Journal articles: 'Dump and open burning'

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Gullett, Brian K., Barbara Wyrzykowska, Emanuela Grandesso, Abderrahmane Touati, Dennis G. Tabor, and Gustavo Solórzano Ochoa. "PCDD/F, PBDD/F, and PBDE Emissions from Open Burning of a Residential Waste Dump." Environmental Science & Technology 44, no. 1 (January 2010): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902676w.

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Nazarkina, Alina V., O. D. Arefieva, A. M. Derbentseva, Anna M. Zabolotnaya, Nikolay M. Kostenkov, Peter F. Brovko, and Liudmila T. Krupskaya. "The Chemical Composition of Natural Waters and Water Extracts of the Soils of the Industrial Area of Coal-Burning Power Station “Partizanskaya”." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2091–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2091.

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Power stations provide a huge influence on the environment. This influence can be diverse and integrated: (1) land avulsion, (2) dusting from the open storage spaces of fuel, ash and slags, (3) huge amounts of ash-slug wastes containing toxic metals. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of ash-slug wastes of the coal-burning power station Partizanskaya on the ecological state of soils and water bodies. The waters of the Lozoviy Stream are polluted mostly with the residual iodine, bromine, silicium compounds and sulphides. Ash-slags of the coal-burning power station Partizanskaya can be an environmental hazard. The obtained information about the properties of the abiotic components of the industrial area of the coal-burning power station Partizanskayaash-slags, soils and water bodiesare the first step in studying the environmental situation in this area. One of the possible solutions aimed to improve the environmental situation in the industrial area of the coal-burning power station Partizanskaya is recultivation of the ash dump and development of the technologies for the usage of the ash in the household economy.

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Nazarkina, A. V., O. D. Arefieva, A. M. Derbentseva, and V. G. Tregubova. "Transformation of the Physical Properties of the Soils of the Industrial Area of Coal-Burning Power Station “Partizanskaya”." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4854.

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Power stations provide a huge influence on the environment. This influence can be diverse and integrated: (1) land avulsion, (2) dusting from the open storage spaces of fuel, ash and slags, (3) huge amounts of ash-slug wastes containing toxic metals. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of ash-slug wastes of the coal-burning power station (CBPS) Partizanskaya on the ecological state of soils. Transformation of the physical properties of the soils appears in the increasing fraction of coarse grain size, reducing of the sludge content in the soils, which lowers the surface area of the soils and their sorption properties. Ash particles input to the surface of soil leads to the decrease in their antierosion properties. Water capacity properties of the soils are reduced and with the moisture up to 50% soils can flow. The obtained information about the properties of the abiotic components of the industrial area of the CBPS Partizanskayaash-slags, soils are the first step in studying the environmental situation in this area. One of the possible solutions aimed to improve the environmental situation in the industrial area of the CBPS Partizanskaya is recultivation of the ash dump and development of the technologies for the usage of the ash in the household economy.

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Swiss, James J., Donald J. Smrke, and William M. Pistruzak. "UNIQUE DISPOSAL TECHNIQUES FOR ARCTIC OIL SPILL RESPONSE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1985, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1985-1-395.

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ABSTRACT Disposing of oil and oiled debris from Arctic oil spills presents problems not encountered in temperate regions. The remoteness of potential spill sites, the wide range of environmental conditions, the lack of support facilities like roads and dump sites, and the presence of permafrost make it impossible to use many standard disposal techniques used in the south. To solve this problem, Dome Petroleum Limited, has developed a number of unique techniques for disposing of oil and oiled debris in Arctic spill responses. These techniques include (1) a method for using air-deployable igniters to burn pooled oil, (2) an air-transportable burner that can be flown to remote sites to burn recovered liquid oil with water contents up to 80 percent, (3) a helicopter-transportable incinerator for burning oil-contaminated debris at remote sites, in which forced air cooling replaces refractory material as fire box protection, and (4) a fireproof boom, for offshore open water, that can collect and burn oil in one step. All of these techniques were developed to address specific disposal problems in the Arctic. They now form part of the industry's Beaufort Sea oil spill response arsenal.

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Amber, Ityona, Daniel M. Kulla, and Nicholas Gukop. "Generation, characteristics and energy potential of solid municipal waste in Nigeria." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 23, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2012/v23i3a3172.

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The generation, characteristics and energy potential of municipal solid waste for power generation in Nigeria is presented in this paper. Nigeria generates 0.44-0.66 kg/capita/day of MSW with a waste density of 200-400 kg/m3 leading to large volumes of poorly managed waste. The direct burning of these wastes as a waste management option in the open air at elevated temperatures liberates heat energy, inert gases and ash which can be conveniently used for power generation and other applications. The net energy yield depends upon the density and composition of the waste; relative percentage of moisture and inert materials, size and shape of the constituents and design of the combustion system. MSW samples used in this study were obtained randomly from different dump sites in selected state capitals, at least one from each of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria based on the spot sampling method of Corbit. An average calorific value of 17.23 MJ/kg with variable high water content of 20-49% was determined for MSW using a bomb calorimeter and on the basis of an incineration plant of capacity 1500 ton of MSW/day, 700kW/day of power can be generated.

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Noskevich, V. V., N. V. Fedorova, and A. M. Yuminov. "Topography and reconstruction of historical mines of the Kagarlinsk mining-metallurgical center (Bronze Age)." Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal 43, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v43i2.230192.

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Kagarlinsk copper deposits have been worked out since IV millennium BC and till the end of II millennium BC in the steppes of the South Urals and a huge amount of copper have been recovered from their ores in the Bronze Age. Geophysical studies have been conducted in the south periphery of the Kagarlinsk ore field not far from Belousovka village at the mining-processing complex with the length of 900—1000 m and 30—70 m size across. Something like a hundred of small open-cut mines from 3 to 12 m in diameter are fixed in this area with near side mine dumps, sites for assortment of extracted ore adjoined at stove pits 3—5 m in diameter for burning up lump ores. Thorough topographic, gradient magnetic and geo-radar surveys have been fulfilled in areas where typical objects: open-cut mine, a pit for pilot burning up ores, slime sites and ore store are situated. As a result new data have been obtained on the structure of ancient outputs and associated technological facilities. Numerous magnetic anomalies revealed near the open-cut mine and a pit testify that copper ore encloses sufficient amount of iron and pilot assortment of the burned up ore took place near the pits. According to the results of geo-radar survey special features of pit-stove have been reconstructed and 3D model of the ancient open-cut mine built. A pit for burning up ore was cone-shaped with steps for comfort of loading and unloading ore. Its bottom diameter was 5m, the principal mine was 1—1.5 m in diameter and depth rough 3 m, the volume of the pit did not exceed 13—15 m3. Transversal size of a mine was 7—9 m and the depth was up to 4 m. The open-cut mine had steep sides from the north, east and south and in the west the relief was mildly sloping. The entrance to the open-cut mine was from the west. Initial depth of the open-cut mine differed from the present day surface by 2—3 m. According to our appraisal the amount of extracted ore in this mine was 25—30 tons. Taking into account the overall number of mines some 2—2.5 thousand tons of bulk ore were extracted during operation of Belousovka mining-metallurgical complex.

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Squire, Jeffrey N. T. "Biomedical Pollutants in the Urban Environment and Implications for Public Health: A Case Study." ISRN Public Health 2013 (May 7, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/497490.

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This study investigated the management of biomedical pollutants in the Accra Metropolitan Area in Ghana, using a qualitative case study approach involving interviews, focus-group discussions, and observation techniques. A state of precariousness was found to characterize the management of biomedical pollutants in the study area, culminating in the magnification of risks to the environment and public health. There is neither a single sanitary landfill nor a properly functioning incineration system in the entire metropolis, and most of the healthcare facilities surveyed lack access to suitable treatment technologies. As a result, crude burning and indiscriminate dumping of infectious and toxic biomedical residues were found to be widespread. The crude burning of toxic biomedical pollutants was found to provide environmental pathways for carcinogenic substances. These include polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hydrogen, lead, mercury, cadmium, chlorobenzenes, particulate matter, and chlorophenols. The improper disposal of biomedical pollutants in open dumps and unsanitary landfills also carries a risk of providing environmental entry points for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), inorganic macrocomponents, heavy metals, and xenobiotic organic compounds.

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Simpson, Isobel J., Barbara Barletta, Simone Meinardi, Omar Siraj Aburizaiza, Peter F. DeCarlo, Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh, Haider Khwaja, et al. "CFC-11 measurements in China, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and South Korea (1998–2018): Urban, landfill fire and garbage burning sources." Environmental Chemistry 18, no. 8 (April 12, 2022): 370–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en21139.

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Environmental context The production and consumption of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) is regulated under the Montreal Protocol and its amendments, due to their role in stratospheric ozone depletion. Global atmospheric levels of CFC-11 did not decline as rapidly as expected during 2012–2018, in large part due to emissions from eastern China. In order to further clarify global CFC-11 emissions, this work provides a rare set CFC-11 measurements from understudied countries and sources throughout Asia (1998–2018). Abstract Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) is an ozone-depleting substance whose production and consumption are regulated under the Montreal Protocol. Global atmospheric CFC-11 levels declined less quickly than expected during 2012–2018, largely because of ongoing emissions from eastern Asia. Satellite measurements suggest additional CFC-11 hotspots in the Arabian Peninsula and north India/Nepal. Here we present CFC-11 levels measured in dozens of Asian cities during 1998–2018, including China and Pakistan before the 2010 phaseout of CFC-11, and China, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and South Korea after the phaseout. Surface measurements of CFCs in Nepal, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia are very rare, and these surveys provide important observational constraints from understudied regions. During pre-phaseout campaigns, higher CFC-11 levels were measured in Beijing than Karachi, despite much higher overall volatile organic compound (VOC) levels in Karachi. During post-phaseout campaigns, average CFC-11 levels were higher in inland Shandong Province and Seoul (1.11–1.23× background) than in western Saudi Arabia, Lahore and Kathmandu (1.02–1.11× background), despite higher levels of other VOCs in the latter regions. While China is known to emit excess CFC-11, elevated CFC-11 levels in Seoul, especially during stagnant meteorological conditions, suggest local emissions in 2015–2016. Rough emission estimates suggest that South Korea is likely a relatively minor global source of excess CFC-11. Hotspot CFC-11 levels were measured from a landfill fire in Mecca (average of 1.8× background) and from garbage burning in Nepal (1.5× background). Because garbage burning and open burning in dumps are common practices, further investigation of CFC-11 emissions at dumps and landfills worldwide is encouraged to determine their global impact.

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A. Adam, Belal Abdallah, Ahmed Abd el-gader, and IsameldeinAwdalla Abdelrhman. "HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO FINAL DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE IN ZALINGY TOWN - CENTRAL DARFUR STATE – SUDAN 2015." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 11 (November 30, 2016): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i11.2016.2424.

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Developing countries face serious environmental challenges concerning solid waste management due to rapid urban development. Indiscriminate disposal of solid waste in dumpsites located within urban areas has proved to be a problem to nearby residents in most developing cities of the world, Open dumps have environmental safeguards; they can pose major public health threats and environmental effects in urban cities The Research aimed to determine the environmental and health impacts of solid waste disposal at Zalingy Town. After determined of sample size then (130 persons) were selected randomly by using a questionnaire tool which designed according to objectives of this study, then obtained data were analyzed by using SPSS & Excel programmes, the main results of this study are: 93% of study population do not know dangerous of solids wastes and its impact on their health, The study showed that 56% of study population dispose from their solid wastes by open burning and 30% of them dispose by throw it directly in near environment and weakness of law and legislations that judge solid waste . then the study recommended by the following : establish effective solid waste management programme and support it with regulations and laws, increase environmental education about solid waste in study area, modern method should be used for solid wastes disposal such as landfill.

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Fisher, Robert M. "Contributions of Electron Microscopy to Environmental Science." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100178793.

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Heightened concern about the environment, and particularly the increasing rate of dispersion of toxic substances and irritants has placed severe demands on analytical techniques to define the nature and occurrence of potentially hazardous constituents and devise control technologies as well as to determine the risk to human life. In many cases, environmental contamination involves the presence of very fine particulates, which may pose some health risk in their own right or may simply serve as carriers for hazardous chemicals that fall within the respirable range, i.e. 10 microns or less in major dimension. Electron microscopy, widely used to observe and identify fine particulates in the atmosphere, has already contributed significantly to environmental science but advances in instrumentation are needed to overcome technical and economic limitations to its use.Sources of Environmental ParticulatesAtmosphere particulates, popularly considered to originate primarily from heavy industrial operations such as mining, primary metal production or power generation, can also come from natural sources such as volcanoes, forest fires, silt residue from flooding, and botanical emissions (spores, pollen). Paniculate pollutants also derive from smoking, debris from road wear of automobile and truck tires, fragmentation of asbestos-containing insulation and building materials, food processing, earth moving operations, open burning of agricultural residues and waste dumps and unfiltered emissions from incinerators.

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Kapustin, Fedor, and Andrey Vishnevsky. "The Use of Fly Ash in the Production of Concrete and Products Based on it." Solid State Phenomena 309 (August 2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.309.8.

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Reftinskaya state district power plant owned by Enel company and located in Russia produces up to 5 million tons of fly ash and slag annually when burning multi-ash coal of the Ekibastuz basin. A new system of dry ash removal works at the power plant; it includes the laying system of wet ashes and slags on the dump and the discharge system from the silo storage facility up to 1 million tons of ash per year. The chemical-mineral and grain composition data, properties and their correspondence to Russian standard 25818 in order to use ash in the production of concrete and products based on it are presented. The experience of production and application of autoclaved aerated ash concrete of reduced density is considered. It is shown that fly ash of Reftinskaya state district power plant is an effective substitute for quartz sand in the technology of cellular concrete. Its application opens up additional opportunities for aerated concrete with a density of 300-400 kg/m3 production. To optimize the structure and properties it is proposed to introduce an additive of natural gypsum in the amount of 3-5 % of the mass of dry components into the autoclave aerated concrete. The produced aerated ash concrete had a thermal conductivity of 0.075-0.100 W/m∙K which allows it to be used for erection of single-layer enclosing structures without additional insulation. Fly ash can also be used as part of heavy and fine-aggregate concrete replacing a part of Portland cement and sand. The addition of ash in an amount of up to 25 % by weight of cement improves the workability and reduces the demixing of the concrete mix. Ash introduction up to 10 % increases the compressive strength of concrete at an early time and after 28 days of normal hardening, an increase of it up to 25 % decreases the compressive strength, reduces the conductivity, but increases the shrinkage of concrete. The optimum ash content up to 100 kg/m3 for steamed concrete and not more 50 kg/m3 for normal hardening concrete. Compliance with the optimal composition and technological parameters of the production of concrete structures using ash enables to produce concrete of F200-F300 grade by frost resistance.

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Zhantassov, K., Z. Bagova, G. Turebekova, B. Sapargaliyeva, and G. Pusurmanova. "DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EXTRACTION OF LEAD AND ZINC OXIDES FROM DUST AND SLAGS DURING THE UTILIZATION OF LEAD PLANT WASTE." SERIES CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 446 (April 12, 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1491.30.

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The object of the study is lead-containing slag dumps from a lead plant. The slags of the lead plant contain a large number of toxic compounds: lead, zinc, osmium, cadmium, which are dangerous sources of environmental pollution. Due to the open storage of slags, it was found that the maximum permissible concentrations of lead were exceeded. Utilization of lead production slags allows to obtain non-ferrous metals and to reduce the technogenic load on the environment as a result of processing of slags. At the same time, slags are valuable raw materials containing compounds of non-ferrous and rare-earth metals. The article proposes methods for the extraction of lead and zinc from slag waste and selects the optimal method for the selective extraction of zinc and lead oxides from dust and slags of lead production. The proposed technology of continuous carbon-free selective extraction of zinc and lead from the dust of electric steelmaking production allows the use of lead production slag, which is fed into a rotating drum furnace in two oppositely directed streams. During the movement of lead slag in the furnace drum and the burning of the torch, lead and zinc are more completely extracted from the dust-like material, where the transporting object is compressed air, and the purified flue gas after the gas is further purified by means of a smoke pump is released into the atmosphere. When using the proposed selective method for extracting non-ferrous metals, the ecological state of the environment will be improved, and it will also reduce the negative impact on human health due to the disposal of toxic slags from lead production.

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KOCASOY, G. "The �mraniye-Hekimbai open dump accident." Waste Management & Research 13, no. 4 (August 1995): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0734-242x(95)90080-2.

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Kocasoy, Günay, and Kriton Curi. "The Ümraniye-Hekimbaşi Open Dump Accident." Waste Management & Research 13, no. 4 (July 1995): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x9501300402.

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Radžiūtė, Milda, and Audronė Matusevičiūtė. "PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS TREATED WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE COMPOST." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 2, no. 5 (October 31, 2010): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2010.097.

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Sewage dump is the main organic waste component accumulating in water treatment companies, and therefore the utilization of dump remains a burning issue. Fertilization is the most popular and cheapest way of using sewage dump a part of which is intended for agriculture in most European countries for composting purposes. Sewage dump or its compost are suitable for fertilizing the upper layers of the soil in cases the concentration of heavy metals is not greater than sanitarian standards can tolerate. The examinations were carried out using different waste dump rates from Vilnius water treatment facility in willow (Salix viminalis) grown cultivated fields. The analysis of the soil was executed after one and two years following the fertilization process. The obtained results indicate that waste dump is a valuable organic fertilizer which contains small amounts of heavy metals. Separate heavy metals migrate from sewage sludge compost to plants differently. It was noted that the concentration of heavy metals in willows was greater (except for Pb and Cd) than that in the soil.

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Стручков, V. Struchkov, Михайлов, and V. Mikhaylov. "THE RESOURCE OF AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT IN OPEN PIT MINING." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19360.

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The article shows the adverse factors affecting the working conditions of transport equipment in open quarries of the far North, the statistics of their failures because of the destruction of load-bearing nodes. The formation of cracks in the frames of heavy-duty dump trucks occurs mainly by the mechanism of fatigue in areas of stress concentration. There is a difference in the run up to the appearance of cracks for dump trucks BelAZ-75306 and BelAZ-75131. Their reliability is lower than other foreign counterparts. The complexity of the repair work is twice the complexity of the repair of dump trucks of similar capacity. In article given the basic requirements to the repair welded joints.

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Yushkin, Vladimir F. "STRENGTH CHANGE OF ROCKFILL DUMPS AT OPEN PIT MINES UNDER THE NATURAL CLIMATE IMPACT." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 4 (May 21, 2021): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-2-4-216-220.

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The article discusses the change in the elastic properties of rockfill in the rims of an open pit dump during natural compaction under the climate impacts. Seismic survey records allowed determining limits of seasonal change in the dynamic elasticity modulus in freeze of the upper layer of dump rockfill. It is shown that dynamic Young’s modulus is exceeded 1.5 times. The results are reflective of activation of natural self-organization in rocks in the rims of an open pit dump under the natural climate impact as the strength increases in the surface layers of the dump.

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Zhigang, Tao, Zhu Chun, Wang Yong, Wang Jiamin, He Manchao, and Zhang Bo. "Research on Stability of an Open-Pit Mine Dump with Fiber Optic Monitoring." Geofluids 2018 (October 30, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9631706.

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China has over 1500 open-pit mines and 5000 dumps consisting of waste rock from the mining process. Due to dump instability in an open-pit mine and its diverse foundations, landslides and mudslides frequently occur. Heaped loose waste rock and concentrated heavy rainfalls are the two important factors affecting slope stability of a dump. Using the high Dump II within the Nanfen Open-Pit Iron Mine with a slope height of 300 m as a case study, this paper first proposes a physical model similarity ratio according to the on-site engineering geological survey data. The governing principles of deformation in the shallow dump layers in terms of different heaped loads and rainfall were then determined using fiber optic sensing to conduct an experimental study on the monitoring of the dump stability with an indoor physical model. Experimental results confirm that the amount of rainfall and heaped load has a great impact on the landslide in a dump. With an increase in the amount of material heaped onto the pile, the place between two heaped load points is squeezed and slowly deformed. As rainfall begins, the deformation of the rock-soil mass is significant, and constantly increasing rainfall intensity is accompanied by a dangerous sliding surface. Finally, the FLAC3D method was used to simulate the deformation features in the shallow part of Dump II under different heaped load conditions and verify the experimental results of the indoor physical model. By comparing the physical model experiments and numerical simulation results, we propose monitoring the stability of Dump II using this fiber optic sensing technology and provide the scientific basis for stability monitoring of similar dumps to detect the early warning signs of mudslides or landslides.

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Parafiniuk, J., and Ł. Kruszewski. "Minerals of the ammonioalunite—ammoniojarosite series formed on a burning coal dump at Czerwionka, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland." Mineralogical Magazine 74, no. 4 (August 2010): 731–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2010.074.4.731.

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AbstractAmmonioalunite, ammoniojarosite and their solid-solution series found on a burning coal dump at Czerwionka, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, were examined using powder X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis methods. The minerals occur as yellow, fine-grained crusts and botryoidal masses in the outer part of a sulphate crust found ∼1 m below the surface. The crust is composed mainly of godovikovite and tschermigite that formed by interaction of sour fire gases or solutions and waste materials beneath the surface of the burning coal dump at temperatures of at least 80—100°C. The crystals often reveal oscillatory zoning due to different Al and Fe contents in thin bands, from near end-members to extensive solid solutions. Our analyses suggest the existence in nature of a complete solid solution between ammonioalunite and ammoniojarosite. They also carry essential amounts of chlorine.

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Musina, V. R. "Geodynamic position of burning coal-and-rock dump at Nesvetaevskaya Mine." MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN 7 (2018): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2018-7-0-219-228.

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Xie, Zhen Hua, Ting Ting Luan, and Na He. "Safety Evaluation Technology for Waste Dump Landslide of Open-Pit Mine Based on Fuzzy Mathematics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2245.

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In recent years, frequent waste dump landslides brought the huge losses. Now, there is no mature theory system about the research on waste dump stability, this paper puts forward a disaster evaluation method for waste dump landslide which bases on fuzzy mathematics principle, the evaluation method is convenient and practical. Firstly, we established evaluation indicator system on the basis of analyzing landslide influence factors; first grade evaluation indicators included engineering geology, hydrogeology, dumping process and other factors; second grade evaluation indicators included geotechnical properties, foundation soft rock, foundation slope, atmospheric precipitation, underground drainage, drainage facilities, dumping way, dumping order, propulsion speed, mining disorderly, blasting vibration and force majeure. Secondly, we used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the indicator weight. At last, combining with the actual situation of some waste dump and using fuzzy mathematical theory, we had the safety evaluation to waste dump landslides, the result is in good agreement with the actual situation and shows that the method is a scientific guidance to the safety management of the waste dump.

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Adamczyk, Justyna, Marek Cała, Jerzy Flisiak, Malwina Kolano, and Michał Kowalski. "SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF WASTE DUMP IN SANDSTONE OPEN PIT OSIELEC." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2013-0001.

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Abstract This paper presents the slope stability analysis for the current as well as projected (final) geometry of waste dump Sandstone Open Pit “Osielec”. For the stability analysis six sections were selected. Then, the final geometry of the waste dump was designed and the stability analysis was conducted. On the basis of the analysis results the opportunities to improve the stability of the object were identified. The next issue addressed in the paper was to determine the proportion of the mixture containing mining and processing wastes, for which the waste dump remains stable. Stability calculations were carried out using Janbu method, which belongs to the limit equilibrium methods.

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Kuznetsov, Ilya, Ivan Panachev, Georgiy Dubov, and Sergey Nokhrin. "Energy Assessment of BelAZ-75131 Gas-diesel Mining Dump Trucks Operation at Kuzbass Open Casts." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403010.

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The parameters of the BelAZ-75131 heavy dump truck im- proved model using gas-diesel mixture are given in the paper. The moni- toring analysis of the conditions and operation indicators of BelAZ-75131 heavy dump truck using diesel and gaseous fuels is done. Numerical and percentage values of the replacement of diesel fuel with liquefied natural gas when transporting exploded rock mass are determined; the volume of diesel fuel and liquefied natural gas consumption has been established. The analytical dependence to calculate the cost per unit of energy during trans- portation by mining dump trucks with gas equipment is determined. The energy estimation of diesel and gas-diesel mining dump trucks operation is given.

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Batugin, Andrian, Aleksandr Kobylkin, and Valerija Musina. "Investigation of the influence of the geodynamic position of coal-bearing dumps on their endogenous fire hazard." Записки Горного института 250 (September 29, 2021): 526–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2021.4.5.

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The paper investigates the hypothesis according to which one of the factors influencing the spontaneous combustion of coal-bearing dumps is its geodynamic position, i.e. its location in the geodynamically dangerous zone (GDZ) at the boundary of the Earth crust blocks. This hypothesis is put forward on the basis of scientific ideas about the block structure of the Earth crust and the available statistical data on the location of burning dumps and is studied using computer modeling. A dump located in the area of Eastern Donbass was chosen as the object of research. The simulation results show that the penetration of air into the dump body from the mine through the GDZ, which crosses the mining zone, is possible at an excess pressure of 1000 Pa created by the main ventilation fans. The fire source appearance in the dump body causes an increase in the temperature of the dump mass and becomes a kind of trigger that "turns on" the aerodynamic connection between the dump and the environment, carried out through the GDZ. It is concluded that the establishment of an aerodynamic connection between the mine workings and the dump through the GDZ can be an important factor contributing to the endogenous fire hazard of coal-bearing dumps. The simulation results can be used in the development of projects for monitoring coal-bearing dumps and measures to combat their spontaneous combustion.

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Wen, He Xing, Yan Xu, and Xiang Tian Meng. "The Failure Mode Analysis of Open Pit Coal Mine Dump Slope Base on Fast Lagrangian Method." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2436.

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This paper research on the failure mode of a coal mine dump slope in Inner Mongolia. Firstly, there are some brief introductions of the surface mine dump slope failure mode and the basic principles of Lagrangian; Secondly, the collected geological data is shown. We established the dump slope model by FLAC3D program and than draw conclusions. This method can provide an useful safety information for the opencast coal mine.

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Vladimirov, D. Ya, A. F. Klebanov, and I. V. Kuznetsov. "Digital Transformation of Surface Mining and New Generation of Open-Pit Equipment." Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2020 (December 29, 2020): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-6-10-12.

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The The paper addresses the issues of designing onboard systems and complex digitalization of open-pit mining equipment. A generalized schematic diagram and composition of the On-Board Robotic Control System for open-pit equipment (OBRCS OPE) are provided. The option of the On-Board Robotic Control System for mining dump trucks (OBRCS MDT) and schematics of the on-board robotic system of the BELAZ dump truck are described in more detail. A layout option is suggested for an autonomous ready dump truck, a modification that meets all the requirements for the digital transformation (DT) generation of dump trucks i.e. the ability to operate as part of the mine fleet management systems and robotic control systems, as well as the availability of modern on-board industrial safety systems and remote diagnostics. The DT Generation of mining equipment will allow mining companies to achieve the up-to-date level in digital transformation of surface mining operations and will cut the amount of investments required in upgrading the mining transport system.

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Tarasov, P. I., M. L. Khazin, and V. V. Furzikov. "Extension of Open-Pit Dump Truck Life Cycle." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost) 148, no. 6/2019 (December 30, 2019): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2019-6-148-118-122.

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Estrellan, Carl Renan, and Fukuya Iino. "Toxic emissions from open burning." Chemosphere 80, no. 3 (June 2010): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.057.

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Peng, Chao, Dong Ji, Liang Zhao, and Fen Hua Ren. "Study on Limit Height and its Stability of Open-Pit Dump Based on Basement Bearing Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.177.

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This paper, which combines with the actual situation of mine, discusses the limit height and stability of the dump. Based on the basement bearing mechanism and different types of topsoil thickness, a method to calculate the height of the dump is put forward. Since the topsoil of Xichuan dump belongs to the thin type (h< h1+h2), and take into account of dumping technology, the limit height is determined to be 220 meters, which exceed design level (160m). And then, using limit equilibrium method based on Geo-Slope to analyze stability of the slope. The value of slope safety factor is 1.175~1.210, which is in conformity with the basic requirement of safety. In addition, the result also provides the dependable basis for the dump expansion.

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Pokatilov, Andrey, Anastasia Shirokolobova, Roman Dobrynin, and Andrey Vinidiktov. "Crack Formation in Metal Structures of Heavy Dump Trucks during Operation at Kuzbass Open Pit Mines." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403020.

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The results of crack formation monitoring in metal structures of BelAZ heavy dump trucks during their operation at Kuzbass open-casts are given in the article. Possible causes and areas of the crack-like defects formation during operation of heave dump trucks at depths greater than 300 m are considered. The assembly units and elements of heave dump trucks and the areas of the highest total stresses are determined by solid modeling, strength analysis and monitoring of the condition of metal structures under production conditions. The law of crack length development in the areas of the transaxle-housing component and the fastening of the hydraulic cylinder depending on the number of loading cycles is established. The stresses dependence arising in the structural elements of heavy dump trucks during operation under various loads, on the number of loading cycles to failure, is presented.

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Cao, Chunhui, Jili Feng, and Zhigang Tao. "Start-Up Mechanism and Dynamic Process of Landslides in the Full High Waste Dump." Water 12, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): 2543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092543.

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Landslides often occur in the open-pit mine dump, which is harmful to the safety operation of mines and slopes. In this work, the landslides that occurred in 2014 at Nanfen open-pit mine of China are studied to understand the triggering mechanism and dynamic process of landslides in the full high waste dump. Field investigation, hydrogeological data analysis, satellite map data, and numerical simulation are combined to analyze and evaluate the landslides. The study shows that the continuous and intensive dumping can lead to shear failure under the action of self-weight. The shear strength of loose dump bodies significantly relies on the water content, freeze-thaw cycle, pore pressure, and gradation of the dump soils. These factors result in the occurrence of landslides in the dump slope. The predictions by the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method show that the shape, influence range, and slip distance of landslides are consistent with that of the field investigation. The present study shows that the SPH method is a powerful numerical technique to describe landslides’ problems.

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KHAZIN, Mark Leont’evich. "Autonomous mining dump trucks." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University 59, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2020-3-123-130.

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Research aim is to reduce the costs of a mining company and the number of accidents by increasing the efficiency of the use of equipment and eliminating the human factor. Research methodology: analysis of possible areas of application of autonomous mining dump trucks and problems associated with this process. Results. Mining is carried out in difficult mining conditions, which makes the presence of people in the working area of the quarry problematic. Mining companies are looking to cut costs and make jobs safer, especially in developed countries with high labor costs. The use of dump trucks with remote and autonomous control systems in open pits makes it possible to increase the safety and efficiency of open pit mining, reduce the influence of the human factor and increase the productivity of mining machines. While human drivers can do their job well, autonomous trucks can drive the exact route every time without getting bored, tired or resting. The car does not need clean air, good visibility and a lunch break. At the same time, mining autonomous dump trucks can be used in remote-controlled, semi-autonomous and autonomous modes, and the driver in them is replaced by a central controller and a local self-management system. The robot does not get tired and does not make mistakes, it can work 24 hours a day. Eliminating human error and regular training improves safety and increases the productivity of a mining operation. Such companies as BelAZ, Komatsu and Caterpillar are the leaders in the production of autonomous mining dump trucks. Conclusions. The introduction of autonomous transportation allows the mining company to actually reduce its operating costs. While autonomous technologies are still in their infancy, they continue to evolve. Complex solutions will be of great interest - centralized systems that allow working with a fleet of autonomous vehicles and other mining equipment. Therefore, this direction today is the most developing and promising, and the use of autonomous dump trucks in the mining industry is no longer a distant prospect, but a reality of today

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Kuznetsov, Ilya, Ivan Panachev, Georgiy Shirokolobov, and Roman Dobrinin. "The economic assessment of heavy dump trucks energy distribution while in operation at Kuzbass open-pit mines." E3S Web of Conferences 315 (2021): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131503005.

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The monitoring results of quarry vehicles operation at Kuzbass open-pits are presented in the article. The factors influencing the transpor-tation process energy intensity, as well as the economic efficiency of heavy dump trucks distribution in the conditions of a developed deposit are estab-lished. The dependences of changes in the specific energy consumption of dump trucks of different load capacities on the variation of the longitudinal slopes of the route are determined. The scheme of the energy distribution of the open-pit machines depending on the slope of the technological road on the rise is presented. Formulae for calculating the economic assessment of the operation of open-pit trucks of various load capacities in the condi-tions of an open-pit are given. The dependence of direct losses and down-time of BelAZ-7555, BelAZ-75131 and BelAZ-75306 dump trucks on the change in the longitudinal slope of the highway at the Kuzbass open-pits is established. Graphics of the relationship between direct losses from down-time of open-pit vehicles and the specific energy costs for transporting the blasted rock mass are obtained.

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Jiang, Hai Bo, Chang Sheng Ji, Ying Qiu Shu, and Jiang Li. "The Open Colliery Slope Mechanics Stability Analysis and Forecasting Methods Reasearching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.743.

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The slope, out-dump ,inner-dump and work-slope, is the important part in the open colliery. Slope should bring the huge loss without effective forecast during the work. Many methods have been used in the slope stability analysis to escape the slope. Dffective landslide forecast can improve the early warning system of landslides and mitigate the landslide disasters. In this paper, the methods used in the analysis have been list and forecast reasearch should be discuss. The better method could be get from integrate the multi-method.

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Amarsaikhan, Tsedendorj, Hideki Shimada, Sugeng Wahyudi, Takashi Sasaoka, and Akihiro Hamanaka. "Optimization of Dump Bench Configuration to Improve Waste Dump Capacity of Narynsukhait Open Pit Coal Mine." International Journal of Geosciences 09, no. 06 (2018): 379–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2018.96024.

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Joseph, Johny, Jayaram Reddy, and D. Sayantan. "Comparative study of soil properties and vegetation at various open dump and non-dumpsites in the Bengaluru city of Karnataka, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 11, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v11i1.1968.

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A comparative field studies on seven municipal dumpsites namely Agara 1 (12.917°N , 77.639°E), Agara 2 (12.922°N, 77.639°E), HSR depot (12.919°N, 77.644°E) , Koramangala Church (12.934°N, 77.626°E) , Koramanagla BDA (12.931°N, 77.625°E), Garvebhayipalya (12.897°N, 77.638°E) and Sanjay Gandhi hospital (12.891°N, 77.601°E), and its adjoining non-dump sites were conducted to understand their soil characteristic features and the vegetation pattern. Soil characteristics were presented in terms of the physicochemical parameters and the vegetation patterns were presented in terms of the dominance using the ecological parameter Important Value Index (IVI). Soils at the dump sites showed higher mean electrical conductivity and pH values as compared to the non-dump sites. Though the mineral content showed higher mean value in the dump sites (except chloride), there is no significant variation in the higher total soluble solutes between dump and non-dump sites(P>0.05) As per ANNOVA there was highly significant variation in the heavy metal content between dump and non dumpsites (P<0.01).. With respect to vegetation analysis though 50 different species found across locations only 10 species viz Alternatheria sessile, Amaranthus spinose, Caesalpinia pulcherima, Ipomea acumilanata, Ipomea evolvulus, Parthenium hysterophorous Pisum sativum, Ricinis communis, Sida rombifolia and Solanum lycopersicum were found consistent across all locations irrespective of the seasons. Among these, A. sessile, R. communis and A. spinosa were found dominant based on the IVI values across seven locations which further can be studied for their potential for phyto remediating the land pollutants such as heavy metals.

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Burmistrov, K. V., N. A. Osintsev, and A. N. Shakshakpaev. "Selection of Open-Pit Dump Trucks during Quarry Reconstruction." Procedia Engineering 206 (2017): 1696–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.700.

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B, Shruthi. "Stability Analysis of Dump Slope in Open Cast Mines." HELIX 9, no. 6 (December 31, 2019): 5706–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29042/2019-5706-5710.

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Morozov, Alexey V., and Samuil Y. Levenson. "WAYS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF ENGINEERING PROCESSES WHEN FORMING HIGH-DENSITY ARRAYS OF DISPERSE MATERIALS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-2-3-295-303.

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One of the most important production operations in open pit mining is dumping. The depth of open pit mines increases constantly and the volume of overburden rocks also grows. Overburden is truck-delivered to the dumps. Fractional composition of overburden is diverse. In the early years, loose rocks were transported to the dumps from the upper horizons to the lower levels of the dumps, and in subsequent years - hard rocks. In this view, due to the low strength and stability of the dump mass, it is usually not possible to provide safe working conditions. The mining safety can be increased due to the compaction of rocks composing the dump mass. Based on the analysis of technologies for compaction of dispersed materials using known equipment, a self-propelled vibration device is proposed for the formation of a stable dump mass. The use of a vibrating function element in the design, which implements a polyharmonic vibration mode, will expand the scope of its application during the open pit mining.

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Vakulin, E. A., V. A. Ivashkevich, E. I. I. Gnitsak, V. S. Baikin, and S. P. Maslyukov. "Assessment of maintenance schedule uniformity for Belaz dump trucks in Chernogorsky open pit mine." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, S64 (October 20, 2018): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2018-12-64-127-133.

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Uniform schedule maintenance of mining and haulage machines is one of the key conditions for increasing productive time of maintenance personnel and decreasing monthly average servicing time. Currently, Russian mines infringe regulated maintenance schedule aimed to improve output per shift. The loss of time of maintenance personnel and equipment as a consequence maintenance irregularity is never assessed. This article presents assessment results on maintenance schedule uniformity in terms of dump trucks BelAZ-7513 and BelAZ-7530 at Chernogorsky open pit mine, SUEK-Khakassia. A variant of calculation of time loss owing to inconsistent maintenance schedule for dump trucks is proposed. The loss of time by maintenance personnel and by mining/haulage machines is assessed. The fleet of dump trucks BelAZ-7513 and BelAZ-7530 is analyzed depending on overtime of operation between maintenance periods. It is recommended to improve uniformity of maintenance schedule for mining and haulage equipment.

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Gerike, Boris, Aleksandr Zacharov, Pavel Gerike, and Yuriy Drozdenko. "Problems of Operational Safety of Dump Trucks in Open Pit Mine." E3S Web of Conferences 134 (2019): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913401005.

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One of the risk factors for dump trucks drivers is the over-vibration on various parts and control units. This leads to the formation of high intensity of work. To search for the causes of over-vibration it is proposed to use vibration analysis methods. To search for the causes of over-vibration it is proposed to use vibration analysis methods in time when dump truck is not moving. This allows the escaping the influence of external factors such as like profile of the road, slope, etc. The analysis of the vibrational signal spectrum allows determining the type of defect with a high degree of reliability.

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Guo, Tongsuo, Wei Zhou, Zhaolin Li, Chuanwei Zhang, Qingxiang Cai, Ya Tian, Huairui Qin, Fuming Liu, Izhar Mithal Jiskani, and Dongxu Zhang. "Optimization of Land Saving and Loss Reducing and Slope Stability Variation Patterns in Open-Pit Mine." Geofluids 2021 (April 14, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6620235.

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This study presents different land saving and loss reducing schemes. Comprehensively compare the economic benefits of the schemes. It is shown that the optimal scheme can recover tons of coal resources on the south slope, creating significant economic benefits. Numerical simulation was utilized to analyze the changes of slope stability, deformation, and shear strain increment in the process of land saving and loss reducing. Results found that the slope stability decreases rapidly, and the toe of the slope has to be internally discharged in time to compress the slope. Timely follow-up of in-slope rows can improve slope stability. The position of the slope shear exit changes with the increase of the distance of the inner row, and its stability increases gradually. When the distance of the lower inner row exceeds 120 m, the increase of the internal row distance has little influence on the slope stability. When the inner distance exceeds 60 m in the process of internal dumping of upper platform, the position of potential sliding plane gradually changes from the lower dump to the upper and lower dump with the increase of inner dumping distance. It shows that the stability of the dump will be damaged if the upper dump continues to be discharged. Therefore, the distance between the upper and lower dump sites is more important than 60 m. The stability of the south slope is good in the process of mining and internal drainage, and the overall stability of the south slope is controllable, based on slope radar monitoring.

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Cai, Zhen, Shaogang Lei, Yibo Zhao, Chuangang Gong, Weizhong Wang, and Changchun Du. "Spatial Distribution and Migration Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Grassland Open-Pit Coal Mine Dump Soil Interface." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (April 7, 2022): 4441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084441.

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The open-pit coal mine dump in the study area contains many low-concentration heavy metal pollutants, which may cause pollution to the soil interface. Firstly, statistical analysis and geostatistical spatial interpolation methods described heavy metal pollution’s spatial distribution. The mine dump heavy metal pollution distribution is strongly random due to disorderly piles, but it is closely related to slope soil erosion. Furthermore, the soil deposition area is where pollutants accumulate. For example, all heavy metal elements converge at the bottom of the dump. Usually, the pollution in the lower part is higher than that in the upper part; the pollution in the lower step is higher than the upper step; the pollution in the soil deposition locations such as flat plate and slope bottom is higher than the soil erosion locations such as slope tip and middle slope. Finally, the hyperspectral remote sensing method described heavy metals pollution’s migration characteristics, that the pollutants could affect the soil interface by at least 1 km. This study provides a basis for preventing and controlling critical parts of mine dump heavy metal pollution and pollution path control.

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Xiaoli, Guo, Yan Jiancheng, Li Xueliang, Wen Xin, and Li Xingli. "Study on shaping slope stability of dump in eastern grassland open-pit mine." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 04043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019404043.

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The dumps in the open-pit mining area in the eastern grassland are prone to landslides due to the fragile ecological environment, so it is inevitable to reshape the dump slopes. In order to explore a more scientific method for slope shaping of open-pit mine dump, slope stability analysis were used to compare effect of three types of slope-type (wave-shaped, slope-shaped and step-shaped slope shaping method)in outside dumping site of Baori Hiller open-pit mine. The results show that the slope stability is negatively correlated with the slope angle, and the stability of different shaping slopes is realized as wave-shaped slope (F=2.711)> Slope-shaped slope(F=2.513)>Step-shaped slope(F=1.047), in which the wave type and slope type are all within the safe range, but the step type slope is unstable; in consideration of cost, stability and erosion resistance, it is better to set the slope angle of the dump to 15°.The wave-shaped shaping method of the natural dumping of the excavation field outside the Baori Hiller open-pit mine has the best effect and is worth promoting.

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Gorshkov, Nikolai I. "Stress-strain state and stability of the Unglichikan open pit walls." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal 6 (September 15, 2021): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-6-42-56.

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Research objective is to identify the features of stress-strained state development and estimate the stability of Unglichikan open pit walls and dump slopes based on calculation, analysis, and estimation with the certified finite element method GenIDE32. The introduction describes features of research object location natural-technogenic conditions and geological history of rocks building up the research object. Research relevance is due to complex solution to deep and high mountain structures design problems, account for construction technologies, and stress-strained state and elements stability determination. Methods of the stress-strained state numerical calculation, analysis, and estimation for the “structure– geological environment” system consists in using all tools of the program’s interface, namely, values, value levels, isolines and graphs for different quantities, including the graphs of stress-strained state behavior trajectories in the space of the stress tensor invariants and relative strains. Results of calculation are presented as the program’s capabilities in graphic representation of the sequential development of mudslides in open pit walls and dump slopes with vertical fissures. Colors of magnitude levels specify the contours of mudslides, while the corresponding shading of finite elements indicates the fissure formation sites. Conclusions. Calculation results proved the stability of the mountain structures for the selected size dimensions of open pit walls and dump slopes.

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Gorshkov, Nikolai I. "Stress-strain state and stability of the Unglichikan open pit walls." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal 6 (September 15, 2021): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-6-42-56.

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Research objective is to identify the features of stress-strained state development and estimate the stability of Unglichikan open pit walls and dump slopes based on calculation, analysis, and estimation with the certified finite element method GenIDE32. The introduction describes features of research object location natural-technogenic conditions and geological history of rocks building up the research object. Research relevance is due to complex solution to deep and high mountain structures design problems, account for construction technologies, and stress-strained state and elements stability determination. Methods of the stress-strained state numerical calculation, analysis, and estimation for the “structure– geological environment” system consists in using all tools of the program’s interface, namely, values, value levels, isolines and graphs for different quantities, including the graphs of stress-strained state behavior trajectories in the space of the stress tensor invariants and relative strains. Results of calculation are presented as the program’s capabilities in graphic representation of the sequential development of mudslides in open pit walls and dump slopes with vertical fissures. Colors of magnitude levels specify the contours of mudslides, while the corresponding shading of finite elements indicates the fissure formation sites. Conclusions. Calculation results proved the stability of the mountain structures for the selected size dimensions of open pit walls and dump slopes.

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Kim Oanh, Nguyen Thi. "Rice straw open burning: emissions, effects and multiple benefitsof non-burning alternatives." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjste.63(4).79-85.

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Rice is one of the most important staple foods not just to people in Asia, but around the world. To meet domestic and export demands, farmers in Southeast Asia (SEA) grow 2-3 crop cycles per year, which leaves only a short period for land preparation. Field open burning of rice straw has been widely practiced to quickly clear the surface biomass for the next crop planting. However, this uncontrolled open combustion of rice straw releases large amounts of toxic air pollutants including key conventional pollutants along with carcinogenic compounds like dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and benzene, as well as major climate forcing agents. Emissions from rice straw open burning (RSOB) have been shown to significantly elevate ambient levels of PM2.5 and surface ozone in adjacent urban areas. During the dry season, when stagnant meteorological conditions are prevalent, intensive open burning activities further intensify haze episodes. Rice straw, however, is a valuable resource that should be recovered and not disposed of by open burning. Indeed, several non-open burning alternatives are available that would bring in multiple benefits to air quality, climate, health, and economy. For example, the production of rice straw fuel pellets for cooking in clean gasifier cookstoves is one promising option. For the successful elimination of RSOB in SEA, technology development along with formulation and implementation of appropriate policies should be in place to mobilise active participation from all stakeholders.

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Jing, Xiao Fei, Ke Hui Liu, Zhi Yong Cai, and Xiao Zhou. "An Approach to the Forecasting of Debris Flow Hazard by Storms from Large Waste-Dump at Open Pit Mines." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2337.

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In order to explore the impact of debris flow in large waste-dump which under the situation of rainstorm could cause disasters to the downstream region of the life and property; the research project has chosen a large waste-dump as the engineering background in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan. According to the theory of the debris flow motion, we have made a deep analysis about the possibilities that waste-dump could cause debris flow disaster under the different frequency of rainstorm; and carried on the forecast analysis about the scope and degree of the calamity in the downstream which caused by the debris flow. The results can provide a reference for debris flow control in the lower reaches.

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Ciesielczuk, Justyna, Andrzej Czylok, Monika J. Fabiańska, and Magdalena Misz-Kennan. "Plant occurrence on burning coal waste – a case study from the Katowice-Wełnowiec dump, Poland." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2015-0057.

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AbstractCoal-waste dumps superimposed on former rubbish dump frequently undergo selfheating and selfignition of organic matter dispersed in the waste. The special conditions for plant growth generated as a result have been investigated since 2008 on the municipal dump reclaimed with coal wastes in Katowice-Wełnowiec, Poland. The plants observed most frequently where heating has occurred are Sisymbrium loeselii, Artemisia vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Chenopodium album, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Amaranthus retroflexus, Atriplex nitens and Solanum nigrum. Some new, rare species such as Portulaca oleracea, first noticed in 2011, may be added. Most of encroaching species are annual, alien archeophytes and neophytes. Native species are mainly perennials. The majority of these species show a tendency to form specimens of huge size (gigantism). The abundance of emitted CO2 and nitrogen compounds is the likely cause of this. Additionally, the plants growing there are not attacked by insects. The heating of the ground liquidates the natural seed bank. After cooling, these places are seeded by species providing seeds at that very moment (pioneer species). Heated places on the dumps allow plant growth even in the middle of winter. As the seasonal vegetation cycle is disturbed, plants may be found seeding, blooming and fruiting at the same time.

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Tyukov, P. O., and E. V. Loginov. "Substantiation of development system parameters taking into account the main dimensions of working equipment used in the development of mineral deposits by open-pit method." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126604014.

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The text substantiates the dependence of the complex dimen-sions of and transportation equipment (excavator - dump truck links) on the parameters of the mining method, which ensures an increase in the effi-ciency of open-pit mining of mineral deposits, is justified in the text. In-creasing the efficiency of open-pit mining method using a complex of ex-traction and loading and transportation equipment is achieved by increasing the range of permissible parameters of the mining method. The study allowed to identify the dimensions of the extraction and loading and transportation equipment complex (excavator - dump truck links) affect the height of the bench and the width of the working platform the dimensions of the mining and loading equipment (excavator - dump truck links) are the main indicators that affect the parameters of the mining method at the complex of mining and loading and transportation equipment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dump and open burning'

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