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1
Brisman, J. L. "Dual-Energy CTA to Diagnose Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Ready for Prime Time?" American Journal of Neuroradiology 36, no. 5 (February 19, 2015): 861–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a4293.
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Mittal, Anuj, Jonelle Raphael, Hisashi Tsukada, Eileen Hoffner, Samaan Rafeq, Bhavesh Shah, and Lawrence Kenney. "A Dual-Modality Ultrasound (EBUS and EUS) Approach to Diagnose Pulmonary Histoplasmosis." Chest 144, no. 4 (October 2013): 182A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1704945.
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Si-Mohamed, Salim Aymeric, Lauria Marie Restier, Arthur Branchu, Sara Boccalini, Anaelle Congi, Arthur Ziegler, Danka Tomasevic, Thomas Bochaton, Loic Boussel, and Philippe Charles Douek. "Diagnostic Performance of Extracellular Volume Quantified by Dual-Layer Dual-Energy CT for Detection of Acute Myocarditis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 3286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153286.
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Background: Myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) is a marker of the myocarditis inflammation burden and can be used for acute myocarditis diagnosis. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enables its quantification with high concordance with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic performance of myocardial ECV quantified on a cardiac dual-layer DECT in a population of patients with suspected myocarditis, in comparison to CMR. Methods: 78 patients were included in this retrospective monocenter study, 60 were diagnosed with acute myocarditis and 18 patients were considered as a control population, based on the 2009 Lake and Louise criteria. All subjects underwent a cardiac DECT in acute phase consisted in an arterial phase followed by a late iodine enhancement phase at 10 min after injection (1.2 mL/kg, iodinated contrast agent). ECV was calculated using the hematocrit level measured the day of DECT examinations. Non-parametric analyses have been used to test the differences between groups and the correlations between the variables. A ROC curve has been used to identify the optimal ECV cut-off discriminating value allowing the detection of acute myocarditis cases. A p value < 0.05 has been considered as significant. Results: The mean ECV was significantly higher (p < 0.001) for the myocarditis group compared to the control (34.18 ± 0.43 vs. 30.04 ± 0.53%). A cut-off value of ECV = 31.60% (ROC AUC = 0.835, p < 0.001) allows to discriminate the myocarditis with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 78% (positive predictive value = 92.3%, negative predictive value = 53.8% and accuracy = 79.5%). Conclusion: Myocardial ECV enabled by DECT allows to diagnose the acute myocarditis with a cut-off at 31.60% for a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 78%.
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Li, Hui. "Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.128.
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A novel method of bearing fault diagnosis based on demodulation technique of dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) is proposed. It is demonstrated that the proposed dual-tree complex wavelet transform has better shift invariance, reduced frequency aliasing effect and de-noising ability. The bearing fault vibration signal is firstly decomposed and reconstructed using dual-tree complex wavelet transform. Then the real and imaginary parts are obtained and the vibration signal is amplitude demodulated. In the end, the amplitude envelope and wavelet envelope spectrum are computed. Therefore, the character of the bearing fault can be recognized according to the wavelet envelope spectrum. The experimental results show that dual-tree complex wavelet transform can effectively reduce spectral aliasing and fault diagnosis based on dual-tree complex wavelet transform can effectively diagnose bearing inner and outer race fault under strong background noise condition.
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Cheng, Mingbo, Yahui Zhang, Xiaolei Zhang, Wei Wang, and Zhi Yuan. "One-pot synthesis of acid-induced in situ aggregating theranostic gold nanoparticles with enhanced retention in tumor cells." Biomaterials Science 7, no. 5 (2019): 2009–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9bm00014c.
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In this work, we took advantage of a one-pot reaction to prepare tumor-targeting nanoparticles (Au@T), which could respond to the intracellular acidic environment and form aggregates to enhance the retention effect of nanoparticles in tumor cells, for tumor dual-mode diagnose and photothermal therapy.
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Pagani-Estévez, Gabriel L., Deena M. Nasr, Waleed Brinjikji, Avital Perry, and Jennifer E. Fugate. "Dual-Energy CT to Diagnose Pseudoedema in Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy Following Cerebral Angiography." Neurocritical Care 27, no. 2 (March 28, 2017): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12028-017-0394-7.
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Dolan, Brenda, and Steven A. Rutledge. "Using CASA IP1 to Diagnose Kinematic and Microphysical Interactions in a Convective Storm." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 1613–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr3016.1.
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Abstract Data from the Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) Integrated Project I (IP1) network of polarimetric X-band radars are used to observe a convective storm. A fuzzy logic hydrometeor identification algorithm is employed to study microphysical processes. Dual-Doppler techniques are used to analyze the 3D wind field. The scanning strategy, sensitivity, and low-level scanning focus of the radars are investigated for influencing bulk hydrometeor identification and dual-Doppler wind retrievals. Comparisons are made with the nearby S-band polarimetric Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) prototype radar (KOUN), for consistency. Lightning data are used as an independent indicator of storm evolution for comparison with radar observations. A new methodology for retrieving the vertical wind utilizing upward and variational integration techniques is employed and shown to illustrate trends in mean wind, with particularly good results at low levels. IP1 observations of a case on 10 June 2007 show the development of the updraft, subsequent graupel echo volume evolution, and a descending downdraft preceded by significant graupel in the midlevels, with updraft and graupel volumes leading the onset of lightning. Many of these trends are corroborated by KOUN. The high temporal resolution of three minutes and near-ground sampling provided by IP1 is integral to resolving up- and downdrafts, as well as hydrometeor evolution. IP1 coverage of the upper levels is diminished compared to KOUN, impacting the quality of the dual-Doppler derived vertical winds and ice echo volumes, although the low-level coverage helps to mitigate some errors. However, IP1 coverage of the low- to midlevels is demonstrated to be comparable or better than coverage by KOUN for this storm location.
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Zhang, Kang, Jian Qiang Du, Cheng Hua Ding, and Can Hua Wang. "Application of Improved Dual-Threshold Segmentation for Tongue Image Based on HSI." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 4784–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4784.
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Tongue inspection is the main content of four diagnostic methods “observation, auscultation and olfaction, interrogation, palpation” for traditional Chinese medical science. Traditional tongue inspection mainly depends on doctor’s eyesight and subjective observation to diagnose a disease. It lacks objectivity and hinders further development. It is the only tendency to use computer technology to objective and standard tongue inspection. The tongue split out from the face is the premise for tongue objective. This paper introduces a new dual-threshold segmentation algorithm for tongue image base on HIS.
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García Mahía, M. D. C., and Á. Fernández Quintana. "Prevalence of problematic alcohol consumption in patients with anxiety of depressive disorders." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1355.
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IntroductionDepression and alcohol problems are common in psychiatric outpatients, but there are few studies including patients with anxiety disorders.AimsTo study the prevalence of problematic alcohol consumption in a sample of patients diagnosed of anxiety or depressive disorder and treated in a mental health clinic and to analyze clinical and sociodemographic variables associated to alcohol consumption.MethodsThe sample studied included 194 outpatients (31.9% men and 68.1% women) treated in an outpatient clinic and diagnosed of any anxiety or depressive disorder included in DSM-IVTR as main diagnose. Instruments used were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT). Other variables studied included age, civil status, level of studies, and specific psychiatric diagnoses.ResultsA total of 64.9% were diagnosed of anxiety disorder and 35.1% were diagnosed of depressive disorder. The prevalence of problematic alcohol consumption was 7.8%, being more frequent in men, especially in men and in middle ages. Problematic alcohol consumption was found with more frequency in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and major depression, in this order. Patients with other comorbidity disorders in Axis II presented the highest prevalences of problematic alcohol consumption.ConclusionsProblematic alcohol consumption presents high prevalence in patients with anxiety or depressive disorders and dual diagnose usually is associated with poor prognosis. It is necessary to make efforts to detect alcohol problematic consumption in psychiatric patients and develop specific treatment programs directed to this group of patients in both primary and specialized care units.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Iyama, Yuji, Takeshi Nakaura, Ayumi Iyama, Kazuhiro Katahira, and Yasuyuki Yamashita. "The Usefulness of Dual-Layer Spectral Computed Tomography for Myelography: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1468929.
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We describe a case of lumbar stenosis in which retrospective spectral analysis using dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (CT) had the ability to expand the evaluable region in the spinal canal. Spinal canal stenosis is a common condition whose symptoms (such as lower back and leg pain with walking) deteriorate the quality of life. Generally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT myelography are performed to diagnose canal stenosis. Dual-layer spectral detector CT can yield virtual monochromatic imaging and retrospective on-demand spectral analysis without a prescan setting. Spectral analysis could expand the evaluable region in the spinal canal for increasing the contrast enhancement in the canal.
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Wurman, Joshua, Karen Kosiba, Paul Markowski, Yvette Richardson, David Dowell, and Paul Robinson. "Finescale Single- and Dual-Doppler Analysis of Tornado Intensification, Maintenance, and Dissipation in the Orleans, Nebraska, Supercell." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 4439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3330.1.
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Abstract Finescale single- and dual-Doppler observations are used to diagnose the three-dimensional structure of the wind field surrounding a tornado that occurred near the town of Orleans, Nebraska, on 22 May 2004. The evolution of the vorticity and divergence fields and other structures near the tornado are documented in the lowest kilometer. Changes in tornado intensity are compared to the position of the tornado relative to primary and secondary gust fronts. Circulation on scales of a few kilometers surrounding the tornado remains relatively constant during the analysis period, which spans the intensifying and mature periods of the tornado’s life cycle. Stretching of vertical vorticity and tilting of horizontal vorticity are diagnosed, but the latter is near or below the threshold of detectability in this analysis during the observation period in the analyzed domain. Low-level circulation within 500 m of the tornado increased several minutes before vortex-relative and ground-relative near-surface wind speeds in the tornado increased, raising the possibility that such trends in circulation may be useful in forecasting tornado intensification.
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Shytov, E. A., D. N. Kiselev, and D. I. Shustov. "Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and drug abuse (Revue of the problem dual diagnose)." I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj20092100-105.
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Gaitán, María I., Paulina Yañes, Pascal Sati, Carlos Romero, Daniel S. Reich, and Jorge Correale. "Optimal detection of infratentorial lesions with a combined dual-echo MRI sequence: “PT2”." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 22, no. 10 (July 20, 2016): 1367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458515615226.
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Background: The infratentorial compartment is cardinal for multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. T2-weighted (T2) and proton density–weighted (PD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can visualize infratentorial lesions, but only suboptimally. Objective: To combine PD and T2 for better lesion assessment. Methods: T2 and PD from 35 cases were averaged to form “PT2” images. Two raters counted infratentorial lesions and qualitatively assessed their conspicuity. Results: PT2 showed 244 infratentorial lesions, of which 94% and 74% were seen in PD and T2. PT2 received higher grades for image quality and lesion conspicuity ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusion: PT2 could improve our ability to diagnose and monitor MS.
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Liao, Zhiqiang, Xuewei Song, Baozhu Jia, and Peng Chen. "Automatic Bearing Fault Feature Extraction Method via PFDIC and DBAS." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (May 25, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6655081.
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Determining the embedded dimension of a singular value decomposition Hankel matrix and selecting the singular values representing the intrinsic information of fault features are challenging tasks. Given these issues, this work presents a singular value decomposition-based automatic fault feature extraction method that uses the probability-frequency density information criterion (PFDIC) and dual beetle antennae search (DBAS). DBAS employs embedded dimension and singular values as dynamic variables and PFDIC as a two-stage objective to optimize the best parameters. The optimization results work for singular value decomposition for bearing fault feature extraction. The extracted fault signals combined with envelope demodulation can efficiently diagnose bearing faults. The superiority and applicability of the proposed method are validated by simulation signals, engineering signals, and comparison experiments. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can sufficiently extract fault features and accurately diagnose faults.
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Boodoo, S., D. Hudak, N. Donaldson, and M. Leduc. "Application of Dual-Polarization Radar Melting-Layer Detection Algorithm." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 1779–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2421.1.
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Abstract A polarimetric melting-layer detection algorithm developed for an S-band radar has been modified for use by the King City C-band radar in southern Ontario, Canada. The technique ingests radar scan volume data to determine the melting-layer top and bottom and to diagnose temporal and spatial variations of the melting-layer heights. The thickness of the melting layer is also derived from the algorithm. Detailed case studies of two frontal systems over this region are described, comparing the radar-derived melting-layer height with aircraft measurement of the height of the 0°C isotherm. The analysis demonstrated the ability to detect rapidly changing melting-layer heights during frontal passages in the region. A range of melting-layer heights for a 3-yr period was investigated and produced detections from close to the ground up to about 5.0 km. Comparison of algorithm results to output from a numerical weather prediction model over the 3-yr period showed good agreement. The correlation coefficient of the heights of the 0°C wet-bulb temperature with the radar-derived melting-layer tops was 0.96. The time series of the algorithm output was used to detect frontal passages and showed that the algorithm should be useful for approximately 19 frontal passages per year in this region.
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Ceccato, Filippo, Elisa Selmin, Chiara Sabbadin, Miriam Dalla Costa, Giorgia Antonelli, Mario Plebani, Mattia Barbot, Corrado Betterle, Marco Boscaro, and Carla Scaroni. "Improved salivary cortisol rhythm with dual-release hydrocortisone." Endocrine Connections 7, no. 9 (September 2018): 965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-18-0257.
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Introduction and Aim The purpose of replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency (AI) is mimicking endogenous cortisol levels as closely as possible: dual release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) has been introduced to replicate the circadian cortisol rhythm. Multiple daily saliva collections could be used to assess the cortisol rhythm during real life: our aim was to study the salivary cortisol profile in AI. Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated, in an observational study, 18 adult outpatients with AI (11 primary and 7 secondary AI), switched from conventional treatment (conv-HC, 25 mg/day) to the same dose of DR-HC. We collected six samples of saliva in a day, measuring cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) with LC-MS/MS. Forty-three matched healthy subjects served as controls. Results F levels were similar in the morning (and higher than controls) in patients treated with conv-HC or DR-HC; otherwise F levels and exposure were lower in the afternoon and evening in patients with DR-HC, achieving a cortisol profile closer to healthy controls. Daily cortisol exposure, measured with area under the curve, was lower with DR-HC. Morning F and E presented sensitivity and specificity >90% to diagnose AI (respectively threshold of 3 and 9.45 nmol/L). Total cholesterol and HbA1c levels reduced with DR-HC. Conclusions Salivary cortisol daily curve could be used as a new tool to assess the cortisol profiles in patients treated with conv-HC and DR-HC. A lower daily cortisol exposure was achieved with DR-HC (despite the same HC dose), especially in the afternoon-evening.
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Nogata, Fumio, Akira Shimamoto, and Toshihiko Habu. "Estimation of In Vivo Bone Strength Using Ultrasound Signals." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 08n09 (April 10, 2003): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203019034.
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A new method for estimating in vivo bone strength using ultrasound inspection is described, which can allow diagnose of osteoporosis from the viewpoint of mechanical integrity. The method was based on the two-dimensional area fraction of bone calculated from the difference in the speed of ultrasound propagation through cancellous bone. Then bulk Young's modulus was calculated for various architectures of the cancellous bone with the bone area fraction (S) using finite element method. Since there was a good relationship between the BMD (bone mineral density) by DXA (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) method and the bone area fraction by ultrasound inspection, the technique also allows the estimation of in vivo BMD of the spine, which has been traditionally used at medical area to diagnose osteoporosis. Note that the periodic estimation of the bulk Young's modulus and strength applying the technique is effective to predict the fracture risk for in vivo bone.
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Iannuzzella, Francesco, Giulio Pioli, Mariarosa Maiorana, and Mariacristina Gregorini. "Densitometria ossea: una breve guida per il nefrologo." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 31, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2019.513.
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Studies in patients with chronic kidney disease have definitively shown that “dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry” (DXA) may be helpful in assessing fracture risk. Moreover, it is essential to diagnose osteoporosis and evaluate response to treatment. In order to obtain the best utility from DXA, nephrologists need to know the fundamentals of this technique, its indications in clinical practice, and the potential pitfalls in the interpretation of its results. This review will provide an overview of the fundamentals, methodology, and current clinical applications of DXA with special focus on the nephrologist’s perspective.
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Krysta, K., A. Klasik, M. Janas-Kozik, J. Przybylo, and I. Krupka-Matuszczyk. "The use of the Free Recall Method in the Analysis of Verbal Memory Deficits in Dual Diagnosis Patients." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70582-6.
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In schizophrenia there are specific cognitive deficits including verbal memory deficits. The objective of this study was to examine short-term verbal memory differences between subjects with and without a dual diagnosis.A group of 80 patients with a diagnose of schizophrenia were examined. 40 of them never used illicit drugs, the other 40 also received a diagnose of addiction to psychoactive substances. The Free Recall Method was used to compare two examined groups. The results of addicted and not addicted schizophrenic patients were analyzed in all trials of the 5 stages of the examination with the use of Free Recall Method. Persons suffering from schizophrenia can usually repeat much fewer words in all five stages of the examination with Free Recall Method. This deficiency of short-term memory in this group of subjects is present from the very beginning of information coding.As it was expected a deficiency in short-term verbal memory was found in all examined patients. However when comparing both groups no statistical differences concerning verbal memory deficits were found between the group of patients suffering from schizophrenia addicted and not addicted to psychoactive substances.The fact that no significant differences concerning short-term verbal memory between two examined groups were found, which is consistent with some of the studies found in the literature, may be a good predictor for this group in terms of their possible chances of successful rehabilitation.
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Krysta, K., A. Klasik, M. Janas-Kozik, J. Przybylo, and I. Krupka-Matuszczyk. "The use of the Free Recall Method in the Analysis of Verbal Memory Deficits in Dual Diagnosis Patients." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70670-4.
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In schizophrenia there are specific cognitive deficits including verbal memory deficits. The objective of this study was to examine short-term verbal memory differences between subjects with and without a dual diagnosis.A group of 80 patients with a diagnose of schizophrenia were examined. 40 of them never used illicit drugs, the other 40 also received a diagnose of addiction to psychoactive substances. The Free Recall Method was used to compare two examined groups. The results of addicted and not addicted schizophrenic patients were analyzed in all trials of the 5 stages of the examination with the use of Free Recall Method. Persons suffering from schizophrenia can usually repeat much fewer words in all five stages of the examination with Free Recall Method. This deficiency of short-term memory in this group of subjects is present from the very beginning of information coding.As it was expected a deficiency in short-term verbal memory was found in all examined patients. However when comparing both groups no statistical differences concerning verbal memory deficits were found between the group of patients suffering from schizophrenia addicted and not addicted to psychoactive substances.The fact that no significant differences concerning short-term verbal memory between two examined groups were found, which is consistent with some of the studies found in the literature, may be a good predictor for this group in terms of their possible chances of successful rehabilitation.
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Hassan, Nayera E., Sahar A. El-Masry, Rokia A. El-Banna, and Mohamed S. El Hussieny. "Different Tools for the Assessment of Bone Mass among Egyptian Adults." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.100.
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BACKGROUND: Several tools such as, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and self-assessment tool (OST), are being used for diagnosis of osteoporosis.OBJECTIVE: to compare the sensitivity and specify detection rate of bone mineral density (BMD) changes for DXA versus QCT and OST among a sample of Egyptian adults of both sexes.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study is a cross sectional one, which included 62 Egyptians, aged 20-65 years. Each individual was assessed for BMD using DXA at femur and spine sites; QCT and OST which take into account body weight and age. Accordingly they were diagnosed as either osteoporotic/osteopenic or normal.RESULTS: The highest prevalence of osteopenia or osteoporosis was diagnosed among menopause women. DXA at femur has diagnosed more cases of osteoporosis (both osteopenic and osteoporotic) as compared to spine DXA or QCT, but OST is out of rang; as it failed to diagnose any case.CONCLUSION: DXA has been found to be more efficacious than QCT scan in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. DXA in femur is better than DXA-spine and QCT. Generally, DXA is the "gold standard" when assessing osteoporosis. Further studies are needed to modify the equation of OST and confirm its efficiency in Egyptians population.
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Pu, Xiao, Dali Guo, and Yunxiang Zhao. "Dual diagnostic method for fracture morphology of thermal coalbed methane reservoir." Thermal Science 23, no. 5 Part A (2019): 2741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci181119187p.
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In most thermal coalbed methane production practices, the average single well production is low and the economic benefit is low. In order to improve the production of thermal coalbed methane, this paper presents a dual diagnosis method for fracture morphology of thermal coalbed methane reservoir to improve hydraulic fracturing effect. The study is carried out as follows: firstly, improved log-log curve method to adapt to coal seam fracturing construction, secondly, establish the inclined stress calculation model of coal seam to obtain the critical depth value, and finally, combine the improved log-log method and critical depth method to form a dual diagnosis approach. Take Baiyang River in Xinjiang as an example, obtain the traffic, rock mechanics and other parameters suitable for the Baiyang River block, the fracture morphology is verified by fracturing data. The experimental results show that the approach can diagnose fracture morphology accurately. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/TSCI191209454E">10.2298/TSCI191209454E</a><u></b></font>
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Ji, Cheng, Yuan Chen, Liulong Zhu, and Jian Zhang. "Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Clinical Treatment of Joint Complications and CT Observation." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (February 22, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6667046.
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Arthroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing ACL injuries. It is a dual clinical technique for examination and treatment, which can effectively target the injury site for repair and treatment and can also accurately identify the lesion site and determine the degree of ligament injury through visual and three-dimensional observation of ligament injuries that are difficult to detect on imaging. However, this technique is invasive, so the clinic still needs to improve the related auxiliary imaging examination. In this paper, we performed MPR and VRT on patients with ACL injury and postprocessed the data. The diagnostic compliance rate of dual-source CT was 91.67% (33/36), the true positive rate was 93.33% (28/30), the missed rate was 6.67% (2/30), the true negative rate was 83.33% (5/6), and the misdiagnosis rate was 83.33% (5/6). The rate of true negative was 83.33% (5/6), and the rate of false diagnosis was 16.67% (1/6). Kappa analysis of the consistency between dual-source CT and arthroscopy showed a Kappa value of 0.719, indicating a high degree of consistency between the two examinations. In conclusion, MPR and VRT images are of clinical value for the diagnosis of ACL injury. In addition, dual-source CT can measure the CT value of the ACL and the thickness of each segment by MPR and VRT postprocessing techniques to diagnose the ligament injury in an objective, quantitative, and noninvasive way and can use dual-energy staining techniques to predict the ligament injury in a more intuitive way, which is not available in some arthroscopes.
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Kumjian, Matthew R., Alexander V. Ryzhkov, Heather D. Reeves, and Terry J. Schuur. "A Dual-Polarization Radar Signature of Hydrometeor Refreezing in Winter Storms." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 52, no. 11 (November 2013): 2549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-12-0311.1.
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AbstractPolarimetric radar measurements in winter storms that produce ice pellets have revealed a unique signature that is indicative of ongoing hydrometeor refreezing. This refreezing signature is observed within the low-level subfreezing air as an enhancement of differential reflectivity ZDR and specific differential phase KDP and a decrease of radar reflectivity factor at horizontal polarization ZH and copolar correlation coefficient ρhv. It is distinct from the overlying melting-layer “brightband” signature and suggests that unique microphysical processes are occurring within the layer of hydrometeor refreezing. The signature is analyzed for four ice-pellet cases in central Oklahoma as observed by two polarimetric radars. A statistical analysis is performed on the characteristics of the refreezing signature for a case of particularly long duration. Several hypotheses are presented to explain the appearance of the signature, along with a summary of the pros and cons for each. It is suggested that preferential freezing of small drops and local ice generation are plausible mechanisms for the appearance of the ZDR and KDP enhancements. Polarimetric measurements and scattering calculations are used to retrieve microphysical information to explore the validity of the hypotheses. The persistence and repetitiveness of the signature suggest its potential use in operational settings to diagnose the transition between freezing rain and ice pellets.
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Ramamurthy, Deepthi, Arvind Kasthuri, and Rekha Sonavane. "Dual Sensory Impairment among Community Dwelling Rural Elderly: Concern for Rehabilitation." Journal of Geriatrics 2014 (January 29, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/254518.
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Background. There is an increase in dual sensory impairment (DSI) (hearing and visual) with increase in elderly population. Most causes of DSI among elderly are treatable. This study determines the prevalence and characteristics of dual sensory impairment among elderly of a rural community. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study conducted among 175 rural elderly. Visual acuity for distant vision was measured using Snellen E chart. Hearing ability was measured using pure tone audiometry. Results. The prevalence of hearing impairment was 72% and that of visual impairment was 48%. The overall prevalence of DSI among the study subjects was 17.7% and 32.6% depending on whether traditional pure tone average or high-frequency pure tone average was used to define moderate or worse degree of hearing impairment. DSI prevalence increased significantly with increase in age. DSI was higher among widow/ers and illiterates, who did not have any source of income and those who were financially dependent on others compared to their counter groups. Conclusion. Prevalence of DSI is high among community dwelling rural Indian elderly. Individuals with DSI produce unique challenges in rehabilitation. A team approach at primary health care level is necessary to diagnose and rehabilitate elderly thereby enabling them to easily lead an independent life.
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Link, Thomas M. "Radiology of Osteoporosis." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 67, no. 1 (February 2016): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2015.02.002.
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The radiologist has a number of roles not only in diagnosing but also in treating osteoporosis. Radiologists diagnose fragility fractures with all imaging modalities, which includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrating radiologically occult insufficiency fractures, but also lateral chest radiographs showing asymptomatic vertebral fractures. In particular MRI fragility fractures may have a nonspecific appearance and the radiologists needs to be familiar with the typical locations and findings, to differentiate these fractures from neoplastic lesions. It should be noted that radiologists do not simply need to diagnose fractures related to osteoporosis but also to diagnose those fractures which are complications of osteoporosis related pharmacotherapy. In addition to using standard radiological techniques radiologists also use dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to quantitatively assess bone mineral density for diagnosing osteoporosis or osteopenia as well as to monitor therapy. DXA measurements of the femoral neck are also used to calculate osteoporotic fracture risk based on the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) score, which is universally available. Some of the new technologies such as high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and MR spectroscopy allow assessment of bone architecture and bone marrow composition to characterize fracture risk. Finally radiologists are also involved in the therapy of osteoporotic fractures by using vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and sacroplasty. This review article will focus on standard techniques and new concepts in diagnosing and managing osteoporosis.
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Bahadur, Anupama, Rajlaxmi Mundhra, Poonam Sherwani, and Sunil Kumar. "Robot-assisted partial cystectomy for bladder endometriosis: dual approach involving cystoscopy and robotic surgery." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 8 (August 2021): e244342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-244342.
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Bladder endometriosis accounts for 70%–85% cases of urinary tract endometriosis. A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this condition as most women have associated pelvic and menstrual complaints. The presence of cyclical haematuria along with tender anterior vaginal wall should alert the gynaecologist or urologist to consider this rare entity. Treatment is medical therapy followed by surgery when needed. Transurethral resection of endometriotic spot is the commonly used approach but to completely excise the endometriotic nodule, bladder resection at the site of nodule is needed along with repair of cut bladder margins. Herein, we describe a dual surgical approach where the margins of the endometriotic spot were delineated and cut using cystoscopy, followed by robotic approach to completely excise the nodule along with bladder repair. Robotic approach seems safer and easier in this complex surgery owing to dense adhesions in such cases.
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Alhaidar, Abdul Rahman, Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar, and Abdulaziz A. Alkathiry. "Reconstruction of dual tasking gait pattern in Parkinson’s disease subjects using radial basis function based artificial intelligence." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 4 (October 21, 2020): 5437–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189027.
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Vertical Ground Reaction Force (VGRF) is a force obtained during gait cycle beneath the feet and is used to screen the severity of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patient’s in clinical environment. This article investigates the VGRF signals (left and right) semblance nature among PD patients and control subjects as a function of time and possibility of reconstructing dual tasking VGRF signal from normal walking VGRF signals using radial basis function (RBF) based artificial intelligence (AI). There are many traditional methods for gait analysis and these methods are purely subjective and none made semblance analysis of same subjects gait pattern in different tasking. In order to overcome the difficulties faced by PD patients, RBF based AI is proposed in this research to reconstruct the dual tasking VGRF signal from normal walking VGRF signal. 93 PD patients with mean age: 66.3 years (63% men), and 73 healthy controls with mean age: 66.3 years (55% men) datasets are used in this work. Proposed RBF network is trained on VGRF signals obtained in normal walking and dual tasking conditions from control. The network was trained with 60% of VGRF data and tested on remaining 40% data. Semblance analysis results are encouraging, and it shows that semblance is high in PD patients than control subjects during dual tasking (P < 0.05). In order to test the findings of semblance analysis, we explicitly reconstruct VGRF signal of clinically significant dual tasking from VGRF signal of normal walking by the proposed RBF method. Findings proved that the proposed RBF network can reconstruct dual tasking VGRF signal of PD patients from their normal walking VGRF signal with high cross correlation (P < 0.0001). These findings pave way for a new adjunct tool to diagnose the gait dynamics of PD patients using the proposed reconstruction method.
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Zou, Da, Weishi Li, Fei Xu, and Guohong Du. "Use of Hounsfield units of S1 body to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases." Neurosurgical Focus 46, no. 5 (May 2019): E6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.2.focus18614.
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OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Hounsfield unit (HU) values of the S1 body to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.METHODSThe records of 316 patients of ages ≥ 50 years and requiring surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases were reviewed. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the S1 body and L1 was measured in HU with preoperative lumbar CT. Circular regions of interest (ROIs) were placed on midaxial and midsagittal images of the S1 body. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the criterion of L1 HU ≤ 110 HU were used to diagnose osteoporosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the use of HUs of the S1 body to diagnose osteoporosis.RESULTSThe interobserver and intraobserver reliability of measuring HU of the S1 body was excellent with intraclass correlation coefficients over 0.8 (p < 0.001). The correlation between HUs of the S1 body and average T-score of L1–4 was significant with Pearson correlation coefficients ≥ 0.60 (p < 0.001). The AUCs for using HUs of the S1 body to diagnose osteoporosis were 0.86 and 0.88 for axial HU and sagittal HU, respectively (p < 0.001). The HU thresholds with balanced sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing osteoporosis were 202 HU for axial HU (sensitivity: 76%; specificity: 76%) and 185 HU for sagittal HU (sensitivity: 80%; specificity: 80%).CONCLUSIONSBoth sagittal and axial HUs of the S1 body are useful tools for assessing BMD and diagnosing osteoporosis. Measuring HUs of the S1 body preoperatively from lumbar CT may help with surgical planning for patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.
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Rajabioun, Mehdi, Ali Motie Nasrabadi, Mohammad Bagher Shamsollahi, and Robert Coben. "Effective brain connectivity estimation between active brain regions in autism using the dual Kalman-based method." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 65, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2019-0062.
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AbstractBrain connectivity estimation is a useful method to study brain functions and diagnose neuroscience disorders. Effective connectivity is a subdivision of brain connectivity which discusses the causal relationship between different parts of the brain. In this study, a dual Kalman-based method is used for effective connectivity estimation. Because of connectivity changes in autism, the method is applied to autistic signals for effective connectivity estimation. For method validation, the dual Kalman based method is compared with other connectivity estimation methods by estimation error and the dual Kalman-based method gives acceptable results with less estimation errors. Then, connectivities between active brain regions of autistic and normal children in the resting state are estimated and compared. In this simulation, the brain is divided into eight regions and the connectivity between regions and within them is calculated. It can be concluded from the results that in the resting state condition the effective connectivity of active regions is decreased between regions and is increased within each region in autistic children. In another result, by averaging the connectivity between the extracted active sources of each region, the connectivity between the left and right of the central part is more than that in other regions and the connectivity in the occipital part is less than that in others.
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Kalra, Amandeep S., Andrew J. Walker, Mark E. Benson, Anurag Soni, Nalini M. Guda, Mehak Misha, and Deepak V. Gopal. "Comparison of Capsule Endoscopy Findings to Subsequent Double Balloon Enteroscopy: A Dual Center Experience." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 2015 (September 1, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/438757.
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Background. There has been a growing use of both capsule endoscopy (CE) and double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) to diagnose and treat patients with obscure gastrointestinal blood loss and suspected small bowel pathology. Aim. To compare and correlate sequential CE and DBE findings in a large series of patients at two tertiary level hospitals in Wisconsin. Methods. An IRB approved retrospective study of patients who underwent sequential CE and DBE, at two separate tertiary care academic centers from May 2007 to December 2011, was performed. Results. 116 patients were included in the study. The mean age ± SD was 66.6 ± 13.2 years. There were 56% males and 43.9% females. Measure of agreement between prior capsule and DBE findings was performed using kappa statistics, which gave kappa value of 0.396 with P<0.001. Also contingency coefficient was calculated and was found to be 0.732 (P<0.001). Conclusions. Our study showed good overall agreement between DBE and CE. Findings of angioectasia had maximum agreement of 69%.
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Huang, Qi-Yuan, Guo-Feng Liu, Xian-Ling Qian, Li-Bo Tang, Qing-Yun Huang, and Li-Xia Xiong. "Long Non-Coding RNA: Dual Effects on Breast Cancer Metastasis and Clinical Applications." Cancers 11, no. 11 (November 16, 2019): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111802.
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As a highly heterogeneous malignancy, breast cancer (BC) has become the most significant threat to female health. Distant metastasis and therapy resistance of BC are responsible for most of the cases of mortality and recurrence. Distant metastasis relies on an array of processes, such as cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), and angiogenesis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) refers to a class of non-coding RNA with a length of over 200 nucleotides. Currently, a rising number of studies have managed to investigate the association between BC and lncRNA. In this study, we summarized how lncRNA has dual effects in BC metastasis by regulating invasion, migration, and distant metastasis of BC cells. We also emphasize that lncRNA has crucial regulatory effects in the stemness and angiogenesis of BC. Clinically, some lncRNAs can regulate chemotherapy sensitivity in BC patients and may function as novel biomarkers to diagnose or predict prognosis for BC patients. The exact impact on clinical relevance deserves further study. This review can be an approach to understanding the dual effects of lncRNAs in BC, thereby linking lncRNAs to quasi-personalized treatment in the future.
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Khan, Subuh Parvez, Sajad Geelani, Shareefa Akhter, Shuaeb Bhat, Saleem Hussain, Fahim Manzoor, Javid Rasool, and Fiza Parvez Khan. "Bone marrow aspiration in haematological disorders: study at a tertiary care centre." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 7 (June 25, 2018): 2361. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182817.
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Background: The bone marrow examination is an essential investigation for the diagnosis and management of many disorders of the blood and bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) alone is usually sufficient to diagnose nutritional anaemias, and most of the acute leukaemias. Aim was to study the spectrum of haematological disorders diagnosed on bone marrow aspiration.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Haematology in Sher e Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir for a period of 2 years from December 2015 to December 2017. Bone marrow examination of 2131 cases of suspected hematological disorders was carried out. Bone marrow was aspirated from posterior superior iliac spine under local anaesthesia. Aspirates of dry tap were excluded from the study. Aspiration smears where stained with Leishmann stain for morphological examination.Results: A total of 2131 cases were included in this study. Male to female ratio in our study was 1.9:1. The age range of cases was from 1-80 years and the mean age was 47.3 years. Anemia was the most common haematological disorder in our study accounting for 25.6% of cases followed by acute leukaemia accounting for 22.3% and multiple myeloma (13.3%). Among anemias, megaloblastic anemia was most common followed by dual deficieny anemia. Among leukaemias, acute myeloid leukaemia (13.2%) was more common than acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (9.1%).Conclusions: Bone marrow aspiration cytology is a mildly invasive technique which can diagnose many hematological and non-hematologic diseases that can be confirmed by more advanced investigations viz. serological, biochemical or molecular. It is a highly informative test procedure performed for evaluating blood and blood related diseases in our environment.
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Aoyama, Rie, Teppei Murata, Joji Ishikawa, and Kazumasa Harada. "Case report of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction diagnosed in spectral detector-based computed tomography performed for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism." European Heart Journal - Case Reports 4, no. 5 (September 9, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa284.
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Abstract Background Contrast-enhanced spectral detector-based computed tomography (SDCT) allows for the comprehensive and retrospective analysis. We report a case of pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) accompanied by non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) diagnosed by SDCT. Case summary A 72-year-old man with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and prostate cancer suddenly developed chest and back pain and had difficulty in breathing at rest. Electrocardiography showed a right bundle branch block without significant ST-segment change. The initial serum troponin I level was 0.05 ng/mL, and the d-dimer level was 14.7 μg/mL. Spectral detector-based computed tomography showed bilateral scattered PE. After admission, his chest pain persisted, and the serum troponin I level 3 h after admission was elevated to 0.90 ng/mL. Reconstruction of SDCT images showed a perfusion defect of the posterolateral left ventricle myocardium. A coronary angiogram showed total occlusion of the obtuse marginal branch (OM); percutaneous coronary intervention was performed. Furthermore, we administered him with oral anticoagulants (OACs) for PE. Spectral detector-based computed tomography tests performed 6 months after the treatment was initiated, until when the dual antiplatelet therapy and OAC therapy were continued, showed improvement in perfusion defects of both pulmonary fields and the myocardium. His treatment was deescalated to single antiplatelet therapy and OAC, and the patient has had a good course. Discussion Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is sometimes difficult to diagnose accurately, especially in the hyper-acute phase or in the OM branch. The reconstruction of spectral images from enhanced SDCT was helpful to diagnose this unique combination of PE and NSTEMI and may be useful for evaluating therapeutic effects in such patients.
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Hidayati, Fera, Bambang Irawan, and Hasanah Mumpuni. "Aspirin and Clopidogrel Resistance in Coronary Artery Disease." ACI (Acta Cardiologia Indonesiana) 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/aci.29683.
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Dual antiplatelet therapy has been proven effective to reduce recurrent cardiovascular eventin patients with coronary artery disease and recommended as standard therapy for acute coronary syndrome and patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The adverse clinical occurrence in patients who taking aspirin and clopidogrel associates with antiplatelet non responsiveness, in addition to repetitive bleeding incident in such a way that platelet reactivity and genetic polymorphisms investigation rises intense interest. Resistance to antiplatelet or antiplatelet non responsiveness means a phenomenon in which antiplatelet drug fails to deliver pharmacological target and it is determined by platelet function measurement. Recent laboratorymethods have been developed to diagnose antiplatelet resistance, but none of them was considered as standard tool since its wide inter-individual variability and poor correlation between them. The mechanism of antiplatelet resistance is not fully understood, multifactorial, involving pharmaco dynamic and pharmacokinetic of the drugs. This review is aimed to comprehend theantiplatelet resistance mechanism and provide crucial information on managing patients who take dual antiplatelet treatment with adverse clinical events.
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Cryer, Jacqueline R., Simon J. Otter, and Catherine J. Bowen. "Use of Quantitative Ultrasound Scans of the Calcaneus to Diagnose Osteoporosis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 97, no. 2 (March 1, 2007): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0970108.
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Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are recognized as being at risk for osteoporosis as a result of the disease process as well as the medication used to treat it. This study was conducted to consider the use of calcaneal scanning with quantitative ultrasound—contact ultrasound bone analysis (CUBA)—to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: Forty-six patients (11 men and 35 women) with established rheumatoid arthritis underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) of the nondominant wrist and CUBA of the nondominant heel. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were used to determine the correlation between osteoporosis as diagnosed by the CUBA heel scan compared with the DEXA wrist scan given that DEXA is widely seen as the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Results: The CUBA heel scan revealed a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 44% for a diagnosis of osteoporosis compared with DEXA. The positive predictive value of the CUBA scan was 31%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. Therefore, if normal bone density is found using CUBA, there is 94% certainty this is correct. However, if osteoporosis is diagnosed using CUBA, there is only 31% certainty this is correct. In such instances a secondary scan using a different method (eg, DEXA) would be required. Future work should consider the effect of minor alterations to the equipment or scanning protocol, because this may improve diagnosis.Conclusions: The CUBA unit could be used as a primary screening device. Given the cost and accessibility issues associated with DEXA, quantitative ultrasound may have a role in screening for osteoporosis in the primary-care setting to determine the most appropriate routes of referral for patients requiring further investigations. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(2): 108–114, 2007)
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An, Youngsoo, and Li Wan. "Monitoring Spatial Changes in Manufacturing Firms in Seoul Metropolitan Area Using Firm Life Cycle and Locational Factors." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 11, 2019): 3808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143808.
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This paper diagnoses the development of the manufacturing industry in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) using portfolio and regression analyses. Following the life-cycle perspective, four types of spatial changes of firms have been identified, namely firm formation, inflow, outflow, and dissolution, which are applied to analyze the manufacturing development in SMA. For portfolio analysis, we propose the Net Formation Index and Net Inflow Index to measure the spatial changes of firms at the city level. The two indices facilitate horizontal comparison among cities in SMA in terms of firm growth from new opening and relocation. Using spatial regression analysis, we identify significant location factors that contribute to firm change patterns. Our tests show that a high level of industrial specialization (measured by location quotient) has a dual effect. On the one hand, high level specialization attracts new or inflow firms, particularly in the light and high-tech manufacturing industries. On the other hand, it leads to an increased number of closed or outflow firms, plausibly due to increased competition among local firms. The proposed methods can be applied to diagnose industrial development in clusters of inter-connected cities and design policy tools to boost the local industry.
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Potvin, Corey K., and Louis J. Wicker. "Correcting Fast-Mode Pressure Errors in Storm-Scale Ensemble Kalman Filter Analyses." Advances in Meteorology 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/624931.
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A typical storm-scale ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) analysis/forecast system is shown to introduce imbalances into the ensemble posteriors that generate acoustic waves in subsequent integrations. When the EnKF is used to research storm-scale dynamics, the resulting spurious pressure oscillations are large enough to impact investigation of processes driven by nonhydrostatic pressure gradient forces. Fortunately, thermodynamic retrieval techniques traditionally applied to dual-Doppler wind analyses can be adapted to diagnose the balanced portion of an EnKF pressure analysis, thereby eliminating the fast-mode pressure oscillations. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using a high-resolution supercell thunderstorm simulation as well as EnKF analyses of a simulated and a real supercell.
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Parent, Léon-Étienne. "Diagnosis of the nutrient compositional space of fruit crops." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 33, no. 1 (March 2011): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452011000100041.
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Tissue analysis is a useful tool for the nutrient management of fruit orchards. The mineral composition of diagnostic tissues expressed as nutrient concentration on a dry weight basis has long been used to assess the status of 'pure' nutrients. When nutrients are mixed and interact in plant tissues, their proportions or concentrations change relatively to each other as a result of synergism, antagonism, or neutrality, hence producing resonance within the closed space of tissue composition. Ternary diagrams and nutrient ratios are early representations of interacting nutrients in the compositional space. Dual and multiple interactions were integrated by the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) into nutrient indexes and by Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis into centered log ratios (CND-clr). DRIS has some computational flaws such as using a dry matter index that is not a part as well as nutrient products (e.g. NxCa) instead of ratios. DRIS and CND-clr integrate all possible nutrient interactions without defining an ad hoc interactive model. They diagnose D components while D-1 could be diagnosed in the D-compositional Hilbert space. The isometric log ratio (ilr) coordinates overcome these problems using orthonormal binary nutrient partitions instead of dual ratios. In this study, it is presented a nutrient interactive model as well as computation methods for DRIS and CND-clr and CND-ilr coordinates (CND-ilr) using leaf analytical data from an experimental apple orchard in Southwestern Quebec, Canada. It was computed the Aitchison and Mahalanobis distances across ilr coordinates as measures of nutrient imbalance. The effect of changing nutrient concentrations on ilr coordinates are simulated to identify the ones contributing the most to nutrient imbalance.
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Vargas, M. L., S. Lopez, A. M. del Brio, M. L. Fernandez, and M. A. Franco. "Neuropsychology in the Differential Diagnosis of Dual Pathology: Schizophrenia and Drugs Abuse/Dependence." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70701-1.
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Aims:Dual diagnosis of schizophrenic disorders and drug abuse/dependence are increasing due to more frequent use of cannabis and cocaine. It is important to differentiate between primary schizophrenia with associate drug abuse/dependence and drug-induced psychosis. The objective is to detect neuropsychological differences between drug users and non-users in schizophrenia patients, which could be used as diagnostic tools.Method:We conduct one case-control study on 12 schizophrenia out-patients (10 male) with vital history of drug abuse/dependence (mainly cannabis and cocaine) and one control group of 18 schizophrenia out-patients (12 male) who never used illegal drugs (global age mean: 32.8 years; SD:7.2). It was applied one neuropsychological battery sensitive to the neuropsychological deficit frequent in schizophrenia: WAIS-III, BADS, WCST, Colour Trails, Trail Making A and B, BVRT, California Verbal Learning Test (spanish version: TAVEC). Variables was summarized determining Z values and principal components. It was constructed one Logistic Regression Model to determinate the better predicting model of drug use state.Results:The resultant model included two predictors: WAIS Perceptive Organization Index and Trails Component. The prediction formula for Ln Odd Ratio of drug abuse/dependence group is: -13.83 + 1.09 (Trails Z score) + 0.16 (WAIS Perceptive Organization Index). It explains for 63% of the variance (p = 0.001). The ROC curve for using in diagnose was constructed.Conclusion:Neuropsychological diagnosis can contribute to the differential diagnosis of schizophrenia in dual pathology. The better functioning in visual-spatial tasks increases the probability of psychosis related with drugs use.
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Zhang, Jeff L., Henry Rusinek, Louisa Bokacheva, Ruth P. Lim, Qun Chen, Pippa Storey, Keyma Prince, Elizabeth M. Hecht, Danny C. Kim, and Vivian S. Lee. "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enhanced MR renography: repeated measures of GFR and RPF in hypertensive patients." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 296, no. 4 (April 2009): F884—F891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.90648.2008.
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This study aims to assess the feasibility of a protocol to diagnose renovascular disease using dual MR renography acquisitions: before and after administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). Results of our simulation study aimed at testing the reproducibility of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow demonstrate that for a fixed overall dose of 12 ml gadolinium-based contrast material (500 mmol/l), the second dose should be approximately twice as large as the first dose. A three-compartment model for analyzing the second-injection data was shown to appropriately handle the tracer residue from the first injection. The optimized protocol was applied to 18 hypertensive patients without renovascular disease, showing minimal systematic difference in GFR measurements before and after ACEi of 0.8 ± 4.4 ml/min or 2.7 ± 14.9%. For 10 kidneys with significant renal artery stenosis, GFR decreased significantly after ACEi ( P < 0.001, T value = 3.79), and the difference in GFR measurements before and after ACEi averaged 8.3 ± 6.9 ml/min or 26.2 ± 43.9%. Dual-injection MRI with optimized dose distribution appears promising for ACEi renography by offering measures of GFR changes with clinically acceptable precision and accuracy.
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Chauhan, Sapna, Sachin Sharma, Surender ., and Paramjit Singh. "Concurrent dengue and typhoid infection: study from a tertiary care centre in Muzaffarnagar, India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191646.
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Background: Acute febrile illness is a common presenting complaint during the rainy season. Rains predispose to both water and vector borne diseases. Co-infection of dengue with malaria, leptospirosis, typhoid, scrub typhus and other arboviral diseases can occur in endemic areas. Such dual infections are difficult to diagnose and create a diagnostic dilemma for the treating physician. Here in this study authors attempt to find out rates of concurrent dengue and typhoid infection.Methods: This retrospective study was done between August to November 2017. 403 patients presenting with acute febrile illness were studied. Diagnosis of dengue was done by rapid card test detecting NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies. Serodiagnosis of Salmonella infection was done by tube Widal test.Results: : Out of 403 febrile sera samples tested 154 (38.2%) were positive for dengue (either NS1 antigen or IgM antibodies or both), 71(17.6%) were positive for Widal test O and H titres ≥1:160) and 28 (6.9%) were positive for both dengue as well as Salmonella (Widal test).Conclusions: Acute febrile illnesses with diagnostic dilemma may be seen in cases of co-infection. Only better clinical judgement and right choice of laboratory tests can diagnose these diseases timely and prevent fatal outcomes.
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Ma, Xiao-Hui, Wei Zhang, Yan Wang, Peng Xue, and Yu-Kun Li. "Comparison of the Spine and Hip BMD Assessments Derived from Quantitative Computed Tomography." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/675340.
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Quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) is being used as the main method to diagnose osteoporosis. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most common tools for measuring BMD. Compared to DXA, quantitative computed tomography (QCT) can determine in three dimensions the true volumetric BMD (vBMD) at any skeletal site. In addition to the spine, the hip is an important site for axial BMD measurement. This study examines lumbar spine and hip BMD of Chinese adults by QCT. Age related changes in bone mass derived by QCT measurements were determined. The osteoporosis QCT detection rates at the spine and hip are assessed in both female and male, and agreement of skeletal status category between the spine and hip in older adults is also assessed.
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Bohmer, Clarisse J., and Elly Klinkenberg. "Analysis of the predictive value of laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms to diagnose GORD as assessed by 24 hr dual pH testing." Gastroenterology 124, no. 4 (April 2003): A415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(03)82097-8.
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Krivorotko, M. S., S. S. Rodionova, and Yu V. Buklemishev. "Stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis as a rare complication of interlocking intramedullary nailing." Genij Ortopedii 26, no. 4 (December 2020): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2020-26-4-579-584.
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Introduction This article describes a clinical case of a stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis following a high-energy tibial shaft fracture stabilized with interlocking intramedullary (IM) nail to identify an underlying cause of the traumatic event. Objective To demonstrate the occurrence of a stress fracture after adequate interlocking IM nailing of a traumatic fracture due to systemic osteoporosis that presented no clinical manifestations prior to injury. Material and methods Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to diagnose the stress fracture. Bone mineral density and laboratory markers of bone metabolism were measured to identify underlying causes of the stress fracture. Consolidation of the traumatic fracture fixed with interlocking IM nail was re-evaluated with a radiograph of the fracture site. Results The stress fracture was seen off the IM nail on MRI scans. Osteoporosis was diagnosed with bone densitometry using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and deoxypyridinoline, a bone resorption marker and vitamin D deficiency were identified with laboratory tests. No signs of fracture union were seen radiologically. Conclusion A stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis detected 3 months after a tibial shaft fracture fixed with interlocking IM nail can be considered an insufficiency fracture caused by primary (idiopathic) systemic osteoporosis that was asymptomatic prior to the high-energy injury.
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Shi, Xiao Juan. "Design and Implementation of an Embedded PLC System with Applied-Information Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.401.
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To overcome the shortcomings of external PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and soft PLC being widely employed in switch control of CNC machine tool, an embedded PLC system was developed by integrating AVR single chip ATMEGA169, PC bus technique and dual port RAM. Both hardware circuit and software of the PLC system were designed and implemented. The software of Industrial PC was developed by using ladder-diagram IDE (Integrated Design Environment) based on the platform of Borland C++ Builder. In this environment, it can fulfill edit, compilation and communication function of ladder-diagram file. It also can monitor and diagnose PLC running status. This developed embedded PLC system has the characteristics of compact structure, high communication and reliability. It can effectively satisfy real-time control requirements of CNC machine tool.
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Pires, Andressa Jacondino, Camila Corrêa Casanova, Luciana de Avila Quevedo, Karen Jansen, and Ricardo Azevedo da Silva. "Panic disorder and psychoactive substance use in primary care." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 36, no. 2 (April 2014): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2013-0042.
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Objective: To identify the association between panic disorder and licit and illicit substance use in the population provided with primary care in the southern Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with patients from three primary care centers. We used the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) to evaluate substance use and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to diagnose panic disorder. Results: A total of 1,081 subjects were evaluated. The prevalence of panic disorder was 5.6%. Panic disorder was associated with using marijuana (p = 0.001), tobacco (p = 0.001), cocaine (p < 0.001), and other illicit substances (p < 0.001). Conclusion: A significant association is noticed between panic disorder and licit and illicit substance use, thus, it is interesting to rethink the approach to treatment/intervention in patients with dual diagnosis.
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Lima, Guilherme Alcantara Cunha, Francisco de Paula Paranhos Neto, Giselly Rosa Modesto Pereira, Carlos Perez Gomes, and Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias. "Osteoporosis management in patient with renal function impairment." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 58, no. 5 (July 2014): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-2730000003360.
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Aging is associated with decreases in bone quality and in glomerular filtration. Consequently, osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common comorbid conditions in the elderly, and often coexist. Biochemical abnormalities in the homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus begin early in CKD, leading to an increase in fracture risk and cardiovascular complications since early stages of the disease. The ability of DXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) to diagnose osteoporosis and to predict fractures in this population remains unclear. The management of the disease is also controversial: calcium and vitamin D, although recommended, must be prescribed with caution, considering vascular calcification risk and the development of adynamic bone disease. Furthermore, safety and effectiveness of osteoporosis drugs are not established in patients with CKD. Thus, risks and benefits of antiosteoporosis treatment must be considered individually.
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Zhang, Ziying, Xi Zhang, Panpan Zhang, Fengbiao Wu, and Xuehui Li. "Gearbox Composite Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Minimum Entropy Deconvolution and Improved Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform." Entropy 21, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21010018.
Full textAbstract:
Dual-tree complex wavelet transform has been successfully applied to the composite diagnosis of a gearbox and has achieved good results. However, it has some fatal weaknesses, so this paper proposes an improved dual-tree complex wavelet transform (IDTCWT), and combines minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) to diagnose the composite fault of a gearbox. Firstly, the number of decomposition levels and the effective sub-bands of the DTCWT are adaptively determined according to the correlation coefficient matrix. Secondly, frequency mixing is removed by notch filter. Thirdly, each of the obtained sub-bands further reduces the noise by minimum entropy deconvolution. Then, the proposed method and the existing adaptive noise reduction methods, such as empirical mode decomposition (EMD), ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and variational mode decomposition (VMD), are used to decompose the two sets of simulation signals in comparison, and the feasibility of the proposed method has been verified. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the compound fault vibration signal of a gearbox. The results show the proposed method successfully extracts the outer ring fault at a frequency of 160 Hz, the gearbox fault with a characteristic frequency of 360 Hz and its double frequency of 720 Hz, and that there is no mode mixing. The method proposed in this paper provides a new idea for the feature extraction of a gearbox compound fault.
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Kirilov, Nikola K., Svilen H. Todorov, and Nikolay G. Nikolov. "Prevalence of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Adult Scoliotic Women Assessed with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA)." Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 13, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2020-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Summary DXA is a gold-standard method for assessing bone mineral density (BMD) to diagnose osteopenia and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis are well-known diseases in adults, which are most often coexistent. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in 1019 women aged ≥40 years divided into different groups according to the Cobb angle measured from DXA scan images with DICOM software. We found that the incidence of osteoporosis of the lumbar spine and total hip, as well as the incidence of osteopenia of the total hip, increased in the groups according to the Cobb angle. The group with a Cobb angle >10◦ showed the highest prevalence of osteoporosis. According to the Cobb angle, the incidence of osteopenia of the lumbar spine remained similar in the different groups. The results of the current study show that scoliosis has an essential impact on the interpretation of DXA scans. The BMD’s false elevation, respectively, of the T-score of some vertebrae, could lead to an incorrect final diagnosis. In this case, additional assessment of the hip BMD could be useful for a more accurate interpretation of the results based on the lumbar spine BMD.