 --- Introduction --- p.24
Chapter 1.7.2 --- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) --- p.24
Chapter 1.7.3 --- "Chinese herbal formula, CU Formula 2 (CUF2) and Kuan Dong Hua" --- p.26
Chapter 1.8 --- Objectives of our studies --- p.28
Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- ESTABLISHMENT OF A HDM-INDUCED ASTHMATIC ANIMAL MODEL IN SD RATS --- p.32
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.32
Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.33
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Buffers and solutions --- p.33
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Animals --- p.33
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Preparation of aluminum hydroxide gel --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.4 --- HDMAllergen --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Sensitization Procedure --- p.35
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Intratracheal instillation challenge --- p.35
Chapter 2.2.7 --- Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and BAL Cell counting --- p.36
Chapter 2.2.8 --- Lung Histopathological Analysis --- p.37
Chapter 2.2.9 --- Measurement of cytokine and chemokine by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) --- p.39
Chapter 2.2.10 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.40
Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.41
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Cellular Analysis of BALF --- p.41
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Histopathology --- p.42
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Cytokine and chemokine --- p.43
Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.44
Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF CUF2 AND KUAN DONG HUA IN A RAT MODEL OF HDM-INDUCED ASTHMA --- p.65
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.65
Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.67
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Herbal materials and extraction method --- p.67
Chapter 3.2.2 --- "Antigen sensitization, challenge, and treatment" --- p.68
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Bronchoalveolar lavage and cell differential counts --- p.69
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Histological Studies --- p.69
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Measurement of BALF cytokines and chemokines --- p.70
Chapter 3.2.6 --- "Body weight, thymus index and spleen index" --- p.70
Chapter 3.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.70
Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.71
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Effect of herbs and DXA on total cells and eosinophils in BALF --- p.71
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Effect of herb and DXA on lung histology --- p.72
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effect of herbs and DXA on cytokine and chemokine level in BALF --- p.73
Chapter 3.3.4 --- "Effect of herb and DXA on body weight, thymus index and spleen index" --- p.75
Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.77
Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF KUAN DONG HUA ON HUMAN MAST CELLS (HMC-1) --- p.109
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.109
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.110
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Reagents --- p.110
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Cell line and Cell Culture --- p.111
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Herb and extraction procedure --- p.111
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Cell Viability Assay --- p.112
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Assay of cytokine secretion --- p.113
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Quantitative Analysis of cytokines --- p.113
Chapter 4.2.7 --- Bacterial endotoxin contamination --- p.114
Chapter 4.2.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.115
Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.116
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Effect of Kuan Dong Hua on cell viability of HMC-I --- p.116
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Effect of Kuan Dong Hua on cytokine release from HMC-I --- p.116
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Effect of endotoxin contamination in the extract --- p.117
Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.118
Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- GENERAL CONCLUSION --- p.125
Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusion --- p.125
Chapter 5.2 --- Limitations of this study and Future work --- p.128
REFERENCES --- p.130
APPENDICES --- p.145
Appendix A. Wright-Giemsa Stain for cytospin preparations --- p.145
Appendix B. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining --- p.145
Appendix C. Congo Red staining --- p.146
Appendix D. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining --- p.146
46
Jian, Chien-Huei, and 簡芊卉. "The Effects of Oral Delivery of Recombinant House Dust Mite Allergen on Airway Inflammation in Murine Model of Asthma." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59835635806984255000.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
口腔生物科學研究所
97
Asthma is one of the most common allergic diseases in children; in addition, about 80% of asthmatic patients in Taiwan are sensitized by house dust mite -- D. pteronyssinus. The characteristics of asthma such as AHR, eosinophils infiltration, antigen-specific T helper 2 cells activation, increased mucus secretion and even airway remodeling. Antigens-specific immune tolerance by prior oral administration of antigens might be a therapeutic strategy for allergic asthma. Therefore, we aimed to apply oral administration of rDp2 to decrease the airway inflammation induced by D. pteronyssinus. The female BALB/c mice were used and given with crude mite extract of D. pteronyssinus as the allergic asthma. In present study, we sensitized mice with peritoneal injection, and then challenged with intratracheal injection of crude mite extract. The results showed that peritoneal injection with high-dose could induce the clinical features of asthma significantly, including elevated mite-specific IgE in serum, production of Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13) of splenocytes, and crude mite-specific lymphoproliferation. Furthermore, oral delivery of rDp2 or crude mite extract 0.2 or 1.0 mg/day for consecutive 7 days at the beginning of sensitization showed some beneficial effects on airway inflammation. Oral feeding 1.0 mg/day of rDp2 reduced AHR and slightly decreased the airway inflammation induced by crude mite extract. In conclusion, we suggest that oral delivery of high dose of single recombinant allergen seems to be more benefit on airway inflammation induced by the complex crude mite extract, and the feeding dose and feeding period need further investigation.
47
Yu-ChouDai and 戴于喬. "Proteomic, immunologic, and genetic studies in the mechanisms of surfactant protein (SP)-D and house dust mite-induced allergic asthma." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26947576910205299933.
Full text
48
Chen, Yu-Ju, and 陳玉如. "The Immunomodulation of Healthy and House Dust Mite Allergic Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (hPBMCs) by Lactic Acid Bacteria in Vitro." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02902263375099668125.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
98
The purpose of this study is to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of lactic acid bacteria on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with dust mite allergy. Four lactic acid bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium adolescentis DB-2458, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis GB-1496, Bifidobacterium longum HB-762, and Lactobacillus reuteri GL-44 were used in this study . WST-1 assay was used for cell viability analysis. When the samples were cocultured with lactic acid bacteria, (1) IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-5, and IL-13 cytokines were used to evaluate the regulation on Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, (2) IL-6 and TNF-α were used to monitor the flammatory response and (3) IL-10 and TGF-β1 were used to monitor the anti-inflammatory response. The results showed that lactic acid bacteria and Der p did not affect the cell viability. Four lactic acid bacteria could significantly stimulate hPBMCs to secreted higher-levels Th1 cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12p70 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. After incubation with B.adolescentis DB-2458, B.longum subsp. infantis GB-1496, B. longum HB-762 were inhibited the hPBMCs secretion of Th2 cytokines IL-5, IL-13 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α. In conclusion lactic acid bacteria in the presence of Der p can improve the balance of Th1/Th2, regulate the immune response and modulde allergic reactions through the reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α.
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Yu, Sheng-Jie, and 游勝傑. "The stimulation of inflammasome activation and modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production by house dust mite major allergen in patients with SLE." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91221554577523767679.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生物醫學研究所
103
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, remitting and relapsing multisystem autoimmune disease. The major clinical manifestations are rash, arthritis, glomerulonephritis, anemia, and central nerve disorders. Many different autoantibodies which can against autoantigens are found in patients with SLE. Many SLE patients also have allergies. The allergens and immunological events triggering the onset and progression of the clinical manifestations of SLE have yet to be clarified. The most prevalent and well-investigated indoor allergen source is house dust mites (HDM). HDM is highly prevalent in Taiwan, where the climate is subtropical. More than 80% of asthmatic patients are allergic to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) as determined by skin test and specific IgE measurement. HDM major allergen, Der p 2, can induce proinflammatory cytokine production which contributes to airway inflammation and allergic asthma. The correlation between HDM major allergen and SLE and the mechanism of Der p 2 on NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unclear. Despite improvements in anti-allergy medication, the prevalence of allergic airway inflammation remains high, affecting up to 40% of the population worldwide. Allergen immunotherapy is effective for inducing tolerance but has the adverse effect of severe allergic reaction. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of newly discovered cell penetration peptides derived from human eosinophil cationic proteins (CPPecp) and urea-denatured Der p crude extract (DN-Dp) on HDM induced inflammatory responses. The aims of this study are to elucidate the effects of HDM major allergen on B lymphocytes derived from SLE with HDM allergy patients and to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of CPPecp and DN-Dp on inhibition of Der p 2 induced inflammasome activation. A total of three autoantigens, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK-1), triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) and enolase were identified by autologous serum in B cell lysate derived from HDM allergic SLE patients after group 2 mite major allergen (Der p 2) stimulation. Autoantigen, TRIM-21 expression were also significantly increased in B cells derived from HDM allergic SLE patients. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from SLE patients, the concentration of anti-PGK-1 was significantly upregulated after Der p 2 stimulation compared to HDM allergic without SLE patients and healthy subjects. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines include IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL5 could be upregulated after Der p 2 stimulation in PBMCs derived from HDM allergic SLE patients. Furthermore, we showed that proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly upregulated in PBMCs derived from HDM allergic patients and SLE patients after Der p 2 stimulation. Expression of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and Caspase-1 activity was upregulated in THP-1 cells after Der p 2 stimulation. Proinflammatory cytokine production, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and caspase-1 activity were downregulated in THP-1 cells and CD14+ cells co-cultured with Der p 2 and CPPecp. The immunomodulatory effect of CPPecp was through upregulation of IFN-α production but not induction of autophagy. In animal model, we demonstrated that the serum level of allergen-specific IgE in mice sensitized with native Der p crude extract after receiving local nasal immunotherapy (LNIT) with DN-Dp was significantly decreased compared to that in the normal saline (NS) treatment group. Expressions of IL-4 were significantly reduced in lung tissues after treatment. Inflammation around the bronchial epithelium improved and airway hypersensitivity was down-regulated. LNIT with DN-Dp can down-regulate IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression and then decrease Der p-induced allergic airway inflammation. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that long-term allergen exposure could be a contributing factor in the development of SLE and Der p 2 plays an important role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. CPPecp and DN-Dp have the potential to be novel anti-inflammatory agents for allergen induced inflammation in the future.
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Hu, Chung-Yi, and 胡忠怡. "Investigating the allergic immune response toward house dust mite (HDM) and factors associated with the clinical manifestations of HDM-sensitive asthma." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74073117785997313071.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣大學
微生物學研究所
91
Allergic diseases such as allergic asthma (AS), allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD) affect about 30% of people in northern Taiwan. The prevalence of asthma has rised from 5.8% to 10.2% during the past decade. House dust mite (HDM, Dermatophagides pteronyssinus, Dp) is the most important source of allergens. Der p1 and Der p2 are the major HDM allergens and there are more than 80% of sera from asthmatic children showed Der p1 and Der p2-specific IgE antibodies. It has been demonstrated that Der p2 specific IgE and the Th2 type cytokines produced during T cell immune response is important in the development of allergic bronchial asthma. The first part of the thesis intended to investigate the possible genetic factor(s) that might affect individual’s allergic immune response toward the HDM allergens through a population study. Although HDM allergens are present in the environment, only certain persons with atopy develop allergic diseases. There is familial aggregation of allergic diseases. Twin studies also showed that the concordance rate of asthma is higher in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins. The previous reports suggested certain genetic factors might predispose an individual to allergy. A possible candidate for controlling specific IgE responsiveness toward HDM allergens is the class II human leukocyte antigens (HLA IIs), which shows extensive polymorphism and is implicated in processing and presentation of endocytic peptides to allergen-specific Th cells. For exploring the possible association between HLA IIs and HDM asthma, we recruited 248 unrelated individuals in this population study. The Der p1, Der p2 and Der p5-specific IgE and IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA. Genetic polymorphisms in HLA class II -DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 and DPB1 loci were assessed by PCR and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridzation (SSOPH). The results indicated that there was no significant association between HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 alleles and HDM-specific IgE responsiveness noted except that the DQA1*0103 allele showed positive association with Der p5-specific IgE responsiveness. The HLA-DPB1*0501 and *1301 was weakly associated with the IgE responsiveness to HDM Der p1 and Der p5. There was a strong negative association between HLA-DPB1*0201 allele and IgE responsiveness to Der p1, Der p2 and Der p5 (Odd’s ratio/Pc were 0.3/0.001, 0.46/0.056, 0.35/0.01 respectively). As all the subjects showed positive HDM allergen-specific IgG antibodies irrespective of the presence of allergen-specific IgE, the HLA-DPB1 alleles were associated with HDM allergens-specific IgE but not IgG responsiveness. It is interesting to note that a single HLA-DPB1 allele was found to be associated with IgE responsiveness toward three HDM allergens of completely different biochemical characteristics, indicating that HLA-DP antigens might serve as restriction elements in allergen priming process and to determine the dichotomy of HDM allergen-specific Th response. In addition, it is possible that other genetic loci closely linked to HLA-DPB1 might predispose subjects to IgE-responsiveness toward HDM allergens. The HLA-DMB gene, which is involved in peptide loading in MHC II and antigen presentation, is located between HLA-DPB1 and HLA-DOB loci. Polymorphism of HLA-DMB gene was analyzed by PCR/SSOPH and correlated to IgE responsiveness toward HDM allergens. There was no association between HLA-DMB alleles and HDM allergen-specific IgE responsiveness noted. It suggested that there might be other genetic loci that determine the IgE responsiveness to HDM and that should be positioned centromeric to HLA-DPB1 gene. The second part of the thesis investigated the immunological parameters associated with the clinical manifestation of asthma. Although allergen-specific Th2 cells, the Th2 cytokines, and allergen-specific IgE are important in the pathogenesis of the development of asthma. Some of the asthmatic children grow out of the disease after adolescence. The immunological basis underlying the improvement of asthmatic clinical manifestation remained undefined. For investigation of the possible factors contribute to the improvement of clinical manifestation of asthma, we recruited 49 adult subjects with history of HDM-sensitive asthma and studied their T cell response to Der p2. Among these subjects, Twenty three (46.9%) had improved clinical manifestation (group AS/N) with no asthmatic attack for at least 24 months, whereas 26 (53.1%) of them had recurrent asthmatic attacks (group AS/Y) and had at least one asthmatic attack within 12 months. The level of sera Der p2-specific IgE and IgG antibodies did not show correlation with the clinical manifestation. To investigate the Der p2-specific Th cytokines IFNγ/IL4 production, PBMCs were collected and stimulated with rDer p2 or rDer p2 plus PMA/Ionomycin and subjected to intracellular cytokine staining. It revealed that the proportion of IFNγor IL4-producing PBLs in response to Der p2 stimulation did not differ between asthmatic subjects with different clinical manifestation. Studies in this thesis indicated that polymorphisms in certain HLA-class II genes did affect the outcome of Th dichotomy and the immune response toward HDM allergens. However, to investigate the role that allergen-specific IgE/IgG and Th cytokines played in the progression of the adulthood mite-sensitive asthma, we were not able to find serum allergen-specific IgE/IgG and Th cytokines produced by peripheral blood lymphocytes correlated to clinical manifestations of asthma. As the serum antibody as well as the cytokines produced in PBLs might not reflect the actual status within the inflammatory airway. It indicated that investigation in other cell types, cytokines, or chemokines involved in the airway inflammation in allergic asthma would be the future trend of research.